Patent Application
20240140070
This invention relates to cross-linked polyethylene (PEX) inner layer tubing having a welded aluminum tube as a reinforcement center and an energy absorbing outer polyethylene layer.
Many cross-linked polyethylene (PEX) materials for conduit, pipe, and/or tubing have been proposed and offered, usually having a specific structure and/or utility. For example, PEX material having corrosive resistance properties have been utilized and incorporated into the manufacture of PEX for end-use as tubing in a variety of fluid-carrying systems, including water transport. Other properties, such as relative rigidity or flexibility, have been utilized and incorporated into such manufactures of PEX-type tubing. However, several desirable properties have not been utilized.
Accordingly, there is an unresolved need to provide improved cross-linked polyethylene (PEX) tubing.
Example embodiments provide cross-linked polyethylene (PEX) composite tubing comprising an inner PEX layer and an outer polyethylene (PE) layer; an intermediate aluminum tube; and an inner adhesive layer and an outer adhesive layer, wherein the adhesive layers enveloping the intermediate aluminum tube.
In one embodiment, the intermediate aluminum tube comprises soft aluminum strips.
In another embodiment, the outer polyethylene layer comprises carbon black particles dispersed therewith. In another embodiment, the carbon black particles comprise approximately 20% by weight of the total weight of the outer polyethylene (PE) layer.
A method of making cross-linked polyethylene (PEX) tubing having a welded aluminum tube as a reinforcing layer comprising the steps of: forming an inner PEX layer from cross-linked polyethylene material with required catalyst; forming an intermediate welded aluminum tube from soft aluminum strips; extruding an inner adhesive layer and an outer adhesive layer from grafted linear low density polyethylene; enveloping the intermediate aluminum tube with the inner adhesive layer and the outer adhesive layer; forming an outer polyethylene layer from polyethylene material; joining the inner adhesive layer and the inner PEX layer; and joining the outer adhesive layer and the outer polyethylene layer.
The method may further comprise the step of: adding carbon black particles to the cross-linked polyethylene material.
The method may further comprise the step of: adding 2.0%±0.50% by weight of carbon black particles to the cross-linked polyethylene material used in forming the inner cross-linked polyethylene layer.
The method may further comprise the step of: adding approximately 20.0%±1.0% by weight of carbon black particles to the polyethylene material used in forming the outer polyethylene layer.
In accordance to another embodiment, a cross-linked polyethylene (PEX) composite tubing comprises an inner PEX layer, an outer polyethylene layer, an intermediate metal tube having a thermal conductivity (BTU/(hr·ft·° F.)) measure greater than 150, and inner and outer adhesive layers enveloping the intermediate metal tube. The intermediate metal tube comprises a copper tube.
A method of making cross-linked polyethylene (PEX) tubing having a welded copper tube as a reinforcing layer comprising the step of adding carbon black particles to the cross-linked polyethylene material.
It will be readily understood that the components of the present invention, as generally described and illustrated in the figures herein, may be arranged and designed in a wide variety of different configurations.
Thus, the following detailed description of the embodiments as represented in the attached figures, is not intended to limit the scope of the invention as claimed, but is merely representative of selected embodiments of the invention.
The features, structures, or characteristics of the invention described throughout this specification may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments. For example, the usage of the phrases “example embodiments”, “some embodiments”, or other similar language, throughout this specification refers to the fact that a particular feature, structure, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment may be included in at least one embodiment of the present invention. Thus, appearances of the phrases “example embodiments”, “in some embodiments”, “in other embodiments”, or other similar language, throughout this specification do not necessarily all refer to the same group of embodiments, and the described features, structures, or characteristics may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments.
As generally depicted in the figures, pipe, conduit, or tubing may be manufactured from polyethylene (PE) in combination with composite material and carbon black. Ethylene monomer is polymerized to manufacture polyethylene, which is then cross-linked at a selected stage to change the structure from a thermoplastic (moldable) to a thermoset (rigid), thereby increasing high temperature properties, chemical resistance, and permanent physical deformity.
In particular, the cross-linked polyethylene (PEX) composite tubing 10 described herein includes an inner PEX layer 12, an outer polyethylene layer 20, an intermediate aluminum tube 16, and inner 14 and outer 18 adhesive layers enveloping the intermediate aluminum tube 16.
In one embodiment, consistent with
The inner 14 and outer 18 adhesive layers may be manufactured from grafted low density polyethylene (LDPE), and preferably linear low density polyethylene (LLDPE). The LLDPE may be grafted with, for example, at least one of maleic anhydride, butyl acrylate, acrylic acid, and ethyl acrylate using a catalyst (e.g., a peroxide) present in a concentration ranging from about 0.01 to about 1.0% by weight. The catalyst may comprise benzoyl peroxide, 1-butyl hydroperoxide, methyl ethyl ketone peroxide and/or combinations thereof. The LLDPE interacts with the PEX-material of the inner layer 12 and the outer layer 20 to form multiple layers of tubing 10. The adhesive layers 14 and 18 are formed, or more specifically, extruded, to create an envelope surrounding the aluminum tube 16 and to join the inner PEX layer 12 to the inner adhesive layer 14 and join the outer polyethylene layer 20 to the outer adhesive layer 18. It is envisioned that the aluminum tube 16 comprises soft aluminum strips that provides additional mechanical strength to the tubing 10 structure.
It is envisioned that the tubing 10 may be manufactured by the addition of carbon black to the PEX-material used for extruding the inner and outer layers 12 and 20. In particular, one embodiment includes the production of a PEX-material composition having a pre-defined percentage of fine particles of carbon black material dispersed through the PEX-material product. More particularly, a pre-determined percentage by weight of carbon black material is added to a pre-determined percentage by weight of PEX-material to manufacture a master batch blend for use in the inner layer 12 and/or outer layer 20 of tubing 10. In one particular embodiment, the carbon black material is added (by a pre-determined percentage by weight) to the PEX-material for manufacture of the outer layer 20, thereby dispersing the carbon black particles throughout the outer layer 20 and providing a means for dissipating thermal energy through the tubing 10 via the carbon black particles. It is envisioned that the outer layer 20 PEX-material infused with carbon black particles will operate as a screen and also absorb ultraviolet (UV) radiation that is transformed into thermal energy dissipated throughout the tubing 10.
In one embodiment, the carbon black material comprises approximately 20.0% (by weight) of the outer layer 20 of PEX-material. At approximately 20.0% (by weight), the PEX-material infused with carbon black particles optimizes temperature absorption, including any energy converted from ultraviolet UV or other energy absorbed by the tubing 10.
In accordance to another embodiment, a pre-determined percentage by weight of carbon black material is added to a pre-determined percentage by weight of PEX-material to manufacture a master batch blend for use in the inner layer 12 of tubing 10. In one particular embodiment, the carbon black material is added (by a pre-determined percentage by weight) to the PEX-material for manufacture of the inner layer 12, thereby dispersing the carbon black particles throughout the inner layer 12 and providing a means for dissipating thermal energy through the tubing 10 via the carbon black particles.
According to another embodiment, the carbon black material comprises approximately 2.0%±0.50% by weight of the inner layer 12 of PEX-material.
In accordance to another embodiment depicted in
In view of copper being a very good electrical conductor, electrical current may be passed through the copper tube 116a via an electrical power source, thus enabling the copper tube 116a to be heated, and thereby preventing the PEX composite tubing 100 from freezing in extremely frigid environments (<32° F./0° C.).
In addition, because copper has a low coefficient of thermal expansion, the copper tubing 116a would be highly resistant to expanding upon being heated.
Consistent with
The inner 114 and outer 118 adhesive layers may be manufactured from grafted low density polyethylene (LDPE), and preferably linear low density polyethylene (LLDPE). The LLDPE may be grafted with, for example, at least one of maleic anhydride, butyl acrylate, acrylic acid, and ethyl acrylate using a catalyst (e.g., a peroxide) present in a concentration ranging from about 0.01 to about 1.0% by weight. The catalyst may comprise benzoyl peroxide, 1-butyl hydroperoxide, methyl ethyl ketone peroxide and/or combinations thereof. The LLDPE interacts with the PEX-material of the inner layer 112 and the outer layer 120 to form multiple layers of tubing 100. The adhesive layers 114 and 118 are formed, or more specifically, extruded, to create an envelope surrounding the copper tube 116 and to join the inner PEX layer 112 to the inner adhesive layer 114 and join the outer polyethylene layer 120 to the outer adhesive layer 118. It is envisioned that the copper tube 116a comprises copper strips imparting additional mechanical strength to the tubing 100 structure. Each copper strip is ultrasonically welded on line at a speed of four (4) to nine (9) meters per minute, leaving a surface finish of each copper strip being 100% free of oil, dust, and water, nonoxidizing, and edges being smoothly slitted and absent of burrs.
It is envisioned that the tubing 100 may be manufactured by the addition of carbon black to the PEX-material used for extruding the inner and outer layers 112 and 120. In particular, one embodiment includes the production of a PEX-material composition having a pre-defined percentage of fine particles of carbon black material dispersed through the PEX-material product. More particularly, a pre-determined percentage by weight of carbon black material is added to a pre-determined percentage by weight of PEX-material to manufacture a master batch blend for use in the inner layer 112 and/or outer layer 120 of tubing 100. In one particular embodiment, the carbon black material is added (by a pre-determined percentage by weight) to the PEX-material for manufacture of the outer layer 120, thereby dispersing the carbon black particles throughout the outer layer 120 and providing a means for dissipating thermal energy through the tubing 100 via the carbon black particles. It is envisioned that the outer layer 120 PEX-material infused with carbon black particles will operate as a screen and also absorb ultraviolet (UV) radiation that is transformed into thermal energy dissipated throughout the tubing 100.
In one embodiment, the carbon black material comprises approximately 20.0% (by weight) of the outer layer 120 of PEX-material. At approximately 20.0% (by weight), the PEX-material infused with carbon black particles optimizes temperature absorption, including any energy converted from ultraviolet UV or other energy absorbed by the tubing 100.
In accordance to another embodiment, a pre-determined percentage by weight of carbon black material is added to a pre-determined percentage by weight of PEX-material to manufacture a master batch blend for use in the inner layer 112 of tubing 100. In one particular embodiment, the carbon black material is added (by a pre-determined percentage by weight) to the PEX-material for manufacture of the inner layer 112, thereby dispersing the carbon black particles throughout the inner layer 112 and providing a means for dissipating thermal energy through the tubing 100 via the carbon black particles.
According to another embodiment, the carbon black material comprises approximately 2.0%±0.50% by weight of the inner layer 112 of PEX-material.
A method of making cross-linked polyethylene (PEX) tubing 100 having a welded copper tube 116a as a reinforcing layer comprising the steps of: forming an inner PEX layer 112 from cross-linked polyethylene material with required catalyst; forming an intermediate welded copper tube 116a from copper strips 116a; extruding an inner 114 adhesive layer and an outer 118 adhesive layer from grafted linear low density polyethylene; enveloping the intermediate copper tube with the inner 114 adhesive layer and the outer 118 adhesive layer; forming an outer polyethylene layer 120 from polyethylene material; joining the inner 114 adhesive layer and the inner PEX layer 112; and joining the outer 118 adhesive layer and the outer polyethylene layer 120.
The method may further comprise the step of: adding carbon black particles to the cross-linked polyethylene material.
The method may further comprise the step of: adding 2.0%±0.50% by weight of carbon black particles to the cross-linked polyethylene material used in forming the inner cross-linked polyethylene layer 112.
The method may further comprise the step of: adding approximately 20.0%±1.0% by weight of carbon black particles to the polyethylene material used in forming the outer polyethylene layer 120.
It is to be understood that the embodiments and claims are not limited in application to the details of construction and arrangement of the components set forth in the description and/or illustrated in drawings. Rather, the description and/or the drawings provide examples of the embodiments envisioned, but the claims are not limited to any particular embodiment or a preferred embodiment disclosed and/or identified in the specification. Any drawing figures that may be provided are for illustrative purposes only, and merely provide practical examples of the invention disclosed herein. Therefore, any drawing figures provided should not be viewed as restricting the scope of the claims to what is depicted.
The embodiments and claims disclosed herein are further capable of other embodiments and of being practiced and carried out in various ways, including various combinations and sub-combinations of the features described above but that may not have been explicitly disclosed in specific combinations and sub-combinations.
Accordingly, those skilled in the art will appreciate that the conception upon which the embodiments and claims are based may be readily utilized as a basis for the design of other structures, methods, and systems. In addition, it is to be understood that the phraseology and terminology employed herein are for the purposes of description and should not be regarded as limiting the claims.
The present application is a Continuation-in-Part of U.S. Non-provisional Patent Application Ser. No. 17/202750, filed on Mar. 16,2021, the entire contents of which is incorporated herein by reference.
| Number | Date | Country | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Parent | 16377461 | Apr 2019 | US |
| Child | 17202750 | US |
| Number | Date | Country | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Parent | 17202750 | Mar 2021 | US |
| Child | 18403859 | US |
