The present invention relates mainly to a microwave device used in a surgical instrument.
Microwaves are known to be capable of coagulating (immobilizing) biological tissues such as digestive organs, liver, pancreas, kidneys, adrenal glands, bladder, prostate, uterus, ovaries, bones, blood vessels, and intestines at low temperatures (e.g., 100° C. or less). Therefore, by utilizing this characteristic, for example, as described in Japanese Published Unexamined Patent Application No. JP 2018-11994, it is known that a bloodless ablation for coagulation and hemostasis of biological tissues can be performed by providing a surgical instrument with a function capable of radiating microwaves. Furthermore, coagulation therapy for tumors has become widespread as a minimally invasive therapy using an omnidirectional monopole antenna for deeper coagulation.
In the microwave surgical instrument described in Patent Document 1, microwaves can be transmitted to a tapered tip of a coaxial body and the microwaves are radiated from the entire central conductor exposed in a longitudinal direction by decreasing a sectional area of a central conductor and a sectional area of an external conductor gradually or in a step-by-step manner with a ratio between the sectional area of the central conductor and the sectional area of the external conductor being kept constant.
In the microwave surgical instrument as described above, since the central conductor is exposed in the longitudinal direction, there are problems that a large amount of heat is generated at the base end of the central conductor and a small amount of heat is generated at the tip end. That is, microwaves are radiated from the part where the central conductor is exposed to the outside, the energy of the radiated microwaves becomes attenuated from the base end of the central conductor toward the tip end. Therefore, there is a problem that the amount of heat generated at the base end of the central conductor is large and the amount of heat generated at the tip end thereof is small. Therefore, when the above-described microwave surgical instruments are used to coagulate biological tissue and stop bleeding, the amount of heat generated at the frequently used tip end portion is small, so there is a possibility that the coagulation and hemostasis of the biological tissues may not be performed successfully.
In this regard, the above problem becomes more pronounced when the shape of the microwave surgical instrument is enlarged. That is, when the shape of the microwave surgical instrument is enlarged, the central conductor is also enlarged, accordingly the energy of the radiated microwaves is significantly attenuated, thereby the amount of heat generated at the tip end becomes smaller, and coagulation and hemostasis of the biological tissues may not be performed successfully. Therefore, there is a problem that the shape of the microwave surgical instrument has design limitations. This is also the same problem for a tumor coagulation treatment using an omnidirectional monopole antenna for deeper coagulation.
Therefore, in view of the above problems, an object of the present invention is to provide a microwave device capable of increasing the amount of heat generated at the tip end portion thereof.
The foregoing object of the present invention is achieved by the following means. It is noted that reference signs in the embodiments to be described hereinafter are added in parentheses, but the present invention is not intended to be limited thereto.
The microwave device according to an embodiment of the invention is a microwave device (1) capable of radiating microwaves, comprising a central conductor (21) that transmits microwaves, an insulator (22) covering the central conductor (21), and an external conductor (23) covering the insulator (22). The central conductor (21) is exposed to the outside from a tip end portion (the tip end 20a of the microwave irradiation part 20) of the microwave device (1) for the first time, and an externally exposed part (21a) of the central conductor (21) exposed is bent toward a base end side (base end 20b of the microwave irradiation part 20) of the microwave device (1) so as to be along the external conductor (23). Only on the external conductor (23) a concave slit (23a) is formed along the axial direction of the external conductor (23) and on the concave slit (23a) the externally exposed part (21a) of the central conductor (21) that is bent is arranged.
Further, the microwave device according to an embodiment of the invention has a slit (23a) toward the base end side (base end 20b of the microwave irradiation part 20) formed on an external conductor (23), and on the slit (23a) the externally exposed part (21a) of the central conductor (21) is arranged.
Furthermore, in the microwave device according to an embodiment of the invention the externally exposed part (21a) of the central conductor (21) is bent so as not to come into contact with the external conductor (23).
Next will be described advantageous effects of the present invention with reference signs in the drawings. It is noted that reference signs in the embodiments to be described hereinafter are added in parentheses, but the present invention is not intended to be limited thereto.
According to the first aspect of the present invention, the central conductor (21) is exposed to the outside from the tip end portion (the tip end 20a of the microwave irradiation part 20) for the first time, and the externally exposed part (21a) of the exposed central conductor (21) is bent toward the base end side (the base end 20b of the microwave irradiation part 20) of the microwave device (1) so as to be along the external conductor (23). As a result, the amount of heat generated by microwaves at the tip end portion (the tip end 20a of the microwave irradiation part 20) of the microwave device (1) can be increased compared to the conventional case.
According to the first aspect of the invention, only on the external conductor (23) the concave slit (23a) is formed along the axial direction of the external conductor (23), and on the slit (23a) the externally exposed part (21a) of the central conductor (21) that is bent is arranged, thereby the directivity of microwaves can be controlled. As a result, when the tip end portions of the microwave device (1) hold biological tissues, microwaves are applied to a specific portion of the biological tissues, so that coagulation and hemostasis of a biological tissues can be performed acutely.
Furthermore, according to the third aspect of the invention, the externally exposed part (21a) is bent so as not to come into contact with the external conductor (23), thereby preventing microwaves from becoming a loop antenna-like state, and preventing a situation in which biological tissues are not radiated with microwaves.
Hereinafter, one embodiment of a microwave device according to the present invention will be specifically described with reference to the drawings. It is noted that, in the following description, up/down and left/right directions shall be referred to as up/down and left/right directions when viewed from the front of the figure.
As an example of the application of the microwave device according to the present embodiment, for example, an application to a surgical instrument consisting of a thumb forceps-type instrument as shown in
Further, the surgical instrument S configured in this way is provided with a microwave device 1 as shown in
As shown in
As shown in
As shown in
As shown in
The central conductor 21 of the microwave irradiation part 20 configured as described above is exposed to the outside for the first time from the tip end 20a of the microwave irradiation part 20, as shown in
At this time, since the central conductor 21 is exposed to the outside for the first time from the tip end 20a of the microwave irradiation part 20, the amount of heat generated by microwaves at the tip end 20a can be increased compared to the conventional case. Therefore, since the amount of heat generated by microwaves at the tip end 20a which is frequently used is higher compared to the conventional case when the microwave irradiation part 20 holds the biological tissues, it is capable of reducing the possibility that coagulation and hemostasis of biological tissues will not be performed successfully.
Thus, as in the present embodiment, by simply configuring where the central conductor 21 is exposed to the outside for the first time from the tip end 20a of the microwave irradiation part 20 and is bent along the external conductor 23 so as to extend toward the base end portion 20b side of the microwave irradiation part 20 (see
Therefore, with a configuration like this embodiment, it is possible to solve the conventional problem of design limitations.
By the way, in this embodiment, as shown in
That is, when the externally exposed part 21a is bent along the external conductor 23, microwaves radiated from the externally exposed part 21a become diffused to the surroundings without controlling the directivity of microwaves. Therefore, even if an attempt is made to acutely coagulate and stop bleeding of the biological tissues by holding the biological tissues with the microwave irradiation part 20, since microwaves are diffused in the surroundings, it is possible that the coagulation and hemostasis of the biological tissues may not be acutely performed.
Therefore, in this embodiment, it is configured so that the directivity of microwaves is controlled by forming the slit 23a on the external conductor 23 and arranging the externally exposed part 21a on the slit 23a. More specifically, as shown in
Furthermore, when the externally exposed part 21a radiates the bottom wall surface 23a3 side of the slit 23a with microwaves as shown in
The reason why the outer peripheral surface of the slit 23a is covered with the insulator 24 as described above is to prevent the externally exposed part 21a and the external conductor 23 from coming into contact with each other. That is, when the externally exposed part 21a and the external conductor 23 are brought into contact with each other, microwaves radiated from the externally exposed part 21a will be in a state like a loop antenna in which microwaves only flow into the external conductor 23. Thereby it may cause a possibility that the biological tissues are not radiated with microwaves. Therefore, in this embodiment, when the externally exposed part 21a is bent along the external conductor 23, as shown in
According to the present embodiment described above, the amount of heat generated at the tip end portion can be increased.
It should be noted that the shapes and the like shown in this embodiment are merely examples, and various modifications and changes are possible within the scope of the gist of the invention described in the claims. For example, the shape of the microwave device 1 shown in this embodiment is merely an example, and any shape may be used. For example, in the microwave device 1 exemplified in this embodiment, the shape of the externally exposed part 21a can be changed to various shapes such as a fan shape, a rectangular shape, a triangular shape, or the like, other than the circular shape in the cross-sectional view.
In this embodiment, an example is shown in which when the slit 23a is formed on the external conductor 23, and the outer peripheral surface thereof is covered with the insulator 24, however, it is enough just to provide a gap between the externally exposed part 21a and the external conductor 23 without covering the outer peripheral surface of the slit 23a with the insulator 24. The point is that the externally exposed part 21a and the external conductor 23 should not be brought into contact with each other, any method may be used to prevent them from coming into contact with each other. However, when a gap is provided between the externally exposed part 21a and the external conductor 23, there is a possibility that microwaves may be discharged through the air present in the gap between the slit 23a and the externally exposed part 21a. Therefore, it is preferable to cover the outer peripheral surface of the slit 23a with the insulator 24. In addition, the shape of the slit 23a is not limited to the concave shape, and may be any shape.
Further, in this embodiment, a thumb forceps-type instrument is exemplified as the surgical instrument S, but the present invention is not limited thereto, and can be applied to various surgical instruments such as forceps-type instruments and scissors-type instruments. Furthermore, if it is applied to a deep coagulation antenna, it can be applied to a directional tumor coagulation therapy. That is, it can be used with minimal thermal damage to nearby nerves, bile ducts, gallbladders, blood vessels, trachea, ureters, urethra, and the like.
Further, in the present embodiment, an example in which the microwave irradiation parts 20 are respectively provided in a pair of surgical instrument bodies Sa is shown, but the present invention is not limited to this, and a plurality of microwave irradiation parts 20 may be provided in one surgical instrument body Sa. This point will be described with reference to
As the surgical instrument SA shown in
One of thus formed pair of surgical instrument bodies SAa (lower one in
Note that
Further,
Although not shown in the drawings, a microwave introduction part 10 is provided on the side of the pair of surgical instrument main bodies SAa.
Number | Date | Country | Kind |
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2021-128221 | Aug 2021 | JP | national |
Number | Date | Country | |
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Parent | PCT/JP2022/023051 | Jun 2022 | US |
Child | 18497647 | US |