Embodiments of the invention relate to mikvah sanitation devices, in particular for improving sanitation conditions in a body of water of a mikvah in which believers bathe to achieve ritual purity.
Classical rabbinical literature dictates many rules relating to the construction of a mikvah (or mikveh). For example, a mikvah has to be connected to a source of naturally occurring water, it must contain sufficient water to cover the entire body of an average-sized person; and the required volume of water should be about 40 seah.
Additional requirements dictate the manner in which the water can be stored and transported to or within the mikvah. For example it is forbidden for the water to pass through any vessel which could hold water within it. If however a vessel has an ‘opening’ that is large enough to fulfill a criteria called ‘mouthpiece of a drinking pouch’ (shfoferes hanod)—then the vessel may be used for filling or channeling water in a mikvah.
The booklet “Understanding Mikvah: An Overview of Mikvah Construction” by the author ‘Rabbi Schneur Zaiman Lesches’; ISBN 0-9689146-0-8 (2001); specifies many of the requirement relating to a Mikvah. It specifies, inter alia, at pages 43 and in particular 44 and footnotes 67, 72 and 73 that an ‘opening’ in a vessel that qualifies as a ‘mouthpiece of a drinking pouch’ should be large enough for two average fingers to fit in and rotate.
The booklet further details that the dimension of such an ‘opening’ equals to a quarter of a tefach (the common measure for one tefach as used in modern mikvah's is 10 centimeters); and thus according to this measurement such an ‘opening’ could be as small as about 25 millimeters in width (see footnotes 67 and 72). In an enhancement (hiddur) that goes beyond the formal demands of rabbinical law—an ‘opening’ qualifying as a ‘mouthpiece of a drinking pouch’ should be at least 48 millimeters in width (see footnote 73).
Rabbinical rules relating to the purity and hence cleanliness and sanitation of the body of water in a mikvah are strictly followed, and thus to avoid unfit water, the water in a mikvah can often be completely drained away and refilled from scratch resulting in large quantities of water that are wasted. In cases where water in the Mikvah is heated, re-filling a Mikvah with new water requires re-heating the water, a process that is wasteful in energy. Thus, being able to use the water in the mikvah for longer periods of time, while maintaining water cleanliness and the required purity of the water for its intended religious ritual, is advantageous.
The following embodiments and aspects thereof are described and illustrated in conjunction with systems, tools and methods which are meant to be exemplary and illustrative, not limiting in scope.
In an embodiment there is provided a sanitation device for cleaning a body of water in an immersion pool of a mikvah, the device comprising a hollow member extending along an axis X that in an operative position suitable for cleaning is arranged to extend generally immersed in the water and in a general upright orientation, the device further comprising an upper opening that in the operative position is arranged to be generally flush with the upper surface of the water and a propeller arranged to rotate about axis X and located at a lower region of the device, wherein the propeller is arranged to form a downward flow through the hollow member that urges water to enter the device via the upper opening to be cleaned in the device and then released back into the body of water after flowing passed the propeller. This downward flow may be defined as sucking substances from the upper surface of the water in the Mikvah to be cleaned in the sanitation device.
In an embodiment, the sanitation device comprises a top float that is axially slidable with respect to the hollow member, the top float comprising the upper opening and having a buoyancy suitable for maintaining the upper opening generally flush with the upper surface of the water.
In an embodiment, the sanitation comprises a disposable non-woven filter media through which water flows after entering the device. Such non-woven filter has a generally lower likelihood of maintaining water within it thus complying with Rabbinical rules relating to a Mikvah.
In an embodiment, the sanitation device comprises a gap G that is formed between an outer edge of the revolving propeller and an inner face of a portion of the device housing the propeller, wherein gap G is arranged to fulfill a criteria of ‘mouthpiece of a drinking pouch’ (shfoferes hanod) by being generally equal to or greater than about 25 millimeters, and in an enhancement (hiddur) preferably generally equal to or greater than about 48 millimeters.
In addition to the exemplary aspects and embodiments described above, further aspects and embodiments will become apparent by reference to the figures and by study of the following detailed descriptions.
Exemplary embodiments are illustrated in referenced figures. It is intended that the embodiments and figures disclosed herein are to be considered illustrative, rather than restrictive. The invention, however, both as to organization and method of operation, together with objects, features, and advantages thereof, may best be understood by reference to the following detailed description when read with the accompanying figures, in which:
It will be appreciated that for simplicity and clarity of illustration, elements shown in the figures have not necessarily been drawn to scale. For example, the dimensions of some of the elements may be exaggerated relative to other elements for clarity. Further, where considered appropriate, reference numerals may be repeated within the figures to indicate like elements.
Attention is first drawn to
The mikvah of
In some aspects of the present invention, sanitation devices (such as the skimmer embodiment or the filter embodiment later discussed) may be arranged to be utilized substantially in conjunction with additional system for treating a body water, such as those described in PCT WO2018002806, the disclosure of which is incorporated herein by reference, that describes a system for producing treating materials, here treated oxygen containing gas, suitable for treating a body of water.
Such systems for treating a body water typically break down dirt and organic matter within the water that may in turn result in increased formation of floating substances 21. These floating substances 21 may then accordingly be cleaned/collected from the upper surface of the water by the presently disclosed sanitation devices. In
In certain cases, floating substances 21 resulting from the release of such treating materials 88 may be urged to float upon the upper surface of the immersion pool in a direction away from ejection port 99. Therefore, sanitation devices according to the various embodiments of the present invention may possibly be located in the mikvah's immersion pool at a location that is relatively distant to ejection port 99 in order to be suitably located to receive the arriving floating substances 21.
For example, an embodiment of a sanitation device of the invention may be located at an adjacent and/or opposing corner of the immersion pool—as generally illustrated in
It is noted that although hereinabove, embodiments of sanitation devices of the present invention have been exemplified functioning in conjunction with additional systems for treating a body of water—such sanitation devices are also suited to perform their cleaning actions alone or in conjunction with other type devices not mentioned. In addition it is noted that the sanitation device embodiments disclosed herein (when either operating alone or in conjunction with additional devices) may be arranged to operate in order to clean/purify the water of the Mikvah at times when the Mikvah is not in use so as to not interfere with the religious ritual. From hereon, the discussed sanitation device embodiments will be described in detail.
In the skimmer embodiment, handle 3 as seen in
Attention is drawn to
A top float 22 may be fitted to the outer housing so that it is axially slidable with respect to the middle pipe. Top float 22 is arranged to have a buoyancy that maintains its upper edge 221 just above and/or generally flush with the upper surface of the water. Upper edge has recess bays 222 formed therein defining bulges 223 between each pair of such recess bays 222. The recess bays 222 provide passageways for water to flow in between adjacent bulges 223 passed the upper edge and into the skimmer.
Attention is drawn to the upper left section in
Skimmer 18 may be fixed, e.g. at its middle pipe 20, to handle 3—and by that may be maintained fix in place within the water of the mikvah. In order to compensate for relative slight changes (e.g. of up to about 5 centimeters) in the level of water in the mikvah—top float 22 may be arranged to slide with respect to middle pipe 20. Therefore, if the water rises slightly (e.g. due to a bather entering the water) top float 22 can slide upwards in relation to middle pipe 20 to maintain upper edge 221 suitably located just above and/or generally flush with the upper surface of the water.
Attention is additionally drawn to the exploded view of
Filter media 26 may be supported above middle pipe 20 and may preferably be formed from non-woven material. Provision of such non-woven material for filter media 26 is advantageous, inter alia, in providing a filer media that is not considered a piece of clothing according to Halakha (the collective body of Jewish religious laws derived from the written and Oral Torah). According to Halakha, water passing through woven material is considered as unfit for a mikvah, and thus by providing non-woven material for filter media 26, the water passing therethrough is deemed suitable for a mikvah. By making the filter media easily disposable, the skimmer meets additional sanitation criteria that make it suitable for a mikvah.
Propeller 30 may be arranged to receive its power from an electronic speed control (ESC) 40 here fitted to a wall outside of the water, possibly adjacent the hook like member 5. ESC 40 may be arranged to control and regulate the speed of the electric motor powering propeller 30. In various embodiments, ESC 40 may be arranged to control speed/RPM of the propeller, monitor and/or control temperature of the motor powering the propeller, direction of rotation of the motor and propeller, resistance of the thrust on motor (or the like). The ESC may be adjusted remotely to control the motor and function of the propeller.
A radius Pr is defined between an outer tip of propeller 30 and axis X; and a radius Mr is defined between an inner face of middle pipe 20 and axis X. A gap G equal to Mr minus Pr (G=Mr−Mp) is thus defined between an outer edge of a disc formed by the revolving propeller 30 and the inner face of middle pipe 20.
This gap G can be seen illustrated in cross section A-A provided at the upper left-hand side of
In an embodiment, gap G is preferably sized to be at least about 25 millimeters (or more); and in an enhancement (hiddur) at least about 48 millimeters (or more)—in order to provide an ‘opening’ between the revolving propeller and the interior of middle pipe that fulfills the criteria of ‘mouthpiece of a drinking pouch’ (shfoferes hanod).
The propeller when powered to revolve—urges a downward directed flow of water through the skimmer 18, which in turn draws water from the upper surface of the body of water of the mikvah into the skimmer The water entering the skimmer via the recess bays 222 flows passed filter media 26 where substances 21 drawn into the skimmer form the upper surface of the water can be caught. The water then flows passed the propeller (through the ‘opening’ defined by gap G) and onwards via the optional screen protector 28 to exit the skimmer back into the body of water of the mikvah at the lower open end 241 of bottom pipe 24.
The circled section at the left-hand side of
Attention is drawn to
Also shown in this figure is the releasable attachment of the skimmer via its handle 3 to the hook like member 5, which maintains the skimmer fixed in place within the water of the mikvah adjacent the upper surface of the water and spaced away from the floor 32 of the mikvah's immersion pool. Such releasable attachment of the skimmer may permit easy maintenance to the skimmer—e.g. replacement of disposable filter media 26 (or the like).
Skimmer 182 when placed in an operative state suitable for skimming the mikvah's body of water 14, can be seen including a main segment 23, here in form of a generally cylindrical pipe housing, that extends generally upright along an axis X of the skimmer all the way down from its upper edge 221 located just above and/or generally flush with the upper surface of the water to its lower open end 241.
Thus the lower open end 241 of skimmer 182 may open generally downwards as opposed to the lower open end 241 of the skimmers of
In each skimmer 181. 182, the flotation members 9 are adapted to attach to the main segment 23 of the skimmer leaving the skimmer's top float 22 free to axially move up and down relative to the main segment. Thus, while the flotation members 9 are adapted to maintain a rough flotation position of the skimmer (as illustrated by the ‘dashed’ arrows in
In an embodiment of the present invention, such fine tuning of the location of the top float's upper surface 221 may be assisted to choosing a lighter material for top float 22 relative to remaining portions of the skimmer (e.g. its main segment). In addition or alternatively, the skimmer's top float 22 may assume a buoyancy that reacts faster to water height changes in the immersion pool by e.g. including a channel 33 formation similar to that shown in the upper left section of
In an aspect of the present invention, skimmer embodiments may be removed from the mikvah's immersion pool prior to periods of time when believers enter to immerse in the immersion pool. Thus cleaning the water at times when believers do not immerse in the immersion pool may be advantageous in e.g. making the mikvah more aesthetically pleasing during ritual use, more mehudar by halacha, healthier because the bacteria and dirt removed from the water is not present in the water when bathers immerse (etc.).
Attention is drawn to
Filter 180 may be fixed e.g. at its bottom pipe 240 to the floor 32 of the mikvah's immersion pool e.g. via a support 55 (see
Attention is drawn to the exploded view of
Propeller 300 may be arranged (as in the case of the skimmer) to receive its power from an electronic speed control (ESC) 40. ESC 40 may be arranged to control and regulate the speed of the electric motor powering propeller 300. In various embodiments, ESC 40 may be arranged to control speed/RPM of the propeller, monitor and/or control temperature of the motor powering the propeller, direction of rotation of the motor and propeller, resistance of the thrust on motor (or the like). The ESC may be adjusted remotely to control the motor and function of the propeller.
The propeller when powered to revolve—urges a downward directed flow of water through the filter 180, which in turn draws water from the upper surface of the body of water of the mikvah into the filter. The water entering the filter flows passed filter cartridge 260 where substances 21 drawn into the filter form the upper surface of the water can be caught. The water then flows passed the propeller to exit the filter back into the body of water of the mikvah at the lower open end 2410 of the bottom pipe 240.
Attention is drawn to
In the description and claims of the present application, each of the verbs, “comprise” “include” and “have”, and conjugates thereof, are used to indicate that the object or objects of the verb are not necessarily a complete listing of members, components, elements or parts of the subject or subjects of the verb.
Further more, while the present application or technology has been illustrated and described in detail in the drawings and foregoing description, such illustration and description are to be considered illustrative or exemplary and non-restrictive; the technology is thus not limited to the disclosed embodiments. Variations to the disclosed embodiments can be understood and effected by those skilled in the art and practicing the claimed technology, from a study of the drawings, the technology, and the appended claims.
In the claims, the word “comprising” does not exclude other elements or steps, and the indefinite article “a” or “an” does not exclude a plurality. A single processor or other unit may fulfill the functions of several items recited in the claims. The mere fact that certain measures are recited in mutually different dependent claims does not indicate that a combination of these measures can not be used to advantage.
The present technology is also understood to encompass the exact terms, features, numerical values or ranges etc., if in here such terms, features, numerical values or ranges etc. are referred to in connection with terms such as “about, ca., substantially, generally, at least” etc. In other words, “about 3” shall also comprise “3” or “substantially perpendicular” shall also comprise “perpendicular”. Any reference signs in the claims should not be considered as limiting the scope.
Although the present embodiments have been described to a certain degree of particularity, it should be understood that various alterations and modifications could be made without departing from the scope of the invention as hereinafter claimed.
Number | Date | Country | |
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62876650 | Jul 2019 | US |