Patent Application
20050240300
The system generally relates to CNC router equipment and processes for fabricating sheet components from a sheet of material.
It is well-known in furniture and cabinet manufacturing facilities to utilize Computer Numerical Controlled (CNC) machines in the fabrication of components such as furniture and cabinets. The usual tool used in such operations is a CNC router. A CNC router includes a table having a vacuum or clamping system that holds a sheet down on the table by suction applied to the sheet through holes in the table. A cutting head is movable through at least three axes, and in some case five to six axes, to control the positioning of the cutting tool. The cutting head will typically have one cutting tool mounted in it which tool will be selected depending on the manufacturing operation desired. The cutting tools range in size and provide different edge contours as may be desired in the finished product.
To achieve maximum efficiency in the use of raw materials, programs have been developed to utilize as much of a sheet of material as possible, by laying out a number of components to be made from the sheet, a process which is known as “nesting.” In the nesting process, the components are arranged so that when cut from a sheet of material there is as little scrap generated as is possible.
Once the particular sizes of various pieces are determined, a software program may be used to layout a cutting strategy for the sheet material such that the desired components may be cut from that sheet with a minimum of waste. The individual pieces are then cut out of the sheet. Each piece may then be further machined, for example, to add a decorative pattern to each piece.
A problem faced by these systems is that once the front of the sheet material is machined, each individual component is cut out of the sheet. In order to machine the rear face of each component, all of the components must be removed from the CNC router and then they must be individually repositioned so that a selected point is aligned with a zero axis point of the CNC router. The machine operator must input which component is being placed at the zero axis point so that the CNC machine will know the proper program to run for machining the back side of the piece. This is time consuming and labor intensive resulting in increased manufacturing costs. In addition, the method allows for operator error if the operator selects the wrong machining instructions for the component, resulting in wasted material.
What is desired then is a system that eliminates the need for placing individual cut pieces at a zero axis in order to machine the back side of the piece.
It is still further desired to provide a system that will minimize operator error in machining sheets of material with a CNC machine.
It is an object of the invention to provide a system and method that permits machining operations on both sides of a large sheet of material, to avoid the need for rear face machining of components on an individual basis.
This and other objects are achieved by providing a method of CNC routing that will cut a first and then a second side of a sheet of material. Nested pieces on the sheet material are not severed from the sheet when the first side is machined. After operations are completed on the first side of the sheet, the sheet is removed, inverted by flipping over and replaced in the CNC router so that the opposite sides may be machined or cut. The CNC router severs the individual pieces from the sheet when the opposite side is machined such that that may be individually removed in an essentially complete state.
To accomplish this, the system determines at least one set of coordinates corresponding to at least one piece nested in the sheet. The at least one set of coordinates is then transposed to what is essentially a mirror image of the original coordinates to control cutting or machining of the reverse side. In order for the transposed coordinates to accurately line up with the first side coordinates, the operator places a corner of the flipped sheet at a zero axis point of the CNC router table. The system may then accurately use the transposed coordinates for the reverse side.
In one advantageous embodiment a method of manufacturing a plurality of sheet components is provided comprising the steps of placing a sheet of material onto a table of a CNC router with a first side of the sheet of material facing a cutting tool of the CNC router, with a selected point on the sheet of material being positioned at a zero axis point of said CNC router, and cutting the first side of the sheet of material along an X, Y and Z axis of the sheet of material with the cutting tool to define one or more of a plurality of sheet components. The method further comprises the steps of removing the sheet of material from the table of the CNC router, inverting the sheet of material, and placing the inverted sheet material onto the table of the CNC router such that a second side of the sheet of material faces the cutting tool, the zero axis point being repositioned to be located at a location of the selected point on the inverted sheet of material. The method still further comprises the step of cutting the second side of the sheet of material along the X, Y and Z axis of the sheet of material with the cutting tool such that the plurality of sheet components are severed from the sheet of material.
In another advantageous embodiment a system for automatically cutting a sheet of material is provided comprising a table for receiving the sheet of material, and at least one cutting device for cutting the sheet of material. The system further comprises a controller for controlling the cutting device nesting plurality of sheet components on and for cutting both a first and a second side of the sheet of material and for controlling the cutting device along the X, Y and Z axis of the sheet of material. The system is still further provided such that both the first and second sides of the sheet of material are cut prior to any plurality of sheet components being separated from the sheet of material.
In still another advantageous embodiment a method of manufacturing a plurality of sheet components is provided comprising the steps of placing a sheet of material onto a table of a CNC router with a first side of the sheet of material facing a cutting tool of the CNC router, with a selected point on the sheet of material being positioned at a zero axis point of the CNC router, and cutting the first side of the sheet of material along an X, Y and Z axis of the sheet of material with the cutting tool to define a one or more of a plurality of sheet components. The method further comprises the steps of removing the sheet of material from the table of the CNC router, inverting the sheet of material, and placing the inverted sheet material onto the table of the CNC router such that a second side of the sheet of material faces the cutting tool, the zero axis point being repositioned to be located at a location of the selected point on the inverted sheet of material. The method still further comprises the steps of cutting the second side of the sheet of material along the X, Y and Z axis of the sheet of material with the cutting tool such that the plurality of sheet components are severed from the sheet of material during the second side cutting.
In another aspect of the invention, software for creating instructions for a CNC router to cut a plurality of sheet components from a sheet material is provided. The software provides a graphic display of the operations of a cutting tool on the sheet material to an operator prior to cutting of the sheet of material.
In still another advantageous embodiment a process of making a cabinet door is provided comprising the steps of placing a wooden sheet onto a table of a CNC router with a first side of the wooden sheet facing a cutting tool of said CNC router, with a selected point on said wooden sheet being positioned at a zero axis point of said CNC router, and cutting the first side of the sheet of material along an X, Y and Z axis of the wooden sheet with the cutting tool to define components of at least one cabinet door. The method further comprises the steps of removing the wooden sheet from the table of said CNC router, inverting the wooden sheet, and placing the inverted wooden sheet onto the table of the CNC router such that a second side of the sheet of material faces the cutting tool, the zero axis point being repositioned to be located at a location of the selected point on the inverted wooden sheet. The method still further comprises the step of cutting the second side of the wooden sheet along the X, Y and Z axis of the wooden sheet with the cutting tool such that the components of at least one cabinet door are severed from the sheet of material during the second side cutting.
The invention and its particular features and advantages will become more apparent form the following detailed description considered with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Referring now to the drawings, wherein like reference numerals designate corresponding structure throughout the views.
Referring now to
Initially an operator (not shown) places a sheet of material in a holder 106 of cutting system 100. The holder 106 typically comprises a table of a CNC router which is a large flat surface with raised edges 108 for ease of alignment of the sheet of material 10 therein (
The operator (not shown) also provides various operator inputs 112 to cutting system 100. These operator inputs 112 may comprise information relating to the cutting of the sheet of material 10 such as for instance, the type and shape of the pieces to cut, the size of the pieces, any designs or decorative effects to cut into the surface of the pieces, or any other information related to the pieces to be cut. The operator (not shown) may manually input this information or may simply select pre-programmed designs from a list of cutting system programs or combinations thereof. It should further be noted that the operator may provide operator input 112 to cutting system 100 via a client workstation (not shown) which may comprise or include, for instance, a personal computer running the Microsoft Windows®. 95, 98, 2000, Millenium®, NT®, Windows CE®, Palm® OS, Unix®, Linux®, Solaris®, OS/2®, BeOS®, MacOS® or other operating system or platform. The client workstation (not shown) may also be or include any microprocessor-based machine such as an Intel® x86-based device or Motorola 68K or PowerPC device, microcontroller or other general or special purpose device operating under programmed control.
Still further, it is contemplated that the client workstation (not shown) may be located either adjacent to remotely located from cutting system 100 and connected to cutting system 100 via a communications link (not shown). The communications link (not shown) may be or include any one or more of, for instance, the Internet, an intranet, a LAN (Local Area Network), a WAN (Wide Area Network) or a MAN (Metropolitan Area Network), a frame relay connection, an Advanced Intelligent Network (AIN) connection, a synchronous optical network (SONET) connection, a digital T1, T3 or E1 line, Digital Data Service (DDS) connection, DSL (Digital Subscriber Line) connection, an Ethernet connection, an ATM (Asynchronous Transfer Mode) connection, FDDI (Fiber Distributed Data Interface) or CDDI (Copper Distributed Data Interface) connections.
The operator or software may determine an optimal component layout on a sheet, requiring a nested series of manufacturing operations.
Once the pieces are nested and the design or pattern is selected, the controller 102 controls cutting device 104 to cut the front side of the sheet material 10. The controller 102 uses the zero axis point 110 as a starting reference point to cut or machine the sheet of material 10 along selected coordinates. The controller 102 will control cutting device 104 along the X, Y and Z axis of the sheet of material 10 to generate the desired patterns and shapes for the pieces.
Notably, cutting device 104 does not sever the pieces from the sheet of material 10 when cutting the first side of the sheet. This allows the operator (not shown) to remove the entire sheet of material 10 at once and flip it over for replacement in holder 106. This is a very big advantage because it saves time in the manufacturing process where the operator does not have to gather up all the individual pieces and individually place them in holder 106 at zero axis point 110 for cutting or machining of the opposite side of the pieces. Another advantage of the system is that it eliminates operator error because the entire sheet is simply inverted and replaced. In known systems, each piece must individually be inverted and placed at the zero axis point 110. This has the definite potential of resulting in the placement of the wrong piece for cutting when multiple different pieces may be cut from the sheet of material 10
These problems are eliminated by provision of simply inverting the entire sheet of material 10 with all the pieces “A” through “J” still attached thereto (
Controller 102 will mirror the coordinates corresponding to pieces “A” through “J” for cutting or machining of the opposite sides of the pieces. Controller 102 then operates cutting device 104 to cut or machine the second side of the sheet of material 10 to machine any desired designs or patterns into the back sides of the pieces and further severs the individual pieces from the sheet of material 10 such that the operator may remove them from holder 106 in an essentially finished state.
First the cutting system is initiated 120, which may include connecting to any workstations and/or databases and storages devices to access run programs. The operator inserts the sheet of material with the first side facing the cutting tool into the holder at the zero axis point 122.
The operator then may select the desired cutting pattern. As previously described, this may include simply selected a pre-programmed cutting solution or may comprise any custom cutting or machining desired or even combinations thereof. The operator may access lists of programs and visually look at a graphic depiction of each piece prior to cutting or machining and make any adjustment desired.
The controller then operates the cutting device to cut the first side of the sheet material based upon the cutting pattern provided by program 128. As previously explained, the cutting device does not sever the individual pieces from the sheet of material at this time. Rather, the cutting device provides all the desired cutting or machining to the first side of the sheet of material leaving the severing to a later step.
Once all of the cutting or machining is completed on the first side, the operator removes and inverts the sheet of material and replaces it at the zero axis point with the second side facing the cutting device 130. The controller then mirrors at least some of the coordinates corresponding to the pieces to nest the pieces on the second side of the sheet material 132. The controller then operates the cutting device to cut or machine the second side of the sheet material based upon the nesting and selected program such that the pieces are then severed from the sheet material 134. At this point the individual pieces are essentially complete and the operator removes the severed pieces from the cutting system 136 for assembly.
The present invention includes software for creating instructions for a CNC router to cut a plurality of sheet components from a sheet material 10, which provides a graphic display 190 of the operations of at least one cutting tool 170, which may comprise various on the sheet material 10 to an operator prior to cutting of the sheet of material as illustrated in
The inventive system then provides for lower manufacturing costs as the system can cut or machine pieces much quicker than conventional machines and results in fewer operator mistakes which also lowers costs associated with manufacture. It is further contemplated that less training will be required by the operator as his function may be limited to simply loading, inverting and removing the finished pieces and would not have to insert the correct pieces for the program to be run. This again may result in cost savings as less skilled and therefore less expensive operators may be used to run cutting system 100.
Although the invention has been described with reference to particular ingredients and formulations and the like, these are not intended to exhaust all possible arrangements or features, and indeed many other modifications and variations will be ascertainable to those of skill in the art.
