Patent Application
20090068350
This invention in certain example instances relates to a method of making a heat treated coated or uncoated glass article having functional coatings. In certain example instances, a temporary protective polymer based layer is formed on a coated glass substrate and in the case of a heat-treatable product following heat treatment thereof (e.g., thermal tempering of the coated article), in order to enhance the mechanical and environmental durability of the glass article coating following the heat treatment process (e.g., during shipping, unloading, robotic handling and/or human handling of the heat treated coated article). The protective polymer based layer may be removed prior to, for example, the coated article being loaded into the insulating and/or laminating washer at a fabricator (e.g., IG window unit fabricator), and/or the protective polymer based layer may be removed prior to glass bending, tempering, and/or laminating. The temporary protective layer may be easily removed by peeling, burning, dissolving, etc.
It is known in the art to use coated articles in the context of window units such as insulating glass (IG) window units. For example, see U.S. Pat. No. 6,632,491 to Thomsen, the disclosure of which is hereby incorporated herein by reference. In the '491 patent for example, a solar management coating (e.g., low-E coating) is provided on the inner surface of one of the glass substrates of an IG window unit so as to protect a building interior against infrared (IR) radiation and the heat generated thereby. Coated glass substrates of IG units often have to be heat treated (e.g., tempered), prior to IG unit assembly for example, to meet certain code requirements.
Large pieces of glass (whether heat treated or not) may have certain size-related problems related to handling. Large sheets of glass, for example, may be placed through operations relating to cutting, seaming, and/or edge deletion. In one or more of these operations, the surface of the glass may benefit from protection.
Following heat treatment (e.g., thermal tempering and/or heat bending), the heat treated coated glass substrate is often subjected to shipping, unloading, storage on a pallet or the like, robotic handling and/or human handling. One or more of these often tends to damage the heat treated coated glass substrate (e.g., via scratching, corrosion, and/or the like) before it can be coupled to another substrate to form an IG window unit, laminated window, or the like. Yields are reduced due to such damage which often occurs between heat treatment and coupling to another substrate.
For example, coated sheets are often scratched due to (a) rubbing up against other sheets or the like during shipment, unloading and/or storage; (b) pliers used by glass handlers; (c) abrasion caused by gloves worn by glass handlers; and/or (d) other types of rubbing/abrasion. Additionally, corrosion can be a significant cause of damage and is often caused by high humidity conditions, acid rain, and/or other materials which tend to collect on the coated articles during transport, storage and/or handling.
In view of the above, it can be seen that there exists a need in the art to better protect heat treated coated glass sheets in the processing stages following heat treatment and before coupling to another substrate. In particular, increased protection against mechanical abrasion and environmental damage is needed. Over the years, numerous attempts have been made in this regard.
The dusting of coated sheets with Lucor powder separator is often carried out in an attempt to better protect coated glass sheets in processing stages prior to heat treatment. Unfortunately, Lucor powder provides no protection against corrosion damage, and also is not particularly effective in protecting against scratch damage due to the use of pliers, brushes, gloves and the like.
Encapsulating of racks during shipment has also been tried. However, encapsulating racks is labor intensive and has proven only partially effective during shipment.
U.S. Pat. No. 6,682,773 to Medwick discloses a technique to protect coated glass prior to heat treatment where a water-soluble temporary protective layer is applied to a coated glass sheet via a liquid solution. In particular, the protective layer is formed from an aqueous coating solution containing a polyvinyl alcohol polymer which is then dried and may thereafter be removed by washing in water. The technique of the '773 patent may be undesirable in that the coating is typically water soluble. Thus, the protective coating may have the tendency to absorb moisture in hot and/or humid conditions which may result in adhesive bonding of stacked glass substrates. Thus, it can be seen that the technique of the '773 patent may be undesirable.
U.S. Pat. No. 6,849,328 to Medwick discloses a technique where a water-soluble temporary protective layer is applied to a coated glass sheet via a liquid solution or where a carbon coating is sputtered onto the glass sheet. However, these coatings are removed and thus provide no protection during the period after heat treatment.
U.S. Pat. No. 4,710,426 to Stephens discloses a protective polymeric layer on a coated sheet. However, the isocyanate used in the '426 system prevents the protective polymeric layer from being practically removed in a reasonable manner.
EP 1 380 553 also discloses a temporary protective coating on a coated article. However, like the '773 patent, the protective coating of EP 1 380 426 burns off during heat treatment and thus provides no protection during the period after heat treatment when the coated article is subjected to damage/corrosion.
U.S. Patent App. Pub. No. 2006/0065350 to Richardson discloses a protective layer including polyethylene and an optional adhesive layer including acrylic. But these protective layers are limited in size and may not be applied on large sheets of glass, e.g., sheets larger than 100 inches.
Temporary protective coatings may be formed from solutions or dispersions of polymeric materials or waxes. Whereas laminated protective films are removed by hand peeling, different removal techniques to remove temporary coatings may also include the use of organic solvents, water, steam, alkaline inorganic solvents, etc., and thermal decomposition by combustion at furnace temperatures.
In view of the above, it can be seen that there exists a need in the art to better protect coated glass sheets in the processing stages following heat treatment (e.g., thermal tempering and/or heat bending), in particular between heat treatment and coupling of the coated article to another substrate. The protective layer(s) can be easily removed in a processing step prior to coupling the heat treated coated substrate to another substrate. In particular, increased protection against mechanical abrasion and environmental damage is needed between heat treatment and coupling to another substrate in order to improve yields and reduce the likelihood of damage.
In certain embodiments of this invention, a temporary protective film is provided on a glass substrate that is coated with a multi-layer low-E coating or at least one functional coating. The temporary protective film includes one or more layers and is located on the glass substrate over at least the low-E coating.
In certain example embodiments, the temporary protective film is designed such that it can be applied over a low-E coating in an efficient manner without the need for any sort of lengthy curing procedure. In this regard, the temporary protective film is preferably applied (e.g., sprayed) in liquid or molten liquid form and cooled relatively quickly. Moreover, in certain example embodiments of this invention, the temporary protective film is designed such that it can be applied following heat treatment and be easily removed by simply peeling it off, burning it off, or dissolving it off prior coupling the coated substrate to another substrate to form an IG window unit, laminated window, or the like. In certain example embodiments, the temporary protective film is designed such that it is not water soluble so that it remains on and protects the low-E coated glass substrate even upon exposure to water and other environmental elements involving humidity. In other example embodiments, the temporary protective film may be removed via combustion at high temperatures, dissolution in a solvent (such as, for example, water, an organic solvent, an alkaline inorganic solvent, etc.).
In certain example embodiments of this invention, a method of making an insulating glass (IG) window unit, the method comprising: sputtering a multi-layered low-E coating onto a glass substrate, wherein the low-E coating comprises at least one infrared (IR) reflecting layer comprising silver sandwiched between at least first and second dielectric layers; thermally tempering the glass substrate with the low-E coating thereon; after said tempering, applying a liquid composition comprising monomeric material to a top surface of the low-E coating and curing the liquid to form a polymer protective sheet so as to create a protected coated article; removing the protective sheet off the low-E coating to form an unprotected coated article; and after removing the protective sheet off the low-E coating, coupling the tempered coated article including the glass substrate and low-E coating to another substrate to form an IG window unit.
In certain example embodiments of this invention, there is provided a method of making a protected coated substrate, the method comprising applying a liquid composition comprising monomeric material to a top surface of a glass article and curing the liquid to form a polymer protective sheet so as to create a protected coated article, wherein the substrate comprises monolithic glass.
In other example embodiments of this invention, there is provided a method of making a window unit, the method comprising: forming at least one functional coating on a glass substrate; heat treating the glass substrate with the coating thereon; after said tempering, applying a liquid composition comprising monomeric material to a top surface of the at least one functional coating and curing the liquid to form a polymer protective sheet so as to create a protected coated article; removing the protective sheet off the at least one functional coating to form an unprotected coated article; and after removing the protective sheet off the coating, coupling the heat treated coated article including the glass substrate and coating to another substrate to form a window unit.
A temporary protective film, having one or more layers, is provided on a glass substrate that is coated with a multi-layer low-E coating in certain embodiments of this invention. The temporary protective film is typically provided on the substrate over a multi-layer low-E coating, where the low-E coating typically includes at least one infrared (IR) reflecting layer of a material comprising silver or the like. In certain example instances, the IR reflecting layer(s) may be sandwiched between at least a pair of dielectric layers.
Although primarily described in connection with one or more functional coatings (e.g., low-E), monomeric materials may be applied to uncoated glass lacking functional coating(s) in accordance with certain embodiments of the present invention. Thus, uncoated glass may be protected from chemical and/or mechanical damage in accordance with various embodiments. Furthermore, glass substrates need not be heat treated (e.g., via tempering) in certain embodiments of the present invention.
A temporary protective film formed in accordance with certain embodiments may be polymerized on the low-E coating via exposure to radiation (e.g., ultraviolet radiation) or an electron beam. The temporary protection coating may be removed by hand-peeling, combustion at high temperatures, or exposure to water, organic solvents, inorganic solvents, etc. Furthermore, mechanical removal, such as with a cloth or brush, may be used to aid the removal of the temporary protection coating. The uncured composition may be applied via any conventional liquid application technique, including, for example, spraying, roller coating, dipping, meniscus, and/or curtain coating processes.
Wet liquid films of the monomeric (unpolymerized) coating compositions may be cured by exposure to heat, ultraviolet radiation, visible radiation, etc. Preferred coating compositions are based on monomers having reactive functionalities, such as epoxy, isocyanate, hydroxyl, acrylate, and methacrylate, etc. Monomeric coating compositions may also include some preformed polymeric materials as well as polymeric materials having reactive functional groups that may be further polymerized. The resulting polymer may comprise, for example, polyvinylpyrrolidone.
Exemplary coating materials are commercially available from Dymax Corp. (e.g., Speed Mask resins), Beacon Adhesives, Inc. (e.g., Magnacryl resins), Red Spot Paint & Varnish Company, Inc. (e.g., UV-curable and thermal-curable technology products), and Tangent Industries, Inc. (e.g., UV-curable products).
Although described in connection with a multi-layer low-E coating, a protective layer in accordance with certain embodiments of this invention may be useful in a variety of applications, including, for example, surface protection of sensitive surfaces of coated glass used in concentrated solar power mirrors, energy efficient windows, etc. In certain embodiments, the substrate may be monolithic glass, such as those having SPF and/or UV-blocking properties and/or low-E or low-emissivity properties. UV-blocking properties refers to the capability of blocking at least a portion of the ultraviolet spectrum.
In certain example embodiments of this invention, the temporary protective coating is applied following heat treatment (e.g., thermal tempering and/or heat bending), and remains on the heat treated coated article until it is removed (e.g., by peeling it off) before the heat treated coated article is coupled to another substrate to form an IG window unit, laminated windshield, or the like. The temporary protective coating may be peeled off by hand (by an operator), or alternatively may be peeled off via a robot in certain other embodiments of this invention. The temporary protective coating may also be removed via combustion at high temperatures, dissolution in a solvent (e.g., water, an organic solvent, an alkaline inorganic solvent, etc.). Thus, certain example embodiments of this invention allow fabricators to more aggressively handle and/or process coated glass sheets after heat treatment and before coupling to another substrate without running a significant risk of damage. This permits yields to be increased, and costs cut.
In certain example embodiments, the temporary protective coating is not water soluble so that it remains on and protects the low-E coated glass substrate during post-HT shipping, storage, unloading, handling, and/or handling, before the heat treated coated article is coupled to another substrate. Thus, the coated sheet is not as susceptible to damage (e.g., scratching and/or corrosion) during such times.
Low-E coating 23 may be any suitable type of low-E coating in different embodiments of this invention. For example, and without limitation, any of the coatings in any of the following U.S. patents may be used as the coating 23: U.S. Pat. Nos. 6,461,731; 6,447,891; 6,602,608; 6,576,349; 6,514,620; 6,524,714; 5,688,585; 5,563,734; 5,229,194; 4,413,877 and 3,682,528, all of which are hereby incorporated herein by reference. In certain example embodiments, the top layer of the low-E coating is of or comprises silicon nitride which may or may not be doped with a metal such as Al and/or stainless steel.
Protective layer 27 may comprise a polymer formed on the low-E coating from monomeric materials. For example, the removable polymer film may be formed via a polymerization reaction initiated via exposure to radiation (e.g., ultraviolet radiation) or an electron beam. Adjuvents (e.g., foaming agents, such as surfactants) and/or fillers may be present in the protective layer in certain example embodiments of this invention.
The thickness of protective layer 27 may be at least 1-50 microns—or more preferably 10-250 microns in thickness—so as to facilitate removal by hand peeling. Foaming agents such as air and/or inert gas may also be mixed with the uncured precursor material prior to application in a liquid form. Suitable foaming agents may include, for example, sodium lauryl ether sulfate, sodium dodecyl sulfate, alkylaryl sulfonates, polyethoxyalkanols, and/or other well-known surfactants. Suitable inert gasses are those that do not react with the monomeric material may include, for example, ambient air, nitrogen, argon, etc. The addition of gas and/or foam may reduce the density of the resultant protective layer 27.
In certain example embodiments of this invention, protective layer 27 has a visible transmission of less than 70% (measured regarding all visible wavelengths of light), more preferably less than 60%, and most preferably less than 50% (thus, the optics of the coated article are typically undesirable when the protective layer 27 is thereon). In certain example instances, the protective layer 27 may be blue or otherwise colored. The blue or blue/green coloration of layer 27 is advantageous in that it allows edges of the layer 27 to be clearly seen by operators such as peelers, and also permits handlers to be able to easily determine whether or not the protective layer 27 is still on the coated substrate. This is helpful in preventing coated articles with a layer 27 thereon from being coupled to another glass substrate to form a final product such as an IG unit or the like before layer 27 has been removed by peeling or the like.
Then, following the heat treatment, protective layer 27 is applied to the top of the low-E coating 23 and cured (step 3) to form the coated sheet shown in
In certain example embodiments, the protective layer(s) 27 remains on the heat treated coated article from the exit of the furnace line unloading until the coated glass substrate is loaded into the insulating and/or laminating washer at the fabricator (note: the furnace may be located at the glass manufacturer or at the fabricator). The protective layer 27 is removed by peeling it off just before this washer and thus just before being coupled to another glass or plastic substrate to form an IG window unit, laminated windshield, or the like (step 5). The heat treated coated article composed of substrate 21 and low-E coating 23 in monolithic form, may in certain example embodiments have a visible transmission of at least 40%, more preferably of at least 70%, after removal of the layers 25, 27. After the protective layer 27 has been removed, the coated sheet composed of glass substrate 21 and low-E coating 23 is coupled to another glass or plastic sheet via at least one spacer and/or sealant to form an IG window unit (step 6).
Typically, an IG window unit may include two spaced apart substrates 21, 24 as shown in
In view of the above, it can be seen that the protective layer 27 serves to protect the coated sheet from damage (e.g., scratching, corrosion and the like) during shipping, unloading, cutting, edge seaming and grinding, robotic handling and human handling. An example benefit is significantly higher fabrication yields for the product.
In certain embodiments, protective layer 27 may be removed by mechanical methods (e.g., peeling, scrubbing, brushing, etc.), chemical methods (e.g., dissolution in an alkaline solution, such as ammonium hydroxide, sodium hydroxide, etc.), or a combination of the two. For example, the protective layer may be first washed with a solvent (e.g., warm water), then rubbed clean and dried with a cloth. Other solvents, such as alcohols (e.g., ethanol, etc.) and organic solvents (e.g., toluene), may be used in various embodiments as well.
Several illustrative, non-limiting examples were made in accordance with certain exemplary embodiments.
A coating formulation obtained from Dymax Corporation was used to protect low-E surface in this example. Speed Mask 713-gel supplied by Dymax was applied to low-E surface by wire wound rod coating method and cured by exposure to UV radiation for about 3 minutes. The resultant coating was removed by exposure to warm water for few seconds followed by washing under running water whereupon the protective coating was completely removed leaving no traces or residue on low-E surface.
A coating formulation obtained from Red Spot was used in this example. The UV cure resin formulation UVB-370 supplied by Red Spot was applied to Guardian's temperable RLE-HT low-e surface by spin coating process. Coating formulation was prepared by mixing n-propanol with 10% by weight of UVB-370. A protective coating was formed by applying the coating formulation at 500 rpm for 30 sec where upon solvent evaporated to form a wet UV cure coating. It was then exposed to UV radiation for about 3 minutes to form a water clear protective coating. The protective coating was removed by combustion process by firing the coated glass at 650° C. for about 8 minutes whereupon the protective cleanly burned off.
While the invention has been described in connection with what is presently considered to be the most practical and preferred embodiment, it is to be understood that the invention is not to be limited to the disclosed embodiment, but on the contrary, is intended to cover various modifications and equivalent arrangements included within the spirit and scope of the appended claims. Furthermore, all numerical values and ranges are approximate and include some variation and/or deviation therefrom.
This application claims the benefit of priority to U.S. Patent Application No. 60/935,404 filed Aug. 10, 2007, which is incorporated by reference in its entirety.
| Number | Date | Country | |
|---|---|---|---|
| 60935404 | Aug 2007 | US |
