Patent Application
20060210499
This application is a continuation under 35 U.S.C. §365(c) and 35 U.S.C. §120 of International Application No. PCT/EP2004/009208, filed Aug. 17,2004. This application also claims priority under U.S.C. §119 of German Patent Application No. DE 103 39 163.0, filed Aug. 26, 2003. Both the International application and the German application are incorporated herein by reference in their entireties.
Not Applicable
Not Applicable
(1) Field of the Invention.
The present invention relates on the one hand to bleaching agents for keratin-containing fibers with a pH of from 4.5 to 9.0, comprising peroxo compounds and/or carbonate-, hydrogen carbonate-, or carbamide-containing alkalinizing agents, and hydrogen peroxide and SiO2 compounds, where the last-mentioned may be optionally hydrated, and on the other hand to the use of optionally hydrated SiO2 compounds for increasing the lightening power of bleaching agents for keratin-containing fibers, and to a method of lightening keratin-containing fibers using the bleaching agents according to the invention.
Human hair is nowadays treated in diverse ways with hair cosmetic preparations. These include, for example, cleansing the hair with shampoos, care and regeneration with rinses and treatments, and bleaching, coloring and shaping the hair using colorants, tints, waving compositions and styling preparations. In this connection, agents for changing or nuancing the color of head hair play a prominent role.
For permanent, intense colorations with corresponding fastness properties, so-called oxidation colorants are used. Such colorants usually comprise oxidation dye precursors, so-called developer components and coupler components. The developer components form the actual dyes under the influence of oxidizing agents with one another or with coupling with one or more coupler components. The oxidation colorants are characterized by excellent, long-lasting coloring results.
(2) Description of Related Art, Including Information Disclosed Under 37 C.F.R. §§1.97 and 1.98.
In addition, lightening processes, so-called bleaching processes, are often used. The principles of bleaching processes are known to the person skilled in the art and summarized in relevant monographs, e.g., by K. Schrader, Grundlagen und Rezepturen der Kosmetika [Fundamentals and formulations of cosmetics], 2nd Edition, 1989, Dr. Alfred Hüthig Verlag, Heidelberg, or W. Umbach (Ed.), Kosmetik [Cosmetics], 2nd Edition, 1995, Georg Thieme Verlag, Stuttgart, New York.
For lightening or bleaching or human hair—particularly for strand application, solid or paste-like preparations with solid oxidizing agents are usually mixed with a dilute hydrogen peroxide solution directly prior to use. This mixture is then applied to the hair and rinsed out again after a certain contact time.
The above-mentioned application mixture is referred to below as “bleaching agent.” Unless stated otherwise, all of the quantities given refer exclusively to these application mixtures.
Besides hydrogen peroxide, most of the conventional ready-to-use bleaching agents for keratin-containing fibers comprise peroxodisulfate compounds for increasing the lightening power and, upon application to the fibers, have a pH of greater than pH 9. The lightening power is optimal at this basic pH. However, under these conditions, firstly damage of the keratin-containing fibers and secondly, upon application to the subject, skin irritations arise. Lowering the pH is accompanied by less hair damage and skin irritation, but also inevitably by a reduction in the lightening power.
The laid-open specification JP-A-04 279514 relates to hair bleaching agents which have a mild effect on the keratin-containing fibers and the skin at a pH of from 5 to 8. These bleaching agents comprise hydrogen peroxide, persulfate and hydrogen carbonate. However, the lightening power of these bleaching agents does not satisfy the requirements of a high-performance bleaching agent.
An object of the present invention is therefore to improve the lightening power of bleaching agents for keratin-containing fibers, in particular in a pH range from 4.5 to 9.0, in order to provide more powerful bleaching agents with increased compatibility for the keratin-containing fibers and the skin of the subject.
Surprisingly, it has now been found that the lightening power of bleaching agents for keratin-containing fibers, in particular in a pH range from 4.5 to 9.0, can be increased by adding optionally hydrated SiO2 compounds.
The present invention therefore firstly provides the use of optionally hydrated SiO2 compounds for increasing the lightening power of bleaching agents for keratin-containing fibers, in particular in a pH range from pH 4.5 to 9.0.
According to the invention, keratin-containing fibers are understood as meaning furs, wool, feathers and, in particular, human hair.
Not Applicable.
With regard to the optionally hydrated SiO2 compounds, the present invention is in principle subject to no limitations. Preference is given to salicic acids, oligomers and polymers thereof, and also salts thereof. Preferred salts are the alkali metal salts, in particular the potassium and sodium salts. The sodium salts are very particularly preferred.
The optionally hydrated SiO2 compounds can be present in different forms. According to the invention, preference is given to using the SiO2 compounds in the form of silica gels or, particularly and preferably as waterglass. These SiO2 compounds may sometimes be present in aqueous solution.
According to the invention, very particular preference is given to waterglasses which are formed from a silicate of the formula (SiO2)n(Na2O)m(K2O)p, where n is a positive rational number and m and p, independently of one another, are a positive rational number or are 0, with the provisos that at least one of the parameters m or p is different from 0 and the ratio between n and the sum of m and p is between 1:4 and 4:1.
Besides the components described by the empirical formula, the waterglasses may also comprise further additives, such as, for example, phosphates or magnesium salts, in small amounts.
Waterglasses which are particularly preferred according to the invention are sold, inter alia, by Henkel under the names Ferrosil® 119, Natronwasserglas 40/42, Portil® A, Portil® AW and Portil® W and by Akzo under the name Britesil® C2O.
The present invention secondly provides agents for lightening keratin-containing fibers with a pH of from 4.5 to 9.0, comprising at least one peroxo compound, and hydrogen peroxide and at least one optionally hydrated SiO2 compound.
Preferably, the agents according to the invention have a pH of from 4.5 to 8.5, very particularly preferably from 5.0 to 8.0.
The bleaching agents according to the invention comprise hydrogen peroxide as a first important component. According to the invention, the hydrogen peroxide is used as a solution or in the form of a solid addition compound of hydrogen peroxide onto inorganic or organic compounds, such as, for example, sodium perborate, sodium percarbonate, magnesium percarbonate, sodium percarbamide, polyvinylpyrrolidone.nH2O2 (n is a positive integer greater than 0), urea peroxide and melamine peroxide.
Although even small amounts of the optionally hydrated SiO2 compounds increase the lightening power, it may be preferred according to the invention to use the optionally hydrated SiO2 compounds in amounts of from 0.05% by weight to 15% by weight, particularly preferably in amounts of from 0.15% by weight to 10% by weight and very particularly preferably in amounts of from 0.2% by weight to 5% by weight, in each case based on the total agent according to the invention. The quantitative data here in each case give the content of the SiO2 compounds (without their water content) in the agents.
The bleaching effect of the hydrogen peroxide can additionally be increased by so-called “boosters.” These are usually peroxo compounds which do not represent addition products of hydrogen peroxide onto other components. The choice of peroxo compounds present in the agents according to the invention is subject in principle to no limitations; customary peroxo compounds known to the person skilled in the art are, for example, ammonium peroxydisulfate, potassium peroxydisulfate, sodium peroxydisulfate, ammonium persulfate, potassium persulfate, sodium persulfate, potassium peroxydiphosphate and peroxides, such as magnesium peroxide and barium peroxide. Among these peroxo compounds, which can also be used in combination, the inorganic compounds are preferred according to the invention. Particular preference is given to the peroxydisulfates, in particular ammonium peroxydisulfate.
The peroxo compounds are present in the bleaching agents according to the invention preferably in amounts of 1-40% by weight, in particular in amounts of 2-30% by weight.
The bleaching agents according to the invention are prepared preferably just prior to use on the fibers by combining at least two components. For this purpose, one component A comprising at least one peroxo compound is mixed with a hydrogen peroxide solution as component B, the resulting mixture having a pH of from 4.5 to 9.0. The optionally hydrated SiO2 compounds are a constituent of at least one of components A and B. However, they are preferably present in component A. It may be preferred to formulate component A as a solid.
Component A in turn can, however, also be prepared from a component A1 and a component A2 by mixing. In this connection, component A1 is preferably in the form of a W/O or O/W emulsion, and component A2 is in the form of a solid comprising at least one peroxo compound.
The concentration of the hydrogen peroxide solution in component B is determined firstly by the legal provisions and secondly by the desired effect; as a rule, 6 to 12% strength solutions in water are used. The quantitative ratios of component A and of component B are here usually in the range 1:1 to 1:2, an excess of component B being chosen particularly if the desired bleaching effect is not to be too marked.
In a further embodiment, the bleaching agents according to the invention comprise an alkalinizing agent. According to the invention the customary alkalinizing agents known to the person skilled in the art for bleaching agents, such as ammonium, alkali metal and alkaline earth metal hydroxides, carbonates, hydrogen carbonates, hydroxycarbonates and carbamides, and also alkali metal phosphates can be used. The alkalinizing agent is preferably present in component A.
In a preferred embodiment, the bleaching agents according to the invention comprise at least one alkalinizing agent chosen from ammonium, alkali metal and alkaline earth metal carbonates, hydrogen carbonates and carbamides. In this embodiment, the pH of the bleaching agent is preferably in a range from pH 7.5 to 9.0, particularly preferably in a range from 7.9 to 8.5.
The invention thirdly relates to agents for lightening keratin-containing fibers, in particular human hair, which comprise at least one alkalinizing agent chosen from ammonium, alkali metal and alkaline earth metal carbonates, hydrogen carbonates and carbamides, at least one optionally hydrated SiO2 compound and hydrogen peroxide and have a pH in a range from 7.5 to 9.0, in particular from 7.9 to 8.5. The agents according to the invention bring about an acceptable bleaching of the fibers in the presence of these selected alkalinizing agents even without the presence of peroxo compounds. The quality of the bleaching is brought about by the bleach-boosting effect of the optionally hydrated SiO2 compounds. However, to further increase the bleaching effect, these agents can additionally comprise at least one peroxo compound, preferably in the quantitative range specified above. For the peroxo compounds which can preferably be used, that stated in the second subject-matter of the invention applies. With regard to the optionally hydrated SiO2 compounds which can preferably be used, at this point reference is explicitly made to the details presented in the first subject-matter of the invention.
The bleaching agents according to the invention are preferably prepared shortly prior to being applied to the fibers by combining at least two components. For this purpose, a component A comprising at least one alkalinizing agent chosen from ammonium, alkali metal and alkaline earth metal carbonates, hydrogen carbonates and carbamides, is mixed with a hydrogen peroxide solution as component B, the resulting mixture having a pH of from 7.5 to 9.0. The optionally hydrated SiO2 compounds are a constituent of at least one of components A and B. However, they are preferably present in component A. It may be preferred to formulate component A as a solid.
Component A in turn can, however, also be prepared from a component A1 and a component A2 by mixing. Here, component Al is preferably in the form of the W/O or O/W emulsion, and component A2 is in the form of a solid, comprising at least one alkalinizing agent chosen from ammonium, alkali metal and alkaline earth metal carbonates, hydrogen carbonates and carbamides.
The concentration of hydrogen peroxide solution in component B is determined firstly by legal provisions and secondly by the desired effect; as a rule, 6 to 12% strength solutions in water are used. The quantitative ratios of component A and of component B here are usually in the range 1:1 to 1:2, an excess of component B being chosen particularly if the desired bleaching effect is not to be too marked.
All of the data below refer equally to the agents according to the invention of the second and third subject-matter of the invention.
The bleaching agents according to the invention comprise the alkalinizing agents preferably in amounts of from 1 to 25% by weight, in particular 1.5 to 15% by weight.
As additional bleach boosters, the agents according to the invention can preferably comprise at least one compound chosen from acetic acid, lactic acid, tartaric acid, citric acid, salicylic acid and ortho-phthalic acid.
In a further embodiment, the bleaching agents according to the invention additionally comprise structure-improving active ingredients. Such active ingredients which improve the hair structure are vitamins and derivatives or precursors thereof. According to the invention, particular preference is given to panthenol and its physiologically compatible derivatives. Such derivatives are, in particular, the esters and ethers of panthenol, and cationically derivatized panthenols. Individual representatives are, for example, panthenol triacetate, panthenol monoethyl ether and its monoacetate, and also the cationic panthenol derivatives disclosed in WO 92/13829 A1. A panthenol derivative preferred according to the invention is also its precursor pantolactone. Panthenol is preferred within this group. A further example of a structure-improving vitamin is pyridoxine (vitamin B6).
In addition, polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) is also known for its fiber structure-improving properties and is preferred according to the invention.
Further structure-improving compounds which are particularly effective according to the invention are the aldehydes. Particularly preferred examples are formaldehyde and formaldehyde-cleaving compounds, such as, for example, methoxymethyl esters, dimethylol(thio)urea derivatives, oxazolidine derivatives, N-hydroxymethylmaleimide, hexamethylenetetramine and its derivatives, hydantoin derivatives, pyridinium-substituted dimethyl ethers, imidozolidenylurea derivatives, isothiazolinones, 2-bromo-2-nitropropanediol and 5-bromo-5-nitro-1,3-dioxane. Further particularly preferred aldehydes are acetaldehyde, glyoxal, glycerin aldehyde and glutardialdehyde.
A further suitable group of structure-improving active ingredients are plant extracts.
Usually, these extracts are prepared by extraction of the total plant. In individual cases, however, it may also be preferred to produce the extracts exclusively from flowers and/or leaves of the plant.
With regard to the plant extracts which can be used according to the invention, reference is made in particular to the extracts which are listed in the table starting on page 44 of the third edition of the introduction to the ingredients declaration of cosmetic compositions, published by the Industrieverband Körperpflege- und Waschmittel e.V. [German Cosmetic, Toiletry, Perfumery and Detergent Association] (IKW), Frankfurt.
According to the invention, the extracts of oak bark, stinging nettle, hamamelis, hops, chamomile, burdock, horsetail, hawthorn, linden blossom, almond, aloe vera, fir needle, roast chestnut, sandalwood, juniper, coconut, mango, apricot, lemon, wheat, kiwi, melon, orange, grapefruit, sage, rosemary, birch, mallow, lady's smock, wild thyme, yarrow, thyme, Melissa, restharrow, coltsfoot, marshmallow, meristem, green tea, ginseng and ginger root are particularly preferred.
Particular preference is given to the extracts from oak bark, stinging nettle, hamamelis, hops, chamomile, burdock, horsetail, linden blossom, almond, aloe vera, coconut, mango, apricot, lemon, wheat, kiwi, melon, orange, grapefruit, sage, rosemary, birch, lady's smock, wild thyme, yarrow, restharrow, meristem, green tea, ginseng and ginger root.
Of very particular suitability for the compositions according to the invention are the extracts of almond, aloe vera, coconut, mango, apricot, lemon, wheat, kiwi, melon and green tea.
Extractants which can be used for producing the specified plant extracts are water, alcohols, and mixtures thereof. Among the alcohols, preference is given here to lower alcohols, such as ethanol and isopropanol, but in particular polyhydric alcohols, such as ethylene glycol and propylene glycol, either as the sole extractant or in a mixture with water. Plant extracts based on water/propylene glycol in the ratio 1:10 to 10:1 have proven to be particularly suitable.
According to the invention, the plant extracts can either be used in pure form or in dilute form. If they are used in dilute form, they usually comprise about 2-80% by weight of active substance and, as solvent, the extractant or extractant mixture used during their extraction.
In addition, it may be preferred to use mixtures of two or more, in particular of two, different plant extracts in the agents according to the invention.
According to the invention, as structure-improving active ingredients, preference is likewise given to honey extracts. These extracts are obtained in an analogous way to the plant extracts and comprise usually 1-10% by weight, in particular 3-5% by weight, of active substance. Water/propylene glycol mixtures may also be extractants which are preferred here.
Further structure-improving active ingredients are protein hydrolysates, in particular elastin, collagen, keratin, milk protein, soya protein, almond protein and wheat protein hydrolysates, their condensation products with fatty acids, and also quaternized protein hydrolysates. Particular preference is given to greatly degraded keratin hydrolysates with molar masses in the range from 400 to 800. In addition, quaternized protein hydrolysates, as are sold, for example, under the trade names Gluadin® WQ (INCI name: Laurdimonium Hydroxypropyl Hydrolyzed Wheat Protein) and Crotein® Q (INCI name: Hydroxypropyltrimonium Hydrolyzed Collagen), are particularly preferred according to the invention.
Besides the quaternized protein hydrolysates, quaternary polymers also represent structure-improving compounds preferred according to the invention. Particular preference is given to the polymers which are sold under the trade names Mirapol® A15 (INCI name: Polyquaternium-2), Onamer® M (INCI name: Polyquaternium-1) and Merquat® 100 (INCI name: Polyquaternium-6).
Further fiber structure-improving active ingredients are mono-, di- and oligosaccharides, such as, for example, glucose, galactose, fructose, fruit sugar, sucrose and lactose. In addition, according to the invention, it is also possible to use derivatives of these pentoses, hexoses and heptoses, such as the corresponding aldonic and uronic acids (sugar acids), sugar alcohols, sugar amines, such as, for example, N-glucosamine, and glycosides, and also pentoses, hexoses and heptoses etherified with C4-C30-fatty alcohols. According to the invention, the sugar acids can be used in free form, in the form of their salts, preference being given to calcium, magnesium and zinc salts, and in the form of their esters or lactones. Preferred sugar acids are gluconic acid, glucono-γ-lactone, lactobionic acid, glucuronic acid and its mono- or dilactones, pangamic acid, sugar acid, mannosaccharic acid and its mono- or dilactones, and mucic acid and its mono- or dilactones. Preferred sugar alcohols are sorbitol, mannitol and dulcitol. Preferred glycosides are the methylglucosides. Glucose, N-glucosamine and gluconic acid are particularly preferred from this group.
For the purposes of the present invention, certain amino acids can also be used as active ingredients which improve hair structure. Examples are the amino acids serine, threonine and tyrosine described in DE-195 22 569, which is hereby expressly incorporated by reference. In addition, derivatives of serine, such as, for example, serine phosphate, are also preferred according to the invention. A further structure-improving amino acid is lysine. Serine is a particularly preferred active ingredient which improves fiber structure.
Certain acids, in particular a-hydroxycarboxylic acids, and their salts can likewise be used for improving structure. Structure-improving acids preferred according to the invention are lactic acid, malic acid, tartaric acid, glyceric acid and maleic acid. Lactic acid is particularly preferred. In addition, specific phosphonic acids and their salts improve the structure of keratin-containing fibers. Phosphonic acids preferred according to the invention are n-octylphosphonic acid and n-decylphosphonic acid.
Furthermore, lipid-soluble ester alcohols or ester polyols are known for their structure-improving effect. They are regarded as being lipid-soluble if 5% by weight of these products dissolve in cetyl alcohol at 80° C. to give a clear solution.
The ester alcohols or ester polyols suitable according to the invention are obtainable by reacting an epoxy fatty acid ester with water for mono- or polyhydric alcohols having 1-10 carbon atoms with opening of the epoxide ring and formation of a vicinal dihydroxyethyl or hydroxyalkoxyethyl group. The epoxy fatty acid ester here can also be an epoxidation product of a technical-grade fatty acid ester with fractions of saturated fatty acids. The epoxide oxygen content should, however, be at least 3% by weight, preferably 5-10% by weight.
The epoxy fatty acid esters here are either epoxidized fatty acid esters of monohydric alcohols, i.e., for example, epoxidized oleic acid methyl ester, linoleic acid methyl ester, ricinoleic acid methyl ester or epoxidized fatty acid esters of polyhydric alcohols, e.g., glycerol monooleate or propylene glycol monooleate or epoxidized fatty acid triglycerides, e.g., oleic acid triglyceride or unsaturated oils, such as, for example, olive oil, soya oil, sunflower oil, linseed oil, rapeseed oil.
Of particular interest from an industrial point of view are primarily unsaturated fatty acid methyl ester epoxides of unsaturated plant fatty acids. Thus, as ester polyol, the reaction product of a plant oil fatty acid methyl ester epoxidate with a polyol having 2-6 carbon atoms and 2-6 hydroxyl groups is particularly preferred. Polyols which may be present here are, for example, ethylene glycol, 1,2-propylene glycol, 1,3-propylene glycol, butanediol, pentanediol, hexanediol, glycerol, trimethylolpropane, pentaerythritol, sorbitol or diglycerol.
Of particularly good suitability here for the bleaching agents according to the invention as ester polyol is the reaction product of a plant fatty acid methyl ester epoxidate with trimethylpropane and with a hydroxyl number of 350-450. Such a product based on soya oil fatty acid methyl ester epoxide and trimethylolpropane is available under the trade name Sovermol® 760.
In addition, vitamin B3 can be used as structure-improving active ingredient. This name often covers the compounds nicotinic acid and nicotinamide (niacinamide). According to the invention, preference is given to nicotinamide.
For the purposes of the present invention, it is also possible to use vitamin H as structure-improving active ingredient. Vitamin H refers to the compound (3aS, 4S, 6aR)-2-oxohexahydrothienol[3,4-d]imidazole-4-valeric acid, for which, however, the trivial name biotin has in the meantime become accepted.
Structure-improving active ingredients which are particularly preferred according to the invention are chosen from panthenol, physiologically compatible panthenol derivatives, mono-, di- and oligosaccharides, serine, glyceric acid, niacinamide, vitamin B6, polyvinylpyrrolidone, gluconic acid, biotin and the lipid-soluble ester alcohols or ester polyols.
The agents according to the invention comprise the structure-improving active ingredients preferably in amounts of from 0.1 to 5% by weight, particularly preferably in amounts of from 0.2 to 2% by weight.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the agents further comprise a magnesium compound. The agents according to the invention can be further optimized with regard to their structure-retaining properties by adding Mg2+ cations. Preferred magnesium compounds are inorganic and organic Mg2+ salts, such as, for example, the halides, the carbonates and hydrogen carbonates, the acetate and the citrate.
The agents according to the invention can furthermore comprise all active ingredients, additives and auxiliaries known for such preparations. In many cases, the bleaching agents comprise at least one surfactant, where in principle either anionic or zwitterionic, ampholytic, nonionic and cationic surfactants are suitable. In many cases, however, it has proven to be advantageous to choose the surfactant from anionic, zwitterionic or nonionic surfactants.
Suitable anionic surfactants in preparations according to the invention are all anionic surface-active substances suitable for use on the human body. These are characterized by a water-solubilizing, anionic group, such as, for example, a carboxylate, sulfate, sulfonate or phosphate group, and a lipophilic alkyl group having about 10 to 22 carbon atoms. In addition, glycol or polyglycol ether groups, ester, ether and amide groups, and hydroxyl groups may be present in the molecule. Examples of suitable anionic surfactants are, in each case in the form of the sodium, potassium and ammonium and the mono-, di- and trialkanolammonium salts having 2 or 3 carbon atoms in the alkanol group,
Preferred anionic surfactants are alkyl sulfates, alkyl polyglycol ether sulfates and ethercarboxylic acids having 10 to 18 carbon atoms in the alkyl group and up to 12 glycol ether groups in the molecule, and in particular salts of saturated and in particular unsaturated C8-C22-carboxylic acids, such as oleic acid, stearic acid, isostearic acid and palmitic acid.
Zwitterionic surfactants is the term used to refer to those surface-active compounds which carry in the molecule at least one quaternary ammonium group and at least one —COO(−) or —SO3(−) group. Particularly suitable zwitterionic surfactants are the so-called betaines, such as the N-alkyl-N,N-dimethylammonium glycinates, for example cocoalkyldimethylammonium glycinate, N-acylaminopropyl-N,N-dimethylammonium glycinate, for example cocoacylaminopropyldimethylammonium glycinate, and 2-alkyl-3-carboxymethyl-3-hydroxyethylimidazolines having in each case 8 to 18 carbon atoms in the alkyl or acyl group, and cocoacylaminoethyl hydroxyethylcarboxymethyl glycinate. A preferred zwitterionic surfactant is the fatty acid amide derivative known under the INCI name Cocamidopropyl Betaine.
Ampholytic surfactants are understood as meaning those surface-active compounds which, apart from a C8-18-alkyl or acyl group in the molecule, contain at least one free amino group and at least one —COOH or —SO3H group and are capable of forming internal salts. Examples of suitable ampholytic surfactants are N-alkylglycines, N-alkylpropionic acids, N-alkylaminobutyric acids, N-alkylaminodipropionic acids, N-hydroxyethyl-N-alkylpropylglycines, N-alkyltaurines, N-alkylsarcosines, 2-alkylaminopropionic acids and alkylaminoacetic acids having in each case about 8 to 18 carbon atoms in the alkyl group. Particularly preferred ampholytic surfactants are N-cocoalkylaminopropionate, cocoacylaminoethylaminopropionate and C12-18-acylsarcosine.
Nonionic surfactants comprise, as hydrophilic group, e.g., a polyol group, a polyalkylene glycol ether group or a combination of polyol and polyglycol ether group. Such compounds are, for example,
Examples of the cationic surfactants which can be used in the bleaching agents according to the invention are, in particular, quaternary ammonium compounds. Preference is given to ammonium halides, such as alkyltrimethylammonium chlorides, dialkyldimethylammonium chlorides and trialkylmethylammonium chlorides, e.g., cetyltrimethylammonium chloride, stearyltrimethylammonium chloride, distearyldimethylammonium chloride, lauryldimethylammonium chloride, lauryldimethylbenzylammonium chloride and tricetylmethylammonium chloride. Further cationic surfactants which can be used according to the invention constitute the quaternized protein hydrolysates.
Likewise suitable according to the invention are cationic silicone oils, such as, for example, the commercially available products Q2-7224 (manufacturer: Dow Corning; a stabilized trimethylsilylamodimethicone), Dow Corning 929 emulsion (comprising a hydroxylamino-modified silicone, which is also referred to as amodimethicone), SM-2059 (manufacturer: General Electric), SLM-55067 (manufacturer: Wacker), and Abil®-Quat 3270 and 3272 (manufacturer: Th. Goldschmidt; diquaternary polydimethylsiloxanes, quaternium-80).
Alkylamidoamines, in particular fatty acid amidoamines, such as the stearylamidopropyldimethylamine obtainable under the name Tego Amid® S 18, are characterized not only by a good conditioning effect, but specifically by their good biodegradability. Likewise of very good biodegradability are quaternary ester compounds, so-called “ester quats.” such as the methylhydroxyalkyldialkoyloxyalkylammonium methosulfates sold under the trade name Stepantex®, and also the products sold under the trade name Dehyquart®, such as Dehyquart® AU46.
One example of a quaternary sugar derivative which can be used as cationic surfactant is the commercial product Glucquat® 100, according to INCI nomenclature a “Lauryl Methyl Gluceth-10 Hydroxypropyl Dimonium Chloride.”
The compounds with alkyl groups used as surfactants may in each case be uniform substances. It is, however, usually preferred when preparing these substances to start from native vegetable or animal raw materials, giving mixtures of substances with varying alkyl chain lengths which depend on the particular raw material.
Surfactants which constitute addition products of ethylene oxide and/or propylene oxide onto fatty alcohols or derivatives of these addition products which may be used are either products with a “normal” homologue distribution, or those with a narrowed homologue distribution. In this connection, “normal” homologue distribution is understood as meaning mixtures of homologues which are obtained during the reaction of fatty alcohol and alkylene oxide using alkali metals, alkali metal hydroxides or alkali metal alkoxides as catalysts. By contrast, narrowed homologue distributions are obtained if, for example, hydrotalcites, alkaline earth metal salts of ethercarboxylic acids, alkaline earth metal oxides, hydroxides or alkoxides are used as catalysts. The use of products with a narrowed homologue distribution may be preferred.
In addition, the bleaching agents according to the invention can preferably also comprise a conditioning active ingredient chosen from the group which is formed by cationic surfactants, cationic polymers, alkylamidoamines, paraffin oils, vegetable oils and synthetic oils.
As conditioning active ingredients, cationic polymers may be preferred. These are generally polymers which comprise a quaternary nitrogen atom, for example in the form of an ammonium group.
Preferred cationic polymers are, for example,
Particular preference is given to cationic polymer from the first four groups, and very particular preference is given to polyquaternium-2, polyquaternium-10 and polyquaternium-22.
Also suitable as conditioning active ingredients are silicone oils, in particular dialkyl- and alkylarylsiloxanes, such as, for example, dimethylpolysiloxane and methylphenylpolysiloxane, and alkoxylated and quaternized analogues thereof. Examples of such silicones are the products sold by Dow Coming under the names DC 190, DC 200, DC 344, DC 345 and DC 1401, and the commercial products Q2-7224 (manufacturer: Dow Coming; a stabilized trimethylsilylamodimethicone), Dow Corning® 929 emulsion (comprising a hydroxylamino-modified silicone, which is also referred to as amodimethicone), SM-2059 (manufacturer: General Electric), SLM-55067 (manufacturer: Wacker), and Abil®-Quat 3270 and 3272 (manufacturer: Th. Goldschmidt; diquaternary polydimethylsiloxanes, quaternium-80).
As conditioning active ingredients it is likewise possible to use paraffin oils, synthetically prepared oligomeric alkenes, and vegetable oils, such as jojoba oil, sunflower oil, orange oil, almond oil, wheatgerm oil and peach kernel oil, and also tocopherol acetate.
Equally suitable hair-conditioning compounds are phospholipids, for example soya lecithin, egg lecithin and cephalins.
Further active ingredients, auxiliaries and additives are, for example,
With regard to further optional components and the amounts of these components used, reference is expressly made to the relevant handbooks known to the person skilled in the art, e.g., Kh. Schrader, Grundlagen und Rezepturen der Kosmetika [Fundamentals and formulations of cosmetics], 2nd Edition, Hüthig Buch Verlag, Heidelberg, 1989.
The present invention fourthly provides a method of lightening keratin-containing fibers, in which the fibers are treated with one of the agents described above.
The EXAMPLES below serve to illustrate the subject-matter of the present invention, but without limiting it.
As component A, the following cream bases A and B as in TABLE 1 were prepared:
1C16-C18-fatty alcohol (INCI name: Cetearyl alcohol) (COGNIS).
2C12-C18-fatty alcohol (INCI name: Coconut alcohol) (COGNIS).
3Lauryl ether sulfate, sodium salt (about 27.5% active substance; (INCI name: Sodium Laureth Sulfate) (COGNIS).
4Wheat protein hydrolysate (INCI name: Aqua (Water), Hydrolyzed Wheat Protein, Sodium Benzoate, Phenoxyethanol, Methylparaben, Propylparaben) (COGNIS).
Prior to application to the hair, 12.5 g of ammonium peroxodisulfate were mixed into cream base A, or 12.5 g of ammonium peroxodisulfate and 5.0 g of sodium waterglass 40/42 were mixed into 50 g of cream base B. The two resulting mixtures were each admixed with 50 g of component B as in table 2 to give bleaching agent I or II, respectively. Finally, the pH was adjusted to pH 6.1 using an aqueous solution of 50% by weight citric acid.
51-Hydroxyethane-1,1-diphosphonic acid (about 60% active substance; INCI name: Etidronic Acid) (Cognis).
6Sodium lauryl ether sulfate (about 28% active substance; INCI name: Sodium Laureth Sulfate) (Cognis).
7Nonionogenic silicone emulsion (about 10% active substance; INCI name: Dimethicone) (Dow Corning).
8Aqueous acrylate dispersion (about 28% active substance; INCI name: Acrylates Copolymer) (Rohm & Haas).
The degree of lightening was determined on standardized hair swatches (Alkinco 6634) by colorimetric measurements of the fibers. The bleaching agents prepared in point 1.0 are each treated with a hair swatch for 15 minutes at 32° C. and then rinsed with water. The hair was finally dried and measured calorimetrically using the Texflash DC 3881 instrument from Datacolor to determine the CIE-Lab values.
The lightness differences of the lightened hair swatches arise from the particular CIE-Lab values as AL and the overall color change in the hair as color difference ΔE in accordance with the color difference formula given below (see also DIN 6174, German standards, Benth Verlag GmbH, Berlin, 1975). The values for the untreated starting hair serve as reference Lab values.
ΔE=[(ΔL)2+(Δa)2+(Δb)2]1/2 (color difference formula)
TABLE 3 summarizes the measured CIE-Lab values. The greater the ΔE value, the greater the color change compared with the starting hair. The greater the L value or the ΔL value, the higher the lightening power.
The experiment results demonstrate that the lightening power of a bleaching agent is increased 1.87-fold by adding sodium waterglass 40/42 as optionally hydrated SiO2 compound.
| Number | Date | Country | Kind |
|---|---|---|---|
| 103 39 163.0 | Aug 2003 | DE | national |
| Number | Date | Country | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Parent | PCT/EP04/09208 | Aug 2004 | US |
| Child | 11362399 | Feb 2006 | US |
