Methods for concurrently forming multiple electrical connections in a neuro-monitoring system

Information

  • Patent Grant
  • 11949188
  • Patent Number
    11,949,188
  • Date Filed
    Friday, October 15, 2021
    3 years ago
  • Date Issued
    Tuesday, April 2, 2024
    7 months ago
Abstract
Systems, devices and methods are described for connecting multiple electrical connectors as a group with corresponding receiving sockets, or connection ports, in a medical device. A multiple electrical connector plate acts as an intermediate connector for quickly engaging or disengaging a group of electrodes with the corresponding device as a single unit. The connection plate includes multiple sections that allow a connector to be snapped securely in place on the connection plate such that the connector does not pull or push free from its snapped in location, resulting in group handling of electrical connectors that is less time consuming, reduces errors and positively impacts the quality of medical care.
Description
FIELD

The present specification generally relates to the field of electrical connections in medical devices and more specifically to a system and method for coupling a group of electrical connectors with their respective mating units.


BACKGROUND

Several medical procedures involve deploying multiple sensors on the human body for the recording and monitoring of data required for patient care. Information, such as vital health parameters, cardiac activity, bio-chemical activity, electrical activity in the brain, gastric activity and physiological data, is usually recorded through on-body or implanted sensors/electrodes which are controlled through a wired or wireless link. Typical patient monitoring systems comprise multiple electrodes that are coupled to a control unit of the medical system through electrical connectors. The various electrical connectors are coupled to their respective mating units or sockets located within the control unit. Several other medical apparatuses, which may not be specifically used for patient monitoring, also involve connecting multiple electrical leads with the control unit of the medical system. In all such medical systems involving a large number of electrical connectors, the overall set up, placement and management of connectors and the corresponding wire leads is a time consuming, cumbersome, and potentially inexact process.


Neuromonitoring involves the use of electrophysiological methods, such as electroencephalography (EEG), electromyography (EMG), and evoked potentials, to monitor the functional integrity of certain neural structures (e.g., nerves, spinal cord and parts of the brain) during surgery. Generally, neuromonitoring medical procedures such as EEG involve a large number of electrodes coupled to the human body. In an EEG procedure, the electrodes are used to record and monitor the electrical activity corresponding to various parts of the brain for detection and treatment of various ailments such as epilepsy, sleep disorders and coma. The EEG procedure is either non-invasive or invasive. In non-invasive EEG, a number of electrodes are deployed on the human scalp for recording electrical activity in portions of the underlying brain. In invasive EEG, through surgical intervention, the electrodes are placed directly over sections of the brain, in the form of a strip or grid, or are positioned in the deeper areas of the brain. The electrical activity pattern captured by various electrodes is analyzed using standard algorithms to localize or spot the portion of brain which is responsible for causing the specific ailment. In both invasive and non-invasive EEG, each of the electrodes is coupled to a wire lead which, in turn, is coupled through a respective electrical connector to a control unit adapted to receive and transmit the electrical signals. Medical procedures, such as EEG, usually involve “Touch Proof” electrical connectors which comprise a simple singe-conductor connector in which the metal part is completely shrouded in plastic. The EEG DIN connector also referred to as DIN 42802 or EEG safety DIN connector is a de facto standard for connecting medical and biomedical recording systems, such as electrodes to amplifiers and other medical devices. The two types of EEG DIN connectors usually include touch-proof sockets that surround in-line rigid plugs.


The current systems and methods used for coupling multiple electrical connectors, such as the touch-proof DIN connectors, with the control unit of a medical system suffer from several drawbacks. Firstly, connecting each individual electrical connector is a very time consuming process when the number of electrical connectors is large, as in the case of neuro-monitoring applications. Secondly, while connecting a large number of electrical connectors with their respective mating or receiving sockets, it is possible that the provider or clinician plugs an electrical connector into a wrong receiving socket. Thirdly, each electrical connector is independently coupled to its respective receiving socket and there is no support structure to ensure that the connector is not displaced or misaligned from its original position. Sometimes, the electrical connector may become displaced from its position and tend to partially protrude from the receiving socket leading to a loose electrical connection.


Such errors in electrode connection and placement while performing a medical procedure can negatively impact patient care. Ensuring the integrity of the system requires thorough testing to ensure that connections are correct. Therefore, in high density electrode configurations, the connection corresponding to each electrode needs to be separately established and verified for integrity before starting the procedure which increases the set up time. To save time, in practice, the provider or clinician may skip at least part of the testing procedure which can impact the quality of medical care.


Therefore, current medical devices involving a large number of electrical connections do not provide an easy and convenient way for a medical care giver to deploy such systems. These systems suffer from a significant risk of error due to unreliable measurements because of incorrect connections. Further, deployment of such systems is time consuming which hinders following best practices and therefore compromises the quality of medical care.


To ensure that medical devices work accurately, especially in critical applications, engineers must design systems that are reliable and maintain signal fidelity. Systems and devices are required which can provide a reliable interconnection between the electrodes deployed on the body of the patient and the control unit of the medical device.


Devices and systems are required which are convenient to use and do not consume too much time for deployment. Systems are required which enable the connection of multiple electrical connectors with their respective receiving units in groups rather than separately connecting each wire lead. Further, there is a need for interconnection structures which can support the electrical connectors in a correct position, thus preventing displacement and misalignment.


SUMMARY

The following embodiments and aspects thereof are described and illustrated in conjunction with systems, tools and methods which are meant to be exemplary and illustrative, not limiting in scope.


In some embodiments, the present specification discloses a connection plate for connecting multiple electrical connectors with a medical device comprising: a middle planar section comprising a top edge, a bottom edge, a first side edge and a second side edge, wherein said middle planar section further comprises a plurality of protruding portions extending outward from the top edge, wherein each protruding portion of the plurality of protruding portions is separated from an adjacent protruding portion of the plurality of protruding portions by a space and wherein each space is adapted to receive a middle portion of an electrical connector; a proximal ledge section coupled to said middle planar section and extending outward in a first direction that is substantially perpendicular to the plurality of protruding portions, wherein the proximal ledge section comprises a first plurality of receiving areas adapted to receive a proximal portion of said electrical connector; and a distal section coupled to said middle planar section and extending outward in a second direction that is substantially perpendicular to the plurality of protruding portions and in opposition to the first direction, wherein the distal section comprises a second plurality of receiving areas adapted to receive a distal portion of said electrical connector.


Optionally, each of the first plurality of receiving areas comprises a curved surface and wherein each of the first plurality of receiving areas is aligned with one of said spaces adapted to receive a middle portion of an electrical connector.


Optionally, each of the first plurality of receiving areas is separated from an adjacent one of the first plurality of receiving areas by a planar surface such that a curved surface of one of the first plurality of receiving areas connects to a curved surface of a second of the first plurality of receiving areas by a flat surface.


Optionally, each of the plurality of protruding portions aligns with one of said planar surfaces separating each of the first plurality of receiving areas.


Optionally, each of the second plurality of receiving areas is aligned with one of said spaces adapted to receive a middle portion of an electrical connector.


Optionally, each of the plurality of protruding portions comprises atraumatic edges.


Optionally, each of the plurality of protruding portions comprises a bottom edge attached to the middle planar section and a curved top edge.


Optionally, each space adapted to receive a middle portion of an electrical connector has a first length, each of the first plurality of receiving areas adapted to receive a proximal portion of an electrical connector has a second length, and each of the second plurality of receiving areas adapted to receive a distal portion of an electrical connector has a third length, wherein, in combination, the first, second, and third lengths are less than 0.800 inches.


Optionally, said middle planar section further comprises a second plurality of protruding portions extending outward from the bottom edge, wherein each protruding portion of the second plurality of protruding portions is separated from an adjacent protruding portion of the second plurality of protruding portions by a space and wherein each space is adapted to receive a middle portion of a second electrical connector.


Optionally, the connection plate further comprises a second proximal ledge section coupled proximate to the bottom edge of said middle planar section and extending outward in a third direction that is substantially perpendicular to the second plurality of protruding portions, wherein the second proximal ledge section comprises a third plurality of receiving areas adapted to receive a proximal portion of said second electrical connector.


Optionally, the connection plate further comprises a second distal section coupled proximate to the bottom edge of said middle planar section and extending outward in a fourth direction that is substantially perpendicular to the second plurality of protruding portions and in opposition to the third direction, wherein the second distal section comprises a fourth plurality of receiving areas adapted to receive a distal portion of said second electrical connector.


Optionally, each of said plurality of protruding portions are configured as a curved extension and are separated from each other by a curved well.


Optionally, at least a portion of the second plurality of receiving areas comprise a hook to lock said electrical connector in a fixed position.


Optionally, said connection plate is a unitary piece produced using an injection molding process.


Optionally, the distal section further comprises a protruding portion coupled to the distal section that facilitates a correct insertion of the connection plate in the medical device.


In some embodiments, the present specification discloses a multiple electrical connector connection plate for connecting multiple electrical connectors with their corresponding connection ports in a medical device comprising: a middle planar section comprising a first side edge, a second side edge, a third side edge and a fourth side edge, wherein said middle planar section further comprises a plurality of alternating curved members and wells positioned along at least one said side edges, wherein each of said wells is adapted to receive a middle portion of an electrical connector; a ledge coupled proximally to said middle planar section and comprising a second plurality of wells with each well of said second plurality of wells aligned to a corresponding wells in the middle planar section, wherein each of said second plurality of wells is configured to receive a proximal section of said electrical connector; and, a keyhole extending outward from each well in the middle planar section and configured to receive a distal portion of said electrical connector.


Optionally, said keyhole is partially enclosed. Still optionally, said keyhole is wholly enclosed.


In some embodiments, the present specification discloses a method of connecting multiple electrical connectors to corresponding connection ports in a medical device comprising: providing a connection plate having a middle planar section comprising a plurality of protruding portions extending outward from an edge of said middle planar section, wherein each protruding portion of the plurality of protruding portions is separated from an adjacent protruding portion of the plurality of protruding portions by a space and wherein each space is adapted to receive a middle portion of an electrical connector; a proximal portion coupled to said middle planar section and extending outward in a first direction that is substantially perpendicular to the plurality of protruding portions, wherein the proximal section comprises a first plurality of receiving areas adapted to receive a proximal portion of said electrical connector; and a distal portion coupled to said middle planar section and extending outward in a second direction that is substantially perpendicular to the plurality of protruding portions and in opposition to the first direction, wherein the distal portion comprises a second plurality of receiving areas adapted to receive a distal portion of said electrical connector; positioning a plurality of electrical connectors in said connection plate by taking each individual electrical connector of said plurality of electrical connectors, placing a distal end of each individual electrical connector of said plurality of electrical connectors onto one of said second plurality of receiving areas, placing a middle portion of each individual electrical connector of said plurality of electrical connectors onto one of said spaces, and placing a proximal portion of each individual electrical connector of said plurality of electrical connectors onto one of said first plurality of receiving areas; and after positioning all of said plurality of electrical connectors in said connection plate, placing said connection plate with said plurality of electrical connectors proximate the connection ports of the medical device such that the distal end of each individual electrical connector of said plurality of electrical connectors is aligned with one of said connection ports of the medical device; and pushing the connection plate toward the medical device such that each individual electrical connector of said plurality of electrical connectors establishes a sufficient connection with one of said connection ports of the medical device.


Optionally, at least 0.350 inches of each individual electrical connector enters into one of said connection ports.


Optionally, said pushing of the connection plate serves to concurrently establish a sufficient connection between all of said plurality of electrical connectors and each corresponding connection port, without requiring individual electrical connectors of said plurality of electrical connectors to be separately pushed into its corresponding connection port.


Optionally, the method further comprises removing the plurality of electrical connectors from the medical device by pulling the connection plate to remove the plurality of electrical connectors from their corresponding connection ports, wherein said pulling of the connection plate serves to concurrently disconnect all of said plurality of electrical connectors and their corresponding connection ports, without requiring individual electrical connectors of said plurality of electrical connectors to be separately pulled out from its corresponding connection port.


Optionally, the method further comprises removing the connection plate from the medical device by pulling the connection plate, wherein said pulling of the connection plate serves to release the connection plate from said plurality of electrical connectors, without causing said plurality of electrical connectors to be removed from their corresponding connection ports.


Optionally, said pushing of the connection plate serves to concurrently snap lock all of said plurality of electrical connectors into each corresponding connection port, without requiring individual electrical connectors of said plurality of electrical connectors to be separately snap locked into its corresponding connection port.


Optionally, each of said protruding portions in said middle planar section is configured to prevent a horizontal movement of the electrical connector.


Optionally, each of said spaces in said middle planar section is configured to prevent a vertical movement of the electrical connector.


Optionally, each of said proximal sections is configured to prevent a vertical movement of the electrical connector.





BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

The foregoing and other objects and advantages will be apparent upon consideration of the following detailed description, taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, in which like reference characters refer to like parts throughout.



FIG. 1 is a block diagram of conventional medical system comprising a large number of electrical connectors;



FIG. 2 is a block diagram of a medical system comprising a large number of electrical connectors coupled with an intermediate connection plate in accordance with an embodiment of the present specification;



FIG. 3 is a pictorial view of an exemplary intermediate connection plate in accordance with an embodiment;



FIG. 4 is a pictorial view of an exemplary intermediate connection plate coupled to multiple electrical connectors in accordance with an embodiment of the present specification;



FIG. 5A depicts the use of a loaded exemplary intermediate connection plate ready for insertion into receiving sockets located within a medical device in accordance with an embodiment of the present specification;



FIG. 5B depicts the use of an intermediate connection plate when fully positioned into receiving sockets located within a medical device in accordance with an embodiment of the present specification;



FIG. 5C is a flowchart illustrating the steps involved for connecting a group of electrical connectors with the connection ports of a medical device using the connection plate or MCP of the present specification;



FIG. 6A is a perspective view of an exemplary mass connection plate in accordance with an embodiment of the present specification;



FIG. 6B is a front elevation view of the mass connection plate shown in FIG. 6A in accordance with an embodiment of the present specification;



FIG. 6C is a side elevation view of the mass connection plate shown in FIG. 6A in accordance with an embodiment of the present specification;



FIG. 6D is a sectional view of the mass connection plate shown in FIG. 6A in accordance with an embodiment of the present specification;



FIG. 6E is a top plan view of the mass connection plate shown in FIG. 6A in accordance with an embodiment of the present specification;



FIG. 7A is a perspective view of another exemplary mass connection plate in accordance with an embodiment of the present specification;



FIG. 7B is a front elevation view of the mass connection plate shown in FIG. 7A in accordance with an embodiment of the present specification;



FIG. 7C is a side elevation view of the mass connection plate shown in FIG. 7A in accordance with an embodiment of the present specification;



FIG. 7D is a top plan view of the mass connection plate shown in FIG. 7A in accordance with an embodiment of the present specification;



FIG. 8A is a perspective view of another exemplary mass connection plate in accordance with an embodiment of the present specification;



FIG. 8B is a front elevation view of the mass connection plate shown in FIG. 8A in accordance with an embodiment of the present specification;



FIG. 8C is a side elevation view of the mass connection plate shown in FIG. 8A in accordance with an embodiment of the present specification;



FIG. 8D is a sectional view of the mass connection plate shown in FIG. 8A in accordance with an embodiment of the present specification;



FIG. 8E is a bottom plan view of the mass connection plate shown in FIG. 8A in accordance with an embodiment of the present specification;



FIG. 9A is a perspective view of another exemplary mass connection plate in accordance with an embodiment of the present specification;



FIG. 9B is a front elevation view of the mass connection plate shown in FIG. 9A in accordance with an embodiment of the present specification;



FIG. 9C is a side elevation view of the mass connection plate shown in FIG. 9A in accordance with an embodiment of the present specification;



FIG. 9D is a sectional view of the mass connection plate shown in FIG. 9A in accordance with an embodiment of the present specification; and



FIG. 9E is a bottom plan view of the mass connection plate shown in FIG. 9A in accordance with an embodiment of the present specification.





DETAILED DESCRIPTION

The present specification describes an improved system and method for connecting electrical connectors to medical devices. Systems are disclosed through which the overall set up, placement and management of electrical connectors is convenient and less time consuming. In embodiments, the electrical connectors are handled in groups such that a group of electrical connectors is plugged into or removed from a corresponding receiving or mating unit located within a medical device as a single unit. The present specification discloses a Mass Connection Plate (MCP) which acts as an intermediate connector or enabler to quickly engage or disengage a group of electrical connectors with their respective receiving or mating units located within a medical device. As the electrical connectors are secured by the MCP as a group, the likelihood of plugging a connector in a wrong receiving socket on the medical device is significantly less than compared to that in the conventional systems in which connectors are individually and directly connected with their respective receiving sockets.


In embodiments, the MCP allows an electrical connector to be securely positioned so that the electrical connector does not pull or push free from its position upon insertion or removal of the connection plate from the medical device. In embodiments, the MCP is configured to be attached or detached form a corresponding medical device with a simple push or pull action, respectively.


In various embodiments, the shapes and dimensions of different sections of a MCP are customized based on corresponding shapes and dimensions of electrical connectors and the mating device.


The present specification is directed towards multiple embodiments. The following disclosure is provided in order to enable a person having ordinary skill in the art to practice the invention. Language used in this specification should not be interpreted as a general disavowal of any one specific embodiment or used to limit the claims beyond the meaning of the terms used therein. The general principles defined herein may be applied to other embodiments and applications without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. Also, the terminology and phraseology used is for the purpose of describing exemplary embodiments and should not be considered limiting. Thus, the present invention is to be accorded the widest scope encompassing numerous alternatives, modifications and equivalents consistent with the principles and features disclosed. For purpose of clarity, details relating to technical material that is known in the technical fields related to the invention have not been described in detail so as not to unnecessarily obscure the present invention.


It should be noted herein that any feature or component described in association with a specific embodiment may be used and implemented with any other embodiment unless clearly indicated otherwise.



FIG. 1 is an illustration of a block diagram of conventional medical system comprising a large number of electrical connectors. As shown in FIG. 1, the medical system 100 is a typical patient monitoring system which comprises a control unit 101 configured to be coupled to a patient 102 through multiple electrodes 106 which can be deployed on the body of the patient 102. The electrodes 106 are coupled to the control unit 101 through a plurality of electrical leads 103, wherein each electrical lead 103 comprises the electrode 106 at its distal end and an electrical connector 104 at its proximal end. The plurality of electrical connectors 104 are configured to be coupled with the corresponding mating or receiving units 105 present in the control unit 101. In conventional medical systems such as medical system 100 where both the number of electrodes and the corresponding number of electrical connectors is large, it is inconvenient and time consuming to couple each electrical connector with its corresponding receiving unit in the control unit.


As shown in FIG. 1, the electrical wires 103 may also become entangled with each other which further complicates the procedure. In neuro-monitoring applications, such as EEG which sometimes involves over 200 electrodes, handling 200 plus electrical wires is a very cumbersome process. There is likelihood that the provider or clinician will insert an electrical connector in a wrong socket which can negatively impact the accuracy of treatment. Further, when any connector is directly inserted in a corresponding receiving unit, there is no support structure to hold the electrical connector in its respective position. Sometimes, in the absence of any structural support, the electrical connectors are displaced from their position and tend to partially come out of the receiving sockets leading to a loose electrical connection.


The system disclosed in FIG. 1 highlights the challenges in handling large number of electrical connectors in a patient monitoring system. Similar problems exist in other types of medical systems in which the connection between various system sub-components involves a large number of electrical connectors.



FIG. 2 is a block diagram of an illustrative medical system 200 comprising a large number of electrical connectors coupled using an intermediate connection plate in accordance with an embodiment of the present specification. As shown in FIG. 2, the medical system 200 is a typical patient monitoring system which comprises a control unit 201 configured to be coupled to a patient 202 through multiple electrodes 206 which can be deployed on the body of the patient 202. The electrodes 206 are coupled to the control unit 201 through a plurality of electrical leads 203, wherein each electrical lead 203 comprises the electrode 206 at its distal end and an electrical connector 204 at its proximal end. The plurality of electrical connectors 204 are coupled to corresponding mating or receiving units 205 located within the control unit 201 through an intermediate connection plate 210 that comprises a plurality of channels or groves 220. In embodiments, the intermediate connection plate 210 is a solid structure which is coupled to multiple electrical connectors 204 that fit into a plurality of channels 220 provided in the intermediate connection plate 210. Thus, the intermediate connection plate 210 comprises a series of channels or grooves 220 which allow electrical connectors be positioned into these channels. The intermediate connection plate 210 houses and aggregates the multiple electrical connectors 204 as a group and is subsequently coupled to the control unit 201. In embodiments, the intermediate connection plate 210 comprises a monolithic structure manufactured using injection molding. As the intermediate connection plate 210 is connected to the control unit 201, the group of connectors 204 positioned within its channels 220 is received into the corresponding receiving sockets 205 located within the control unit 201.


The intermediate connection plate shown in FIG. 2 is advantageous as it allows for multiple electrical connectors to be coupled to itself so that these connectors are handled together as a group. Thus, the overall set-up, placement and management of electrical connectors is convenient and facile. Further, the intermediate connection plate 210 provides structural support to hold various electrical connectors in their respective positions once they are coupled with the corresponding receiving sockets located within the control unit. In embodiments, the channels or grooves provided in the intermediate connection plate 210 are adapted to receive the electrical connectors such that the electrical connectors remain firm in their position once they are fitted into these channels. Therefore, using an intermediate connection plate 210 such as the one described in FIG. 2 also prevents loosening of electrical connections and enhances the reliability of system. In the disclosed system, as the electrical connectors are handled in groups, it is also less likely that a connector is inserted in a wrong mating socket.


In the above embodiment, the electrical connectors 204 are shown as electrical male connectors and the mating units 205 are shown as the electrical female connectors, however in other embodiments, different possible configuration are used.



FIG. 3 is a pictorial view of an exemplary intermediate/mass connection plate in accordance with an embodiment. In embodiments, the intermediate connection plate 300 comprises a series of channels or grooves which allow electrical connectors such as the touch-proof connectors to snap and lock into these channels. As shown in FIG. 3, in the middle of the intermediate connection plate 300 is a large, primary planar surface 301 that comprises a series of hills 303 and first wells 304, each first well 304 being configured to receive a middle portion of a touch-proof connector. Proximal from the middle planar section 301 is a ledge 305 that comprises a series of u-shaped portions or second wells 306, each second well 306 matching the position of a first well 304 in the middle planar section 301. Each second well 306 is configured to receive a proximal portion of an individual touch-proof connector. Jetting outward from each first well 304 is a keyhole/receiving portion 310, smaller than the first well 304, which is positioned between the middle planar section 301 and the medical device and is configured to receive a distal end of the touch-proof connector.


The middle planar section 301 comprises a front section 301a and a back section (not visible in the figure). The middle planar section 301 further comprises a top edge section 301e, a bottom edge section 301f, a first side edge section 301c and a second side edge section 301d. The middle planar section 301 is configured such that it comprises the above described series of hills 303 and first wells 304 along the first side edge section 301c and the second side edge section 301d.


The intermediate connection plate 300 is configured such that the proximal section of an electrical connector is received in a second well 306 carved into ledge 305 and the distal section of the electrical connector passes through a corresponding first well 304 of the middle planar section 301 where it is received in one of the plurality of keyholes/receiving sections 310. Therefore, each matching combination of a second well 306, a first well 304 and a keyhole/receiving section 310 together comprise a single, unified channel in the MCP 300 in which one electrical connector can be positioned. By way of example, in embodiments, the u-shaped portions or second wells 306 positioned within the ledge 305 have a diameter ranging between 0.148 and 0.150 inches.


In embodiments, the various keyholes/receiving sections 310 are adapted to receive the distal portions of the electrical connectors respectively and also provide support to hold the electrical connectors firmly in their respective positions.


In embodiments, the intermediate connection plate 300 has a monolithic structure in which the various sections are all seamlessly coupled to each other through injection molding. In embodiments, the connection plate 300 is manufactured using plastic. In embodiments, the connection plate 300 is manufactured using impact resistant materials that can withstand a sudden high force or shock. In embodiments, the connection plate 300 is disposable.


The intermediate connection plate or mass connection plate 300 allows a user to quickly connect or disconnect a group of electrodes from a medical device as a single unit which makes the entire process of set up, placement and management of electrical connectors convenient and efficient. The system is especially helpful when a patient is required to be repositioned on the operating table. Further, as the electrical connectors are secured by the MCP 300 as a group, the likelihood of plugging a connector into an incorrect receiving socket on the medical device is significantly less than compared to that in conventional systems in which the connectors are individually and directly connected with respective receiving sockets.


The MCP 300 also holds the electrical connectors firmly in place and prevents individual connectors from partially protruding out of the receiving sockets. In embodiments, the MCP 300 comprises a plastic plate with custom designed geometries that allow the connectors to easily snap or lock into respective channels located in the MCP 300. Once a connector is snapped into its desired location, it is held there until all other connectors are also snapped into the mass connection plate. In typical conventional systems, the ungrouped connectors are individually fully inserted into the corresponding receiving sockets up to the large major diameter of the connectors. With the MCP 300, part of this typical insertion depth is utilized to fully snap onto the MCP 300 thereby allowing the connector to be slightly less than fully mated, while still making good/sufficient contact with the corresponding mating device. Usually, the insertion depth of connectors utilized for coupling them with a mass connection plate is equal to the corresponding thickness or depth of a mass connection plate. In some exemplary embodiments, the MCP 300 has a thickness or depth ranging between 0.395 inches and 0.605 inches. The typical insertion depth of a connector is 0.480 inches. If the connector has an insertion depth of at least 0.350 inches, the connector would achieve a good and sufficient contact with the corresponding mating device. Therefore, the thickness of the MCP, at the point of attachment with the connector, is preferably no greater than 0.130 inches, ensuring that at least 0.350 inches remains on a standard connector for mating to a corresponding device and achieving a sufficient connection. In other embodiments, the thickness of the MCP, at the point of attachment with the connector, accounts for no more than 24-27% of the length of the insertion depth of the connector, thereby leaving 73-76% of the length of the insertion depth left for mating with the corresponding device and achieving a sufficient connection.


The MCP 300 is further configured such that a support wall or rib structured in the form of hills 303 is used to help stabilize and align the connectors after they are fitted into the desired locations. The same support wall or rib is also used when removing the connectors out of their snapped-in positions by providing a fulcrum point. In the disclosed system, the electrical connectors are coupled with the MCP 300 and subsequently the MCP 300 is coupled with a medical device without additional tools. A loaded connection plate essentially forms a singular connection mechanism and is plugged or unplugged from an associated piece of medical equipment with a unitary simple push or pull action. In embodiments, the connection plate is plugged/unplugged by grasping and pushing/pulling the outmost edges of middle planar section comprising the hills 303. Accordingly, the connectors are sufficiently attached to the MCP through a friction fit such that they do not become disconnected when the loaded connection plate is pushed into, or pulled out of, the connection ports of the medical device. The connectors are able to be removed/unsnapped manually from their corresponding location on the MCP 300 and replaced individually as required. In FIG. 3, a specific configuration of an MCP device 300 is shown; however, one of ordinary skill in the art would appreciate that the precise structure of MCP 300 can be modified in multiple ways corresponding to the size and configuration of the individual electrical connectors and the configuration of the mating device.


In embodiments, the MCP 300 comprises unique keying features which prevents the cross-wiring of various electrical connectors, such as, but not limited to recording electrodes and simulation electrodes. In embodiments, the exact dimensions of various sections or portions in the MCP 300 are customized for specific applications depending on the corresponding geometries of the electrical connectors and the receiving units.



FIG. 4 is a pictorial view of an exemplary intermediate connection plate coupled to multiple electrical connectors in accordance with an embodiment of the present specification. As shown in FIG. 4, the intermediate connection plate or MCP 400 comprises a middle planar section 401 having a front section 401a, a back section 401b, a top edge section 401e, a bottom edge section 401f, a first side edge section 401c and a second side edge section 401d. The middle section 401 comprises a series of hills or protruding portions 403 and a series of first wells or depressed portions 404 such that there is one first well 404 positioned between two adjacent hills 403. Each first well 404 is configured to receive a middle portion 411m of an individual touch-proof connector 411. Proximal from the middle planar section 401 is a ledge 405 that comprises a series of u-shaped portions or second wells 406, each second well matching the position of a first well 404 in the middle planar section 401. Each second well 406 is configured to receive a proximal portion 411p of an individual touch-proof connector 411. Jetting outward from each first well 404 is a keyhole/receiving portion (not shown) smaller than the first well 404, which is positioned between the middle planar section 401 and the medical device and is configured to receive a distal end of the touch-proof connector 411.


The mass connection plate 400 shown in FIG. 4 is configured such that the proximal portion 411p of an electrical connector 411 is received in a second well 406 located in the ledge 405 and the distal end 411d of the electrical connector passes through the first well 404 of the middle planar section 401 and is received in one of the multiple keyholes/receiving portions (not shown in FIG. 4) positioned between the middle planar section 401 and the medical device.


Once a single connector 411 is positioned/snapped into its desired location on MCP 400 it is held there until all other connectors are also positioned into the MCP 400. The MCP 400 is configured such that support walls or ribs configured in the form hills 403 helps to stabilize and align the connectors after they are snapped into the respective channels.


In the system disclosed in FIG. 4, the electrical connectors are coupled with the MCP 400 and subsequently the MCP 400 is coupled with a medical device without additional tools. A loaded plate 400 essentially forms a singular connection mechanism and is able to be plugged or unplugged from the associated piece of medical equipment with a single push or pull action. The connectors are able to be removed/unsnapped manually from their corresponding location on the MCP 400 and replaced individually as required.



FIG. 5A depicts a loaded exemplary intermediate connection plate ready for insertion into the receiving sockets located within a medical device in accordance with an embodiment of the present specification. As shown in FIG. 5A, the intermediate connection plate or MCP 500 comprises a middle planar section 501 having a front section 501a, a back section 501b, a first side edge section 501c and a second side edge section 501d. The middle section 501 comprises a series of hills 503 and first wells 504 such that there is one first well 504 between two adjacent hills 503 and each first well 504 is configured to receive a middle portion 511m of the touch-proof connector 511. Proximal from the middle planar section 501 is a ledge 505 that comprises a series of u-shaped portions or second wells 506, each second well 506 matching the position of a first well 504 in the middle planar section 501. Each second well 506 is configured to receive a proximal portion 511p of an individual touch-proof connector 511. Jetting outward from each first well 504 is a keyhole/receiving portion (not shown) smaller than the valley 504, which is positioned between the middle planar section 501 and the medical device 520 and is configured to receive a distal portion 511d of the touch-proof connector 511.


The mass connection plate 500 shown in FIG. 5A is configured such that the proximal section 511p of an electrical connector 511 which is coupled with an electrical wire 512 is received in a second well 506 located in the ledge 505 and the distal portion 511d of the electrical connector 511 passes through a first well 504 of the middle planar section 501 and is received in a corresponding keyhole/receiving section located on back side of the plate positioned between the middle planar section 501 and the medical device 520. Each matching combination of a second well 506, a first well 504 and a keyhole/receiving section located on the back side of the plate together comprise one single channel in the MCP 300 in which one electrical connector can be fitted.


The various keyholes/receiving sections located on the back side of the MCP 500 are configured to receive the distal portions 511d of respective electrical connectors 511 and provide support to hold the electrical connectors firmly in their position.


As shown in FIG. 5A, the MCP 500 is coupled with multiple electrical connectors 511 which are firm in their position. The various electrical connectors 511 are self-supported in their position by the unique and novel structure of the MCP 500 disclosed in this specification. The novel configuration comprising a series of hill shaped sections 503 does not allow any sideways movement of the electrical connectors 511. Further, the unique well shaped second wells 506 which host the proximal portion 511p of electrical connectors 511 discourage any vertical movement of the connectors. The keyholes/receiving sections present on the back side of MCP 500, which host the distal portion 511d of the connectors 511, act as hooks and prevent any movement of the connectors. The loaded plate 500 is shown ready to be coupled with the medical device 520 shown in FIG. 5A. A loaded plate 500 essentially works on a one-connection mechanism and is able to be plugged or unplugged from the medical equipment 520 with a simple push or pull action respectively. In the disclosed embodiment, the medical device 520 can be any kind of instrument or device used in medical systems. In neuro-monitoring applications such as EEG, the device 520 is a control unit or amplifier in an embodiment. The control device 520 comprises a plurality of receiving or mating sockets 521 which are configured to receive the distal portions 511d of connectors 511 and establish an electrical connection.



FIG. 5B depicts an intermediate connection plate fully positioned into the receiving units located within a medical device in accordance with an embodiment of the present specification. As shown in FIG. 5B, the MCP 500 is coupled with the control device 520 such that the distal portion of various electrical connectors 511 is received in the corresponding receiving sockets 521. The connectors 511 are firmly positioned in their respective channels or slots. The MCP 500 comprises a unique structure as described in the above embodiments which helps to stabilize and align the connectors after they are snapped into respective slots or channels. The same structure also supports removing the connectors out of their snapped-in positions by providing a fulcrum point. In embodiments, a connector 511 is removed through application of force to the bottom of the connector from the center of MCP 500 towards the outer edge of MCP 500.


In an embodiment, the present specification describes a method for connecting a group of electrical connectors with the connection ports of a medical device using the connection plate or mass connection plate of the present specification. Referring now to FIG. 5C, which is a flowchart illustrating the connection steps, at step 551, the clinician or the care provider identifies and selects a group of electrical connectors which are to be coupled with the corresponding connection ports of a medical device. At step 552, the clinician selects an appropriate MCP which can be used to couple the selected electrical connectors as a single group with the medical device.


Typically, as the connection plates or the MCPs are customized for specific medical applications and their sizes, shapes and other dimensions may vary depending on the corresponding sizes and shapes of medical connectors and connection ports being used in that specific medical application. Further, the MCPs can have different capacities depending on the number of electrical connectors that can fit into the various channels or grooves located in an MCP. The clinician selects an appropriate MCP depending on the type of electrical connectors and the medical device involved in the application and the number of electrical connectors to be coupled using the MCP. In some embodiments, the clinician may use multiple MCPs of same or different capacities to engage a large number of connectors with the corresponding connection ports of a medical device.


In embodiments, the MCP of the present specification comprises a middle planar section further comprising a plurality of protruding portions extending outward from at least one of the edge sections of the middle planar section wherein each protruding portion of the plurality of protruding portions is separated from an adjacent protruding portion of the plurality of protruding portions by a space and wherein each space is adapted to receive a middle portion of an electrical connector. Further, in embodiments, the MCP comprises a proximal portion coupled to the middle planar section and extending outward in a first direction that is substantially perpendicular to the plurality of protruding portions, wherein the proximal section comprises a first plurality of receiving areas adapted to receive a proximal portion of an electrical connector. Further, in embodiments, the MCP comprises a distal portion coupled to the middle planar section and extending outward in a second direction that is substantially perpendicular to the plurality of protruding portions and in opposition to the first direction, wherein the distal portion comprises a second plurality of receiving areas adapted to receive a distal portion of an electrical connector.


At step 553, the electrical connectors are positioned into the various slots/grooves provided in the MCP. In embodiments, in step 553, the electrical connectors are positioned so that a distal end of each individual electrical connector is positioned onto one of the receiving areas in the distal section of the MCP, a middle portion of each individual electrical is positioned onto one of the spaces in the middle planar section of the MCP and a proximal portion of each individual electrical connector is positioned onto one of the receiving areas in the proximal portion of the MCP.


At step 554, a loaded MCP comprising a group of electrical connector positioned into its channels/grooves is placed near the connection ports of the medical device. At step 555, the positioning of the MCP is fine tuned so that each electrical connector is aligned to a corresponding receiving port in the medical device. At step 556, the MCP is pushed towards the medical device to insert the connectors engaged with the MCP into the corresponding receiving ports of the medical device. Once the connectors are sufficiently inserted into the receiving ports of the medical device, an electrical connection is established between the electrical connectors and the medical device and the system is ready for operation.


As described above, a complete group of electrical connectors are inserted into a medical device with a single push action by using the mass connection plate of the present specification.



FIG. 6A is a perspective view of an exemplary mass connection plate in accordance with an embodiment of the present specification. The mass connection plate 600 comprises, in one embodiment, twenty channels or grooves that are configured to receive and hold the electrical connectors. It should be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that the mass connection plate may be configured to house any number of channels or grooves to achieve the objectives of the present specification. In the middle of the mass connection plate 600 is a large, primary planar surface 601 that comprises a series of hills 603 and valleys 604, each valley being configured to receive a middle portion of a touch-proof connector. The middle planar section 601 comprises the series of hills 603 and valleys 604 positioned along a first side edge section 601c and a second side edge section 601d. Proximal from the middle planar section 601 is a ledge 605 that comprises a series of u-shaped portions or wells 606, each well matching the position of a valley 604 in the middle planar section 601. Each well 606 is configured to receive a proximal portion of an individual touch-proof connector. Jetting outward from each valley 604 is a keyhole or receiving section 610, smaller than the valley 604, and positioned between the middle planar section 601 and a medical device. Each keyhole/receiving section 610 is configured to receive a distal end of the touch-proof connector.



FIG. 6B is a front elevation view of the mass connection plate shown in FIG. 6A in accordance with an embodiment of the present specification. As shown in FIG. 6B, MCP 600 comprises ten channel/valleys 604 carved into each of the first side edge section 601c and the second side edge section 601d. The length 630 of middle planar section 601 is equal to 7.285 inches in the exemplary embodiment shown in FIG. 6B.



FIG. 6C is a side elevation view of the mass connection plate shown in FIG. 6A in accordance with an embodiment of the present specification. The thickness 631 of MCP 600 is equal to 0.395 inches and the thickness 632 of middle planar section 601 is equal to 0.107 inches in the exemplary embodiment shown in FIG. 6C.



FIG. 6D is a sectional view of the mass connection plate shown in FIG. 6A in accordance with an embodiment of the present specification. As shown in FIG. 6D, the thickness 633 of proximal section 605 is equal to 0.200 inches and the thickness 634 of distal section 610 is equal to 0.088 inches in the above exemplary embodiment.



FIG. 6E is a top plan view of the mass connection plate shown in FIG. 6A in accordance with an embodiment of the present specification. As shown in FIG. 6E, the width 636 of MCP 600 is equal to 1.4 inches in an embodiment.



FIG. 7A is a perspective view of another exemplary mass connection plate in accordance with an embodiment of the present specification. The mass connection plate 700 comprises nine channels or grooves that are configured to receive and hold the electrical connectors. In the middle of the mass connection plate 700 is the large, primary planar surface 701 that comprises a series of hills 703 and valleys 704, each valley being configured to receive a middle portion of the touch-proof connector. The middle planar section 701 comprises the series of hills 703 and valleys 704 along one of its side edge sections. Proximal from the middle planar section 701 is a ledge 705 that comprises a series of u-shaped portions or wells 706, each well matching the position of a valley 704 in the middle planar section 701. Each well 706 is configured to receive a proximal portion of an individual touch-proof connector. Jetting outward from each valley 704 is a keyhole or receiving section 710, smaller than the valley 704, and positioned between the middle planar section 701 and a medical device. Each keyhole/receiving section 710 is configured to receive a distal end of the touch-proof connector.



FIG. 7B is a front elevation view of the mass connection plate shown in FIG. 7A in accordance with an embodiment of the present specification. As shown in FIG. 7B, MCP 700 comprises nine channels or valleys 704 carved into one of its side edge section. In the above exemplary embodiment, the distance between the centers of two adjacent valleys 704 is equal to 0.6 inches and accordingly the total distance 737 from the center of first valley to the center of ninth valley is equal to 4.80 inches. The full length 730 and the width 736 of middle planar section 701 are equal to 5.60 inches and 1.15 inches respectively in the above exemplary embodiment.



FIG. 7C is a top plan view of the mass connection plate shown in FIG. 7A in accordance with an embodiment of the present specification. As shown in FIG. 7C, the thickness 733 of proximal section 705 is equal to 0.20 inches and the thickness 734 of keyhole/receiving section 710 is equal to 0.88 inches in an exemplary embodiment. FIG. 7C depicts a protruding portion 739 which acts as a keying element and prevents any incorrect mating between MCP and medical device. In embodiments, the protruding portion 739 present on MCP 700 is offset from the centerline of the MCP and is configured to enter into a corresponding mating void present on the medical device when the MCP is connected in a correct orientation. In embodiments, the MCP can be engaged with the device in only one specific orientation. In other orientations, the MCP cannot engage with the medical device as the mating void on the medical device would not be aligned to receive the protruding portion 739.


In some embodiments, because the MCP 700 has a symmetrical design, it would be possible to rotate the MCP 700 by 180 degrees and still plug it in the medical device leading to an incorrect connection. Therefore, in some embodiments, the presence of protruding portion 739 prevents any incorrect mating between MCP and medical device. The mass connection plates that are not symmetrical in design do not require a protrusion or protruding portion 739 as these plates will not connect/mate with device in an incorrect orientation.


In an embodiment, the thickness 738 of protruding portion 739 is equal to 0.298 inches.



FIG. 7D is a side elevation view of the mass connection plate shown in FIG. 7A in accordance with an embodiment of the present specification. In FIG. 7D, the thickness 731 of the MCP 700 and the thickness 732 of middle planar section 701 are equal to 0.605 inches and 0.107 inches, respectively, in an exemplary embodiment. The radius 740 of a filleted edge of element 739 and the radius 741 of a filleted edge of middle planar section 701 as depicted in FIG. 7D are equal to 0.050 inches and 0.025 inches respectively, in an exemplary embodiment.



FIG. 8A is a perspective view of another exemplary mass connection plate in accordance with an embodiment of the present specification. The mass connection plate 800 comprises seventeen channels or grooves that are configured to receive and hold the electrical connectors. In the middle of the mass connection plate 800 is the large, primary planar surface 801 that comprises a series of hills 803 and valleys 804, each valley being configured to receive a middle portion of the touch-proof connector. The middle planar section 801 comprises the series of hills 803 and valleys 804 along a first side edge section 801c and a second side edge section 801d. Proximal from the middle planar section 801 is a ledge 805 that comprises a series of u-shaped portions or wells 806, each well matching the position of a valley 804 in the middle planar section 801. Each well 806 is configured to receive a proximal portion of an individual touch-proof connector. Jetting outward from each valley 804 is a keyhole or receiving section 810, smaller than the valley 804, and positioned between the middle planar section 801 and a medical device. Each keyholes/receiving section 810 is configured to receive a distal end of the touch-proof connector.



FIG. 8B is a front elevation view of the mass connection plate shown in FIG. 8A in accordance with an embodiment of the present specification. As shown in FIG. 8B, MCP 800 comprises nine channels or valleys 804 carved into a first side edge section 801c and eight channels or valleys 804 carved into a second side edge section 801d. In above exemplary embodiment, the distance between the centers of two adjacent valleys 804 is equal to 0.6 inches and accordingly the distance 837 from the center of first valley to the center of ninth valley on the first side edge section 801c is equal to 4.80 inches. The distance 842 from the center of first valley to the center of eighth valley on the second side edge section 801d is equal to 4.20 inches. The full length 830 of middle planar section 801 is equal to 6.20 inches in an exemplary embodiment shown in FIG. 8B.



FIG. 8C is a side elevation view of the mass connection plate shown in FIG. 8A in accordance with an embodiment of the present specification. As shown in FIG. 8C, the thickness 833 of proximal section 805 and the thickness 832 of middle planar section 801 are equal to 0.20 inches and 0.107 inches respectively in an exemplary embodiment. The radius 841 of a filleted edge of middle planar section 801 as depicted in FIG. 8C is equal to 0.025 inches in an embodiment.



FIG. 8D is a sectional view of the mass connection plate shown in FIG. 8A in accordance with an embodiment of the present specification. As shown in FIG. 8D, the thickness 831 of MCP 800 is equal to 0.395 inches in an embodiment. The thickness 834 of distal section 810 is equal to 0.088 inches in the same exemplary embodiment shown in FIG. 8D.



FIG. 8E is a bottom plan view of the mass connection plates shown in FIG. 8A in accordance with an embodiment of the present specification. As shown in FIG. 8E, the width 836 of MCP 800 is equal to 1.4 inches in an embodiment.



FIG. 9A is a perspective view of another exemplary mass connection plate in accordance with an embodiment of the present specification. The mass connection plate 900 comprises ten channels or grooves that are configured to receive and hold the electrical connectors. In the middle of the mass connection plate 900 is the large, primary planar surface 901 that comprises a series of hills 903 and valleys 904, each valley being configured to receive a middle portion of a touch-proof connector. The middle planar section 901 comprises the series of hills 903 and valleys 904 along a first side edge section 901c and a second side edge section 901d. Proximal from the middle planar section 901 is a ledge 905 that comprises a series of u-shaped portions or wells 906, each well matching the position of a valley 904 in the middle planar section 901. Each well 906 is adapted to receive a proximal portion of an individual touch-proof connector. Jetting outward from each valley 904 is a keyhole or receiving section 910, smaller than the valley 904, and positioned between the middle planar section 901 and a medical device. Each keyhole/receiving section 910 is adapted to receive a distal end of the touch-proof connector.



FIG. 9B is a front elevation view of the mass connection plate shown in FIG. 9A in accordance with an embodiment of the present specification. As shown in FIG. 9B, MCP 900 comprises five channels or valleys 904 carved into each of the first side edge section 901c and second side edge section 901d. In above exemplary embodiment, the distance between the centers of two adjacent valleys 904 is equal to 0.6 inches and accordingly the distance 937 from the center of first valley to the center of fifth valley on first side edge section 901c is equal to 2.4 inches. The distance 942 from the center of first valley to the center of fifth valley on the second side edge section 901d is also equal to 2.40 inches in an embodiment. The full length 930 of middle planar section 901 is equal to 4.20 inches in the exemplary embodiment shown in FIG. 9B. The radius 943 of a filleted corner 944 of middle planar section 901 is equal to 0.020 inches in an embodiment.



FIG. 9C is a side elevation view of the mass connection plate shown in FIG. 9A in accordance with an embodiment of the present specification. As shown in FIG. 9C, the thickness 933 of proximal section 905 and the thickness 932 of middle planar section 901 are equal to 0.20 inches and 0.107 inches respectively in an exemplary embodiment. The radius 941 of a filleted edge of middle planar section 901 as depicted in FIG. 9C is equal to 0.025 inches in an embodiment.



FIG. 9D is a sectional view of the mass connection plate shown in FIG. 9A in accordance with an embodiment of the present specification. As shown in FIG. 9D, the thickness 931 of MCP 900 is equal to 0.605 inches in an embodiment. FIG. 9D depicts a protruding portion 939 which is used as a keying element to ensure correct mating between MCP and medical device.


In embodiments, the protruding portion 939 present on MCP 900 is offset from the centerline of the MCP and is configured to enter into a corresponding mating void present on the medical device when the MCP is connected in a correct orientation. In embodiments, the MCP 900 can be engaged with the device in only one specific orientation. In other orientations, the MCP 900 cannot engage with the medical device as the mating void on the medical device would not be aligned to receive the protruding portion 939.


In some embodiments, because the MCP 900 has a symmetrical design, it would be possible to rotate the MCP 900 by 180 degrees and still plug it in the medical device leading to an incorrect connection. Therefore, in some embodiments, the presence of protruding portion 939 prevents incorrect mating between MCP and medical device. The mass connection plates that are not symmetrical in design do not require a protrusion or protruding portion 939 as these plates will not connect/mate with device in an incorrect orientation.


In an embodiment, the thickness 938 of the protruding portion 939 is equal to 0.298 inches.



FIG. 9E is a bottom plan view of the mass connection plate shown in FIG. 9A in accordance with an embodiment of the present specification. As shown in FIG. 9E, the width 936 of MCP 900 is equal to 1.4 inches in an exemplary embodiment.


The foregoing is merely illustrative of the principles of the disclosure, and the systems, devices, and methods can be practiced by other than the described embodiments, which are presented for purposes of illustration and not of limitation. It is to be understood that the systems, devices, and methods disclosed herein may be applied to any types of medical procedures for monitoring or treatment of diseases.


Variations and modifications will occur to those of skill in the art after reviewing this disclosure. The disclosed features may be implemented, in any combination and sub-combination (including multiple dependent combinations and sub-combinations), with one or more other features described herein. The various features described or illustrated above, including any components thereof, may be combined or integrated in other systems. Moreover, certain features may be omitted or not implemented.


Examples of changes, substitutions, and alterations are ascertainable by one skilled in the art and could be made without departing from the scope of the information disclosed herein. All references cited herein are incorporated by reference in their entirety and made part of this application.

Claims
  • 1. A method for connecting a plurality of electrical connectors with connection ports of a medical device using a mass connection plate (MCP), the MCP comprising a middle planar section defined by a first plane, a plurality of wells, and a plurality of ledges, each of said plurality of ledges corresponding to one of the plurality of wells and coupled proximally to and extending perpendicularly from the first plane and away from said middle planar section in a first direction, the method comprising: selecting the plurality of electrical connectors to be coupled with corresponding connection ports of the medical device;selecting a MCP to couple the selected plurality of electrical connectors with the medical device;positioning the selected plurality of electrical connectors into one of the plurality of wells and its corresponding one of the plurality of ledges of the selected MCP;placing the selected MCP loaded with the selected plurality of electrical connectors near the connection ports of the medical device;adjusting a positioning of the MCP loaded with the selected plurality of electrical connectors to align each selected plurality of electrical connector with a corresponding connection port of the medical device; andpushing the MCP towards the medical device to concurrently insert the selected plurality of electrical connectors engaged with the MCP into the corresponding connection ports of the medical device in order to establish an electrical connection between the selected plurality of electrical connectors and the medical device.
  • 2. The method of claim 1, wherein selection of the MCP to couple the selected plurality of electrical connectors with the medical device is based on at least one of a type of the selected plurality of electrical connectors, a number of the selected plurality of electrical connectors, or the medical device.
  • 3. The method of claim 2, wherein the type of the selected plurality of electrical connectors is based on one or more of a size or shape of said electrical connectors.
  • 4. The method of claim 1, wherein selection of the MCP to couple the selected plurality of electrical connectors with the medical device is based on at least one of a number of the plurality of wells provided in the MCP or a number of the selected plurality of electrical connectors requiring connection to the medical device.
  • 5. The method of claim 1, wherein positioning the selected plurality of electrical connectors into one or more of the plurality of ledges of the selected MCP comprises positioning a middle portion of each one of the selected plurality of electrical connector within each of the plurality of wells.
  • 6. The method of claim 5, wherein positioning the selected electrical connectors into the selected MCP further comprises positioning a proximal portion of each one of the selected plurality of electrical connectors within each one of a second plurality of wells integrated into the selected MCP.
  • 7. The method of claim 6, wherein positioning the selected plurality of electrical connectors into the selected MCP further comprises positioning a distal portion of each one of the selected plurality of electrical connectors within each one of a plurality of keyholes integrated into the selected MCP.
  • 8. The method of claim 7, wherein positioning a distal portion of each one of the selected plurality of electrical connectors within each of one of the plurality of keyholes further comprises locking each one of said selected plurality of electrical connectors in a fixed position, wherein each one of the plurality of keyholes is configured to lock each one of said selected plurality of electrical connectors in said fixed position.
  • 9. The method of claim 1, wherein positioning the selected plurality of electrical connectors into the selected MCP comprises receiving a proximal portion of each of the selected plurality of electrical connectors in a respective one of a second plurality of wells, wherein each of the first plurality of wells is aligned with one of said second plurality of wells.
  • 10. The method of claim 1, wherein pushing the MCP towards the medical device to insert the selected plurality of electrical connectors engaged with the MCP into the corresponding connection ports of the medical device comprises using a protruding portion coupled to a distal end of the MCP for facilitating a correct connection of the selected MCP with the medical device.
  • 11. The method of claim 1, wherein positioning the selected electrical connectors into said one of the plurality of wells and its corresponding one of the plurality of ledges of the selected MCP is facilitated by prevention of a horizontal movement of a respective one of the selected electrical connectors by the first plane of the middle planar section.
  • 12. The method of claim 1, wherein positioning the selected electrical connectors into said one of the plurality of wells and its corresponding one of the plurality of ledges of the selected MCP is facilitated by prevention of a vertical movement of a respective one of the selected electrical connectors by each of the first plurality of wells in the middle planar section.
  • 13. The method of claim 1, wherein positioning the selected electrical connectors into said one of the plurality of wells and its corresponding one of the plurality of ledges of the selected MCP is facilitated by prevention of a vertical movement of a respective one of the selected electrical connectors by each of the second plurality of wells.
  • 14. The method of claim 1, wherein positioning the selected plurality of electrical connectors into the selected MCP comprises positioning a distal end of each of the selected plurality of electrical connectors into a respective receiving area in a distal section of the selected MCP.
  • 15. The method of claim 1, wherein positioning the selected plurality of electrical connectors into the selected MCP comprises positioning a middle portion of each of the selected plurality of electrical connectors into a respective receiving area in the middle planar section of the selected MCP.
  • 16. The method of claim 1, wherein positioning the selected plurality of electrical connectors into the selected MCP comprises positioning a proximal portion of each of the selected plurality of electrical connectors into a respective receiving area in a proximal section of the selected MCP.
  • 17. The method of claim 1, wherein positioning the selected plurality of electrical connectors into the selected MCP comprises: positioning a middle portion of each one of the selected plurality of electrical connectors within each of the first plurality of wells, positioning a proximal portion of each one of the selected plurality of electrical connectors within each of a second plurality of wells integrated into the selected MCP: and, positioning a distal portion of each one of the selected plurality of electrical connectors within each of a plurality of keyholes integrated into the selected MCP, wherein each of the first plurality of wells has a first length, each of the second plurality of wells has a second length, and each of the keyholes has a third length and, wherein, in combination, the first, second, and third lengths are less than 0.800 inches.
  • 18. The method of claim 1, wherein positioning the selected plurality of electrical connectors into the selected MCP comprises positioning a middle portion of each one of the selected plurality of electrical connectors within each of the first plurality of wells and wherein each one of the first plurality of wells is separated from an adjacent one of the first plurality of wells by a planar surface such that a curved surface of one of the first plurality of wells connects to a curved surface of a second of the first plurality of wells by a flat surface.
  • 19. The method of claim 1, wherein positioning the selected plurality of electrical connectors into the selected MCP comprises positioning a distal end of each one of the selected plurality of electrical connectors into a respective receiving area in a distal section of the MCP and wherein the distal section is coupled proximate to a bottom edge of said middle planar section and extends distally in a direction that is substantially perpendicular to the middle planar section.
  • 20. The method of claim 1, wherein the MCP is a unitary piece produced using an injection molding process.
CROSS-REFERENCE

The present application is a continuation application of U.S. patent application Ser. No. 16/532,739, entitled “Neuromonitoring Connection System” and filed on Aug. 6, 2019, which is a continuation application of U.S. patent application Ser. No. 15/900,718, entitled “Mass Connection Plate for Electrical Connectors”, filed on Feb. 20, 2018, and issued as U.S. Pat. No. 10,418,750 on Sep. 17, 2019, which is a continuation application of U.S. patent application Ser. No. 15/413,051, of the same title, filed on Jan. 23, 2017, and issued as U.S. Pat. No. 9,935,395 on Apr. 3, 2018, all of which are herein incorporated by reference in their entirety.

US Referenced Citations (703)
Number Name Date Kind
751475 Vilbiss Feb 1904 A
972983 Arthur Oct 1910 A
1328624 Graham Jan 1920 A
1477527 Raettig Dec 1923 A
1548184 Cameron Aug 1925 A
1717480 Wappler Jun 1929 A
1842323 Lorand Jan 1932 A
2110735 Marton Mar 1938 A
2320709 Arnesen Jun 1943 A
2516882 Kalom Aug 1950 A
2704064 Fizzell Mar 1955 A
2736002 Oriel Feb 1956 A
2807259 Federico Sep 1957 A
2808826 Reiner Oct 1957 A
2994324 Lemos Aug 1961 A
3035580 Guiorguiev May 1962 A
3057356 Greatbatch Oct 1962 A
3060923 Reiner Oct 1962 A
3087486 Kilpatrick Apr 1963 A
3147750 Fry Sep 1964 A
3188605 Slenker Jun 1965 A
3212496 Preston Oct 1965 A
3219029 Richards Nov 1965 A
3313293 Chesebrough Apr 1967 A
3364929 Ide Jan 1968 A
3580242 La Croix May 1971 A
3611262 Marley Oct 1971 A
3617616 O'Loughlin Nov 1971 A
3641993 Gaarder Feb 1972 A
3646500 Wessely Feb 1972 A
3651812 Samuels Mar 1972 A
3662744 Richardson May 1972 A
3664329 Naylor May 1972 A
3682162 Colyer Aug 1972 A
3703900 Holznagel Nov 1972 A
3718132 Holt Feb 1973 A
3733574 Scoville May 1973 A
3785368 McCarthy Jan 1974 A
3830226 Staub Aug 1974 A
3857398 Rubin Dec 1974 A
3880144 Coursin Apr 1975 A
3933157 Bjurwill Jan 1976 A
3957036 Normann May 1976 A
3960141 Bolduc Jun 1976 A
3985125 Rose Oct 1976 A
4062365 Kameny Dec 1977 A
4088141 Niemi May 1978 A
4099519 Warren Jul 1978 A
4127312 Fleischhacker Nov 1978 A
4141365 Fischell Feb 1979 A
4155353 Rea May 1979 A
4164214 Pelzner Aug 1979 A
4175551 Irnee Nov 1979 A
4177799 Masreliez Dec 1979 A
4184492 Fastenmeier Jan 1980 A
4200104 Harris Apr 1980 A
4204545 Yamakoshi May 1980 A
4207897 Evatt Jun 1980 A
4224949 Scott Sep 1980 A
4226228 Shin Oct 1980 A
4232680 Hudleson Nov 1980 A
4233987 Feingold Nov 1980 A
4235242 Heule Nov 1980 A
4263899 Burgin Apr 1981 A
4265237 Schwanbom May 1981 A
4285347 Hess Aug 1981 A
4291705 Severinghaus Sep 1981 A
4294245 Bussey Oct 1981 A
4295703 Osborne Oct 1981 A
4299230 Kubota Nov 1981 A
4308012 Tamler Dec 1981 A
4331157 Keller, Jr. May 1982 A
4372319 Ichinomiya Feb 1983 A
4373531 Wittkampf Feb 1983 A
4374517 Hagiwara Feb 1983 A
4402323 White Sep 1983 A
4444187 Perlin Apr 1984 A
4461300 Christensen Jul 1984 A
4469098 Davi Sep 1984 A
4483338 Bloom Nov 1984 A
4485823 Yamaguchi Dec 1984 A
4487489 Takamatsu Dec 1984 A
4503842 Takayama Mar 1985 A
4503863 Katims Mar 1985 A
4510939 Brenman Apr 1985 A
4515168 Chester May 1985 A
4517976 Murakoshi May 1985 A
4517983 Toyosu May 1985 A
4519403 Dickhudt May 1985 A
4537198 Corbett Aug 1985 A
4545374 Jacobson Oct 1985 A
4557273 Stoller Dec 1985 A
4558703 Mark Dec 1985 A
4561445 Berke Dec 1985 A
4562832 Wilder Jan 1986 A
4565200 Cosman Jan 1986 A
4570640 Barsa Feb 1986 A
4573448 Kambin Mar 1986 A
4573449 Warnke Mar 1986 A
4576178 Johnson Mar 1986 A
4582063 Mickiewicz Apr 1986 A
4592369 Davis Jun 1986 A
4595018 Rantala Jun 1986 A
4616635 Caspar Oct 1986 A
4616660 Johns Oct 1986 A
4622973 Agarwala Nov 1986 A
4633889 Talalla Jan 1987 A
4641661 Kalarickal Feb 1987 A
4643507 Coldren Feb 1987 A
4658835 Pohndorf Apr 1987 A
4667676 Guinta May 1987 A
4697598 Bernard Oct 1987 A
4697599 Woodley Oct 1987 A
4705049 John Nov 1987 A
4716901 Jackson Jan 1988 A
4739772 Hokanson Apr 1988 A
4744371 Harris May 1988 A
4759377 Dykstra Jul 1988 A
4763666 Strian Aug 1988 A
4765311 Kulik Aug 1988 A
4784150 Voorhies Nov 1988 A
4785812 Pihl Nov 1988 A
4795998 Dunbar Jan 1989 A
4807642 Brown Feb 1989 A
4807643 Rosier Feb 1989 A
4817587 Janese Apr 1989 A
4817628 Zealear Apr 1989 A
4827935 Geddes May 1989 A
4841973 Stecker Jun 1989 A
4844091 Bellak Jul 1989 A
4862891 Smith Sep 1989 A
4892105 Prass Jan 1990 A
4895152 Callaghan Jan 1990 A
4920968 Takase May 1990 A
4926865 Oman May 1990 A
4926880 Claude May 1990 A
4934377 Bova Jun 1990 A
4934378 Perry, Jr. Jun 1990 A
4934957 Bellusci Jun 1990 A
4962766 Herzon Oct 1990 A
4964411 Johnson Oct 1990 A
4964811 Hayes, Sr. Oct 1990 A
4984578 Keppel Jan 1991 A
4998796 Bonanni Mar 1991 A
5007902 Witt Apr 1991 A
5015247 Michelson May 1991 A
5018526 Gaston-Johansson May 1991 A
5020542 Rossmann Jun 1991 A
5024228 Goldstone Jun 1991 A
5058602 Brody Oct 1991 A
5080606 Burkard Jan 1992 A
5081990 Deletis Jan 1992 A
5085226 Deluca Feb 1992 A
5092344 Lee Mar 1992 A
5095905 Klepinski Mar 1992 A
5125406 Goldstone Jun 1992 A
5127403 Brownlee Jul 1992 A
5131389 Giordani Jul 1992 A
5143081 Young Sep 1992 A
5146920 Yuuchi Sep 1992 A
5161533 Prass Nov 1992 A
5163328 Holland Nov 1992 A
5171279 Mathews Dec 1992 A
5190048 Wilkinson Mar 1993 A
5191896 Gafni Mar 1993 A
5195530 Shindel Mar 1993 A
5195532 Schumacher Mar 1993 A
5196015 Neubardt Mar 1993 A
5199899 Ittah Apr 1993 A
5201325 McEwen Apr 1993 A
5215100 Spitz Jun 1993 A
RE34390 Culver Sep 1993 E
5253656 Rincoe Oct 1993 A
5255691 Otten Oct 1993 A
5277197 Church Jan 1994 A
5282468 Klepinski Feb 1994 A
5284153 Raymond Feb 1994 A
5284154 Raymond Feb 1994 A
5292309 Van Tassel Mar 1994 A
5299563 Seton Apr 1994 A
5306236 Blumenfeld Apr 1994 A
5312417 Wilk May 1994 A
5313956 Knutsson May 1994 A
5313962 Obenchain May 1994 A
5327902 Lemmen Jul 1994 A
5333618 Lekhtman Aug 1994 A
5343871 Bittman Sep 1994 A
5347989 Monroe Sep 1994 A
5358423 Burkhard Oct 1994 A
5358514 Schulman Oct 1994 A
5368043 Sunouchi Nov 1994 A
5373317 Salvati Dec 1994 A
5375067 Berchin Dec 1994 A
5377667 Patton Jan 1995 A
5381805 Tuckett Jan 1995 A
5383876 Nardella Jan 1995 A
5389069 Weaver Feb 1995 A
5405365 Hoegnelid Apr 1995 A
5413111 Wilkinson May 1995 A
5454365 Bonutti Oct 1995 A
5470349 Kleditsch Nov 1995 A
5472426 Bonati Dec 1995 A
5474558 Neubardt Dec 1995 A
5480440 Kambin Jan 1996 A
5482038 Ruff Jan 1996 A
5484437 Michelson Jan 1996 A
5485852 Johnson Jan 1996 A
5491299 Naylor Feb 1996 A
5514005 Jaycox May 1996 A
5514165 Malaugh May 1996 A
5522386 Lerner Jun 1996 A
5540235 Wilson Jul 1996 A
5549656 Reiss Aug 1996 A
5560372 Cory Oct 1996 A
5565779 Arakawa Oct 1996 A
5566678 Cadwell Oct 1996 A
5569248 Mathews Oct 1996 A
5575284 Athan Nov 1996 A
5579781 Cooke Dec 1996 A
5591216 Testerman Jan 1997 A
5593429 Ruff Jan 1997 A
5599279 Slotman Feb 1997 A
5601608 Mouchawar Feb 1997 A
5618208 Crouse Apr 1997 A
5620483 Minogue Apr 1997 A
5622515 Hotea Apr 1997 A
5630813 Kieturakis May 1997 A
5634472 Raghuprasad Jun 1997 A
5671752 Sinderby Sep 1997 A
5681265 Maeda Oct 1997 A
5687080 Hoyt Nov 1997 A
5707359 Bufalini Jan 1998 A
5711307 Smits Jan 1998 A
5725514 Grinblat Mar 1998 A
5728046 Mayer Mar 1998 A
5741253 Michelson Apr 1998 A
5741261 Moskovitz Apr 1998 A
5759159 Masreliez Jun 1998 A
5769781 Chappuis Jun 1998 A
5772597 Goldberger Jun 1998 A
5772661 Michelson Jun 1998 A
5775331 Raymond Jul 1998 A
5776144 Leysieffer Jul 1998 A
5779642 Nightengale Jul 1998 A
5785648 Min Jul 1998 A
5785658 Benaron Jul 1998 A
5792044 Foley Aug 1998 A
5795291 Koros Aug 1998 A
5797854 Hedgecock Aug 1998 A
5806522 Katims Sep 1998 A
5814073 Bonutti Sep 1998 A
5830150 Palmer Nov 1998 A
5830151 Hadzic Nov 1998 A
5833714 Loeb Nov 1998 A
5836880 Pratt Nov 1998 A
5851191 Gozani Dec 1998 A
5853373 Griffith Dec 1998 A
5857986 Moriyasu Jan 1999 A
5860829 Hower Jan 1999 A
5860973 Michelson Jan 1999 A
5862314 Jeddeloh Jan 1999 A
5868668 Weiss Feb 1999 A
5872314 Clinton Feb 1999 A
5885210 Cox Mar 1999 A
5885219 Nightengale Mar 1999 A
5888196 Bonutti Mar 1999 A
5891147 Moskovitz Apr 1999 A
5895298 Faupel Apr 1999 A
5902231 Foley May 1999 A
5924984 Rao Jul 1999 A
5928030 Daoud Jul 1999 A
5928139 Koros Jul 1999 A
5928158 Aristides Jul 1999 A
5931777 Sava Aug 1999 A
5944658 Koros Aug 1999 A
5954635 Foley Sep 1999 A
5954716 Sharkey Sep 1999 A
5993385 Johnston Nov 1999 A
5993434 Dev Nov 1999 A
6004262 Putz Dec 1999 A
6004312 Finneran Dec 1999 A
6004341 Zhu Dec 1999 A
6009347 Hofmann Dec 1999 A
6011985 Athan Jan 2000 A
6027456 Feler Feb 2000 A
6029090 Herbst Feb 2000 A
6038469 Karlsson Mar 2000 A
6038477 Kayyali Mar 2000 A
6042540 Johnston Mar 2000 A
6050992 Nichols Apr 2000 A
6074343 Nathanson Jun 2000 A
6077237 Campbell Jun 2000 A
6095987 Shmulewitz Aug 2000 A
6104957 Alo Aug 2000 A
6104960 Duysens Aug 2000 A
6119068 Kannonji Sep 2000 A
6120503 Michelson Sep 2000 A
6126660 Dietz Oct 2000 A
6128576 Nishimoto Oct 2000 A
6132386 Gozani Oct 2000 A
6132387 Gozani Oct 2000 A
6135965 Tumer Oct 2000 A
6139493 Koros Oct 2000 A
6139545 Utley Oct 2000 A
6146334 Laserow Nov 2000 A
6146335 Gozani Nov 2000 A
6152871 Foley Nov 2000 A
6161047 King Dec 2000 A
6181961 Prass Jan 2001 B1
6196969 Bester Mar 2001 B1
6206826 Mathews Mar 2001 B1
6210324 Reno Apr 2001 B1
6214035 Streeter Apr 2001 B1
6224545 Cocchia May 2001 B1
6224549 Drongelen May 2001 B1
6234953 Thomas May 2001 B1
6249706 Sobota Jun 2001 B1
6259945 Epstein Jul 2001 B1
6266558 Gozani Jul 2001 B1
6273905 Streeter Aug 2001 B1
6287322 Zhu Sep 2001 B1
6292701 Prass Sep 2001 B1
6298256 Meyer Oct 2001 B1
6302842 Auerbach Oct 2001 B1
6306100 Prass Oct 2001 B1
6309349 Bertolero Oct 2001 B1
6312392 Herzon Nov 2001 B1
6314324 Lattner Nov 2001 B1
6325764 Griffith Dec 2001 B1
6334068 Hacker Dec 2001 B1
6346078 Ellman Feb 2002 B1
6348058 Melkent Feb 2002 B1
6366813 DiLorenzo Apr 2002 B1
6391005 Lum May 2002 B1
6393325 Mann May 2002 B1
6425859 Foley Jul 2002 B1
6425901 Zhu Jul 2002 B1
6441747 Khair Aug 2002 B1
6450952 Rioux Sep 2002 B1
6451015 Rittman, III Sep 2002 B1
6461352 Morgan Oct 2002 B2
6466817 Kaula Oct 2002 B1
6487446 Hill Nov 2002 B1
6500128 Marino Dec 2002 B2
6500173 Underwood Dec 2002 B2
6500180 Foley Dec 2002 B1
6500210 Sabolich Dec 2002 B1
6507755 Gozani Jan 2003 B1
6511427 Sliwa, Jr. Jan 2003 B1
6535759 Epstein Mar 2003 B1
6543299 Taylor Apr 2003 B2
6546271 Reisfeld Apr 2003 B1
6564078 Marino May 2003 B1
6568961 Liburdi May 2003 B1
6572545 Knobbe Jun 2003 B2
6577236 Harman Jun 2003 B2
6579244 Goodwin Jun 2003 B2
6582441 He Jun 2003 B1
6585638 Yamamoto Jul 2003 B1
6609018 Cory Aug 2003 B2
6618626 West, Jr. Sep 2003 B2
6623500 Cook Sep 2003 B1
6638101 Botelho Oct 2003 B1
6692258 Kurzweil Feb 2004 B1
6712795 Cohen Mar 2004 B1
6719692 Kleffner Apr 2004 B2
6730021 Vassiliades, Jr. May 2004 B2
6770074 Michelson Aug 2004 B2
6805668 Cadwell Oct 2004 B1
6819956 DiLorenzo Nov 2004 B2
6839594 Cohen Jan 2005 B2
6847849 Mamo Jan 2005 B2
6851430 Tsou Feb 2005 B2
6855105 Jackson, III Feb 2005 B2
6870109 Villarreal Mar 2005 B1
6901928 Loubser Jun 2005 B2
6902569 Parmer Jun 2005 B2
6916294 Ayad Jul 2005 B2
6916330 Simonson Jul 2005 B2
6926728 Zucherman Aug 2005 B2
6929606 Ritland Aug 2005 B2
6932816 Phan Aug 2005 B2
6945933 Branch Sep 2005 B2
7024247 Gliner Apr 2006 B2
7072521 Cadwell Jul 2006 B1
7079883 Marino Jul 2006 B2
7089059 Pless Aug 2006 B1
7104965 Jiang Sep 2006 B1
7129836 Lawson Oct 2006 B2
7153279 Ayad Dec 2006 B2
7156686 Sekela Jan 2007 B1
7177677 Kaula Feb 2007 B2
7214197 Prass May 2007 B2
7216001 Hacker May 2007 B2
7230688 Villarreal Jun 2007 B1
7236822 Dobak, III Jun 2007 B2
7258688 Shah Aug 2007 B1
7261688 Smith Aug 2007 B2
7294127 Leung Nov 2007 B2
7306563 Huang Dec 2007 B2
7310546 Prass Dec 2007 B2
7363079 Thacker Apr 2008 B1
7374448 Jepsen May 2008 B2
D574955 Lash Aug 2008 S
7470236 Kelleher Dec 2008 B1
7496407 Odderson Feb 2009 B2
7522953 Kaula Apr 2009 B2
7546993 Walker Jun 2009 B1
7605738 Kuramochi Oct 2009 B2
7664544 Miles Feb 2010 B2
7689292 Hadzic Mar 2010 B2
7713210 Byrd May 2010 B2
D621041 Mao Aug 2010 S
7775974 Buckner Aug 2010 B2
7789695 Radle Sep 2010 B2
7789833 Urbano Sep 2010 B2
7801601 Maschino Sep 2010 B2
7824410 Simonson Nov 2010 B2
7869881 Libbus Jan 2011 B2
7878981 Strother Feb 2011 B2
7914350 Bozich Mar 2011 B1
7963927 Kelleher Jun 2011 B2
7974702 Fain Jul 2011 B1
7983761 Giuntoli Jul 2011 B2
7987001 Teichman Jul 2011 B2
7988688 Webb Aug 2011 B2
7993269 Donofrio Aug 2011 B2
8002770 Swanson Aug 2011 B2
8061014 Smith Nov 2011 B2
8068910 Gerber Nov 2011 B2
8126736 Anderson Feb 2012 B2
8137284 Miles Mar 2012 B2
8147421 Farquhar Apr 2012 B2
8160694 Salmon Apr 2012 B2
8192437 Simonson Jun 2012 B2
8255045 Gharib Aug 2012 B2
8295933 Gerber Oct 2012 B2
D670656 Jepsen Nov 2012 S
8311791 Avisar Nov 2012 B1
8323208 Davis Dec 2012 B2
8343079 Bartol Jan 2013 B2
8374673 Adcox Feb 2013 B2
RE44049 Herzon Mar 2013 E
8419758 Smith Apr 2013 B2
8428733 Carlson Apr 2013 B2
8457734 Libbus Jun 2013 B2
8498717 Lee Jul 2013 B2
8515520 Brunnett Aug 2013 B2
8568312 Cusimano Reaston Oct 2013 B2
8568317 Gharib Oct 2013 B1
8594779 Denison Nov 2013 B2
8647124 Bardsley Feb 2014 B2
8670830 Carlson Mar 2014 B2
8680986 Costantino Mar 2014 B2
8688237 Stanislaus Apr 2014 B2
8695957 Quintania Apr 2014 B2
8740783 Gharib Jun 2014 B2
8753333 Johnson Jun 2014 B2
8764654 Chmiel Jul 2014 B2
8805527 Mumford Aug 2014 B2
8876813 Min Nov 2014 B2
8886280 Kartush Nov 2014 B2
8892259 Bartol Nov 2014 B2
8926509 Magar Jan 2015 B2
8942797 Bartol Jan 2015 B2
8956418 Wasielewski Feb 2015 B2
8958869 Kelleher Feb 2015 B2
8971983 Gilmore Mar 2015 B2
8986301 Wolf Mar 2015 B2
8989855 Murphy Mar 2015 B2
9031658 Chiao May 2015 B2
9037226 Hacker May 2015 B2
9078671 Beale Jul 2015 B2
9084550 Bartol Jul 2015 B1
9084551 Brunnett Jul 2015 B2
9119533 Ghaffari Sep 2015 B2
9121423 Sharpe Sep 2015 B2
9149188 Eng Oct 2015 B2
9155503 Cadwell Oct 2015 B2
9204830 Zand Dec 2015 B2
9247952 Bleich Feb 2016 B2
9295401 Cadwell Mar 2016 B2
9295461 Bojarski Mar 2016 B2
9339332 Srivastava May 2016 B2
9352153 Van Dijk May 2016 B2
9370654 Scheiner Jun 2016 B2
9579503 McKinney Feb 2017 B2
9616233 Shi Apr 2017 B2
9622684 Wybo Apr 2017 B2
9714350 Hwang Jul 2017 B2
9730634 Cadwell Aug 2017 B2
9788905 Avisar Oct 2017 B2
9820768 Gee Nov 2017 B2
9855431 Ternes Jan 2018 B2
9913594 Li Mar 2018 B2
9935395 Jepsen Apr 2018 B1
9999719 Kitchen Jun 2018 B2
10022090 Whitman Jul 2018 B2
10039461 Cadwell Aug 2018 B2
10039915 McFarlin Aug 2018 B2
10092349 Engeberg Oct 2018 B2
10154792 Sakai Dec 2018 B2
10292883 Jepsen May 2019 B2
10342452 Sterrantino Jul 2019 B2
10349862 Sterrantino Jul 2019 B2
10398369 Brown Sep 2019 B2
10418750 Jepsen Sep 2019 B2
10631912 McFarlin Apr 2020 B2
10783801 Beaubien Sep 2020 B1
11177610 Jepsen Nov 2021 B2
11189379 Giataganas Nov 2021 B2
20010031916 Bennett Oct 2001 A1
20010039949 Loubser Nov 2001 A1
20010049524 Morgan Dec 2001 A1
20010056280 Underwood Dec 2001 A1
20020001995 Lin Jan 2002 A1
20020001996 Seki Jan 2002 A1
20020007129 Marino Jan 2002 A1
20020007188 Arambula Jan 2002 A1
20020055295 Itai May 2002 A1
20020065481 Cory May 2002 A1
20020072686 Hoey Jun 2002 A1
20020095080 Cory Jul 2002 A1
20020149384 Reasoner Oct 2002 A1
20020161415 Cohen Oct 2002 A1
20020183647 Gozani Dec 2002 A1
20020193779 Yamazaki Dec 2002 A1
20020193843 Hill Dec 2002 A1
20020194934 Taylor Dec 2002 A1
20030032966 Foley Feb 2003 A1
20030045808 Kaula Mar 2003 A1
20030078618 Fey Apr 2003 A1
20030088185 Prass May 2003 A1
20030105503 Marino Jun 2003 A1
20030171747 Kanehira Sep 2003 A1
20030199191 Ward Oct 2003 A1
20030212335 Huang Nov 2003 A1
20040019370 Gliner Jan 2004 A1
20040034340 Biscup Feb 2004 A1
20040068203 Gellman Apr 2004 A1
20040135528 Yasohara Jul 2004 A1
20040172114 Hadzic Sep 2004 A1
20040199084 Kelleher Oct 2004 A1
20040204628 Rovegno Oct 2004 A1
20040225228 Ferree Nov 2004 A1
20040229495 Negishi Nov 2004 A1
20040230131 Kassab Nov 2004 A1
20040260358 Vaughan Dec 2004 A1
20050004593 Simonson Jan 2005 A1
20050004623 Miles Jan 2005 A1
20050075067 Lawson Apr 2005 A1
20050075578 Gharib Apr 2005 A1
20050080418 Simonson Apr 2005 A1
20050085743 Hacker Apr 2005 A1
20050119660 Bourlion Jun 2005 A1
20050149143 Libbus Jul 2005 A1
20050159659 Sawan Jul 2005 A1
20050182454 Gharib Aug 2005 A1
20050182456 Ziobro Aug 2005 A1
20050215993 Phan Sep 2005 A1
20050256582 Ferree Nov 2005 A1
20050261559 Mumford Nov 2005 A1
20060004424 Loeb Jan 2006 A1
20060009754 Boese Jan 2006 A1
20060025702 Sterrantino Feb 2006 A1
20060025703 Miles Feb 2006 A1
20060052828 Kim Mar 2006 A1
20060069315 Miles Mar 2006 A1
20060085048 Cory Apr 2006 A1
20060085049 Cory Apr 2006 A1
20060122514 Byrd Jun 2006 A1
20060173383 Esteve Aug 2006 A1
20060200023 Melkent Sep 2006 A1
20060241725 Libbus Oct 2006 A1
20060258951 Bleich Nov 2006 A1
20060264777 Drew Nov 2006 A1
20060276702 McGinnis Dec 2006 A1
20060292919 Kruss Dec 2006 A1
20070016097 Farquhar Jan 2007 A1
20070021682 Gharib Jan 2007 A1
20070032841 Urmey Feb 2007 A1
20070049962 Marino Mar 2007 A1
20070097719 Parramon May 2007 A1
20070184422 Takahashi Aug 2007 A1
20070270918 De Bel Nov 2007 A1
20070282217 McGinnis Dec 2007 A1
20080015612 Urmey Jan 2008 A1
20080027507 Bijelic Jan 2008 A1
20080039914 Cory Feb 2008 A1
20080058606 Miles Mar 2008 A1
20080064976 Kelleher Mar 2008 A1
20080065144 Marino Mar 2008 A1
20080065178 Kelleher Mar 2008 A1
20080071191 Kelleher Mar 2008 A1
20080077198 Webb Mar 2008 A1
20080082136 Gaudiani Apr 2008 A1
20080097164 Miles Apr 2008 A1
20080167574 Farquhar Jul 2008 A1
20080183190 Adcox Jul 2008 A1
20080183915 Iima Jul 2008 A1
20080194970 Steers Aug 2008 A1
20080214903 Orbach Sep 2008 A1
20080218393 Kuramochi Sep 2008 A1
20080254672 Dennes Oct 2008 A1
20080269777 Appenrodt Oct 2008 A1
20080281313 Fagin Nov 2008 A1
20080300650 Gerber Dec 2008 A1
20080306348 Kuo Dec 2008 A1
20090018399 Martinelli Jan 2009 A1
20090088660 McMorrow Apr 2009 A1
20090105604 Bertagnoli Apr 2009 A1
20090143797 Smith Jun 2009 A1
20090177112 Gharib Jul 2009 A1
20090182322 Frank Jul 2009 A1
20090197476 Wallace Aug 2009 A1
20090204016 Gharib Aug 2009 A1
20090209879 Kaula Aug 2009 A1
20090221153 Santangelo Sep 2009 A1
20090240117 Chmiel Sep 2009 A1
20090259108 Miles Oct 2009 A1
20090279767 Kukuk Nov 2009 A1
20090281595 King Nov 2009 A1
20090299439 Mire Dec 2009 A1
20100004949 O'Brien Jan 2010 A1
20100036280 Ballegaard Feb 2010 A1
20100036384 Gorek Feb 2010 A1
20100049188 Nelson Feb 2010 A1
20100106011 Byrd Apr 2010 A1
20100152604 Kaula Jun 2010 A1
20100152811 Flaherty Jun 2010 A1
20100152812 Flaherty Jun 2010 A1
20100160731 Giovannini Jun 2010 A1
20100168561 Anderson Jul 2010 A1
20100191311 Scheiner Jul 2010 A1
20100286554 Davis Nov 2010 A1
20100317989 Gharib Dec 2010 A1
20110004207 Wallace Jan 2011 A1
20110028860 Chenaux Feb 2011 A1
20110071418 Stellar Mar 2011 A1
20110082383 Cory Apr 2011 A1
20110160731 Bleich Jun 2011 A1
20110184308 Kaula Jul 2011 A1
20110230734 Fain Sep 2011 A1
20110230782 Bartol Sep 2011 A1
20110245647 Stanislaus Oct 2011 A1
20110270120 McFarlin Nov 2011 A1
20110270121 Johnson Nov 2011 A1
20110295579 Tang Dec 2011 A1
20110313530 Gharib Dec 2011 A1
20120004516 Eng Jan 2012 A1
20120071784 Melkent Mar 2012 A1
20120109000 Kaula May 2012 A1
20120109004 Cadwell May 2012 A1
20120220891 Kaula Aug 2012 A1
20120238893 Farquhar Sep 2012 A1
20120245439 Andre Sep 2012 A1
20120277780 Smith Nov 2012 A1
20120296230 Davis Nov 2012 A1
20130027186 Cinbis Jan 2013 A1
20130030257 Nakata Jan 2013 A1
20130090641 McKinney Apr 2013 A1
20130245722 Ternes Sep 2013 A1
20130261422 Gilmore Oct 2013 A1
20130267874 Marcotte Oct 2013 A1
20140058284 Bartol Feb 2014 A1
20140073985 Sakai Mar 2014 A1
20140074084 Engeberg Mar 2014 A1
20140088463 Wolf Mar 2014 A1
20140121555 Scott May 2014 A1
20140275914 Li Sep 2014 A1
20140275926 Scott Sep 2014 A1
20140288389 Gharib Sep 2014 A1
20140303452 Ghaffari Oct 2014 A1
20150012066 Underwood Jan 2015 A1
20150088029 Wybo Mar 2015 A1
20150088030 Taylor Mar 2015 A1
20150112325 Whitman Apr 2015 A1
20150202395 Fromentin Jul 2015 A1
20150238260 Nau, Jr. Aug 2015 A1
20150250423 Hacker Sep 2015 A1
20150311607 Ding Oct 2015 A1
20150380511 Irsigler Dec 2015 A1
20160000382 Jain Jan 2016 A1
20160015299 Chan Jan 2016 A1
20160038072 Brown Feb 2016 A1
20160038073 Brown Feb 2016 A1
20160038074 Brown Feb 2016 A1
20160135834 Bleich May 2016 A1
20160174861 Cadwell Jun 2016 A1
20160199659 Jiang Jul 2016 A1
20160235999 Nuta Aug 2016 A1
20160262699 Goldstone Sep 2016 A1
20160270679 Mahon Sep 2016 A1
20160287112 McFarlin Oct 2016 A1
20160287861 McFarlin Oct 2016 A1
20160317053 Srivastava Nov 2016 A1
20160339241 Hargrove Nov 2016 A1
20170056643 Herb Mar 2017 A1
20170231508 Edwards Aug 2017 A1
20170273592 Sterrantino Sep 2017 A1
20180345004 McFarlin Dec 2018 A1
20190180637 Mealer Jun 2019 A1
20190350485 Sterrantino Nov 2019 A1
Foreign Referenced Citations (127)
Number Date Country
466451 May 2010 AT
539680 Jan 2012 AT
607977 Mar 1991 AU
2005269287 Feb 2006 AU
2006217448 Aug 2006 AU
2003232111 Oct 2008 AU
2004263152 Aug 2009 AU
2005269287 May 2011 AU
2008236665 Aug 2013 AU
2012318436 Apr 2014 AU
2016244152 Nov 2017 AU
2016244152 Dec 2018 AU
2019201702 Apr 2019 AU
9604655 Dec 1999 BR
0609144 Feb 2010 BR
2144211 May 2005 CA
2229391 Sep 2005 CA
2574845 Feb 2006 CA
2551185 Oct 2007 CA
2662474 Mar 2008 CA
2850784 Apr 2013 CA
2769658 Jan 2016 CA
2981635 Oct 2016 CA
101018585 Aug 2007 CN
100571811 Dec 2009 CN
104066396 Sep 2014 CN
103052424 Dec 2015 CN
104080509 Sep 2017 CN
104717996 Jan 2018 CN
107666939 Feb 2018 CN
111419179 Jul 2020 CN
2753109 Jun 1979 DE
2831313 Feb 1980 DE
8803153 Jun 1988 DE
3821219 Aug 1989 DE
29510204 Aug 1995 DE
19530869 Feb 1997 DE
29908259 Jul 1999 DE
19921279 Nov 2000 DE
19618945 Feb 2003 DE
0161895 Nov 1985 EP
298268 Jan 1989 EP
0719113 Jul 1996 EP
0759307 Feb 1997 EP
0836514 Apr 1998 EP
890341 Jan 1999 EP
972538 Jan 2000 EP
1656883 May 2006 EP
1115338 Aug 2006 EP
1804911 Jul 2007 EP
1534130 Sep 2008 EP
1804911 Jan 2012 EP
2481338 Sep 2012 EP
2763616 Aug 2014 EP
1385417 Apr 2016 EP
1680177 Apr 2017 EP
3277366 Feb 2018 EP
2725489 Sep 2019 ES
73878 Dec 1987 FI
2624373 Jun 1989 FR
2624748 Oct 1995 FR
2796846 Feb 2001 FR
2795624 Sep 2001 FR
2835732 Nov 2004 FR
1534162 Nov 1978 GB
2049431 Dec 1980 GB
2052994 Feb 1981 GB
2452158 Feb 2009 GB
2519302 Apr 2016 GB
1221615 Jul 1990 IT
H0723964 Jan 1995 JP
2000028717 Jan 2000 JP
3188437 Jul 2001 JP
2000590531 Aug 2003 JP
2003524452 Aug 2003 JP
2004522497 Jul 2004 JP
2008508049 Mar 2008 JP
4295086 Jul 2009 JP
4773377 Sep 2011 JP
4854900 Jan 2012 JP
4987709 Jul 2012 JP
5132310 Jan 2013 JP
2014117328 Jun 2014 JP
2014533135 Dec 2014 JP
6145916 Jun 2017 JP
2018514258 Jun 2018 JP
2018514258 May 2019 JP
6749338 Sep 2020 JP
100632980 Oct 2006 KR
1020070106675 Nov 2007 KR
100877229 Jan 2009 KR
20140074973 Jun 2014 KR
1020170133499 Dec 2017 KR
102092583 Mar 2020 KR
1020200033979 Mar 2020 KR
541889 Apr 2010 NZ
467561 Aug 1992 SE
508357 Sep 1998 SE
1999037359 Jul 1999 WO
2000038574 Jul 2000 WO
2000066217 Nov 2000 WO
2001037728 May 2001 WO
2001078831 Oct 2001 WO
2001087154 Nov 2001 WO
2001093748 Dec 2001 WO
2002082982 Oct 2002 WO
2003005887 Jan 2003 WO
2003034922 May 2003 WO
2003094744 Nov 2003 WO
2004064632 Aug 2004 WO
2005030318 Apr 2005 WO
2006015069 Feb 2006 WO
2006026482 Mar 2006 WO
2006042241 Apr 2006 WO
2006113394 Oct 2006 WO
2008002917 Jan 2008 WO
2008005843 Jan 2008 WO
2008097407 Aug 2008 WO
2009051965 Apr 2009 WO
2010090835 Aug 2010 WO
2011014598 Feb 2011 WO
2011150502 Dec 2011 WO
2013019757 Feb 2013 WO
2013052815 Apr 2013 WO
2013151770 Oct 2013 WO
2015069962 May 2015 WO
2016160477 Oct 2016 WO
Non-Patent Literature Citations (56)
Entry
Calancie, et. al., “Threshold-level repetitive transcranial electrical stimulation for intraoperative monitoring of central motor conduction”, J. Neurosurg 95:161-168 (2001).
Deletis et al., “The role of intraoperative neurophysiology in the protection or documentation of surgically induced injury to the spinal cord”, Correspondence Address: Hyman Newman Institute for Neurology & Neurosurgery, Beth Israel Medical Center, 170 East End Ave., Room 311, NY 10128.
Calancie, et. al., Stimulus-Evoked EMG Monitoring During Transpedicular Lumbosacral Spine Instrumentation, Initial Clinical Results, 19 (24):2780-2786 (1994).
Lenke, et. al., “Triggered Electromyographic Threshold for Accuracy of Pedicle Screw Placement, An Animal Model and Clinical Correlation”, 20 (14):1585-1591 (1995).
Raymond, et. al., “The NerveSeeker: A System for Automated Nerve Localization”, Regional Anesthesia 17:151-162 (1992).
Hinrichs, et al., “A trend-detection algorithm for intraoperative EEG monitoring”, Med. Eng. Phys. 18 (8):626-631 (1996).
Raymond J. Gardocki, MD, “Tubular diskectomy minimizes collateral damage”, AAOS Now, Sep. 2009 Issue, http://www.aaos.org/news/aaosnow/sep09/clinical12.asp.
Butterworth et. al., “Effects of Halothane and Enflurane on Firing Threshold of Frog Myelinated Axon”, Journal of Physiology 411:493-516, (1989) From the Anesthesia Research Labs, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, 75 Francis St., Boston, MA 02115, jp.physoc.org.
Rose et al., “Persistently Electrified Pedicle Stimulation Instruments in Spinal Instrumentation: Technique and Protocol Development”, Spine: 22(3): 334-343 (1997).
Minahan, et. al., “The Effect of Neuromuscular Blockade on Pedicle Screw Stimulation Thresholds” 25(19):2526-2530 (2000).
Lomanto et al., “7th World Congress of Endoscopic Surgery” Singapore, Jun. 1-4, 2000 Monduzzi Editore S.p.A.; email: monduzzi@monduzzi.com, pp. 97-103 and 105-111.
H.M. Mayer, “Minimally Invasive Spine Surgery, A Surgical Manual”, Chapter 12, pp. 117-131 (2000).
Holland, et al., “Continuous Electromyographic Monitoring to Detect Nerve Root Injury During Thoracolumbar Scoliosis Surgery”, 22 (21):2547-2550 (1997), Lippincott-Raven Publishers.
Bergey et al., “Endoscopic Lateral Transpsoas Approach to the Lumbar Spine”, SPINE 29 (15):1681-1688 (2004).
Holland, “Spine Update, Intraoperative Electromyography During Thoracolumbar Spinal Surgery”, 23 (17):1915-1922 (1998).
Dezawa et al., “Retroperitoneal Laparoscopic Lateral Approach to the Lumbar Spine: A New Approach, Technique, and Clinical Trial”, Journal of Spinal Disorders 13(2):138-143 (2000).
Greenblatt, et. al., “Needle Nerve Stimulator-Locator”, 41 (5):599-602 (1962).
Goldstein, et. al., “Minimally Invasive Endoscopic Surgery of the Lumbar Spine”, Operative Techniques in Orthopaedics, 7 (1):27-35 (1997).
Epstein, et al., “Evaluation of Intraoperative Somatosensory-Evoked Potential Monitoring During 100 Cervical Operations”, 18(6):737-747 (1993), J.B. Lippincott Company.
Glassman, et. al., “A Prospective Analysis of Intraoperative Electromyographic Monitoring of Pedicle Screw Placement with Computed Tomographic Scan Confirmation”, 20(12):1375-1379.
Reidy, et. al., “Evaluation of electromyographic monitoring during insertion of thoracic pedicle screws”, British Editorial Society of Bone and Joint Surgery 83 (7):1009-1014, (2001).
Dickman, et al., “Techniques in Neurosurgery”, National Library of Medicine, 3 (4) 301-307 (1997).
Michael R. Isley, et. al., “Recent Advances in Intraoperative Neuromonitoring of Spinal Cord Function: Pedicle Screw Stimulation Techniques”, Am. J. End Technol. 37:93-126 (1997).
Bertagnoli, et. al., “The AnteroLateral transPsoatic Approach (ALPA), A New Technique for Implanting Prosthetic Disc-Nucleus Devices”, 16 (4):398-404 (2003).
Mathews et al., “Laparoscopic Discectomy With Anterior Lumbar Interbody Fusion, A Preliminary Review”, 20 (16):1797-1802, (1995), Lippincott-Raven Publishers.
MaGuire, et. al., “Evaluation of Intrapedicular Screw Position Using Intraoperative Evoked Electromyography”, 20 (9):1068-1074 (1995).
Pimenta et. al., “Implante de prótese de núcleo pulposo: análise inicial”, J Bras Neurocirurg 12 (2):93-96, (2001).
Kossmann, et. al., “Minimally Invasive Vertebral Replacement with Cages in Thoracic and Lumbar Spine”, European Journal of Trauma, 2001, No. 6, pp. 292-300.
Kossmann et al., “The use of a retractor system (SynFrame) for open, minimal invasive reconstruction of the anterior column of the thoracic and lumbar spine”, 10:396-402 (2001).
Kevin T. Foley, et. al., “Microendoscipic Discectomy” Techniques in Neurosurgery, 3:(4):301-307, © 1997 Lippincott-Raven Publishers, Philadelphia.
Hovey, A Guide to Motor Nerve Monitoring, pp. 1-31 Mar. 20, 1998, The Magstim Company Limited.
Danesh-Clough, et. al., “The Use of Evoked EMG in Detecting Misplaced Thoracolumbar Pedicle Screws”, 26(12):1313-1316 (2001).
Clements, et. al., “Evoked and Spontaneous Electromyography to Evaluate Lumbosacral Pedicle Screw Placement”, 21 (5):600-604 (1996).
Aage R. Møller, “Intraoperative Neurophysiologic Monitoring”, University of Pittsburgh, School of Medicine Pennsylvania, © 1995 by Harwood Academic Publishers GmbH.
Calancie, et. al., “Threshold-level multipulse transcranial electrical stimulation of motor cortex for intraoperative monitoring of spinal motor tracts: description of method and comparison to somatosensory evoked potential monitoring” J Neurosurg 88:457-470 (1998).
Urmey “Using the nerve stimulator for peripheral or plexus nerve blocks” Minerva Anesthesiology 2006; 72:467-71.
Digitimer Ltd., 37 Hydeway, Welwyn Garden City, Hertfordshire. AL7 3BE England, email:sales@digitimer.com, website: www.digitimer.com, “Constant Current High Voltage Stimulator, Model DS7A, for Percutaneous Stimulation of Nerve and Muscle Tissue”.
Carl T. Brighton, “Clinical Orthopaedics and Related Research”, Clinical Orthopaedics and related research No. 384, pp. 82-100 (2001).
Teresa Riordan “Patents; A businessman invents a device to give laparoscopic surgeons a better view of their work”, New York Times www.nytimes.com/2004/29/business/patents-businessman-invents-device-give-la (Mar. 2004).
Bose, et. al., “Neurophysiologic Monitoring of Spinal Nerve Root Function During Instrumented Posterior Lumbar Spine Surgery”, 27 (13):1440-1450 (2002).
Chapter 9, “Root Finding and Nonlinear Sets of Equations”, Chapter 9:350-354, http://www.nr.com.
Welch, et. al., “Evaluation with evoked and spontaneous electromyography during lumbar instrumentation: a prospective study”, J Neurosurg 87:397-402, (1997).
Medtronic, “Nerve Integrity Monitor, Intraoperative EMG Monitor, User's Guide”, Medtronic Xomed U.K. Ltd., Unit 5, West Point Row, Great Park Road, Almondsbury, Bristol B5324QG, England, pp. 1-39.
Ford et al., Electrical characteristics of peripheral nerve stimulators, implications for nerve localization, Dept. of Anesthesia, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH 45267, pp. 73-77.
Zouridakis, et. al., “A Concise Guide to Intraoperative Monitoring”, Library of Congress card No. 00-046750, Chapter 3, p. 21, chapter 4, p. 58 and chapter 7 pp. 119-120.
Toleikis, et. al., “The usefulness of Electrical Stimulation for Assessing Pedicle Screw Placements”, Journal of Spinal Disorders, 13 (4):283-289 (2000).
U.Schick, et. al., “Microendoscopic lumbar discectomy versus open surgery: an intraoperative EMG study”, pp. 20-26, Published online: Jul. 31, 2001 © Springer-Verlag 2001.
Vaccaro, et. al., “Principles and Practice of Spine Surgery”, Mosby, Inc. © 2003, Chapter 21, pp. 275-281.
Vincent C. Traynelis, “Spinal arthroplasty”, Neurosurg Focus 13 (2):1-7. Article 10, (2002).
Cadwell et al. “Electrophysiologic Equipment and Electrical Safety” Chapter 2, Electrodiagnosis in Clinical Neurology, Fourth Edition; Churchill Livingstone, p. 15, 30-31; 1999.
Ott, “Noise Reduction Techniques in Electronic Systems” Second Edition; John Wiley & Sons, p. 62, 1988.
Stecker et al. “Strategies for minimizing 60 Hz pickup during evoked potential recording”, Electroencephalography and clinical Neurophysiology 100 (1996) 370-373.
Wood et al. “Comparative analysis of power-line interference between two- or three-electrode biopotential amplifiers” Biomedical Engineering, Med. & Biol. Eng. & Comput., 1995, 33, 63-68.
Review of section 510(k) premarket notification for “K013215: NuVasive NeuroVision JJB System”, Department of Health and Human Services, FDA, Oct. 16, 2001.
International Search Report for PCT/US2005/026692, dated Nov. 16, 2005.
International Search Report for PCT/US2016/023903, dated Sep. 6, 2016.
Related Publications (1)
Number Date Country
20220109269 A1 Apr 2022 US
Continuations (3)
Number Date Country
Parent 16532739 Aug 2019 US
Child 17451043 US
Parent 15900718 Feb 2018 US
Child 16532739 US
Parent 15413051 Jan 2017 US
Child 15900718 US