The present invention relates generally to circuit board connections, and more particularly but not exclusively to connectors which may be removably attached to microwave/millimeter-wave components, such as antenna arrays or RF modules, while providing electrical connection between the circuit board and the microwave/millimeter-wave systems.
Applicant has recognized that there is no convenient way to removably attach a printed circuit board to microwave and millimeter-wave components, and that removable attachment of the printed circuit board, which may include driving electronics for an antenna, can provide advantages in future servicing or upgrading of the microwave/millimeter-wave-circuit board system. Accordingly, it would be an advance in the art to provide structures which allow a printed circuit board to be removably attached to microwave and millimeter-wave components, such as an antenna array. Furthermore, interconnections become increasingly challenging as the number of connections and the operating frequency increases, because the pitch between connections reduces.
In one of its aspects the present invention may provide a circuit board connector that provides electrical connection between conductive traces in a printed circuit board and microwave/millimeter-wave structures which may include a coaxial waveguide. As such, circuit board connectors of the present invention may provide an electrical transition between the conductive traces of the printed circuit board and one or more coaxial waveguide structures disposed in the connector. The connector (and/or microwave/millimeter-wave structures) may be monolithically fabricated via PolyStrata® multilayer build processing/technology, in which multiple layers of a material, such as a metal, are sequentially deposited to provide a unitary monolithic structure comprised of the sequential layers. Examples of Poly Strata® processing/technology are illustrated in U.S. Pat. Nos. 7,948,335, 7,405,638, 7,148,772, 7,012,489, 7,649,432, 7,656,256, 7,755,174, 7,898,356 and/or U.S. Application Pub. Nos. 2010/0109819, 2011/0210807, 2010/0296252, 2011/0273241, 2011/0123783, 2011/0181376, 2011/0181377, and commonly owned copending application 62/614,636, each of which is incorporated herein by reference in their entirety (hereinafter the “incorporated PolyStrata® art”). As used herein, the mark “PolyStrata®” is used in conjunction with the structures made by, or methods detailed in, any of the incorporated PolyStrata® art.
The connector of the present invention may be soldered to the circuit board and may be configured to be removably attached to microwave/millimeter-wave structures to permit removable connection between the microwave/millimeter-wave structures and the combined circuit board/connector. (As used herein the terms “removable” and “removably attached” are defined to mean that parts may be reversibly joined and separated, without damage, by application of only a mechanical force; therefore, such terms exclude attachment by non-removable means, such as epoxy, or by means which require more than a mechanical force, such as solder, which required the application of heat.)
Accordingly, in one of its aspects, the present invention may provide a connector configured to provide physical and electrical connection to a circuit board having conductive traces. The connector may include a mounting feature for receiving an edge of the circuit board, and at least one coaxial waveguide disposed within the connector. The waveguide may include a center conductor having a first end, with the first end configured to be electrically connected to a conductive trace of the circuit board. The connector may include a plurality of sequential layers of a metal joined to provide a unitary monolithic structure, and the plurality of layers may be disposed perpendicular to a longitudinal axis of the center conductor. Alternatively, the plurality of layers may be disposed parallel to a longitudinal axis of the center conductor. The at least one coaxial waveguide may include an air spaced coaxial waveguide, and the mounting feature may be a slot.
In a further of its aspects, the present invention may provide an antenna system comprising an antenna array; a connector in accordance with the present invention as described herein, with the center conductor thereof electrically connected to the antenna array; and at least one circuit board disposed in a mounting feature of the connector. The circuit board may be electrically connected to the center conductor of the connector to provide electrical connection between the circuit board and the antenna array. The circuit board may also include electronics for driving the antenna array. The antenna array may be removably attached to the connector, and may include a plurality of sequential layers of a metal joined to provide a unitary monolithic structure. The antenna array may also include a feedthrough electrically connected to the center conductor of the connector. The first end of the center conductor of the connector may be electrically connected to a selected electrical trace of the circuit board, and may be soldered thereto. In addition, the center conductor of the connector may be electrically connected to the antenna array via a conductive elastomer. The at least one waveguide of the connector may include a plurality of waveguides, and the connector may be electrically connected to the antenna array via a grid of conductive elastomer pins, with each pin disposed in electrical connection with a respective center conductor of the plurality of coaxial waveguides.
In yet a further of its aspects the present invention may provide a connectorized circuit board assembly, comprising a connector in accordance with the present invention as described herein, and comprising a circuit board disposed in the mounting feature of the connector. The circuit board may be electrically connected to the center conductor. In the connectorized circuit board assembly, the first end of the center conductor of the connector may be electrically connected to a selected electrical trace of the circuit board. The first end of the center conductor of the connector may be soldered to a selected electrical trace of the circuit board.
The present invention may also provide an antenna system, comprising an antenna array; a stiffener sheet having a conductive feedthrough extending therethrough, the feedthrough disposed in electrical communication with the antenna array; and at least one circuit board having upper and lower opposing planar surfaces and having an edge extending between the opposing planar surfaces. The edge may include a smaller surface area than the surface area of either of the opposing surfaces with a metallization on the edge. The metallization may be electrically connected to the conductive feedthrough of the stiffener sheet to provide electrical connection between the circuit board and the antenna array.
Further, the present invention may provide a method for creating a connector configured to provide physical and electrical connection to a circuit board having conductive traces. The method may include depositing a plurality of layers over a substrate, wherein the layers comprise one or more of conductive, non-conductive and sacrificial materials; patterning the layers of conductive, non-conductive and sacrificial material to define the structure of the connector which includes a mounting feature for receiving an edge of the circuit board, and at least one coaxial waveguide disposed within the connector. The waveguide may include a center conductor having a first end, the first end configured to be electrically connected to a conductive trace of the circuit board. The method may further include removing the sacrificial material to provide the connector. The plurality of layers may be disposed parallel to a longitudinal axis of the center conductor or may be disposed perpendicular to a longitudinal axis of the center conductor. The at least one coaxial waveguide may include an air spaced coaxial waveguide. The method may be performed by techniques adapted from those disclosed in the incorporated PolyStrata® art.
The foregoing summary and the following detailed description of exemplary embodiments of the present invention may be further understood when read in conjunction with the appended drawings, in which:
Referring now to the figures, wherein like elements are numbered alike throughout,
More specifically, the connector 150 may include a slot 152 into which an edge of the printed circuit board 160 may be inserted,
As to the removable connection between the connector 150 and the antenna array 120, a conductive elastomer pin 141, such as one provided in a land grid array, LGA 140, may be provided at the end of the connector 150 proximate the antenna array 120. The LGA 140 may include multiple forms of “separable” (i.e., removable as defined herein) interconnect between the stiffener 130 and/or the connector 150, including but not limited to: elastomer interconnects, metal spring interconnects, fuzz buttons, and/or diamond particle interconnect. In addition, the LGA 140 may include a hybrid of a separable interconnect and non-separable interconnect, such as solder and conductive epoxy. For example, the LGA 140 may include a separable compressive interconnection, such as a conductive elastomer, on one side of the LGA 140 and a ball grid array of solder bumps on the opposite side. Thus, for such a configuration the LGA 140 may separate from the remaining structure, but only on one side.
The conductive elastomer pin 141 may be disposed in registration and electrical contact with the center conductor 154 of the connector 150. The conductive elastomer pin 141 may be electrically connected to a corresponding conductive feedthrough 121 of the antenna array 120. Optionally, a stiffener 130 may be provided between the LGA 140 and the antenna array 120 to provide additional stiffness to the antenna array 120, if required. The stiffener 130 may be provided in the form of a metal sheet having a conductive feedthrough 131 extending therethrough. The conductive feedthrough 131 of the stiffener 130 may be electrically connected to the feedthrough 121 of the antenna array 120 as well as to the conductive elastomer pin 141, thus completing electrical connection between the solder pad 162 of the circuit board 160 and the antenna array 120.
As further illustrated in
One or more of the connector elements 150, connector strips 152, stiffener 130, and antenna array 120 may contain a plurality of sequential (e.g., laminated) metal layers, such as provided by a multilayer build process such as PolyStrata® multilayer build processing/technology. As such, the connector elements 150, connector strips 152, stiffener 130, and antenna array 120 may each be a unitary monolithic structure comprised of the sequential layers. The layers of the connector 150 (or connector strips 152) may be oriented either perpendicular to, or parallel to, a longitudinal axis of the center conductor(s) 152 of the connector 150 (or connector strips 152). Similarly, layers of the antenna array 120 may be oriented either perpendicular to, or parallel to, a longitudinal axis of the feedthroughs 121 of the antenna array 120.
These and other advantages of the present invention will be apparent to those skilled in the art from the foregoing specification. Accordingly, it will be recognized by those skilled in the art that changes or modifications may be made to the above-described embodiments without departing from the broad inventive concepts of the invention. It should therefore be understood that this invention is not limited to the particular embodiments described herein, but is intended to include all changes and modifications that are within the scope and spirit of the invention as set forth in the claims.
This application claims the benefit of priority of U.S. Provisional Application No. 62/662,382, filed on Apr. 25, 2018, the entire contents of which application(s) are incorporated herein by reference.
Number | Date | Country | |
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62662382 | Apr 2018 | US |