Patent Application
20100138321
The invention relates generally to the field of postage stamps and more particularly, to postage stamps having Information Based Indicia.
It is a common practice throughout the world to use postage stamps as an indication that postage has been paid for the delivery of a mailpiece. These postage stamps are typically produced and issued by a government agency and procured for use by the general public. The postage stamps can either be obtained at a local post office or can be procured out of a postal vending machine. Moreover, for certain holidays or for certain special events the postal authority often produces a limited number of special edition or commemorative stamps which are distributed for sale and used for the payment of postage or alternatively are saved as a collector's item.
Post Offices have also found that it is desirable to permit a consumer to obtain a postage stamp which can be personally customized in appearance by the consumer.
Currently the United States Postal Services allows mailers to use their desktop computer and printer to apply postage in the form of an Information-Based Indicia (IBI) directly onto envelopes or labels while applying an address. The IBI consists of a two-dimensional bar code containing eighty nine bytes of information about the mail piece and certain human-readable information. The indicium includes a digital signature to preclude the forgery of indicia by unauthorized parties.
The IBI technology of the United States Postal Service (USPS) offers the postal customer a way to pay for postage without stamps. Envelopes are franked using the postal customer's personal computer, a local or remote Postal Security Device add-on, and the customer's printer. The Postal Security Device provides postal value storage and the link to the USPS and the manufacturer of the personal computer compatible add-on.
Presently, not every mailpiece is scanned by the USPS. Because of this, it is impossible to use the originator information in an IBI to charge the originator for the postage. The foregoing is one reason why the USPS requires the postage to be pre-paid before the mailpiece enters the mail stream.
At this time the USPS is interested in increasing their retail presence and availability of postal products. The USPS permits several different modes for paying for postage, which include postal indicia, permit mail, and stamps. None of the above is conducive to selling at a retail environment. Postal indicia require a meter that ties up funds in a prepaid account and produces a monochromatic imprint that is not considered appropriate for personal mail. Permit mail requires extensive processes for controlled acceptance, requires a minimum number of mailpieces be inducted simultaneously and is even less appropriate for personal mail. Stamps are appropriate for personal mail, but since they are actual payment for postage, instead of evidence of payment like indicia or paid at controlled acceptance like permit mail, retailers do not like to use stamps. There are three issues which prevent retailers from carrying stamps: cost of inventory, risk of theft, and inventory can become outdated after postal rate changes.
Stamps tie up retailer funds in inventory and are perceived to be a primary target for theft since they equate to a cash value. Also, in order to have a diverse inventory of stamp pictures, even more stamps must be tied up in inventory. As a result, retailers often provide minimum service by only having one type of stamp (e.g. books of twenty standard 1-ounce rate flag stamps) to limit their inventory costs.
The risk of theft is another deterrent for retailers to carry stamps. Stolen stamps are still genuine postage and cannot be differentiated from stamps that were obtained legally. Therefore, they cannot be “deactivated” nor can they even be individually traced. To prevent theft, retailers are required to lock up their stamps in drawers under the supervision of cashiers and frequently audit stamp inventory. As a result, they miss an opportunity on the visual advertising aspects, of the impulse buyers, and other marketing techniques. Buyers are often not even aware that the store sells stamps unless they ask.
The final problem is that stamps lose their usefulness after a postal rate change. Forever stamps do not lose their usefulness after a rate change, but are only available in limited styles and application (e.g. one ounce first class rate). Stamps other than forever stamps (e.g. special value stamps or stamps with a vanity/special image) are still valid postage for the value indicated on the stamp, but very few people want to have to buy stamps with the “old rate” and buy “make-up rate” stamps in addition. Therefore, the retailers will end up with undesired postage after a postal rate change and will also need to carry rate makeup stamps in addition.
Customized Postage, such as Pitney Bowes Stamp Expressions Sheet of Stamps product, is created with an Information Based Indicia (IBI) that has a unique identification (ID) consisting of the meter vendor ID, meter ID, and a piece count. This ID is unique and therefore individually identifiable. However, there is no current method to differentiate legally purchased Customized Postage from stolen Customized Postage. Likewise, since these stamps are created from a meter in a similar process as an indicium, the postal value has already been paid to the USPS, so it does not solve the problem of the retailer tying up funds in postage.
One of the disadvantages of the prior art is that currently customized postage stamps must be paid for prior to the stamps printing.
Another disadvantage of the prior art is that customized postage stamps may be printed at retail stores on-demand, but only if strict procedures are adhered to.
A further disadvantage of the prior art is that under current regulations unused customized postage stamps are not refundable.
A still further disadvantage of the prior art is that is that for seasonal offerings a retailer may tie up funds for over a year if they are to use the stamps again, and a rate change is likely to make the stamps undesirable.
An additional disadvantage of the prior art is that special event customized stamp inventory will be useless shortly after the event.
Another disadvantage of the prior art is that retailers may not want to inventory customized postage stamps near the time of an impending rate change.
This invention overcomes the disadvantages of the prior art by providing a method that solves the problems of inventory cost, risk of theft, and outdated inventory, for customized postage stamps containing an IBI and/or any postage stamp containing an IBI. This invention adds the IBI identification code appearing on customized postage stamps to a duplicates database that is currently maintained by the USPS to invalidate the stamps at their creation, and then removes the IBI identification code from the duplicates database to validate the stamps at some later point after they have been properly purchased. Whenever the IBI identification code appearing on customized postage stamps is scanned, the duplicate detection process determines that if the IBI identification code is found in the duplicates database (which indicates it is either a duplicate or has not yet been activated). If the mailpiece containing the IBI identification code is found in the duplicates database, the mailpiece is removed from the mail stream and held pending a fraud or theft investigation. If it is not in the duplicates database, it is added to the database to prevent its reuse.
Payment for postage may be made by a retail merchant at the point of sale, by a purchaser after the sale, or when the customized postage stamp is scanned by the post. In the preferred embodiment, the entity that pays the post for the postage is a third party, but it may also be the retailer or even the purchaser.
An advantage of this invention is that it solves the problems of inventory cost, risk of theft, and outdated inventory by: enabling postal payment for customized postage stamps to be made at some point after the actual printing of the stamps, such as the point of sale, prior to the stamps entering the mail stream or when the stamps are scanned by the posts during the delivery process. Thus, the customized postage stamp has no postal value until after it has been properly purchased.
An additional advantage of this invention is that it enables detection of customized postage stamps that have been stolen so that the mail pieces that the stamps are affixed to may be removed from the mail stream and potentially initiate a fraud or theft investigation.
A further advantage of this invention is that since the postal payment is not made until the stamps are sold to a customer at a retail establishment or at a later time, the customized postage stamps may be used as “forever stamps,” marked for their particular purpose (e.g. first class one ounce rate), and charged the current cost for that rate.
A still further advantage of this invention is that it enables the stamps to be used for multiple denominations through the use of a database lookup that correlates the customized postage ID to the actual postage amount.
Referring now to the drawings in detail, and more particularly to
It would be obvious to one skilled in the art that bar code 13 may be implemented by any character string, linear barcode, 4-state barcode, steganographic mark (e.g., a watermark in an image), embedded within an RFID tag or any other symbology.
Printer 52 of meter 54 will be able to print stamps 12 containing two dimensional bar codes 13 (
It should be noted that meter 54 may be located in a single location or distributed between multiple locations. For example the postage printer 52 may be located at a retail establishment or distribution center while supplier's computer 50 and PSD 51 may be located within a postage vendor's data center. Similarly computer 50 and printer 52 may be located at a retail establishment while PSD 51 is located within a postage vendor's or postal data center. It should also be noted that PSD 51 may be a physical device, a software module or a combination of the two.
If meter 54 is not located at a retail establishment, stamps 12 are distributed to retail outlet where stamps 12 are scanned by point of sale scanner 60. When a customer purchases stamps 12 using cash, the payment is noted by electronic cash register 61 and notification of the payment is transmitted to computer 50 via the Internet. When a customer purchases stamps 12 using a credit card, the retailer checks the customer's credit by utilizing credit card authorization terminal 62 and receives a favorable or unfavorable response from a credit card authorization bureau via the Internet. Electronic cash register 61 is notified of the credit card purchase and transmits the purchase information to computer 50 via the Internet. Computer 50 transmits the information contained in bar codes 13 that uniquely identifies stamps 12 to computer 55. Computer 55 will then remove the unique identifiers contained in two dimensional bar code 13 that uniquely identifies stamps 12 from the duplicates database 56 to activate stamps 12. For cash and credit card purchases of stamps 12, electronic cash register 61 will cause receipt printer 63 to print a receipt for the stamps purchased. Mailpiece 11 containing stamp 12 will be scanned by postal scanner 65, and this information contained on stamp 12 will be transmitted to postal computer 55.
At this point the output from step 210 is transmitted to the input of step 250. Steps 250 through steps 262 are steps that will be taken by the post. Step 250 determines whether or not there are duplicate customized postage identification numbers that already exist in duplicates database 56. If it is determined that there are duplicate customized post identifications then the next step will be step 254. In step 254 the post investigates the cause of duplicate customized postage identifications, either system errors (e.g., retransmission) or potential fraudulent use of customized postage. In the event that Step 250 determines that there are no duplicate customized postage identifications then the next step in the process is step 252. In Step 252 the postal computer 55 adds the customized postage identification to the duplicates database 56. Then the next step is step 256. Step 256 determines whether or not the customized postage identifications have been successfully added. If step 256 determines that the customized postage identifications have not been successfully added the next step will be step 258 where the post investigates and fixes any problems. After the conclusion of step 258 the process will go back to step 252. If step 256 determines that customized postage identifications have been successfully added then the next step in the process will be step 260. In step 260 the post issues a credit to the customized postage supplier's meter 54 account. Then the next step in the process will be step 262 where the post notifies customized postage supplier's meter 54 that the customized postage identifications have been successfully uploaded and added to duplicates database 56, clearing the printed stamps 12 for release to the retailer. This notification will be transmitted to step 214 over a secure communications link.
Alternatively, after the completion of step 210 the next step in the process will be step 212. In step 212 the customized postage is securely stored pending insertion into the post duplicates database 56. The next step will be Step 214. In step 214 the post determines whether or not there has been an authorized release. If Step 214 determines that there has been an authorized release the next step in the process is Step 216 where the customized postage supplier releases the customize postage for distribution. In the event that Step 214 determines that there has not been an authorized release, issued by the post, the process will go back to the input of step 214.
If the sheet of stamps is not stolen at step 304, the next step in the process will be step 316. If at step 316 someone does not purchase the customized postage stamp then the next step in the process is step 318, where the customized postage stamp is returned or destroyed. However, if at step 316, someone purchases the customized postage stamp then the next step in the process will be 330 (
At this point the next step in the process is step 344. In step 344, electronic cash register 61 adds the postage charge and any premium charges, e.g. a service fee and/or retailer's markup, to the transaction. Then in step 346 the customer pays for the entire transaction. Now in step 348 the electronic cash register sends the pending transaction code to the supplier's computer 50. In step 350 the supplier's computer process looks up the pending transaction code and in step 352 postage funds are deducted from meter 54. Now in step 354 the meter encodes transaction information, e.g., by calculating a cryptographic code (message authentication code), as an alpha numeric conformation code. Then in step 356 the supplier's computer transmits the confirmation code to the electronic cash register. In step 358 the supplier's computer 50 transmits the unique identifiers of the purchased stamps 12, as determined in step 334 to postal computer 55. Then in step 360 the post immediately removes the customized postage identifications from the duplicates database 56. In step 362 the electronic cash register 61 prints receipts with an alpha numeric confirmation codes affixed thereto. The alpha numeric codes function as a receipt that the postage has been paid for and that the supplier's computer has informed the postal computer of the unique identifiers of the purchased stamps. Then in step 364 the transaction is complete.
The above specification describes a new and improved method for controlling inventory cost, risk of theft, and outdated inventory, for customized postage stamps containing an IBI and/or any postage stamp containing an IBI. It is realized that the above description may indicate to those skilled in the art additional ways in which the principles of this invention may be used without departing from the spirit. Therefore, it is intended that this invention be limited only by the scope of the appended claims.
