Patent Grant
11089495
The subject matter described herein relates to testing radio access network devices, such as g-nodeBs (gNBs). More particularly, the subject matter described herein relates to emulating band-limited RF and numerology-capable UEs in wideband networks and using the emulated UEs to test radio access network devices.
In wideband networks, such as 5G mobile networks, the available frequency band for communication is extended from 20 MHz used in long term evolution (LTE) networks to 400 MHz used in 5G networks, which can be aggregated to 800 MHz. To prevent UEs from having to search and use the entire 400 MHz bandwidth for radio signals intended for the UEs from the network, 5G has defined the notion of a bandwidth part (BWP) where each UE is assigned a maximum of 4 bandwidth parts per downlink timeslot. The bandwidth parts define frequency ranges allocated to the UE during each timeslot. Only one bandwidth part is active at a given time. As a result, the UE is only expected to examine a portion of the overall 5G bandwidth when detecting signals transmitted from the network.
The bandwidth parts assigned to the UE change over time. For example, a UE may advertise its bandwidth capabilities and current needs to the gNB at an initial time. The gNB may then assign bandwidth parts to the UE based on the advertised capabilities and needs. The UE may subsequently change its capabilities or needs and advertise the updated capabilities or needs to the gNB. The gNB may subsequently change the allocation of bandwidth parts to the UE. It is desirable to be able to test the response of the radio access network node, such as a gNB, to UEs with different bandwidth part needs and capabilities.
In addition to bandwidth parts, 5G network standards define the concept of numerology, where numerology defines the spacing between subcarriers and the length of each timeslot. In LTE networks, there is only one type of subcarrier spacing and that spacing is 15 kHz between subcarriers. In new radio (NR) or 5G networks, subcarrier spacings can vary with numerology, which defines different values for subcarrier spacing and timeslot lengths. Table 1 shown below illustrates different numerology values and corresponding subcarrier spacings and cyclic prefix types.
In Table 1 the values of μ in the first column are referred to as numerology values. Thus, μ=0 is referred to as numerology zero, μ=1 is referred to as numerology 1, etc. It can be seen that for different values of μ, the subcarrier spacing is equal to 2μ times 15 kHz. Stated differently, for increasing values of μ, the subcarrier spacing doubles from the previous subcarrier spacing. Current test systems designed for 3G and 4G networks are incapable of testing different UE numerologies because 3G and 4G networks only have a single subcarrier spacing.
Accordingly, in light of these and other difficulties, there exists a need for methods, systems, and computer readable media for testing radio access network nodes by emulating band-limited RF and numerology-capable UEs in a wideband network.
The subject matter described herein includes methods, systems, and computer readable media for testing radio access network nodes by emulating band-limited RF and numerology-capable in wideband networks. One method includes storing, in a database, UE bandwidth and numerology capability profiles for modeling UEs with different bandwidth and numerology capabilities. The method further includes emulating UEs with different bandwidth and numerology capabilities by communicating the bandwidth and numerology capability profiles from the database to a radio access network node under test. The method further includes receiving, from the radio access network node under test, bandwidth part and numerology assignments for emulated UEs. The method further includes validating the UE bandwidth part and numerology assignments.
According to another aspect of the subject matter described herein, storing the bandwidth and numerology capability profiles includes storing different bandwidth and numerology capability profiles for different emulated UEs.
According to yet another aspect of the subject matter described herein, storing the different bandwidth and numerology capability profiles includes a bandwidth and numerology capability profile for a single emulated UE or a group of UEs or multiple groups of UE's in which the bandwidth capability of the emulated UE or group of UEs or multiple groups of UE's changes with time.
According to yet another aspect of the subject matter described herein, validating the UE bandwidth and numerology assignments includes comparing the assignments to bandwidth capabilities communicated to the radio access network node under test.
According to yet another aspect of the subject matter described herein, the method includes receiving bandwidth part grants from the radio access network node under test and validating the grants.
According to yet another aspect of the subject matter described herein, validating the grants includes decoding downlink control information in downlink signals received from the radio access network node under test, identifying bandwidth parts and assigned to the emulated UEs, and determining whether the bandwidth parts identified from the downlink control information correspond to the UE bandwidth assignments.
According to yet another aspect of the subject matter described herein, the method includes analyzing downlink signals to determine whether downlink control information is transmitted outside of allocated bandwidth parts.
According to yet another aspect of the subject matter described herein, the method includes identifying a set of bandwidth parts assigned to an emulated UE for a downlink and uplink timeslot, identifying an active bandwidth part for the downlink and uplink timeslot, detecting switching of the active bandwidth part for a subsequent downlink and uplink timeslot, and generating an indication of the switching of the active bandwidth part.
According to yet another aspect of the subject matter described herein, emulating UEs with different bandwidth part and numerology capabilities includes emulating plural UEs with different numerology capabilities.
According to yet another aspect of the subject matter described herein, the radio access network node under test comprises a g-node B (gNB).
According to yet another aspect of the subject matter described herein, a system for testing a radio access network node using emulated UEs with varying bandwidth and numerology capabilities includes a radio access network node test device including at least one processor and a memory. The system further includes a database of emulated UE bandwidth and numerology capability profiles stored in the memory for modeling UEs with different bandwidth and numerology capabilities. The system further includes a multi-UE bandwidth and numerology capability emulator implemented by the at least one processor for emulating plural UEs with different bandwidth part and numerology capabilities by communicating, over an uplink interface, the bandwidth and numerology capability profiles to a radio access network node under test, receiving, over a downlink interface, UE bandwidth part and numerology assignments from the radio access network node under test, and validating the UE bandwidth part and numerology assignments with respect to the bandwidth and numerology capabilities communicated to the radio access network node under test.
According to yet another aspect of the subject matter described herein, the database is configured to store different bandwidth and numerology capability profiles for different emulated UEs.
According to yet another aspect of the subject matter described herein, the database is configured to store a bandwidth and numerology capability profile for a single emulated UE or a group of UEs or multiple groups of UE's in which the bandwidth capability of the emulated UE or group of UEs or multiple groups of UE's changes with time and the multi-UE bandwidth and numerology capability emulator is configured to use the stored profile to emulate a single UE or group of UEs having a bandwidth capability that changes with time.
According to yet another aspect of the subject matter described herein, validating the UE bandwidth and numerology assignments includes comparing the assignments to bandwidth capabilities communicated to the radio access network node under test.
According to yet another aspect of the subject matter described herein, the multi-UE bandwidth and numerology capability emulator is configured to receive bandwidth part grants from the radio access network node under test and validate the grants.
According to yet another aspect of the subject matter described herein, the multi-UE bandwidth and numerology capability emulator is configured to decode downlink control information in downlink signals received from the radio access network node under test, identify bandwidth parts and assigned to the emulated UEs, and determine whether the bandwidth parts identified from the downlink control information correspond to the UE bandwidth assignments.
According to yet another aspect of the subject matter described herein, the multi-UE bandwidth and numerology capability emulator is configured to analyze downlink signals to determine whether downlink control information is transmitted outside of allocated bandwidth parts.
According to yet another aspect of the subject matter described herein, the multi-UE bandwidth and numerology capability emulator is configured to identify a set of bandwidth parts assigned to an emulated UE for a downlink and uplink timeslot, identify an active bandwidth part for the downlink and uplink timeslot, detect switching of the active bandwidth part for a subsequent timeslot, and generate an indication of the switching of the active bandwidth part.
According to yet another aspect of the subject matter described herein, the multi-UE bandwidth and numerology capability emulator is configured to emulate plural UEs with different numerology capabilities.
According to yet another aspect of the subject matter described herein, a non-transitory computer readable medium having stored thereon executable instructions that when executed by the processor of a computer control the computer to perform steps is provided. The steps include storing, in a database, emulated UE bandwidth and numerology capability profiles in memory for modeling UEs with different bandwidth and numerology capabilities. The steps further include emulating plural UEs with different bandwidth part and numerology capabilities by communicating, over an uplink interface, the bandwidth and numerology capability profiles to a radio access network node under test. The steps further include receiving, over a downlink interface and from the radio access network node under test, UE bandwidth part and numerology assignments. The steps further include validating the UE bandwidth part and numerology assignments with respect to the bandwidth and numerology capabilities communicated to the radio access network node under test.
The subject matter described herein may be implemented in software in combination with hardware and/or firmware. For example, the subject matter described herein may be implemented in software executed by a processor. In one example implementation, the subject matter described herein may be implemented using a computer readable medium having stored thereon computer executable instructions that when executed by the processor of a computer control the computer to perform steps. Example computer readable media suitable for implementing the subject matter described herein include non-transitory devices, such as disk memory devices, chip memory devices, programmable logic devices, and application specific integrated circuits. In addition, a computer readable medium that implements the subject matter described herein may be located on a single device or computing platform or may be distributed across multiple devices or computing platforms.
The subject matter described herein relates to methods, systems, and computer readable media for testing a radio access network node by emulating UEs with different bandwidth and numerology capabilities in a wideband network.
Steps 114-122 in
In Table 2, the first column represents groups of emulated UEs. The second column represents the bandwidth capability of the UEs. The bandwidth capability defines the frequency bandwidth that each emulated UE or group of emulated UEs is capable of using for transmission and reception. For example, a bandwidth capability of 30 may indicate that the emulated UEs are capable of transmitting and receiving in units of 30 MHz of carrier bandwidth. The third column represents a duration of time that the bandwidth capabilities in the first column will be emulated. For example, the time of 50 and the bandwidth capability of 30 in the first row of Table 2 indicates that for UEs 1 through 5, a bandwidth capability of 30 MHz will be emulated for 50 timeslots. The fourth column represents a new bandwidth capability that will be modeled by the emulated UEs. The fifth column represents a time or duration for the bandwidth capabilities in the third column. Continuing with the model for UEs 1 through 5, after the fifth timeslot, the bandwidth capability of UEs 1 through 5 will change to 100 MHz and will remain at 100 MHz for 60 timeslots. The sixth column represents a subsequent change in the bandwidth capabilities of the modeled UEs. The seventh column represents a time or duration for the bandwidth capabilities in the sixth column. For UEs 1 through 5, after the eleventh timeslot, the bandwidth capabilities will change to 10 MHz and remain at 10 MHz for 70 timeslots. Thus, each row in the table represents a bandwidth capability profile that may be modeled by emulated UEs where the bandwidth capability profile changes over time.
In addition to changing the bandwidth capability profile, the numerology for each UE may change over time. For example, an emulated UE may change its numerology over time as the UE's needs change. Referring again to Table 1, a UE may initially operate at numerology 0, corresponding to a subcarrier spacing of 15 kHz. If the UE's communication needs subsequently change, the UE may change its numerology to numerology 1, which corresponds to a subcarrier spacing of 30 kHz. Multi-UE and bandwidth part numerology capability emulator 108 may be capable of emulating UEs that operate at different numerologies and that change in numerology over time.
Returning to
Once DUT 102 receives notification of UE bandwidth and numerology capabilities, DUT 102 sends bandwidth part and numerology assignments for each emulated UE in a radio resource control (RRC) config message. As indicated above, an emulated UE may include up to 4 downlink bandwidth parts. After receiving the RRC config message, multi-UE bandwidth and numerology capability emulator 108 sets the configured bandwidth parts and numerology capabilities for each UE in step 118.
In step 120, multi-UE bandwidth and numerology capability emulator 108 validates bandwidth part and numerology assignments. Validating bandwidth part and numerology assignments may include determining whether the bandwidth parts assigned by DUT 102 correspond to the bandwidth part and numerology capabilities communicated to DUT 102 by multi-UE bandwidth part and numerology capability emulator 108 for a given UE. Such validation may be performed by comparing the bandwidth part and numerology assignments received in the RRC config message to the bandwidth part and numerology capabilities communicated to DUT 102 in the initial UE capability advertisement message in step 114 or the UE capability update message in step 120. If the assigned bandwidth parts and numerologies match the advertised or requested capabilities, multi-UE bandwidth part and numerology capability emulator 108 may indicate that the bandwidth part and numerology assignments were successfully validated. If the assigned bandwidth parts and/or numerologies do not match the advertised capabilities, multi-UE bandwidth part and numerology capability emulator 108 may indicate that the bandwidth part and numerology assignments were not successfully validated.
In step 122, multi-UE bandwidth and numerology capability emulator 108 receives downlink and uplink bandwidth part grants and validates the grants against the bandwidth part and numerology assignments. Multi-UE bandwidth and numerology capability emulator 108 may identify bandwidth grants from downlink control information (DCI) received from DUT 102. The downlink control information can be decoded from the downlink signal received from DUT 102 to identify the bandwidth parts and numerologies assigned to each UE. If the grants match the advertised capabilities, multi-UE bandwidth part and numerology capability emulator 108 may indicate successful validation of the grants. If the bandwidth part and numerology grants do not match the advertised capabilities, multi-UE bandwidth part and numerology capability emulator 108 may indicate unsuccessful validation of the bandwidth part and numerology grants.
As stated above, and as illustrated in Table 2, the bandwidth capability of an emulated UE may vary over time. Such an emulated capability may be desirable to emulate the behavior of real UEs that decrease bandwidth utilization to conserve battery life. For example, a UE may decrease its bandwidth capability from 50 to 25 MHz and communicate this capability to DUT 102. If DUT 102 is operating properly, DUT 102 will decrease the width of the bandwidth parts allocated to the UE to correspond to the newly advertised bandwidth capability.
In order to emulate a UE that decreases its power utilization, multi-UE bandwidth part and numerology capability emulator 108 may transmit a UE capability update message to DUT 102. In this example, it is assumed that the UE capability update message indicates that the emulated UE from
In yet another example, multi-UE bandwidth part and numerology capability emulator 108 may scan all of the resource blocks in a given timeslot to determine whether the downlink control information appears in one of the assigned bandwidth parts assigned to a given UE. For example, referring to
According to another aspect of the subject matter described herein, multi-UE bandwidth and numerology capability emulator 108 may identify a set of bandwidth parts assigned to an emulated UE for a downlink timeslot, identify an active bandwidth part for the downlink timeslot, detect switching of the active bandwidth part for a subsequent downlink timeslot, and generate an indication of the switching of the active bandwidth part. For example, referring to
According to another aspect of the subject matter described herein, multi-UE bandwidth and numerology capability emulator 108 may identify a set of bandwidth parts assigned to an emulated UE for an uplink timeslot, identify an active bandwidth part for the uplink timeslot, detect switching of the active bandwidth part for a subsequent uplink timeslot, and generate an indication of the switching of the active bandwidth part. For example, referring to
According to another aspect of the subject matter described herein, multi-UE bandwidth and numerology capability emulator 108 may emulate UEs with different numerologies.
In step 502, UEs with different bandwidth and numerology capabilities are emulated by communicating the bandwidth and numerology capability profiles to a radio access network node under test. For example, multi-UE bandwidth and numerology capability emulator 108 may communicate, over an uplink interface or channel, bandwidth and numerology capabilities to DUT 102 using capability and capability update messages transmitted from multi-UE bandwidth and numerology capability emulator 108 to DUT 102.
In step 504, UE bandwidth part and numerology assignments are received from the radio access network node under test. For example, multi-UE bandwidth and numerology capability emulator 108 may receive an RRC config message from DUT 102 that contains bandwidth parts and numerology assignments.
In step 506, emulated UEs are configured according to the bandwidth part and numerology assignments received from the radio access network node under test. For example, multi-UE bandwidth and numerology capability emulator 108 may configure each emulated UE to monitor data in the bandwidth parts and with subcarrier spacings corresponding to the bandwidth part and numerology assignments received from DUT 102.
In step 508, UE bandwidth part assignments are validated. For example, multi-UE bandwidth and numerology capability emulator 108 may determine whether the requested bandwidth and numerology assignments correspond to those communicated to DUT 102.
In step 510, bandwidth part grants are received from the device under test. For example, multi-UE bandwidth part and numerology capability emulator 108 may receive bandwidth grants for emulated UEs in each timeslot of downlink communications from DUT 102. The grants are communicated to multi-UE and numerology capability emulator 108 in downlink control information received from DUT 102. Multi-UE bandwidth part and numerology capability emulator 108 may decode the downlink control information to identify the bandwidth parts and numerologies granted to each emulated UE. Decoding the downlink control information may include using the radio network terminal identifiers (RNTIs) of the emulated UEs to decode the downlink signal and identify the control information for each emulated UE. The downlink control information specifies the allocation of bandwidth parts for each emulated UE.
In step 512, the bandwidth grants are validated against the bandwidth part assignments. For example, multi-UE bandwidth and numerology capability emulator 108 may determine whether the received bandwidth grants identified by the downlink control information correspond to the assigned bandwidth parts received in the RRC config message.
In step 514, test results are output to the user. The test results may indicate whether the gNB under test properly scheduled downlink and uplink grants according to bandwidth and numerology capabilities communicated to DUT 102 for each emulated UE.
It will be understood that various details of the subject matter described herein may be changed without departing from the scope of the subject matter described herein. Furthermore, the foregoing description is for the purpose of illustration only, and not for the purpose of limitation, as the subject matter described herein is defined by the claims as set forth hereinafter.
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| Number | Date | Country | |
|---|---|---|---|
| 20210014709 A1 | Jan 2021 | US |
