The present invention is related to the identification of users of wireless equipment. More specifically, such wireless equipment may be identified using an Internet Protocol (IP) address stored therein to access an IP-based network.
In GSM (Global System for Mobile communications) systems, a mobile station (MS) consists of a wireless terminal (i.e., handset) and a removable smart card called a Subscriber Identity Module (SIM). In 3rd Generation (3G) Universal Mobile Telecommunication Systems (UMTSs), User Equipment (UE) consists of mobile equipment (ME) and a removable smart card called the UMTS Subscriber Identity Module (USIM). The ME communicates with a UMTS Terrestrial Radio Access Network (UTRAN) node, which in turn, may establish a connection to a Circuit Switched (CS) or Packet Switched (PS) Core network.
An International Mobile Equipment Identity (IMEI) uniquely identifies the mobile equipment. The SIM or USIM card contains an International Mobile Subscriber Identity (IMSI) which uniquely identifies the subscriber. The IMEI and the IMSI are independent, thereby allowing personal mobility.
In the case of 3G UMTSs, a base station controller corresponds to a radio network controller (RNC). There, a plurality of base stations are controlled by a node B, which in turn has a connection to the RNC.
The SIM or the USIM provides personal mobility so that a user can have access to subscribed services irrespective of a specific terminal. By inserting the SIM card into another GSM or 3G terminal, the user is able to receive calls, make calls and receive other subscribed services from that terminal.
Protocol enhancements, specified by 3GPP TS 23.003, allow transparent routing of IP datagrams to mobile nodes in the Internet. An IP datagram is the fundamental unit of information passed across any network utilizing the Internet protocol. An IP datagram contains source and destination addresses, along with data and a number of fields that define such things as the length of the datagram, the header checksum and flags that indicate whether the datagram can be (or has been) fragmented.
Each mobile node is always identified by its home address, regardless of its current point of attachment to the Internet. A mobile node is a host or router that changes its point of attachment from one network or sub-network to another. A mobile node may change its location without changing its IP address. Thus, a mobile node may continue to communicate with other Internet nodes at any location using its constant IP address, assuming link-layer connectivity to a point of attachment is available.
When located away from its home, a mobile node is also associated with a care-of address, which provides information about its current point of attachment to the Internet. The care-of address is the termination point of a tunnel toward a mobile node. A tunnel is the path followed by a datagram while it is encapsulated. A foreign agent care-of message is an address of a foreign agent with which the mobile node is registered. A co-located care-of message is an externally obtained local address which the mobile node has associated with one of its own network interfaces.
The protocol provides for registering the care-of address with a home agent. A home agent is a router on a mobile node's home network which tunnels data grams for delivery to the mobile node when it is away from home, and maintains current location information for the mobile node. The home agent sends data grams destined for the mobile node through a tunnel to the care-of address. After arriving at the end of the tunnel, each datagram is then delivered to the mobile node.
In Internet routing, a care-of address is a temporary IP address for a mobile node (mobile device) that enables message delivery when the device is connecting from somewhere other than its home network. The care-of address identifies a mobile node's current point of attachment to the Internet and makes it possible to connect from a different location without changing the device's home address (permanent IP address). This works similarly to the way the postal system might forward letters through a care-of address: messages sent to the known permanent address are rerouted to the care-of address while the recipient can be reached there. Thus, the recipient avoids having to change their official address to the temporary one when they change their location, and change it back again when they return home.
When a mobile device is away from its home network, it is assigned a care-of address. This may be a foreign agent care-of address, which is the static IP address of a foreign agent on a visited network, or a co-located care-of address, which is a temporary IP address assigned to the mobile node. A co-located care-of address may be acquired through some means such as Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol (DHCP), or may be a longer-term address assigned a device for connecting through a specific foreign network. Mobile IP, as defined in the Internet Engineering Task Force (IETF) RFC 2002 specifications, registers the care-of address with a home agent which resides on the home network. When a message for the mobile node is delivered to the home network, the home agent intercepts the message and tunnels it to the recipient at the care-of address.
UEs can only be operated if a valid IMSI is present. An IMSI is primarily intended for obtaining PLMN information by subscribers for individual charging purposes. Current cellular systems, however, do not address the use of an MS or UE in the context of an IP-based network. As the use of IP-based networks becomes ubiquitous, the lack of IP-enabled functionality will present a problem for many MS or UE users.
As cellular systems move towards incorporating the features of an IP-based network, it is important to improve the functionality of an MS or UE (hereinafter “mobile unit”) with an IP address. The present invention identifies the mobile unit by an IP address stored in a SIM, USIM or any smart card that is being used in the mobile unit. Examples of the type of IP addresses covered are IPv4, IPv6 and care of addresses used in Mobile IP.
In a preferred embodiment, the mobile unit includes a handset and a removable storage module (e.g., SIM, USIM). The handset has a unique handset identity for transmitting, receiving and processing wireless communications. The removable storage module has a unique storage module identity for storing information specific to a user, including an IP address. Furthermore, the removable storage module may store PLMN information, IMSI information and User information. The handset selectively transmits such information to one or more networks for establishing a communications link with the networks.
The removable storage unit of the mobile unit may use the IMSI information and the IP address to access both an IP-based network and a cellular network at the same time, thus allowing a user of the mobile to access the cellular network for carrying out voice communications while querying an IP-based network for data.
Alternatively, the mobile unit may drop an established connection with one first network and route existing services associated with the first network through a second network.
The mobile unit 200 includes a handset 205 having a unique handset identity for transmitting, receiving and processing wireless communications. The mobile unit 200 further includes a removable storage module 210, having a unique storage module identity, which stores information specific to a user.
Referring to
The present invention has several key benefits over prior art systems. First, the IP address stored in the mobile unit 200 can be used in scenarios for handoff between a cellular system and a Wireless LAN (Local Area Network). Second, if the mobile unit 200 has an IP address with which it can be identified, then it is possible to connect to an IP-based network, such as the Internet, without going through a cellular network.
While the present invention has been described in terms of the preferred embodiment, other variations which are within the scope of the invention as outlined in the claims below will be apparent to those skilled in the art.
This application is a continuation of U.S. patent application Ser. No. 14/561,168 filed Dec. 4, 2014; which is a continuation of U.S. patent application Ser. No. 13/744,258 filed Jan. 17, 2013, now U.S. Pat. No. 8,909,232 issued Dec. 9, 2014; which is a continuation of U.S. patent application Ser. No. 12/646,491 filed Dec. 23, 2009, now U.S. Pat. No. 8,364,198 issued Jan. 29, 2013; which is a continuation of U.S. patent application Ser. No. 10/441,432 filed May 20, 2003, now U.S. Pat. No. 7,640,038 issued Dec. 29, 2009; which claims the benefit under 35 USC 119(e) of U.S. Provisional Patent Application No. 60/382,361 filed May 22, 2002, which applications are incorporated herein by reference as if fully set forth.
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20160119008 A1 | Apr 2016 | US |
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Parent | 14561168 | Dec 2014 | US |
Child | 14991781 | US | |
Parent | 13744258 | Jan 2013 | US |
Child | 14561168 | US | |
Parent | 12646491 | Dec 2009 | US |
Child | 13744258 | US | |
Parent | 10441432 | May 2003 | US |
Child | 12646491 | US |