The popularity of saunas for treatment of a myriad of conditions is ever increasing. With that comes increased interest in incorporating sauna units into residential dwellings and commercial spaces. One available option is a stand-alone, pre-manufactured sauna unit that can be disposed in an existing location. Another option is an integrated sauna unit that is constructed in and potentially as part of the structure at a location. Yet another option is a stand-alone heating unit that can be disposed in a room or other location to provide sauna-like qualities and/or infrared heating to the room.
Construction of such integrated sauna units can be complex and much more expensive than simply disposing a stand-alone unit in an available space. For example, construction may require access to the internal structures at the location, i.e. access to studs or support members in walls, ceilings, etc. Additionally, certain design characteristics like clearance between insulation in the walls of the structure and heating elements of the sauna must be adhered to for safety. A licensed electrician is also likely required to design and provide connections between the heating units and a controller for the sauna unit as well as between the sauna unit and a power grid of the structure.
Exemplary embodiments are defined by the claims below, not this summary. A high-level overview of various aspects thereof is provided here to introduce a selection of concepts that are further described in the Detailed-Description section below. This summary is not intended to identify key features or essential features of the claimed subject matter, nor is it intended to be used in isolation to determine the scope of the claimed subject matter. In brief, this disclosure describes infrared heaters for a sauna unit and methods for installing a sauna in a structure.
In one embodiment, infrared heaters for a sauna unit are described. The heaters are configured to generate infrared radiation in one or more of near, mid, and far infrared radiation spectrums using one or more forms of electrical heating element such as planar carbon resistance heaters, LEDs, polyimide heaters, halogen bulbs, or the like. The heating elements are disposed within a housing having a back wall, a perimeter wall extending about the perimeter thereof and an open front face. The housing may be dimensioned and/or provided with features configured for coupling the housing to walls of a structure. For example, the housing may be dimensioned to span between and couple to studs of a structure or may include fastener holes therethrough that align with the studs.
The heating elements are preferably enclosed within the housing by a fabric, metallic, composite, or similar material that is substantially transparent to infrared emissions and that is disposed to extend across and between distal edges of the perimeter wall. For example, the material may comprise a carbonized bamboo fabric that enables infrared radiation produced by the heating elements to pass through while also providing an aesthetically pleasing appearance. The material may also aid to protect a user against contact with the heating elements. A trim piece is coupled to the perimeter wall to cover an edge of the housing and a junction between the material and the housing.
The infrared heater is configured for direct mounting on a wall of a structure, such as on a drywall sheathing commonly used in residential structures. It is common practice to line an interior of a sauna unit with a wood paneling or planks. Accordingly, the perimeter wall of the housing is dimensioned to accommodate a thickness of such a paneling between the wall surface and a backside of the trim piece. The trim piece thus overlaps a gap between the wood paneling and the perimeter wall of the heater unit to provide an aesthetic appearance.
The heater is provided with a pigtail that that can be directly or indirectly coupled to a controller for the sauna unit. The pigtail is configured to carry all power and data communications necessary to operate the heater and includes a terminal coupler. The terminal coupler is configured to couple to an extension line to provide additional length to the pigtail or to couple directly to a communications bus. The communications bus may be coupled to a plurality of heater units. The communications bus may be integrated with a controller or the controller may be communicably coupled to the bus.
In another embodiment, a method for constructing a sauna unit is provided. A plurality of heater units are mounted at desired locations on a structure. The heater units may be mounted on existing surfaces of a structure, such as for example, on exiting drywall covered walls of an existing room. Or a structure may be newly purpose-built for the sauna unit, in which case the heater units may be mounted directly to studs or other support members of the newly built structure. Pigtails from each of the heater units are coupled to a communications bus to provide electrical communications with a controller. The communications bus and/or the controller is coupled with an electrical grid of the structure using an existing plug and socket like that commonly found in residential and commercial structures for connection to, for example, a source of 120 volt or 240 volt alternating current. Alternatively, a direct wire connection may be employed. A paneling, such as wood paneling or planks may be installed on walls of the structure. The paneling is preferably disposed to abut or to extend into close proximity to the heater units such that the trim piece of the heater units overlies edges of the paneling adjacent to the heater units.
In another embodiment, one or more standalone heaters are provided. The standalone heaters may be self-supporting on a floor surface or may be mounted on a wall or ceiling. The standalone heaters can be employed to provide a sauna-like experience in a room without full construction of an integrated sauna unit. The standalone heaters may also be employed to provide infrared treatments and/or heating of the room.
Illustrative embodiments are described in detail below with reference to the attached drawing figures, and wherein:
The subject matter of select exemplary embodiments is described with specificity herein to meet statutory requirements. But the description itself is not intended to necessarily limit the scope of claims. Rather, the claimed subject matter might be embodied in other ways to include different components, steps, or combinations thereof similar to the ones described in this document, in conjunction with other present or future technologies. Terms should not be interpreted as implying any particular order among or between various steps herein disclosed unless and except when the order of individual steps is explicitly described. The terms “about” or “approximately” or “substantially” as used herein denote deviations from the exact value by +/−0%, preferably by +/−5% and/or deviations in the form of changes that are insignificant to the function.
Exemplary embodiments are described herein with respect to the drawings in which reference numerals are employed to identify particular components or features. Similar elements in the various embodiments depicted are provided with reference numerals having matching second and third digits but with differing first digits, e.g. element 10 is similar to elements 110, 210, etc. Such is provided to avoid redundant description of similar features of the elements but is not intended to indicate the features or elements are necessarily the same.
With initial reference to
The heating elements 105 preferably comprise a planar infrared heating element, such as for example and not limitation, a polyimide, carbon, or ceramic sheet, but may also include one or more LED arrays or halogen bulbs, among other available heating element configurations. The heating element 105 is configured to emit infrared radiation in one or more of the near-, mid-, and far-infrared spectrums.
The boundaries defining the near-, mid-, and far-infrared ranges are not precisely defined in the scientific community. Generally, near-infrared ranges from about 750-1500 nanometers (nm), mid-infrared ranges from about 1500-7000 nm, and the far-infrared range is greater than about 7000 nm up to about 1 millimeter. In some embodiments, the near infrared range is defined to include all or at least a portion of the spectrum of visible light, especially the portion including red light, and thus includes wavelengths from about 400 nm to about 1500 nm or from about 480 nm to about 960 nm or from about 580 nm to about 960 nm.
Returning now to
The back wall 106 may include one or more knock-out panels 112, diaphragm panels, apertures or other openings that enable passage of a cable or a pigtail 113 or other electrical and/or communication wires and cables through the back wall 106. The pigtail 113 (shown schematically in
The perimeter wall 108 extends forwardly from and along the perimeter edges of the back wall 106 to provide the housing 102 with an open-faced, cuboidal form. In one embodiment, the perimeter wall 108 preferably extends generally orthogonally from the plane of the back wall 106. It is understood that other forms may be used without departing from the scope of exemplary embodiments described herein. The perimeter wall 108 may include a mounting flange 120 at a distal end thereof that extends generally inwardly and parallel to the back wall 106 and that provides a mounting location for the trim piece 104. The mounting flange 120 may include features 121 configured to aid coupling with the trim piece 104, such as, for example and not limitation, threaded bores, magnetic components, latches, hooks, and the like.
In some embodiments, the perimeter wall 108 is configured to enable passage of the pigtail 113 therethrough. One or more knockouts or existing apertures may be provided to allow the pigtail 113 to be routed through the perimeter wall 108 or a socket or similar connector may be installed in the perimeter wall 108 (or in the back wall 106) to enable coupling with the extension cable 118 or similar component.
As depicted in
As shown in
The trim piece 104 may include one or more cross-members 126 extending across its length and/or width. The cross-members 126 may provide stiffness to the trim piece 104 and may aid to resist or prevent contact between a user and the heating elements 105 disposed within the housing 102. The cross-members 126 might also obscure joints or spaces between separate heating elements 105 disposed within the heater 100.
A protective and/or aesthetic fabric 128 may be provided on a backside of the trim piece 104 to obscure a user's view of the contents of the housing 102. The fabric 128 may alternatively be coupled to the housing 102 to extend between the mounting flanges 120 or may be provided on a front face of the heating elements 105. The fabric 128 preferably comprises a material that is substantially permeable or transparent to infrared radiation, and, in one embodiment, may comprise a fabric formed at least in part from carbonized bamboo filaments. In another embodiment, the fabric 128 comprises a perforated plastic, metallic, ceramic, composite, wood, or similar sheet material which may be at least semi-rigid to resist deflection into contact with the underlying heating element 105.
With continued reference to
In some embodiments, the studs 130 are covered with a drywall, gypsum board, or other common wall sheathing 131 and the heaters 100 may be abutted against the wall sheathing 131, as depicted in
The structure includes any desired insulation, vapor barriers, or the like. Components, like seating, storage, lighting, or the like may be added to the structure and may provide additional mounting locations for the heaters 100. The structure is also prepared with any needed plumbing and electrical wiring, including the extension cables 118 which may be installed within the walls of the structure or along a surface of the walls. The controller 114 may be mounted in the structure and coupled with the extension cables 118 as well as with a local power grid. One or more sensors may also be installed in the structure to provide data and/or signals to the controller 114 to aid operation of the sauna. The controller may include a display unit 132 that is mounted within the structure and that enables a user to control one or more functions and operations of the sauna and/or displays one or more characteristics of the sauna. For example, the display 132 may include an LCD display that indicates a temperature in the sauna and/or a treatment time, among other characteristics or data elements associated with the operation of the sauna. In another embodiment, the display 132 and/or the controller 114 may comprise a computing device, such as a tablet computer, mobile device, or the like.
The controller 114 may further be communicably and/or operably coupled with a communications network, such as the internet, a wide area network, or a local area network, among others, and thus with one or more disparate controllers, data sources, and sensors, among other components. Such other controllers and components may be configured to remotely control or instruct operations of the controller 114 and thus the heaters 100 and any other components coupled thereto. For example, a user might start a preheat cycle for the sauna using a network connected device like a mobile smart phone from a location that is disparate from that of the sauna. Or the user might employ operational cycles or a training schedule that is provided to the controller 114 via a communications network from a disparate computing device, among a variety of other features. Operation of the sauna might also be tracked remotely for maintenance, hardware/software updates, billing, and the like. Further detail of such a distributed control and/or data network is provided in U.S. Patent Application Publication No. 2020/0069516 to Zack, filed Aug. 23, 2019, the disclosure of which is incorporated herein in its entirety by reference.
One or more modular infrared heaters 100 of equal or differing dimensions are selected and mounted to the walls of the structure in a desired arrangement. The heaters 100 may be coupled directly to the studs 130 via fasteners installed therebetween. In embodiments in which a wall sheathing 131 is present on the stud wall, the heaters 100 may be disposed on the sheathing 131 and coupled to the studs 130 or other support members via fasteners that extend through the sheathing 131 and into the studs 130. In some embodiments, a vapor barrier, insulation, or other materials might be disposed on the wall structure, coupled directly to the studs 130 or to the wall sheathing 131, prior to installation of the heaters 100 thereon. The heaters 100 may be installed on the wall structure in direct contact with such materials.
In one embodiment, the heaters 100 are configured to mount directly on the wall structure without need for clearance or open space or additional insulation therebetween. The heating elements 105 are configured to direct very little infrared radiation or heat toward the back wall 106 of the housing 102 and thus reduce or eliminate risks or concerns of overheating the underlying wall structure. Additionally, any insulative layers 111 applied to the back wall 106 and/or spacing between the heating elements 105 and the back wall 106 provided by the ribs 110 further decreases any heating of the back wall 106 and thus the underlying wall structure.
The heaters 100 are preferably spaced apart from one another at least a distance sufficient to enable installation of their respective trim pieces 104 without the trim pieces 104 overlapping. Preferably, the trim pieces 104 of adjacent heaters 100 abut along one edge or are spaced sufficiently apart to enable installation of the wall cladding 122 between their adjacent perimeter walls 108. In one embodiment, the trim piece 104 is configured to couple to more than one heater 100 mounted side-by-side.
The pigtails 113 of each of the heaters 100 are routed through their back walls 106 or perimeter walls 108 and coupled to the controller 114, the bus 116, or to one or more extension cables 118. The pigtails 113 and/or the extension cables 118 may be routed within the interior of the stud wall, behind any wall sheathing, and/or behind wall cladding 122 disposed on the walls as desired.
The wall cladding 122 is disposed on the walls, ceilings, and other desired surfaces of the structure. The wall cladding 122 has a thickness sized to compliment the height of the perimeter walls 108 such that the wall cladding 122 fits between the surface of the stud 130 or wall sheathing 131 and a backside surface of the trim piece 104. In one embodiment, the housing 102 may be at least partially recessed into the wall of the structure such that the wall sheathing 131 may be employed in place of the wall cladding 122. As such, edges of the wall cladding 122 around each of the heaters 100 are obscured from view by the trim pieces 104 of each of the heaters 100.
The trim pieces 104 are preferably installed on the heaters following mounting of the heaters 100 on the structure and installation of the wall cladding 122 but may be installed at any time. The trim pieces 104 may couple to the housings 102 via one or more magnetic couplings, hanging of the trim pieces 104 on hooks or similar features on the housings 102, releasable engagement or friction-fit couplings, or by installation of fasteners between the trim pieces 104 and the housings 102, among other methods.
As such, the heaters 100 can be installed in the sauna by simple mounting and simple plug-and-play coupling with the controller. In contrast, construction of saunas using previously available components requires much more complex and painstaking steps. For example, individual heating elements must be hardwired with a control circuit, the sauna structure must be constructed in a manner that accommodates required clearances around and between the heating elements, accommodates particular mounting configurations of the heating elements, and skilled craftsman must be employed to apply wall cladding and construct framing around each of the heating elements. Further, care must be taken to avoid damage to the heating elements during handling and installation, because prior art heating elements are not provided with a protective enclosure.
Referring now to
The heaters 200 are configured to enable simple transformation of an existing room or location into a sauna-style enclosure and/or to provide infrared heating to an existing room or location. As such, the heaters 200 may be provided with a leg or a base assembly 234 to provide a free-standing configuration, as depicted in
The heaters 200 can also be configured for wall or ceiling mounting as depicted in
The heaters 200 are preferably configured with an internal controller configured to control operation of heating elements 205, sensors, lighting element, or the like that may be disposed in the housing 202. A pigtail 213 (not shown) is provided extending from the housing 202 which may be direct wired or plugged into an existing power supply in the room or location. Alternatively, the heaters 200 may be coupled with an electrical communications and control circuitry like that discussed above for the heaters 100 and operated in a similar manner.
A control panel or display 232 (not shown) may be provided on the housing 202 or within a portion of the trim piece 204 to enable a user to control operation of the heater 200. The controller 214 may also be configured for wireless communication and control by a wireless device, such as a mobile device executing an application or other computing device.
As described previously, the heating elements 105, 205 of the heaters 100, 200 respectively preferably comprise planar heating elements. Such heating elements 105, 205 may have a generally continuous or monolithic configuration in which substantially the full heating surface of the heater 105/205 produces infrared radiation within a single wavelength range, e.g. near-, mid-, or far-infrared range. The heating elements 105/205 may alternatively be configured with one or more portions configured to produce or emit infrared radiation in different wavelength ranges.
Each of the heating elements 305, 305′, 305″ includes a near-infrared emitting portion 338, a mid-infrared emitting portion 340, and far-infrared emitting portion 342. Each of these portions 338, 340, 342 may be a separate heating element component or they may be integrated into a single unit. Further, each of the portions may utilize the same or different heating or infrared generating technologies, i.e. the far-infrared portions 342 may use a polyimide planar heating element while the near-infrared portions 338 may employ an array of LEDs disposed within a cutout in the planar heating element of the far-infrared portion 342. Additionally, although the portions 338, 340, 342 are depicted in particular locations within the heating element 305, 305′, 305″ their locations may be interchangeable.
Each of the portions 338, 340, 342 may be controlled together or independently by the controller to enable a user to selectively choose which of the portions 338, 340, 342 emit infrared radiation at any given time. In one embodiment, the portions 338, 340, 342 are tuneable by the controller to adjust the wavelengths of infrared radiation emitted thereby, such as by adjusting a current or voltage applied to the particular portion 338, 340, 342. For example, a current applied to the mid-infrared portion 340 might be adjusted by the controller to cause the mid-infrared portion to emit infrared radiation in the far-infrared wavelength range. In one embodiment, one or more of the portions 338, 340, 342 may be configured to emit radiation in a non-infrared wavelength, such as in wavelength in the visible light or ultraviolet light spectrums.
Many different arrangements of the various components depicted, as well as components not shown, are possible without departing from the scope of the claims below. Embodiments of the technology have been described with the intent to be illustrative rather than restrictive. Alternative embodiments will become apparent to readers of this disclosure after and because of reading it. Alternative means of implementing the aforementioned can be completed without departing from the scope of the claims below. Identification of structures as being configured to perform a particular function in this disclosure and in the claims below is intended to be inclusive of structures and arrangements or designs thereof that are within the scope of this disclosure and readily identifiable by one of skill in the art and that can perform the particular function in a similar way. Certain features and sub-combinations are of utility and may be employed without reference to other features and sub-combinations and are contemplated within the scope of the claims.
This application claims the benefit of U.S. Provisional Patent Application No. 62/934,665, filed Nov. 13, 2019 the disclosure of which is hereby incorporated herein in its entirety by reference.
Number | Date | Country | |
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62934665 | Nov 2019 | US |