1. Field of the Invention
The present invention relates to a method of processing a wooden piece into a predetermined three dimensional shape by compressing the wooden piece.
2. Description of the Related Art
In recent years, wood which is a natural material attracts attention. With a wide variety of grain patterns, wood products exhibit individual features depending on positions of raw wood from which the particular wood products are cut out. In addition, surface flaws and discolorations caused by a long-term use create unique textures which tend to evoke warm and familiar feeling in the user. Thus, the wooden material attracts attention as a material for products of uniqueness and taste which cannot be found in products made of synthetic resin or light metals. Techniques for processing wooden materials are also developing dramatically.
A method of processing a wooden piece into a predetermined three dimensional shape by compressing the wooden piece according to one aspect of the present invention includes compressing a first wooden piece and a second wooden piece in a water vapor atmosphere of a temperature and a pressure higher than a temperature and a pressure of an atmospheric air, by placing the first and the second wooden pieces one on another, the first wooden piece having a shape including a curved surface, and the second wooden piece having a flat board-like shape in which a large part of fiber components run in a direction substantially parallel to a surface.
The above and other features, advantages and technical and industrial significance of this invention will be better understood by reading the following detailed description of presently preferred embodiments of the invention, when considered in connection with the accompanying drawings.
Exemplary embodiments (hereinafter simply referred to as “embodiments”) of the present invention will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. The drawings to be referred to in the following description are merely schematic, and the dimension and the scale of the same object may be different in different drawings.
In a method of processing a wooden piece according to one embodiment of the present invention, two wooden pieces of predetermined shapes are first cut out from a raw wood (cutting-out process).
The wooden piece 11 is a flat-grain piece cut out in such a manner that the curvature of a side surface thereof is generally larger than the curvature of the grain pattern G appears on the side surface, as shown in
On the other hand, the wooden piece 12 is a straight-grain piece cut out in such a manner that the grain pattern runs substantially parallel with a lengthwise direction thereof as shown in
An area of one surface of the rectangular wooden piece 12 is larger than an area of a plane surrounded by the outer periphery of the end surface 11t of the wooden piece 11. Therefore, the end surface 11t of the wooden piece 11 can be kept in contact with the surface of the wooden piece 12 during the compression process described later, whereby the end surface 11t can be compressed accurately.
The raw wood 10 which is a raw material of the wooden pieces 11 and 12 may be an optimal one selected from Japanese cedar, hiba cedar, paulownia, Japanese cypress, pine, cherry, zelkova, ebony wood, palisander, bamboo, teak, mahogany, and rosewood depending on the purpose of use and the like of the processed wooden piece. The wooden pieces 11 and 12 may be cut out respectively from different types of the raw wood 10.
The wooden pieces 11 and 12 are then left in a water vapor atmosphere of a temperature and a pressure higher than those of the atmospheric air for a predetermined time period, and sufficiently softened through excessive water absorption (softening process). Here, the high temperature is approximately 100 to 230° C., and preferably approximately 180 to 230° C., and more preferably approximately 180 to 200° C., and the high pressure is approximately 0.1 to 3.0 MPa (megapascal), preferably approximately 0.45 to 2.5 MPa, and more preferably approximately 1.0 to 1.6 MPa. Instead of being left in the water vapor atmosphere as described above for softening, the wooden pieces 11 and 12 may be heated by high-frequency electromagnetic waves such as microwaves for softening.
Subsequently, the wooden pieces 11 and 12 sufficiently softened through the softening process described above are compressed (compression process).
In the compression process, the wooden pieces 11 and 12 are compressed in the water vapor atmosphere the same as that in the softening process. Specifically, at least one of the metal molds 51 and 61 is moved toward the other of the metal molds 51 and 61 so as to sandwich the wooden pieces 11 and 12, and to gradually deform the wooden pieces 11 and 12 into a predetermined three dimensional shape. Here, for the convenience of description, a case where the metal mold 51 is lowered down to the metal mold 61 is described.
During the transition from the state shown in
The area of one surface of the wooden piece 12 is larger than the area of the plane surrounded by the outer periphery of the end surface 11t of the wooden piece 11. Therefore, during the deformation of the wooden piece 11, the end surface 11t of the wooden piece 11 constantly receives the compressive force from the wooden piece 12 while sliding against the lower surface of the wooden piece 12. Thus, since the wooden piece 12 constantly presses the end surface 11t of the wooden piece 11, the wooden piece 11 is prevented from expanding in a direction perpendicular to the thickness direction thereof during the compression process. Therefore, even when the wooden piece 11 undergoes a significant shape change through the compression process, an excessive tensile force does not work on the wooden piece 11 during the compression, whereby the deformation of the wooden piece 11 can be realized with an appropriate compressive force. As a result, it becomes possible to prevent the generation of cracks or the like in the wooden piece 11 in the compression, and the processing yield of the wooden pieces 11 and 12 can be increased.
Depending on the types of the wooden pieces 11 and 12, the sliding resistance may exceed a tolerable range. In such case, it is possible to apply lubricant such as wax on the end surface 11t of the wooden piece 11 and/or the lower surface of the wooden piece 12 so as to decrease the sliding resistance.
The compression process is described next. When the metal mold 51 is further brought closer to the metal mold 61 from the state shown in
After the compressive force is applied to the wooden pieces 11 and 12 in the state shown in
When at least one of the metal molds 51 and 61 is moved to the other mold, an appropriate driving unit may be employed to electrically move the metal mold 51 and/or the metal mold 61, so as to adjust the compressive force applied to the wooden pieces 11 and 12. Alternatively, the metal molds 51 and 61 may be connected with each other by a screw, so that the vertical movement of the metal mold 51 relative to the metal mold 61 can be realized with manual or automatic fastening of the screw.
After the compression process described above, the combined wooden pieces 11 and 12 are shaped into a predetermined three dimensional shape (shaping process). When the compression process is finished, an edge portion of the wooden piece 12 covers the end surface 11t of the wooden piece 11, and further sticks out from the outer periphery of the wooden piece 11 in an outward direction (see
In the embodiment and the drawings, the thickness of the wooden piece 11 and the thickness of the wooden piece 12 are shown as the same. The relation between the thicknesses of the wooden pieces 11 and 12 is not limited thereto, and can be determined according to the materials and required strengths of the wooden pieces 11 and 12 as appropriate.
On the other hand, the cover member 3 which covers a front surface side of the digital camera 100 includes a main plate portion 3a, and side plate portions 3b and 3c corresponding respectively to the main plate portion 1a, the side plate portions 1b and 1c of the compressed wood product 1. In the main plate portion 3a, a circular opening 301 to expose the imaging unit 101 and a rectangular opening 302 to expose the photoflash 102 are formed. Further, in the side plate portion 3b of the cover member 3, a semi-circular cutout 303 which is joined with the cutout 202 of the cover member 2 to form an opening 231 to expose the shutter button 103 is formed. Of wooden pieces 31 and 32 of the cover member 3, the wooden piece 31 corresponds to the wooden piece 11, and the wooden piece 32 corresponds to the wooden piece 12.
The openings and the cutouts of the cover members 2 and 3 may be formed in the shaping process described above through cutting, drilling, or the like. Further, additional openings and cutouts may be formed for an attachment of a finder, or to expose buttons for manual input of instructions. Further, an additional opening may be formed to expose a connection interface (such as a DC input terminal and a USB connection terminal) for an external device. Further, holes for audio output may be formed, for example, as plural small holes so that sound generated by a speaker provided inside the digital camera can be output to the outside.
An electronic device to which the compressed wood product 1 can be applied as a jacket member includes, other than the digital camera 100, various portable communication terminals such as a cellular phone, a personal handy-phone system (PHS), and a personal data assistant (PDA), a portable audio system, an IC recorder, a portable television, a portable radio, a remote control of various consumer electronics, and a digital video. Preferably, when applied to these small portable electronic devices, the compressed wood product 1 is approximately 1.6 to 2.0 mm in thickness.
According to the embodiment of the present invention as described above, a method of processing a wooden piece can be provided. According to this method of processing a wooden piece, the first wooden piece has a shape including a curved surface and the second wooden piece has a board-like shape in which a large part of the fiber components runs in the direction substantially parallel to the surface, and the first wooden piece and the second wooden piece are placed one on another and compressed in the water vapor atmosphere of a temperature and a pressure higher than those of the atmospheric air, whereby a wide variety of grain pattern, easy forming, and increased strength can be realized.
Further, according to the embodiment, the board-like second wooden piece is placed on the dish-like first wooden piece so that the second wooden piece faces the depressed side surface of the first wooden piece, and the first and the second wooden pieces are compressed together, whereby the second wooden piece serves as a backing member of the first wooden piece, and the first wooden piece with an insufficient strength can be properly reinforced by the second wooden piece.
Further, according to the embodiment, the area of a plane surrounded by the outer periphery of the circular closed end surface of the dish-like first wooden piece is made smaller than the area of one surface of the second wooden piece, whereby the first and the second wooden pieces can be compressed while kept in the state where the one surface of the second wooden piece is in contact with the end surface of the first wooden piece. Thus, the generation of cracks or the like in the first wooden piece can be prevented, and the easy forming and increased yield can be realized.
The embodiment of the present invention has been described above. The present invention, however, is not limited only to the embodiment described above. For example, when the board-like second wooden piece has a straight-grain pattern, the second wooden piece after the softening in the softening process may be deformed before the compression process by the application of a compressive force in a direction substantially perpendicular to the direction of the fiber components of the second wooden piece in the same water vapor atmosphere as that in the softening process.
When the wooden piece 12 is placed over the wooden piece 11 (first wooden piece) for the compression process after the pre-compression process described above, the wooden piece 12 naturally expands in the breadthwise direction so as to recover the original interval between the fibers. Therefore, the sliding resistance can be reduced when the end surface 11t of the wooden piece 11 slides against the lower surface of the wooden piece 12 shown, for example, in
Further, when the wooden piece 12 behaves to expand back to the original shape because of the pre-compression process described above, such behavior of the wooden piece 12 naturally absorbs a large tensile stress acting on a portion, which deforms into an outer curved surface, of the wooden piece 12 when the wooden piece 12 deforms in conformity with the surface shapes of the metal molds 51 and 61 during the compression process. Therefore, the excessive tensile stress does not work on this portion of the wooden piece 12, whereby the generation of cracks in the wooden piece 12 can be prevented.
Further, in the pre-compression process, instead of cutting out the wooden piece 12 from the raw wood 10, a long, flat board including the wooden piece 12 may be cut out. In this case, after the softening process and the pre-compression process, the long, flat board may be cut and plural wooden pieces 12 may be formed.
Further, in the present invention, if it is difficult to deform the second wooden piece in a flat board state into a predetermined three dimensional shape only through the compression process, it is possible to deform the second wooden piece into a predetermined shape in the water vapor atmosphere the same as that in the softening process, and place the deformed second wooden piece on the first wooden piece to perform the compression process (second example of the deformation process). In the deformation of the second wooden piece, a compressive force may be applied to the second wooden piece. Alternatively, deformation alone may be performed without the application of a compressive force. Further, in the deformation of the second wooden piece, a metal mold may be used, or alternatively, other appropriate jig may be used.
Further, the first wooden piece applied in the present invention may have a grain pattern other than the flat-grain pattern. For example, the first wooden piece may have a straight-grain pattern, an intermediate grain pattern between the straight-grain and the flat-grain, or an end-grain pattern. On the other hand, a wooden piece with a flat-grain pattern in which the fiber components run along the surface may be employed as the second wooden piece. Further, the surface of the first wooden piece may not be rectangular like the wooden piece 11. The outer circumference of the surface of the first wooden piece may draw a curve like an oval. Thus, a manner of cutting out a wooden piece to be processed from a raw wood in the present invention may be determined according to the purpose of use of the compressed wood product which is obtained as a result of processing of the wooden piece, required strength of the compressed wood product, or a grain pattern desired in the compressed wood product.
Further, in the present invention, a surface of at least one of the first and the second wooden pieces opposing to the other wooden piece may be carbonized. Such treatment is more preferable since a conductive layer can be formed in the compressed wood product, and when the compressed wood product is applied as the jacket member of the electronic device, a function of preventing electromagnetic waves can be given to the jacket member of an electronic device without any influence on the appearance.
Further, in the present invention, rather than being formed from one wooden piece, each of the first and the second wooden pieces may be formed from plural wooden pieces. In particular, if the second wooden piece is formed from plural wooden pieces, it is possible to equalize the strength of the second wooden piece by stacking the plural wooden pieces one on another so that the fiber directions of different wooden pieces intersect with each other. Then the reinforcing effect can be enhanced.
Additional advantages and modifications will readily occur to those skilled in the art. Therefore, the invention in its broader aspects is not limited to the specific details and representative embodiments shown and described herein. Accordingly, various modifications may be made without departing from the spirit or scope of the general inventive concept as defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.
Number | Date | Country | Kind |
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2006-197180 | Jul 2006 | JP | national |
This application is a continuation of PCT international application Ser. PCT/JP2007/063787 filed Jul. 11, 2007 which designates the United States, incorporated herein by reference, and which claims the benefit of priority from Japanese Patent Application No. 2006-197180, filed Jul. 19, 2006, incorporated herein by reference.
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Number | Date | Country | |
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Number | Date | Country | |
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Parent | PCT/JP2007/063787 | Jul 2007 | US |
Child | 12355570 | US |