METHOD OF SCALING INPUT DATA AND MOBILE DEVICE UTILIZING THE SAME

Abstract

A mobile device capable of scaling input data and a method thereof. The mobile device comprises a data segmentation module, a quality measure module, and a scaling module. The data segmentation module divides the input data into a plurality of subdata. The quality measure module, coupled to the data segmentation module, calculates signal quality of each subdata. The scaling module, coupled to the quality measure module, scales each subdata according to corresponding signal quality.

Description

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

The invention can be more fully understood by reading the subsequent detailed description and examples with references made to the accompanying drawings, wherein:

FIG. 1 is a block diagram of an exemplary convolution code communication system according to the invention.

FIG. 2 is a flowchart of an exemplary method of scaling input data according to the invention, incorporating the communication system in FIG. 1.

FIG. 3 is a flowchart of a detailed method of scaling input data according to FIG. 2, incorporating the communication system in FIG. 1.

FIG. 4 is a flowchart of an exemplary method of determining similarity in FIG. 3.

FIG. 5 is a flowchart of another detailed method of scaling input data according to FIG. 2, incorporating the communication system in FIG. 1.

FIG. 6 is a flowchart of an exemplary method of determining interference in FIG. 5.

FIG. 7 shows the data parts and the corresponding signal quality incorporated in the method in FIG. 6.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

The following description is of the best-contemplated mode of carrying out the invention. This description is made for the purpose of illustrating the general principles of the invention and should not be taken in a limiting sense. The scope of the invention is best determined by reference to the appended claims.

Scope of the invention may include, but is not limited to, a Time Division Multiple Access (TDMA) system, a Code Division Multiple Access (CDMA) system, Frequency Division Multiple Access (FDMA) system, CDMA-2000 and wide band CDMA (WCDMA) systems, Global System for Mobile communication (GSM) system, third generation cellular systems (3G) system, Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM) based system, and the like.

FIG. 1 is a block diagram of an exemplary convolution code communication system according to the invention, comprising transmitter 10, communication link 12, and receiver 14. Transmitter 10 is coupled to communication link 12, and then to receiver 14.

Transmitter 10 may be a base station transmitting burst data D_B through communication link 12 to receiver 14. Transmitter 10 comprises block encoder 1000, convolutional encoder 1002, interleaver 1004, and modulator 1006. Block encoder 1000 is coupled to convolutional encoder 1002, interleaver 1004, and subsequently to modulator 1006. Block encoder 1000 performs block encoding on input data D_in to produce parity bits for error detection. Convolutional encoder 1002 performs convolutional encoding on the block encoded input data D_in to generate convolutional code for error detection and correction. Interleaver 1004 rearranges order of the convolutional code using a set of registers to generate interleaved D_in. Interleaved input data D_in are grouped into a predetermined number of block data D_B, wherein the predetermined number may be 4, 8, or 22 depending on the channel type such as voice, circuit switched, paging, or control channel. Modulator 1006 modules block data D_B according to a modulation scheme such as GMSK or EPSK to generate downlink signal S_D appropriate for wireless transmission. Burst data D_B comprises complex symbols with in-phase (I) and quadrature (Q) components.

Communication link 12 comprises wireless transmission media comprising interference or noise that is either constant or changing with time.

Receiver 14 may be a mobile station receiving downlink signal S_D. Receiver 14 comprises demodulator 1400, data segmentation module 1402, quality measure module 1404, scaling controller 1406, scaling module 1408, deinterleaver 1410, Viterbi decoder 1412, and block decoder 1414. Demodulator 1400 is coupled to scaling module 1408 and data segmentation module 1402, in turn coupled to quality measure module 1404, scaling controller 1406, scaling module 1408, deinterleaver 1410, Viterbi decoder 1412, and subsequently to 1414. Demodulator 1400 demodulates and equalizes burst data D_B to generate equalized data D_E. Equalized data D_E are soft-decision data comprising multi-bit to represent a single-bit (hard-decision data).

Data segmentation module 1402, quality measure module 1404, scaling controller 1406, and scaling module 1408 perform scaling and quantization on equalized data D_E. Data segmentation module 1402 divides equalized data D_E into k parts (a plurality of subdata) to provide the i^th part D_i, where k is a positive integer exceeding or equal to 2, and i is an integer variable ranging from 1 to k. Quality measure module 1404 calculates signal quality Q_i of the data part D_i. Signal quality Q_i may be a signal-to-interference-and-noise ratio (SINR), and where k=2 and equalized data D_E is divided by two equal parts, the SINR for each part is represented as:

$\begin{array}{cc}\mathrm{SINR}=P_S/P_{I+N}=\frac{\frac{1}{156}\sum _{m=1}^{156}{r_m}^2}{\frac{1}{\mathrm{length}/k}\sum _{m=1}^{\mathrm{length}/k}{r_m-{\mathrm{rb}}_m}^2}& \left[1\right]\end{array}$

Where P_S is signal power,

P_I+N is noise and interference power,

length is data length of equalized data D_E,

k is number of data segments,

r_m is the m^th equalized data D_E, and

rb_m is the m^th rebuilt equalized data D_E.

Scaling controller 1406 receives signal quality Q_i to generate scale factor S_i. Scaling controller 1406 may determine similarity indicator S of all signal qualities Q_i, estimate average signal quality Q_avg of all signal qualities Q_i as scale factor S_i if all signal qualities Q_i are similar, and output signal quality Q_i as scale factor S_i if one of signal quality Q_i is dissimilar. The similarity indicator S is measured by a statistical data of all signal qualities Q_i, and may be a standard deviation, variance, difference, slope, or a minimum or maximum data. Scaling controller 1406 compares the similarity indicator S with first threshold th1, determines all signal qualities Q_i are similar if the statistical measure is less than first threshold th1, and determines one of signal quality Q_i is dissimilar if the statistical measure exceeds first threshold th1.

Scaling controller 1406 may also determine interference in all data parts D_i based on all signal qualities Q_i to control scale factor S_i, estimate first average signal quality Q_avg1 based on signal quality Q_i corresponding to the data part D_i before the interference, and estimate second average signal quality Q_avg2 based on signal quality Q_i corresponding to the data part D_i after the interference. Scaling controller 1406 outputs first average signal quality Q_avg1 as scale factor S_i for data part D_i before the interference, and second average signal quality Q_avg2 as scale factor S_i for data part D_i after the interference. Scaling controller 1406 calculates a difference between any two adjacent signal qualities Q_i and Q_i+1, identifies a maximum difference among all differences, determines no interference if the maximum difference is less than second threshold th2, and determines data part D_i corresponding to the maximum difference as the interference, if the maximum difference exceeds second threshold th₂.

Scaling module 1408 determines scale factor S_i, scales and quantizes each data part D_i according to scale factor S_i to output D_S. When scaling controller 1406 estimates scale factor S_i based on the similarity indicator S, scaling module 1408 scales data part D_i with signal quality Q_i if one of signal quality Q_i is dissimilar, and scales data part D_i with average signal quality Q_avg if all signal qualities are similar. When scaling controller 1406 estimates scale factor S_i based on the interference, scaling module 1408 scales data part D_i before the interference with first average signal quality Q_avg1, and scales data part D_i after the interference with second average signal quality Q_avg2. Scaling module 1408 scales data part D_i by the relationship:

D _S=Quantize(D_E*S_i)  [2]

Where D_S is a scaling output,

• • D_E is an equalized soft-decision data, and
  • S_i is a scaling factor.

Deinterleaver 1410 deinterleaves D_S to provide deinterleaved D_S to Viterbi decoder 1412 for convolutional decoding, the output thereof is passed to block decoder 1414 for error detection to generate output data D_O. Block decoder 1414 also provides indication on validity of decoded output data D_O.

FIG. 2 is a flowchart of an exemplary method of scaling input data according to the invention, incorporating the communication system in FIG. 1.

Scaling method 20 starts (S200) to divide equalized data D_E into k data parts in data segmentation module 1402 (S202), estimate signal quality Q_i for each data part D_i in quality measure module 1404 (S204), and scale each data part D_i based on signal quality Qi by scaling module 1408 (S206). Scaling method 20 undergoes Step S204 and S206 for each i^th data part D_i through the last data part Dk, then exits the process at Step S208. Each data part D_i is scaled based on signal quality Qi, rather than an averaged signal quality of equalized data D_E in the conventional method, such that each data scaling reflects channel conditions during the data transmission of data part D_i, providing increased accuracy.

FIG. 3 is a flowchart of a detailed method of scaling input data according to FIG. 2, incorporating the communication system in FIG. 1. Steps S200, S202, S204, and S208 are explained in FIG. 2. Step S206a details the data scaling step as follows.

In Step S300, scaling controller 1406 determines similarity indicator S of all signal qualities Qi, with i=1 through k. If at least one signal quality Q_i is dissimilar to the rest, scaling method 20 moves to Step S302, otherwise goes to Step S304.

In Step S302, scaling module 1408 scales data part D_i with signal quality Q_i. Since at least one signal quality Q_i is dissimilar, each data part D_i is scaled separately with scaling factor S_i corresponding to dissimilar channel conditions, such as the SINR of data part D_i, thus providing accurate scaling result.

In Step S304, scaling module 1408 scales data part D_i with average signal quality Q_avg. Since all signal qualities Q_i are similar, the channel conditions are substantially constant, and a common scale factor can be used for all data D_i. Scaling controller 1406 estimates average signal quality Q_avg of all signal qualities Q_i to provide the common scale factor, so that signal quality under synchronous transmission scenario does not degrade.

FIG. 4 is a flowchart of an exemplary method of determining similarity indicator S in FIG. 3.

In Step 400, similarity determination method S300 starts. Next in Step S402, scaling controller 1406 collects all signal qualities Q_i to calculate a statistical measure based thereon (S404). The statistical measure may be a standard deviation, variance, difference, slop, or a minimum or maximum data in all signal qualities Q_i. For example, scaling controller 1406 may compute standard deviation sd of all signal qualities Q_i.

In Step S406, scaling controller 1406 compares the statistical measure with predetermined threshold th1, continues Step S408 if the statistical measure exceeds or equals the first threshold th1, and Step S410 if the statistical measure is less than the first threshold th1. The value of first threshold th1 depends on choice of the statistical measure. If scaling controller 1406 computes standard deviation sd as the statistical measure, the first threshold th1 is chosen to provide a threshold for standard deviation.

Next in Step S408, scaling controller 1406 determines at least one signal quality Q_i is dissimilar to the others, and in Step S410, scaling controller 1406 determines all signal qualities Q_i are similar, both steps lead to Step S412, and similarity determination S300 stops.

FIG. 5 is a flowchart of another detailed method of scaling input data according to FIG. 2, incorporating the communication system in FIG. 1. Steps S200, S202, S204, and S208 are explained in FIG. 2. Step S206b details the data scaling step as follows.

In Step S500, scaling controller 1406 detects interference or transition using all signal qualities Q_i, continues Step S502 if an interference or transition is detected, otherwise method 20 stops. Interference or transition corresponds to an interfered data part in equalized data D_E.

In Step S502, scaling controller 1406 determines position of each data part D_i with respect to the interference. If data part D_i is before the interference, method 20 goes to Step S504, and Step S506 otherwise.

In Step S504, scaling controller 1406 estimates first average signal quality Q_avg1 based on signal quality Q_i corresponding to the data parts before the interference, and scaling module 1408 scales the data parts before the interference with first average signal quality Q_avg1.

In Step S506, scaling controller 1406 estimates second average signal quality Q_avg2 based on signal quality Q_i corresponding to the data parts after the interference, and scaling module 1408 scales the data parts after the interference with second average signal quality Q_avg2.

FIG. 6 is a flowchart of an exemplary method of determining interference in FIG. 5.

In Step S600, interference determination method S500 starts. Next in Step S602, scaling controller 1406 collects all signal qualities Q_i to calculate difference Ti between any two adjacent signal qualities Q_i and Q_i+1 (S604), and identify maximum difference T_max among all differences.

Next in Step S606, scaling controller 1406 compares maximum difference T_max with the second threshold th2, continues Step S608 if maximum difference T_max exceeds or equals the second threshold th2, and Step S610 otherwise.

In Step S608, scaling controller 1406 determines interference at data parts corresponding to maximum difference T_max. Since each difference T corresponds to two data parts, scaling controller 1406 may select the later of the two for the position of the interference.

In Step S610, since maximum difference T_max is within the second threshold th2, scaling controller 1406 determines no interference in equalized data D_E.

In Step S612, method S500 stops.

FIG. 7 shows the data parts and the corresponding signal quality incorporated in the method in FIG. 6, comprising the data parts before the interference 70, and the data parts after the interference 72. Scaling controller 1406 detects the interference at data part D_T since maximum difference T_max occurs between data parts D₃ and D_T. First average signal quality Q_avg1.is generated based on signal qualities Q1, Q2, and Q3, and second average signal quality Q_avg2.is generated based on signal qualities QT through Q8. Thus data parts D1 though D3 are scaled by first average signal quality Q_avg1 and data parts DT though D8 are scaled by first average signal quality Q_avg2.

While the invention has been described by way of example and in terms of preferred embodiment, it is to be understood that the invention is not limited thereto. To the contrary, it is intended to cover various modifications and similar arrangements (as would be apparent to those skilled in the art). Therefore, the scope of the appended claims should be accorded the broadest interpretation so as to encompass all such modifications and similar arrangements.

Claims

1. A method of processing input data in a receiver, comprising: dividing the input data into a plurality of subdata;calculating signal quality of each subdata; andscaling each subdata according to corresponding signal quality.

2. The method of claim 1, wherein scaling comprises: determining similarity of all signal qualities;scaling each subdata with the corresponding signal quality if one of the signal qualities is dissimilar;estimating an average signal quality of all signal qualities;setting the signal quality of each subdata as the average signal quality; andscaling the plurality of subdata with the average signal quality if all signal qualities are similar.

3. The method of claim 2, wherein determination comprises: calculating a statistical measure based on all signal qualities;determining all signal qualities are similar if the statistical measure is less than a first threshold; anddetermining one of the signal qualities is dissimilar if the statistical measure exceeds the first threshold.

4. The method of claim 3, wherein the statistical measure is a standard deviation of all signal qualities.

5. The method of claim 1, wherein scaling comprises: determining an interference in the plurality of subdata based on all signal qualities;estimating first average signal quality based on at least one signal quality corresponding to at least one subdata before the interference;estimating second average signal quality based on at least one signal quality corresponding to at least one subdata after the interference;scaling the at least one subdata before the interference with the first average signal quality; andscaling the at least one subdata after the interference with the second average signal quality.

6. The method of claim 5, wherein determination comprises: calculating a difference between any two adjacent signal qualities;identifying a maximum difference among all differences; anddetermining the subdata corresponding to the maximum difference as the interference, if the maximum difference exceeds a second threshold.

7. The method of claim 1, wherein the signal quality is signal-to-interference-and-noise ratio.

8. The method of claim 1, wherein the input data is equalized soft-decision data, and the method further comprises quantizing the scaled subdata.

9. A mobile device capable of scaling input data, comprising: a data segmentation module, dividing the input data into a plurality of subdata;a quality measure module, coupled to the data segmentation module, calculating signal quality of each subdata; anda scaling module, coupled to the quality measure module, scaling each subdata according to corresponding signal quality.

10. The mobile device of claim 9, further comprising a scaling controller coupled to the quality measure module and the scaling module, determining similarity of all signal qualities, estimating an average signal quality of all signal qualities as a scale factor if all signal qualities are similar, providing the corresponding signal quality as the scale factor if one of the signal qualities is dissimilar, and setting the signal quality of each subdata as the average signal quality, and wherein the scaling module scales each subdata with the scale factor.

11. The mobile device of claim 10, wherein the scaling controller calculates a statistical measure based on all signal qualities, determines all signal qualities are similar if the statistical measure is less than a first threshold, and determines one of the signal qualities is dissimilar if the statistical measure exceeds the first threshold.

12. The mobile device of claim 11, wherein the statistical measure is a standard deviation of all signal qualities.

13. The mobile device of claim 9, further comprising a scaling controller coupled to the quality measure module and the scaling module, determining an interference in the plurality of subdata based on all signal qualities, estimating first average signal quality based on at least one signal quality corresponding to at least one subdata before the interference, and estimating second average signal quality based on at least one signal quality corresponding to at least one subdata after the interference, and wherein the scaling module scales the at least one subdata before the interference with the first average signal quality, and scales the at least one subdata after the interference with the second average signal quality.

14. The mobile device of claim 13, wherein the scaling controller calculates a difference between any two adjacent signal qualities, identifies a maximum difference among all differences, and determines the subdata corresponding to the maximum difference as the interference, if the maximum difference exceeds a second threshold.

15. The mobile device of claim 9, wherein the signal quality is signal-to-interference-and-noise ratio.

16. The mobile device of claim 9, wherein the input data is equalized soft-decision data, and the scaling module further quantizes the scaled subdata.

17. A receiver capable of scaling input data, comprising: a data segmentation module, dividing the input data into a plurality of subdata;a quality measure module, coupled to the data segmentation module, calculating signal quality of each subdata; anda scaling module, coupled to the quality measure module, scaling each subdata according to corresponding signal quality.

18. The receiver of claim 17, further comprising a scaling controller coupled to the quality measure module and the scaling module, determining similarity of all signal qualities, and wherein the scaling module scales each subdata with the corresponding signal quality if one of the signal qualities is dissimilar, estimates an average signal quality of all signal qualities, setting the signal quality of each subdata as the average signal quality, and scales the plurality of subdata with the average signal quality if all signal qualities are similar.

19. The receiver of claim 18, wherein the scaling controller calculates a statistical measure based on all signal qualities, determines all signal qualities are similar if the statistical measure is less than a first threshold, and determines one of the signal qualities is dissimilar if the statistical measure exceeds the first threshold.

20. The receiver of claim 21, wherein the statistical measure is a standard deviation of all signal qualities.

21. The receiver of claim 17, further comprising a scaling controller coupled to the quality measure module and the scaling module, determining an interference in the plurality of subdata based on all signal qualities, and wherein the scaling module estimates first average signal quality based on at least one signal quality corresponding to at least one subdata before the interference, second average signal quality based on at least one signal quality corresponding to at least one subdata after the interference, scales the at least one subdata before the interference with the first average signal quality, and scales the at least one subdata after the interference with the second average signal quality.

22. The receiver of claim 21, wherein the scaling controller calculates a difference between any two adjacent signal qualities, identifies a maximum difference among all differences, and determines the subdata corresponding to the maximum difference as the interference, if the maximum difference exceeds a second threshold.

23. The receiver of claim 17, wherein the signal quality is signal-to-interference-and-noise ratio.