Claims
- 1. A method of modifying a textile material, the method comprising attaching a multifunctional polymer to the material, wherein the multifunctional polymer comprises hydrophobic groups and hydrophilic groups.
- 2. The method of claim 1, wherein the method comprises attaching the multifunctional polymer to the material noncovalently via noncovalent interactions between the polymer and the material.
- 3. The method of claim 1, wherein the multifunctional polymer comprises reactive groups, and wherein method comprises attaching the multifunctional polymer to the material covalently by reaction of reactive groups on the polymer with reactive groups on the material.
- 4. The method of claim 1, wherein the textile material comprises a material selected from the group consisting of cotton, nylon and wool.
- 5. The method of claim 1, wherein the textile material comprises a hydrophobic or hydrophilic surface.
- 6. The method of claim 1, wherein the polymer is a copolymer comprising hydrophobic and hydrophilic regions.
- 7. The method of claim 6, wherein the polymer is formed by polymerization of hydrophobic monomers and hydrophilic monomers.
- 8. The method of claim 7, wherein the hydrophobic monomers are selected from the group consisting of N-(tert-butyl)acrylamide, n-decyl acrylamide, n-decyl methacrylate, N-dodecylmethacrylamide, 2-ethylhexyl acrylate, 1-hexadecyl methacrylate, n-myristyl acrylate, N-(n-octadecyl) acrylamide, n-octadecyltriethoxysilane, N-tert-octylacrylate, stearyl acrylate, stearyl methacrylate, vinyl laurate, vinyl stearate, fluoroacrylates, and fluorostyrenes; and
wherein the hydrophilic monomers are selected from the group consisting of hydrophilic monomers, acrylamide, acrylic acid, N-acryloyltris(hydroxymethyl)methylamine, bisacrylamidoacetic acid, glycerol mono(meth)acrylate, 4-hydroxybutyl methacrylate, 2-hydroxyethyl acrylate, 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate (glycol methacrylate), N-(2hydroxypropyl)methacrylamide, N-methacryloyltris(hydroxymethyl)methylamine, N-methylmethacrylamide, poly(ethylene glycol) (n) monomethacrylate, poly(ethylene glycol) (n) monomethyl ether monomethacrylate, 2-sulfoethyl methacrylate, 1,1,1-trimethylolpropane monoallyl ether, N-vinyl-2-pyrrolidone (1-vinyl-2-pyrrolidinone), and 2-hydroxyethylmethacrylate.
- 9. The method of claim 1, wherein the multifunctional polymer is a polysaccharide modified by the covalent attachment of a molecule comprising hydrophobic groups.
- 10. The method of claim 1, wherein the multifunctional polymer comprises a poly(amino acid) modified by the covalent attachment of a molecule comprising hydrophobic groups.
- 11. The method of claim 1, wherein the multifunctional polymer comprises a comb or graft copolymer.
- 12. The method of claim 11, wherein the polymer comprises a hydrophobic synthetic polymer backbone and hydrophilic groups grafted thereto.
- 13. The method of claim 12, wherein the synthetic polymer backbone comprises a polymer selected from the group consisting of a polyester, polypropylene, polyethylene or copolymer thereof, and wherein the grafted hydrophilic groups comprise polypeptide or polysaccharide moieties.
- 14. The method of claim 3, wherein the reactive groups are amine, hydroxyl, carboxyl, amide, beta-ketoester, aldehyde, anhydride, acyl chloride, carboxylic acid hydrazide, oxirane, isocyanate, or methylolamide groups.
- 15. The method of claim 3, wherein the multifunctional polymer comprises a hydrophilic polymer comprising a plurality of reactive groups.
- 16. The method of claim 3, wherein the multifunctional polymer comprises polymerized monomers selected from the group consisting of 2-(acetoacetoxy)ethyl methacrylate, N-acroyloxysuccinimide, acrolein, acrylic anhydride, allylsuccinic anhydride, citraconic anhydride, 4,4′-hexafluoro-iso-propylidenebisphthalic anhydride, methacrylic anhydride, 4-methacryloxyethyl trimellitic anhydride, acryloyl chloride, methacryloyl chloride, adipic acid dihydrazide, allyl glycidyl ether, glycidyl acrylate, glycidyl methacrylate, -dimethyl-3-isopropenylenzyl isocyanate, N-methylolacrylamide, and N-methylolmethacrylamide.
- 17. The method of claim 3, wherein the multifunctional polymer comprises a polymer selected from the group consisting of a polyacetal, polyacrolein, poly(methyl isopropenyl ketone), poly(vinyl methyl ketone), poly(ethylene glycol) modified to comprise aldehyde groups, poly(ethylene glycol) modified to comprise carbonyldiimidazole groups, poly(acrylic anhydride), poly(alkalene oxide/maleic anhydride) copolymers, poly(azelaic anhydride), poly(butadiene/maleic anhydride) copolymers, poly(ethylene/maleic anhydride) copolymers, poly(maleic anhydride), poly(maleic anhydride/1-octadecene) copolymers, poly(vinyl methyl ether/maleic anhydride) copolymers, poly(styrene/maleic anhydride) copolymers, poly(acrylolyl chloride), poly(methacryloyl chloride), chlorinated polydimethylsiloxane chlorinated polyethylene, chlorinated polyisoprene, chlorinated polypropylene, chlorinated poly(vinyl chloride), poly(ethylene glycol) modified to comprise epoxides, poly(ethylene glycol) modified to comprise isocyanate groups, poly(glycidyl methacrylate), poly(acrylic hydrazide/methyl acrylate) copolymers, succinimidyl ester polymers, poly(ethylene glycol) modified to comprise succinimidyl ester groups, poly(ethylene glycol) modified to comprise tresylate groups, and poly(ethylene glycol) modified to comprise vinyl sulfone groups.
- 18. A method of modifying a material, the method comprising attaching a multifunctional polymer to the material, wherein the multifunctional polymer is capable of non-covalently or covalently binding the material; and
wherein the multifunctional polymer is a modified poly(maleic anhydride) polymer.
- 19. The method of claim 18, wherein the multifunctional polymer is attached to the material covalently via a reaction between functional groups on the polymer and the material.
- 20. The method of claim 18, wherein the multifunctional polymer is attached to the material noncovalently via noncovalent interactions between the polymer and the material.
- 21. The method of claim 18, wherein the material is selected from cotton, nylon and wool.
- 22. The method of claim 18, wherein the modified poly(maleic anhydride) polymer comprises a poly(maleic anhydride) polymer modified by the covalent attachment of a hydrophobic molecule.
- 23. The method of claim 19, wherein the modified poly(maleic anhydride) polymer is attached to the material via the formation of ester or amide bonds between the polymer and the material.
- 24. The method of claim 22, wherein the modified poly(maleic anhydride) polymer comprises a poly(maleic anhydride) polymer attached to a hydrophobic molecule to the poly(maleic anhydride) polymer via an ester or amide bond.
- 25. The method of claim 24, wherein the hydrophobic molecule has the formula R-X, where R is a C8-C24 hydrocarbon or fluorocarbon, and X is OH, NH2 or SH.
- 26. The method of claim 18, wherein the modified poly(maleic anhydride) polymer is a copolymer of maleic anhydride and an alkene comprising a hydrophobic group.
- 27. The method of claim 26, wherein the alkene is a hydroalkylalkene or a fluoralkyl alkene.
- 28. The method of claim 18, wherein the modified poly(maleic anhydride) polymer is a copolymer of maleic anhydride and a molecule R-X, wherein R is a C8-C24 hydrocarbon or fluorocarbon, and X is polymerizable moiety.
- 29. The method of claim 28, wherein the polymerizable moiety is an unsaturated group.
- 30. The method of claim 27, wherein the modified poly(maleic anhydride) polymer is formed by copolymerization of maleic anhydride and an alkene comprising a hydrophobic group, optionally followed by hydrolysis of anhydrides on the resulting polymer to form free carboxyl groups on the modified polymer.
- 31. The method of claim 18, wherein the modified poly(maleic anhydride) polymer comprises a poly(maleic anhydride) polymer comprising covalently attached polyamide groups.
- 32. The method of claim 31, wherein the polyamide groups are nylon groups.
- 33. The method of claim 32, wherein the material is cotton or wool, and wherein the attachment of the multifunctional polymer enhances the abrasion resistance of the material.
- 34. The method of claim 18, wherein the modified poly(maleic anhydride) polymer comprises a poly(maleic anhydride) polymer comprising covalently attached polysaccharide groups.
- 35. The method of claim 34, wherein the polysaccharide groups are dextran, starch or cellulose groups.
- 36. The method of claim 35, wherein the material is wool or nylon.
- 37. A method of modifying a textile material, the method comprising attaching an upper critical solution temperature polymer to the material.
- 38. The method of claim 37, wherein the method comprises attaching the polymer to the material noncovalently via noncovalent interactions between the polymer and the material.
- 39. The method of claim 37, wherein polymer comprises reactive groups, and wherein method comprises attaching the polymer to the material covalently by reaction of reactive groups on the polymer with reactive groups on the material.
- 40. The method of claim 37, wherein the polymer is selected from the group consisting of poly(ethylene oxide), alkylpoly(ethylene oxide), poly(propylene oxide), poly(vinyl methyl ether), hydroxypropyl acrylate, hydroxypropyl methylcellulose, hydroxypropyl cellulose, hydroxyethyl cellulose, methylcellulose, poly (vinyl alcohol), poly (N-substituted acrylamides), poly (N-acryloyl pyrrolidine), poly (N-acryloyl piperidine), poly (acryloyl-L-amino acid esters), poly(ethyl oxazoline), poly (methacrylic acid), and copolymers and triblock polymers thereof.
- 41. The method of claim 37, wherein the material comprises cotton or wool.
- 42. A material produced by the method of claim 1.
- 43. A material produced by the method of claim 18.
- 44. A material produced by the method of claim 36.
- 45. A material produced by the method of claim 37.
- 46. A modified cellulosic or polyamide material comprising a cellulosic or polyamide material having covalently bonded thereto a multifunctional molecule comprising hydrophobic groups and hydrophilic groups.
- 47. The modified material of claim 46, wherein the multifunctional polymer is formed by polymerization of hydrophobic monomers and hydrophilic monomers.
- 48. The modified material of claim 47, wherein hydrophobic monomers are selected from the group consisting of N-(tert-butyl)acrylamide, n-decyl acrylamide, n-decyl methacrylate, N-dodecylmethacrylamide, 2-ethylhexyl acrylate, 1-hexadecyl methacrylate, n-myristyl acrylate, N-(n-octadecyl) acrylamide, n-octadecyltriethoxysilane, N-tert-octylacrylate, stearyl acrylate, stearyl methacrylate, vinyl laurate, vinyl stearate, fluoroacrylates, and fluorostyrenes; and
wherein the hydrophilic monomers are selected from the group consisting of hydrophilic monomers, acrylamide, acrylic acid, N-acryloyltris(hydroxymethyl)methylamine, bisacrylamidoacetic acid, glycerol mono(meth)acrylate, 4-hydroxybutyl methacrylate, 2-hydroxyethyl acrylate, 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate (glycol methacrylate), N-(2-hydroxypropyl)methacrylamide, N-methacryloyltris(hydroxymethyl)methylamine, N-methylmethacrylamide, poly(ethylene glycol) (n) monomethacrylate, poly(ethylene glycol) (n) monomethyl ether monomethacrylate, 2-sulfoethyl methacrylate, 1,1,1-trimethylolpropane monoallyl ether, N-vinyl-2-pyrrolidone (1-vinyl-2-pyrrolidinone), and 2-hydroxyethylmethacrylate.
- 49. The modified material of claim 46, wherein the multifunctional polymer is a polysaccharide modified by the covalent attachment of a molecule comprising hydrophobic groups.
- 50. The modified material of claim 46, wherein the multifunctional polymer comprises a poly(amino acid) modified by the covalent attachment of a molecule comprising hydrophobic groups.
- 51. The modified material of claim 46, wherein the multifunctional molecule comprises a poly(maleic anhydride) polymer comprising covalently attached hydrophilic or hydrophobic groups.
CROSS REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS
[0001] This application claims the benefit of U.S. Provisional Patent Applications Serial No. 60,1080,185, filed Mar. 24, 1998; Serial No. 60/093,820, filed Jul. 23, 1998; Serial No. 60/093,911, filed Jul. 23, 1998; Serial No. 60/105,890, filed Oct. 27, 1998; and Serial No. 60/117,641, filed Jan. 28, 1999, the disclosures of which are incorporated herein by reference in their entirety.
Provisional Applications (5)
|
Number |
Date |
Country |
|
60080185 |
Mar 1998 |
US |
|
60093820 |
Jul 1998 |
US |
|
60093911 |
Jul 1998 |
US |
|
60105890 |
Oct 1998 |
US |
|
60117641 |
Jan 1999 |
US |
Divisions (1)
|
Number |
Date |
Country |
Parent |
09274749 |
Mar 1999 |
US |
Child |
10059657 |
Jan 2002 |
US |