Methods and compositions for improving gut microbiota population

Information

  • Patent Grant
  • 10285984
  • Patent Number
    10,285,984
  • Date Filed
    Tuesday, June 4, 2013
    10 years ago
  • Date Issued
    Tuesday, May 14, 2019
    4 years ago
Abstract
A method and a composition for improving gut micro biota structure, selectively increase a first gut microbiota population while simultaneously decrease a second gut micro biota population in a subject. The first gut micro biota population includes a short-chain fatty acid (SCFA)-producing bacterium and the second gut microbiota population includes an endotoxin-producing bacterium.
Description
CROSS REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS

This application is a national stage application of International application number PCT/CN2013/076709, filed Jun. 4 2013, titled “Methods and Compositions for Improving Gut Microbiota Population,” which claims the benefit of the filing date of Chinese Patent Application No. 201210185004.2 filed Jun. 6, 2012, the entire disclosure of which is incorporated by reference herein.


SEQUENCE LISTING

The Sequence Listing associated with this application is provided in text format in lieu of a paper copy, and is hereby incorporated by reference into the specification. The name of the text file containing the Sequence Listing is Sequence listing.txt. The text file is about 87 KB, was created on Dec. 18, 2014, and is being submitted electronically via EFS-Web.


TECHNICAL FIELD

The present application relates to compositions and methods for improving gut microbiota populations and related application in drugs, nutritional supplements, health care products, food and beverage.


BACKGROUND

Unless otherwise indicated herein, the materials described in this section are not prior art to the claims in this application and are not admitted to be prior art by inclusion in this section.


Inside the human body lives a large number of symbiotic microbes, among which the gut microbiota acts asan important environmental factor to host health. There are more than 1000 species of bacteria, whose number exceeds 10 folds of the number of human cells, and whose gene number is about 150 folds of that in human cells. In this context, the human body as a “superorganism” made of host cells and symbioticmicrobes including gut microbiota, and the genome encoding a consortium of gut microbes (microbiome) is considered as the second human genome, also known as “humanmetagenome”. When human health status changes, the composition of symbioticmicrobes changes accordingly. Conversely, changes in the composition of symbioticmicrobes lead to the change in the human health status. Together, the diversity in human genome and the genome of gut microbiome affects immunity, nutrition, metabolism, and the health and disease status of the human host. However, up to now, it is not clear by what mechanisms the gut microbiota contribute to disease etiology and pathology, which type of bacteria is positively correlated with the health status of the host, and which type of bacteria is negatively correlated with the health status of the host.


SUMMARY

The following summary is illustrative only and is not intended to be in any way limiting. In addition to the illustrative aspects, embodiments, and features described above, further aspects, embodiments, and features will become apparent by reference to the drawings and the following detailed description.


In one aspect, the application provides methods for improving gut microbiota population. In one embodiment, the method includes administering to a subject a composition to increase a first gut microbiota population while simultaneously decrease a second gut microbiota population in the subject. The first gut microbiota population may include a short-chain fatty acid (SCFA)-producing bacteria. The second gut microbiota population may include an endotoxin-producing bacterium.


In another aspect, the application provides methods for screening a test compound that may be active in improving gut microbiota population. In one embodiment, the method includes administering to a control subject an effective amount of a control composition to increase a first gut microbiota population while simultaneously decrease a second gut microbiota population in the control subject, administering to a test subject an amount of a test compound, and comparing the gut microbiota population of the controlled subject with the gut microbiota population of the test subject. A similarity of at least about 80% is indicative that the test compound is active in improving gut microbiota population. The first gut microbiota population may include a short-chain fatty acid (SCFA)-producing bacteria. The second gut microbiota population may include an endotoxin-producing bacterium.


In a further aspect, the application provides compositions for improving gut microbiota population. In one embodiment, the composition is capable of selectively increasing a first gut microbiota population while simultaneously decreasing a second gut microbiota population in a subject. The first gut microbiota population may include a short-chain fatty acid (SCFA)-producing bacteria. The second gut microbiota population may include an endotoxin-producing bacterium. In one embodiment, the composition is administered to the subject at a dosage of from about 50 mg/kg body weight to about 400 mg/body weight and with once a day administration for at least two weeks.





BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

The foregoing and other features of this disclosure will become more fully apparent from the following description and appended claims, taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Understanding that these drawings depict only several embodiments arranged in accordance with the disclosure and are, therefore, not to be considered limiting of its scope, the disclosure will be described with additional specificity and detail through use of the accompanying drawings, in which:



FIG. 1 illustrates the effect of berberine on the rat gut microbiota structure; FIG. 1A is the PCoA score plot of changes in the rat gut microbiota structure in response to HFD feeding and berberine administration; FIG. 1B shows the clustering of the gut microbiota based on mahalanobis distances calculated using MANOVA; and FIG. 1C shows the Shannon-Wiener index, calculated after rarefying to an equal number of sequence reads for all samples;



FIG. 2 illustrates some representative differences in the gut microbiota structure caused by berberine treatment using distance triplot of the RDA of gut microbiota;



FIG. 3 illustrates the effect on the short-chain fatty acid contents in rat feces when the rats were fed with high fat diet or normal chow diet; FIG. 3A shows the levels of total short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs); FIG. 3B shows the level of acetic acid; FIG. 3C shows the level of propionic acid; and FIG. 3D shows the level of butyric acid (D);



FIG. 4 illustrates the effect of berberine on obesity phenotypes and food intake in rats; FIG. 4A shows the effect of berberine on the body weight gain; FIG. 4B shows the effect of berberine on the adiposity index, calculated as the fat pad weight (sum of epididymal and perirenal fat pads) per 100 g of total body weight; and FIG. 4C shows the food intake of rats during the entire trial;



FIG. 5 illustrates the effect of berberine on the insulin sensitivity in rats; FIG. 5A shows the effect of berberine on fasting blood glucose (FBG); FIG. 5B shows the effect of berberine on fasting serum insulin (FINS); FIG. 5C shows the effect of berberine onhomeostasis assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) value, calculated according to the formula fasting insulin (μU/mL)×fasting glucose (mmol/L)/22.5; FIG. 5D shows the effect of berberine onoral glucose tolerance test (OGTT); and FIG. 5E shows the effect of berberine onintra-peritoneal insulin tolerance test (ITT); and



FIG. 6 illustrates the effect of berberine on the level of inflammation factors in rats; FIG. 6A shows the effect of berberine onserum lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-binding protein (LBP); FIG. 6B shows the effect of berberine onserum leptin; FIG. 6C shows the effect of berberine onserum MCP-1; and FIG. 6D shows the effect of berberine onserum adiponectin corrected for body fat.





DETAILED DESCRIPTION

In the following detailed description, reference is made to the accompanying drawings, which form a part hereof. In the drawings, similar symbols typically identify similar components, unless context dictates otherwise. The illustrative embodiments described in the detailed description, drawings, and claims are not meant to be limiting. Other embodiments may be utilized, and other changes may be made, without departing from the spirit or scope of the subject matter presented herein. It will be readily understood that the aspects of the present disclosure, as generally described herein, and illustrated in the Figures, can be arranged, substituted, combined, separated, and designed in a wide variety of different configurations, all of which are explicitly contemplated herein.


This application is generally drawn, inter alia, to compositions, methods, processes, apparatus, systems, devices, and/or products related to improving gut microbiota population.


The application provides novel compositions and methods for improving gut microbiota population. The application identifies bacteria families that are closely related to host metabolism utilizing, for example, high throughput sequencing and multivariate statistical methods.


In one aspect, the application provides methods for improving gut microbiota population. In one embodiment, the method may include selectively enriching a first gut microbiota population. The first gut microbiota population may include, for example, an short-chain fatty acid (SCFA)-producing bacterium. In one embodiment, the method may include suppressing a second gut microbiota population. The second gut microbiota population may include, for example, an endotoxin-producing bacterium.


In one embodiment, the method may include the step of administering to a subject a composition. The composition may be an oral or parenteral formulation. The composition may selectively increase the first gut microbiota population while simultaneously decrease the second gut microbiota population.


The enrichment of the first gut microbiota population and suppression of the second microbiota population may be carried out simultaneously. The method may result in the prevention or treatment of metabolic syndrome including, without limitation, obesity, diabetes mellitus, insulin resistance, hyperlipoproteinemia, hyperuricemia, hepatic steatosis, hypercholesterolemia, hypertriglyceridemia, inflammation, and other disorders.


The short-chain fatty acid (SCFA)-producing bacteria inside gut are mostly beneficial bacteria. These bacteria either directly or, by increasing short-chain fatty acid inside gut, thus indirectly, perform functions including without limitation anti-inflammation, protecting intestinal barrier function, and regulating metabolism and immune system. These functions lead to the prevention or treatment of obesity, insulin resistance, diabetes, and other metabolic diseases.


Using the disclosed methods for improving gut microbiota population, the increased gut microbiota populationmay include Alistipes, Allobaculum, Bacteroides, Barnesiella, Blautia, Butyricicoccus, Butyricimonas, Dorea, Helicobacter, Hespellia, Holdemania, Lawsonia, Oscillibacter, Parabacteroides, Phascolarctobacterium, Prevotella, or Sedimentibacter. In one embodiment, the increased gut microbiota population may include Bacteroidaceae, Coriobacteriaceae, Desulfovibrionaceae, Erysipelotrichaceae, Flavobacteriaceae, Helicobacteracea, IncertaeSedis XI, IncertaeSedis XIV, Lachnospiraceae, Porphyromonadaceae, Prevotellaceae, Rikenellaceae, Ruminococcaceae, or Veillonellaceae; alternatively, the increased gut bacteria may include Campylobacterales, Desulfovibrionales, Bacteroidales, Coriobacteriales, Flavobacteriales, Clostridiales, or Erysipelotrichales; alternatively, the increased gut bacteria may include Epsilonproteobacteria, Deltaproteobacteria, Bacteroidia, Coriobacteridae, Flavobacteria, Clostridia, or Erysipelotrichi; alternatively, the increased gut bacteria may include Proteobacteria, Bacteroidetes, Actinobacteria, or Firmicutes.


For example, the increased gut microbiota population may include a bacterium whose V3 region of 16S rRNA gene sequence has at least about 70%, at least about 75%, at least about 80%, at least about 85%, at least about 90%, at least about 95%, at least about 98%, or at least about 99% similarity with a nucleic acid sequence selected from a group consisting of SEQ ID NO: 1-93.


The endotoxin-producing bacteria inside gut are mostly harmful bacteria, which, either directly or indirectly by increasing endotoxin, promote inflammation, damage intestinal barrier function, and increase disorder in metabolism and immune system, as a result inducing obesity, insulin resistance, diabetes and other metabolic diseases.


According to the methods for improving gut microbiota population disclosed herein, the decreased gut bacteria may include Alistipes, Anaeroplasma, Barnesiella, Bifidobacterium, Butyricimonas, Butyrivibrio, Coprococcus, Fastidiosipila, Helicobacter, Hespellia, Marvinbryantia, Oribacterium, Oscillibacter, Prevotella, Roseburia, Ruminococcus, or TM7_genera_incertae_sedis; alternatively, the decreased gut bacteria may include Helicobacteraceae, Lachnospiraceae, Porphyromonadaceae, Prevotellaceae, Rikenellaceae, Ruminococcaceae, Anaeroplasmataceae, or Bifidobacteriaceae. In one embodiment, the decreased gut microbiota population may include Campylobacterales, Bacteroidales, Clostridiales, Anaeroplasmatales, or Bifidobacteriales; alternatively, the decreased gut bacteria may include Epsilonproteobacteria, Alphaaproteobacteria, Bacteroidia, Clostridia, Actinobacteridae, or Mollicutes. In one embodiment, the decreased gut microbiota population may include Proteobacteria, Bacteroidetes, Actinobacteria, Firmicutes, or Tenericutes.


For example, the decreased gut bacteria may include a bacteria whose V3 region of 16S rRNA gene sequence has at least about 70%, at least about 75%, at least about 80%, at least about 85%, at least about 90%, at least about 95%, at least about 98%, or at least about 99% similarity with a nucleic acid sequence selected from a group consisting of SEQ ID NO: 94-268.


The methods may cause decrease of the serum level of pro-inflammatory factors. Example pro-inflammatory factors include without limitation cytokines such as lipopolysaccharide-binding protein, monocyte chemoattractant protein-1, or leptin. Additionally and optionally, the methods may increase the serum level of cytokine such as adiponectin.


The level of gut short-chain fatty acids may be increased using the disclosed methods. The short-chain fatty acids may include without limitation acetic acid, propionic acid, butyric acid, valeric acid, isobutyric acid, and isovaleric acid.


To improve the gut microbiota population, the compositions may be administered orally or parentally. In one embodiment, the composition may be a food, a drink, a supplement, or a pharmaceutical formulation. In one embodiment, the composition may be in the form of suppository, tablet, pill, granule, powder, film, microcapsule, aerosol, spirit, tincture, tonic, liquid suspension, or syrup. The composition may be administered at a dosage of from about 50 mg/kg body weight to about 400 mg/body weight.


In one example, the composition including berberine was administered to a subject. The gut microbiota population of the subject was then analyzed using 454 pyrosequencing techniques and the level of short-chain fatty acid was assayed by gas chromatography. The results demonstrated that berberine is capable of altering gut microbiota population: enriching certain bacteria including those that produce short-chain fatty acid while simultaneously suppressing or eliminating certain bacteria including those that produce endotoxin. It is further demonstrated that berberine administered orally is capable of increasing the level of shot-chain fatty acid inside the gut, and the increase is more pronounced in individuals who have metabolic syndrome. Additional experimentation and observation further demonstrated that above described effects by berberine on the gut microbiota population have beneficial results including without limitation improving insulin sensitivity, reducing inflammation, controlling weight gain, and preventing obesity induced by over-eating, chronic inflammation and insulin resistance.


In another aspect, the application provides methods for screening drugs, compounds, compositions, extracts, or formulations capable of improving gut microbiota population. The methods may be used in the development of drugs, nutritional supplements, health care products, food, and beverages that improve health and/or prevent obesity or other related metabolic syndromes by targeting gut microbiota population in a subject.


In one embodiment, the screening method may include administering to a control subject an effective amount of a control composition to increase the first gut microbiota population while simultaneously decrease the second gut microbiota population in the control subject, administering to a test subject an amount of a test composition, and comparing the gut microbiota population of the controlled subject and the gut microbiota population of the test subject.


As used herein, the term “subject” refers to an animal, such as a mammal, for example a human. In some embodiments, the subject may be a rat. In some embodiments, the subject may be a mouse. In some embodiments, the subject may be a human.


If the test compound demonstrates similar effect on gut microbiota as the control, the test compound is active in improving gut microbiota population. As used therein, “similar” refers to a similarity of at least about 75%, at least about 80%, at least about 90%, at least about 95%, at least about 98%, or at least about 99%.


The test composition may be a single compound, a mixture, a food, a food additive, a nutritional supplement, health care product, a pharmaceutical formulation, or a beverage.


In a further aspect, the application provides compositions for improving gut microbiota population. In one embodiment, the composition may be capable of selectively increasing the first gut microbiota population while simultaneously decreasing the second gut microbiota population in a subject.


The composition may include a chemical compound, a natural medicine, a natural product, or an herbal extract. In one embodiment, the chemical compound may include, without limitation, berberine, berberine derivatives, isoquinoline alkaloids, or any combinations thereof.


In one embodiment, the composition may include natural medicine, whole, fragmented or powdered herb, or herbal extract derived from plants of Berberis, Coptis, Scutellaria, Phellodendron, Momordica, Ilex, Sophora, Gentiana, Anemarrhena, Gardenia, Rheum, or Taraxacum. In one embodiment, the composition may include natural medicine, whole, fragmented or powdered herb, or herbal extract derived from plants of Berberidaceae, Ranunculaceae, Lamiaceae, Rutaceae, Cucurbitacea, Aquifoliaceae, Leguminosae, Gentianaceae, Agavaceae, Rubiaceae, Polygonaceae, Asteraceae, Menispermaceae, or Cucurbitaceae. In one embodiment, the composition may include natural medicine, whole, fragmented or powdered herb, or herbal extract derived from Berberis vulgaris, Coptischinensis, Scutellariabaicalensis, PhellodendriChinensis, Momordicacharantia, Ilex kudingcha, Sophoraflavescens, Gentianascabra, Anemarrhenaasphodeloides, Gardenia jasminoides, Rheum palmatum, or Herba Taraxaci.


The following examples are for illustration of the execution and property of representative method of the application. These examples are not intended to limit the scope of the application.


EXAMPLES

These examples use Wistar rats (8 weeks old, male) as testing subjects and berberine as a representative compound. 40 Wistar rats were acclimatized for two weeks and were subsequently randomly divided into four groups: normal diet group (NCD), normal diet plus berberine treatment (NCD+BBR), high fat diet (HFD), and high fat diet plus berberine treatment (HFD+BBR). Each group continued for another 18 weeks. During these 18 weeks, the NCD+BBR group received intragastric administration of berberine at stated levels. Feces samples from each animal were collected at various time points. 454 pyrosequencing was performed to analyze gut microbiota structure. Gas chromatography was used to assay the short-chain fatty acid level of the feces. In addition, weight, food intake, insulin sensitivity, systemic inflammation levels were monitored and measured during the 18-week period.


Berberine Altered the Gut Microbiota Population Under Both Normal Diet and High Fat Diet Conditions

The gut microbiota populations in rats from all four experimental groups were analyzed by 454 pyrosequencing and multivariate statistical analyses. PCoA analysis based on unweighted Unifrac distance demonstrated that berberine altered gut microbiota structure in both the normal diet group and high fat diet group at a statistically significant level; and berberine accounts for 12.6% of overall changes in the gut microbiota population (FIG. 1A). Diet also exerted statistically significant influence on gut microbiota population. FIG. 1A reveals a statistically significant difference (3.7%) in gut microbiota population between two different diets (NCD versus HFD) along the vertical axis. The multivariate variance analysis (MANOVA) on the four groups demonstrated that berberine or diet has a statistically significant influence on the gut microbiota (P<0.01), but the most pronounced difference derives from the presence of berberine (FIG. 1B). Shannon-Wiener parameter indicates that berberine reduces diversity of gut microbiota population at a statistically significant level (P<0.05).


Berberine Enriches the Short-Chain Fatty Acid-Producing Bacteria and Reduces Endotoxin-Producing Bacteria in Gut Microbiota Population

268 berberine-related OTU were identified by redundancy analysis (RDA) and the detailed results are shown in FIG. 2, TABLE 1, and TABLE 2. 93 OTU (SEQ_ID_NO 1-93) (TABLE 1) are enriched by berberine, while 175 OTU (SEQ_ID_NO 94-268) (TABLE 2) were suppressed or eliminated.


The taxonomy of these 268 OTU was analyzed using RDP classifier with representative sequence of the OTU. It was revealed that the berberine-suppressed bacteria included those of Alistipes, Anaeroplasma, Barnesiella, Bifidobacterium, Butyricimonas, Butyrivibrio, Coprococcus, Fastidiosipila, Helicobacter, Hespellia, Marvinbryantia, Oribacterium, Oscillibacter, Prevotella, Roseburia, Ruminococcus, TM7_genera_incertae_sedis, and others. Among them, the Helicobacter, belonging to Proteobacteria phylum, is capable of producing highly active endotoxin. In addition, it was revealed that the berberine-increased bacteria included those of Alistipes, Allobaculum, Bacteroides, Barnesiella, Blautia, Butyricicoccus, Butyricimonas, Dorea, Helicobacter, Hespellia, Holdemania, Lawsonia, Oscillibacter, Parabacteroides, Phascolarctobacterium, Prevotella, and Sedimentibacter. Among them, Blautia, Allobaculum, Prevotella, Bacteroides, and Butyricimonas are relatively abundant and are capable of producing short-chain fatty acid.


Therefore, when administered to a subject, berberine is capable of enriching the short-chain fatty acid-producing bacteria and reducing endotoxin-producing bacteria in gut microbiota population.


Berberine Increases Gut Short-Chain Fatty Acid Level in Rats Fed Normal Diet or High Fat Diet

The levels of short-chain fatty acid (including acetic acid, propionic acid, butyric acid, valeric acid, isobutyric acid, isovaleric acid, etc.) in rat feces were assayed by gas chromatography. The result demonstrated that oral administration of 100 mg/kg body weight may increase the level of gut short-chain fatty acid in rats fed with normal diet or high fat diet. The effect on the levels of acetic acid and propionic acid are especially pronounced (FIG. 3). Therefore, berberine is capable of increasing gut short-chain fatty acid level in rats fed normal diet or high fat diet.


Berberine Reduces Obesity Phenotype of Rats

The body weight of all four groups of rats were monitored during the duration of the experiments and analyzed. The results demonstrated that, after 18 weeks of high fat diet, the HFD group has significantly higher body weight than the normal diet group (P<0.01); intragastric administration of berberine at the dosage of 100 mg/kg effectively limits rat body weight growth, especially for rats fed high fat diet. The result is especially surprising that during the entire experimental process, the body weight of the HFD+BBR group is limited to a level similar to that of normal diet group, displaying no statistically significant difference (P>0.05). Berberine also influences, to a certain degree, the body weight of rats fed a normal diet (FIG. 4).


At the end of experiment, animals were euthanized. Fasting body weight, epididymal fat weight, and perirenal fat weight were measured. Adiposity index ([epididymal fat weight+perirenal fat]/fasting weight×100) is shown in FIG. 4B. After 18 weeks of high fat diet, the adiposity index of the HFD group is significantly higher than that of NCD, and berberine treatment significantly reduces adiposity index. Moreover, neither high fat diet nor berberine had significant effect on liver and pancreas, indicating surprisingly that long term use of berberine has no obvious side effect to rat's normal physiological function. Results of the calorie intake of these rats demonstrated that oral administration of berberine at 100 mg/kg body weight has a significant inhibitory effect on rat food intake, especially on rats fed a high fat diet (FIG. 4C).


Berberine Reduces Insulin sensitivity in Rats Fed a Normal Diet or High Fat Diet

The fasting blood glucose (FBG) and fasting insulin in serum (FINS) were measured for all four experimental groups of rats. Rats fed a HFD for 18 months had a significant higher level of FBG than that of NCD. Surprisingly, berberine effectively reduced FBG in NCD and HFD rats, especially in HFD rats where the FBG reduction was significant (P<0.05) (FIG. 5A). The result of berberine effect on insulin level is shown in FIG. 5B. The FINS of rat fed a HFD was significantly higher than that of NCD group; however, after 18 month of berberine intervention at the level of 100 mg/kg body weight, FINS level was significantly reduced even in rats fed a HFD (HFD+BBR), to reach a level comparable to that of normal diet. FIG. 5C shows the result of HOMA insulin resistance index to evaluate the insulin resistance status in rats, which demonstrates that after 18 weeks of HFD induction, rats formed apparent insulin resistance; yet berberine intervention at 100 mg/kg body weight prevented the formation of insulin resistance (P<0.05).


In order to further examine insulin sensitivity, oral glucose tolerance test and intraperitoneal injection of insulin tolerance test were conducted, and the results are shown in FIG. 5D, and 5E, respectively. Consistent with the FBG and FINS result, after 18 weeks of high fat diet inducement, oral glucose tolerance and intraperitoneal injection of insulin tolerance were significantly damaged, meanwhile, berberine intervention at 100 mg/kg body weight significantly prevented the loss of glucose tolerance and insulin tolerance, demonstrating the berberine may play an important role in improving glucosemetabolism.


Berberine Reduces Systemic inflammation Level in Rats Fed a High Fat Diet

In order to evaluate the systemic inflammation levels of all four experimental groups of rats, the serum levels of lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-binding protein (LBP), monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1), leptin, and adiponectin were measured, and results are shown in FIG. 6. The experiments demonstrates that HFD significantly increased LBP level in serum; but administering berberine at 100 mg/kg significantly abrogated the increase of serum LBP (P<0.05, FIG. 6A).


MCP-1 is a pro-inflammatory cytokine that functions in chemotaxis and activation of monocytes/macrophages. Occurrence and development of many inflammation-related diseases are closely related to MCP-1, including atherosclerosis, obesity, type 2 diabetes, arthritis, sepsis, and chronic bacterial infection. The results from the experiment demonstrated that, in the process of the gradual onset of obesity and insulin resistance in rat induced by HFD, MCP-1 level is gradually elevated; however, after intervention with berberine administering, MCP-1 level was significantly reduced, and, surprisingly, was even lower than that of NCD group (FIG. 6B).


Leptin is a hormone secreted by adipose tissue, and broadly participates in lipid, glucose, and energy metabolism. The results from the experiment demonstrated that serum leptin level in HFD group is significantly higher than that of NCD group (P<0.01); however, berberine significantly reduced the serum leptin level in rat, especially in rats fed a HFD (P<0.05, FIG. 6C).


The adiponectin levels in all four groups were analyzed. The results show that the adiponectin level normalized against body fat weight, was significantly lower in HFD group when compared to that of NCD group (P<0.001); however, berberine administration significantly increased adiponectin level in rats fed a HFD (P<0.01, FIG. 6D). Therefore, berberine improves gut microbiota population, reduces LPB, MCP-1, and lpetin level, and increases adiponectin secretion. TABLE 1 16S rRNA gene V3 region sequence of those bacteria enriched by berberine.














List
OTUName
16S rRNA Gene V3 Region Sequence







SEQ_ID_NO_
R_U00449939
TAGGGAATATTGCTCAATGGGGGAAACCCTGAAGCA


1

GCAACGCCGCGTGGAGGATGAAGGTTTTCGGATTGT




AAACTCCTTTTCTAAGAGAAGATTATGACGGTATCTT




AGGAATAAGCACCGGCTAACTCCGTGCC





SEQ_ID_NO_
R_U01131573
GGGGAAACCCTGAAGCAGCAACGCCGCGTGGAGGAT


2

GAAGGTTTCGGATTGTAAACTCCTTTCTAAGAGAAGA




TTATGACGGTATCTTAGGAATAAGCACCGGCTAACTC




CGTGCC





SEQ_ID_NO_
R_U00442991
TGGGGAATATTGCGCAATGGGCGAAAGCCTGACGCA


3

GCGACGCCGCGTGAGGGATGAAGGTCCTCGGATCGT




AAACCTCTGTCAGGGGGGAAGAAGCGCCTGTGAGCA




AATAGTTCATGGGTTTGACGGTACCCCCAAAGGAAG




CACCGGCTAACTCCGTGCC





SEQ_ID_NO_
R_U01131468
TGAGGAATATTGGTCAATGGGCGCAGGCCTGAACCA


4

GCCAAGTAGCGTGAAGGATGACTGCCCTATGGGTTGT




AAACTTCTTTTATATGGGAATAAAGTTTTCCACGTGT




GGAATTTTGTATGTGCCATATGAATAAGGATCGGCTA




ACTCCGTGCC





SEQ_ID_NO_
R_U00000076
TGAGGAATATTGGTCAATGGACGAGAGTCTGAACCA


5

GCCAAGTAGCGTGAAGGATGACTGCCCTATGGGTTGT




AAACTTCTTTTATATGGGAATAAAGTGAGCCACGTGT




GGCTTTTTGTATGTACCATACGAATAAGGATCGGCTA




ACTCCGTGCC





SEQ_ID_NO_
R_U00000261
TGAGGAATATTGGTCAATGGGCGCAGGCCTGAACCA


6

GCCAAGTAGCGTGAAGGATGACTGCCCTATGGGTTGT




AAACTTCTTTTATATGGGAATAAAGTTTTCCACGTGT




GGAATTTTGTATGTACCATATGAATAAGGATCGGCTA




ACTCCGTGCC





SEQ_ID_NO_
R_U00277049
TGAGGAATATTGGTCAATGGGCGCAGGCCTGAACCA


7

GCCAAGTAGCGTGAAGGATGACTGCCCTATGGGTTGT




AAACTTCTTTTATATGGGAATAAAGTTTTCCTACGTG




TGGAATTTTGTTATGTACCATATGAATAAGGATCGGC




TAACTCCGTGCC





SEQ_ID_NO_
R_U01140154
TGAGGAATATTGGTCAATGGGCGCGAGCCTGAACCA


8

GCCAAGTAGCGTGCAGGACGACGGCCCTATGGGTTG




TAAACTGTCTTTTATACGGGGATAAAGTATGCCACGT




GTGGTTTATTGCAGGTACCGTATGAATAAGGACCGGC




TAATTCCGTGCC





SEQ_ID_NO_
R_U00797917
TGAGGAATATTGGTCAATGGGCGCGAGCCTGAACCA


9

GCCAAGTAGCGTGCAGGACGACGGCCCTATGGGTTG




TAAACTGCTTTTATACGGGGATAAAGTATGCCACGTG




TGGTTTATTGCAGGTACCGTATGAATAAGGACCGGCT




AATTCCGTGCC





SEQ_ID_NO_
R_U01135802
TGAGGAATATTGGTCAATGGGCGGAAGCCTGAACCA


10

GCCAAGTCGCGTGAGGGAAGACGGCCCTACGGGTTG




TAAACCTCTTTTGCCGGGGAGGCAATGCCCACGCTCG




CGAGCTGGGAAGGAGAGTACCCGGAGAAAAAGACAT




CGGCTAACTCCGTGCC





SEQ_ID_NO_
R_U01199632
TGAGGAATATTGGTCAATGGGCGGAAGCCTGAACCA


11

GCCAAGTCGCGTGAGGGAAGACGGCCCTACGGGTTG




TAAACCTCTTTTGCCGGGGAGCAATGCCCACGCTCGC




GAGCTGGGAAGGAGAGTACCCGGAGAAAAAGACATC




GGCTAACTCCGTGCC





SEQ_ID_NO_
R_U01136954
TGAGGAATATTGGTCAATGGGCGGAAGCCTGAACCA


12

GCCAAGTCGCGTGAGGGAAGACGGCCCTACGGGTTG




TAAACCTCTTTTGCCGGGGAGCAAATGCCCAGCTCGC




GAGCTGGGAAGGAGAGTACCCGGAGAAAAAGCATCG




GCTAAACTCCGTGCC





SEQ_ID_NO_
R_U01156163
TGAGGAATATTGGTCAATGGGCGAGAGCCTGAACCA


13

GCCAAGTCGCGTGAGGGAAGACGGCCCTACGGGTTG




TAAACCTCTTTTGTCAGGGAGCAAGAACAGGCACGT




GTGCCTGACTGAGAGTACCTGAAGAAAAAGACATCG




GCTAACTCCGTGCC





SEQ_ID_NO_
R_U00436427
TGAGGAATATTGGTCAATGGCCGGAAGGCTGAACCA


14

GCCAAGTCGCGTGAGGGACTAAGGCCCTACGGGTCG




TAAACCTCTTTTGCCGGGGAGCAATGGGGCCCTTGCG




AGGGCCCAGGGAGAGTACCCGGAGAAAAAGCATCGG




CTAACTCCGTGCC





SEQ_ID_NO_
R_U01161731
TGAGGAATATTGGTCAATGGCCGGGAGGCTGAACCA


15

GCCAAGTCGCGTGAGGGATGACGGCCCTACGGGTTG




TAAACCTCTTTTGTCGGGGAGCAAAGGACTTCACGAG




TGGAGTTTCGAGAGTACCCGAAGAAAAAGACATCGG




CTAACTCCGTGCC





SEQ_ID_NO_
R_U00804243
TGAGGAATATTGGTCAATGGCCGGGAGGCTGAACCA


16

GCCAAGTCGCGTGAGGGATGACGGCCCTACGGGTTG




TAAACCTCTTTTGTCGGGGAGCAAAGGACTTCACGAG




TGGAGTTTCGAGAGTACCCGAAGAAAAAGCATCGGC




TAACTCCGTGCC





SEQ_ID_NO_
R_U00832647
TGAGGAATATTGGTCAATGGCCGGGAGGCTGAACCA


17

GCCAAGTCGCGTGAGGGATGACGGCCCTACGGGTTG




TAAACCTCTTTGTCGGGGAGCAAAGGACTTCACGAGT




GGAGTTTCGAGAGTACCCGAAGAAAGACATCGGCTA




ACTCCGTGCC





SEQ_ID_NO_
R_U00013412
TGAGGAATATTGGTCAATGGGCGAGAGCCTGAACCA


18

GCCAAGTCGCGTGAGGGAAGACGGCCCTACGGGTTG




TAAACCTCTTTTGTCAGGGAGCAAGAACAGGCACGT




GTGCCTGACTGAGAGTACCTGAAGAAAAAGCATCGG




CTAACTCCGTGCC





SEQ_ID_NO_
R_U00807079
TGAGGAATATTGGTCAATGGCCGAGAGGCTGAACCA


19

GCCAAGTCGCGTGAGGGATGACGGCCCTACGGGTTG




TAAACCTCTTTTGTCGGGGAGCAAAGGACTTCACGTG




TGAAGTTTCGAGAGTACCCGAAGAAAAAGCATCGGC




TAACTCCGTGCC





SEQ_ID_NO_
R_U00005346
TGAGGAATATTGGTCAATGGGCGGAAGCCTGAACCA


20

GCCAAGTCGCGTGAGGGAAGACGGTCCTATGGATTG




TAAACCTCTTTTGCCGGGGAGCAATGCCGCTCTTGCG




AGAGCGGAGGGAGAGTACCCGGAGAAAAAGCATCG




GCTAACTCCGTGCC





SEQ_ID_NO_
R_U00004086
TGAGGAATATTGGTCAATGGCCGGAAGGCTGAACCA


21

GCCAAGTCGCGTGAGGGAATAAGGCCCTACGGGTCG




TAAACCTCTTTTGTCAGGGAGCAAAGCTGGCTACGCG




TAGCCAGAAGGAGAGTACCTGAAGAAAAAGCATCGG




CTAACTCCGTGCC





SEQ_ID_NO_
R_U01130438
TGAGGAATATTGGTCAATGGGCGGAAGCCTGAACCA


22

GCCAAGTCGCGTGAGGGAAGACGGCCCTACGGGTTG




TAAACCTCTTTGCCGGGAGCAATGCCCAGCTCGCGAG




CTGGGAAGGAGAGTACCCGGAGAAAAGACATCGGCT




AACTCCGTGCC





SEQ_ID_NO_
R_U01131459
TGAGGAATATTGGTCAATGGGCGGAAGCCTGAACCA


23

GCCAAGTCGCGTGAGGGAAGACGGCCCTACGGGTTG




TAAACCTCTTTGCCGGGGAGCAATGCCCAGCTCGCGA




GCTGGGAAGGAGAGTACCCGGAGAAAAGACATCGGC




TAACTCCGTGCC





SEQ_ID_NO_
R_U00436448
TGAGGAATATTGGTCAATGGGCGGAAGCCTGAACCA


24

GCCAAGTCGCGTGAGGGACTAAGGCCCTACGGGTCG




TAAACCTCTTTTGCCGGGGAGCAAGCCGTCCCACGTG




TGGGCCGGTGGAGAGTACCCGGAGAAAAAGCATCGG




CTAACTCCGTGCC





SEQ_ID_NO_
R_U00474862
TGAGGAATATTGGTCAATGGGCGGAAGCCTGAACCA


25

GCCAAGTCGCGTGAGGGACTAAGGCCCTACGGGTCG




TAAACCTCTTTTGCCGGGGAGCAAGCCGTCCCACGTG




TGGGCCGGTGGAGAGTACCCGGAGAAAAAGACATCG




GCTAACTCCGTGCC





SEQ_ID_NO_
R_U00001388
TGAGGAATATTGGTCAATGGGCGGAAGCCTGAACCA


26

GCCAAGTCGCGTGAGGGAAGACGGCCCTACGGGTTG




TAAACCTCTTTTGCCGGGGAGCAATGCCCAGCTCGCG




AGCTGGGAAGGAGAGTACCCGGAGAAAAAGCATCGG




CTAACTCCGTGCC





SEQ_ID_NO_
R_U01185184
TGAGGAATATTGGTCAATGGGCGGAAGCCTGAACCA


27

GCCAAGTCGCGTGAGGGAAGACGGCCCTACGGGTTG




TAAACCTCTTTTTGCCGGGGGAGCAATGCCCAGCTCG




CGAGCTGGGAAGGAGAGTACCCGGAGAAAAAAGCAT




CGGCTAACTCCGTGCC





SEQ_ID_NO_
R_U00000528
TGAGGAATATTGGTCAATGGGCGAGAGCCTGAACCA


28

GCCAAGTCGCGTGAAGGATGAAGGATCTATGGTTTGT




AAACTTCTTTTATATGGGAATAAAGTGAGGAACGTGT




TCCTTTTTGTATGTACCATATGAATAAGCATCGGCTA




ACTCCGTGCC





SEQ_ID_NO_
R_U00000002
TGAGGAATATTGGTCAATGGACGAGAGTCTGAACCA


29

GCCAAGTAGCGTGAAGGATGACTGCCCTATGGGTTGT




AAACTTCTTTTATACGGGAATAAAGTGAGGCACGTGT




GCCTTTTTGTATGTACCGTATGAATAAGGATCGGCTA




ACTCCGTGCC





SEQ_ID_NO_
R_U00147566
TGAGGAATATTGGTCAATGGACGCAAGTCTGAACCA


30

GCCATGCCGCGTGCAGGAAGACGGCTCTATGAGTTGT




AAACTGTCTTTTGTACTAGGGTAAACGCTCTTACGTG




TAGGAGCCTGAAAGTATAGTACGAATAAGGATCGGC




TAACTCCGTGCC





SEQ_ID_NO_
R_U00000394
TGAGGAATATTGGTCAATGGACGCAAGTCTGAACCA


31

GCCATGCCGCGTGCAGGAAGACGGCTCTATGAGTTGT




AAACTGCTTTTGTACTAGGGTAAACGCTTCTACGTGT




AGGAGCCTGAAAGTATAGTACGAATAAGGATCGGCT




AACTCCGTGCC





SEQ_ID_NO_
R_U00047397
TGGGGAATTTTGCGCAATGGGGGGAACCCTGACGCA


32

GCAACGCCGCGTGCGGGATGACGGCCCTCGGGTTGT




AAACCGCTTTCAGCAGGGAAGACCACGACGGTACCT




GCAGAAGAAGCTCCGGCTAACTACGTGCC





SEQ_ID_NO_
R_U00000552
TGAGGAATATTGGGCAATGGGCGGAAGCCTGACCCA


33

GCCATGCCGCGTGCAGGAAGACAGCCCTATGGGTCG




TAAACTGCTTTTTTAGAGGAAGAATAAAGTCTACGTG




TAGACCGATGACGGTACTTTAAGAAAAAGCATCGGC




TAACTCCGTGCC





SEQ_ID-NO_
R_U00441706
GTAGGGAATATTGCACAATGGGGGAAACCCTGATGC


34

AGCGACGCCGCGTGAAGGAAGAAGTATCTCGGTATG




TAAACTTCTATCAGCAGGGAAGACAATGACGGTACC




TGACTAAGAAGCCCCGGCTAACTACGTGCC





SEQ_ID_NO_
R_U00119974
TGGGGAATATTGCACAATGGGGGAAACCCTGATGCA


35

GCGACGCCGCGTGAAGGAAGAAGTATTTCGGTATGT




AAACTTCTATCAGCAGGGAAGAAAGTGACAGTACCT




GACTAAGAAGCCCCGGCTAACTACGTGCC





SEQ_ID_NO_
R_U00104206
TGGGGAATATTGCACAATGGGGGAAACCCGTACGAT


36

GCAGCGACGCCGCGTGAAGGAAGAAGTATCTCGGTA




TGTAAACTTCTATCAGCAGGGAAGATAATGACGGTA




CCTGACTAAGAAGCCCCGGCTAACTACGTGCC





SEQ_ID_NO_
R_U00580795
TGGGGAATATTGCACAATGGGGGAAACCCGTACGAT


37

GCAGCGACGCCGCGTGAAGGAAGAAGTATCTCGGTA




TGTAAACTTACTATCAGCAGGGAAGATAATGACGGT




ACCTGACTAAGAAGCCCCGGCCTAACTACGTGCC





SEQ_ID_NO_
R_U01129900
AAACCCTGATGCAGCGACGCCGCGTGAAGGAAGAAG


38

TATCTCGGTATGTAAACTTCTATCAGCAGGGAAGACA




ATGACGGTACCTGACTAAGAACGCCCGGCTAACTAC




GTGCC





SEQ_ID_NO_
R_U00016467
TGGGGAATATTGCACAATGGGGGAAACCCTGATGCA


39

GCGACGCCGCGTGAAGGAAGAAGTATCTCGGTATGT




AAACTTCTATCAGCAGGGAAGATAATGACGGTACCT




GACTAAGAAGCCCCGGCTAATTACGTGCC





SEQ_ID_NO_
R_U00000367
TGGGGAATATTGCACAATGGGGGAAACCCTGATGCA


40

GCGACGCCGCGTGAAGGAAGAAGTATCTCGGTATGT




AAACTTCTATCAGCAGGGAAGATAATGACGGTACCT




GACTAAGAAGCCCCGGCTAACTACGTGCC





SEQ_ID_NO_
R_U00459481
TGGGGAATATTGCACAATGGGGGAAACCCTGATGCA


41

GCAACGCCGCGTGGGTGAAGGAGCGTTTCGGCGCGT




AAAGCCCTGTCAGCGGGGAAGAAAAAAGACGGTACC




CGACCAAGAAGCCCCGGCTAACTACGTGCC





SEQ_ID_NO_
R_U00000215
TGGGGAATATTGCACAATGGGCGCAAGCCTGATGCA


42

GCGACGCCGCGTGAGTGAAGAAGTATTTCGGTATGT




AAAGCTCTATCAGCAGGGAAGAAAATGACGGTACCT




GACTAAGAAGCCCCGGCTAACTACGTGCC





SEQ_ID_NO_
R_U00071963
TGGGGAATATTGCACAATGGGGGAAACCCTGATGCA


43

GCGACGCCGCGTGAAAGATGAAGTATTTCGGTATGT




AAACTTCTATCAGCAGGGAAGAAAATGACGGTACCT




GACTAAGAAGCCCCGGCTAACTACGTGCC





SEQ_ID_NO_
R_U00000939
TGGGGAATATTGCACAATGGAGGAAACTCTGATGCA


44

GCGACGCCGCGTGAGTGAAGAAGTATTTCGGTATGT




AAAGCTCTATCAGCAGGGAAGACAGTGACGGTACCT




GACTAAGAAGCTCCGGCTAAATACGTGCC





SEQ_ID_NO_
R_U00472681
TGGGGAATATTGCACAATGGGGGGAACCCTGATGCA


45

GCGACGCCGCGTGAGTGACGAAGTATCTCGGTATGT




AAAGCTCTGTCAGCAGGGAAGAAGAATGACGGTACC




TGAAGAAGAAGCACCGGCTAAATACGTGCC





SEQ_ID_NO_
R_U00000105
TGGGGAATATTGCACAATGGGCGAAAGCCTGATGCA


46

GCGACGCCGCGTGAGTGAAGAAGTATTTCGGTATGT




AAAGCTCTATCAGCAGGGAAGAAAATGACGGTACCT




GACTAAGAAGCCCCGGCTAACTACGTGCC





SEQ_ID_NO_
R_U00000279
TGGGGAATATTGCACAATGGGCGAAAGCCTGATGCA


47

GCAACGCCGCGTGAAGGAAGACGGTTTTCGGATTGT




AAACTTCTATCAATAGGGAAGAAAGAAATGACGGTA




CCTAAATAAGAAGCCCCGGCTAACTACGTGCC





SEQ_ID_NO_
R_U00022935
TGGGGAATATTGCACAATGGGGGAAACCCTGATGCA


48

GCAACGCCGCGTGAAGGAAGACGGTTTTCGGATTGT




AAACTTCTATCAATAGGGAAGAAAGAAATGACGGTA




CCTAAATAAGAAGCCCCGGCTAACTACGTGCC





SEQ_ID_NO_
R_U00000550
TGGGGAATATTGCACAATGGGGGAAACCCTGATGCA


49

GCGACGCCGCGTGGAGGAAGAAGGTCTTCGGATTGT




AAACTCCTGTCCCAGGGGACGATAATGACGGTACCCT




GGGAGGAAGCACCGGCTAACTACGTGCC





SEQ_ID_NO_
R_U00009280
TGGGGAATATTGCACAATGGGCGCAAGCCTGATGCA


50

GCAACGCCGCGTGAAGGAAGACGGTTTTCGGATTGT




AAACTTCTGTTCTTAGTGAAGAAGAATGACGGTAGCT




AAGGAGCAAGCCACGGCTAACTACGTGCC





SEQ_ID_NO_
R_U00164237
TGGGGAATATTGCACAATGGGCGCAAGCCTGATGCA


51

GCAACGCCGCGTGAAGGAAGACGGTTTTCGGATTGT




AAACTTCTGTTCTTAGTGAAGAATAATGACGGTAACT




AAGGAGCAAGCCACGGCTAACTACGTGCC





SEQ_ID_NO_
R_U00032911
TGGGGAATATTGCACAATGGGGGAAACCCTGATGCA


52

GCGACGCCGAGTGAGGGAAGAAGGTTTTCGGATTGT




AAACCTCTGTCCTTGGTGAAGATAATGACGGTAGCCA




AGGAGGAAGCTACGGCTAACTACGTGCC





SEQ_ID_NO_
R_U00040533
TGGGGGATATTGCACAATGGGGGAAACCCTGATGCA


53

GCGACGCCGCGTGAGGGAAGACGGCCTTCGGGTTGT




AAACCTCTGTCGCAGGGGACGAAGGAAGTGACGGTA




CCCTGTGAGGAAGCCACGGCTAACTACGTGCC





SEQ_ID_NO_
R_U01145869
GAATATTGCGCAATGGGGGCAACCCTGACGCAGCAA


54

CGCCGCGTGAAGGATGAAGGTTTTCGGATTGTAAACT




TCTTTTATCAAGGACGAAGGACGTGACGGTACTTGAT




GAATAAGCCACGGCTAACTACGTGCC





SEQ_ID_NO_
R_U00211687
TGGGGAATATTGGGCAATGGGGGAAACCCTGACCCA


55

GCAACGCCGCGTGAAGGAAGAAGGCTTTCGGGTTGT




AAACTTCTTTTACCAGGGGACGAAGGACGTGACGGT




ACCTGGAGAAAAAGCAACGGCTAACTACGTGCC





SEQ_ID_NO_
R_U01206474
TGGGGAATATTGGGCAATGGGGGAAACCCTGACCCA


56

GCAACGCCGCGTGAAGGAAGAAGGCTTTCGGGTTGT




AAACTTCTTTACCTAGGGACGAAGGACGTGACGGTA




CCTGGAGAAAAAGACAACGGCTAACTACGTGCC





SEQ_ID_NO_
R_U01219720
TGGGGAATATTGGGCAATGGGGGAAACCCTGACCCA


57

GCAACGCCGCGTGAAGGAAGAAGGTTTTCGGGTTGT




AAACTTCTTTTACCAGGGACGAAGGACGTGACGGTA




CCTGGAGAAAAAGCAACGGCTAACTACGTGCC





SEQ_ID_NO_
R_U01210669
GACCCAGCAACGCCGCGTGAAGGAAGAAGGTCGTTT


58

CGGGTTAGTAAACTTCTTTTACCGAGGGACGAAGGAC




GTGACGGTACCTGGAGAAAAAGCAACGGCTAACTAC




GTGCC





SEQ_ID_NO_
R_U00001394
TGGGGAATATTGGGCAATGGGGGAAACCCTGACCCA


59

GCAACGCCGCGTGAAGGAAGAAGGCTTTCGGGTTGT




AAACTTCTTTTACCAGGGACGAAGGACGTGACGGTA




CCTGGAGAAAAAGCAACGGCTAACTACGTGCC





SEQ_ID_NO_
R_U00460521
TGGGGAATATTGGGCAATGGGGGAAACCCTGACCCA


60

GCAACGCCGCGTGAAGGAAGAAGGCTTTCGGGTTGT




AAACTTCTTTTACCTAGGGACGAAGGACGTGACGGTA




CCTGGAGAAAAAGACAACGGCTAACTACGTGCC





SEQ_ID_NO_
R_U00831992
TGGGGAATATTGGGCAATGGGGGAAACCCTGACCCA


61

GCAACGCCGCGTGAAGGAAGAAGGCTTTCGGGTTGT




AAACTTCTTTTACCAGGGACGAAGGACGTGACGGTA




CCTGGAGAAAAGACAACGGCTAACTACGTGCC





SEQ_ID_NO_
R_U01143501
TGGGGAATATTGGGCAATGGGCGCAAGCCTGACCCA


62

GCAACGCCGCGTGAAGGAAGAAGGCTTTCGGGTTGT




AAACTTCTTTTCTGGGGGACGAAGAAAGTGACGGTA




CCCCACGGAATAAGCCACGGCTAACTACGTGCC





SEQ_ID_NO_
R_U00815791
TGGGGAATATTGGGCAATGGGCGCAAGCCTGACCCA


63

GCAACGCCGCGTGAAGGAAGAAGGCTTTCGGGTTGT




AAACTTCTTTTCTGGGGGGCGAAGAAAGTGACGGTA




CCCCAGGAATAAGCCACGGCTAACTACGTGCC





SEQ_ID_NO_
R_U00043629
TGGGGAATATTGGGCAATGGGCGCAAGCCTGACCCA


64

GCAACGCCGCGTGAAGGAAGAAGGCTTTCGGGTTGT




AAACTTCTTTTCTGGGGGACGAAGAAAGTGACGGTA




CCCCAGGAATAAGCCACGGCTAACTACGTGCC





SEQ_ID_NO_
R_U00164098
TGGGGAATATTGGGCAATGGGCGCAAGCCTGACCCA


65

GCAACGCCGCGTGAAGGAAGAAGGCTTTCGGGTTGT




AAACTTCTTTTCTCGGGGACGAACAAATGACGGTACC




CGAGGAATAAGCCACGGCTAACTACGTGCC





SEQ_ID_NO_
R_U00000374
TGGGGAATATTGCGCAATGGGGGCAACCCTGACGCA


66

GCAACGCCGCGTGATTGAAGAAGGTCTTCGGATTGTA




AAAATCTTTTATCAAGGACGAAGAAGTGACGGTACTT




GATGAATAAGCTCCGGCTAACTACGTGCC





SEQ_ID_NO_
R_U00003296
TGGGGAATATTGGGCAATGGGGGGAACCCTGACCCA


67

GCAACGCCGCGTGAGGGAAGAAGGTTTTCGGATCGT




AAACCTCTGTCCTTGGTGAAGAGGAGAAGACGGTAG




CCAAGGAGGAAGCCCCGGCTAACTACGTGCC





SEQ_ID_NO_
R_U00027329
TGGGGAATATTGGGCAATGGGGGAAACCCTGACCCA


68

GCAACGCCGCGTGAGGGAAGAAGGTTTTCGGATCGT




AAACCTCTGTCCTTGGTGAAGAGAAGAAGACGGTAG




CCAAGGAGGAAGCCCCGGCTAACTACGTGCC





SEQ_ID_NO_
R_U00003420
TGGGGAATATTGCACAATGGGCGAAAGCCTGATGCA


69

GCAACGCCGCGTGAAGGATGAAGTATTTCGGTATGT




AAACTTCTATCAGCAGGGAAGATAACGACGGTACCT




GACTAAGAAGCCCCGGCTAACTACGTGCC





SEQ_ID_NO_
R_U00436238
TGGGGAATATTGCACAATGGGCGCAAGCCTGATGCA


70

GCAACGCCGCGTGAACGAAGAAGGTCTTCGGATTGT




AAAGTTCTGTCCTTAGGGAAGAAGAAAGTGACGGTA




CCTAAGGAGGAAGCCCCGGCTAACTACGTGCC





SEQ_ID_NO_
R_U00439751
TGGGGAATATTGCACAATGGGCGAAAGCCTGATGCA


71

GCGACGCCGCGTGAGTGAAGAAGTATTTCGGTATGT




AAAGCTCTATCAGCAGGGAAGAAAATGACGGTACCT




G





SEQ_ID_NO_
R_U00004741
TGGGGAATATTGCACAATGGGGGAAACCCTGATGCA


72

GCGACGCCGCGTGAAGGAAGAAGTATTTCGGTATGT




AAACTTCTATCAGCAGGGAAGAAAATGACGGTACCT




GACTAAGAAGCCCCGGCTAATTACGTGCC





SEQ_ID_NO_
R_U01160251
TAGGGAATTTTTCGTCAATGGGCGCAAGCCTGAACGA


73

GCAATGCCGCGTGGGCGAAGAAGGTCTTCGGATCGT




AAAACTCTGTTGCGGGGGAAAAAGGAAGGGAAGAG




GAAATGCTTTTCTTTTGATGGTACCCCGCCAGAAAGT




CACGGCTAACTACGTGCC





SEQ_ID_NO_
R_U01166410
TAGGGAATTTTTCGTCAATGGGCGCAAGCCTGAACGA


74

GCAATGCCGCGTGAGCGAAGAAGGTCTTCGGATCGT




AAAACTCTGTTGCGGGGGAAAAAGGAAGGAAAGAG




GAAATGCTTTTCTTTTGATGGTACCCCGCCAGAAAGT




CACGGCTAACTACGTGCC





SEQ_ID_NO_
R_U01169117
TAGGGAATTTTCGTCAATGGGCGCAAGCCTGAACGA


75

GCAATGCCGCGTGGGCGAAGAAGGTCTTCGGATCGT




AAAAACTCTGTTGCGGGGGAAAAAAGGAAGGGAAG




AGGAAATGCTTTTCTTTTGATGGTACCCCGCCAGAAA




GTCACGGCTAACTACGTGCC





SEQ_ID_NO_
R_U01180557
TAGGGAATTTTCGTCAATGGGCGCAAGCCTGAACGA


76

GCAATGCCGCGTGGGCGAAGAAGGTCTTCGGATCGT




AAAACTCTGTTTGCGGGGGGAAAAAGGAAGGGAAGA




GGAAATGCTTTTCTTTTGATGGTACCCCGCCAGAAAG




TCACGGCTAACTACGTGCC





SEQ_ID_NO_
R_U00804007
TAGGGAATTTTCGTCAATGGGCGCAAGCCTGAACGA


77

GCAATGCCGCGTGGGCGAAGAAGGTCTTCGGATCGT




AAAACTCTGTTGCGGGGGAAAAAGGAAGGGAAGAG




GAAATGCTTTTCTTTTGATGGTACCCCGCCAGAAAGT




CACGGCTAACTACGTGCC





SEQ_ID_NO_
R_U01143008
TAGGGAATTTTCGTCAATGGGCGCAAGCCTGAACGA


78

GCAATGCCGCGTGAGCGAAGAAGGTCTTCGGATCGT




AAAACTCTGTTGCGGGGAAAAGGAAGGGAAGAGGA




AATGCTTTTCTTTTGTATGGTACCCCGCCAGAAAGTC




ACGGCTAACTACGTGCC





SEQ_ID_NO_
R_U01145549
TAGGGAATTTTCGTCAATGGGCGCAAGCCTGAACGA


79

GCAATGCCGCGTGGGCGAAGAAGGTCTTCGGATCGT




AAAACTCTGTTGCGGGGGAAAAGGAAGGGAAGAGG




AAATGCTTTTCTTTTGTATGGTACCCCGCCAGAAAGT




CACGGCTAACTACGTGCC





SEQ_ID_NO_
R_U00808391
TAGGGAATTTTCGTCAATGGGCGCAAGCCTGAACGA


80

GCAATGCCGCGTGGGCGAAGAAGGTCTTCGGATCGT




AAAACTCTGTTGCGGGGGAAAAGGAAGGGAAGAGG




AAATGCTTTTCTTTTGATGGTACCCCGCCAGAAAGTC




ACGGCTAACTACGTGCC





SEQ_ID_NO_
R_U01144224
GGTAATTTTCGTCAATGGGCGCAAGCCTGAACGAGC


81

AATGCCGCGTGGGCGAAGAAGGTCTTCGGATACGTA




AACTCTGTTGCGGGGGAAAAAGGAAGGGAAGAGGA




AATGCTTTCTTTTGATGGTACCCCGCCAGAAAGTCAC




GGCTAACTACGTGCC





SEQ_ID_NO_
R_U01214804
TAGGGAATTTTCGTCAATGGGCGCAAGCCTGAACGA


82

GCAATGCCGCGTGAGCGAAGAAGGTCTTCGGATCGT




AAAACTCTGTTGCGGGGGAAAAAGGAAGGGAAGAG




GAAATGCTTTTCTTTTGATGGTACCCCGCCCAGAAAG




TCACGGCTAACTACGTGCC





SEQ_ID_NO_
R_U01173110
TAGGGAATTTTCGTCAATGGGCGCAAGCCTGAACGA


83

GCAATGCCGCGTGAGCGAAGAAGGTCTTCGGATCGT




AAAACTCTGTTGCGGGGGAAAAAAGGAAGGGAAGA




GGAAATGCTTTTCTTTTGATGGTACCCCGCCAGAAAG




TCACGGCTAACTACGTGCC





SEQ_ID_NO_
R_U00305232
TAGGGAATTTTCGTCAATGGGCGCAAGCCTGAACGA


84

GCAATGCCGCGTGAGCGAAGAAGGTCTTCGGATCGT




AAAACTCTGTTGCGGGGGAAAAAGGAAGGGAAGAG




GAAATGCTTTTCTTTTGATGGTACCCCGCCAGAAAGT




CACGGCTAACTACGTGCC





SEQ_ID_NO_
R_U00043735
TAGGGAATTTTTCGTCAATGGGCGCAAGCCTGAACGA


85

GCAATGCCGCGTGAACGAGGAAGGTCTTCGGATCGT




AAAGTTCTGTTGAGAGGGAAAAAGGGTCACCAGAGG




AAATGCTGGTGAAGTGATATTACCTTTCGAGGAAGTC




ACGGCTAACTACGTGCC





SEQ_ID_NO_ 
R_U00000409
TAGGGAATTTTCGTCAATGGGCGCAAGCCTGAACGA


86

GCAATGCCGCGTGAACGAGGAAGGTCTTCGGATCGT




AAAGTTCTGTTGAGAGGGAAAAAGGGTCACCAGAGG




AAATGCTGGTGAAGTGATATTACCTTTCGAGGAAGTC




ACGGCTAACTACGTGCC





SEQ_ID_NO_
R_U00029718
GGTAATTTTCGTCAATGGGCGCAAGCCTGAACGAGC


87

AATGCCGCGTGAACGAGGAAGGTCTTCGGATCGTAA




AGTTCTGTTGAGAGGGAAAAAGGGTCACCAGAGGAA




ATGCTGGTGAAGTGATATTACCTTTCGAGGAAGTCAC




GGCTAACTACGTGCC





SEQ_ID_NO_
R_U00007185
TAGGGAATTTTCGTCAATGGGCGCAAGCCTGAACGA


88

GCAATGCCGCGTGAACGAGGAAGGTCTTCGGATCGT




AAAGTTCTGTTGAGAGGGAAAAAAGGGTCACCAGAG




GAAATGCTGGTGAAGTGATATTACCTTTCGAGGAAGT




CACGGCTAACTACGTGCC





SEQ_ID_NO_
R_U00011248
TAGGGAATTTTCGTCAATGGGCGCAAGCCTGAACGA


89

GCAATGCCGCGTGAACGAGGAAGGTCTTCGGATCGT




AAAGTTCTGTTGAGAGGGAAAAGGGTCACCAGAGGA




AATGCTGGTGAAGTGATATTACCTTTCGAGGAAGTCA




CGGCTAACTACGTGCC





SEQ_ID_NO_
R_U01156257
TAGGGAATTTTCGTCAAGTGGGCGCAAGCCTGAACG


90

AGCAATGCCGCGTGAACGAGGAAGGTCTTCGGATAC




GTAAAGTTCTGTTGAGAGGAAAAAGGGTCACCAGAG




GAAATGCTGGTGAAGTGATATTACCTTTCGAGGAAGT




CACGGCTAACTACGTGCC





SEQ_ID_NO_
R_U00808203
TAGGGAATTTTCGTCAATGGGCGCAAGCCTGAACGA


91

GCAATGCCGCGTGAGCGAAGAAGGTCTTCGGATCGT




AAAACTCTGTTGCGGGGGAAAAGGAAGGGAAGAGG




AAATGCTTTTCTTTTGATGGTACCCCGCCAGAAAGTC




ACGGCTAACTACGTGCC





SEQ_ID_NO_
R_U00003073
TAGGGAATTTTCGGCAATGGGCGAAAGCCTGACCGA


92

GCAACGCCGCGTGAGTGAAGAAGGCCTTCGGGTTGT




AAAGCTCTGTTGTGAAGGAAGAACGGCTCATAGAGG




GAATGCTATGGGAGTGACGGTACTTTACCAGAAAGC




CACGGCTAACTACGTGCC





SEQ_ID_NO_
R_U00000235
TGGGGAATCTTCCGCAATGGACGAAAGTCTGACGGA


93

GCAACGCCGCGTGAGTGATGAAGGATTTCGGTCTGTA




AAGCTCTGTTGTTTATGACGAACGTGCAGTGTGTGAA




CAATGCATTGCAATGACGGTAGTAAACGAGGAAGCC




ACGGCTAACTACGTGCC
















TABLE 2







16S rRNA gene V3 region sequence of those bacteria


suppressed/eliminated by berberine.









List
OTUName
16S rRNA Gene V3 Region Sequence





SEQ_ID_NO_
R_U0043619
TGAGGAATATTGGGCAATGGGGGCAACCCTGACCCAG


94
5
CCATGCCGCGTGAGTGAAGAAGGTTTTCGGATTGTAA




AGCTCTTTCGGATGTGACGATGATGACGGTAGCATCT




AAAGAAGCCCCGGCAAACTTCGTGCC





SEQ_ID_NO_
R_U0010141
GNGGGAAACCCTGAAGCAGCAACGCCGCGTGGAGGA


95
6
TGAAGGTTTCGGATTGTAAACTCCTTTGTTAGAGAAG




ATAATGACGGTATCTAACGAATAAGCACCGGCTAACT




CCGTGCC





SEQ_ID_NO_
R_U0000040
TAGGGAATATTGCTCAATGGGGGAAACCCTGAAGCAG


96
7
CAACGCCGCGTGGAGGATGAAGGTTTTCGGATTGTAA




ACTCCTTTTGTTAGAGAAGATAATGACGGTATCTAAC




GAATAAGCACCGGCTAACTCCGTGCC





SEQ_ID_NO_
R_U0080096
TGAGGAATATTGGTCAATGGGCGGAAGCCTGAACCAG


97
6
CCAAGTAGCGTGCAGGAAGACGGCCCTACGGGTTGTA




AACTGCTTTTATGCGGGGATAAAGTGCAATACGTGTA




TTGCTTTGCAGGTACCGCATGAATAAGGACCGGCTAA




TTCCGTGCC





SEQ_ID_NO_
R_U0113198
TGAGGAATATTGGTCAATGGGCGGAAGCCTGAACCAG


98
2
CCAAGTAGCGTGCAGGATGACGGCCCTACGGGTTGTA




AACTGCTTTTTTGCGGGAATAAAGCGGCTCACGTGTG




AGCCTTTGCATGTACCGCACGAATAAGGACCGGCTAA




TTCCGTGCC





SEQ_ID_NO_
R_U0079783
TGAGGAATATTGGTCAATGGGCGAGAGCCTGAACCAG


99
9
CCAAGTAGCGTGCAGGATGACGGCCCTATGGGTTGTA




AACTGCTTTTATACGGGGATAAAGTTGGGGACGTGTC




CCCATTTGTAGGTACCGTATGAATAAGGACCGGCTAA




TTCCGTGCC





SEQ_ID_NO_
R_U0000398
TGAGGAATATTGGTCAATGGTCGTGAGACTGAACCAG


100
1
CCAAGTAGCGTGCGGGATGAAGGCCCTCCGGGTCGTA




AACCGCTTTTAGACGGGGATAAAAGGGCATACGTGTA




TGCCGTATTGCATGTACCGTCAGAAAAAGGACCGGCT




AATTCCGTGCC





SEQ_ID_NO_
R_U0000140
TGAGGAATATTGGTCAATGGGCGAGAGCCTGAACCAG


101
4
CCAAGTAGCGTGAAGGAAGACTGCCCTATGGGTTGTA




AACTTCTTTTATAAGGGAATAAAGAGCGCCACGTGTG




GTGTGTTGTATGTACCTTATGAATAAGCATCGGCTAAT




TCCGTGCC





SEQ_ID_NO_
R_U0000005
TGAGGAATATTGGTCAATGGGCGTGAGCCTGAACCAG


102
2
CCAAGCCGCGTGAGGGAAGAAGGCGCCAGGCGTCGT




AAACCTCTTTTGCCGGGGAACAAAGGGCGCCACGTGT




GGCGTTGTGAGTGTACCCGGAGAAAAAGCATCGGCTA




ACTCCGTGCC





SEQ_ID_NO_
R_U0000096
TGAGGAATATTGGTCAATGGGCGTGAGCCTGAACCAG


103
4
CCAAGCCGCGTGAGGGAGGAAGGCGCCAGGCGTCGT




AAACCTCTTTTGCCGGGGAACAAAGGGCGCCACGTGT




GGCGTTGTGAGTGTACCCGGAGAAAAAGCATCGGCTA




ACTCCGTGCC





SEQ_ID_NO_
R_U0004069
TGAGGAATATTGGTCAATGGGCGTGAGCCTGAACCAG


104
0
CCAAGCCGCGTGAGGGAGGAAGGCGCCAGGCGTCGT




AAACCTCTTTTGCCGGGGAACAAAGGGCGCCACGTGT




GGCGTTGTGAGTGTACCCGGAGAAAAGCATCGGCTAA




CTCCGTGCC





SEQ_ID_NO_
R_U0082399
TGAGGAATATTGGTCAATGGGCGTGAGCCTGAACCAG


105
1
CCAAGCCGCGTGAGGGAGGAAGGCGCCAGGCGTCGT




AAACCTCTTTTGCCGGGGAACAAAGGGCGCCACGTGT




GGCGTTGTGAGTGTACCCGGAGAAAAAAGCATCGGCT




AACTCCGTGCC





SEQ_ID_NO_
R_U0000080
TGAGGAATATTGGTCAATGGGCGGGAGCCTGAACCAG


106
4
CCAAGCCGCGTGAGGGAATAAGGCGCCAAGCGTCGTA




AACCTCTTTTGTCAGGGAACAAAAGCGGGCACGCGTG




CCCGTCCGAGTGTACCTGAAGAAAAAGCATCGGCTAA




CTCCGTGCC





SEQ_ID_NO_
R_U0115591
TGAGGAATATTGGTCAATGGGCGAGAGCCTGAACCAG


107
5
CCAAGCCGCGTGAAGGAAGAAGGTGCTAAGCATTGTA




AACTTCTTTTGTCAGGGAACAAAGAGCGCGACGAGTC




GCGCCGTGAGTGTACCTGAAGAAAAAGACATCGGCTA




ACTCCGTGCC





SEQ_ID_NO_
R_U0045985
TGAGGAATATTGGTCAATGGGCGAGAGCCTGAACCAG


108
0
CCAAGCCGCGTGAAGGAAGAAGGTGCTAAGCATTGTA




AACTTCTTTTGTCAGGGAACAAAGAGCGCGACGAGTC




GCGCCGTGAGTGTACCTGAAGAAAAAGCATCGGCTAA




CTCCGTGCC





SEQ_ID_NO_
R_U0079809
TGAGGAATATTGGTCAATGGGCGAGAGCCTGAACCAG


109
8
CCAAGCCGCGTGAAGGAAGAAGGTGCTAAGCATTGTA




AACTTCTTTTGTCAGGGAACAAAGAGCGCGACGAGTC




GCGCCGTGAGTGTACCTGAAGAAAAGCATCGGCTAAC




TCCGTGCC





SEQ_ID_NO_
R_U0000917
TGAGGAATATTGGTCAATGGTCGGAAGACTGAACCAG


110
0
CCAAGCCGCGTGAAGGAAGAAGGTGCTCGGCATCGTA




AACTTCTTTTGTCAGGGAACAAAGGGCGGTACGTGTA




CCGCTGTGAGTGTACCTGAAGAAAAAGCATCGGCTAA




CTCCGTGCC





SEQ_ID_NO_
R_U0110215
TGAGGAATATTGGTCAATGGTCGGAAGACTGAACCAG


111
3
CCAAGCCGCGTGAAGGAAGAAGGTGCTCGGCATCGTA




AACTTCTTTTGTCAGGGAACAAAGGGCGGTACGTGTA




CCGCTGTGAGTGTACCTGAAGAAAAAAGCATCGGCTA




ACTCCGTGCC





SEQ_ID_NO_
R_U0000623
TGAGGAATATTGGTCAATGGGCGTGAGCCTGAACCAG


112
0
CCAAGCCGCGTGAAGGAAGAAGGTGCAGGGCATCGT




AAACTTCTTTTGCCGGGGAACAATAAGCGGGACTAGT




CCCGCGACGAGTGTACCCGGAGAAAAAGCATCGGCTA




ACTCCGTGCC





SEQ_ID_NO_
R_U0046534
TGAGGAATATTGGTCAATGGGCGTGAGCCTGAACCAG


113
4
CCAAGCCGCGTGAAGGAAGAAGGTGCAGGGCATCGT




AAACTTCTTTTGCCGGGGAACAATAAGCGGGACTAGT




CCCGCGACGAGTGTACCCGGAGAAAAGACATCGGCTA




ACTCCGTGCC





SEQ_ID_NO_
R_U0000120
TGAGGAATATTGGTCAATGGTCGGGAGACTGAACCAG


114
2
CCAAGCCGCGTGAGGGATGGAGGTACAGAGTATCGTA




AACCTCTTTTGTCAGGGAACAAAGGGCGCCACGTGTG




GCGCTATGAGGGTACCTGAAGAAAAAGCATCGGCTAA




CTCCGTGCC





SEQ_ID_NO_
R_U0000138
TGAGGAATATTGGTCAATGGGAGAGATCCTGAACCAG


115
4
CCAAGCCGCGTGAGGGAAGACGGCACTACGTGTTGTA




AACCTCTTTTGCCGGGGAACAAAAGCGGGGACGCGTC




CCCGTCCGCGTGTACCCGGAGAAAAAGCATCGGCTAA




CTCCGTGCC





SEQ_ID_NO_
R_U0080279
TGAGGAATATTGGTCAATGGGCGGGAGCCTGAACCAG


116
9
CCAAGTCGCGTGAGGGAAGACGGCCCTACGGGTTGTA




AACCTCTTTTGTCGGGGAGCAAAGAGCGCCACGCGTG




GCGAGATGAGAGTACCCGAAGAAAAAGCATCGGCTA




ACTCCGTGCC





SEQ_ID_NO_
R_U0080845
TGAGGAATATTGGTCAATGGGCGGGAGCCTGAACCAG


117
3
CCAAGTCGCGTGAGGGAAGACGGCCCTACGGGTTGTA




AACCTCTTTTGTCGGGGAGCAAAGAGCGCCACGCGTG




GCGAGATGAGAGTACCCGAAGAAAAAGACATCGGCT




AACTCCGTGCC





SEQ_ID_NO_
R_U0002671
TGAGGAATATTGGTCAATGGGCGGGAGCCTGAACCAG


118
1
CCAAGCCGCGTGAAGGAAGACGGCCCTACGGGTTGTA




AACTTCTTTTGTTGCAGGACAACACCCCGGACGCGTCC




GGGCATGAGTGTATGCAAAGAAAAAGCATCGGCTAAC




TCCGTGCC





SEQ_ID_NO_
R_U0000065
TGAGGAATATTGGTCAATGGGCGGGAGCCTGAACCAG


119
0
CCAAGCCGCGTGAGGGAATAAGGCCCTACGGGTCGTA




AACCTCTTTTGTCGGGGAACAAAACCGGAGACGAGTC




TCCGGCTGCGTGTACCCGAAGAAAAAGCATCGGCTAA




CTCCGTGCC





SEQ_ID_NO_
R_U0000083
TGAGGAATATTGGTCAATGGGCGGGAGCCTGAACCAG


120
9
CCAAGCCGCGTGAGGGAAGAAGGCGCTCAGCGTCGTA




AACCTCTTTAGCCGGGGAACAAAGAGCTGCTCGGGAA




GCAGCGTTGAGCGTACCCGGAGAATAAGCATCGGCTA




ACTCCGTGCC





SEQ_ID_NO_
R_U0115793
TGAGGAATATTGGTCAATGGGCGGAAGCCTGAACCAG


121
0
CCAAGTCGCGTGAGGGACGACGGTCCTACGGATTGTA




AACCTCTTTTGCCGGGGAGCAATGCGCGGTACGCGTA




CCGCGACGGAGAGTACCCGGAGAAAAAGCATCGGCT




AACTCCGTGCC





SEQ_ID_NO_
R_U0079842
TGAGGAATATTGGTCAATGGGCGAGAGCCTGAACCAG


122
0
CCAAGTCGCGTGAGGGAAGACGGCCCTACGGGTTGTA




AACCTCTTTTGTCGGGGAGCAAAGAGCGCCACGCGTG




GCGAGATGAGAGTACCCGAAGAAAAGACATCGGCTA




ACTCCGTGCC





SEQ_ID_NO_
R_U0000193
TGAGGAATATTGGTCAATGGGCGCGAGCCTGAACCAG


123
3
CCAAGTCGCGTGAGGGAAGACGGCCCTACGGGTTGTA




AACCTCTTTTGTCGGGGAGCAAGGACTGCCACGAGTG




GCAGGGCGAGAGTACCCGAAGAAAAAGCATCGGCTA




ACTCCGTGCC





SEQ_ID_NO_
R_U0000149
TGAGGAATATTGGTCAATGGGCGGGAGCCTGAACCAG


124
1
CCAAGTCGCGTGAGGGAAGACGGTCTTACGGATTGTA




AACCTCTTTTGCCGGGGAGCAAAGGGCGCCACGCGTG




GCGTTTCGAGAGTACCCGGAGAAAAAGCATCGGCTAA




CTCCGTGCC





SEQ_ID_NO_
R_U0000647
TGAGGAATATTGGTCAATGGCCGAGAGGCTGAACCAG


125
6
CCAAGTCGCGTGAGGGAAGACGGTCCTATGGATTGTA




AACCTCTTTTGTCGGGGAGCAAAAGGCGTCACGTGTG




ACGCTATGAGAGTACCCGAAGAAAAAGCATCGGCTAA




CTCCGTGCC





SEQ_ID_NO_
R_U0000150
TGAGGAATATTGGTCAATGGCCGGAAGGCTGAACCAG


126
2
CCAAGCCGCGTGAGGGAGGAAGGCGCAGAGCGTCGC




AGACCTCTTTTGCCGGGGGACAAAAGGCCGGACTCGT




CCGGTCCTGAGGGTACCCGGAGAAAAAGCATCGGCTA




ACTCCGTGCC





SEQ_ID_NO_
R_U0000150
TGAGGAATATTGGTCAATGGGCGCGAGCCTGAACCAG


127
4
CCAAGTCGCGTGAGGGATGACGGCCCTACGGGTTGTA




AACCTCTTTTGTCGGGGAGCAAATTCCGTTACGTGTAA




CGGAGTCGAGAGTACCCGAAGAAAAAGCATCGGCTA




ACTCCGTGCC





SEQ_ID_NO_
R_U0000060
TGAGGAATATTGGTCAATGGGCGGAAGCCTGAACCAG


128
9
CCAAGTCGCGTGAGGGAAGACGGTCCTATGGATTGTA




AACCTCTTTTGCAGGGGAGCAAGGCACGGTACGTGTA




CCGTGAAGGAGAGTACCCTGAGAAAAAGCATCGGCTA




ACTCCGTGCC





SEQ_ID_NO_
R_U0000926
TGAGGAATATTGGTCAATGGGCGGAAGCCTGAACCAG


129
1
CCAAGTCGCGTGAGGGAAGACGGTCCTATGGATTGTA




AACCTCTTTTGTCGGGGAGCAAAGCCGCTCACGTGTG




AGCGGAAGGAGAGTACCCGAAGAAAAAGCATCGGCT




AACTCCGTGCC





SEQ_ID_NO_
R_U0113699
TGAGGAATATTGGTCAATGGGCGGAAGCCTGAACCAG


130
2
CCAAGTCGCGTGAGGGAGGACGGTCCTATGGATTGTA




AACCTCTTTTGTCGGGGAGCAAAGCCGCTCACGTGTG




AGCGGAAGGAGAGTACCCGAAGAAAAAGCATCGGCT




AACTCCGTGCC





SEQ_ID_NO_
R_U0000049
TGAGGAATATTGGTCAATGGCCGAAGGGCTGAACCAG


131
7
CCAAGTCGCGTGAGGGAAGACGGCCCTACGGGTTGTA




AACCTCTTTTGCCGGGGAGCAAAGGCGGTCACTGGTG




ACCGGATGAGAGTACCCGGAGAAAAAGCATCGGCTA




ACTCCGTGCC





SEQ_ID_NO_
R_U0000088
TGAGGAATATTGGTCAATGGGCGAGAGCCTGAACCAG


132
6
CCAAGTCGCGTGAGGGAAGACGGTCCTATGGATTGTA




AACCTCTTTTGTCAGGGAGCAAGGAGGGCCACGAGTG




GCGCTTCGGAGAGTACCTGAAGAAAAAGCATCGGCTA




ACTCCGTGCC





SEQ_ID_NO_
R_U0114329
TGAGGAATATTGGTCAATGGCCGAGAGGCTGAACCAG


133
2
CCAAGTCGCGTGAGGGAAGACGGCCCTACGGGTTGTA




AACCTCTTTTGTCGGGGAGCAAACAGCGCAACGCGCT




TGCGCATTGAGAGTACCCGAAGAAAAAGCATCGGCTA




ACTCCGTGCC





SEQ_ID_NO_
R_U0080318
TGAGGAATATTGGTCAATGGGCGAGAGCCTGAACCAG


134
8
CCAAGTCGCGTGAGGGAAGACGGCCCTACGGGTTGTA




AACCTCTTTTGTCGGGGAGCAAAGAGCGCCACGCGTG




GCGAGATGAGAGTACCCGAAGAAAAAGCATCGGCTA




ACTCCGTGCC





SEQ_ID_NO_
R_U0000878
TGAGGAATATTGGTCAATGGGCGAGAGCCTGAACCAG


135
2
CCAAGTCGCGTGAGGGAAGACGGCCCTATGGGTTGTA




AACCTCTTTTGCCGGGGAGCAAAGAACCGCACGTGTG




CGGTCTGGAGAGTACCCGGAGAAAAAGCATCGGCTAA




CTCCGTGCC





SEQ_ID_NO_
R_U0000140
TGAGGAATATTGGTCAATGGGCGGAAGCCTGAACCAG


136
6
CCAAGTCGCGTGAGGGAATAAGGCCCTAAGGGTCGTA




AACCTCTTTTGCCGGGGAGCAATGGTTCGCTTGCGAG




CGGACAGGGAGAGTACCCGGAGAAAAAGCATCGGCT




AACTCCGTGCC





SEQ_ID_NO_
R_U0003088
TGAGGAATATTGGTCAATGGCCGTAAGGCTGAACCAG


137
0
CCAAGTCGCGTGAGGGAAGACGGCCCTACGGGTTGTA




AACCTCTTTTGCCGGGGAGCAAAAGGCGCCACGCGTG




GCGTTTCGAGAGTACCCGGAGAAAAAGCATCGGCTAA




CTCCGTGCC





SEQ_ID_NO_
R_U0045093
TGAGGAATATTGGTCAATGGGCGTAAGCCTGAACCAG


138
8
CCAAGTCGCGTGAGGGAAGACGGCCCTATGGGTTGTA




AACCTCTTTTGTCGGGGAGCAAAGCCGCCCACGTGTG




GGCGGAAGGAGAGTACCCGAAGAAAAAGCATCGGCT




AACTCCGTGCC





SEQ_ID_NO_
R_U0000976
TGAGGAATATTGGTCAATGGGCGTAAGCCTGAACCAG


139
3
CCAAGTCGCGTGAGGGAAGACGGCCCTATGGGTTGTA




AACCTCTTTTGTCGGGGAGCAAAGCCGCCCACGAGTG




GGCGGAAGGAGAGTACCCGAAGAAAAAGCATCGGCT




AACTCCGTGCC





SEQ_ID_NO_
R_U0115549
TGAGGAATATTGGTCAATGGGCGTAAGCCTGAACCAG


140
5
CCAAGTCGCGTGAGGGAAGACGGCCCTATGGGTTGTA




AACCTCTTTTGTCGGGGAGCAAAGCCGCCCACGAGTG




GGCGGAAGGAGAGTACCCGAAGAAAAAGACATCGGC




TAACTCCGTGCC





SEQ_ID_NO_
R_U0079869
TGAGGAATATTGGTCAATGGGCGTAAGCCTGAACCAG


141
4
CCAAGTCGCGTGAGGGAAGACGGCCCTATGGGTTGTA




AACCTCTTTTGTCGGGGAGCAAAGCCGCCCACGAGTG




GGCGGAAGGAGAGTACCCGAAGAAAAGACATCGGCT




AACTCCGTGCC





SEQ_ID_NO_
R_U0080236
TGAGGAATATTGGTCAATGGGCGGTAGCCTGAACCAG


142
0
CCAAGTCGCGTGAGGGAAGACGGTCCTATGGATTGTA




AACCTCTTTTGCCGGGGAGCAAGGCCATGTACGTGTA




CGTGGCCTGAGAGTACCCGGAGAAAAAGCATCGGCTA




ACTCCGTGCC





SEQ_ID_NO_
R_U0116278
TGAGGAATATTGGTCAATGGGCGCGAGCCTGAACCAG


143
2
CCAAGTCGCGTGAGGGAAGACGGTCCTAAGGATTGTA




AACCTCTTTTGTCAGGGAGCAAGGAGCGCCACGTGTG




GCGCGGCGAGAGTACCTGAAGAAAAAGACATCGGCT




AACTCCGTGCC





SEQ_ID_NO_
R_U0000270
TGAGGAATATTGGTCAATGGGCGCGAGCCTGAACCAG


144
9
CCAAGTCGCGTGAGGGAAGACGGTCCTAAGGATTGTA




AACCTCTTTTGTCAGGGAGCAAGGAGCGCCACGTGTG




GCGCGGCGAGAGTACCTGAAGAAAAAGCATCGGCTA




ACTCCGTGCC





SEQ_ID_NO_
R_U0000523
TGAGGAATATTGGTCAATGGGCGAGAGCCTGAACCAG


145
2
CCAAGTCGCGTGAGGGAAGACAGTCCTATGGATTGTA




AACCTCTTTTGCCGGGGAGCAAAGAGCGGCACGTGTG




CCGCGCCGAGAGTACCCGGAGAAAAAGCATCGGCTA




ACTCCGTGCC





SEQ_ID_NO_
R_U0000030
TGAGGAATATTGGTCAATGGGCGAGAGCCTGAACCAG


146
5
CCAAGTCGCGTGAGGGAAGACGGTCCTATGGATTGTA




AACCTCTTTTGCCGGGGAGCAAAGAGCGGCACGTGTG




CCGCGCCGAGAGTACCCGGAGAAAAAGCATCGGCTA




ACTCCGTGCC





SEQ_ID_NO_
R_U0000682
TGAGGAATATTGGTCAATGGGCGAGAGCCTGAACCAG


147
1
CCAAGTCGCGTGAGGGAAGACGGTCCTATGGATTGTA




AACCTCTTTTGTCGGGGAGCAACGAAGGCACGTGTGC




CAGAAGCGAGATTACCCGAAGAAAAAGCATCGGCTA




ACTCCGTGCC





SEQ_ID_NO_
R_U0119940
TGAGGAATATTGGTCAATGGGCGAGAGCCTGAACCAG


148
5
CCAAGTCGCGTGAGGGAAGACGGTCCTATGGATTGTA




AACCTCTTTTGTCGGGGAGCAACGAAGGCACGTGTGC




CAGAAGCGAGATTACCCGAAGAAAAAGACATCGGCT




AACTCCGTGCC





SEQ_ID_NO_
R_U0000615
TGAGGAATATTGGTCAATGGGCGAGAGCCTGAACCAG


149
0
CCAAGTCGCGTGAGGGAAGACGGTCCTATGGATTGTA




AACCTCTTTTGTCGGGGAGCAACGAAGGCACGTGTGC




CTGAAGCGAGATTACCCGAAGAAAAAGCATCGGCTAA




CTCCGTGCC





SEQ_ID_NO_
R_U0000020
TGAGGAATATTGGTCAATGGGCGGGAGCCTGAACCAG


150
6
CCAAGTCGCGTGAGGGAAGACGGTCCTATGGATTGTA




AACCTCTTTTGTCGGGGAGCAAAGAGGCCACGTGTGG




TCAAAAGCGAGAGTACCCGAAGAAAAAGCATCGGCT




AACTCCGTGCC





SEQ_ID_NO_
R_U0115067
TGAGGAATATTGGTCAATGGGCGGGAGCCTGAACCAG


151
3
CCAAGTCGCGTGAGGGAAGACGGTCCTATGGATTGTA




AACCTCTTTTGTCGGGGAGCAAAGAGGCCACGTGTGG




TCAAAAGCGAGAGTACCCGAAGAAAAAGACATCGGC




TAACTCCGTGCC





SEQ_ID_NO_
R_U0080581
TGAGGAATATTGGTCAATGGGCGGAAGCCTGAACCAG


152
1
CCAAGTCGCGTGAGGGAAGACGGTCCTATGGATTGTA




AACCTCTTTTGTCGGGGAGCAAGGATCCGCACGAGTG




CGGAGGCGAGAGTACCCGAAGAAAAAGCATCGGCTA




ACTCCGTGCC





SEQ_ID_NO_
R_U0119947
TGAGGAATATTGGTCAATGGGCGGAAGCCTGAACCAG


153
1
CCAAGTCGCGTGAGGGAAGACGGTCCTATGGATTGTA




AACCTCTTTTGTCGGGGAGCAAGGATCCGCACGAGTG




CGGAGGCGAGAGTACCCGAAGAAAAAGACATCGGCT




AACTCCGTGCC





SEQ_ID_NO_
R_U0000006
TGAGGAATATTGGTCAATGGGCGAGAGCCTGAACCAG


154
8
CCAAGTCGCGTGAGGGAAGAATGGTCTATGGCCTGTA




AACCTCTTTTGTCAGGGAAGAATAAGGATGACGAGTC




ATTCGATGCCAGTACTTGACGAATAAGCATCGGCTAA




CTCCGTGCC





SEQ_ID_NO_
R_U0000555
TGAGGAATATTGGTCAATGGACGCAAGTCTGAACCAG


155
9
CCATGCCGCGTGCAGGAAGACGGCTCTATGAGTTGTA




AACTGCTTTTGTACGAGGGTAAACCCGGATACGTGTA




TCCGGCTGAAAGTATCGTACGAATAAGGATCGGCTAA




CTCCGTGCC





SEQ_ID_NO_
R_U0080196
CTAAGGATATTCCGCAACGGGCGGAAGCCCGGCGGAG


156
1
CGACGCCGCGTGGACGAGGAAGGCCGGAAGGTTGCA




GAGTCCTTTTGCGGGGGAAGAAGGAGCCGCGGAGGG




AATGCCGCGGCGGCGACCGAACCCCGCGAATAAGGG




GCGGCTAATTACGTGCC





SEQ_ID_NO_
R_U0000012
TGGGGAATATTGCACAATGGGCGCAAGCCTGATGCAG


157
6
CGACGCCGCGTGCGGGATGGAGGCCTTCGGGTTGTAA




ACCGCTTTTGTTCAAGGGCAAGGCACGGCTTCGGGCC




GTGTTGAGTGGATTGTTCGAATAAGCACCGGCTAACT




ACGTGCC





SEQ_ID_NO_
R_U0016410
TGGGGAATATTGCACAATGGGGGGAACCCTGATGCAG


158
5
CGACGCCGCGTGGGTGAAGAAGTATTTCGGTATGTAA




AGCCCTATCAGCAGGGAAGAAAAAGACGGTACCTGA




CTAAGAAGCCCCGGCTAACTACGTGCC





SEQ_ID_NO_
R_U0011807
TGGGGAATATTGCACAATGGGGGAAACCCTGATGCAG


159
8
CGACGCCGCGTGAAGGAAGAAGTATTTCGGTATGTAA




ACTTCTATCAGCAGGGAAGAAAATGACGGTATCTGAC




TAAGAAGCCCCGGCTAACTACGTGCC





SEQ_ID_NO_
R_U0114837
TGGGGGATATTGCACAATGGGGGAAACCCTGATGCAG


160
6
CGACGCCGCGTGGGTGAAGAAGTATTTCGGTATGTAA




AGCCCTATCAGCAGGGAAGAAAATGACAGTACCTGAA




TAAGAAGCCCCGGCTAACTACGTGCC





SEQ_ID_NO_
R_U0044400
TGGGGGATATTGCACAATGGGGGGAACCCTGATGCAG


161
2
CGACGCCGCGTGGGTGAAGAAGTATTTCGGTATGTAA




AGCCCTATCAGCAGGGAAGAAAGAAGACGGTACCTG




AGTAAGAAGCCCCGGCTAACTACGTGCC





SEQ_ID_NO_
R_U0113039
TGGGGAGTATTGCACAATGGGGGAAACCCGTGATGCA


162
6
GCGACGCCGCGTGAGTGAAGAAGTATTTCGGTATGTA




AAGCTCTATCAGCAGGGAAGAAAATAGACGGTACCTG




ACTAAGAAGCCCCGGCTAACTACGTGCC





SEQ_ID_NO_
R_U0001158
TGGGGGATATTGGACAATGGGGGGAACCCTGATCCAG


163
2
CGACGCCGCGTGAGTGAAGAAGTATTTCGGTATGTAA




AGCTCTATCAGCAGGGAAGAAAGAAATGACGGTACCT




GACCAAGAAGCCCCGGCTAACTACGTGCC





SEQ_ID_NO_
R_U0043988
TGGGGAATATTGCACAATGGGGGAAACCCTGATGCAG


164
8
CGACGCCGCGTGAGTGAAGAAGTAATTCGTTACGTAA




AGCTCTATCAGCAGGGAAGAAAAAGAAATGACGGTA




CCTGATTAAGAAGCCCCGGCTAACTACGTGCC





SEQ_ID_NO_
R_U0116361
TGGGGAATATTGCACAATGGGGGGAACCCTGATGCAG


165
7
CAATGCCGCGTGAGTGAAGAAGTATTTCGGTATGTAA




AGCTCTATCAGCAGGGAAGAAAAAAGACGGTACCTG




ACTAAGAAGCCCCGGCTAACTACGTGCC





SEQ_ID_NO_
R_U0002930
TGGGGAATATTGCACAATGGGGGAAACCCTGATGCAG


166
6
CAATGCCGCGTGAGTGAAGAAGTATTTCGGTATGTAA




AGCTCTATCAGCAGGGAAGAAAAAAGACGGTACCTG




ACTAAGAAGCCCCGGCTAACTACGTGCC





SEQ_ID_NO_
R_U0079798
TGGGGAATATTGCACAATGGAGGAAACTCTGATGCAG


167
5
CGACGCCGCGTGAGTGAAGAAGTAATTCGTTACGTAA




AGCTCTATCAGCAGGGAAGAAAAAATGACGGTACCTG




ACTAAGAAGCACCGGCTAAATACGTGCC





SEQ_ID_NO_
R_U0117359
TGGGGAATATTGCACAATGGAGGAAACTCTGATGCAG


168
4
CGACGCCGCGTGAGTGAAGAAGTAATTCGTTACGTAA




AGCTCTATCAGCAGGGAGAAAAAAATGACGGTACCTG




ACTAAGAAGCACCGGCTAAATACGTGCC





SEQ_ID_NO_
R_U0000928
TGGGGGATATTGCACAATGGGGGAAACCCTGATGCAG


169
2
CGACGCCGCGTGAGTGAAGAAGTATTTCGGTATGTAA




AGCTCTATCAGCAGGGAAGAAGATGACAGTACCTGAC




TAAGAAGCCCCGGCTAACTACGTGCC





SEQ_ID_NO_
R_U0016528
TGGGGAATATTGCACAATGGGGGGAACCCTGATGCAG


170
8
CAACGCCGCGTGAGTGAAGAAGTATTTCGGTATGTAA




AGCTCTATCAGCAGGGAAGAAAATGACGGTACCTGAC




TAAGAAGCTCCGGCTAAATACGTGCC





SEQ_ID_NO_
R_U0000348
TGGGGAATATTGCACAATGGGGGAAACCCTGATGCAG


171
1
CGATGCCGCGTGGAGGAAGAAGGTTTTCGGATTGTAA




ACTCCTGTCTTAAAGGACGATAATGACGGTACTTTAG




GAGGAAGCTCCGGCTAACTACGTGCC





SEQ_ID_NO_
R_U0000354
TGGGGAATATTGCACAATGGGCGCAAGCCTGATGCAG


172
8
CGACGCCGCGTGAGTGAGGAAGTATTTCGGTATGTAA




AGCTCTATCAGCAGGGAAGAAGAATGACGGTACCTGA




CTAAGAAGCACCGGCTAAATACGTGCC





SEQ_ID_NO_
R_U0079847
TGGGGAATATTGCACAATGGAGGGAACTCTGATGCAG


173
2
CGACGCCGCGTGAGTGAAGAAGTAATTCGTTATGTAA




AGCTCTGTCAGCAGGGAAGAAAGTGACGGTACCTGAA




AAAGAAGCTCCGGCTAAATACGTGCC





SEQ_ID_NO_
R_U0080400
TGGGGAATATTGCACAATGGGGGAAACCCTGATGCAG


174
5
CGACGCCGCGTGAGTGAAGAAATATTTCGGTATGTAA




AGCTCTATCAGCAGGGAAGAAAATGACGGTACCTGAG




TAAGAAGCCCCGGCTAACTACGTGCC





SEQ_ID_NO_
R_U0016481
TGGGGAATATTGCACAATGGGGGAAACCCTGATGCAG


175
4
CGACGCCGCGTGAGTGAAGAAGTAATTCGTTATGTAA




AGCTCTATCAGCAAGGAAGAAAAAAGACGGTACTTGA




CTAAGAAGCCCCGGCTAAATACGTGCC





SEQ_ID_NO_
R_U0050740
TGGGGGATATTGCACAATGGGGGAAACCCTGATGCAG


176
9
CGACGCCGCGTGGGTGAAGAAGTATTTCGGTATGTAA




AGCCCTATCAGCAGGGAAGAAGATGACAGTACCTGAC




TAAGAAGCCCCGGCTAACTACGTGCC





SEQ_ID_NO_
R_U0000995
TGGGGGATATTGCACAATGGGGGGAACCCTGATGCAG


177
2
CGACGCCGCGTGGGTGAAGGAGTACTCCGGTATGTAA




AGCCCTATCGGCAGGGAAGAAGATGACGGTACCTGAC




TAAGAAGCTCCGGCTAAATACGTGCC





SEQ_ID_NO_
R_U0083254
TGGGGGATATTGCACAATGGGGGAAACCCTGATGCAG


178
9
CGACGCCGCGTGAGTGAAGAAGTATTTCGGTATGTAA




AGCTCTATCAGCAGGGAAGAAAGTGACAGTACCTGAG




TAAGAAGCCCCGGCTAACTACGTGCC





SEQ_ID_NO_
R_U0001347
TGGGGGATATTGGACAATGGGGGGAACCCTGATCCAG


179
6
CGACGCCGCGTGAGTGAAGAAGTATCTCGGTATGTAA




AGCTCTATCAGCAGGGAAGAAAGAAATGACGGTACCT




GAGTAAGAAGCCCCGGCTAACTACGTGCC





SEQ_ID_NO_
R_U0000001
TGGGGGATATTGGACAATGGGGGGAACCCTGATCCAG


180
2
CGACGCCGCGTGAGTGAAGAAGTATCTCGGTATGTAA




AGCTCTGTCAGCAGGGAAGAAAGAAATGACGGTACCT




GACCAAGAAGCCCCGGCTAACTACGTGCC





SEQ_ID_NO_
R_U0080806
TGGGGGATATTGGACAATGGGGGGAACCCTGATCCAG


181
5
CGACGCCGCGTGAGTGAAGAAGTATTTCGGTATGTAA




AGCTCTGTCAGCAGGGAAGAAAGAAATGACGGTACCT




GAAGAAGAAGCCCCGGCTAACTACGTGCC





SEQ_ID_NO_
R_U0081662
TGGGGGATATTGCACAATGGGGGGAACCCTGATGCAG


182
5
CGACGCCGCGTGGGTGAAGGAGTGCTTCGGCATGTAA




AGCCCTATCGGCAGGGAAGAAGAAGGACGGTACCTG




ACTAAGAAGCCCCGGCTAACTACGTGCC





SEQ_ID_NO_
R_U0016460
TGGGGGATATTGCACAATGGGGGGAACCCTGATGCAG


183
5
CGACGCCGCGTGGGTGAAGAAGCGCCCCGGCGCGTAA




AGCCCTATCGGCAGGGAAGAAGATGACGGTACCTGGC




TAAGAAGCCCCGGCTAACTACGTGCC





SEQ_ID_NO_
R_U0023209
GGGGATATTGCACAATGGGGGAACCCGTGATGCAGCG


184
6
ACGCCGCGTGGGTGAAGAAGCGCCCCGGCGCGTAAA




GCCCTATCGGCAGGGAAGAAGATGACGGTACCTGGCT




AAGAAGCCCCGGCTAACTACGTGCC





SEQ_ID_NO_
R_U0003150
TGGGGAATATTGCACAATGGGGGGAACCCTGATGCAG


185
2
CGACGCCGCGTGAGTGAAGAAGTATTTCGGTATGTAA




AGCTCTATCAGCAGGAACGAAGAAGACGGTACCTGAC




TAAGAAGCCCCGGCTAACTACGTGCC





SEQ_ID_NO_
R_U0113068
TGGGGAATATTGCACAATGGGGGAAACCCTGATGCAG


186
3
CGACGCCGCGTGAGTGAAGAAGTAATTCGTTACGTAA




AGCTCTATCAGCAGGAAAGAAAGAAGACGGTACCTG




ACTAAGAAGCCCCGGCTAACTACGTGCC





SEQ_ID_NO_
R_U0113935
TGGGGGATATTGCACAATGGGGGAAACCCTGATGCAG


187
5
CGACGCCGCGTGAGCGAAGAAGTATTTCGGTATGTAA




AGCTCTATCAGCGGGGAAGAGAATGACGGTACCCGAC




TAAGAAGCTCCGGCTAAATACGTGCC





SEQ_ID_NO_
R_U0085159
TGGGGGATATTGCACAATGGGGGAAACCCTGATGCAG


188
9
CGACGCCGCGTGAGTGAAGAAGTATTTCGGTATGTAA




AGCTCTATCAGCAGGGAAGAAGATGACAGTACCTGAA




TAAGAAGCCCCGGCTAACTACGTGCC





SEQ_ID_NO_
R_U0001004
TGGGGAATATTGCACAATGGGGGAAACCCTGATGCAG


189
7
CGACGCCGCGTGAGCGAGGAAGTATTTCGGTATGTAA




AGCTCTATCAGCAGGGAAGAAAATGACGGTACCTGAC




TAAGAAGCCCCGGCTAACTACGTGCC





SEQ_ID_NO_
R_U0016413
TGGGGAATATTGGGCAATGGGCGCAAGCCTGACCCAG


190
5
CAACGCCGCGTGAGCGATGAAGGTCTTCGGATTGTAA




AGCTCTGTCGCAGGGGACGAAGTATGACGGTACCCTG




TAAGAAAGCCCCGGCAAACTACGTGCC





SEQ_ID_NO_
R_U0003405
TGGGGAATATTGCACAATGGGGGAAACCCTGATGCAG


191
0
CGACGCCGCGTGAGCGAAGAAGTATCTCGGTATGTAA




AGCTCTATCAGCAGGGAAGAAGAATGACGGTACCTGA




GTAAGAAGCACCGGCTAAATACGTGCC





SEQ_ID_NO_
R_U0113967
TGGGGGATATTGCACAATGGGGGAAACCCTGATGCAG


192
0
CGACGCCGCGTGAGCGAAGAAGTATTTCGGTATGTAA




AGCTCTATCAGCAGGGAAGAAAATGACGGTACCTGAA




CAAGAAGCTCCGGCTAAATACGTGCC





SEQ_ID_NO_
R_U0003367
TGGGGAATATTGCACAATGGGGGGAACCCTGATGCAG


193
0
CAACGCCGCGTGAGTGAAGAAGTATTTCGGTATGTAA




AGCTCTATCAGCAGGGAAGAAAATGACGGTACCTGAC




TAAGAAGCACCGGCTAAATACGTGCC





SEQ_ID_NO_
R_U0003369
TGGGGGATATTGCACAATGGGGGGAACCCTGATGCAG


194
3
CGACGCCGCGTGAGTGAAGGAGTACTTCGGTATGTAA




AGCTCTATCAGCAGGGAAGAAGCAAGACGGTACCTGA




CCAAGAAGCCCCGGCTAACTACGTGCC





SEQ_ID_NO_
R_U0000258
TGGGGAATATTGCACAATGGGGGGAACCCTGATGCAG


195
3
CGACGCCGCGTGAGCGAAGAAGTATTTCGGTATGTAA




AGCTCTATCAGCAGGGAAGAAAATGACGGTACCTGAC




TAAGAAGCCCCGGCTAACTACGTGCC





SEQ_ID_NO_
R_U0004412
TGGGGAATATTGGGCAATGGAGGCAACTCTGACCCAG


196
9
CAACGCCGCGTGAGCGATGAAGGTCTTCGGATTGTAA




AGCTCTTTAAGTGGGGACGAAGAAAGTGACTGTACCC




ACAGAATAAGCCTCGGCTAACTACGTGCC





SEQ_ID_NO_
R_U0004265
TGGGGAATATTGGGCAATGGAGGAAACTCTGACCCAG


197
3
CAACGCCGCGTGAATGATGAAGGTCTTCGGATTGTAA




AGTTCTTTTCTAAGGGAAGAAGAAAGTGACGGTACCT




TAGGAATAAGCCTCGGCTAACTACGTGCC





SEQ_ID_NO_
R_U0085532
TGGGGAATATTGCACAATGGGGGGAACCCTGATGCAG


198
8
CAATGCCGCGTGGGTGAAGAAGTACCCCGGTATGTAA




AGCCCTATCAGCAGGGAAGAAAATGACGGTACCTGGC




TAAGAAGCCCCGGCTAACTACGTGCC





SEQ_ID_NO_
R_U0016419
TGGGGAATATTGCACAATGGGGGAAACCCTGATGCAG


199
6
CGACGCCGCGTGAGCGAAGAAGTATTTCGGTATGTAA




AGCTCTATCAGCAAGGAAGATAATGACGGTACTTGAC




TAAGAAGCTCCGGCTAAATACGTGCC





SEQ_ID_NO_
R_U0016425
TGGGGAATATTGCACAATGGGCGAAAGCCTGATGCAG


200
6
CAACGCCGCGTGAAGGAAGAAGGGTTTCGGCTCGTAA




ACTTCTATCAACAGGGACGAAGGAAGTGACGGTACCT




GAATAAGAAGCCCCGGCTAACTACGTGCC





SEQ_ID_NO_
R_U0000307
TGGGGAATATTGCACAATGGGGGAAACCCTGATGCAG


201
9
CAACGCCGCGTGAGTGAAGAAGTATTTCGGTATGTAA




AGCTCTATCAGCAGGGAAGAAAATGACGGTACCTGAC




TAAGAAGCTCCGGCTAAATACGTGCC





SEQ_ID_NO_
R_U0000240
TGGGGAATATTGCACAATGGGGGAAACCCTGATGCAG


202
4
CGACGCCGCGTGGAGGAAGAAGGCCCTCGGGTTGTAA




ACTCCTGTCTTTGGGGACGATAATGACGGTACCCAAG




GAGGAAGCCACGGCTAACTACGTGCC





SEQ_ID_NO_
R_U0080437
TGGGGAATATTGCACAATGGGGGAAACCCTGATGCAG


203
5
CGACGCCGCGTGGAGGAAGAAGGCCCTCGGGTTGTAA




ACTCCTGTCTTCGGGGACGATAATGACGGTACCCGAG




GAGGAAGCCACGGCTAACTACGTGCC





SEQ_ID_NO_
R_U0044387
TGGGGGATATTGCACAATGGGGGGAACCCTGATGCAG


204
2
CGACGCCGCGTGAGCGAAGAAGATCTTCGGATTGTAA




AGCTCTGTCTTAGGGGACGATGATGACGGTACCCTGA




GAGGAAGCCACGGCTAACTACGTGCC





SEQ_ID_NO_
R_U0000012
TGGGGGATATTGCGCAATGGGGGCAACCCTGACGCAG


205
8
CAACGCCGCGTGAAGGATGAAGGTTTTCGGATTGTAA




ACTTCTTTTCTTAAGGACGAAATTTGACGGTACTTAAG




GAATAAGCTCCGGCTAACTACGTGCC





SEQ_ID_NO_
R_U0000277
TGGGGAATATTGGGCAATGGGCGCAAGCCTGACCCAG


206
7
CAACGCCGCGTGAAGGAAGAAGGCTTTCGGGTTGTAA




ACTTCTTTTAAGAGGGACGAAGGAAGTGACGGTACCT




CTTGAATAAGCCACGGCTAACTACGTGCC





SEQ_ID_NO_
R_U0000116
TGAGGGATATTGGTCAATGGGGGAAACCCTGAACCAG


207
6
CAACGCCGCGTGAGGGAAGACGGTCTTCGGATTGTAA




ACCTTTGTCCTCTGTGAAGATAATGACGGTAGCAGAG




GAGGAAGCTCCGGCTAACTACGTGCC





SEQ_ID_NO_
R_U0000208
TGGGGGATATTGCACAATGGGGGAAACCCTGATGCAG


208
7
CAACGCCGCGTGAAGGAAGAAGGTCTTCGGATTGTAA




ACTTTTGTCCTTGGTGAAGATAATGACGGTAGCCAAG




GAGGAAGCTCCGGCTAACTACGTGCC





SEQ_ID_NO_
R_U0000809
TGGGGAATATTGGGCAATGGGCGCAAGCCTGACCCAG


209
8
CAACGCCGCGTGAAGGAAGAAGGCTTTCGGGTTGTAA




ACTTCTTTTGTCAGGGAAGAGCAGAAGACGGTACCTG




ACGAATAAGCCACGGCTAACTACGTGCC





SEQ_ID_NO_
R_U0000098
TGGGGGATATTGCACAATGGGGGAAACCCTGATGCAG


210
1
CGACGCCGCGTGTGGGAAGACGGTCCTCTGGATTGTA




AACCACTGTCCCCAGGGACGAAGATGACGGTACCTGG




GGAGGAAGCTCCGGCTAACTACGTGCC





SEQ_ID_NO_
R_U0043629
TGGGGAATATTGCACAATGGGGGGAACCCTGATGCAG


211
2
CGATGCCGCGTGGAGGAAGAAGGTTTTCGGATTGTAA




ACTCCTGTCGACAGGAAAGAAAAAGGACTGTACCTGT




CAAGAAAGCTCCGGCTAACTACGTGCC





SEQ_ID_NO_
R_U0000255
TGGGGAATATTGCACAATGGGGGGAACCCTGATGCAG


212
1
CGATGCCGCGTGGAGGAAGAAGGTTTTCGGATTGTAA




ACTCCTGTCTTAAAGGACGATAATGACGGTACTTTAG




GAGGAAGCTCCGGCTAACTACGTGCC





SEQ_ID_NO_
R_U0016429
TGGGGAATATTGCACAATGGAGGAAACTCTGATGCAG


213
7
CGATGCCGCGTGAGGGAAGAAGGTTTTCGGATTGTAA




ACCTCTGTCTTAAGGGACGATAATGACGGTACCTTAG




GAGGAAGCTCCGGCTAACTACGTGCC





SEQ_ID_NO_
R_U0080693
TGGGGGATATTGCACAATGGAGGGAACTCTGATGCAG


214
7
CGATGCCGCGTGAGGGAAGAAGGTTTTCGGATTGTAA




ACCTCTGTGGACAGAGACGATAATGACGGTATCTGTC




AAGGAAGCCACGGCTAACTACGTGCC





SEQ_ID_NO_
R_U0000272
TGGGGGATATTGCACAATGGGGGAAACCCTGATGCAG


215
3
CGATGCCGCGTGAGGGAAGAAGGTTTTCGGATTGTAA




ACCTCTGTGGAGGGGGACGATAATGACGGTACCCCTT




AAGGAAGCCACGGCTAACTACGTGCC





SEQ_ID_NO_
R_U0000487
TGGGGGATATTGGACAATGGGGGAAACCCTTATCCAG


216
8
CGACGCCGCGTGAGGGAAGAAGGTTTTCGGATTGTAA




ACCTCTGTCAGCGGGGACGATAATGACGGTACCCGCG




GAGGAAGCCACGGCTAACTACGTGCC





SEQ_ID_NO_
R_U0114298
TGGGGAATATTGGGCAATGGGCGAAAGCCTGACCCAG


217
2
CGACGCCGCGTGAAGGAAGACGGTCTTCGGATTGTAA




ACTTTAGTACTCAGGGACGAAGAAATGACGGTACCTG




AGGTTAAGCCACGGCTAACTACGTGCC





SEQ_ID_NO_
R_U0080688
TGGGGGATATTGCGCAATGGGGGAAACCCTGACGCAG


218
4
CAACGCCGCGTGAAGGAAGAAGGTTTTCGGATTGTAA




ACTTCTTTTATTAAGGACGAAAGATGACGGTACTTAAT




GAATAAGCTCCGGCTAACTACGTGCC





SEQ_ID_NO_
R_U0081053
TGGGGAATATTGGGCAATGGACGCAAGTCTGACCCAG


219
1
CAACGCCGCGTGAAGGAAGAAGGCTTTCGGGTTGTAA




ACTTCTTTTGTCAGGGAAGAGAAGAAGACGGTACCTG




ACGAACAAGCCACGGCTAACTACGTGCC





SEQ_ID_NO_
R_U0000014
TGGGGAATATTGGGCAATGGGCGCAAGCCTGACCCAG


220
9
CAACGCCGCGTGAAGGAAGAAGGCTTTCGGGTTGTAA




ACTTCTTTTGACAGGGAAGAGCAGAAGACGGTACCTG




TCGAATAAGCCACGGCTAACTACGTGCC





SEQ_ID_NO_
R_U0000450
TGGGGGATATTGCGCAATGGGGGCAACCCTGACGCAG


221
1
CAACGCCGCGTGAAGGATGAAGGTTTTCGGATTGTAA




ACTTCTTTTATTAAGGACGAATTTTGACGGTACTTAAT




GAATAAGCTCCGGCTAACTACGTGCC





SEQ_ID_NO_
R_U0013288
TGGGGAATATTGGGCAATGGGCGCAAGCCTGACCCAG


222
2
CAACGCCGCGTGAAGGAAGAAGGCTTTCGGGTTGTAA




ACTTCTTTTAAGAGGGAAGAGCAGAAGACGGTACCTC




TTGAATAAGCTCCGGCTAACTACGTGCC





SEQ_ID_NO_
R_U0080038
TGGGGAATATTGGGCAATGGGGGAAACCCTGACCCAG


223
7
CAACGCCGCGTGAGGGAAGAAGGCTTTCGGGTTGTAA




ACCTCTTTTACCAGGGACGAAGGACGTGACGGTACCT




GGAGAAAAAGCAACGGCTAACTACGTGCC





SEQ_ID_NO_
R_U0000090
TGGGGAATATTGGGCAATGGGGGAAACCCTGACCCAG


224
8
CAACGCCGCGTGAAGGAAGAAGGCCTTCGGGTTGTAA




ACTTCTTTTACCAGGGACGAAGGACGTGACGGTACCT




GGAGAAAAAGCAACGGCTAACTACGTGCC





SEQ_ID_NO_
R_U0020438
TGGGGAATATTGGGCAATGGGCGAAAGCCTGACCCAG


225
6
CAACGCCGCGTGAAGGAAGAAGGCCTTCGGGTTGTAA




ACTTCTTTTAAGAGGGACGAAGAAAGTGACGGTACCT




CTTGAATAAGCCACGGCTAACTACGTGCC





SEQ_ID_NO_
R_U0079945
TGGGGAATATTGGGCAATGGGCGCAAGCCTGACCCAG


226
3
CAACGCCGCGTGAAGGAAGAAGGCTTTCGGGTTGTAA




ACTTCTTTTGAGAGGGACGAAACAAATGACGGTACCT




CTTGAATAAGCCACGGCTAACTACGTGCC





SEQ_ID_NO_
R_U0080607
TGGGGAATATTGGGCAATGGGCGGAAGCCTGACCCAG


227
1
CAACGCCGCGTGAAGGAAGAAGGCTTTCGGGTTGTAA




ACTTCTTTTCTTGGGGACGAAGAAAGTGACGGTACCC




AAGGAATAAGCCACGGCTAACTACGTGCC





SEQ_ID_NO_
R_U0113290
TGGGGAATATTGGGCAATGGGCGCAAGCCTGACCCAG


228
7
CAACGCCGCGTGAAGGAAGAAGGCTTTCGGGTTGTAA




ACTTCTTTTGAGGGGGACGAAGGATGTGACGGTACCC




CTTGAATAAGCCACGGCTAACTACGTGCC





SEQ_ID_NO_
R_U0046333
TGGGGAATATTGGGCAATGGGCGCAAGCCTGACCCAG


229
7
CAACGCCGCGTGAAGGAAGAAGGCTTTCGGGTTGTAA




ACTTCTTTTCTTGGGGACGAAGAAAGTGACGGTACCC




GAGGAATAAGCCACGGCTAACTACGTGCC





SEQ_ID_NO_
R_U0081299
TGGGGAATATTGCACAATGGGGGAAACCCTGATGCAG


230
4
CGACGCCGCGTGGGTGAAGAAGTATTTCGGTATGTAA




AGCCCTATCAGCAGGGAAGATCATGACGGTACCTGAC




TAAGAAGCCCCGGCTAACTACGTGCC





SEQ_ID_NO_
R_U0001001
TGGGGAATATTGGGCAATGGGCGCAAGCCTGACCCAG


231
8
CAACGCCGCGTGAAGGAAGAAGGCTTTCGGGTTGTAA




ACTTCTTTTCTGAGGGACGAAGCAAGTGACGGTACCT




TAGGAATAAGCCACGGCTAACTACGTGCC





SEQ_ID_NO_
R_U0016472
TGGGGAATATTGGGCAATGGGCGCAAGCCTGACCCAG


232
0
CAACGCCGCGTGAAGGAAGAAGGCTTTCGGGTTGTAA




ACTTCTTTTGACAGGGAAGAGGAGAAGACGGTACCTG




TCGAATAAGCTCCGGCTAACTACGTGCC





SEQ_ID_NO_
R_U0000441
TGGGGAATATTGGGCAATGGGCGCAAGCCTGACCCAG


233
8
CAACGCCGCGTGAAGGAAGAAGGCCCTCGGGTTGTAA




ACTTCTTTTATCAGGGACGAAGAAGTGACGGTACCTG




ATGAATAAGCCACGGCTAACTACGTGCC





SEQ_ID_NO_
R_U0020815
TGGGGAATATTGCGCAATGGGGGAAACCCTGACGCAG


234
3
CAACGCCGCGTGATTGAAGAAGGCCTTCGGGTTGTAA




AGATCTTTAATCGGGGACGAATTTTGACGGTACCCGA




AGAATAAGCTCCGGCTAACTACGTGCC





SEQ_ID_NO_
R_U0003087
TGGGGAATATTGCGCAATGGGGGAAACCCTGACGCAG


235
0
CAACGCCGCGTGATTGAAGAAGGCCCTCGGGTTGTAA




AGATCTTTAATCGGGGACGAAGAATGACGGTACCCGA




AGAATAAGCTCCGGCTAACTACGTGCC





SEQ_ID_NO_
R_U0083779
TGGGGAATATTGCGCAATGGGGGAAACCCTGACGCAG


236
7
CAACGCCGCGTGAGTGAAGAAGGCCTTCGGGTTGTAA




AGCTCTTTAATCAGGGACGAAGAACGACGGTACCTGA




AGAATAAGCTCCGGCTAACTACGTGCC





SEQ_ID_NO_
R_U0044980
TGGGGAATATTGGGCAATGGGCGAAAGCCTGACCCAG


237
4
CAACGCCGCGTGAAGGAAGAAGGTCTTCGGATTGTAA




ACTTCTTTTATCAGGGACGAAGGAAGTGACGGTACCT




GATGAATAAGCCACGGCTAACTACGTGCC





SEQ_ID_NO_
R_U0043633
TCGGGAATATTGCGCAATGGAGGCAACTCTGACGCAG


238
2
TGACGCCGCGTATAGGAAGAAGGTTTTCGGATTGTAA




ACTATTGTCCACAGGGAAGAAAAGGACTGTACCTGTG




AAGAAAGCTCCGGCTAACTACGTGCC





SEQ_ID_NO_
R_U0000343
TCGGGAATATTGCGCAATGGAGGAAACTCTGACGCAG


239
5
TGACGCCGCGTATAGGAAGAAGGTTTTCGGATTGTAA




ACTATTGTCCACAGGGAAGATAAAAGACTGTACCTGT




GAAGAAAGCTCCGGCTAACTACGTGCC





SEQ_ID_NO_
R_U0019867
TCGGGAATATTGCGCAATGGAGGAAACTCTGACGCAG


240
3
TGACGCCGCGTATAGGAAGAAGGTTTTCGGATTGTAA




ACTATTGTCGATAGGGAAGAAAAAAGACTGTACCTAT




CAAGAAAGCTCCGGCTAACTACGTGCC





SEQ_ID_NO_
R_U0000272
TCGGGAATATTGCGCAATGGAGGGAACTCTGACGCAG


241
0
TGACGCCGCGTATAGGAAGAAGGTTTTCGGATTGTAA




ACTATTTTAGTCAGGGAAGAAAGCAGACGGTACCTGA




AGAATAAGCTCCGGCTAACTACGTGCC





SEQ_ID_NO_
R_U0019570
TCGGGAATATTGCACAATGGAGGAAACTCTGATGCAG


242
7
TGACGCCGCGTGCAGGAAGAAGGTTTTCGGATTGTAA




ACTGCTTTAGACAGGGAAGAAAAAAGACAGTACCTGT




AGAATAAGCTCCGGCTAACTACGTGCC





SEQ_ID_NO_
R_U0000268
TCGGGAATATTGCGCAATGGAGGAAACTCTGACGCAG


243
6
TGACGCCGCGTATAGGAAGAAGTTTTTCGGAATGTAA




ACTATTGTCGTTAGGGAAGAGAAAGGACAGTACCTAA




GGAGGAAGCTCCGGCTAACTACGTGCC





SEQ_ID_NO_
R_U0000895
TCGGGAATATTGCGCAATGGAGGGAACTCTGACGCAG


244
9
TGACGCCGCGTATAGGAAGAAGGTTTTCGGATTGTAA




ACTATTGTCGTTAGGGAAGAAAAAAGACAGTACCTAA




GGAGGAAGCCCCGGCTAACTATGTGCC





SEQ_ID_NO_
R_U0003435
TCGGGAATATTGCGCAATGGAGGAAACTCTGACGCAG


245
1
TGACGCCGCGTATAGGAAGAAGGTCTTCGGATTGTAA




ACTATTGTCGTTAGGGAAGAGAAAGGACAGTACCTAA




GGAGGAAGCTCCGGCTAACTACGTGCC





SEQ_ID_NO_
R_U0043700
TCGGGAATATTGCGCAATGGAGGAAACTCTGACGCAG


246
9
TGACGCCGCGTGCAGGAAGAAGGTTTTCGGATTGTAA




ACTGCTTTAGACAGGGAAGAAACAAATGACAGTACCT




GTAGAATAAGCTCCGGCTAACTACGTGCC





SEQ_ID_NO_
R_U0003248
TCGGGAATATTGCGCAATGGAGGAAACTCTGACGCAG


247
6
TGACGCCGCGTATAGGAAGAAGGTTTTCGGATTGTAA




ACTATTGTCGTGAGGGAAGAAATTGACAGTACCTCAG




GAGGAAGCTCCGGCTAACTATGTGCC





SEQ_ID_NO_
R_U0000099
TCGGGAATATTGCGCAATGGAGGAAACTCTGACGCAG


248
9
TGACGCCGCGTATAGGAAGAAGGTTTTCGGATTGTAA




ACTATTGTCGTTAGGGAAGAGAAAGGACAGTACCTAA




GGAGGAAGCTCCGGCTAACTACGTGCC





SEQ_ID_NO_
R_U0000220
TCGGGAATATTGCGCAATGGAGGAAACTCTGACGCAG


249
1
TGACGCCGCGTGCAGGAAGAAGGTTTTCGGATTGTAA




ACTGCTTTAGACAGGGAAGAAAGAAATGACGGTACCT




GTAGAATAAGCTCCGGCTAACTACGTGCC





SEQ_ID_NO_
R_U0000189
TCGGGAATATTGCGCAATGGAGGAAACTCTGACGCAG


250
1
TGACGCCGCGTATAGGAAGAAGGTTTTCGGATTGTAA




ACTATTGTCGTTAGGGAAGATAAAAGACTGTACCTAA




GGAGGAAGCCCCGGCTAACTATGTGCC





SEQ_ID_NO_
R_U0080366
TCGGGAATATTGCGCAATGGAGGAAACTCTGACGCAG


251
5
TGACGCCGCGTATAGGAAGAAGTTTTTCGGAATGTAA




ACTATTGTCATTAGGGAAGAGAAAGGACGGTACCTAA




GGAGGAAGCCCCGGCTAACTATGTGCC





SEQ_ID_NO_
R_U0002711
TCGGGAATATTGCGCAATGGAGGAAACTCTGACGCAG


252
1
TGACGCCGCGTATAGGAAGAAGGTTTTCGGATTGTAA




ACTATTGTCGTTAGGGAAGAAAAAAGACAGTACCTAA




GGAGGAAGCCCCGGCTAACTATGTGCC





SEQ_ID_NO_
R_U0045415
TTGGGAATATTGGACAATGGAGGAAACTCTGATCCAG


253
7
TGACGCCGCGTGAAGGAAGAAGGTCTTCGGATTGTAA




ACTTATTTTGTCAGGGAAGAATAAATGACTGTACCTG




AAGAAAAAGCACCGGCTAACTACGTGCC





SEQ_ID_NO_
R_U0008017
TGGGGAATATTGCGCAATGGGGGAAACCCTGACGCAG


254
4
CAACGCCGCGTGCAGGAAGAAGGTCTTCGGATTGTAA




ACTGTTGTCGCAGGGGAAGAAGACAGTGACGGTACCC




TGTGAGAAAGTCACGGCTAACTACGTGCC





SEQ_ID_NO_
R_U0080330
TGGGGAATATTGGGCAATGGGCGAAAGCCTGACCCAG


255
2
CAACGCCGCGTGGAGGAAGAAGGTTTTCGGATCGTAA




ACTCCTGTCCTAAGAGACGAGGAAGAGACGGTATCTT




AGGAGGAAGCCCCGGCTAACTACGTGCC





SEQ_ID_NO_
R_U0003220
TGGGGAATATTGGGCAATGGGCGAAAGCCTGACCCAG


256
8
CAACGCCGCGTGAGGGAAGAAGGTTTTCGGATTGTAA




ACCTCTGTCCTAAGTGACGAAGGAAGTGACGGTAGCT




TAGGAGGAAGCCCCGGCTAACTACGTGCC





SEQ_ID_NO_
R_U0000111
TGGGGAATATTGGGCAATGGGCGAAAGCCTTACCCAG


257
6
CAACGCCGCGTGAGGGAAGAAGGTTTTCGGATTGTAA




ACCTCTGTCCTGGGGGACGAAGGAAGTGACGGTACCC




CGGGAGGAAGCCCCGGCTAACTACGTGCC





SEQ_ID_NO_
R_U0080770
TGGGGAATATTGGGCAATGGGGGAAACCCTGACCCAG


258
4
CAACGCCGCGTGAAGGAAGAAGGTTTTCGGATCGTAA




ACTTCTATCCTTGGTGAAAATGATGATGGTAGCCAAG




AAGGAAGCCCCGGCTAACTACGTGCC





SEQ_ID_NO_
R_U0000027
TGGGGAATATTGGGCAATGGGCGAAAGCCTGACCCAG


259
2
CAACGCCGCGTGAGGGAAGAAGGGTTTCGGCTCGTAA




ACCTCTGTCCTATGGGACGAAGGAAGTGACGGTACCA




TAGGAGGAAGCCCCGGCTAACTACGTGCC





SEQ_ID_NO_
R_U0080527
TGGGGAATATTGCACAATGGGCGAAAGCCTGATGCAG


260
7
CAACGCCGCGTGAGCGAAGAAGGTCTTCGGATCGTAA




AGCTCTGTCCTTGGGGAAGATAATGACGGTACCCAAG




GAGGAAGCCCCGGCTAACTACGTGCC





SEQ_ID_NO_
R_U0113623
TGGGGAATATTGGGCAATGGAGGCAACTCTGACCCAG


261
8
CAACGCCGCGTGAATGAAGAAGGTCCTAGGATTGTAA




AGTTCTTTTATGATAGACGAATAAAATGACGGTATAT




CATGAATAAGCCACGGCTAACTACGTGCC





SEQ_ID_NO_
R_U0084863
TGGGGAATATTGGGCAATGGAGGCAACTCTGACCCAG


262
9
CAACGCCGCGTGAATGAAGAAGGCCTTCGGGTTGTAA




AGTTCTTTAATGGGGGACGAAGAAAGTGACGGTACCC




CAAGAATAAGCCACGGCTAACTACGTGCC





SEQ_ID_NO_
R_U0000424
TGGGGGATATTGCACAATGGGGGAAACCCTGATGCAG


263
9
CGACGCCGCGTGAGTGAAGAAGTATTTCGGTATGTAA




AGCTCTATCAGCAGGGAAGAAAATGACGGTACCTGAC




TAAGAAGCCCCGGCTAACTACGTGCC





SEQ_ID_NO_
R_U0001209
TTAGGAATATTCGTCAATGGGGGAAACCCTGAACGAG


264
6
CAATGCCGCGTGAGTGATGACGGTCTTTATGATTGTA




AAACTCTGTTGTAAGGAAAGAACCCTTATCATAGGAA




ATGATGATAAGTTGACGGTACCTTACCAGAAAGCCCC




GGCTAACTACGTGCC





SEQ_ID_NO_
R_U0115212
TAGGGAATTTTCGGCAATGGGGGGAACCCTGACCGAG


265
2
CAACGCCGCGTGAACGAAGAAGTTATTCGTAATGTAA




AGTTCTTTTATCAGGGAAGAAAAGAAGGGAATTGACG




GTACCTGATGAATAAGCTCCGGCTAACTACGTGCC





SEQ_ID_NO_
R_U0112319
TGGGGAATCTTCCGCAATGGGCGAAAGCCTGACGGAG


266
9
CGACGCCGCGTGAGTGAAGAAGGTCTTCGGACCGTAA




AGCTCTTTTGTTGCAGGCGAAAGGACTTAAGAGGAAA




TGCTTAAGTTAAGACGGTATGGAACGAATAAGCCACG




GCTAACTACGTGCC





SEQ_ID_NO_
R_U0000073
TAGGGAATCTTTCACAATGGGCGAAAGCCTGATGGAG


267
7
CAACGCCGCGTGCAGGATGAAGGCCTTCGGGTTGTAA




ACTGCTTTTATAAGCGAGAAATATGATGGTAACTTAT




GAATAAGGATCGGCTAACTACGTGCC





SEQ_ID_NO_
R_U0082204
TGGGGAATTTTGGACAATGGACGGAAGTCTGATCCAG


268
0
CAACGCAGCGTGAAGGACGAAGGTTCTCGGATTGTAA




ACTTCTTTTGCAGGGGAAGAAAAAAATGACGGTACCC




TGTGAATAAGCCACGGCTAACTACGTGCC









In the above detailed description, reference is made to the accompanying drawings, which form a part hereof. In the drawings, similar symbols typically identify similar components, unless context dictates otherwise. The illustrative embodiments described in the detailed description, drawings, and claims are not meant to be limiting. Other embodiments may be used, and other changes may be made, without departing from the spirit or scope of the subject matter presented herein. It will be readily understood that the aspects of the present disclosure, as generally described herein, and illustrated in the Figures, may be arranged, substituted, combined, separated, and designed in a wide variety of different configurations, all of which are explicitly contemplated herein.


The present disclosure is not to be limited in terms of the particular embodiments described in this application, which are intended as illustrations of various aspects. Many modifications and variations can be made without departing from its spirit and scope, as will be apparent to those skilled in the art. Functionally equivalent methods and apparatuses within the scope of the disclosure, in addition to those enumerated herein, will be apparent to those skilled in the art from the foregoing descriptions. Such modifications and variations are intended to fall within the scope of the appended claims. The present disclosure is to be limited only by the terms of the appended claims, along with the full scope of equivalents to which such claims are entitled. It is to be understood that this disclosure is not limited to particular methods, reagents, compounds, compositions or biological systems, which can, of course, vary. It is also to be understood that the terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only, and is not intended to be limiting.


With respect to the use of substantially any plural and/or singular terms herein, those having skill in the art can translate from the plural to the singular and/or from the singular to the plural as is appropriate to the context and/or application. The various singular/plural permutations may be expressly set forth herein for sake of clarity.


It will be understood by those within the art that, in general, terms used herein, and especially in the appended claims (e.g., bodies of the appended claims) are generally intended as “open” terms (e.g., the term “including” should be interpreted as “including but not limited to,” the term “having” should be interpreted as “having at least,” the term “includes” should be interpreted as “includes but is not limited to,” etc.). It will be further understood by those within the art that if a specific number of an introduced claim recitation is intended, such an intent will be explicitly recited in the claim, and in the absence of such recitation no such intent is present. For example, as an aid to understanding, the following appended claims may contain usage of the introductory phrases “at least one” and “one or more” to introduce claim recitations. However, the use of such phrases should not be construed to imply that the introduction of a claim recitation by the indefinite articles “a” or “an” limits any particular claim containing such introduced claim recitation to embodiments containing only one such recitation, even when the same claim includes the introductory phrases “one or more” or “at least one” and indefinite articles such as “a” or “an” (e.g., “a” and/or “an” should be interpreted to mean “at least one” or “one or more”); the same holds true for the use of definite articles used to introduce claim recitations. In addition, even if a specific number of an introduced claim recitation is explicitly recited, those skilled in the art will recognize that such recitation should be interpreted to mean at least the recited number (e.g., the bare recitation of “two recitations,” without other modifiers, means at least two recitations, or two or more recitations). Furthermore, in those instances where a convention analogous to “at least one of A, B, and C, etc.” is used, in general such a construction is intended in the sense one having skill in the art would understand the convention (e.g., “a system having at least one of A, B, and C” would include but not be limited to systems that have A alone, B alone, C alone, A and B together, A and C together, B and C together, and/or A, B, and C together, etc.). In those instances where a convention analogous to “at least one of A, B, or C, etc.” is used, in general such a construction is intended in the sense one having skill in the art would understand the convention (e.g., “a system having at least one of A, B, or C” would include but not be limited to systems that have A alone, B alone, C alone, A and B together, A and C together, B and C together, and/or A, B, and C together, etc.). It will be further understood by those within the art that virtually any disjunctive word and/or phrase presenting two or more alternative terms, whether in the description, claims, or drawings, should be understood to contemplate the possibilities of including one of the terms, either of the terms, or both terms. For example, the phrase “A or B” will be understood to include the possibilities of “A” or “B” or “A and B.”


In addition, where features or aspects of the disclosure are described in terms of Markush groups, those skilled in the art will recognize that the disclosure is also thereby described in terms of any individual member or subgroup of members of the Markush group.


As will be understood by one skilled in the art, for any and all purposes, such as in terms of providing a written description, all ranges disclosed herein also encompass any and all possible subranges and combinations of subranges thereof. Any listed range can be easily recognized as sufficiently describing and enabling the same range being broken down into at least equal halves, thirds, quarters, fifths, tenths, etc. As a non-limiting example, each range discussed herein can be readily broken down into a lower third, middle third and upper third, etc. As will also be understood by one skilled in the art all language such as “up to,” “at least,” and the like include the number recited and refer to ranges which can be subsequently broken down into subranges as discussed above. Finally, as will be understood by one skilled in the art, a range includes each individual member. Thus, for example, a group having 1-3 cells refers to groups having 1, 2, or 3 cells. Similarly, a group having 1-5 cells refers to groups having 1, 2, 3, 4, or 5 cells, and so forth.


From the foregoing, it will be appreciated that various embodiments of the present disclosure have been described herein for purposes of illustration, and that various modifications may be made without departing from the scope and spirit of the present disclosure. Accordingly, the various embodiments disclosed herein are not intended to be limiting, with the true scope and spirit being indicated by the following claims.

Claims
  • 1. A method for increasing a first gut microbiota population while simultaneously decreasing a second gut microbiota population in a subject having obesity, diabetes or insulin insensitivity to increase short-chain fatty acid level in the subject or reducing subject insulin sensitivity, comprising administering to the subject berberine at a dosage of from about 50 mg/Kg body weight to about 400 mg/Kg body weight, wherein the first gut microbiota population comprises, Allobaculum, Bacteroides, Blautia, Butyricicoccus, Dorea, Holdemania, Lawsonia, Parabacteroides, Phascolarctobacterium, Sedimentibacter, or a combination thereof; wherein the second gut microbiota population comprises Anaeroplasma, Bifidobacterium, Butyrivibrio, Coprococcus, Fastidiosipila, Marvinbryantia, Oribacterium, Roseburia, Ruminococcus, TM7_genera_incertae_sedis, or a combination thereof.
  • 2. The method of claim 1, wherein the first gut microbiota population comprises a bacterium whose V3 region of 16S rRNA gene sequence has at least about 95% similarity with a nucleic acid sequence selected from a group consisting of SEQ ID NO: 1-93.
  • 3. The method of claim 1, wherein the second gut microbiota population comprises a bacterium whose V3 region of 16S rRNA gene sequence has at least about 95% similarity with a nucleic acid sequence selected from a group consisting of SEQ ID NO: 94-268.
Priority Claims (1)
Number Date Country Kind
2012 1 0185004 Jun 2012 CN national
PCT Information
Filing Document Filing Date Country Kind
PCT/CN2013/076709 6/4/2013 WO 00
Publishing Document Publishing Date Country Kind
WO2013/182038 12/12/2013 WO A
Foreign Referenced Citations (1)
Number Date Country
101291597 Oct 2008 CN
Non-Patent Literature Citations (11)
Entry
Cayman Chemical “Berberine” cayman catalog (url: https://www.caymanchem.com/product/10006427), May 27, 2005, 6 pages.
Tang J, et al “Berberine and Coptidis Rhizoma as novel antineoplastic agents: A review of traditional use and biomedical investigations” Journal of Ethnopharmacology,2009,126,p. 5-17. doi:10.1016/j.jep.2009.08.009.
IDS document 1 OA1 of PI 2014703639.
IDS document 2 English translation of OA1 of MXa2014014789.
IDS document 3 OA1 of MXa2014014789.
IDS document 4 OA2 of MXa2014014789.
IDS document 5 English translation of OA2.of MXa2014014789.
IDS document 6 OA5 of CN2012101850042.
IDS document 7 English translation of OA5 of CN2012101850042.
IDS document 8 rejection of CN2012101850042.
IDS document 9 English translation of rejection of CN2012101850042.
Related Publications (1)
Number Date Country
20150119415 A1 Apr 2015 US