Claims
- 1. A process for forming a microgel which comprises a core of crosslinked polymer and multiplicity of substantially linear polymeric arms attached to the core;wherein the process comprises (a) polymerizing monoethylenically unsaturated monomers in the presence of an organic sulfonylhalide, an organic complexing agent and a transition metal to form a prepolymer terminated with a halogen atom that has a weight average molecular weight of 1,000-25,000; (b) polymerizing said prepolymer with monoethylenically unsaturated monomers and with 0.5-60 mole percent, based on the total moles of monomers and prepolymer, of multi-olefinic polymerizable monomers containing two or more carbon to carbon double bonds, to form the microgel having a weight average molecular weight of 104-108; and wherein the monoethylenically unsaturated monomers of the core and the prepolymer are individually selected from the group consisting of alkenes having 1-10 carbon atoms, alkyl (meth)acrylates having 1-12 carbon atoms in the alkyl group, hydroxy alkyl (meth)acrylate, wherein the alkyl groups have 1-4 carbon atoms, styrene, alkylstyrene, acrylonitrile, glycidyl (meth)acrylate, isobornyl (meth)acrylate, haloalkyl, N-substituted aminoalkyl (meth)acrylates, N, N-di-substituted aminoalkyl(meth)acrylates, cycloalkyl (meth)acrylates, phenoxy (meth)acrylate, alkylene glycol (meth)acrylate, poly(alkylene glycol) (meth)acrylatem acrylamides, methacrylamides, esters of fumaric acid, esters of maleic acid, maleic acid, maleic acid anhydride, N-vinylcarbazole, N-vinylpyrrolidone, vinylpyridine, benzyl (meth)acrylate, vinyl acetate, vinyl chloride, vinylidene chloride, butadine, isoprene, chloroprene and any mixtures thereof; and wherein the organic sulfonyl halide has the formula A1SO2X wherein A1 is an aryl, substituted aryl group, and alkyl group or a substituted alkyl group, and X is chlorine, bromine or iodine; and wherein the transition metal is selected from the group consisting of Cu, Ru, Ni, Re, Pd, Cu, Ni, Fe, Pd, and Rh.
- 2. The process of claim 1 in which the multi-olefinic polymerizable monomers consist of compounds of the formula wherein R8 and R9 are independently selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, halogen, C1 C6 alkyl, and substituted C1 to C6 alkyl;Y1 and Y2 are independently selected from the group consisting of NR9 and O where R9 is independently selected from hydrogen and alkyl; and Q is selected from the group consisting of alkylene having 1 to 12 carbon atoms, a carbocyclic group, a heterocyclic group, polyalkylene oxide, polyester, and polyurethane and wherein the groups optionally can be substituted with one or more substituents selected from the group consisting of halo, hydroxy, tertiary amino, substituted amino, silane, epoxy, acrylate and methacrylate.
- 3. The process of claim 2 in which in which the monomer of the prepolymer selected from the group consisting of alkyl (meth)acrylate and styrene; the organic sulfonyl halide consists essentially of an alkoxyarenesulfonic chloride and the organic complexing agent consists essentially of an alkyl 2,2’-bipyridine and the transition metal is Cu; andwherein the monomers of the core consist essentially of alkyl (meth)acrylate having 1-4 carbon atoms in the alkyl group, hydroxyalkyl (meth)acrylate having 2-4 carbon atoms in the alkyl group, styrene and allyl (meth)acrylate.
Parent Case Info
CROSS REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATION
This application is a divisional of application Ser. No. 09/350,243, filed Jul. 9, 1999, U.S. Pat. No. 6,355,718, which is a non-provisional of a provisional application Ser. No. 60/092,293, filed Jul. 10, 1998.
US Referenced Citations (4)
Number |
Name |
Date |
Kind |
4845156 |
Cohen |
Jul 1989 |
A |
5670564 |
Gagné et al. |
Sep 1997 |
A |
5789487 |
Matyjaszewski et al. |
Aug 1998 |
A |
6143848 |
Lee et al. |
Nov 2000 |
A |
Provisional Applications (1)
|
Number |
Date |
Country |
|
60/092293 |
Jul 1998 |
US |