Patent Application
20240287283
The present invention relates to a method of storing an antioxidant mixture, which can be applied to a technology for adding an antioxidant to an olefin polymerization system.
JP-A-2005-255953 describes a method for producing a stabilized polymer such that when an ethylenically unsaturated bond-containing monomer is polymerized using a catalyst, a phenolic antioxidant masked by triethylaluminum is added to a catalyst system or a polymerization system before or during a polymerization. Specifically, in JP-A-2005-255953, a masked phenolic antioxidant is obtained by stirring triethylaluminum and a phenolic antioxidant at 23° C. for 5 minutes, and then immediately mixing the masked phenolic antioxidant with a catalyst to carry out the polymerization of propylene ([0033], Example 1-1).
In the case of applying the prior art to continuous polymer production in a large scale factory, a predetermined amount of “masked phenolic antioxidant” needs to be stored or retained in a container and/or piping for a long period of time (a predetermined period of time). There is a need to obtain a more thermally stable polymer by using the “masked phenolic antioxidant” after storage.
Under such circumstances, the present invention has addressed the problem of providing a method of storing a “masked phenolic antioxidant” for producing a more thermally stable polymer.
The present inventors have conducted intensive research in view of such a background, and have completed the present invention.
Specifically, the present invention provides the following items of the present invention.
[1]
A method of storing an antioxidant mixture, comprising storing an antioxidant mixture containing an antioxidant and an aluminum compound under a condition at a gauge pressure of 0.21 MPa or higher.
The following respective items [2] to are preferable forms or embodiments of the present invention.
[2]
The method of storing an antioxidant mixture according to [1], wherein the gauge pressure is 0.30 MPa or higher.
[3]
The method of storing an antioxidant mixture according to [1] or [2], wherein the storing time is 24 hours or longer.
[4]
The method of storing an antioxidant mixture according to any one of [1] to [3], wherein the gauge pressure is 6.0 MPa or less.
[5]
The method of storing an antioxidant mixture according to any one of [1] to [4], wherein the antioxidant is a phenolic antioxidant.
[6]
The method of storing an antioxidant mixture according to any one of [1] to [5], wherein the phenolic antioxidant is an antioxidant represented by the following formula (1) or formula (2):
A represents a C1-30 n-valent hydrocarbon group; or
A method for producing an olefin-based polymer, comprising the step of polymerizing an olefin
A composition comprising an olefin-based polymer and an antioxidant, wherein
The composition according to [8], wherein the antioxidant is a phenolic antioxidant and represented by formula (1).
[10]
A composition comprising the “composition according to [8]” and a “polymer different from the polymer contained in the composition according to [8]”.
[11]
The composition according to any one of [8] to [10], further comprising a filler.
[12]
The composition according to any one of [8] to [11], wherein when a torque value of the composition is measured under the <kneading evaluation conditions>, a time required for the torque value to decrease by 15% from the torque value at 5 minutes after the start of kneading is 26 minutes or more.
The present invention makes it possible to obtain a more thermally stable polymer even after a predetermined amount of “masked phenolic antioxidant” is stored for a long period of time (predetermined period of time), so that the “masked phenolic antioxidant” can be used for continuous polymer production in a large-scale factory.
The method of storing an antioxidant mixture according to the present invention is as follows.
A method of storing an antioxidant mixture, comprising storing an antioxidant mixture containing an antioxidant and an aluminum compound under a condition at a gauge pressure of 0.21 MPa or higher.
Preferably, the storage may be performed under a condition where the gauge pressure is 0.30 MPa or higher, and more preferably, the storage may be performed under a condition where the gauge pressure is 0.40 MPa or higher.
Preferably, the storing time may be 24 hours or longer, and more preferably, the storing time may be 30 hours or longer.
Preferably, the gauge pressure may be 6.0 MPa or less, and more preferably, the gauge pressure may be 5.0 MPa or less.
Preferably, the antioxidant may be a phenolic antioxidant, and more preferably, the phenolic antioxidant may be an antioxidant represented by the following formula (1) or formula (2):
The antioxidant mixture may further contain a hydrocarbon solvent.
The hydrocarbon solvent may be the same as a solvent used in the production of a heterophasic propylene polymerization material or an olefin polymer prepared using the present invention described below. For example, it is possible to use an inert hydrocarbon solvent such as propane, butane, isobutane, pentane, isopentane, hexane, heptane, octane, cyclohexane, benzene, or toluene.
The method for producing an olefin-based polymer according to the present invention is as follows:
The composition of the present invention, comprising an olefin-based polymer and an antioxidant, is as follows:
Preferably, the phenolic antioxidant is an antioxidant represented by formula (1).
The present invention can provide a composition comprising the “composition according to [8]” and a “polymer different from the polymer contained in the composition according to [8]”.
Preferably, the composition may further comprise a filler.
Preferably, when a torque value of the composition is measured under the above <kneading evaluation conditions>, a time required for the torque value to decrease by 15% from the torque value at 5 minutes after the start of kneading may be 26 minutes or more.
The method of storing an antioxidant mixture according to the present invention may be used in the production of a “contact product” in the following methods [1] to [6] or [7] to for producing a heterophasic propylene polymerization material or an olefin polymer.
[1]
A method for producing a heterophasic propylene polymerization material, comprising:
The method for producing a heterophasic propylene polymerization material according to [1], wherein the contact product is present in a gas-phase polymerization step in the first polymerization step.
[3]
A method for producing an olefin polymer, comprising the step of:
The method for producing an olefin polymer according to [3], wherein an amount of the antioxidant represented by formula (1) or formula (2) in the contact product is from 0.0001 to 1 part by weight based on 100 parts by weight of the olefin polymer (α).
[5]
The method for producing a heterophasic propylene polymerization material according to [1] or [2], wherein
The method for producing a heterophasic propylene polymerization material according to [1], [2], or [5], wherein the polymer (I) has a weight ratio of from 40 to 90 mass %, and the polymer (II) has a weight ratio of from 10 to 60 mass %.
[7]
A method for producing a heterophasic propylene polymerization material, comprising:
The method for producing a heterophasic propylene polymerization material according to [7], wherein the copolymerization is performed after the contact product and the polymer (I) are brought into contact with each other in the second polymerization step.
[9]
A method for producing an olefin polymer, comprising the step of:
The method for producing an olefin polymer according to [9], wherein an amount of the antioxidant represented by formula (1) or formula (2) in the contact product is from 0.0001 to 1 part by weight based on 100 parts by weight of the olefin polymer (α).
[11]
The method for producing a heterophasic propylene polymerization material according to [7] or [8], wherein
The method for producing a heterophasic propylene polymerization material according to [7], [8], or [11], wherein the polymer (I) has a content of from 40 to 90 mass %, and the polymer (II) has a content of from 10 to 60 mass %.
The heterophasic propylene polymerization material obtained by the method for producing a heterophasic propylene polymerization material in an example of use in the present invention may be produced by performing the first polymerization step of forming the polymer (I) and the second polymerization step of forming the polymer (II). The polymerization catalyst, the polymerization method, and the polymerization system adopted in these polymerization steps will be exemplified and described below.
The heterophasic propylene polymerization material preferably comprises:
More preferably, the content of the polymer (I) is from 40 to 90 mass %, and the content of the polymer (II) is from 10 to 60 mass %.
The polymer (I) may be, for example, a propylene homopolymer or may contain a structural unit derived from a monomer other than propylene. When the polymer (I) contains a structural unit derived from a monomer other than propylene, the content thereof may be, for example, 0.01 mass % or more and less than 20 mass % based on the total mass of the polymer (I).
Examples of the monomer other than propylene include ethylene or an α-olefin having 4 or more carbon atoms. Among them, at least one compound selected from the group consisting of ethylene and C4-10 α-olefins is preferable, at least one compound selected from the group consisting of ethylene, 1-butene, 1-hexene, and 1-octene is more preferable, and at least one compound selected from the group consisting of ethylene and 1-butene is still more preferable.
Examples of the polymer containing a structural unit derived from a monomer other than propylene include a propylene-ethylene copolymer, a propylene-1-butene copolymer, a propylene-1-hexene copolymer, a propylene-1-octene copolymer, a propylene-ethylene-1-butene copolymer, a propylene-ethylene-1-hexene copolymer, or a propylene-ethylene-1-octene copolymer.
From the viewpoint of the dimensional stability of molding, the polymer (I) is preferably a propylene homopolymer, a propylene-ethylene copolymer, a propylene-1-butene copolymer, or a propylene-ethylene-1-butene copolymer, and more preferably a propylene homopolymer.
The content of polymer (I) is preferably from 40 to 90 mass % and more preferably from 45 to 90 mass % based on the total mass of the heterophasic propylene polymerization material.
The polymer (II) preferably contains 20 mass % or more of a structural unit derived from at least one α-olefin selected from the group consisting of ethylene and C4-12 α-olefins, and preferably contains a propylene-derived structural unit.
In the polymer (II), the structural unit derived from at least one α-olefin selected from the group consisting of ethylene and C4-12 α-olefins may have a content of from 25 to 60 mass % or from 30 to 60 mass %.
The at least one α-olefin selected from ethylene and C4-12 α-olefins in the polymer (II) is preferably at least one compound selected from the group consisting of ethylene and C4-10 α-olefins, more preferably at least one compound selected from the group consisting of ethylene, 1-butene, 1-hexene, 1-octene, and 1-decene, and still more preferably at least one compound selected from the group consisting of ethylene and 1-butene.
Examples of the polymer (II) include a propylene-ethylene copolymer, a propylene-ethylene-1-butene copolymer, a propylene-ethylene-1-hexene copolymer, a propylene-ethylene-1-octene copolymer, a propylene-ethylene-1-decene copolymer, a propylene-1-butene copolymer, a propylene-1-hexene copolymer, a propylene-1-octene copolymer, or a propylene-1-decene copolymer. Among them, a propylene-ethylene copolymer, a propylene-1-butene copolymer, or a propylene-ethylene-1-butene copolymer is preferable, and a propylene-ethylene copolymer is more preferable.
The content of polymer (II) is preferably from 10 to 60 mass % and more preferably from 10 to 55 mass % based on the total mass of the heterophasic propylene polymerization material.
The content of cold xylene-insoluble (CXIS) component in the heterophasic propylene polymerization material is preferably from 40 to 99 mass % and more preferably from 45 to 90 mass % based on the total mass of the heterophasic propylene polymerization material.
The content of cold xylene-soluble (CXS) component in the heterophasic propylene polymerization material is preferably from 1 to 60 mass % and more preferably from 10 to 55 mass % based on the total mass of the heterophasic propylene polymerization material.
In this embodiment, the CXIS component in the heterophasic propylene polymerization material is mainly composed of the polymer (I), and the CXS component in the heterophasic propylene polymerization material is mainly composed of the polymer (II).
Examples of the heterophasic propylene polymerization material include (propylene)-(propylene-ethylene) polymerization material, (propylene)-(propylene-ethylene-1-butene) polymerization material, (propylene)-(propylene-ethylene-1-hexene) polymerization material, (propylene)-(propylene-ethylene-1-octene) polymerization material, (propylene)-(propylene-1-butene) polymerization material, (propylene)-(propylene-1-hexene) polymerization material, (propylene)-(propylene-1-octene) polymerization material, (propylene)-(propylene-1-decene) polymerization material, (propylene-ethylene)-(propylene-ethylene) polymerization material, (propylene-ethylene)-(propylene-ethylene-1-butene) polymerization material, (propylene-ethylene)-(propylene-ethylene-1-hexene) polymerization material, (propylene-ethylene)-(propylene-ethylene-1-octene) polymerization material, (propylene-ethylene)-(propylene-ethylene-1-decene) polymerization material, (propylene-ethylene)-(propylene-1-butene) polymerization material, (propylene-ethylene)-(propylene-1-hexene) polymerization material, (propylene-ethylene)-(propylene-1-octene) polymerization material, (propylene-ethylene)-(propylene-1-decene) polymerization material, (propylene-1-butene)-(propylene-ethylene) polymerization material, (propylene-1-butene)-(propylene-ethylene-1-butene) polymerization material, (propylene-1-butene)-(propylene-ethylene-1-hexene) polymerization material, (propylene-1-butene)-(propylene-ethylene-1-octene) polymerization material, (propylene-1-butene)-(propylene-ethylene-1-decene) polymerization material, (propylene-1-butene)-(propylene-1-butene) polymerization material, (propylene-1-butene)-(propylene-1-hexene) polymerization material, (propylene-1-butene)-(propylene-1-octene) polymerization material, (propylene-1-butene)-(propylene-1-decene) polymerization material, (propylene-1-hexene)-(propylene-1-hexene) polymerization material, (propylene-1-hexene)-(propylene-1-octene) polymerization material, (propylene-1-hexene)-(propylene-1-decene) polymerization material, (propylene-1-octene)-(propylene-1-octene) polymerization material, or (propylene-1-octene)-(propylene-1-decene) polymerization material.
Here, the term “(propylene)-(propylene-ethylene) polymerization material” means a “heterophasic propylene polymerization material in which the polymer (I) is a propylene homopolymer and the polymer (II) is a propylene-ethylene copolymer”. The same applies to other analogous expressions.
The heterophasic propylene polymerization material is preferably a (propylene)-(propylene-ethylene) polymerization material, a (propylene)-(propylene-ethylene-1-butene) polymerization material, a (propylene-ethylene)-(propylene-ethylene) polymerization material, a (propylene-ethylene)-(propylene-ethylene-1-butene) polymerization material, or a (propylene-1-butene)-(propylene-1-butene) polymerization material, and more preferably a (propylene)-(propylene-ethylene) polymerization material.
The intrinsic viscosity ([η]I) of the polymer (I) is preferably from 0.10 to 2.00 dL/g, more preferably from 0.50 to 1.50 dL/g, and still more preferably from 0.70 to 1.40 dL/g.
The intrinsic viscosity ([η]II) of the polymer (II) is preferably from 1.50 to 8.00 dL/g and more preferably from 2.00 to 8.00 dL/g.
The ratio ([η]II/[η]I) of the intrinsic viscosity ([η]II) of the polymer (II) to the intrinsic viscosity ([η]I) of the polymer (I) is preferably from 1 to 20, more preferably from 1 to 10, and still more preferably from 1 to 9.
Examples of the method for measuring the intrinsic viscosity ([η]I) of the polymer (I) include a method in which the polymer (I) is formed and the intrinsic viscosity of the polymer is then measured.
The intrinsic viscosity ([η]II) of the polymer (II) can be calculated by the following formula (6) using, for example, the intrinsic viscosity ([η]whole) of the heterophasic propylene polymerization material, the intrinsic viscosity ([η]I) of the polymer (I), and the contents of the polymer (II) and the polymer (I).
Here, XII was calculated by measuring the heat of fusion of the heterophasic propylene polymerization material while using the equation below. A sample (about 5 mg) of the heterophasic propylene polymerization material was filled in an aluminum pan, and placed in a differential scanning calorimeter, a DSC 8500 model apparatus (manufactured by PerkinElmer, Inc.). The temperature was raised to 230° C., and the sample was kept at 230° C. for 5 minutes; and the temperature was lowered to 0° C. at a rate of 5° C./min, and the sample was kept at 0° C. for 5 minutes. The temperature was corrected by setting the melting point of indium to 156.6° C. The heat of fusion (unit: J/g) was calculated from the fusion peak area in the melting curve, and XII was then determined using the following formula:
Note that XI and XII may be calculated from the mass balance during polymerization.
The intrinsic viscosity ([η]CXIS) of the CXIS component is preferably from 0.10 to 2.00 dL/g, more preferably from 0.50 to 1.50 dL/g, and still more preferably from 0.70 to 1.40 dL/g.
The intrinsic viscosity ([η]CXS) of the CXS component is preferably from 1.50 to 8.00 dL/g and more preferably from 2.00 to 8.00 dL/g.
The ratio ([η]CXS/[η]CXIS) of the intrinsic viscosity ([η]CXS) of the CXS component to the intrinsic viscosity ([η]CXIS) of the CXIS component is preferably from 1 to 20, more preferably from 1 to 10, and still more preferably from 1 to 9.
The polymer (I) has an isotactic pentad fraction (also referred to as [mmmm] fraction) of preferably 0.950 or higher and more preferably 0.970 or higher from the viewpoint of the rigidity and dimensional stability of molding formed of the resin composition. The isotactic pentad fraction of the polymer (I) may be, for example, 1.000 or less.
The isotactic pentad fraction means an isotactic fraction in a pentad unit. That is, the isotactic pentad fraction indicates the content ratio of a structure in which five consecutive propylene-derived structural units, namely a pentad unit, are bonded in the meso configuration. Note that when the target component is a copolymer, the term refers to a value measured for a chain of propylene-derived structural units.
The isotactic pentad fraction is herein a value measured using a 13C-NMR spectrum. Specifically, the ratio of the area of the mmmm peak to the area of all the absorption peaks of the methyl carbon region as obtained by 13C-NMR spectrum was defined as the isotactic pentad fraction. The isotactic pentad fraction was measured according to a method using a 13C-NMR spectrum as described in Macromolecules, 6, 925 (1973) by A. Zambelli et al. Each absorption peak obtained by 13C-NMR spectrum was assigned based on the description of Macromolecules, 8, 687 (1975).
As used herein, the melt flow rate of the polymer (I) at a temperature of 230° C. under a load of 2.16 kgf refers to a value measured at 230° C. under a load of 2.16 kgf in accordance with JIS K6758. Meanwhile, the melt flow rate may be hereinafter referred to as MFR. The melt flow rate of the polymer (I) is preferably 3 g/10 min or more, and more preferably 10 g/10 min to 500 g/10 min from the viewpoint of molding processability of the resin composition.
The melt flow rate of the polymer (II) at a temperature of 230° C. under a load of 2.16 kgf refers to a value measured at 230° C. under a load of 2.16 kgf in accordance with JIS K6758. The melt flow rate of the polymer (II) is preferably 0.01 g/10 min or more, and more preferably 0.02 g/10 min to 20 g/10 min from the viewpoint of molding processability of the resin composition.
In the production of the polymer (I) and the polymer (II), it is possible to use, for instance, a fossil resource-derived monomer (e.g., ethylene, propylene, 1-butene, 1-hexene), a plant-derived monomer (e.g., ethylene, propylene, 1-butene, 1-hexene), or a chemical recycled monomer (e.g., ethylene, propylene, 1-butene, 1-hexene). Two or more kinds of them may be used in combination. Specific examples of the combination of monomers include fossil resource-derived ethylene/plant-derived ethylene/chemical recycled ethylene, fossil resource-derived ethylene/plant-derived ethylene/chemical recycled ethylene/fossil resource-derived 1-butene/plant-derived 1-butene/chemical recycled 1-butene, fossil resource-derived ethylene/plant-derived ethylene/chemical recycled ethylene/fossil resource-derived 1-hexene/plant-derived 1-hexene/chemical recycled 1-hexene, fossil resource-derived propylene/plant-derived propylene/chemical recycled propylene, fossil resource-derived propylene/plant-derived propylene/chemical recycled propylene/fossil resource-derived ethylene/plant-derived ethylene/chemical recycled ethylene, or fossil resource-derived propylene/plant-derived propylene/chemical recycled propylene/fossil resource-derived 1-butene/plant-derived 1-butene/chemical recycled 1-butene.
Fossil resource-derived monomers are derived from carbon as an underground resource such as petroleum, coal, or natural gas, and generally contain little carbon 14 (14C). Examples of methods for producing fossil resource-derived monomers include known methods such as cracking of, for instance, petroleum-derived naphtha or ethane and/or dehydrogenation of, for instance, ethane or propane to produce olefins.
Plant-derived monomers are derived from carbon circulating on the ground surface as plants/animals, and generally contains a certain proportion of carbon 14 (14C). Examples of methods for producing plant-derived monomers include known methods such as cracking of, for instance, bionaphtha, vegetable oil, or animal oil, dehydrogenation of, for instance, biopropane, or separation and dehydration of an alcohol from a product obtained by fermenting, for instance, sugar extracted from a plant raw material such as sugar cane or corn (e.g., JP-A-2010-511634, JP-A-2011-506628, JP-A-2013-503647), or a method of subjecting n-butane and ethylene obtained from plant-derived ethanol to a metathesis reaction (e.g., WO 2007/055361).
Chemical recycled monomers are derived from carbon generated by decomposition or combustion of waste, and the content of carbon 14 (14C) content varies depending on the waste. Examples of methods for producing chemical recycled monomers include known methods such as thermal decomposition of waste plastic (e.g., JP-A-2017-512246), methods of cracking, for instance, waste vegetable oil or waste animal oil (e.g., JP-A-2018-522087), or methods of performing a gasification/alcohol conversion/dehydration of waste such as garbage, biomass waste, food waste, waste oil, waste wood, paper waste, or waste plastic (e.g., JP-A-2019-167424, WO 2021/006245).
When two or more kinds of fossil resource-derived olefins, plant-derived olefins, and/or chemical recycled olefins are used, individually produced olefins may be mixed and used in a combination of fossil resource-derived olefin/plant-derived olefin, fossil resource-derived olefin/chemical recycled olefin, plant-derived olefin/chemical recycled olefin, or fossil resource-derived olefin/plant-derived olefin/chemical recycled olefin. In addition, it is possible to use, as a raw material/production intermediate of the olefin production process, a mixture produced as a combination of the above-mentioned olefins by using a combination of fossil resource-derived compound/plant-derived compound, fossil resource-derived compound/chemical recycled compound, plant-derived compound/chemical recycled compound, or fossil resource-derived compound/plant-derived compound/chemical recycled compound.
The carbon 14 (14C) concentration of the polymer (I) or the polymer (II) is preferably 0.2 pMC (%) or higher, more preferably 0.5 pMC (%) or higher, still more preferably 1 pMC (%) or higher, still more preferably 5 pMC (%) or higher, and particularly preferably 10 pMC (%) or higher from the viewpoint of reducing the environmental load. From the viewpoint of cost, the concentration is preferably 99 pMC (%) or less, more preferably 95 pMC (%) or less, still more preferably 90 pMC (%) or less, still more preferably 70 pMC (%) or less, and particularly preferably 50 pMC (%) or less.
The carbon 14 (14C) concentration of the polymer (I) or the polymer (II) can be adjusted by changing the ratio among the fossil resource-derived olefin, the plant-derived olefin, and the chemical recycled olefin used for producing the polyolefin resin.
The heterophasic propylene polymerization material or the olefin polymer in an example of use in the present invention can be preferably produced by the following production method comprising the steps of:
As used herein, the wording “olefin polymerization-use solid catalyst component” means to be an olefin polymerization catalyst that is preferably present as a solid content at least in toluene and is produced by using, in combination, an olefin polymerization catalyst aid such as an aluminum compound.
Part or all of the titanium atoms in the olefin polymerization-use solid catalyst component are derived from a titanium halide compound. Part or all of the halogen atoms in the olefin polymerization-use solid catalyst component are derived from a titanium halide compound.
Part or all of the magnesium atoms in the olefin polymerization-use solid catalyst component are derived from a magnesium compound. The magnesium compound may be a magnesium atom-containing compound, and specific examples thereof include compounds represented by the following formulas (iii) to (v):
Examples of X in the above formulas (iii) to (v) include a chlorine atom, a bromine atom, an iodine atom, or a fluorine atom. Here, a chlorine atom is preferable. Each X may be the same or different.
Specific examples of the magnesium compound represented by any of the formulas (iii) to (v) include magnesium dialkoxide or magnesium halide.
The magnesium halide used may be a commercially available magnesium halide as it is. A precipitate generated by dropping a solution, which is obtained by dissolving a commercially available magnesium halide in alcohol, into a hydrocarbon liquid may be separated from the liquid and used. The magnesium halide may be produced based on the method described in US-B-6, 825, 146, WO-A-1998/044009, WO-A-2003/000754, WO-A-2003/000757, or WO-A-2003/085006.
Examples of the method for producing magnesium dialkoxide include a method in which metallic magnesium and an alcohol are brought into contact with each other in the presence of a catalyst (e.g., JP-A-04-368391, JP-A-03-74341, JP-A-08-73388, WO-A-2013/058193). Examples of the alcohol include methanol, ethanol, propanol, butanol, or octanol. Examples of the catalyst include halogen (e.g., iodine, chlorine, bromine); or a magnesium halide (e.g., magnesium iodide, magnesium chloride). Preferred is iodine.
The magnesium compound may be supported on a carrier. Examples of the carrier include a porous inorganic oxide (e.g., SiO2, Al2O3, MgO, TiO2, ZrO2); or an organic porous polymer (e.g., polystyrene, a styrene-divinylbenzene copolymer, a styrene-ethylene glycol dimethacrylic acid copolymer, polymethyl acrylate, polyethyl acrylate, a methyl acrylate-divinylbenzene copolymer, polymethyl methacrylate, a methyl methacrylate-divinylbenzene copolymer, polyacrylonitrile, an acrylonitrile-divinylbenzene copolymer, polyvinyl chloride, polyethylene, polypropylene). Among them, a porous inorganic oxide is preferable, and SiO2 is more preferable.
The carrier is preferably porous from the viewpoint of effectively immobilizing a magnesium compound on the carrier. More preferred is a porous carrier in which the total pore volume of pores having a pore radius of 10 to 780 nm determined by a mercury intrusion method according to the standard ISO 15901-1: 2005 is 0.2 cm3/g or more. Still more preferred is a porous carrier with the total pore volume of 0.3 cm3/g or more. In addition, preferred is a porous carrier in which the total pore volume of pores having a pore radius of 10 to 780 nm is 15% or more based on the total pore volume of pores having a pore radius of 2 to 100 μm. More preferred is a porous carrier with the total pore volume of 20% or more.
The magnesium compound may be used singly or two or more kinds thereof may be used in combination. The magnesium compound may be brought into contact with a titanium halide compound solution in the form of a magnesium compound slurry containing a magnesium compound and a solvent as long as the effects are exerted in an example of use in the present invention, or may be brought into contact in a solvent-free form.
Part or all of the magnesium atoms in the olefin polymerization-use solid catalyst component are derived from a magnesium compound. In addition, part of the halogen atoms in the olefin polymerization-use solid catalyst component is derived from a magnesium compound.
The internal electron donor means an organic compound capable of donating an electron pair to one or more metal atoms contained in the olefin polymerization-use solid catalyst component. Specific examples thereof include a monoester compound, a dicarboxylic acid ester compound, a diol diester compound, a β-alkoxy ester compound, or a diether compound.
In addition, the examples also include the internal electron donor described in JP-A-2011-246699.
Among them, a dicarboxylic acid ester compound, a β-alkoxy ester compound, or a diether compound is preferable. The internal electron donor may be used singly or two or more kinds thereof may be used in combination.
The olefin polymerization-use solid catalyst component may be produced by the following method for producing an olefin polymerization-use solid catalyst component, the method comprising:
Preferably, in step (I) of the method for producing an olefin polymerization-use solid catalyst component, the magnesium compound is added to the titanium halide compound-containing solution; the internal electron donor is at least one compound selected from the group consisting of a monoester compound, a dicarboxylic acid ester compound, a diol diester compound, a β-alkoxy ester compound, and a diether compound; and the magnesium compound is magnesium dialkoxide.
In one embodiment, the olefin polymerization catalyst may be produced by bringing the olefin polymerization-use solid catalyst component into contact with an aluminum compound, for example, by a known procedure. Also, in another embodiment, the olefin polymerization catalyst may be produced by bringing the olefin polymerization-use solid catalyst component into contact with an aluminum compound and an external electron donor.
As a result, in one embodiment, the olefin polymerization catalyst contains the olefin polymerization-use solid catalyst component and an aluminum compound. Alternatively, in another embodiment, the olefin polymerization catalyst contains the olefin polymerization-use solid catalyst component, an aluminum compound, and an external electron donor.
The aluminum compound is a compound having one or more carbon-aluminum bonds or halogen-aluminum bonds, and specific examples thereof include the compound described in JP H10-A-212319 or aluminum trihalide (AlX3: X is halogen). Among them, the aluminum compound is preferably trialkylaluminum, dialkylaluminum halide, alkylaluminum dihalide, aluminum trihalide, a mixture of trialkylaluminum and dialkylaluminum halide, or alkylalumoxane, and more preferably triethylaluminum.
Examples of the external electron donor can include each compound described in JP-B-2950168, JP-A-2006-96936, JP-A-2009-173870, or JP-A-2010-168545. Among them, an oxygen-containing compound or a nitrogen-containing compound is preferable. Examples of the oxygen-containing compound include an alkoxysilicon compound, ether, ester, or ketone. Among them, an alkoxysilicon compound or ether is preferable. Examples of the nitrogen-containing compound include aminosilicon, amine, imine, amide, imide, or cyan. Among them, an aminosilicon compound is preferable.
The alkoxysilicon compound or the aminosilicon compound as the external electron donor is preferably a silicon compound represented by the following formula such that
Examples of the hydrocarbyl group of R8′ or R9 in the above formula (i) include an alkyl group, an aralkyl group, an aryl group, or an alkenyl group. Examples of the alkyl group of R8′ or R9 include a linear alkyl group (e.g., a methyl, ethyl, n-propyl, n-butyl, n-pentyl, n-hexyl, n-heptyl, or n-octyl group); a branched alkyl group (e.g., an iso-propyl, iso-butyl, tert-butyl, iso-pentyl, neopentyl, or 2-ethylhexyl group); or a cyclic alkyl group (e.g., a cyclopropyl, cyclobutyl, cyclopentyl, cyclohexyl, cycloheptyl, or cyclooctyl group). Preferred is a linear, branched, or cyclic C1-20 alkyl group. Examples of the aralkyl group of R8′ or R9 include a benzyl group or a phenethyl group, and a C7-20 aralkyl group is preferable. Examples of the aryl group of R8′ or R9 include a phenyl group, a tolyl group, or a xylyl group, and a C6-20 aryl group is preferable. Examples of the alkenyl group of R8′ or R9 include a linear alkenyl group (e.g., a vinyl, allyl, 3-butenyl, or 5-hexenyl group); a branched alkenyl group (e.g., an iso-butenyl or 5-methyl-3 pentenyl group); or a cyclic alkenyl group (e.g., a 2-cyclohexenyl or 3-cyclohexenyl group). Preferred is a C2-10 alkenyl group.
Specific examples of the alkoxysilicon compound represented by the above formula (i) include cyclohexylmethyldi, methoxysilane, cyclohexylethyldimethoxysilane, diisopropyldimethoxysilane, tert-butyl ethyl dimethoxysilane, tert-butyl n-propyl dimethoxysilane, phenyltrimethoxysilane, triethoxyphenylsilane, diphenyldimethoxysilane, dicyclobutyldimethoxysilane, dicyclopentyldimethoxysilane, tetraethoxysilane, methyltriethoxysilane, ethyltriethoxysilane, isobutyltriethoxysilane, vinyltriethoxysilane, sec-butyltriethoxysilane, cyclohexyltriethoxysilane, or cyclopentyltriethoxysilane. Preferred is tert-butyl n-propyl dimethoxysilane.
Examples of the hydrocarbyl group of R10 in the above formula (ii) include the same groups as of R8′ or R9 in the above formula.
Examples of the hydrocarbyl group of R11 or R12 in the above formula (ii) include an alkyl group or an alkenyl group. Examples of the alkyl group of R11 or R12 include a linear alkyl group (e.g., a methyl, ethyl, n-propyl, n-butyl, n-pentyl, or n-hexyl group); a branched alkyl group (e.g., an iso-propyl, iso-butyl, tert-butyl, iso-pentyl, or neopentyl group); or a cyclic alkyl group (e.g., a cyclopropyl, cyclobutyl, cyclopentyl, or cyclohexyl group). Preferred is a C1-6 linear alkyl group. Examples of the alkenyl group of R4 or R5 include a linear alkenyl group (e.g., a vinyl, allyl, 3-butenyl, or 5-hexenyl group); a branched alkenyl group (e.g., an iso-butenyl or 5-methyl-3 pentenyl group); or a cyclic alkenyl group (e.g., a 2-cyclohexenyl or 3-cyclohexenyl group). A linear C2-6 alkenyl group is preferable, and a methyl group or an ethyl group is particularly preferable.
Specific examples of the aminosilicon compound represented by the above formula (ii) include bis(ethylamino)dicyclopentylsilane, bis(ethylamino)diisopropylsilane, or bis(methylamino)di-tert-butylsilane. Preferable examples include bis(ethylamino)dicyclopentylsilane.
The aminosilicon compound described in WO-A-2006/129773 can also be exemplified.
The ether as the external electron donor is preferably a cyclic ether compound. The cyclic ether compound is a heterocyclic compound having at least one —C—O—C— bond in the ring structure, more preferably a cyclic ether compound having at least one —C—O—C—O—C— bond in the ring structure, and particularly preferably 1,3-dioxolane or 1,3-dioxane.
The external electron donor may be used singly or two or more kinds thereof may be used in combination.
The process of bringing the olefin polymerization-use solid catalyst component into contact with an aluminum compound and an external electron donor is not particularly limited as long as the olefin polymerization catalyst can be generated. The contact is carried out in the presence or absence of a solvent. The contact mixture may be fed into a polymerization reactor; each component may be separately supplied to a polymerization reactor and brought into contact in the polymerization reactor; or the contact mixture of any two components and the rest components may be separately supplied to a polymerization reactor and brought into contact in the polymerization reactor.
The amount of aluminum compound used is usually from 0.01 to 1000 μmol and preferably from 0.1 to 700 μmol, based on 1 mg of the olefin polymerization-use solid catalyst component.
The amount of the external electron donor used is usually from 0.0001 to 1000 μmol, preferably from 0.001 to 500 μmol, and more preferably from 0.01 to 150 μmol, based on 1 mg of the olefin polymerization-use solid catalyst component.
In the production method in an example of use in the present invention, an olefin is polymerized in the presence of the above-described olefin polymerization catalyst.
In one embodiment, the method for forming an olefin polymerization catalyst may preferably include the following steps:
The prepolymerization is preferably slurry polymerization using, as a solvent, inert hydrocarbon such as propane, butane, isobutane, pentane, isopentane, hexane, heptane, octane, cyclohexane, benzene, or toluene.
The amount of aluminum compound used in step (i) above is usually from 0.5 mol to 700 mol, preferably from 0.8 mol to 500 mol, and particularly preferably from 1 mol to 200 mol, based on 1 mol of titanium atoms in the solid catalyst component used in step (i).
The amount of olefin to be prepolymerized is usually from 0.01 g to 1000 g, preferably from 0.05 g to 500 g, and particularly preferably from 0.1 g to 200 g, based on 1 g of the olefin polymerization-use solid catalyst component used in step (i).
The slurry concentration of olefin polymerization-use solid catalyst component during slurry polymerization in step (i) is preferably 1 to 500 g of olefin polymerization-use solid catalyst component per liter of solvent, and particularly preferably 3 to 300 g of olefin polymerization-use solid catalyst component per liter of solvent.
The temperature of the prepolymerization is preferably from −20° C. to 100° C., and particularly preferably from 0° C. to 80° C. The partial pressure of olefin in the gas phase during the prepolymerization is preferably from 0.01 MPa to 2 MPa, and particularly preferably from 0.1 MPa to 1 MPa, but this is not the case for an olefin that is liquid at the pressure or temperature of the prepolymerization. The prepolymerization time is preferably 2 minutes to 15 hours.
Examples of a method of supplying an olefin polymerization-use solid catalyst component, an aluminum compound, and an olefin to a polymerization reactor during prepolymerization include the following methods (1) and (2):
Examples of a method of supplying an olefin to a polymerization reactor during prepolymerization include the following methods (1) and (2):
The amount of external electron donor used during prepolymerization is usually from 0.01 mol to 400 mol, preferably from 0.02 mol to 200 mol, and particularly preferably from 0.03 mol to 100 mol, based on 1 mol of titanium atoms contained in the olefin polymerization-use solid catalyst component, and is usually from 0.003 mol to 50 mol, preferably from 0.005 mol to 30 mol, and particularly preferably from 0.01 mol to 10 mol, based on 1 mol of the aluminum compound.
Examples of a method of supplying an external electron donor to a polymerization reactor during prepolymerization include the following methods (1) and (2):
The amount of aluminum compound used in the main polymerization is usually from 1 mol to 1000 mol, and particularly preferably from 5 mol to 600 mol, based on 1 mol of titanium atoms in the olefin polymerization-use solid catalyst component.
When an external electron donor is used in the main polymerization, the amount of external electron donor used is usually from 0.1 mol to 2000 mol, preferably from 0.3 mol to 1000 mol, and particularly preferably from 0.5 mol to 800 mol, based on 1 mol of titanium atoms contained in the olefin polymerization-use solid catalyst component, and is usually from 0.001 mol to 5 mol, preferably from 0.005 mol to 3 mol, and particularly preferably from 0.01 mol to 1 mol, based on 1 mol of the aluminum compound.
The temperature of the main polymerization is usually from −30° C. to 300° C., and preferably from 20° C. to 180° C. The polymerization pressure is not particularly limited, and is generally from normal pressure to 10 MPa and preferably from about 200 kPa to 5 MPa from the viewpoint of industrial and economic efficiency. The polymerization is batch-type or continuous polymerization, and examples of the polymerization process include a slurry polymerization process or a solution polymerization process using, as a solvent, inert hydrocarbon (e.g., propane, butane, isobutane, pentane, hexane, heptane, octane), a bulk polymerization process using, as a medium, an olefin that is liquid at the polymerization temperature, or a gas phase polymerization process.
In order to adjust the molecular weight of polymer produced by the main polymerization, a chain transfer agent (e.g., hydrogen, alkyl zinc (e.g., dimethyl zinc, diethyl zinc)) may be used.
In an example of use in the present invention, a method for producing a heterophasic propylene polymerization material is as follows:
Preferably, the contact product is present in a gas-phase polymerization step in the first polymerization step.
In an example of use in the present invention, a method for producing a heterophasic propylene polymerization material may be as follows:
Preferably, the copolymerization may be performed after the contact product and the polymer (I) are brought into contact with each other in the second polymerization step.
In the method for producing a heterophasic propylene polymerization material according to an example of use in the present invention, propylene, for example, is polymerized in the presence of the olefin polymerization catalyst.
An example of the method for producing a heterophasic propylene polymerization material will be described. This production method includes the first and second polymerization steps.
First polymerization step: at least one step selected from the group consisting of step 1-a of polymerizing a propylene-containing monomer in a liquid phase under a condition where a hydrogen/propylene ratio is appropriate to obtain at least part of a propylene-based polymer (α) and step 1-b of polymerizing a propylene-containing monomer in a gas phase under a condition where a hydrogen/propylene ratio is appropriate to obtain at least part of a propylene-based polymer (α); and
Provided that as used herein, the hydrogen/propylene ratio is defined as follows.
In the case of polymerization in the liquid phase, the hydrogen/propylene ratio refers to the ratio of the substance amount of hydrogen as a gas to the substance amount of propylene as a liquid in the reactor supply unit.
In the case of polymerization in the gas phase, the hydrogen/propylene ratio refers to the ratio of the substance amount of hydrogen as a gas to the substance amount of propylene as a gas at the reactor outlet.
As used herein, for example, the phrase “the hydrogen/propylene ratio is 1 mol ppm” has the same meaning as “the hydrogen/propylene ratio is 1×10−6 mol/mol”, and means that 1×10−6 mol of hydrogen is present per mol of propylene.
The hydrogen/propylene ratio is usually from 0.00001 to 10 mol/mol, preferably from 0.0001 to 1 mol/mol, and more preferably from 0.001 to 0.5 mol/mol.
[Step 1-a]
In step 1-a, for example, a liquid phase polymerization reactor may be used to polymerize a propylene-containing monomer in the presence of a polymerization catalyst and hydrogen. The composition of the monomer used for polymerization may be adjusted, if appropriate, based on the type and content of the structural unit constituting the propylene-based polymer (a). The content of propylene in the monomer may be, for example, 80 mass % or more, 90 mass % or more, or 100 mass % based on the total mass of the monomer.
Examples of the liquid-phase polymerization reactor include a loop-type liquid phase reactor or a vessel-type liquid phase reactor.
Examples of the polymerization catalyst include a Ziegler-Natta catalyst or a metallocene catalyst, and a Ziegler-Natta catalyst is preferable. The Ziegler-Natta type catalyst is, for example, a catalyst containing the above-described olefin polymerization-use solid catalyst component, an aluminum compound, and an electron donating compound. A catalyst pre-activated by bringing a small amount of olefin into contact may also be used as a polymerization catalyst.
The polymerization catalyst used may be a prepolymerization catalyst component obtained by prepolymerizing an olefin in the presence of, for example, the above-described olefin polymerization-use solid catalyst component, n-hexane, triethylaluminum, and/or tert-butyl n-propyl dimethoxysilane. The olefin used in the prepolymerization is preferably any of the olefins constituting the heterophasic propylene polymerization material.
The polymerization temperature may be, for example, from 0 to 120° C. The polymerization pressure may be, for example, from normal pressure to 10 MPaG.
Step 1-a may be carried out continuously at multiple stages in series while using multiple reactors.
[Step 1-b]
In step 1-b, for example, a gas-phase polymerization reactor may be used to polymerize a propylene-containing monomer in the presence of a polymerization catalyst and hydrogen. The configuration of the monomer used for polymerization may be adjusted, if appropriate, based on the type and content of the structural unit constituting the propylene-based polymer (a). The content of propylene in the monomer may be, for example, 80 mass % or more, 90 mass % or more, or 100 mass % based on the total mass of the monomer.
Examples of the gas-phase polymerization reactor include a vessel-type reactor, a fluidized-bed-type reactor, or a spouted-bed-type reactor.
The gas-phase polymerization reactor may be a multistage gas-phase polymerization reactor having a plurality of reaction zones connected in series. The multistage gas-phase polymerization reactor may be a multistage gas-phase polymerization reactor having a plurality of polymerization tanks connected in series. According to such an apparatus, it is considered to be easy to adjust the intrinsic viscosity of the propylene-based polymer (a) to the above range.
The multistage gas-phase polymerization reactor may include, for example, a cylindrical section extending in a vertical direction and a tapered section formed and tapered downward in the cylindrical section and having a gas introduction opening at a lower end, and may be provided with: a spouted-bed-type olefin polymerization reaction zone having a spouted layer formed inside and surrounded by an inner surface of the tapered section and an inner surface of the cylindrical section disposed above the tapered section; and a fluidized-bed-type olefin polymerization reaction zone.
The multistage gas-phase polymerization reactor preferably has a plurality of reaction zones in the vertical direction. The multistage gas-phase polymerization reactor has, for example, a plurality of reaction zones in the vertical direction from the viewpoint of the intrinsic viscosity of the propylene-based polymer (a). Preferably, the uppermost stage is a fluidized-bed-type olefin polymerization reaction zone, and the rest are a plurality of spouted-bed-type olefin polymerization reaction zones. In such an apparatus, for example, a solid component is supplied from an upper part of the apparatus, and a gas component is supplied from a lower part of the apparatus, thereby forming a fluidized bed or a spouted bed in the corresponding reaction zone. The gas component may contain an inert gas (e.g., nitrogen) in addition to the propylene-containing monomer and hydrogen. In the apparatus, the number of spouted-bed-type olefin polymerization reaction zones is preferably 3 or more.
When the plurality of reaction zones are disposed in the vertical direction, the reaction zone (s) in the lower stage may be arranged obliquely downward of the reaction zone (s) in the upper stage. In such an apparatus, for example, the solid component obtained in an upper reaction zone is discharged in the obliquely downward direction, and the discharged solid component is supplied to a lower reaction zone from the obliquely upward direction. In this case, for example, the gas component discharged from the upper part of the lower reaction zone is supplied from the lower part of the upper reaction zone.
Specific examples of the polymerization catalyst are as described above.
The polymerization temperature may be, for example, from 0 to 120° C., from 20 to 100° C., or from 40 to 100° C. The polymerization pressure may be, for example, from normal pressure to 10 MPaG or from 1 to 5 MPaG.
The second polymerization step may be performed in a liquid phase or a gas phase, but is performed in a gas phase, for example. In the case of a liquid phase, for example, a liquid phase reactor (e.g., a loop-type or vessel-type reactor) may be used. In the case of a gas phase, for example, a gas phase reactor (e.g., a vessel-type reactor, a fluidized-bed-type reactor, a spouted-bed-type reactor) may be used.
The second polymerization step includes polymerizing a monomer containing propylene and at least one α-olefin selected from the group consisting of ethylene and C4-12 α-olefins in the presence of a polymerization catalyst and hydrogen. The configuration of the monomer used for polymerization may be adjusted, if appropriate, based on the type and content of the structural unit constituting the propylene-based copolymer (b). The content of at least one α-olefin selected from the group consisting of ethylene and C4-12 α-olefins in the monomer used for polymerization may be, for example, from 30 to 55 mass % or from 35 to 50 mass& based on the total mass of the monomer.
Specific examples of the polymerization catalyst are as described above.
In the case of polymerization in a liquid phase, the polymerization temperature is, for example, from 40 to 100° C., and the polymerization pressure is, for example, from normal pressure to 5 MPaG. In the case of polymerization in a gas phase, the polymerization temperature is, for example, from 40 to 100° C., and the polymerization pressure is, for example, from 0.5 to 5 MPaG.
The propylene-based polymer (a) and the propylene-based copolymer (b) may be prepared in the respective steps, the polymerization catalyst may be deactivated, and the propylene-based polymer (a) and the propylene-based copolymer (b) may then be mixed in a solution state, a molten state, or the like. However, a polymer may be continuously prepared by supplying the resulting polymer to the next step without deactivating the catalyst. When polymerization is continuously performed without deactivating the catalyst, the polymerization catalyst in the previous step also acts as a polymerization catalyst in the subsequent step.
The order of the first polymerization step and the second polymerization step is not particularly limited. The first polymerization step may include steps 1-a and 1-b.
The production method according to this embodiment may include, in sequence, step 1-a, step 1-b, and the second polymerization step. Step 1-b may not be included.
In an example of use in the present invention, a method for producing an olefin polymer is as follows:
Preferably, the step of forming an olefin polymer by continuously polymerizing at least two kind selected from the group consisting of ethylene, propylene, and C4-12 α-olefins is a step of forming an olefin polymer by continuously polymerizing at least one kind selected from the group consisting of ethylene, propylene, and C4-12 α-olefins.
In an example of use in the present invention, a method for producing an olefin polymer may be as follows:
Preferably, the step of forming an olefin polymer by continuously polymerizing at least two kind selected from the group consisting of ethylene, propylene, and C4-12 α-olefins is a step of forming an olefin polymer by continuously polymerizing at least one kind selected from the group consisting of ethylene, propylene, and C4-12 α-olefins.
In the method for producing an olefin polymer according to an example of use in the present invention, the amount of antioxidant in the contact product may be preferably from 0.0001 to 1 part by weight, more preferably from 0.001 to 0.5 parts by weight, and still more preferably from 0.002 to 0.3 parts by weight, based on 100 parts by weight of the olefin polymer (α).
In the method for producing an olefin polymer according to an example of use in the present invention, the “step of forming an olefin polymer by continuous polymerization” may be a step equivalent to the “second polymerization step” in the method for producing a heterophasic propylene polymerization material according to an example of use in the present invention.
The olefin polymer (α) is preferably a “propylene polymer”, and more preferably the polymer (I). The olefin polymer (α) may be produced by a step equivalent to the “first polymerization step” in the method for producing a heterophasic propylene polymerization material according to an example of use in the present invention.
In an example of use in the present invention, the method for producing an olefin polymer is preferably the method for producing a heterophasic propylene polymerization material.
In an example of use in the present invention, the olefin polymer obtained through the method for producing an olefin polymer is preferably the above heterophasic propylene polymerization material.
The antioxidant used in the production method in an example of use in the present invention is an antioxidant represented by the following formula (1) or formula (2):
In the above formula, preferably n=1 or 4.
Examples of the antioxidant represented by formula (1) or an antioxidant which is not represented by formula (1) but can be used in the present invention include the following:
2,6-di-tert butyl-4-ethylphenol, 2-tert-butyl-4,6-dimethylphenol, styrenated phenol, 2,2′-methylenebis(4-ethyl-6-tert-butylphenol), 2,2′-thiobis-(6-tert-butyl-4-methylphenol), 2,2′-thiodiethylenebis[3-(3,5-di-tert-butyl 4-hydroxyphenyl) propionate], 2-methyl-4,6-bis(octylsulfanylmethyl) phenol, 2,2′-isobutylidenebis(4,6-dimethylphenol), isooctyl 3-(3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl) propionate, N, N′-(hexan-1,6-diyl)bis[3-(3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl) propionamide, 2,2′-oxamide-bis[ethyl-3-(3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl) propionate], 2-ethylhexyl-3-(3′,5′-di-tert-butyl-4′-hydroxyphenyl) propionate, 2,2′-ethylenebis(4,6-di-tert-butylphenol), a C13-15 alkyl ester of 3,5-bis(1,1-dimethylethyl)-4-hydroxy-benzenepropanoic acid, 2,5-di-tert-amylhydroquinone, a polymer of hindered phenol (trade name: AO.OH. 998; manufactured by Palmarole), 2,2′-methylenebis[6-(1-methylcyclohexyl)-p-cresol], 2-tert-butyl-6-(3-tert-butyl-2 hydroxy-5-methylbenzyl-4-methylphenylacrylate, 2-[1-(2-hydroxy-3,5-di-tert-pentylphenyl)ethyl]-4,6-di-tert-pentylphenylacrylate hexamethylenebis[3-(3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl) propionate], bis[monoethyl(3,5-di-tert-butyl-4 hydroxybenzyl)phosphonate calcium salt, a reaction product of 5,7-bis(1,1-dimethylethyl)-3 hydroxy-2 (3H)-benzofuranone with o-xylene, 2,6-di-tert-butyl-4-(4,6-bis(octylthio)-1,3,5-triazin-2-ylamino phenol, DL-α-tocopherol (vitamin E), 2,6-bis(α-methylbenzyl)-4-methylphenol, bis[3,3-bis-(4′-hydroxy-3′-tert-butyl-phenyl)butylate] glycol ester, 2,6-di-tert-butyl-p-cresol, 2,6-diphenyl-4-octadecyloxyphenol, stearyl(3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl) propionate, distearyl(3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxybenzyl)phosphonate, tridecyl-3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxybenzylthioacetate, thiodiethylenebis[(3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl) propionate], 4,4′-thiobis(6-tert-butyl-m-cresol), 2-octylthio-4,6-di(3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenoxy)-s-triazine, 2,2′-methylenebis(4-methyl-6 tert-butylphenol), bis[3,3-bis(4-hydroxy-3 tert-butylphenyl) butyric acid] glycol ester, 4,4′-butylidenebis(2,6-di-tert-butylphenol), 4,4′-butylidenebis(6-tert-butyl-3-methylphenol), 2,2′-ethylidenebis(4,6-di-tert-butylphenol), 1,1,3-tris(2-methyl-4-hydroxy-5-tert-butylphenyl) butane, bis[2-tert-butyl-6-(2-hydroxy-3-tert-butyl-5-methylbenzyl)-4 methyl-phenyl]terephthalate, 1,3,5-tris(2,6-dimethyl-3-hydroxy-4-tert-butylbenzyl) isocyanuate, 1,3,5-tris(3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxybenzyl) isocyanurate, 1,3,5-tris(3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxybenzyl)-2,4,6-trimethylbenzene, 1,3,5-tris[(3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl) propionyloxyethyl]isocyanurate, pentaerythritol tetrakis[3-(3′,5′-di-tert-butyl-4′-hydroxyphenyl) propionate], octadecyl 3-(3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl) propionate, 2-tert-butyl-4 methyl-6-(2-acryloyloxy-3-tert-butyl-5-methylbenzyl) phenol, 3,9-bis[2-(3-tert-butyl-4-hydroxy-5-methylhydrocinnamoyloxy)-1,1-dimethylethyl]-2,4,8,10-tetraoxaspiro[5.5]undecane, triethylene glycol bis[β-(3-tert-butyl-4-hydroxy-5-methylphenyl) propionate], stearyl-3-(3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl) propionamide, palmityl-3-(3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl) propionate amide, myristyl-3-(3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl) propionamide, lauryl-3-(3,5-di-tert-butyl-4 hydroxyphenyl) propionamide, or mixtures thereof.
Examples of the particularly preferred phenolic antioxidant include pentaerythritol tetrakis[3-(3′,5′-di-tert-butyl-4′-hydroxyphenyl) propionate] or octadecyl 3-(3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl) propionate.
Examples of the antioxidant represented by formula (2) include those described in Japanese Patent No. 4193223. Examples of the particularly preferred phenol phosphite-based antioxidant include 6-[3-[3-(3-tert-butyl-4 hydroxy-5-methylphenyl)propoxy]-2,4,8,10-tetra-tert-butyl dibenzi[d,f][1,3,2]dioxaphosphepine.
In addition, a phosphorus-based antioxidant may be used in combination with the formula (1) or (2). Examples of the phosphorus-based antioxidant include the following: triphenyl phosphite, tris(nonylphenyl) phosphite, tris(2,4-di-tert-butylphenyl) phosphite, trilauryl phosphite, trioctadecyl phosphite, triisodecyl phosphite, triisooctyl phosphite, distearyl pentaerythritol diphosphite, diisodecyl pentaerythritol diphosphite, bis(2,4-di-tert-butylphenyl) pentaerythritol diphosphite, bis(2,4-di-tert-butyl-6-methylphenyl) pentaerythritol diphosphite, bis(2,6-di-tert-butyl-4-methylphenyl) pentaerythritol diphosphite, bis(2,4,6-tri-tert-butylphenyl) pentaerythritol diphosphite, tristearyl sorbitol triphosphite, tetrakis(2,4-di-tert-butylphenyl)-4,4′-diphenylene diphosphonite, 2,2′-methylenebis(4,6-di-tert-butylphenyl)-2-ethylhexyl phosphite, 2,2′-ethylidenebis(4,6-di-tert-butylphenyl) fluorophosphite, bis(2,4-di-tert-butyl-6-methylphenyl)ethyl phosphite, bis(2,4-di-tert-butyl-6-methylphenyl)methyl phosphite, 2-(2,4,6-tri-tert-butylphenyl)-5-ethyl-5-butyl-1,3,2-oxaphospholinane, 2,2′,2′ ‘-nitrilo[triethyl-tris(3,3’,5,5′-tetra-tert-butyl-1,1′-biphenyl-2,2′-diyl)phosphite, or mixtures thereof.
Examples of the particularly preferred phosphorus-based antioxidant include tris(2,4-di-tert-butylphenyl)phosphite.
In the present invention, the aluminum compound may be preferably the same as the aluminum compound in the olefin polymerization catalyst, and is more preferably triethylaluminum or triisobutylaluminum.
The antioxidant mixture can be obtained by bringing the aluminum compound and the antioxidant into contact at a ratio of 0.1 to 20 mmol, preferably 1 to 15 mmol, of the aluminum compound based on 1 g of the antioxidant.
The antioxidant mixture can be considered not only as a simple mixed solution but also as a contact product resulting from a reaction. The chemical structural formula of the contact product is not necessarily clear. However, one example may be a contact product with an antioxidant masked by a reaction of an aluminum compound with a —OH group in the antioxidant as in the following reaction scheme (scheme of reaction of the antioxidant represented by formula (1) with an aluminum compound (AlEt3: triethylaluminum)).
Hereinafter, the present invention will be described more specifically with reference to Examples and Comparative Example. However, the invention is not limited to the Examples below.
<To Measure Intrinsic Viscosity [η] (Unit: dL/g)>
A tetralin solution (with concentrations of 0.1 g/dL, 0.2 g/dL, and 0.5 g/dL) containing a propylene-based polymer or a heterophasic propylene polymerization material was prepared. Thereafter, the reduced viscosity of the tetralin solution was measured at 135° C. using an Ubbelohde-type viscometer. Each intrinsic viscosity was then determined by the calculation method described in page 491 of “Polymer Solution, Polymer Experimentation 11” (published by KYORITSU SHUPPAN CO., LTD., 1982), that is, the extrapolation method in which the reduced viscosity is plotted with respect to the concentration and the concentration is extrapolated to zero.
In accordance with IR spectrum measurement described on page 619 of Polymer Analysis Handbook (1995, published by KINOKUNIYA COMPANY LTD.), the content of ethylene structural unit in the heterophasic propylene polymerization material as obtained by an IR spectrum method was determined. The content of ethylene structural unit in the heterophasic propylene polymerization material was divided by the content of the polymer (II) in the heterophasic propylene polymerization material to determine the content of ethylene structural unit in the polymer (II). Note that the proportion of polymer (II) in the heterophasic propylene polymerization material was determined by a method described later. Also note that the term “ethylene structural unit” as used herein means a structural unit derived from ethylene.
The heat of fusion (unit: J/g) of the heterophasic propylene polymerization material was measured using a differential scanning calorimeter (DSC). A sample (about 5 mg) of the heterophasic propylene polymerization material was filled in an aluminum pan, and placed in a differential scanning calorimeter, a DSC 8500 model apparatus (manufactured by PerkinElmer, Inc.). The temperature was raised to 230° C., and the sample was kept at 230° C. for 5 minutes; and the temperature was lowered to 0° C. at a rate of 5° C./min, and the sample was kept at 0° C. for 5 minutes. The temperature was corrected by setting the melting point of indium to 156.6° C. The heat of fusion was calculated from the fusion peak area in the melting curve, and the content of polymer (II) was then determined using the following formula (1):
In the kneading deterioration test for the heterophasic propylene polymerization material, a tabletop kneader (DSM Xplore), manufactured by Xplore, was used to perform codirectional biaxial kneading under atmospheric conditions at 200° C. and a rotation speed of 100 rpm. The amount of heterophasic propylene polymer sample injected was 12 g. Based on the torque value at 5 minutes after the start of kneading, the time required for the torque value to decrease by 15% was used as the stability index of the polymer.
A sample (propylene-based polymer or heterophasic propylene polymerization material) was dissolved in boiling xylene, and the resulting xylene solution was then cooled to precipitate a cold xylene insoluble component. The obtained mixture was filtered, and the propylene-based polymer or the heterophasic propylene polymerization material (cold xylene soluble component) dissolved in the resulting filtrate was quantified by liquid chromatography (LC).
The isotactic pentad fraction of propylene-based polymer or polymer (I) in the heterophasic propylene polymerization material was measured in accordance with a method using a 13C-NMR spectrum described in Macromolecules, 6,925 (1973) by A. Zambelli et al. Each absorption peak obtained by 13C-NMR spectrum was assigned based on Macromolecules, 8, 687 (1975). Specifically, the ratio of the area of the mmmm peak to the area of all the absorption peaks of the methyl carbon region as obtained by 13C-NMR spectrum was determined as the isotactic pentad fraction. Note that the isotactic pentad fraction of the NPL standard CRM No. M 19-14 Polypropylene PP/MWD/2 of NATIONAL PHYSICAL LABORATORY in the UK as determined by this method was 94.4. 13C-NMR measurement was performed under the following conditions.
The gas in a 200-L SUS reactor with a stirrer was replaced with nitrogen gas, and toluene (52.8 L) was then added and stirred. Next, magnesium diethoxide (10.8 kg) was added thereto to prepare a slurry. The temperature of the obtained slurry was adjusted to 0° C. or lower, and titanium tetrachloride (33.0 L) was then added in three portions while stirring. The resulting mixture was kept at a temperature not exceeding 3ºC for 30 minutes. Ethyl 2-ethoxymethyl-3,3-dimethylbutanoate (0.76 kg) was added to the resulting mixture, the temperature was raised to 10° C., and the mixture was then kept for 120 minutes. Toluene (14.3 L) was added to the resulting mixture, the temperature was raised to 60° C., and ethyl 2-ethoxymethyl-3,3-dimethylbutanoate (4.0 kg) was then added thereto at the same temperature. The mixture obtained was then heated to 110° C. and stirred at the same temperature for 180 minutes. The resulting mixture was subjected to solid-liquid separation at 110° C., and the resulting solid was then washed three times with toluene (83 L) at 95° C. Toluene (34 L) was added to the resulting mixture, and titanium tetrachloride (22 L) and ethyl 2-ethoxymethyl-3,3-dimethylbutanoate (0.95 kg) were then added thereto at 60° C. The mixture obtained was heated to 110° C. and stirred at the same temperature for 30 minutes. The resulting mixture was subjected to solid-liquid separation at 110° C., and the resulting solid was then washed three times with toluene (83 L) at 95° C. The mixture obtained was washed with hexane (83 L) 3 times and then dried to produce an olefin polymerization-use solid catalyst component (1) (10.6 kg).
The inside of a stainless steel autoclave (hereinafter, referred to as an “autoclave 1”) having an internal volume of 5 L and equipped with a stirrer was dried under reduced pressure. Thereafter, the gas in the autoclave 1 was replaced with argon gas and cooled. The inside of the autoclave 1 was then evacuated.
In a glass charger, heptane, triethylaluminum (0.5 mmol), tert-butyl-n-propyldimethoxysilane (0.15 mmol), and the olefin polymerization-use solid catalyst component (1) (16.3 mg) were brought into contact with one another. The resulting contact product was put into the autoclave 1. Thereafter, liquefied propylene (1300 g) was fed into the autoclave 1, and hydrogen gas (partial pressure: 0.30 MPa) was then supplied. After that, the temperature in the autoclave 1 was raised to 50° C. to start polymerization. At 20 minutes after the start of polymerization, the unreacted gas was purged to the outside of the polymerization system. The intrinsic viscosity [η]I of the propylene-based polymer sampled was 1.11 dL/g.
Hexane (9 mL), triisobutylaluminum (3.0 mmol), pentaerythritol tetrakis[3-(3′,5′-di-tert-butyl-4′-hydroxyphenyl) propionate] (0.3 g), and tris(2,4-di-t-butylphenyl)phosphite (0.6 g) were brought into contact in a stainless steel container. The inside of the stainless steel container was pressurized with argon so that the gauge pressure was 0.8 MPa. The material was then stored for 4 days. The resulting stored product was charged into the autoclave 1 having an internal temperature of 40° C., and hydrogen gas (partial pressure: 0.07 MPa) was then supplied.
After the autoclave 1 and an autoclave (hereinafter, referred to as an “autoclave 2”) having an internal volume of 3 L were connected, the inside of the autoclave 2 was evacuated. Thereafter, propylene (370 g) and ethylene (180 g) were fed into the autoclave 2. The internal temperature of the autoclave 2 was raised to 90° C., the obtained mixed gas was continuously fed to the autoclave 1, and polymerization was performed at a polymerization pressure of 1.5 MPa and an internal temperature of 70° C. for 23 minutes. After that, the gas in the autoclave 1 was purged to terminate the polymerization. The heterophasic propylene polymerization material thus produced was dried under reduced pressure at 70° C. for 1 hour to prepare a heterophasic propylene polymerization material (1) (711 g).
The resulting heterophasic propylene polymerization material (1) had an intrinsic viscosity [η]whole of 1.45 dl/g. The resulting heterophasic propylene polymerization material (1) had a polymer (II) content of 24 mass %. In addition, the heterophasic propylene polymerization material (1) had an ethylene structural unit content of 12 mass %.
The heterophasic propylene polymerization material (1) obtained was subjected to a kneading deterioration test. Table 1 and
The heterophasic propylene polymerization material (1) thus obtained was freeze-pulverized and immersed in tetrahydrofuran, and was then subjected to ultrasonic extraction. The obtained extract was measured with a high-performance liquid chromatograph-UV absorbance detector (HPLC-UVD). As a result, 91 wtppm pentaerythritol tetrakis[3-(3′,5′-di-tert-butyl-4′-hydroxyphenyl) propionate] was detected.
The inside of a stainless steel autoclave (hereinafter, referred to as an “autoclave 1”) having an internal volume of 5 L and equipped with a stirrer was dried under reduced pressure. Thereafter, the gas in the autoclave 1 was replaced with argon gas and cooled. The inside of the autoclave 1 was then evacuated.
In a glass charger, heptane, triethylaluminum (0.5 mmol), tert-butyl-n-propyldimethoxysilane (0.15 mmol), and the olefin polymerization-use solid catalyst component (1) (15.5 mg) were brought into contact with one another. The resulting contact product was put into the autoclave 1. Thereafter, liquefied propylene (1300 g) was fed into the autoclave 1, and hydrogen gas (partial pressure: 0.30 MPa) was then supplied. After that, the temperature in the autoclave 1 was raised to 50° C. to start polymerization. At 20 minutes after the start of polymerization, the unreacted gas was purged to the outside of the polymerization system. The intrinsic viscosity [η]I of the propylene-based polymer sampled was 1.11 dL/g.
Hexane (9 mL), triisobutylaluminum (3.0 mmol), pentaerythritol tetrakis[3-(3′,5′-di-tert-butyl-4′-hydroxyphenyl) propionate] (0.3 g), and tris(2,4-di-t-butylphenyl)phosphite (0.6 g) were brought into contact in a stainless steel container. The inside of the stainless steel container was pressurized with argon so that the gauge pressure was 0.4 MPa. The material was then stored for 4 days. The resulting stored product was charged into the autoclave 1 having an internal temperature of 40° C., and hydrogen gas (partial pressure: 0.07 MPa) was then supplied.
After the autoclave 1 and an autoclave (hereinafter, referred to as an “autoclave 2”) having an internal volume of 3 L were connected, the inside of the autoclave 2 was evacuated. Thereafter, propylene (370 g) and ethylene (180 g) were fed into the autoclave 2. The internal temperature of the autoclave 2 was raised to 90° C., the obtained mixed gas was continuously fed to the autoclave 1, and polymerization was performed at a polymerization pressure of 1.5 MPa and an internal temperature of 70° C. for 18 minutes. After that, the gas in the autoclave 1 was purged to terminate the polymerization. The heterophasic propylene polymerization material thus produced was dried under reduced pressure at 70° C. for 1 hour to prepare a heterophasic propylene polymerization material (2) (768 g).
The resulting heterophasic propylene polymerization material (2) had an intrinsic viscosity [η]whole of 1.32 dl/g. The resulting heterophasic propylene polymerization material (2) had a polymer (II) content of 16 mass %. In addition, the heterophasic propylene polymerization material (2) had an ethylene structural unit content of 10 mass %.
The heterophasic propylene polymerization material (2) obtained was subjected to a kneading deterioration test. Table 1 and
The heterophasic propylene polymerization material (2) thus obtained was freeze-pulverized and immersed in tetrahydrofuran, and was then subjected to ultrasonic extraction. The obtained extract was measured with a high-performance liquid chromatograph-UV absorbance detector (HPLC-UVD). As a result, 23 wtppm pentaerythritol tetrakis[3-(3′,5′-di-tert-butyl-4′-hydroxyphenyl) propionate] was detected.
The inside of a stainless steel autoclave (hereinafter, referred to as an “autoclave 1”) having an internal volume of 5 L and equipped with a stirrer was dried under reduced pressure. Thereafter, the gas in the autoclave 1 was replaced with argon gas and cooled. The inside of the autoclave 1 was then evacuated.
In a glass charger, heptane, triethylaluminum (0.5 mmol), tert-butyl-n-propyldimethoxysilane (0.15 mmol), and the olefin polymerization-use solid catalyst component (1) (17.6 mg) were brought into contact with one another. The resulting contact product was put into the autoclave 1. Thereafter, liquefied propylene (1300 g) was fed into the autoclave 1, and hydrogen gas (partial pressure: 0.30 MPa) was then supplied. After that, the temperature in the autoclave 1 was raised to 50° C. to start polymerization. At 20 minutes after the start of polymerization, the unreacted gas was purged to the outside of the polymerization system. The intrinsic viscosity [η]I of the propylene-based polymer sampled was 1.16 dL/g.
Hexane (9 mL), triisobutylaluminum (3.0 mmol), pentaerythritol tetrakis[3-(3′,5′-di-tert-butyl-4′-hydroxyphenyl) propionate] (0.3 g), and tris(2,4-di-t-butylphenyl)phosphite (0.6 g) were brought into contact in a stainless steel container. The inside of the stainless steel container was pressurized with argon so that the gauge pressure was 0.2 MPa. The material was then stored for 4 days. The resulting stored product was charged into the autoclave 1 having an internal temperature of 40° C., and hydrogen gas (partial pressure: 0.07 MPa) was then supplied.
After the autoclave 1 and an autoclave (hereinafter, referred to as an “autoclave 2”) having an internal volume of 3 L were connected, the inside of the autoclave 2 was evacuated. Thereafter, propylene (370 g) and ethylene (180 g) were fed into the autoclave 2. The internal temperature of the autoclave 2 was raised to 90° C., the obtained mixed gas was continuously fed to the autoclave 1, and polymerization was performed at a polymerization pressure of 1.5 MPa and an internal temperature of 70° C. for 18 minutes. After that, the gas in the autoclave 1 was purged to terminate the polymerization. The heterophasic propylene polymerization material thus produced was dried under reduced pressure at 70° C. for 1 hour to prepare a heterophasic propylene polymerization material (C1) (894 g).
The resulting heterophasic propylene polymerization material (C1) had an intrinsic viscosity [η]whole of 1.35 dl/g. The resulting heterophasic propylene polymerization material (C1) had a polymer (II) content of 14 mass %. In addition, the heterophasic propylene polymerization material (C1) had an ethylene structural unit content of 10 mass %.
The heterophasic propylene polymerization material (C1) obtained was subjected to a kneading deterioration test. Table 1 and
The inside of a stainless steel autoclave (hereinafter, referred to as an “autoclave 1”) having an internal volume of 5 L and equipped with a stirrer was dried under reduced pressure. Thereafter, the gas in the autoclave 1 was replaced with argon gas and cooled. The inside of the autoclave 1 was then evacuated.
In a glass charger, heptane, triethylaluminum (0.5 mmol), tert-butyl-n-propyldimethoxysilane (0.15 mmol), and the olefin polymerization-use solid catalyst component (1) (14.8 mg) were brought into contact with one another. The resulting contact product was put into the autoclave 1. Thereafter, liquefied propylene (1300 g) was fed into the autoclave 1, and hydrogen gas (partial pressure: 0.30 MPa) was then supplied. After that, the temperature in the autoclave 1 was raised to 50° C. to start polymerization. At 20 minutes after the start of polymerization, the unreacted gas was purged to the outside of the polymerization system. The intrinsic viscosity [η]I of the propylene-based polymer sampled was 1.12 dL/g.
Hexane (9 mL), triisobutylaluminum (3.0 mmol), pentaerythritol tetrakis[3-(3′,5′-di-tert-butyl-4′-hydroxyphenyl) propionate] (0.3 g), and tris(2,4-di-t-butylphenyl)phosphite (0.6 g) were brought into contact in a stainless steel container. The inside of the stainless steel container was set at normal pressure (0.1 MPa or less), and the material was stored for 7 days. The resulting stored product was charged into the autoclave 1 having an internal temperature of 40° C., and hydrogen gas (partial pressure: 0.07 MPa) was then supplied.
After the autoclave 1 and an autoclave (hereinafter, referred to as an “autoclave 2”) having an internal volume of 3 L were connected, the inside of the autoclave 2 was evacuated. Thereafter, propylene (370 g) and ethylene (180 g) were fed into the autoclave 2. The internal temperature of the autoclave 2 was raised to 90° C., the obtained mixed gas was continuously fed to the autoclave 1, and polymerization was performed at a polymerization pressure of 1.5 MPa and an internal temperature of 70° C. for 31 minutes. After that, the gas in the autoclave 1 was purged to terminate the polymerization. The heterophasic propylene polymerization material thus produced was dried under reduced pressure at 70° C. for 1 hour to prepare a heterophasic propylene polymerization material (C2) (696 g).
The resulting heterophasic propylene polymerization material (C2) had an intrinsic viscosity [η]whole of 1.47 dl/g. The resulting heterophasic propylene polymerization material (C2) had a polymer (II) content of 20 mass %. In addition, the heterophasic propylene polymerization material (C2) had an ethylene structural unit content of 10 mass %.
The heterophasic propylene polymerization material (C2) obtained was subjected to a kneading deterioration test. Table 1 and
The inside of a stainless steel autoclave (hereinafter, referred to as an “autoclave 1”) having an internal volume of 5 L and equipped with a stirrer was dried under reduced pressure. Thereafter, the gas in the autoclave 1 was replaced with argon gas and cooled. The inside of the autoclave 1 was then evacuated.
In a glass charger, heptane, triethylaluminum (0.5 mmol), tert-butyl-n-propyldimethoxysilane (0.15 mmol), and the olefin polymerization-use solid catalyst component (1) (16.1 mg) were brought into contact with one another. The resulting contact product was put into the autoclave 1. Thereafter, liquefied propylene (1300 g) was fed into the autoclave 1, and hydrogen gas (partial pressure: 0.28 MPa) was then supplied. After that, the temperature in the autoclave 1 was raised to 50° C. to start polymerization. At 20 minutes after the start of polymerization, the unreacted gas was purged to the outside of the polymerization system. The intrinsic viscosity [η]I of the propylene-based polymer sampled was 1.06 dL/g.
In a glass charger, heptane and triethylaluminum (0.5 mmol) were brought into contact. The resulting contact product was charged into the autoclave 1 having an internal temperature of 40° C., and hydrogen gas (partial pressure: 0.07 MPa) was then supplied.
After the autoclave 1 and an autoclave (hereinafter, referred to as an “autoclave 2”) having an internal volume of 3 L were connected, the inside of the autoclave 2 was evacuated. Thereafter, propylene (370 g) and ethylene (180 g) were fed into the autoclave 2. The internal temperature of the autoclave 2 was raised to 90° C., the obtained mixed gas was continuously fed to the autoclave 1, and polymerization was performed at a polymerization pressure of 1.5 MPa and an internal temperature of 70° C. for 30 minutes. After that, the gas in the autoclave 1 was purged to terminate the polymerization. The heterophasic propylene polymerization material thus produced was dried under reduced pressure at 70° C. for 1 hour to prepare a heterophasic propylene polymerization material (C4) (703 g).
The resulting heterophasic propylene polymerization material (C4) had an intrinsic viscosity [η]whole of 1.47 dl/g. The resulting heterophasic propylene polymerization material (C4) had a polymer (II) content of 18 mass %. In addition, the heterophasic propylene polymerization material (C4) had an ethylene structural unit content of 12 mass %.
The heterophasic propylene polymerization material (C4) obtained was subjected to a kneading deterioration test. Table 1 and
Hexane (11.6 L), triisobutylaluminum (0.825 mol), pentaerythritol tetrakis[3-(3′,5′-di-tert-butyl-4′-hydroxyphenyl) propionate] (330 g), and tris(2,4-di-t-butylphenyl)phosphite (660 g) were brought into contact in a stainless steel container. The inside of the stainless steel container was pressurized with argon so that the gauge pressure was 0.8 MPa. The material was stored for 2 days to produce an antioxidant contact product A.
To a stainless steel (SUS) autoclave having an internal volume of 2 L and equipped with a stirrer were added 1.7 L of sufficiently dehydrated and degassed n-hexane, 42 mmol of triethylaluminum (organoaluminum compound), and 4.2 mmol of tert-butyl-n-propyl-dimethoxysilane. To the autoclave was added 13 g of the olefin polymerization-use solid catalyst component (1). Then, prepolymerization was performed by continuously supplying 13 g of propylene over about 30 minutes while maintaining the temperature of the autoclave at about 10° C. After that, the obtained slurry was transferred to an SUS316L autoclave having an internal volume of 160 L and equipped with a stirrer to prepare a slurry further containing 130 L of liquid butane.
<Polymerization Step 1-a1> (Homopolymerization of Propylene by Using Slurry Polymerization Reactor)
Propylene was subjected to homopolymerization using a vessel-type slurry polymerization reactor made of SUS304 and equipped with a stirrer. Specifically, the slurry containing propylene, hydrogen, triethylaluminum (organoaluminum compound), tert-butyl-n-propyl-dimethoxysilane, and the above-described prepolymerization catalyst component as obtained in the prepolymerization step was continuously supplied to a slurry polymerization reactor to perform a polymerization reaction. The reaction conditions were as follows.
Propylene was subjected to homopolymerization using a vessel-type slurry polymerization reactor made of SUS304 and equipped with a stirrer. Specifically, the slurry obtained in the polymerization step 1-a1 was continuously supplied to a slurry polymerization reactor to perform a polymerization reaction. The reaction conditions were as follows.
The slurry obtained in the polymerization step 1-a2 was further continuously supplied to a subsequent gas-phase polymerization reactor. The gas-phase polymerization reactor used in the polymerization step 1-b is a reactor including a gas dispersion plate. Propylene and hydrogen were continuously supplied from the lowermost side of the gas-phase polymerization reactor. In this way, a fluidized bed was formed in each reaction zone of multiple stages, the amounts of propylene and hydrogen supplied were controlled so as to keep constant the gas composition and the pressure, and propylene was further subjected to homopolymerization while the excess gas was purged. At this time, the antioxidant contact product A was continuously supplied so that pentaerythritol tetrakis[3-(3′,5′-di-tert-butyl-4′-hydroxyphenyl) propionate] contained in the heterophasic propylene polymerization material (X1) was 0.050 phr and tris(2,4-di-t-butylphenyl)phosphite contained therein was 0.100 phr. The reaction conditions were as follows.
The intrinsic viscosity [η]I of the product (polymer (I)) sampled from the outlet of the gas-phase polymerization reactor was 0.85 dL/g.
The polymer (I) discharged from the gas-phase polymerization reactor used in the polymerization step 1-b was further continuously supplied to a subsequent gas phase polymerization reactor. The gas-phase polymerization reactor used in the polymerization step 2 is a reactor including a gas dispersion plate. Propylene, ethylene, and hydrogen were continuously supplied to the gas phase polymerization reactor as configured above. While the gas supply amount was adjusted so as to keep constant the gas composition and the pressure and the excess gas was purged, propylene and ethylene were subjected to copolymerization in the presence of the polymer (I) (particles). In this way, an ethylene-propylene copolymer, namely a polymer (II), was generated. Then, a heterophasic propylene polymerization material, which was a mixture of the polymer (I) and the polymer (II), was obtained. The reaction conditions were as follows.
The intrinsic viscosity [η]whole of the product (heterophasic propylene polymerization material) sampled from the outlet of the gas-phase polymerization reactor was 1.47 dL/g.
The obtained heterophasic propylene polymerization material (X1) had a cold xylene soluble component amount CXS of 8.4 mass %. The heterophasic propylene polymerization material (X1) had an ethylene structural unit content of 3.9 mass % and a propylene structural unit content of 96.1 mass %. In addition, the content of the polymer (II) was 12.4 mass %. The polymer (II) had an ethylene structural unit content of 31.6 mass %, and had an intrinsic viscosity [η]II of 5.87 dL/g. The polymer (I) had an isotactic pentad fraction of 0.985.
The obtained heterophasic propylene polymerization material (X1) was subjected to a kneading deterioration test, and the time required for the torque value to decrease by 15% based on the torque value after 5 minutes from the start of kneading was 67 minutes.
The heterophasic propylene polymerization material (X1) thus obtained was freeze-pulverized and immersed in tetrahydrofuran, and was then subjected to ultrasonic extraction. The obtained extract was measured with a high-performance liquid chromatograph-UV absorbance detector (HPLC-UVD). As a result, no pentaerythritol tetrakis[3-(3′,5′-di-tert-butyl-4′-hydroxyphenyl) propionate] was detected.
To a stainless steel (SUS) autoclave having an internal volume of 2 L and equipped with a stirrer were added 1.7 L of sufficiently dehydrated and degassed n-hexane, 42 mmol of triethylaluminum (organoaluminum compound), and 4.2 mmol of tert-butyl-n-propyl-dimethoxysilane. To the autoclave was added 13 g of the olefin polymerization-use solid catalyst component (1). Then, prepolymerization was performed by continuously supplying 13 g of propylene over about 30 minutes while maintaining the temperature of the autoclave at about 10° C. After that, the obtained slurry was transferred to an SUS316L autoclave having an internal volume of 160 L and equipped with a stirrer to prepare a slurry further containing 130 L of liquid butane.
<Polymerization Step 1-a1> (Homopolymerization of Propylene by Using Slurry Polymerization Reactor)
Propylene was subjected to homopolymerization using a vessel-type slurry polymerization reactor made of SUS304 and equipped with a stirrer. Specifically, the slurry containing propylene, hydrogen, triethylaluminum (organoaluminum compound), tert-butyl-n-propyl-dimethoxysilane, and the above-described prepolymerization catalyst component as obtained in the prepolymerization step was continuously supplied to a slurry polymerization reactor to perform a polymerization reaction. The reaction conditions were as follows.
Propylene was subjected to homopolymerization using a vessel-type slurry polymerization reactor made of SUS304 and equipped with a stirrer. Specifically, the slurry obtained in the polymerization step 1-a1 was continuously supplied to a slurry polymerization reactor to perform a polymerization reaction. The reaction conditions were as follows.
The slurry obtained in the polymerization step 1-a2 was further continuously supplied to a subsequent gas-phase polymerization reactor. The gas-phase polymerization reactor used in the polymerization step 1-b is a reactor including a gas dispersion plate. Propylene and hydrogen were continuously supplied from the lowermost side of the gas-phase polymerization reactor. In this way, a fluidized bed was formed in each reaction zone of multiple stages, the amounts of propylene and hydrogen supplied were controlled so as to keep constant the gas composition and the pressure, and propylene was further subjected to homopolymerization while the excess gas was purged. The reaction conditions were as follows.
The intrinsic viscosity [η]I of the product (polymer (I)) sampled from the outlet of the gas-phase polymerization reactor was 0.87 dL/g.
The polymer (I) discharged from the gas-phase polymerization reactor used in the polymerization step 1-b was further continuously supplied to a subsequent gas phase polymerization reactor. The gas-phase polymerization reactor used in the polymerization step 2 is a reactor including a gas dispersion plate. Propylene, ethylene, and hydrogen were continuously supplied to the gas phase polymerization reactor as configured above. While the gas supply amount was adjusted so as to keep constant the gas composition and the pressure and the excess gas was purged, propylene and ethylene were subjected to copolymerization in the presence of the polymer (I) (particles). In this way, an ethylene-propylene copolymer, namely a polymer (II), was generated. Then, a heterophasic propylene polymerization material, which was a mixture of the polymer (I) and the polymer (II), was obtained. At this time, the antioxidant contact product A was continuously supplied so that pentaerythritol tetrakis[3-(3′,5′-di-tert-butyl-4′-hydroxyphenyl) propionate] contained in the heterophasic propylene polymerization material (X5) was 0.05 phr and tris(2,4-di-t-butylphenyl)phosphite contained therein was 0.10 phr. The reaction conditions were as follows.
The intrinsic viscosity [η]whole of the product (heterophasic propylene polymerization material) sampled from the outlet of the gas-phase polymerization reactor was 1.48 dL/g.
The obtained heterophasic propylene polymerization material (X5) had a cold xylene soluble component amount CXS of 9.3 mass %. The heterophasic propylene polymerization material (X5) had an ethylene structural unit content of 3.9 mass % and a propylene structural unit content of 96.1 mass %. In addition, the content of the polymer (II) was 14.4 mass %. The polymer (II) had an ethylene structural unit content of 27.0 mass %, and had an intrinsic viscosity [η]II of 5.09 dL/g. The polymer (I) had an isotactic pentad fraction of 0.984.
The obtained heterophasic propylene polymerization material (X5) was subjected to a kneading deterioration test, and the time required for the torque value to decrease by 15% based on the torque value after 5 minutes from the start of kneading was 51 minutes.
The heterophasic propylene polymerization material (X5) thus obtained was freeze-pulverized and immersed in tetrahydrofuran, and was then subjected to ultrasonic extraction. The obtained extract was measured with a high-performance liquid chromatograph-UV absorbance detector (HPLC-UVD). As a result, 1 wtppm pentaerythritol tetrakis[3-(3′,5′-di-tert-butyl-4′-hydroxyphenyl) propionate] was detected.
To a stainless steel (SUS) autoclave having an internal volume of 2 L and equipped with a stirrer were added 1.7 L of sufficiently dehydrated and degassed n-hexane, 42 mmol of triethylaluminum (organoaluminum compound), and 4.2 mmol of tert-butyl-n-propyl-dimethoxysilane. To the autoclave was added 13 g of the olefin polymerization-use solid catalyst component (2). Then, prepolymerization was performed by continuously supplying 13 g of propylene over about 30 minutes while maintaining the temperature of the autoclave at about 10° C. After that, the obtained slurry was transferred to an SUS316L autoclave having an internal volume of 160 L and equipped with a stirrer to prepare a slurry further containing 130 L of liquid butane.
<Polymerization Step 1-a1> (Homopolymerization of Propylene by Using Slurry Polymerization Reactor)
Propylene was subjected to homopolymerization using a vessel-type slurry polymerization reactor made of SUS304 and equipped with a stirrer. Specifically, the slurry containing propylene, hydrogen, triethylaluminum (organoaluminum compound), tert-butyl-n-propyl-dimethoxysilane, and the above-described prepolymerization catalyst component as obtained in the prepolymerization step was continuously supplied to a slurry polymerization reactor to perform a polymerization reaction. The reaction conditions were as follows.
Propylene was subjected to homopolymerization using a vessel-type slurry polymerization reactor made of SUS304 and equipped with a stirrer. Specifically, the slurry obtained in the polymerization step 1-a1 was continuously supplied to a slurry polymerization reactor to perform a polymerization reaction. The reaction conditions were as follows.
The slurry obtained in the polymerization step 1-a2 was further continuously supplied to a subsequent gas-phase polymerization reactor. The gas-phase polymerization reactor used in the polymerization step 1-b is a reactor including a gas dispersion plate. Propylene and hydrogen were continuously supplied from the lowermost side of the gas-phase polymerization reactor. In this way, a fluidized bed was formed in each reaction zone of multiple stages, the amounts of propylene and hydrogen supplied were controlled so as to keep constant the gas composition and the pressure, and propylene was further subjected to homopolymerization while the excess gas was purged. The reaction conditions were as follows.
The intrinsic viscosity [η]I of the product (polymer (I)) sampled from the outlet of the gas-phase polymerization reactor was 0.87 dL/g.
The polymer (I) discharged from the gas-phase polymerization reactor used in the polymerization step 1-b was further continuously supplied to a subsequent gas phase polymerization reactor. The gas-phase polymerization reactor used in the polymerization step 2 is a reactor including a gas dispersion plate. Propylene, ethylene, and hydrogen were continuously supplied to the gas phase polymerization reactor as configured above. While the gas supply amount was adjusted so as to keep constant the gas composition and the pressure and the excess gas was purged, propylene and ethylene were subjected to copolymerization in the presence of the polymer (I) (particles). In this way, an ethylene-propylene copolymer, namely a polymer (II), was generated. Then, a heterophasic propylene polymerization material, which was a mixture of the polymer (I) and the polymer (II), was obtained. At this time, the antioxidant contact product A was continuously supplied so that pentaerythritol tetrakis[3-(3′,5′-di-tert-butyl-4′-hydroxyphenyl) propionate] contained in the heterophasic propylene polymerization material (X6) was 0.035 phr and tris(2,4-di-t-butylphenyl)phosphite contained therein was 0.07 phr. The reaction conditions were as follows.
The intrinsic viscosity [η]whole of the product (heterophasic propylene polymerization material) sampled from the outlet of the gas-phase polymerization reactor was 1.50 dL/g.
The obtained heterophasic propylene polymerization material (X6) had a cold xylene soluble component amount CXS of 10.0 mass %. The heterophasic propylene polymerization material (X6) had an ethylene structural unit content of 3.7 mass % and a propylene structural unit content of 96.3 mass %. In addition, the content of the polymer (II) was 10.8 mass %. The polymer (II) had an ethylene structural unit content of 34.2 mass %, and had an intrinsic viscosity [η]II of 6.69 dL/g. The polymer (I) had an isotactic pentad fraction of 0.984.
The obtained heterophasic propylene polymerization material (X6) was subjected to a kneading deterioration test, and the time required for the torque value to decrease by 15% based on the torque value after 5 minutes from the start of kneading was 26 minutes.
The heterophasic propylene polymerization material (X6) thus obtained was freeze-pulverized and immersed in tetrahydrofuran, and was then subjected to ultrasonic extraction. The obtained extract was measured with a high-performance liquid chromatograph-UV absorbance detector (HPLC-UVD). As a result, 1 wtppm pentaerythritol tetrakis[3-(3′,5′-di-tert-butyl-4′-hydroxyphenyl) propionate] was detected.
To a stainless steel (SUS) autoclave having an internal volume of 2 L and equipped with a stirrer were added 1.7 L of sufficiently dehydrated and degassed n-hexane, 42 mmol of triethylaluminum (organoaluminum compound), and 4.2 mmol of tert-butyl-n-propyl-dimethoxysilane. To the autoclave was added 13 g of the olefin polymerization-use solid catalyst component (1). Then, prepolymerization was performed by continuously supplying 13 g of propylene over about 30 minutes while maintaining the temperature of the autoclave at about 10° C. After that, the obtained slurry was transferred to an SUS316L autoclave having an internal volume of 160 L and equipped with a stirrer to prepare a slurry further containing 130 L of liquid butane.
<Polymerization Step 1-a1> (Homopolymerization of Propylene by Using Slurry Polymerization Reactor)
Propylene was subjected to homopolymerization using a vessel-type slurry polymerization reactor made of SUS304 and equipped with a stirrer. Specifically, the slurry containing propylene, hydrogen, triethylaluminum (organoaluminum compound), tert-butyl-n-propyl-dimethoxysilane, and the above-described prepolymerization catalyst component as obtained in the prepolymerization step was continuously supplied to a slurry polymerization reactor to perform a polymerization reaction. The reaction conditions were as follows.
Propylene was subjected to homopolymerization using a vessel-type slurry polymerization reactor made of SUS304 and equipped with a stirrer. Specifically, the slurry obtained in the polymerization step 1-a1 was continuously supplied to a slurry polymerization reactor to perform a polymerization reaction. The reaction conditions were as follows.
The slurry obtained in the polymerization step 1-a2 was further continuously supplied to a subsequent gas-phase polymerization reactor. The gas-phase polymerization reactor used in the polymerization step 1-b is a reactor including a gas dispersion plate. Propylene and hydrogen were continuously supplied from the lowermost side of the gas-phase polymerization reactor. In this way, a fluidized bed was formed in each reaction zone of multiple stages, the amounts of propylene and hydrogen supplied were controlled so as to keep constant the gas composition and the pressure, and propylene was further subjected to homopolymerization while the excess gas was purged. The reaction conditions were as follows.
The intrinsic viscosity [η]I of the product (polymer (I)) sampled from the outlet of the gas-phase polymerization reactor was 0.87 dL/g.
The polymer (I) discharged from the gas-phase polymerization reactor used in the polymerization step 1-b was further continuously supplied to a subsequent gas phase polymerization reactor. The gas-phase polymerization reactor used in the polymerization step 2 is a reactor including a gas dispersion plate. Propylene, ethylene, and hydrogen were continuously supplied to the gas phase polymerization reactor as configured above. While the gas supply amount was adjusted so as to keep constant the gas composition and the pressure and the excess gas was purged, propylene and ethylene were subjected to copolymerization in the presence of the polymer (I) (particles). In this way, an ethylene-propylene copolymer, namely a polymer (II), was generated. Then, a heterophasic propylene polymerization material, which was a mixture of the polymer (I) and the polymer (II), was obtained. The reaction conditions were as follows.
The intrinsic viscosity [η]whole of the product (heterophasic propylene polymerization material) sampled from the outlet of the gas-phase polymerization reactor was 1.44 dL/g.
The obtained heterophasic propylene polymerization material (C6) had a cold xylene soluble component amount CXS of 9.4 mass %. The heterophasic propylene polymerization material (C6) had an ethylene structural unit content of 3.8 mass % and a propylene structural unit content of 96.2 mass %. In addition, the content of the polymer (II) was 13.0 mass %. The polymer (II) had an ethylene structural unit content of 29.3 mass %, and had an intrinsic viscosity [η]II of 5.27 dL/g. The polymer (I) had an isotactic pentad fraction of 0.984.
The obtained heterophasic propylene polymerization material (C6) was subjected to a kneading deterioration test, and the time required for the torque value to decrease by 15% based on the torque value after 5 minutes from the start of kneading was 7 minutes.
The results of Examples X1, X5, and X6, Table 1, and
First, 12 g of the heterophasic propylene polymerization material (C4) obtained in Comparative Example 4, pentaerythritol tetrakis[3-(3′,5′-di-tert-butyl-4′-hydroxyphenyl) propionate] (4.7 mg), and tris(2,4-di-tert-butylphenyl)phosphite (9.4 mg) were subjected to co-directional biaxial kneading under a nitrogen stream at 200° C. and a rotation speed of 100 rpm while using a tabletop kneader, manufactured by Xplore, to prepare a heterophasic propylene polymerization material (C5).
The heterophasic propylene polymerization material (C5) thus obtained was freeze-pulverized and immersed in tetrahydrofuran, and was then subjected to ultrasonic extraction. The obtained extract was measured with a high-performance liquid chromatograph-UV absorbance detector (HPLC-UVD). As a result, 190 wtppm pentaerythritol tetrakis[3-(3′,5′-di-tert-butyl-4′-hydroxyphenyl) propionate] was detected.
The results in Table 2 have revealed that the HPLC detection amount and the detection efficiency were advantageously small in Examples 1 to 2, whereas the HPLC detection amount and the detection efficiency were disadvantageously large in Comparative Example 5.
The present invention makes it possible to obtain a more thermally stable polymer even after a predetermined amount of “masked phenolic antioxidant” is stored for a long period of time (predetermined period of time), so that the “masked phenolic antioxidant” can be used for continuous polymer production in a large-scale factory. Therefore, the heterophasic propylene polymer material or olefin-based polymer obtained using the present invention, for example, is suitably used for applications such as various automobile interior and exterior parts (e.g., an instrument panel containing an injection molding material, a glove box, a trim material, a housing material, a pillar, a bumper, a fender, a rear door) as well as various parts of home appliances, various housing equipment parts, various industrial parts, and/or various building material parts. The present invention is thus highly applicable to various fields of industries such as transport machine industry, electrical and electronic industries, and building and construction industry.
| Number | Date | Country | Kind |
|---|---|---|---|
| 2023-026593 | Feb 2023 | JP | national |
