This application is filed as original and therefore makes no priority claim.
Exemplary embodiments relate generally to modular framework substructures for creating insulated concrete walls and related walls, systems, and methods.
ICFs are sometimes used to create walls, specifically insulated concrete walls, for structures. Typically, these forms are manufactured off site and include two parallel panels of insulation which are spaced apart by intermediate structures. The forms are installed at a building site and concrete is poured between the insulation panels to essentially sandwich the concrete between the insulation panels. Sometimes, rebar is provided at the intermediate structures before the concrete is poured to structurally reinforce the wall. The forms themselves can be unstable, particularly when stacked. Furthermore, this conventional approach may result in at least outer surfaces with limited structural strength, such as for supporting various types of siding installed thereto, and therefore sometimes intermediate framing or other structural support is required. Furthermore, aligning the forms is generally performed manually and can be difficult to execute with a high level of precision. Therefore, what is needed is a stronger, more reliable, precise, and/or cost-effective approach to creating insulated concrete walls.
Modular framework substructures for creating insulated concrete walls are disclosed, along with related walls, systems, and methods which provide a stronger, more reliable, precise, and/or cost-effective approach. Each of the substructures include exterior and interior panels. The exterior walls may define a partial enclosure. The interior panels may define an interior passageway for concrete. The interior and exterior panels may define additional passageways for insulation. Openings may be provided in at least certain of the exterior panels, and in some embodiment at least certain of the interior panels, to allow passage of concrete between adjacent substructures. The substructures may be provided in various sizes and/or shapes with various locations of the openings. In this way, various size and/or shape walls may be created by appropriately positioning the appropriately sized and/or shaped substructures.
The substructures may include one or more interlocking features. The interlocking features may include portions of the interior panels which extend below the exterior panels, such as to form a framework. The framework may fit within the interior panels of a vertically adjacent substructure. A bottom portion of the framework may be tapered for alignment and fit. Alternatively, or additionally, the interlocking features may include tabs and mating recesses. In exemplary embodiments, without limitations, the tabs may be provided on the framework and the mating recesses may be provided on the interior panels. Alternatively, or additionally, the interlocking features may include apertures on some or all of the exterior panels, such as to accept ties which are passed between the apertures of adjacent substructures to connect them.
The substructures may include flank panels which are offset vertically and/or laterally from an associated exterior panel. The flank panels may be used for alignment and/or partial sealing of adjacent substructures. The flank panels may optionally include a lip for frictionally engaging and/or further sealing adjacent substructures, such as those positioned substantially perpendicular to one another.
Further features and advantages of the systems and methods disclosed herein, as well as the structure and operation of various aspects of the present disclosure, are described in detail below with reference to the accompanying figures.
In addition to the features mentioned above, other aspects of the present invention will be readily apparent from the following descriptions of the drawings and exemplary embodiments, wherein like reference numerals across the several views refer to identical, similar, or equivalent features, and wherein:
Various embodiments of the present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. In the following description, specific details such as detailed configuration and components are merely provided to assist the overall understanding of these embodiments of the present invention. Therefore, it should be apparent to those skilled in the art that various changes and modifications of the embodiments described herein can be made without departing from the scope and spirit of the present invention. In addition, descriptions of well-known functions and constructions are omitted for clarity and conciseness.
Embodiments of the invention are described herein with reference to illustrations of idealized embodiments (and intermediate structures) of the invention. As such, variations from the shapes of the illustrations as a result, for example, of manufacturing techniques and/or tolerances, are to be expected. Thus, embodiments of the invention should not be construed as limited to the particular shapes of regions illustrated herein but are to include deviations in shapes that result, for example, from manufacturing.
The substructure 10 may remain in place, such as after the concrete is cured. For example, the substructures 10 may provide a surface for installing siding or other material. In exemplary embodiments, at least some, if not all, of the substructures 10 may be interlocking to temporarily secure them in place before concrete is installed, for example.
The substructures 10 may include notches 30 or other features for holding rebar or other structural reinforcement material, such as through the interior space(s) 18 to be cured and left in place with the resulting wall.
The interior panels 14 may define an interior passageway 18, such as for the concrete. Space(s) between the interior panels 14 and at least certain of the exterior panels 12 may define additional passageways 36 for the insulation. Preferably, upper and/or lower sides of the substructure 10 are at least substantially (e.g., at least 80%), if not wholly, open, though such is not necessarily required. This may allow the concrete to flow vertically between substructures 10 to create various height walls. In other exemplary embodiments, the substructure 10 may optionally include top surfaces and/or bottom surfaces, such as to provide a cap or floor to contain the provided concrete, for example.
Where the substructure 10 are substantially cuboidal in shape, the additional passageways 36 may take the form of channels which extend along opposing sides of the substructure 10. Preferably, the additional passageways 36 extend all, or substantially all, an interior length of the substructure 10, however, they terminate within the individual substructures 10. In this way, the provided insulation is contained, at least laterally, within the individual substructures 10. The additional passageways 36 may optionally be open on the top and/or bottom, though such is not required. The additional passageways 36 (e.g., channels) may be fluidly separated from the interior space 18 for the concrete, and instead may be provided to receive and hold insulation 32, such as illustrated in
Foaming type insulation 32 may be provided at the additional passageways 36 and allowed to cure. In this fashion, outer, insulation layers of the walls may be created with the substructure 10. Preferably, the insulation 32 is installed offsite and delivered with the substructures 10 to a building site.
In certain exemplary embodiments, the interior panels 14 may intersect one another. Where intersecting, openings 40 may be provided in the interior panels 14 to provide continuity within the respective additional passageways 36 and accommodate the flow of insulation within the respective additional passageways 36. In other exemplary embodiments, the interior panels 14 may not intersect and may instead extend at least substantially (e.g., at least 80%), if not wholly, parallel with one another. In such embodiments, the openings 40 may not be required since the additional passageways 36 may be inherently continuous. In at least some exemplary embodiments, the interior panels 14 and exterior panels 12 may also extend at least substantially (e.g., at least 80%), if not wholly, parallel to one another.
The interior panels 14 may define, at least in part, interior passageway(s) 18 for concrete. Interior passageway 14 of a respective substructure 10 may be interior to all of the additional passageway(s) 36 of the respective substructure 10. In this way, the substructures 10 may be used to create a layer of concrete between the dual insulation layers 32, thereby creating insulated concrete walls which are at least partially encased by the exterior panels 12 of the substructure(s) 10.
At least one, if not multiple, of the exterior panels 12, and optionally one or more of the interior panels 14, may include one or more openings 16 for concrete to flow through. This may permit fluid connection between interior spaces 18 of multiple substructures 10, such as to allow concrete to flow, such as in an at least generally lateral direction, through multiple substructures 10 to create various size and/or shape walls. Preferably, concrete is deposited by way of the open top of one or more of the substructures 10.
The openings 16 may be provided in both the interior panels 14 and/or exterior panels 12 as needed. For example, without limitation, where the interior panels 14 intersect, openings 16 may be required in both the exterior panels 12 and the interior panels 14. Alternatively, without limitation, where the interior panels 14 intersect, openings 16 may be required in only the exterior panels 12. Exceptions may exist, for example without limitation, where the substructure 10 is configured to create a corner, turn, or other feature in a resulting wall.
The location, orientation, and/or number of openings 16 may vary based on the size and/or shape of the substructure 10 and/or desired size and/or shape of wall, forms 100, and/or concrete flow. For example, without limitation, all openings 16 in a given substructure 10 may be aligned, located perpendicular to one another, located at an angle relative to one another, combinations thereof, or the like.
Some or all of the openings 16 in the substructures 10 may comprise notches 30 or other features for receiving and/or securing rebar and/or other reinforcement members. Preferably, multiple notches 30 are provided in alignment along a lower edge or other portion of each of the openings 16. The notches 30 are preferably aligned between multiple openings 16 of a respective substructures 10, and/or across the openings 16 of multiple substructures 10, accommodate and support relatively rigid and heavy rebar or other structural reinforcement members.
The substructures 10 may be interlocking and may be provided with one or more interlocking features to facilitate the same. In exemplary embodiments, without limitation, the interlocking features may comprise a framework 20, which may be provided at a lower portion of some or all of the substructures 10. The framework 20 may be located interior to outer panels 12 of the substructure 10. In exemplary embodiments, without limitation, the framework 20 may comprise an extended portion of at least a middle-portion of the interior panels 14 which extends below a bottom edge of the exterior panels 12 and forms a hollow shape. For example, without limitation the framework 20 may form a hollow rectangle, square, or triangle within a larger rectangle, square, or triangle formed by the exterior panels 12. Other shapes may be utilized. The framework 20 may be configured to fit within the interior panels 14 of a vertically adjacent one of the substructures 10, such as of a common size and/or shape. In this fashion, a snug fit, interference fit, friction fit, compression fit, combinations thereof, or the like may be provided between vertically adjacent substructures 10.
A tapered edge 24 may be provided along a lower edge of the framework 20 of the first interlocking feature 20, such for ease of fit and alignment with adjacent substructures 10.
Alternatively, or additionally, the substructures 10 may comprise one or more tabs 26. The tab(s) 26 may be provided at the framework 20, for example, and may provide alternative or additional interlocking. For example, without limitation, the tab(s) 26 may each be configured to mate with a corresponding recess 34, where the corresponding recess 34 may be provided at an upper portion of the interior panels 14 of other substructures 10. Any size or shape framework 20, and preferably corresponding interior panels 14, may be utilized, such as with various size and/or shape substructures 10.
The tab(s) 26 may be biased in an advanced position. In this way, when a first one of the substructures 10 is positioned vertically adjacent to a second one of the substructures 10, such as with the framework 20 of the first substructure 10 inserted within the interior passageway 18 of the second substructure 10, the tabs 26 may be advanced and secured within the recesses 34 at the interior panel(s) 14 of the second substructure 10, thereby connecting the two substructures 10. The tabs 26 may be configured to provide frictional engagement, snap fit, interference fit, combinations thereof, or the like with the recess(es) 34. Any number and/or arrangement of tabs 26 and/or recesses 34 may be utilized, such as with various size and/or shape substructures 10. For example, without limitation, the tabs 26 may protrude below the interior panels 14 without necessarily requiring the framework 20.
Alternatively, or additionally, the substructures 10 may comprise one or more apertures 28. The apertures 28 may provide alternative or additional interlocking, such as between laterally and/or vertically adjacent substructures 10. The apertures 28 may be located, sized, and/or shaped to accommodate various items for interconnecting adjacent substructures 10 to one another by way of the apertures 28 of such adjacent substructures 10. For example, without limitation, the apertures 28 may be provided at upper and/or lower portions of at least some of the exterior panels 12 having the openings 16 therein. The apertures 28 may be configured to accommodate plastic ties, metal ties, rope, string, wire, combinations thereof, or the like which may be inserted through the aperture 28 of adjacent ones of the substructures 10 to tie or otherwise connect them to one another. The number, size, shape, and/or location of the apertures 28 is exemplary and not intended to be limiting.
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The openings 16 may be provided and/or arranged at the individual substructures 10 and/or forms 100 to allow connection of the substructures 10 to provide various shape and size forms 100 and resulting walls. For example, without limitation, the openings 16 may be provided on a forward, rear, and/or side surfaces of the substructures 10. In this fashion the interior space(s) 18 of the substructures 10 of a form 100 may collectively provide a continuous passage 118 for concrete in various directions (e.g., straight, left turn, right turn, right and left turn, angled passageway, curved passageway, combinations thereof, or the like). One of skill in the art will appreciate that a wide variety of size and/or shape forms 100 may be generated using the substructures 10 to create a wide variety of size and/or shape walls. Any number and/or type of the substructures 10 may be provided vertically and/or horizontally adjacent to one another, for example, to further vary size and/or shape of the forms 100 and resulting walls.
Such substructures 10 may be optionally interlocked or otherwise connected when positioned adjacent to one another in the forms 100, such as before concrete material is deposited in the passageways 18 which may permanently or further connect the substructures 10 into the forms 100 and also generating the walls.
While some embodiments of the substructures 10 are shown and/or described herein of comprising a single substructure 10 or multiple substructures 10 provided adjacent to one another, such as to create various size and/or shape forms 100, those of skill in the art will appreciate that such forms 100 may be provided as an integrally formed substructure 10, and likewise that internally formed forms 100 may be provided as multiple substructures 10 which may be placed adjacent to one another and connected to create various forms 100.
The substructures 10 in exemplary embodiments, without limitation, may be formed from one or more polymers. The insulation 32 may comprise a foaming polystyrene, for example without limitation, though other insulating materials may be utilized. While concrete is discussed in many instances, other structural materials may be utilized. Other materials may be installed interior or exterior to the substructures 10, such as to create the final wall or other structure. Such other materials may include, for example without limitation, insulation, vapor barriers, siding, decorative objects, electrical materials (e.g., wiring, conduit, etc.), plumbing materials (e.g., pipes, valves, etc.), structural materials, fixtures, combinations thereof, or the like.
Each of the substructures 10 may comprise one or more flank panels 13. In exemplary embodiments, without limitation, the flank panels 13A, 13B are provided on each side of the substructures 10 not having the openings 16 therein. The flank panels 13 may be offset from the underlying exterior panels 12. In this fashion, the flank panels 13 may be used to align and/or further stabilize the substructures 10 with one another, such as when placing together to generate the forms 100. The offset may be lateral and/or vertical, preferably both. The flank panels 13 may be separate from the exterior panels 12, or may be integrally formed therewith. Some or all of the flank panels 13 may comprise a lip 15. The lip 15 may extend away from the flank panel 13 and may be configured to cause frictional engagement when the substructure 10 are arranged to create the forms 100.
The flank panels 13 and/or lips 15 may be one of the interlocking features. For example, without limitation, the flank panels 13 and/or lips 15 assist with aligning the substructures 10 when positioned adjacent to one another to generate the forms 100. The flank panels 13 and/or lips 15 may, alternatively or additionally, provide a level of ingress protection, such as against liquids, dust, combinations thereof or the like. For example, without limitation, the flank panels 13 may overlap with the adjacent exterior panels 12, at least in part, thereby making ingress more difficult and/or providing a partial seal. Alternatively, or additionally, the lips 15 may abut adjacent substructures 10, such as to provide at least partial sealing to perpendicularly disposed substructures 10 of a form 100, by way of non-limiting example.
Some of all of the substructure 10 may comprise multiple of the apertures 28 at each side of the openings 16. Preferably, the apertures 28 are spaced apart from one another along a given side of the openings 16.
Any embodiment of the present invention may include any of the features of the other embodiments of the present invention. The exemplary embodiments herein disclosed are not intended to be exhaustive or to unnecessarily limit the scope of the invention. The exemplary embodiments were chosen and described in order to explain the principles of the present invention so that others skilled in the art may practice the invention. Having shown and described exemplary embodiments of the present invention, those skilled in the art will realize that many variations and modifications may be made to the described invention. Many of those variations and modifications will provide the same result and fall within the spirit of the claimed invention.