The present disclosure relates generally to wireless communication systems, and more particularly, to methods and apparatus for operating a wireless electronic device having a plurality of communication platforms.
In general, methods and apparatus for operating a wireless electronic device having a plurality of communication platforms are described herein. The methods and apparatus described herein are not limited in this regard.
Referring to
Each of the wireless electronic devices 110 may use a variety of modulation techniques such as time-division multiplexing (TDM) modulation, frequency-division multiplexing (FDM) modulation, orthogonal frequency-division multiplexing (OFDM) modulation, multi-carrier modulation (MDM), and/or other suitable modulation techniques to communicate via wireless communication links. For example, the laptop computer 114 may implement OFDM modulation to transmit large amounts of digital data by splitting a radio frequency signal into multiple small sub-signals, which in turn, are transmitted simultaneously at different frequencies. In particular, the wireless electronic devices 110 may use OFDM modulation as described in the 802.xx family of standards developed by the Institute of Electrical and Electronic Engineers (IEEE) and/or variations and evolutions of these standards (e.g., 802.11x, 802.15, 802.16x, etc.). In one example, the wireless electronic devices 110 may operate in accordance with the 802.16 family of standards developed by IEEE to provide for fixed, portable, and/or mobile broadband wireless access (BWA) networks (e.g., the IEEE std. 802.16, published 2004).
The wireless electronic devices 110 may also use direct sequence spread spectrum (DSSS) modulation (e.g., the IEEE std. 802.11b) and/or frequency hopping spread spectrum (FHSS) modulation (e.g., the IEEE std. 802.11). Further, the wireless electronic devices 110 may also operate in accordance with other suitable wireless communication protocols that require very low power such as Bluetooth, Ultra Wideband (UWB), and/or radio frequency identification (RFID) to communicate via wireless communication links. Alternatively, the wireless electronic devices 120 may communicate via wired communication links (not shown). For example, the wireless electronic devices 120 may use a serial interface, a parallel interface, a small computer system interface (SCSI), an Ethernet interface, a universal serial bus (USB) interface, a high performance serial bus interface (e.g., IEEE 1394 interface), and/or any other suitable type of wired interface to communicate. The methods and apparatus described herein are not limited in this regard.
The wireless communication system 100 may also include a first communication network 120 and a second communication network 130. Although
The second communication network 130 may be a wireless local area network (WLAN) including one or more access points (AP), generally shown as 135, and a server 137. The AP 135 and the server 137 may be configured to operate in accordance with one or more of several wireless communication protocols to communicate with the wireless electronic devices 110. In one example, these wireless communication protocols may be based on one or more Wireless Fidelity (Wi-Fi) standards defined by the Wi-Fi Alliance (e.g., IEEE std. 802.11a, 802.11b, and/or 802.11g). The AP 135 and the server 137 may also operate in accordance with Bluetooth, UWB, RFID and/or other suitable wireless communication standards. Although the second communication network 130 is depicted in
In addition, the wireless communication system 100 may include a core network 140 and a service provider 150. The core network 140 (e.g., the Internet) may interconnect the service provider 150 to the first and second communication networks 120 and 130. While the core network 140 and the service provider 150 are depicted as separate blocks in
Further, the wireless communication system 100 may include other WWAN and/or WLAN devices (not shown) such as network interface devices and peripherals (e.g., network interface cards (NICs)), access points (APs), gateways, bridges, hubs, etc. to implement a cellular telephone system, a satellite system, a personal communication system (PCS), a two-way radio system, a one-way pager system, a two-way pager system, a personal computer (PC) system, a personal data assistant (PDA) system, a personal computing accessory (PCA) system, and/or any other suitable communication system. Although certain examples have been described above, the scope of coverage of this disclosure is not limited thereto.
In the example of
In one example, the first communication network 220 may be a wireless wide area network (WWAN), and the second and third communication networks 230 and 240 may be wireless local area networks (WLAN). The WWAN 220 may be a network operating in accordance with, for example, GSM, CDMA, TDMA, and/or other cellular wireless communication protocols. The WLANs 230 and 240 may be networks operating in accordance with, for example, Bluetooth, Wi-Fi, UWB, and/or other short-range wireless communication protocols. Although
While the methods and apparatus disclosed herein are described with respect to WLANs and/or WWANs, the methods and apparatus disclosed herein may be applied to other suitable types of wireless communication networks. For example, the methods and apparatus disclosed herein may be applied to BWA networks, wireless personal area networks (WPANs) and/or wireless metropolitan area networks (WMANs).
The wireless electronic device 210 may operate in various modes that require different amount of power. In particular, the wireless electronic device 210 may operate in an active mode, which requires a greater amount of power relative to other operating modes (i.e., high power consumption level). In the active mode, the wireless electronic device 210 may execute an application or a program to generate a visual output on a display screen and/or an audio output via a speaker, to receive a user input via a human interface device, to read and/or write to a memory, and/or to transmit and/or receive communication information for an individual to converse in a phone call, check for voice messages, browse the Internet, etc. For example, a cellular telephone may require full power to operate in the active mode for the individual to place and/or receive a phone call. The wireless electronic device 210 may also operate in an idle or standby mode when the individual is not actively operating the wireless electronic device but the wireless electronic device 210 is readily available to operate in the active mode when necessary. For example, a cellular telephone may operate in the idle mode to monitor for a paging message from one or more base stations via a paging channel. In particular, the paging message is indicative of an incoming communication such as a voice call, a text message, streaming media, etc. Thus, the cellular telephone may require less power to operate in the idle mode than in the active mode (i.e., medium power consumption level).
To further reduce power consumption, the wireless electronic device 210 may operate in the idle mode as described herein. In one example, the wireless electronic device 210 may request for information associated with a communication network (e.g., the WLAN 230 or the WLAN 240) to identify and connect to the communication network. In another example, the wireless electronic device 210 may monitor for information associated with a communication network to identify and connect to the communication network. Further, the wireless electronic device 210 may identify and/or connect to a communication network based on movement associated with the wireless electronic device 210. The methods and apparatus described herein are not limited this regard.
Turning to
The wireless electronic device 210 may also include a network register 330, a connection identifier 340, and a controller 350. As described in detail and in connection with
While the components shown in
Referring to
To reduce power consumption, the wireless electronic device 210 may use the WWAN 220 to identify a condition indicative of a wireless connection associated with the second communication platform 320 and a WLAN such as the WLAN 230. For example, the wireless electronic device 210 may receive information associated with the second communication platform 320 from the WWAN 220 to determine whether an operable wireless connection (e.g., a connection with a high signal-strength level) exists between the second communication platform 320 and the WLAN 230. If the wireless electronic device 210 fails to identify an operable wireless connection between the second communication platform 320 and the WLAN 230, the wireless electronic device 210 may operate the second communication platform 320 in a sleep mode (e.g., low power consumption level). In particular, the wireless electronic device 210 may disable or shut down components of the second communication platform 320 (e.g., the receiver 322 and/or the transmitter 324) that are not in use to reduce power consumption.
In particular, the wireless electronic device 210 (e.g., via the first communication platform 310) may transmit a wireless connection request to a WLAN server requesting for information associated with the wireless electronic device 210 or the WLAN 230 (block 420). For example, the wireless connection request may be a short messaging service (SMS) message. The SMS message may include information associated with the WLAN 230 such as coverage information, type information, channel information, identification information (e.g., service set identifier (SSID)), authentication information, synchronization information, and/or other suitable information. In particular, the coverage information may indicate signal strength (e.g., signal-to-interference ratio, etc.) of the WLAN to establish a wireless connection with the wireless electronic device 210. The type information may indicate the type of network such as Bluetooth, Wi-Fi, etc. of the WLAN 230. The channel information may indicate the channel for communication used by the WLAN 230. The identification information may be a sequence of characters that uniquely identifies the WLAN 230. The authentication information may be an authentication key for the wireless electronic device 210 to establish wireless connection with the WLAN 230.
The wireless electronic device 210 (e.g., via the network identifier 340) may monitor for a response from the WLAN server (e.g., the server 137 of
Otherwise if the wireless electronic device 210 receives a response with information associated with the WLAN 230 at block 430, the wireless electronic device 210 may proceed to scan for the WLAN 230 based on the information associated with the WLAN 230 (block 450). Accordingly, the wireless electronic device 210 may connect with the WLAN 230 (block 460). The wireless electronic device 210 may monitor the condition of the wireless connection with the WLAN 230 to determine whether to maintain the wireless connection (block 470). If the WLAN 230 provides adequate coverage, the wireless electronic device 210 may maintain the wireless connection with the WLAN 230. Otherwise if the WLAN 230 does not provide adequate coverage (e.g., outside the coverage of the WLAN 230), control may return to block 420 to search for another WLAN such as the WLAN 240.
Although the methods and apparatus disclosed herein are described above with respect to SMS messages, the methods and apparatus disclosed herein are readily applicable to many other types of communication services such as enhanced messaging service (EMS), multimedia messaging service (MMS), etc. The methods and apparatus described herein are not limited in this regard.
The wireless electronic device 210 may search for a WLAN in a proactive manner as described above in connection with
To reduce power consumption, the wireless electronic device 210 may use the WWAN 220 to identify a condition indicative of a wireless connection associated with the second communication platform 320 and a WLAN such as the WLAN 230. As noted above, for example, the wireless electronic device 210 may receive information associated with the second communication platform 320 from the WWAN 220 to determine whether an operable wireless connection exists between the second communication platform 320 and the WLAN 230 (e.g., a connection with a signal strength level greater than an operating threshold). If the wireless electronic device 210 fails to identify an operable wireless connection between the second communication platform 320 and the WLAN 230, the wireless electronic device 210 may operate the second communication platform 320 in a sleep mode (e.g., the wireless electronic device 210 may disable or shut down components of the second communication platform 320 that are not in use).
In particular, the wireless electronic device 210 (e.g., via the network identifier 340) may monitor for a network service message (block 520). For example, the network service message may be a cellular broadcast message. If the wireless electronic device 210 does not receive a network service message via the first communication platform 310, the wireless electronic device 210 may continue to monitor for a network service message. Otherwise if the wireless electronic device 210 receives a network service message, the wireless electronic device 210 may determine whether the network service message includes information associated with a WLAN such as the WLAN 230 (block 530). For example, the network service message may indicate whether the WLAN 230 may provide WLAN coverage to the wireless electronic device 210. The service message may also include information such as coverage information, type information, channel information, identification information, authentication information, synchronization information, and/or other suitable information.
If the network service message does not include information associated with the WLAN 230 at block 530, the wireless electronic device 210 may stop searching for a WLAN (block 540). Otherwise if the network service message includes information associated with the WLAN 230, the wireless electronic device 210 may scan for the WLAN 230 based on the information (block 550). For example, the identification information may be an SSID that identifies the WLAN 230. Accordingly, the wireless electronic device 210 may connect with the WLAN 230 (block 560). The wireless electronic device 210 may monitor the wireless connection with the WLAN 230 to determine whether to maintain the wireless connection (block 570). If the WLAN 230 provides adequate coverage, the wireless electronic device 210 may maintain the wireless connection with the WLAN 230. Otherwise if the WLAN 230 does not provide adequate coverage (e.g., outside the coverage of the WLAN 230), control may return to block 520 to search for another WLAN such as the WLAN 240. The methods and apparatus described herein are not limited in this regard.
To identify a wireless connection with greater connectivity, the wireless electronic device 210 may search for a wireless connection with a communication network based on movement characteristic of the wireless electronic device 210. In one example, the wireless electronic device 210 traveling in a vehicle may search for and subsequently establish a wireless connection with a WLAN. However, the WLAN 230 may not be able to maintain an operable wireless connection with the wireless electronic device 210 to exchange data when the vehicle carrying the wireless electronic device 210 is moving at a relatively high speed and/or within the coverage area of the WLAN 230 for a relatively short period of time. Thus, the wireless electronic device 210 may reduce power consumption by operating as described in connection with
Turning to
To reduce power consumption, the wireless electronic device 210 may use the WWAN 220 to identify a condition indicative of a wireless connection associated with the second communication platform 320 and a WLAN such as the WLAN 230. As noted above, for example, the wireless electronic device 210 may receive information associated with wireless electronic device 210 from the WWAN 220 to whether an operable wireless connection exists between the second communication platform 320 and the WLAN 230. If the wireless electronic device 210 fails to identify an operable wireless connection between the second communication platform 320 and the WLAN 230, the wireless electronic device 210 may operate the second communication platform 320 in a sleep mode (e.g., the wireless electronic device 210 may disable or shut down components of the second communication platform 320 that are not in use).
In particular, the wireless electronic device 210 may receive information associated with movement characteristic of the wireless electronic device 210. For example, the wireless electronic device 210 may be traveling in a vehicle. Accordingly, the WWAN 220 may provide the speed of the wireless electronic device 210. In one example, the WWAN 220 may determine the speed of the wireless electronic device 210 based on the duration between handoffs from one BS (e.g., BS 125 of
Based on geographical location systems, the wireless electronic device 210 (e.g., the network identifier 340) may determine whether the speed of the wireless electronic device 210 is greater than a slow threshold (block 620). In one example, the slow threshold may be five miles per hour (mph). If the speed of the wireless electronic device 210 is less than or equal to the slow threshold, the wireless electronic device 210 may start a counter to keep track of a duration of time in which the wireless electronic device 210 is moving less than or equal to the slow threshold (block 630). To avoid using resources to scan for a WLAN and establish a wireless connection with WLAN for a relatively short period of time, the counter may be used to keep track of a period when the wireless electronic device 210 may be relatively stationary or moving at relatively slow speed. For example, the vehicle carrying the wireless electronic device 210 may be temporarily stopped at a traffic light or a stop sign.
Accordingly, the wireless electronic device 210 may determine whether the counter is greater than a time threshold (block 640). If the counter is less than or equal to the time threshold, the wireless electronic device 210 may reset the counter (block 650). With the wireless electronic device 210 being relatively stationary or moving at relatively slow speed for a period of time, the wireless electronic device 210 may search for, establish, and maintain an operable wireless connection with a WLAN. Accordingly, the wireless electronic device 210 may identify a WLAN such as the WLAN 230 (block 660). The wireless electronic device 210 may connect to the WLAN 230 (block 670). Thus, the wireless electronic device 210 may search for and establish an operable wireless connection with a WLAN to exchange data.
Otherwise if the counter is less than or equal to the time threshold at block 640, the wireless electronic device 210 may determine whether the speed is greater than a fast threshold (block 680). If the speed of the wireless electronic device 210 is less than or equal to the fast threshold, the wireless electronic device 210 may proceed to block 630 to start the counter as described above. Otherwise if the speed of the wireless electronic device 210 is greater than the fast threshold, the wireless electronic device 210 may stop searching for a WLAN (block 690).
Turning back to block 620, if the speed of the wireless electronic device 210 is greater than the slow threshold, the wireless electronic device 210 may determine whether the speed is greater than the fast threshold (block 680). If the speed of the wireless electronic device 210 is less than or equal to the fast threshold, the wireless electronic device 210 may proceed to block 630 to start the counter as described above. Otherwise if the speed of the wireless electronic device 210 is greater than the fast threshold, the wireless electronic device 210 may stop searching for a WLAN instead of consuming power to search and establish an inoperable wireless connection with a WLAN (e.g., a connection with a WLAN that may not maintainable and/or maintainable for a relatively short period of time) (block 690). The methods and apparatus described herein are not limited in this regard.
As mentioned above, while the methods and apparatus disclosed herein are described with respect to WLANs and/or WWANs, the methods and apparatus disclosed herein may be applied to other suitable types of wireless communication networks. For example, the methods and apparatus disclosed herein may be applied to BWA networks, WPANs and/or WMANs.
The processor system 2000 illustrated in
The memory controller 2012 may perform functions that enable the processor 2020 to access and communicate with a main memory 2030 including a volatile memory 2032 and a non-volatile memory 2034 via a bus 2040. The volatile memory 2032 may be implemented by Synchronous Dynamic Random Access Memory (SDRAM), Dynamic Random Access Memory (DRAM), RAMBUS Dynamic Random Access Memory (RDRAM), and/or any other type of random access memory device. The non-volatile memory 2034 may be implemented using flash memory, Read Only Memory (ROM), Electrically Erasable Programmable Read Only Memory (EEPROM), and/or any other desired type of memory device.
The processor system 2000 may also include an interface circuit 2050 that is coupled to the bus 2040. The interface circuit 2050 may be implemented using any type of interface standard such as an Ethernet interface, a universal serial bus (USB), a third generation input/output interface (3GIO) interface, and/or any other suitable type of interface.
One or more input devices 2060 may be connected to the interface circuit 2050. The input device(s) 2060 permit an individual to enter data and commands into the processor 2020. For example, the input device(s) 2060 may be implemented by a keyboard, a mouse, a touch-sensitive display, a track pad, a track ball, an isopoint, and/or a voice recognition system.
One or more output devices 2070 may also be connected to the interface circuit 2050. For example, the output device(s) 2070 may be implemented by display devices (e.g., a light emitting display (LED), a liquid crystal display (LCD), a cathode ray tube (CRT) display, a printer and/or speakers). The interface circuit 2050 may include, among other things, a graphics driver card.
The processor system 2000 may also include one or more mass storage devices 2080 to store software and data. Examples of such mass storage device(s) 2080 include floppy disks and drives, hard disk drives, compact disks and drives, and digital versatile disks (DVD) and drives.
The interface circuit 2050 may also include a communication device such as a modem or a network interface card to facilitate exchange of data with external computers via a network. The communication link between the processor system 2000 and the network may be any type of network connection such as an Ethernet connection, a digital subscriber line (DSL), a telephone line, a cellular telephone system, a coaxial cable, etc.
Access to the input device(s) 2060, the output device(s) 2070, the mass storage device(s) 2080 and/or the network may be controlled by the I/O controller 2014. In particular, the I/O controller 2014 may perform functions that enable the processor 2020 to communicate with the input device(s) 2060, the output device(s) 2070, the mass storage device(s) 2080 and/or the network via the bus 2040 and the interface circuit 2050.
While the components shown in
Although certain example methods, apparatus, and articles of manufacture have been described herein, the scope of coverage of this disclosure is not limited thereto. On the contrary, this disclosure covers all methods, apparatus, and articles of manufacture fairly falling within the scope of the appended claims either literally or under the doctrine of equivalents. For example, although the above discloses example systems including, among other components, software or firmware executed on hardware, it should be noted that such systems are merely illustrative and should not be considered as limiting. In particular, it is contemplated that any or all of the disclosed hardware, software, and/or firmware components could be embodied exclusively in hardware, exclusively in software, exclusively in firmware or in some combination of hardware, software, and/or firmware.