A portion of the disclosure of this patent document and its attachments contain material which is subject to copyright protection. The copyright owner has no objection to the facsimile reproduction by anyone of the patent document or the patent disclosure, as it appears in the Patent and Trademark Office patent files or records, but otherwise reserves all copyrights whatsoever.
Exemplary embodiments generally relate to work orders and work force management to resolve the work orders.
Efficient deployment of work forces is desired. Small businesses to large corporations strive to quickly resolve customer issues without incurring excessive labor costs. Accurate prediction of work force needs may thus help reduce labor and equipment costs.
These and other features, aspects, and advantages of the exemplary embodiments are better understood when the following Detailed Description is read with reference to the accompanying drawings, wherein:
The exemplary embodiments will now be described more fully hereinafter with reference to the accompanying drawings. The exemplary embodiments may, however, be embodied in many different forms and should not be construed as limited to the embodiments set forth herein. These embodiments are provided so that this disclosure will be thorough and complete and will fully convey the exemplary embodiments to those of ordinary skill in the art. Moreover, all statements herein reciting embodiments, as well as specific examples thereof, are intended to encompass both structural and functional equivalents thereof. Additionally, it is intended that such equivalents include both currently known equivalents as well as equivalents developed in the future (i.e., any elements developed that perform the same function, regardless of structure).
Thus, for example, it will be appreciated by those of ordinary skill in the art that the diagrams, schematics, illustrations, and the like represent conceptual views or processes illustrating the exemplary embodiments. The functions of the various elements shown in the figures may be provided through the use of dedicated hardware as well as hardware capable of executing associated software. Those of ordinary skill in the art further understand that the exemplary hardware, software, processes, methods, and/or operating systems described herein are for illustrative purposes and, thus, are not intended to be limited to any particular named manufacturer.
As used herein, the singular forms “a,” “an,” and “the” are intended to include the plural forms as well, unless expressly stated otherwise. It will be further understood that the terms “includes,” “comprises,” “including,” and/or “comprising,” when used in this specification, specify the presence of stated features, integers, steps, operations, elements, and/or components, but do not preclude the presence or addition of one or more other features, integers, steps, operations, elements, components, and/or groups thereof. It will be understood that when an element is referred to as being “connected” or “coupled” to another element, it can be directly connected or coupled to the other element or intervening elements may be present. Furthermore, “connected” or “coupled” as used herein may include wirelessly connected or coupled. As used herein, the term “and/or” includes any and all combinations of one or more of the associated listed items.
It will also be understood that, although the terms first, second, etc. may be used herein to describe various elements, these elements should not be limited by these terms. These terms are only used to distinguish one element from another. For example, a first device could be termed a second device, and, similarly, a second device could be termed a first device without departing from the teachings of the disclosure.
The business management application 28 may predict work force requirements. According to exemplary embodiments, the business management application 28 includes one or more sets of processor-executable instructions that predict what personnel, and/or how many personnel, may be needed to meet some objective 40. The business management application 28, for example, may predict the number of employees needed to complete a project, to construct a building, or to repair a machine. The business management application 28 retrieves a set 42 of data and applies the set 42 of data to an algorithm 44. The set 42 of data is illustrated as being remotely retrieved via the communications network 24 from the source 22. The set 42 of data, however, may be locally retrieved from the memory 30 of the device 20. Regardless, the business management application 28 may predict the work force 46 needed to meet the objective 40. The business management application 28 may then generate an output 48, and the output 48 may include the set 42 of data, the work force 46, and/or the objective 40. The output 48, for example, may be a web page, a file, and/or a graphical user interface.
The business management application 28 may be accessed from a web-based portal. As
The device 20, the web server 56, and the client 60 are only simply illustrated. Because the architecture and operating principles of processor-controlled devices are well known, their hardware and software components are not further shown and described. If the reader desires more details, the reader is invited to consult the following sources: A
Exemplary embodiments may be applied regardless of networking environment. The communications network 24 may be a cable network operating in the radio-frequency domain and/or the Internet Protocol (IP) domain. The communications network 24, however, may also include a distributed computing network, such as the Internet (sometimes alternatively known as the “World Wide Web”), an intranet, a local-area network (LAN), and/or a wide-area network (WAN). The communications network 24 may include coaxial cables, copper wires, fiber optic lines, and/or hybrid-coaxial lines. The communications network 24 may even include wireless portions utilizing any portion of the electromagnetic spectrum and any signaling standard (such as the I.E.E.E. 802 family of standards, GSM/CDMA/TDMA or any cellular standard, and/or the ISM band). The communications network 24 may even include powerline portions, in which signals are communicated via electrical wiring. The concepts described herein may be applied to any wireless/wireline communications network, regardless of physical componentry, physical configuration, or communications standard(s).
The historical database 84 may store historical information describing past work force needs. The historical database 84, for example, may store tables that associate objectives to historical work force requirements. The historical database 84 may associate past maintenance tasks to the number of workers required to complete each maintenance task. The historical database 84 may even associate one or more specialized workers with particular repair, so that the specialized workers may be quickly recalled for the same repair. The historical database 84 may associate past work force requirements for past objectives. If the same objective needs to again be performed, the historical database 84 may help predict work force requirements.
The traffic database 80 may store delayed, near real-time, or real-time traffic information. The traffic information, for example, may describe congestion on roadways. The traffic database 80 may store street indexes to generate driving maps and distance information. The traffic database 80 may also store terrain information, such as elevations and contours. The business management application 28 may thus use the traffic database 80 to generate street maps and driving directions and to estimate driving distances to a particular location.
The business management application 28 may also access the weather database 86. The weather database 86 stores delayed, near real-time, or real-time weather information 100 associated with a location. The weather database 86, for example, may provide a Doppler radar data feed to the business management application 28. The Doppler data feed may then be used to predict work force requirements given the weather conditions, as later paragraphs will explain.
The business management application 28 may also access the public service commission (or “PSC”) database 88. The public service commission database 88 stores utility information 102 available from a state and/or Federal public service commission. The public service commission database 88, for example, may store rules, regulations, and compliance information associated with gas, water, electric, and telecommunications utilities. The public service commission database 88 may even store utility information for private utilities, such as private water/gas wells and private electrical generation (e.g., solar panels). The utility information 102 may then be used to predict work force requirements, as later paragraphs will explain.
The business management application 28 may thus use the databases 70 to predict work force requirements. The business management application 28 retrieves information from one or more of the databases 70 and predicts what workers, and/or how many workers, may be needed to meet the objective 40. The business management application 28 may use information from one or more of the databases 70 to solve the algorithm 44. The business management application 28 may additionally or alternatively apply a set 110 of rules and/or a set 112 of strategies to predict work force requirements. The set 110 of rules and/or the set 112 of strategies may include artificial intelligence or fuzzy-logic based statements that improve work force predictions. The business management application 28 may thus use static and/or dynamic information from the databases 70, and incorporate historical trends from the historical database 84, to predict and/or dispatch a work force. The business management application 28, for example, may use the set 110 of rules and/or the set 112 of strategies to reduce the amount of overtime incurred by the work force while still satisfying utility compliance requirements from the public service commission database 88. The business management application 28 may thus monitor the progress/completion of tasks to ensure customer needs are satisfied while reducing overtime costs.
The business management application 28 thus provides a single, company-wide knowledge tool. Because the business management application 28 may accept static and dynamic feeds from any data source, the business management application 28 is thus a single software platform for use in all areas of a business. The business management application 28 thus eliminates multiple software platforms, and reduces IT costs and licensing fees. The commonality of the business management application 28 also permits increased efficiencies in both field and center operations. The business management application 28 thus transforms a diverse, multi-application force-to-load dispatch model into an intelligent business decision tool for all operations.
The business management application 28 may also use the utility information 102 from the public service commission database 88. Here the business management application 28 evaluates the utility information 102 to determine whether utility rules and regulations are satisfied. Some public service commissions, for example, may require that ninety five percent (95%) or more of service outages are repaired, or “cleared,” within twenty four (24) hours. Other rules or regulations may require:
A few scenarios help explain the PSC rules & regulations 120. Suppose a state's public service commission requires that 90% of all utility installation requests are completed within five (5) days. When the business management application 28 retrieves the utility information 102, the business management application 28 learns that currently 95% of all installation requests have been completed within five (5) days. The PSC rules & regulations 120, in other words, have been safely exceeded. Because the PSC rules & regulations 120 have been exceeded, the business management application 28 may reduce or deny worker overtime to reduce labor costs. Similarly, suppose the utility information 102 indicates that 88% of all trouble reports have been cleared or completed within the past thirty six (36) hours. The PSC rules & regulations 120, however, only require 77% compliance. Again, the PSC rules & regulations 120 have been exceeded, so the business management application 28 may reduce or deny worker overtime. The business management application 28 may even “pull” from jobs and reassign workers to higher priority efforts. Or, the business management application 28 may grant more vacation requests to build team spirit, to reduce worker fatigue, or to achieve some other strategy. The business management application 28 may thus compare one or more current values of the utility information 102 to threshold values 122 of the PSC rules & regulations 120. When the current value of the utility information 102 equals or exceeds the threshold value 122, the business management application 28 may then implement alternate strategies to conserve resources and/or gain advantages.
The business management application 28 may also have a clock and calendar input 140. The clock and calendar input 140 provides at least a time and date. The business management application 28 may then use the clock and calendar input 140 to predict work force requirements. The business management application 28, for example, may provide a clock management tool with flexibility for different job types associated with unique dispatch strategies and metrics. The business management application 28 may analyze the impact of carrying over a load from a previous day after analysis of overtime, force-to-load, PSC penalties, and future weather forecast. The business management application 28 may also consider daylight savings time and longer/shorter daylight hours. Technicians, for example, may be dispatched from “dawn 'til dusk” instead of “8 to 5.” The business management application 28 may thus use the clock and calendar input 140 to receive daily sunrise and sunset times when predicting work force needs.
The business management application 28 may also use artificial intelligence when predicting work force demands. The business management application 28 receives the weather information, the conditions, PSC rules & regulations 120, overtime information from the work force database 74, the clock and calendar input 140, additional (flex) force needs from the work order database 72 and/or the work force database 74, and the facility density 130. The business management application 28 may also retrieve the historical information from the historical database 84. The business management application 28 may then compare this set 42 of data and apply the set 110 of rules and/or the set 112 of strategies. The business management application 28, in other words, may use artificial intelligence or fuzzy-logic based rules to predict work force needs, perhaps based on historical trends/events.
Approaching storms, for example, may cause the business management application 28 to increase the work force. As a storm moves west-to-east, the business management application 28 may forecast the amount of force necessary to clear all field work before the storm arrives in each local area. The eastern states can prepare to move workers and equipment, and plan for any additional (flex) force or overtime as necessary, based on the intensity of the storm and comparisons to other areas with similar geographic/density make-ups.
The business management application 28 may also predict work force needs for IPTV. Internet Protocol television (or “IPTV”) is an emerging technology, and AT&T® offers U-VERSE® as an IPTV service. AT&T's U-VERSE® service commits to a two-hour access window and on-site, on-time service is more important than meeting the two-hour commitment time. The commitment time is 4-6 hours beyond the “end access” window. The business management application 28 may thus dispatch technicians based on the access window as opposed to meeting the commitment time.
The business management application 28 may also correlate turfs and clocks. The business management application 28 may include a clocks feature 150. When the clocks feature 150 is disabled, or “off,” in low density wire centers, all turfs will be suspended on technician profiles preventing dispatch into the wire center. When the clocks feature 150 is enabled, or “on,” the turfs will automatically activate in Technician profiles allowing travel to the remote area.
The business management application 28 may select a dispatch strategy for rural areas. When the facility density 130 is low (as in more rural areas), the set 110 of rules and/or the set 112 of strategies may cause the business management application 28 to implement different dispatch strategies. In rural areas, for example, the business management application 28 may send technicians to an area based on a designated frequency as well as the other variables indicated above. This rural strategy may reduce the number of inefficient truck rolls to a sparsely populated or rural area.
As another example, the business management application 28 may quantify approaching weather events. Suppose the business management application 28 receives a Doppler radar data feed as the weather information 100. The business management application 28 may combine the Doppler radar data feed with the facility density 130 to accurately predict the impact of an approaching weather event. The business management application 28 may combine the Doppler data feed with the facility density 130 and with the historical information, using the equation
Weather Impact=DopFdHi, (Equation 1)
where Dop is the Doppler data feed, Fd is the facility density 130, and Hi is the historical information. The quantity (DopFd) estimates the effect of the approaching weather front on a utility's infrastructure. If a severe storm approaches, the Doppler data feed Dop will have a higher value. If the severe storm approaches a densely populated area, the facility density 130 (Fd) may be high. Hence the quantity (DopFd) will have a larger value, indicating the approaching storm may have a great impact on the utility's infrastructure. Many customers, in other words, may be affected. If, on the other hand, the severe storm approaches a sparsely populated area, the facility density 130 (Fd) may be low. The quantity (DopFd) may thus have a smaller value that indicates only a relatively small number of customers will be affected. If only scattered, high altitude rain approaches, the Doppler data feed Dop may have a low value, and the quantity (DopFd) may have a small value for even densely populated areas. A low-valued Doppler data feed Dop that approaches a sparsely populated area produces a low quantity (DopFd), perhaps indicating a negligible impact on facilities.
The business management application 28, however, may also consider historical trends. Even though a severe storm approaches a densely populated area, the historical information (Hi) may reveal that only 20% of facilities have been historically affected by a similar value of the Doppler data feed Dop. The quantity (DopFd) may thus be reduced, or discounted, by the historical information. Hence the impact of the approaching weather may be estimated by the quantity DopFdHi. If a severe storm approaches a densely populated area with high historical repairs, then the quantity DopFdHi may have a large value. The business management application 28 may thus predict a large increase in work force demands. If, however, the facilities are historically unaffected by severe storms, then the quantity DopFdHi may be small, perhaps causing the business management application 28 to predict little or no change in work force demands.
Exemplary embodiments may be physically embodied on or in a computer-readable storage medium. This computer-readable medium may include CD-ROM, DVD, tape, cassette, floppy disk, memory card, and large-capacity disks. This computer-readable medium, or media, could be distributed to end-subscribers, licensees, and assignees. These types of computer-readable media, and other types not mention here but considered within the scope of the exemplary embodiments. A computer program product comprises processor-executable instructions for predicting work force needs, as explained above.
While the exemplary embodiments have been described with respect to various features, aspects, and embodiments, those skilled and unskilled in the art will recognize the exemplary embodiments are not so limited. Other variations, modifications, and alternative embodiments may be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the exemplary embodiments.