Patent Grant
10360940
An invention relates to a method of protection of recorded audio CD-R and film DVD-R (DVD5, DVD9) carriers against their unauthorised copying and infringement of copyright. The invention also relates to optical audio discs and video discs with moulded contents as well as matrices for making the said audio discs and video discs that are provided with protection against copying in personal computers (PC).
At present no effective protection exists for works distributed on digital audio-CDs and film DVDs and all up to the date types of protection, such as CSS, RC, RCE, APS, UOPs, ARccOS, Macrovision RipGuard as well as other protection features on logical level and the like are unblocked or cracked by means of suitable software installed on a personal computer, laptop, notebook, desktop and/or on other hardware computer assembly containing internal and/or external devices and/or devices for reading of digital audio CDs and/or film DVDs resulting in a high risk of possibility to process the said works as needed by users of computers with CD, DVD drives or other customer. If the user decides or proceeds to further processing of the subject audio work and/or audiovisual work for handling, transfer, sale, publication, distribution and the like without appropriate license agreements and authorisations it causes gross violation of copyright to the works as well as financial loss of authors, distributors, music production companies, film production companies, rentals of the works and all other involved entities harmed by the unauthorised activity.
At present the most used in the world and wide-spread of carriers is a digital audio CD carrier of audio works in music production and a film DVD carrier of audiovisual works in film production. The said carriers can be played in original audio players or CD players, in DVD players, BlueRay players with backward compatibility for playing film DVDs and audio CDs. Furthermore, digital audio CDs and film DVDs can be played in various PC-CD-DVDs, which contain an internal and/or external drive for reading and/or burning data with appropriate software for playing audio works and/or audiovisual works. Film and music companies from around the world distribute their film audiovisual and/or music audio works on the said film DVD and digital audio CD carriers, in standard formats for the respective disc, and there exists no effective protection of the carriers against pirate copy making of audio works and/or audiovisual works, especially related to PC-CD-DVD and the respective software. Patents granted up to the date, e.g. U.S. Pat. Nos. 5,815,484 A, 5,915,018 A, US20090226659 A1, EP1933317 A1, WO2005017573 A3, WO2001041138 A2 as well as other not cited patents and applications do not address the problem effectively.
Internet shops of various software companies provide special software such as in general software products having names containing words such as Clone, Copy, Grab, Ripper, Shrink, Decrypter, Extractor, Master Editor and the like, serving to modify audio works and/or audiovisual works executable in majority of standard operating systems, such as operating systems from the families of Windows, Linux, Apple, and their various versions and mutation by means of which the user is capable of making illegal copies of the said works. Furthermore, by means of special software they are able to make various editing, such as converting, format changing into a compressed recording, editing, transformation, and the like. By enabling users of PC-CD-DVD to use software programme tools of copying audio works and/or audiovisual works, of cutting, converting, extracting, transforming and other editing of data on CDs or DVDs, they are given an option of advanced editing of the said works by using similar software tools, and by that harming of copyright occurs and at the same time there is also a high risk of leakage of information of the said arbitrarily processed works, especially to a special internet virtual storage available via the internet most commonly by means of anonymous transfer of the said work (upload) from CD, DVD drives of personal computers (laptop, notebook, iPhone, SmartPhone and the like) to the respective storage accessible over the internet. In today's technologies of the internet connection it is very difficult to trace such a user, especially when connection to the internet as well as actual transfer of modified and/or stolen work (upload) is carried out from a publicly accessible and/or by unsecured and/or partially secured Wifi networks available in various shopping centres, catering establishments, stations, gaming houses and the like that nowadays have higher speed connections. Thereafter, from the said virtual storages available over the internet the works are received (downloaded) by other users (mostly anonymously) from different countries from almost all over the world depending upon a demand for a particular audio work and/or audiovisual work. Statistically, the most common audiovisual works modified are in the English language, to which subtitles in different other languages contained in the audiovisual work are extracted from the audiovisual work. Then the thus modified audiovisual work before its transfer to the virtual storage is usually compressed by means of compression software, for completeness of work, compressed file name extension (e.g.: *.rar, *.zip, and the like) most commonly due to masking from various software filters. Filters serve in storages to disable transfer (upload) of files from users, the file(s) name extension identical with the extension on the filter of the receiving server—storage, e.g. VOB, AVI, XViD, DivX, mp4, flv and the like. In works of music the formats such as MP3, WMA, WAV and the like are the most frequent. Film and music distribution companies as well as authors of audio and/or audiovisual works releasing the said works on digital audio CD, film-DVD carriers for the commercial market have to unwillingly suffer from negative economic impact of pirate activity of such users.
Another group affected by negative economic impact are resellers of commercially produced CD and/or DVD players and/or DVD-CD players with backward compatibility, because nowadays and with present technologies an internal/external BlueRay-DVD-CD drive is a part of majority of PC devices, enabling burning data, by means of which the user is capable of not only watching audio works and/or audiovisual works but in case of suitable software on the respective computer with the suitable PC-DVD-CD drive they are also able to process the works as needed and/or as ordered. Nowadays, presence of computers with DVD-CD drives at homes, work, internet cafes and the like in developed countries is very high. The computer user does not need to be equipped with a commercial CD player and/or DVD player or a BlueRay-DVD-CD player. Producers as well as designers of the software tools serving for processing of audio works and/or audiovisual works very often promote their products as an option for making backups. Furthermore, film DVD rentals also have to bear unwillingly the negative economic impact. The fact that up to now all inventions granted for protection of digital audio-CDs and film-DVDs do not have efficient protection because they are readable in computer DVD-CD drives is the core problem.
The subject-matter of the invention is that a protective element is formed by a set of circle shaped grooves around a central axis having a profile of a letter “V”, wherein the grooves have peaks and edges and the groove with the largest possible diameter of the circle is arranged on an inner part of an outer edge of a lead-in area and the groove with the smallest possible diameter of the circle is arranged on the inner edge of the lead-in area and density of grooves is such that the edges of grooves touch each other on the surface of the protective layer and there is no area between individual groove edges undamaged by the grooves.
Grooves are formed into the protective layer, whereas peaks of the grooves extend maximally to a depth up to an adhesive layer.
According to a preferred embodiment, peaks of the grooves only extend to the protective layer.
According to another embodiment, peaks of the grooves extend to a recording layer.
According to yet another embodiment, peaks of the grooves exceed the recording layer towards the adhesive layer.
The first of the attributes relating to the invention is a physical structure of digital audio-CDs and film-DVDs, consisting of individual already standardly defined layers, which quality composition is up to the manufacturers of optical memory media, whereas recording layers of the said carriers are positioned in various depths in the direction of a laser beam. In order to prevent loading and/or reading of digital audio-CDs and/or film-DVDs in PC-DVD-CD we create grooves in the form of the circle in the “Lead-in” area, whereas we can use various depths of the said grooves, which have a “V” shaped profile and which peaks can be up to the “Adhesive layer”. The set of circle-shaped “V” profile grooves is created in the “Lead-in” area, which in this case in order to simplify a description of the invention contains the following areas: “Table of Contents—TOC”, “Power Calibration Area—PCA”, “Recording Management Area—RMA”, “Burst Cutting Area—BCA”. When reading “Lead-in” in thus modified digital audio-CD and/or film-DVD the PC-DVD-CD device detects thus modified optical storage medium the film-DVD and/or digital audio-CD as unreadable. The first method of application of the present invention utilises an error rate for loading and/or reading by the laser beam in the lead-in area through the created grooves in the form of circles with the “V” profile, which are not applied into the depth of the recording layer. Recordings on the optical storage media are recorded in a shape of a spiral. The laser beam passes through the said grooves in the form of the circle in the direction of the spiral in an attempt to load data from the recording layer, whereas the sides of grooves that are of the “V” profile diffuse the laser beam of the track so that the drive of the PC-DVD-CD device is unable to load and/or read the data correctly. The second method of application of the present invention again uses the error rate in loading and/or reading by the laser beam in the lead-in area through created grooves in the form of the circles with the “V” profile, which are applied through the recording layer and/or recording layers to the depth of the adhesive layer. Thus created grooves in the form of the circles with the “V” profile damage data in the recording layer and/or recording layers and again, as in the first method, when loading data the laser beam is scattered to a wrong direction.
Another subject-matter of the present invention is a non-standard optical audio disc and a video disc that cannot be played in the internal or external drive of a personal computer or notebook, but can be played solely in CD, DVD and BlueRay players. These are branded CD, DVD and BlueRay players, which do not use drives designed for personal computers, notebooks and the like. The non-standard optical audio discs and the non-standard optical video disc under the present invention can be played only in CD and DVD players. The said discs can be played in all desktop, portable and in-car players from branded manufactures. Manufacture of non-standard optical audio discs and video discs, which cannot be played in the internal or external drive of the personal computer or of the notebook, but can be only played in CD and DVD players is the only effective protection against copying of standard CDs and DVDs by means of internal and external drives of personal computers.
The non-standard optical video disc with protection against loading and playing in personal computers is manufactured by moulding from a matrix. Its nature is, that the area with a radius from 18.00±1 mm to 23.50±1 mm is provided with a zone of the mechanical protection, which contains a set of grooves in the form of concentric circles with the profile of the letter “V”, which are arranged closely to each other in such a way, that their upper edges touch each other.
The subject-matter is to create a non-standard DVD, on which in the “burst cutting area” and partially also in the “lead-in area” were created concentric circles according to the Slovak patent application PP 50132-2013, which would prevent reading in internal and external drives in PCs as well as in the non-branded CD and DVD players that use CD and DVD drives designed for PCs. The original CD and DVD drive designed for players has a loading tray with moulded hollows for placing discs of the diameters of 80 and 120 mm.
Another subject-matter of the present invention is a matrix for moulding non-standard optical video discs with protection against loading and playing in personal computers. The nature of the said matrix is that in the area with the radius from 18.00±1 mm to 23.50±1 mm it is provided with a zone of the mechanical protection, which contains a set of grooves in the form of concentric circles with the profile of the letter “V”, which are arranged closely to each other in such a way, that their upper edges touch each other.
The subject-matter of the present invention is a non-standard optical audio disc with protection against loading and playing in personal computers manufactured by pressing from the matrix. Its nature is that in the area with the radius from 18.00±1 mm to 23.50±1 mm it is provided with the zone of the mechanical protection, which contains a set of grooves in the form of concentric circles with the profile of the letter “V”, which are arranged closely to each other in such a way, that their upper edges touch each other.
On non-standard audio disc the zones “PCA” (Power Calibration Area) and “PMA” (Power Memory Area) and a part of the lead-in area are provided with the grooves in the form of concentric circles according to the Slovak patent application PP 50132-2013, which prevent reading in internal and external drives of computers as well as playing in non-branded CD players that are used by personal computer drives.
Another subject-matter of the present invention is the matrix for moulding non-standard optical audio discs with protection against loading and playing in personal computers. The nature of the matrix is that in the area with the radius from 18.00±1 mm to 23.50±1 mm it is provided with the zone of the mechanical protection, which contains a set of grooves in the form of concentric circles with the profile of the letter “V”, which are arranged closely to each other in such a way, that their upper edges touch each other.
In manufacture of matrices for pressing non-standard audio discs the “PCA”, “PMA” and the “lead-in area” from standard recordable CD-R and the data area and the “lead-out area” of the pressed CD-ROM are used as the master.
In manufacture of matrices for moulding the non-standard video disc the “burst cutting area” and “lead-in area” of the standard recordable DVD-R and the data area and the “lead-out area” of the pressed DVD-ROM are used as the master.
Manufacture of matrices for pressing one layered (standard DVD 5) and two-layered (standard DVD 9) non-standard video discs is identical. Thus manufactured non-standard optical audio and video discs are hybrids of industrially manufactured standard CD-Rs with CD-ROMs and DVD-Rs with DVD-ROMs.
Non-standard audio discs and video discs are manufactured by moulding and the protection feature against playing and copying in personal computers, notebooks and the like can be also applied additionally on the pressed optical hybrid (non-standard) audio and video discs. Likewise, the above mentioned protection feature can be applied to the matrix in its manufacture and by that said protection element will be moulded directly into the hybrid (non-standard) audio and video discs. The same method of manufacture applies also in production of hybrid (non-standard) two layered video discs.
The advantage of the present invention is that if thus modified digital audio-CD and/or film-DVD is inserted into the CD player and/or the DVD player and/or the “BlueRay-DVD-CD” player, then in case of non-readability of the “Lead-in” area, which in this case for simplification includes the areas: TOC, PCA, RMA, BCA, hereinafter for all areas only referred to as the “Lead-in”, then the player procedurally skips reading of the non-readable lead-in area starts reading data from the “Data Recordable Area”. In case there is a compilation of audio works and/or audiovisual works created in the “Data Recordable Area” on the digital audio-CD and/or film-DVD, then a commercially manufactured player will load and play the respective structure of the digital audio-CD and/or film-DVD.
Illustration of the present invention is on the attached drawings that illustrate the following:
A part of the single-sided optical medium in the cross-sectional view depicted on
When creating the grooves 31, by a mechanical tool of such a shape so that to create the profile of the groove 31 in the shape of the letter V, it may also be proceeded in the opposite direction, i.e. from the inner edge 32 of the lead-in area 30 up to the inner part of the outer edge 33 of the lead-in area 30.
After creating a digital audio-CD and/or film-DVD recordings on the created optical storage medium have the spiral shape. We apply the protective element in the “Lead-in” area 30, the mechanical grooves in the form of the circle of the “V” profile 31 into the protective layer 2 in such a way that the peaks 34 of the mechanical grooves will be created through the recording layer 3 up to the adhesive layer 4, see
The mechanical protection against loading and copying can be created by a die, which press into the finished matrix the set of concentric circles with a profile of the letter “V” into the zone 80 of the mechanical protection and partially into the lead-in area 30. Grooves of the zone 80 of the mechanical protection can be created also by laser, while creating the glassmater (the glass plate for matrix fabrication), in such a way that in zone 80 of the mechanical protection and partially in the lead-in area 30 of the glassmater, the laser creates the protective element in the form of concentric circles. Subsequently, the matrix is created, which include the same concentric circles in the same area and by pressing from this matrix are manufactured the non-standard audiodiscs, that cannot be loaded into the CD or DVD drives of the personal computers.
The data area 40 (
The mechanical protection against loading and copying can be created by a die, which press into the finished matrix the set of concentric circles with a profile of the letter “V” into the zone 80 of the mechanical protection and partially into the lead-in area 30. Grooves of the zone 80 of the mechanical protection can be created also by laser, while creating the glassmater (the glass plate for matrix fabrication), in such a way that in zone 80 of the mechanical protection and partially in the lead-in area 30 of the glassmater, the laser creates the protective element in the form of concentric circles. Subsequently, the matrix is created, which include the same concentric circles in the same area and by pressing from this matrix are manufactured the non-standard videodiscs, that cannot be loaded into the CD or DVD drives of the personal computers.
A method of protection on optical storage media, which are standardly compiled in the format of the digital audio CD and the film-DVD can be utilised in production of audio works and/or audiovisual works by music and/or film production companies, manufacturers and/or authors, in distribution of the said works, sale as well as in DVD rentals. A recording on the optical storage medium can have contents of various nature: political, military, medical, erotic, scientific, religious, educational and other with a certain level of privacy: (e.g.: reserved, confidential, secret, top secret) according to requirements and/or needs of the author of the work who needs to protect their copyrighted work.
In case of application of the present invention the authors of audio works or audiovisual works or music or film distribution companies and/or producers of commercial digital audio CD and/or DVD and/or BlueRay-DVD-CD players and/or film-DVD rentals will not lose their profits, because by application of the present invention after creating the digital audio CD and/or film DVD the maximum protection against misuse of compact audio-CDs and film DVDs in CD and DVD drives of personal computer shall be provided.
| Number | Date | Country | Kind |
|---|---|---|---|
| 50132-2013 U | Nov 2013 | SK | national |
| 50017-2014 U | Feb 2014 | SK | national |
| Filing Document | Filing Date | Country | Kind |
|---|---|---|---|
| PCT/SK2014/050011 | 4/4/2014 | WO | 00 |
| Publishing Document | Publishing Date | Country | Kind |
|---|---|---|---|
| WO2015/072933 | 5/21/2015 | WO | A |
| Number | Name | Date | Kind |
|---|---|---|---|
| 6146740 | Birukawa | Nov 2000 | A |
| 20090285070 | Aris | Nov 2009 | A1 |
| Number | Date | Country |
|---|---|---|
| 1763027 | Mar 2007 | EP |
| 2386245 | Sep 2003 | GB |
| 2003034424 | Apr 2003 | WO |
| Entry |
|---|
| International Search Report dated Oct. 16, 2014 for PCT application No. PCT/SK2014/050011. |
| International Preliminary Report on Patentability (IPRP) dated May 17, 2016 for PCT application No. PCT/SK2014/050011. |
| Number | Date | Country | |
|---|---|---|---|
| 20190088284 A1 | Mar 2019 | US |
