Patent Application
20190391908
The ubiquitous presence of Internet connected devices worldwide has led to an era governed by applications. Increasing aspects of personal, social and professional lives are governed by applications. Communication may occur through social apps, cinema tickets may be booked using mobile or other connected devices, and trips may be scheduled using airline and/or hotel websites. The digitization of most aspects of daily life has spurred businesses, companies, and/or organizations to rapidly develop applications for providing features and access for the convenience of consumers. Consumers expect to receive services from businesses from various channels of their choice, such as via voice, email, Short Message Service (SMS)/text, World Wide Web, mobile platforms, or through social media.
Various embodiments of the present inventive concept are directed to a method including performing operations as follows on a processor. The operations include identifying a first interface associated with a first functionality of a plurality of functionalities of an application, where a portion of the first functionality has changed within the application, identifying a second functionality of the plurality of functionalities of the application that has not changed, where the second functionality is associated with a plurality of second interfaces, selecting a testing interface out of the plurality of second interfaces associated with the second functionality, and executing a test case for testing the application using the first interface associated with the first functionality and using the testing interface associated with the second functionality, but refraining from using remaining ones of the plurality of second interfaces associated with the second functionality for executing the test case. In some embodiments, selecting the testing interface includes dynamically selecting the testing interface during the executing the test case for testing the application.
In some embodiments, operations performed on the processor may include identifying a plurality of third interfaces associated with the first functionality, and executing the test case over each of the plurality of the third interfaces. Selecting the testing interface out of the plurality of second interfaces associated with the second functionality may include selecting the testing interface based on a ranking of use of the testing interface during previous execution of the application. Selecting the testing interface out of the plurality of second interfaces associated with the second functionality may include selecting the testing interface based on reliability of the testing interface across a plurality of previous executions of the test case. Selecting the testing interface out of the plurality of second interfaces associated with the second functionality may include selecting the testing interface based on performance analytics of the test interface over a period of time. Selecting the testing interface out of the plurality of second interfaces associated with the second functionality may include selecting the testing interface based on a previous test execution time.
In some embodiments, operations performed on the processor may include identifying the first functionality for which the portion of the first functionality has been changed within the application based on a code management tool or a defect management tool. Selecting the testing interface out of the plurality of second interfaces associated with the second functionality may include generating a graph including a plurality of nodes representing respective states of the application and a plurality of edges representing respective ones of the plurality of functionalities of the application, and selecting the testing interface of the second functionality based on a weight of an edge associated with the second functionality. A transition between a first node and a second node of the plurality of nodes may be associated with the second functionality, and the transition may include a plurality of edges associated with respective ones of the plurality of second interfaces associated with the second functionality.
In some embodiments, operations performed on the processor may include determining respective weights of respective ones of the plurality of edges between the first node and the second node. Selecting the testing interface of the second functionality may include selecting the testing interface associated with the highest weight of the respective weights that were determined. A first weight of the respective weights includes a sum of respective contribution factors associated with respective ones of a plurality of attributes. The plurality of attributes may include performance, scalability, and/or reliability. Selecting the testing interface of the second functionality based on the weight of an edge associated with the second functionality may include selecting the testing interface during the executing the test case for testing the application.
Various embodiments of the present inventive concept include a computer program product, that includes a tangible non-transitory computer readable storage medium storing computer readable program code which when executed by a processor of an electronic device causes the processor to perform operations as follows on a processor. The computer readable program code includes computer readable code to identify a first interface associated with a first functionality of a plurality of functionalities of an application, where a portion of the first functionality has changed within the application, computer readable code to identify a second functionality of the plurality of functionalities of the application that has not changed, where the second functionality is associated with a plurality of second interfaces, computer readable code select a testing interface out of the plurality of second interfaces associated with the second functionality, and computer readable code to execute a test case for testing the application using the first interface associated with the first functionality and using the testing interface associated with the second functionality, but refraining from using remaining ones of the plurality of second interfaces associated with the second functionality for executing the test case.
In some embodiments, the computer program product may include computer readable code to dynamically select the testing interface during the executing the test case for testing the application. The computer program product may include computer readable code to generate a graph comprising a plurality of nodes representing respective states of the application and a plurality of edges representing respective ones of the plurality of functionalities of the application and computer readable code to select the testing interface of the second functionality based on a weight of an edge associated with the second functionality. A transition between a first node and a second node of the plurality of nodes may be associated with the second functionality. The transition may include a plurality of edges associated with respective ones of the plurality of second interfaces associated with the second functionality. The computer program product may include computer readable code to determine respective weights of respective ones of the plurality of edges between the first node and the second node and computer readable code to select the testing interface associated with the highest weight of the respective weights that were determined.
Various embodiments of the present inventive concept include an computer system, including a processor, and a memory coupled to the processor and including computer readable program code embodied in the memory that when executed by the processor causes the processor to perform operations as follows on a processor. The operations include identifying a first interface associated with a first functionality of a plurality of functionalities of an application, where a portion of the first functionality has changed within the application, identifying a second functionality of the plurality of functionalities of the application that has not changed, where the second functionality is associated with a plurality of second interfaces, selecting a testing interface out of the plurality of second interfaces associated with the second functionality, and executing a test case for testing the application using the first interface associated with the first functionality and using the testing interface associated with the second functionality, but refraining from using remaining ones of the plurality of second interfaces associated with the second functionality for executing the test case. In some embodiments, selecting the testing interface includes dynamically selecting the testing interface during the executing the test case for testing the application.
It is noted that aspects described with respect to one embodiment may be incorporated in different embodiments although not specifically described relative thereto. That is, all embodiments and/or features of any embodiments can be combined in any way and/or combination. Moreover, other methods, systems, articles of manufacture, and/or computer program products according to embodiments of the inventive subject matter will be or become apparent to one with skill in the art upon review of the following drawings and detailed description. It is intended that all such additional systems, methods, articles of manufacture, and/or computer program products be included within this description, be within the scope of the present inventive subject matter, and be protected by the accompanying claims. It is further intended that all embodiments disclosed herein can be implemented separately or combined in any way and/or combination.
Features of embodiments will be more readily understood from the following detailed description of specific embodiments thereof when read in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, in which:
In the following detailed description, numerous specific details are set forth to provide a thorough understanding of embodiments of the present disclosure. However, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that the present invention may be practiced without these specific details. In some instances, well-known methods, procedures, components and circuits have not been described in detail so as not to obscure the present disclosure. It is intended that all embodiments disclosed herein can be implemented separately or combined in any way and/or combination. Aspects described with respect to one embodiment may be incorporated in different embodiments although not specifically described relative thereto. That is, all embodiments and/or features of any embodiments can be combined in any way and/or combination.
Businesses, companies, organizations, and/or groups use applications or web portals as an interface to users. Ubiquitous availability of computers, connected devices, and/or mobile devices provide access to most persons worldwide to connect to the Internet and access services, applications, and/or websites associated with businesses, companies, organizations, and/or groups.
Various embodiments described herein may arise from the recognition that maintenance and execution of separate test suites or groups of test cases for each application interface within each functionality may be laborious, time consuming, and processor intensive. A large number of test cases may need to be executed to test various interfaces across various functionalities of an application. Techniques such as machine learning and artificial intelligence may be applied to regression testing environments to improve the speed and execution of regression test cases. Embodiments described herein will reduce the number of test case executions by identifying functionalities that have not been modified and selecting a single interface for executing the test case for the functionalities that have not been modified. An application may use as input, the context including the change in functionality and the interface impacted and then auto select the interface channel for execution of the actual test using an optimized channel for functionalities that have not changed.
A test case may include a sequence of one or more functionalities/steps. Each step may be preconfigured or hard-coded to execute using a specific interface.
A test case that is run for regression may test an application that includes (1) pre-requisite test steps for entering the test step/functionality that is under test, (2) a test step that has been changed from a previous execution of the test case, and/or (3) post-requisite test steps that are executed after the test step/functionality that is under test has been executed. Still referring to
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Dynamic selection of pre-requisite test and post-requisite test step interfaces may be based on attributes such as usage analytics of the interface, reliability of the interface, and/or performance analytics of the test interface over a period of time. Usage analytics may be related to which interfaces are used more extensively, i.e. a percentage of the accesses for which a specific interface is used by customers of the application. The reliability of an interface may be considered during dynamic interface selection to reduce troubleshooting efforts for functionalities unrelated to the modified functionalities under test. Error prone interfaces, such as ones that depend on third party applications like browsers that may hang on loading or elements not being found, may be avoided. Performance analytics of the test interface over a period of time may be considered during dynamic interface selection and may be based on speed of execution of the functionality when using an interface, measure of the portions of functionality that are exercised by the interface, and/or variability of speed of execution. Interfaces that may include time consuming operations, such as page loading, page navigations, etc. may be avoided.
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In order to select an interface out of the transition, weights may be determined for each of the edges in a transition to quantify potential suitability of each interface. The weight of the edge may be based on various attributes such as performance, scalability, and/or reliability. A ranking may be determined for the interfaces, based on the respective weights of the edges. To determine ranking based on weights of the edges, one or more attributes may be quantified across the various edges. The weights of these attributes may be added together for a given edge. The sum of the weights of the attributes for each of the edges may be used to rank the edges. Selection of the interface may be based, for example, on selecting the edge with the highest sum of the weights of the attributes. In some embodiments, different attributes may have different contribution factors such that specific attributes may have greater mathematical consideration than other attributes.
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The processor 2130 may include one or more data processing circuits, such as a general purpose and/or special purpose processor (e.g., microprocessor and/or digital signal processor) that may be collocated or distributed across one or more networks. The processor 2130 is configured to execute computer program code 2112 in the memory 2110, described as a non-transitory computer readable medium, to perform at least some of the operations described herein as being performed by an electronic device. The computer program code 2112 when executed by the processor 2130 causes the processor 2130 to perform operations in accordance with one or more embodiments disclosed herein for the electronic device 2100. The electronic device 2100 may further include a user input interface 2120 (e.g., touch screen, keyboard, keypad, mouse, etc.) and/or a display device 2122.
Various embodiments described herein have used techniques based on machine learning and artificial intelligence to improve the speed and processing needed for regression testing of applications. Based on the techniques described herein, an application regression test suite may be independent of application interfaces without hardcoding interfaces for each test step/functionality. Interface selection may occur based on determination of touched and untouched modules/code points. Thus rapid verification of modifications to an application using limited interfaces for test execution is achieved.
Further Definitions and Embodiments:
In the above-description of various embodiments of the present disclosure, aspects of the present disclosure may be illustrated and described herein in any of a number of patentable classes or contexts including any new and useful process, machine, manufacture, or composition of matter, or any new and useful improvement thereof. Accordingly, aspects of the present disclosure may be implemented entirely hardware, entirely software (including firmware, resident software, micro-code, etc.) or combining software and hardware implementation that may all generally be referred to herein as a “circuit,” “module,” “component,” or “system.” Furthermore, aspects of the present disclosure may take the form of a computer program product comprising one or more computer readable media having computer readable program code embodied thereon.
Any combination of one or more computer readable media may be used. The computer readable media may be a computer readable signal medium or a computer readable storage medium. A computer readable storage medium may be, for example, but not limited to, an electronic, magnetic, optical, electromagnetic, or semiconductor system, apparatus, or device, or any suitable combination of the foregoing. More specific examples (a non-exhaustive list) of the computer readable storage medium would include the following: a portable computer diskette, a hard disk, a random access memory (RAM), a read-only memory (ROM), an erasable programmable read-only memory (EPROM or Flash memory), an appropriate optical fiber with a repeater, a portable compact disc read-only memory (CD-ROM), an optical storage device, a magnetic storage device, or any suitable combination of the foregoing. In the context of this document, a computer readable storage medium may be any tangible medium that can contain, or store a program for use by or in connection with an instruction execution system, apparatus, or device.
A computer readable signal medium may include a propagated data signal with computer readable program code embodied therein, for example, in baseband or as part of a carrier wave. Such a propagated signal may take any of a variety of forms, including, but not limited to, electro-magnetic, optical, or any suitable combination thereof. A computer readable signal medium may be any computer readable medium that is not a computer readable storage medium and that can communicate, propagate, or transport a program for use by or in connection with an instruction execution system, apparatus, or device. Program code embodied on a computer readable signal medium may be transmitted using any appropriate medium, including but not limited to wireless, wireline, optical fiber cable, RF, etc., or any suitable combination of the foregoing.
Computer program code for carrying out operations for aspects of the present disclosure may be written in any combination of one or more programming languages, including an object oriented programming language such as Java, JavaScript, Scala, Smalltalk, Eiffel, JADE, Emerald, C++, C#, VB.NET, Python or the like, conventional procedural programming languages, such as the “C” programming language, Visual Basic, Fortran 2003, Perl, COBOL 2002, PHP, ABAP, LabVIEW, dynamic programming languages, such as Python, Ruby and Groovy, or other programming languages. The program code may execute entirely on the user's computer, partly on the user's computer, as a stand-alone software package, partly on the user's computer and partly on a remote computer or entirely on the remote computer or server. In the latter scenario, the remote computer may be connected to the user's computer through any type of network, including a local area network (LAN) or a wide area network (WAN), or the connection may be made to an external computer (for example, through the Internet using an Internet Service Provider) or in a cloud computing environment or offered as a service such as a Software as a Service (SaaS).
Aspects of the present disclosure are described herein with reference to flowchart illustrations and/or block diagrams of methods, apparatus (systems), and computer program products according to embodiments of the disclosure. It will be understood that each block of the flowchart illustrations and/or block diagrams, and combinations of blocks in the flowchart illustrations and/or block diagrams, can be implemented by computer program instructions. These computer program instructions may be provided to a processor of a general purpose computer, special purpose computer, or other programmable data processing apparatus to produce a machine, such that the instructions, which execute via the processor of the computer or other programmable instruction execution apparatus, create a mechanism for implementing the functions/acts specified in the flowchart and/or block diagram block or blocks.
These computer program instructions may also be stored in a computer readable medium that when executed can direct a computer, other programmable data processing apparatus, or other devices to function in a particular manner, such that the instructions, when stored in the computer readable medium, produce an article of manufacture including instructions which when executed, cause a computer to implement the function/act specified in the flowchart and/or block diagram block or blocks. The computer program instructions may also be loaded onto a computer, other programmable instruction execution apparatus, or other devices to cause a series of operational steps to be performed on the computer, other programmable apparatuses or other devices to produce a computer implemented process such that the instructions which execute on the computer or other programmable apparatus provide processes for implementing the functions/acts specified in the flowchart and/or block diagram block or blocks.
The flowchart and block diagrams in the figures illustrate the architecture, functionality, and operation of possible implementations of systems, methods, and computer program products according to various aspects of the present disclosure. In this regard, each block in the flowchart or block diagrams may represent a module, segment, or portion of code, which comprises one or more executable instructions for implementing the specified logical function(s). It should also be noted that, in some alternative implementations, the functions noted in the block may occur out of the order noted in the figures. For example, two blocks shown in succession may, in fact, be executed substantially concurrently, or the blocks may sometimes be executed in the reverse order, depending upon the functionality involved. It will also be noted that each block of the block diagrams and/or flowchart illustration, and combinations of blocks in the block diagrams and/or flowchart illustration, can be implemented by special purpose hardware-based systems that perform the specified functions or acts, or combinations of special purpose hardware and computer instructions.
The terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular aspects only and is not intended to be limiting of the disclosure. As used herein, the singular forms “a”, “an” and “the” are intended to include the plural forms as well, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. It will be further understood that the terms “comprises” and/or “comprising,” when used in this specification, specify the presence of stated features, integers, steps, operations, elements, and/or components, but do not preclude the presence or addition of one or more other features, integers, steps, operations, elements, components, and/or groups thereof. As used herein, the term “and/or” includes any and all combinations of one or more of the associated listed items. Like reference numbers signify like elements throughout the description of the figures.
It will be understood that, although the terms “first,” “second,” etc. may be used herein to describe various elements, these elements should not be limited by these terms. These terms are only used to distinguish one element from another. Thus, a first element could be termed a second element without departing from the teachings of the inventive subject matter.
Unless otherwise defined, all terms (including technical and scientific terms) used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this inventive concept belongs. It will be further understood that terms, such as those defined in commonly used dictionaries, should be interpreted as having a meaning that is consistent with their meaning in the context of the relevant art and this specification and will not be interpreted in an idealized or overly formal sense unless expressly so defined herein.
The description of the present disclosure has been presented for purposes of illustration and description, but is not intended to be exhaustive or limited to the disclosure in the form disclosed. Many modifications and variations will be apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art without departing from the scope and spirit of the disclosure. The aspects of the disclosure herein were chosen and described to best explain the principles of the disclosure and the practical application, and to enable others of ordinary skill in the art to understand the disclosure with various modifications as are suited to the particular use contemplated.
