Patent Grant
11290182
At least some example embodiments relate generally to electronic vaping (e-vaping) devices.
An electronic vaping (e-vaping) device may include a cartridge portion and a power supply (or battery) portion. In this case, the cartridge portion attaches to the power supply portion to enable vaping by an adult vaper.
At least one example embodiment provides an electronic vaping device comprising: a memory; a light emitting device configured to optically transmit information associated with the electronic vaping device to an external device; and processing circuitry coupled to the memory and the light emitting device. The processing circuitry is configured to: collect the information associated with the electronic vaping device; store the information in the memory; detect a triggering event; and initiate optical transmission of the information by the light emitting device in response to detecting the triggering event.
According to at least some example embodiments, the light emitting device may be a light emitting diode.
The processing circuitry may be further configured to encode the information as one or more light patterns, and the light emitting device may be configured to optically transmit the information by emitting the one or more light patterns.
The processing circuitry may be further configured to encode the information as the one or more light patterns by selecting at least one color of light from among a plurality of colors of light, and selecting at least one pattern of emission of the at least one color of light.
The processing circuitry may be further configured to encode the information by assigning one or more codes to the information, and the light emitting device may be configured to optically transmit the information by transmitting light signals representing the one or more codes.
The processing circuitry may be further configured to encode the information into a binary code, and the light emitting device may be configured to optically transmit the information by transmitting light signals representing the binary code.
The triggering event may be placement of the electronic vaping device into the external device, contacting the electronic vaping device with the external device, or establishing visual communication between the light emitting device and an optical sensor in the external device.
The electronic vaping device may further include an interface configured to generate a resistance when the interface contacts a corresponding interface of the external device, and to send the resistance to the processing circuitry as the triggering event.
The external device may be a personal charging case configured to charge the electronic vaping device.
The information may include at least one of: a number of applications of negative pressure to the electronic vaping device, a charge status of a battery of the electronic vaping device, an identification of the electronic vaping device, or a status of remaining pre-vapor formulation in a cartridge of the electronic vaping device.
The information may include vapor topography data.
The memory may store computer-readable instructions, and the processing circuitry may be a processor. The processor may be configured to execute the computer-readable instructions to: collect the information associated with the electronic vaping device, store the information in the memory, detect the triggering event, and initiate the optical transmission of the information by the light emitting device in response to detecting the triggering event.
The electronic vaping device may further include: a power supply configured to supply power to the electronic vaping device; a reservoir configured to hold a pre-vapor formulation; a heating element configured to heat pre-vapor formulation drawn from the reservoir; and a sensor coupled to the processing circuitry. The sensor may be configured to detect a pressure drop across the sensor, and to activate the electronic vaping device in response to the pressure drop.
At least one other example embodiment provides an apparatus comprising: a first slot configured to receive a first electronic vaping device; an optical sensor arranged in the first slot, the optical sensor configured to receive light signals from the first electronic vaping device, the light signals indicative of information associated with the first electronic vaping device; and processing circuitry. The processing circuitry is configured to: process the light signals to obtain the information associated with the first electronic vaping device, and generate an output based on the information associated with the first electronic vaping device.
The light signals may include a light pattern representing the information associated with the first electronic vaping device.
The apparatus may further include a memory storing a plurality of light patterns. The processing circuitry may be configured to decode the light pattern by comparing the light pattern to the plurality of light patterns stored in the memory.
Each of the plurality of light patterns may be a combination of one of a plurality of light colors emitted at one of a plurality of frequencies.
Each combination of one of the plurality of light colors and one of the plurality of frequencies may correspond to one type of information associated with the first electronic vaping device.
The light signals may represent a binary code; and the processing circuitry may be further configured to decode the binary code to obtain the information.
The processing circuitry may be further configured to decode the light signals to obtain the information associated with the first electronic vaping device.
The apparatus may further include a memory storing a codebook and coupled to the processing circuitry. The processing circuitry may be further configured to decode the light signals according to the codebook.
The output may indicate a status of the first electronic vaping device.
The apparatus may further include a memory coupled to the processing circuitry. The processing circuitry may be configured to store the information in the memory.
The processing circuitry may be further configured to initiate operation of the optical sensor in response to a triggering event.
The triggering event may be placement of the first electronic vaping device within the first slot.
The triggering event may be contacting the first electronic vaping device with the apparatus.
The triggering event may be expiration of a timer or establishing visual communication between the optical sensor and a light emitting device of the first electronic vaping device.
The information may include vapor topography data.
The information may include at least one of: a number of applications of negative pressure to the first electronic vaping device, a charge status of a battery of the first electronic vaping device, an identification of the first electronic vaping device, or a status of remaining pre-vapor formulation in a cartridge of the first electronic vaping device.
The apparatus may further include: a body including the first slot; and a cover element having at least one hollow section corresponding to at least the first slot, the at least one hollow section configured to receive a portion of the first electronic vaping device that extends out of the first slot when inserted therein, the cover element being configured to be opened and closed, the cover element covering the body when closed.
The apparatus may further include: a second slot configured to receive a second electronic vaping device; and a divider configured to separate the first slot from the second slot, the optical sensor and the processing circuitry positioned on the divider.
The apparatus may further include a display coupled to the processing circuitry, the processing circuitry further configured to drive the display to display the information.
The apparatus may further include an audio output coupled to the processing circuitry. The processing circuitry may be further configured to drive the audio output to output audio signals indicative of the information.
The apparatus may further include: a first battery; and a charger input to connect the apparatus to an external power source. The processing circuitry may be further configured to enable a charging of a battery of the first electronic vaping device via at least one of the first battery or the external power source.
Example embodiments will become more apparent by describing the example embodiments in detail with reference to the attached drawings. The accompanying drawings are intended to depict example embodiments and should not be interpreted to limit the intended scope of the claims. The accompanying drawings are not to be considered as drawn to scale unless explicitly noted.
Some detailed example embodiments are disclosed herein. However, specific structural and functional details disclosed herein are merely representative for purposes of describing example embodiments. Example embodiments may be embodied in many alternate forms and should not be construed as limited to only the embodiments set forth herein.
In addition to the features discussed herein, the e-vaping device 10 may include features set forth in U.S. Patent Application Publication No. 2013/0192623, filed Jan. 31, 2013 and/or features set forth in U.S. patent application Ser. No. 15/135,930, filed Apr. 22, 2016, the entire contents of each of which are incorporated herein by reference. According to one or more example embodiments, the e-vaping device 10 may also include features set forth in U.S. patent application Ser. No. 15/135,923 filed Apr. 22, 2016, and/or U.S. Pat. No. 9,289,014 issued Mar. 22, 2016, the entire contents of each of which are incorporated herein by reference. Although discussed herein with regard to e-vaping devices including a vaporizer assembly, example embodiments may also be applicable to other devices, such as, but without limitation, e-vaping devices including a dispersion generator configured to convert a pre-dispersion formulation into a dispersion, or other electronic devices.
Referring to
In at least some example embodiments, the connector 25 may be a connector as described in U.S. application Ser. No. 15/154,439, filed May 13, 2016, the entire contents of which are incorporated herein by reference.
The first section 15 may include a first housing 30 and the second section 20 may include a second housing 30′. The e-vaping device 10 further include an outlet-end insert 35 at a first end 45 thereof. The first end 45 of the e-vaping device 10 may be referred to herein as an “outlet end” of the e-vaping device 10.
In the example embodiments shown in
As described further below with regard to
The e-vaping device 10 further include an end cap 40 at a second end 50 of the e-vaping device 10. The second end 50 may be referred to herein as a “tip end” of the e-vaping device 10. Although not shown, the e-vaping device 10 may include a light at the second end 50 of the e-vaping device 10.
The e-vaping device 10 may further include a light emitting diode (LED) 170 and an interface 195 at the second end 50 of the e-vaping device 10. In this example, the LED 170 is arranged at or on the outer shell of the second housing 30′, such that the LED 170 is configured to emit light signals external to the e-vaping device 10. The interface 195 may include electrical contact pins exposed and/or extending through the end cap 40. In at least one other example embodiment, the interface 195 may include inductive charging circuitry, in addition, or as an alternative to, the electrical contact pins. The LED 170 and the interface 195 will be discussed in more detail later.
As shown in
The vaporizer 80 includes a heating element 85 and a wick 90 to draw the pre-vapor formulation from the reservoir 95. The heating element 85 may be referred to interchangeably herein as a “heater.”
According to one or more example embodiments, the pre-vapor formulation is a material or combination of materials that may be transformed into a vapor (“generated vapor”). For example, the pre-vapor formulation may be a liquid, solid and/or gel formulation including, but not limited to, water, beads, solvents, active ingredients, ethanol, plant extracts, natural or artificial flavors, and/or vapor formers such as glycerin and propylene glycol.
Still referring to
The e-vaping device 10 further includes a first connector piece 155. In at least this example embodiment, the first connector piece 155 includes a male threaded section for connecting the first section 15 and the second section 20. However, example embodiments should not be limited to this example.
At an upstream end portion of the inner tube 70, a nose portion 245 of a gasket (or seal) 240 is fitted into the inner tube 70, and an outer perimeter of the gasket 240 provides a seal with an interior surface of the first housing 30. The gasket 240 has a central, longitudinal air passage 235 in fluid communication with the inner tube 70 to define an inner passage (also referred to as a central channel or central inner passage) 120. A transverse channel 1230 at a backside portion of the gasket 240 intersects and communicates with the air passage 235 of the gasket 240. This transverse channel 1230 ensures communication between the air passage 235 and a space 1250 defined between the gasket 240 and the first connector piece 155.
The one or more air inlets 55 are arranged on the first housing 30 in relatively close proximity to the connector 25 (e.g., adjacent the connector 25). In another example, the air inlets 55 may be provided on the connector 25 instead of the first housing 30. The air inlets 55 may be sized and configured such that the e-vaping device 10 has a resistance-to-draw (RTD) in the range of from about 60 mm H2O to about 150 mm H2O.
A nose portion 1100 of a gasket 65 is fitted into a first end portion 105 of the inner tube 70. An outer perimeter of the gasket 65 provides a substantially tight seal with an interior surface 1125 of the first housing 30. The gasket 65 includes a central channel 115 disposed between the inner passage 120 of the inner tube 70 and the interior of the outlet-end insert 35, to transport the vapor from the inner passage 120 to the outlet-end insert 35.
According to at least some example embodiments, the outlet-end insert 35 may include one outlet 100 that may coincide with the longitudinal axis of the e-vaping device 10 and/or one, two, or more outlets 100 located off-axis from the longitudinal axis of the e-vaping device 10. One or more outlets 100 may be angled outwardly in relation to the longitudinal axis of the e-vaping device 10. One or more outlets 100 may be substantially uniformly (e.g., uniformly within manufacturing tolerances and/or material tolerances) distributed about the perimeter of the outlet-end insert 35 so as to substantially uniformly distribute vapor.
The space defined between the gasket 65, the gasket 240, the first housing 30 and the inner tube 70 establishes the confines of the reservoir 95. The reservoir 95 may contain a pre-vapor formulation, and optionally a storage medium (not shown) configured to store the pre-vapor formulation therein. The storage medium may include a winding of cotton gauze or other fibrous material about the inner tube 70.
The reservoir 95 at least partially surrounds the inner passage 120. The reservoir 95 may be sized and configured to hold enough pre-vapor formulation such that the e-vaping device 10 may be configured for vaping for a threshold (e.g., certain or desired) amount of time, such as, for example, at least about 200 seconds. Moreover, the e-vaping device 10 may be configured to allow each application of negative pressure (or draw of vapor through an outlet) to last a certain maximum of time, such as for example, about 5 seconds.
In at least some example embodiments, the storage medium may be a fibrous material including at least one of cotton, polyethylene, polyester, rayon and combinations thereof. The fibers may have a diameter ranging in size from about 6 microns to about 15 microns (e.g., about 8 microns to about 12 microns or about 9 microns to about 11 microns), but other sizes may be used. In at least some example embodiments, the storage medium may be a sintered, porous or foamed material, or combinations thereof. Also, the fibers may be sized to be irrespirable and may have a cross-section that has a Y-shape, cross shape, clover shape or any other suitable shape. In at least some example embodiments, the reservoir 95 may include a filled tank lacking any storage medium and containing only pre-vapor formulation.
The heating element 85 extends transversely across the inner passage 120 between opposing portions of the reservoir 95. In at least some other example embodiments, however, the heating element 85 may extend parallel to a longitudinal axis of the inner passage 120.
During generation of vapor (“an instance of vapor generation”), pre-vapor formulation is transferred from the reservoir 95 and/or storage medium to proximity of the heating element 85 via capillary action of the wick 90. The wick 90 includes at least a first end portion and a second end portion, which extend into opposite sides of the reservoir 95. The heating element 85 at least partially surrounds a central portion of the wick 90 such that when the heating element 85 is activated, the pre-vapor formulation in the central portion of the wick 90 is vaporized by the heating element 85 to form a vapor.
According to at least some example embodiments, the wick 90 may include filaments (or threads) having a capacity to draw the pre-vapor formulation. For example, the wick 90 may be a bundle of glass (or ceramic) filaments, a bundle including a group of windings of glass filaments, or the like, all of which arrangements may be capable of drawing pre-vapor formulation via capillary action by interstitial spacings between the filaments. The filaments may be generally aligned in a direction perpendicular (transverse) to the longitudinal direction of the e-vaping device 10. In at least some example embodiments, the wick 90 may include one to eight (or more) filament strands, each strand comprising a plurality of glass filaments twisted together. The end portions of the wick 90 may be flexible and foldable into the confines of the reservoir 95. The filaments may have a cross-section that is generally cross-shaped, clover-shaped, Y-shaped, or in any other suitable shape.
According to at least some example embodiments, the wick 90 may include any suitable material or combination of materials. Examples of suitable materials may be, but not limited to, glass, ceramic- or graphite-based materials. The wick 90 may have any suitable capillary drawing action to accommodate pre-vapor formulations having different physical properties such as density, viscosity, surface tension and vapor pressure. The wick 90 may be non-conductive.
According to at least some example embodiments, the heating element 85 may include a wire coil (“heater coil”), which at least partially surrounds the wick 90. The wire may be a metal wire and/or the heater coil may extend fully or partially along the length of the wick 90. The heater coil may further extend fully or partially around the circumference of the wick 90. In at least some example embodiments, the heating element 85 may or may not be in contact with the wick 90.
The heating element 85 may heat pre-vapor formulation in the wick 90 by thermal conduction. In at least some example embodiments, heat from the heating element 85 may be conducted to the pre-vapor formulation by a heat conductive element or the heating element 85 may transfer heat to the incoming ambient air that is drawn through the e-vaping device 10 during vaping, which in turn heats the pre-vapor formulation by convection.
It should be appreciated that, instead of using a wick 90, the heating element 85 may include a porous material that incorporates a resistance heater formed of a material having a relatively high electrical resistance capable of generating heat relatively quickly.
Although discussed with regard to the heating element 85 being in the form of a wire coil, the heating element 85 may alternatively be in the form of a planar body, a ceramic body, a single wire, a cage of resistive wire or any other suitable form. In this regard, the heating element 85 may be any heater that is configured to vaporize a pre-vapor formulation.
Although discussed herein with regard to a wick and a heater, example embodiments should not be limited to this example. Rather, example embodiments may include a capillary tube or passage through which the pre-vapor formulation is transferred from the reservoir 95 and/or storage medium, and heated. In at least this example embodiment, at least a portion of the capillary tube or passage may heat the pre-vapor formulation to generate a vapor, and output the generated vapor.
The heater and/or heater coil may be formed of and/or may at least partially comprise any suitable electrically resistive materials. Examples of suitable electrically resistive materials may include, but are not limited to, copper, titanium, zirconium, tantalum and metals from the platinum group. Examples of suitable metal alloys include, but are not limited to, stainless steel, nickel, cobalt, chromium, aluminum-titanium-zirconium, hafnium, niobium, molybdenum, tantalum, tungsten, tin, gallium, manganese and iron-containing alloys, and super-alloys based on nickel, iron, cobalt, stainless steel. For example, the heating element 85 may be formed of nickel aluminide, a material with a layer of alumina on the surface, iron aluminide and other composite materials, the electrically resistive material may optionally be embedded in, encapsulated or coated with an insulating material or vice-versa, depending on the kinetics of energy transfer and the external physicochemical properties required. The heating element 85 may include at least one material selected from the group consisting of or including stainless steel, copper, copper alloys, nickel-chromium alloys, super alloys and combinations thereof. In at least some example embodiments, the heating element 85 may be formed of nickel-chromium alloys or iron-chromium alloys. In at least some example embodiments, the heating element 85 may be a ceramic heater having an electrically resistive layer on an outside surface thereof.
Still referring to
The first electrical lead 125 is physically and electrically connected to the male threaded connector piece 155. As shown, the male threaded first connector piece 155 is a hollow cylinder with male threads on a portion of the outer lateral surface. The first connector piece 155 is conductive, and may be formed or coated with a conductive material.
The second electrical lead 125′ is physically and electrically connected to a first conductive post 130. The first conductive post 130 may be formed of a conductive material (e.g., stainless steel, copper, or the like), and may have a T-shaped cross-section. The first conductive post 130 nests within the hollow portion of the first connector piece 155, and may be electrically insulated from the first connector piece 155 by an insulating shell 135. In the example embodiment shown in
The second section 20 includes a female threaded second connector piece 160 at an end opposite to the second (or tip) end 50 of the e-vaping device 10 (sometimes referred to herein as a connector end of the second section 20). The second connector piece 160 has a hollow cylinder shape with threading on an inner lateral surface. The inner diameter of the second connector piece 160 matches that of the outer diameter of the first connector piece 155 such that the two connector pieces 155, 160 may be threaded together to connect the first section 15 with the second section 20. Furthermore, the second connector piece 160, or at least the lateral surface may be conductive, for example, formed of or including a conductive material. As such, an electrical and physical connection may occur between the first and second connector pieces 155, 160 when connected.
While example embodiments are discussed herein with regard to male threaded connector piece 155 and female threaded connector piece 160, example embodiments are not limited thereto. For example, the male threaded connector piece 155 may be associated with the second section 20 and the female threaded connector piece 160 may be associated with the first section 15.
As shown in
A first lead 165 electrically connects the second connector piece 160 to the controller 185. A second lead 171 electrically connects the controller 185 to a first terminal 180 of the power supply 145. A third lead 175 electrically connects a second terminal 140 of the power supply 145 to the power terminal of the controller 185 to provide power to the controller 185. A fourth lead 172 electrically connects the controller 185 to the LED 170, and a fifth lead (173 in
The second terminal 140 of the power supply 145 is also physically and electrically connected to a second conductive post 150. The second conductive post 150 may be formed of a conductive material (e.g., stainless steel, copper, or the like). In the example embodiment shown in
According to at least some example embodiments, the power supply 145 may be, or include, a battery. The battery may be a Lithium-ion battery or variant thereof, for example a Lithium-ion polymer battery. In at least some other example embodiments, the power supply 145 may be a nickel-metal hydride battery, a nickel cadmium battery, a lithium-manganese battery, a lithium-cobalt battery or a fuel cell. The e-vaping device 10 may be controlled to generate vapor, based on adult vaper interaction with the e-vaping device 10, until the energy in the power supply 145 is depleted or a minimum voltage cut-off level is achieved. The power supply 145 may be rechargeable. For example purposes, the power supply 145 will be discussed as a rechargeable battery.
Still referring to
The sensor 190 is configured to generate an output indicative of a magnitude and/or direction of airflow through the e-vaping device 10. For example, and without limitation, the controller 185 may receive an output of the sensor 190, and determines if (1) the direction of the airflow indicates application of negative pressure on the outlet-end insert 35 and (2) the magnitude of the application of negative pressure (e.g., a magnitude of the flow rate of the airflow) exceeds a threshold level. When these or other vaping conditions are met, then the controller 185 may be understood to have received, from the sensor 190, sensor data that amounts to a vapor generation command. The sensor 190 may be a sensor as disclosed in U.S. application Ser. No. 14/793,453, filed on Jul. 7, 2015, or a sensor as disclosed in U.S. Pat. No. 9,072,321, issued on Jul. 7, 2015, the entire contents of each of which is incorporated herein by reference.
The e-vaping device 10 may include an interface with which an adult vaper may interact to cause a vapor generation command to be transmitted to the controller 185. Based on a determination that a vapor generation command is received at the controller 185, the controller 185 may electrically connect the power supply 145 to the heating element 85, thereby supplying power to, and activating, the heating element 85. In more detail, for example, the controller 185 may electrically connect the first and second leads 165, 171 (e.g., by activating a heater power control transistor forming part of the controller 185) such that the heating element 85 electrically connects to the power supply 145. In at least some example embodiments, the sensor 190 may indicate a pressure drop, and the controller 185 may activate the heating element 85 in response the indicated pressure drop.
Example operation of an example e-vaping device to create a vapor (“vapor generation”) will now be described. According to at least one example embodiment, air is drawn primarily into the first section 15 through the at least one air inlet 55 in response, for example, to application of negative pressure to the outlet-end insert 35 by an adult vaper. Air passes through the air inlet 55, into the space 1250, through the transverse channel 1230 into the air passage 235, into the inner passage 120, and through the outlet(s) 100 of the outlet-end insert 35. If the controller 185 detects the vaping conditions discussed above (e.g., based on determining that a magnitude of airflow, as indicated by signals (“sensor data”) generated by sensor 190, at least meets a threshold level), then the controller 185 initiates power supply to the heating element 85, such that the heating element 85 heats pre-vapor formulation in the wick 90. The vapor and air flowing through the inner passage 120 combine and exit the e-vaping device 10 via the outlet(s) 100 of the outlet-end insert 35.
In at least some example embodiments, when activated, the heating element 85 may heat a portion of the wick 90 for less than a threshold or certain amount of time, for example, for less than about 10 seconds.
In at least some example embodiments, the first section 15 may be a replaceable cartridge. Once the pre-vapor formulation in the reservoir 95 is depleted, the first section 15 may be replaced and the replacement may be used with the second section 20, which may be reusable. In at least some other example embodiments, the entire e-vaping device 10 may be disposed once the reservoir 95 is depleted. In this case, the e-vaping device 10 may be a one-piece e-vaping device.
In at least some example embodiments, the e-vaping device 10 may be about 80 mm to about 110 mm long and about 7 mm to about 8 mm in diameter. For example, in at least some example embodiments, the e-vaping device 10 may be about 84 mm long and may have a diameter of about 7.8 mm. Other dimensions may also be used.
Still referring to
According to one or more example embodiments, the controller 185 may control various functions of the e-vaping device 10. Additionally, the controller 185 may be configured to monitor, collect and/or store various information associated with the e-vaping device 10, encode the stored information, and/or control the LED 170 to optically transmit light signals representing the monitored, collected and stored information to, for example, a PCC, which will be further described below.
In one example, the monitored, collected and/or stored information may include vapor topography data generated by a topography apparatus as described in, for example, U.S. application Ser. No. 15/604,500, filed May 24, 2017, the entire contents of which are incorporated herein by reference.
As described herein, vapor topography data (also referred to as topography data) may include information indicating a physical characteristic of a pattern of vapor generation by the e-vaping device 10. Such a pattern may be associated with a particular adult vaper that may interact with the e-vaping device 10 to cause the e-vaping device 10 to generate vapor according to a particular pattern of vapor generation. For example, vapor topography data may include information indicating a physical characteristic of a pattern of vapor generation by the e-vaping device 10, where such a physical characteristic may include time stamps at which discrete instances of vapor generation by the e-vaping device 10 occur, a frequency at which discrete generations of vapor by the e-vaping device 10 occur over a particular time period, a determined magnitude of vapor generated by the e-vaping device 10 (e.g., for each discrete instance of vapor generation and/or an average for a particular quantity of vapor generations over a particular period of time), a determined magnitude of a flow rate of air and/or vapor through one or more portions of the e-vaping device 10 concurrently with one or more discrete generations of vapor by the e-vaping device 10, a voltage output of a power supply of the e-vaping device 10 in association with generation of vapor by the e-vaping device 10, a presence and/or amount and/or density of one or more particular volatile organic compounds (VOCs) in a vapor generated by the e-vaping device 10, etc., some combination thereof, or the like.
Vapor topography data may also include statistical information generated based on processing one or more various signals, received from one or more elements within the interior of the e-vaping device 10, over a period of time. For example, vapor topography data may indicate a statistical distribution (e.g., a normal distribution) of vapor generation durations for a given period of time (e.g., a 24-hour period, a week, a month, or other time period).
In at least some example embodiments, the information may also, or alternatively, include at least one of a number of applications of negative pressure (puff events), a charge status of a battery of the e-vaping device 10, an identification of the e-vaping device 10, a status of a remaining pre-vapor formulation in the first section 15 of the e-vaping device 10, or the like.
Still referring to
The interface 195 may facilitate transfer of power from a power source (e.g., a PCC battery and/or an external power source connected to the PCC) to the power supply 145 of the e-vaping device 10.
According to at least one example embodiment, the interface 195 may include processing circuitry and at least one resistive element (collectively referred to as circuitry). In one example, the circuitry may be utilized to generate a resistance when the e-vaping device 10 is inserted in, and a physical connection is established with, a corresponding interface of the PCC. In at least one example embodiment, the circuitry may be further configured to send the generated resistance to the controller 185 to indicate the established connection, and the controller 185 may detect the established physical connection between the e-vaping device 10 and the PCC based on the generated resistance. As discussed in more detail later, this may constitute a triggering event.
According to at least one example embodiment, and for purposes of detecting the above-described physical connection(s) and/or generating the above-described resistance, the interface 195 may operate as set forth in U.S. patent application Ser. No. 15/067,323, filed Mar. 11, 2016, the entire contents of which are incorporated herein by reference.
In one example, in response to detecting a trigger event, the controller 185 may encode stored information associated with the e-vaping device 10, and operate the LED 170 to optically transmit the encoded information to a PCC (or other external device). Example operation of an example controller 185 and an example LED 170 will be discussed in more detail later with regard to
As shown in
In at least one example embodiment, the processor 510 may monitor various types of information regarding the e-vaping device 10. The processor 510 may store the monitored information in the memory 520. In at least one example embodiment, the processor 510 may retrieve the stored information from the memory 520, encode the retrieved information, and transfer the encoded information to an external device (e.g., a PCC) via the LED 170, for example, in response to detecting a triggering event, as will be described in more detail below.
In at least one example embodiment, the processing circuitry 510 may include at least one processor. In this example, the processor may be any known, or to be developed, processor configured to execute computer-readable instructions stored on the memory 520. Execution of the computer-readable instructions stored on the memory 520 transforms the at least one processor into a special purpose processor for carrying out the functionality described herein. The memory 520 may be further configured to store various types of information regarding the e-vaping device 10, such as that described above. As will be described below, such stored data may be encoded and transmitted to an optical sensor (e.g., at a PCC or other external device) via the LED 170.
Although discussed in some cases with regard to a processor and a memory, according to at least some example embodiments, the controller 185 (or control circuitry or processing circuitry) may be (or include) hardware, firmware, hardware executing software, or any combination thereof. For example, the controller 185 may include one or more Central Processing Units (CPUs), digital signal processors (DSPs), application-specific-integrated-circuits (ASICs), field programmable gate arrays (FPGAs), or other circuitry configured as special purpose machines to perform the functions of the controller 185. As mentioned above, example functionality of the controller 185 will be described in more detail below with regard to
An example embodiment of a PCC as well as example interaction between a PCC and the e-vaping device 10 will be discussed in more detail with regard to
Referring to
The PCC 200 includes a cover element 202, which is also referred to herein as a PCC “cover”. The cover 202 includes slots 215 and 220. Each of the slots 215 and 220 corresponds to one of the slots 205 and 210 in the body 201. Each of the slots 215 and 220 may be configured to receive a portion of an e-vaping device that extends outside of a corresponding one of the slots 205 and 210. The portion of an e-vaping device 10 extending outside of the slot 205 is indicated by the reference numeral 222 (hereinafter the extended portion 222) and the portion of e-vaping device 110 extending outside of the slot 210 is indicated by the reference numeral 224 (hereinafter the extended portion 224). Accordingly, each of the slots 205 and 210 in the body 201 together with a corresponding one of the slots 215 and 220 in the cover 202 collectively establish an enclosure in which the e-vaping device 10 or the e-vaping device 110 may be accommodated.
In at least one alternative example embodiment, instead of having slots 215 and 220, the cover 202 may have an empty/hollow section inside for covering the extended portions 222 and 224 of the e-vaping devices 100 and 110.
In the example embodiment shown in
According to at least one example embodiment, the body 201 and the cover 202 of the PCC 200 may be made of metallic, plastic or any combination of suitable material or materials.
Still referring to
The body 201 of some example embodiments of PCC 200 may include a display 250 (e.g., on the exterior thereof). The display 250 may be any type of known, or to be developed, digital display. For example, the display 250 may be a liquid crystal display (LCD) display, a light emitting diode (LED) display, an organic LED (OLED) display, an electrophoretic (electronic paper (e-paper)) display, or the like. As will be described below, the display 250 may display information (provide a visual output or a visual indication) regarding PCC 200, e-vaping device 10 and/or e-vaping device 110, including, but not limited to, a status of the first section 15 of the e-vaping device 10 (or that of the e-vaping device 110), a status of the power supply 145 of the e-vaping device 10 (or that of the e-vaping device 110), a status of a battery of the PCC 200 and/or vapor topography data, etc. The status of the first section 15 may correspond to, for example and without limitation, the amount of pre-vapor formulation remaining inside the first section 15. The status of the power supply 145 may correspond to, for example and without limitation, the amount of charge remaining inside the battery of the power supply 145. The status of the battery of the PCC 200 may correspond to, for example and without limitation, the amount of charge remaining inside the battery of the PCC 200.
Some example embodiments of PCC 200 may include a speaker (audio output provider) 251. The speaker 251 may be any known, or to be developed, speaker capable of outputting audio signals (or audio indications). According to at least some example embodiments, various types of information regarding the PCC 200, the e-vaping device 10 and/or the e-vaping device 110 may be communicated by outputting audio signals through the speaker 251. In at least one example embodiment, the information conveyed via the display 250 may also (or alternatively) be conveyed in the form of audio signals or audio indications via the speaker 251.
Referring to
While only one optical sensor 260 is shown in
The optical sensor 260 is positioned to align with the position of the LED 170 of the e-vaping devices 10 and/or 110 when the e-vaping devices are inserted into respective slots 205 and 210. According to at least one example embodiment, the optical sensor 260 may be an electro-optical sensor, such as, a photoconductive device configured to convert a change of incident light into a change in resistance, a photodiode configured to convert incident light into an output current, or any other known, or to be developed, optical sensor capable of converting incident light into an electrical signal.
The controller 264, which will be further described below with reference to
Returning to
The charger input 270 may be positioned at the bottom of the body 201 of the PCC 200. However, example embodiments are not limited thereto. The charger input 270 may be used for connecting the PCC 200 to an external power source for charging the PCC battery 265 and/or charging the power supply 145 in the e-vaping devices 10 and 110 once inserted into the PCC 200. According to at least one example embodiment, it may be possible to charge the power supply 145 either via the PCC battery 265 or via the external power source. According to at least some example embodiments, the charger input 270 may be a universal serial bus (USB) connection, such as a micro USB connection, USB-C connection, or the like, or any other type of suitable connection.
As shown in
Each of the interfaces 266 and 268 may have one or more pins through which an inserted e-vaping device such as the e-vaping device 10 may establish a connection (an electrical connection) to the PCC 200. The interfaces 266 and 268 (and pins thereof) may facilitate transfer of power from a power source (e.g., the PCC battery 265 of the PCC 200 and/or the external power source connected to the charger input 270) to a battery section (e.g., the power supply 145) of the respective e-vaping device 10 or 110.
In at least one example embodiment, each of the interfaces 266 and 268 may include processing circuitry and at least one resistive element (collectively referred to as circuitry). The circuitry may be utilized to generate a resistance when the e-vaping devices 10 and/or 110 is/are inserted in, and a physical connection is established with, the corresponding slots 205 and/or 210. The circuitry may be further configured to send the generated resistance to the controller 264 to indicate the established connection, and the controller 264 may detect the established physical connection between the e-vaping devices 10 and/or 110 and the corresponding slots 205 and/or 210 based on the generated resistance.
According to at least one example embodiment, and for purposes of detecting the above-described physical connection(s) and/or generating the above-described resistance, the interfaces 266 and 268 may operate as set forth in U.S. patent application Ser. No. 15/067,323, filed Mar. 11, 2016, the entire contents of which are incorporated herein by reference.
According to one or more example embodiments, various types of information regarding the e-vaping device 10, such as remaining charge on the battery of the power supply 145, the remaining amount of pre-vapor formulation in the first section 15, vapor topography data, or the like, may be optically transmitted to the PCC 200 via the LED 170 and the optical sensor 260, thus eliminating a need for an additional, designated pin at the interface 266, 268 or interface 195 for transfer of such information.
As also shown in
The charger input 270 may be connected to the interface 266 via a diode 291 and a switch 292. Similar to the diode 290, the diode 291 ensures a uni-directional flow of electrical charge from the external power source to the interface 266 (e.g., for purposes of charging the power supply 145 of e-vaping device 10 via interface 195 once inserted into slot 205) and not vice-versa. In one example embodiment, the switch 292 may be controlled by the controller 264 to selectively allow power to flow from the PCC battery 265 and/or an external power source to the interface 266. In one example embodiment, the controller 264 may cause the switch 292 to connect to the PCC battery 265 to allow power to flow from the PCC battery 265 to the interface 266, or to the diode 291 to allow power to flow from the external power source to the interface 266.
Similarly, the charger input 270 is connected to the interface 268 via a diode 293 and a switch 294. Similar to the diodes 290 and 291, the diode 293 ensures a uni-directional flow of electrical charge from the external power source to the interface 268 (e.g., for purposes of charging the power supply 145 of the e-vaping device 10 via the interface 195 once inserted into the slot 210) and not vice-versa. In at least one example embodiment, the switch 294 may be controlled by the controller 264 to selectively allow power to flow from the PCC battery 265 or an external power source to the interface 268. In this example, the controller 264 may cause the switch 294 to connect to the PCC battery 265 to allow power to flow from the PCC battery 265 to the interface 268, or to the diode 294 to allow power to flow from the external power source to the interface 268.
The controller 264 is electrically connected to the optical sensor 260 in order to control the operation thereof. In at least one example embodiment, the controller 264 controls the optical sensor 260 by directing the optical sensor 260 to receive encoded information (via light signals) from the LED 170 in response to detecting a triggering event (e.g., upon the e-vaping device 10 being inserted into the PCC 200). In at least one example embodiment, the controller 264 receives electrical signals corresponding to received light signals from the optical sensor 260 via the electrical connection there between.
As shown in
In at least some example embodiments, the transceiver 330 may be any known, or to be developed, transceiver for transmission and/or reception of data, for example and without limitation, between the PCC 200 and a remote device. In at least one example embodiment, the transceiver 300 may enable the establishment of wireless communication between the PCC 200 and a remote device. In another example, the transceiver 300 may enable the establishment of a wired connection with a remote device via the charger input 270 (e.g., via a USB connection or the like).
In at least one example embodiment, the processing circuitry 310 may include at least one processor. In this example, the processor may be any known, or to be developed, processor configured to execute computer-readable instructions stored on the memory 320. Execution of the computer-readable instructions stored on the memory 320 transforms the at least one processor into a special purpose processor for carrying out at least the functionality described herein.
Although discussed in some cases with regard to a processor and a memory, according to at least some example embodiments, the controller 264 (or control circuitry or processing circuitry) may be (or include) hardware, firmware, hardware executing software, or any combination thereof. For example, the controller 264 may include one or more Central Processing Units (CPUs), digital signal processors (DSPs), application-specific-integrated-circuits (ASICs), field programmable gate arrays (FPGAs), or other circuitry configured as special purpose machines to perform the functions of the controller 264.
In at least some example embodiments, the processing circuitry 310 may send appropriate signals/commands to other components of the PCC 200 and/or the e-vaping device 10. For example, the processing circuitry 310 may send a command to optical sensor 260 to activate the optical sensor 260 to receive information (e.g., vapor topography data) in the form of light signals from the e-vaping device 10.
Referring to
In one example, the monitoring and collecting of information may be initiated at power up of the e-vaping device 10. In another example, the monitoring and collecting of information may be initiated by an adult vaper through interaction with the e-vaping device 10, the PCC 200 or an external device communicatively coupled to the e-vaping device 10 or the PCC 200 via a wired or wireless connection. The e-vaping device 10 or the PCC 200 may be communicatively coupled to an electrical device such as a mobile device. The electrical device may send instructions to the e-vaping device 10 or the PCC 200 based on adult vaper input to activate the monitoring and collecting of information. In another example, the controller 185 may initiate monitoring and collecting of information in response to a vapor generation command from the sensor 190.
Also at S600, the controller 185 stores the collected information in the memory 520. The collected information may be stored in the memory 520 in any known manner, such as one or more tables of a database.
Still referring to
With regard to S610, according to at least some example embodiments, the triggering event may be the placement of the e-vaping device 10 inside the PCC 200. In this example, the controller 185 may detect a triggering event when the interface 195 contacts, and is electrically connected to, the interface 266 or 268. For example, the controller 185 may detect a triggering event upon receipt of a resistance generated by the circuitry at the interface 195 when the e-vaping device 10 is inserted in, and a physical connection is established with, an interface of the PCC 200.
With regard to S620, in one example, the controller 185 may encode the information using a coding scheme, wherein each type of information is assigned one or more codes, which are then transmitted as light signals by the LED 170. In this example, each code may uniquely identify a given type of information as well as a value thereof. According to at least some example embodiments, any known or to be developed coding scheme for use with transmission of light signals may be used. In another example, the controller 185 may encode the information using a channel access method (e.g., Code-Division Multiple Access (CDMA), optical CDMA (O-CDMA), Frequency Division Multiple Access (FDMA), Time Division Multiple Access (TDMA), Light Fidelity (Li-Fi), or the like, wherein each type of information is assigned a particular code, frequency and/or time for transmission. With regard to at least some of these transmission methods, the controller 185 may utilize a “codebook” for encoding the collected information. The codebook may be stored in the memory 520. In another example, stored information may be encoded using a light pattern by assigning a color, blinking frequency, combination thereof, or the like, to the information. An example coding scheme in which light patterns of color and/or frequency are used is discussed in more detail below.
For example, a continuous red light may be indicative of information corresponding to (may represent) a charge level of less than about 10% inside the power supply 145, a continuous green light may be indicative (represent) of a fully charged power supply 145, and a red light blinking once every 1 millisecond (a blinking frequency of 1 per millisecond) may be indicative of (represent) a charge level between about 10% and about 25% inside the power supply 145. In this example, if the charge level of the power supply 145 is less than about 10%, then the controller 185 may encode the charge level information by converting the charge level into a continuous red light to be transmitted by the LED 170.
Similarly, a green light may be indicative of information corresponding to (may represent) the remaining amount of pre-vapor formulation in the first section 15. For example, a constant green light may be indicative of (represent) about 100% (or an amount above a first threshold value, e.g., about 90%) of the pre-vapor formulation remaining inside the first section 15, a green light blinking once every 1 millisecond (a blinking frequency of 1 per millisecond) may be indicative of (represent) about 50% of the pre-vapor formulation remaining in the first section 15, and a green light blinking twice every 1 millisecond (a blinking frequency of 2 per millisecond) may be indicative of (represent) about 20% of the pre-vapor formulation remaining in the first section 15.
A blue light may be indicative of information corresponding to (may represent) different ranges of number of applications of negative pressure (puffs) associated with the e-vaping device 10. For example, constant blue light (a zero blinking frequency) may be indicative of (represent) a range of about 0-10 for the number of applications of negative pressure (e.g., since the attachment/installment of a new cartridge), a blue light blinking once every 1 millisecond (a blinking frequency of 1 per millisecond) may be indicative of (represent) a range of about 10-20 for the number of applications of negative pressure, and a blue light blinking twice every 1 millisecond (a blinking frequency of 2 per millisecond) may be indicative of (represent) a range of about 20-30 for the number of applications of negative pressure. More generally, a blue light blinking for a number of times about every 1 millisecond may be indicative of (represent) a number of applications of negative pressure that is equal or substantially equal to the number of times the blue light blinks every 1 millisecond.
Returning to
In one example embodiment, the controller 185 controls the LED 170 to output a different lighting pattern (e.g., a different color, a different blinking frequency and/or a combination thereof as discussed above) for transmission of different types of information to the PCC 200. In another example, the controller 185 may control the LED 170 to output the encoded information using a channel access and/or coding scheme.
While some example embodiments are discussed herein with regard to using different light patterns, coding schemes or channel access methods to convey/transmit various information regarding the e-vaping device 10 using the LED 170, example embodiments are not limited thereto. Rather, any other light pattern, coding scheme, or the like, may be defined/programmed into the controller 185 for transmission of information from the e-vaping device 10 to the PCC 200 via the LED 170 and the optical sensor 260 of the PCC 200. Any other type of color, blinking frequencies, codes (e.g., such as Morse code, binary codes, codes corresponding to 1's and 0's, or the like), combinations of various colors and blinking frequencies, or the like, may be used to optically transmit the collected information to the PCC 200.
In at least one example embodiment, the controller 185 may enable/direct the LED 170 to output a specific lighting pattern through the execution of computer-readable instructions, corresponding to each lighting pattern that is saved on the memory 520 of the controller 185, by the processor 510.
While
Referring to
In another example embodiment, the controller 264 may include a counter (or other timer) that tracks a desired (or, alternatively, predetermined) time period. In this example, the optical sensor triggering event may occur when the time period expires.
In yet another example, the optical sensor triggering event may be establishing visual communication between the LED 170 and the optical sensor 260.
According to at least one other example embodiment, the optical sensor 260 may be always ON and ready to detect optical signals transmitted by the LED 170. In this example, operations S710 and S720 may be omitted.
Returning to
At S740, the controller 264 decodes (processes) the encoded information (e.g., electrical signals from the optical sensor 260). In one example embodiment, the controller 264 may have a database including an association between light patterns (e.g., including colors, blinking frequency, codes, or the like) and a different type of information. The database and the corresponding type of information may be the same or substantially the same as that used by the controller 185 of the e-vaping device 10 for encoding the information for optical transmission. The controller 264 may decode the encoded information (light patterns or electrical signals indicative of the light patterns) by comparing the received light pattern to a plurality of light patterns stored in the database.
For example, the database may include a correspondence between a continuous red light (as one type of light pattern) and a charge level of less than about 10% of the battery inside the power supply 145. Accordingly, upon receiving a continuous red light pattern, the controller 264 decodes the received continuous red light pattern as an indication that the remaining charge on the battery of the power supply 145 is less than about 10%.
Similarly, the database may include a correspondence between a continuous green light (as one type of light pattern) and a remaining amount of pre-vapor formulation of 100% in the first section 15. Accordingly, upon receiving a continuous green light pattern, the controller 264 decodes the received continuous green light pattern as an indication that the remaining amount of pre-vapor formulation in the first section 15 is 100%.
Similarly, the database may include a correspondence between a continuous blue light (as one type of light pattern) and a range of 0-10 for the number of applications of negative pressure associated with the e-vaping device 10. Accordingly, upon receiving a continuous blue light, the controller 264 decodes the received continuous blue light pattern as an indication that the number of applications of negative pressure is between 0 and 10.
Accordingly, the controllers 185 and 264 may be programmed such that each utilizes the same type of light pattern to convey/transmit (or decode) the same type of information.
In another example, the controller 264 may have a codebook for decoding a signal encoded according to a given coding scheme or channel access method. The codebook may correspond to the codebook used to encode the information at the controller 185.
In another example, the controller 264 may decode received binary patterns into any kind of information, including graphics and/or sounds, which the controller 264 may then convey through a display 250 or speaker 251 (e.g., at S760 further described below).
Returning to
At S760, the controller 264 outputs the stored information. In one example, the controller 264 may control the display 250 and/or the speaker 251 to display/output the decoded information. For example, if the decoded information indicates that the charge level of the power supply 145 is less than about 10%, then the controller 264 may display a red light on the display 250 to convey the same to an adult vaper. Alternatively, the controller 264 may control the speaker 251 to produce a warning sound indicating the relatively low charge level of the power supply 145. As another example, if the decoded information indicates that the number of applications of negative pressure are between about 20 and 30, then the controller 264 may control the display 250 to display the same. Aside from these examples, any other type of visual and/or audio indications may be produced and conveyed to an adult vaper regarding the e-vaping device 10, via the display 250 and/or the speaker 251.
According to at least one other example embodiment, the controller 264 may output (e.g., directly output) the decoded information after S740, without necessarily storing the information. In this example, S750 in
The controller 264 may output the stored information (or directly output the information) on demand; for example, in response to interaction of the PCC 200 with an adult vaper.
In yet another example embodiment, the controller 264 may output the stored information to an external device (e.g., a computer or other electronic device) via a wired or wireless connection. In one example, the controller 264 may detect connection of the PCC 200 to an external device via the charger input 270, and output the stored information to the external device in response to the detected connection.
As mentioned above, optical transmission of data monitored and collected at the e-vaping device 10 to the PCC 200 enables omission of a separate physical connection between the e-vaping device 10 and the PCC 200 (or other external device). For example, a pin to transfer the data from the e-vaping device 10 to the PCC 200, upon placement of the e-vaping device 10 inside the PCC 200, is not necessary by virtue of the optical transmission of the data from the e-vaping device 10 to the PCC 200 using the LED 170 and the optical sensor 260.
While example embodiments are capable of various modifications and alternative forms, embodiments thereof are shown by way of example in the drawings and described in detail. It should be understood, however, that there is no intent to limit example embodiments to the particular forms disclosed, but to the contrary, example embodiments are to cover all modifications, equivalents, and alternatives falling within the scope of example embodiments. Like numbers refer to like elements throughout the description of the figures.
It should be understood that when an element or layer is referred to as being “on,” “connected to,” “coupled to,” or “covering” another element or layer, it may be directly on, connected to, coupled to, or covering the other element or layer, or intervening elements or layers may be present. In contrast, when an element is referred to as being “directly on,” “directly connected to,” or “directly coupled to” another element or layer, there are no intervening elements or layers present. Like numbers refer to like elements throughout the specification. As used herein, the term “and/or” includes any and all combinations of one or more of the associated listed items.
It should be understood that, although the terms first, second, third, or the like may be used herein to describe various elements, regions, layers and/or sections, these elements, regions, layers, and/or sections should not be limited by these terms. These terms are only used to distinguish one element, region, layer, or section from another region, layer, or section. Thus, a first element, region, layer, or section discussed below could be termed a second element, region, layer, or section without departing from the teachings of example embodiments.
Spatially relative terms (e.g., “beneath,” “below,” “lower,” “above,” “upper,” and the like) may be used herein for ease of description to describe one element or feature's relationship to another element(s) or feature(s) as illustrated in the figures. It should be understood that the spatially relative terms are intended to encompass different orientations of the device in use or operation in addition to the orientation depicted in the figures. For example, if the device in the figures is turned over, elements described as “below” or “beneath” other elements or features would then be oriented “above” the other elements or features. Thus, the term “below” may encompass both an orientation of above and below. The device may be otherwise oriented (rotated 90 degrees or at other orientations) and the spatially relative descriptors used herein interpreted accordingly.
The terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing various embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of example embodiments. As used herein, the singular forms “a,” “an,” and “the” are intended to include the plural forms as well, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. It will be further understood that the terms “includes,” “including,” “comprises,” and/or “comprising,” when used in this specification, specify the presence of stated features, integers, steps, operations, and/or elements, but do not preclude the presence or addition of one or more other features, integers, steps, operations, elements, and/or groups thereof.
As discussed herein, the term “or” should not be interpreted as “exclusive or” or XOR, but may be inclusive of “and/or.”
Example embodiments are described herein with reference to cross-sectional illustrations that are schematic illustrations of idealized embodiments (and intermediate structures) of example embodiments. As such, variations from the shapes of the illustrations as a result, for example, of manufacturing techniques and/or tolerances, are to be expected. Thus, example embodiments should not be construed as limited to the shapes of regions illustrated herein but are to include deviations in shapes that result, for example, from manufacturing. Thus, the regions illustrated in the figures are schematic in nature and their shapes are not intended to illustrate the actual shape of a region of a device and are not intended to limit the scope of example embodiments.
Unless otherwise defined, all terms (including technical and scientific terms) used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which example embodiments belong. It will be further understood that terms, including those defined in commonly used dictionaries, should be interpreted as having a meaning that is consistent with their meaning in the context of the relevant art and will not be interpreted in an idealized or overly formal sense unless expressly so defined herein.
Example embodiments having thus been described, it will be obvious that the same may be varied in many ways. Such variations are not to be regarded as a departure from the intended spirit and scope of example embodiments, and all such modifications as would be obvious to one skilled in the art are intended to be included within the scope of the following claims.
| Number | Name | Date | Kind |
|---|---|---|---|
| 7100420 | Read et al. | Sep 2006 | B2 |
| 8757147 | Terry et al. | Jun 2014 | B2 |
| 9018899 | Xiang | Apr 2015 | B2 |
| 9072321 | Liu | Jul 2015 | B2 |
| 9289014 | Tucker et al. | Mar 2016 | B2 |
| 10420374 | Liu | Sep 2019 | B2 |
| 20060099554 | Frost | May 2006 | A1 |
| 20130192623 | Tucker et al. | Aug 2013 | A1 |
| 20130340775 | Juster et al. | Dec 2013 | A1 |
| 20130341218 | Liu | Dec 2013 | A1 |
| 20140053856 | Liu | Feb 2014 | A1 |
| 20140278258 | Shafer | Sep 2014 | A1 |
| 20140305820 | Xiang | Oct 2014 | A1 |
| 20150097513 | Liberti et al. | Apr 2015 | A1 |
| 20150128976 | Verleur et al. | May 2015 | A1 |
| 20150224268 | Henry et al. | Aug 2015 | A1 |
| 20150333552 | Alarcon | Nov 2015 | A1 |
| 20160204637 | Alarcon et al. | Jul 2016 | A1 |
| 20160309785 | Holtz | Oct 2016 | A1 |
| 20160309786 | Holtz et al. | Oct 2016 | A1 |
| 20160374397 | Jordan et al. | Dec 2016 | A1 |
| 20170045994 | Murison | Feb 2017 | A1 |
| 20170258135 | Yerkic-Husejnovic et al. | Sep 2017 | A1 |
| 20170325502 | Nelson et al. | Nov 2017 | A1 |
| 20180280640 | Baker | Oct 2018 | A1 |
| 20180338529 | Weigensberg et al. | Nov 2018 | A1 |
| Number | Date | Country |
|---|---|---|
| WO-2015063126 | May 2015 | WO |
| WO-2015127429 | Aug 2015 | WO |
| Entry |
|---|
| International Search Report and Written Opinion dated Jun. 3, 2019 in International Application No. PCT/EP2019/055456. |
| Faulwaser Michael et al., “10 Gbit/s Bidirectional Optical Wireless Communication Module for Docking Devices”, 2014 IEEE Globecom Workshops (GC WKSHPS)—Optical Wireless Communications, pp. 512-517, Dec. 8, 2014. |
| Written Opinion of the International Preliminary Examining Authority dated Jan. 24, 2020 in International Application No. PCT/EP2019/055456. |
| International Preliminary Report on Patentability dated Apr. 8, 2020 in International Application No. PCT/EP2019/055456. |
| Number | Date | Country | |
|---|---|---|---|
| 20190269175 A1 | Sep 2019 | US |
