Patent Application
20200231090
The invention relates to a molded part, in particular a trim part and/or lining part designed as a molded part for a vehicle interior, and to a method for producing such a molded part.
DE 20 2015 106 546 U1 discloses a trim part and/or lining part designed as a molded part for a vehicle interior, comprising a decorative layer with a transparent varnish layer and a decorative layer provided on the reverse side of the varnish layer, for example a wood, in particular a wood veneer, and/or a film and/or a fabric and/or a metal and/or a composite material, in particular carbon. A carrier is in turn arranged on the reverse side of the decorative layer. Furthermore, a light source is provided for illuminating and/or lighting up the varnish layer, wherein light emanating from the light source is coupled laterally into the varnish layer.
A disadvantage of such molded parts is that the light is at least partially absorbed at the decorative layer during further transport in the varnish layer, and is therefore attenuated. There may also be undesirable light scattering at the decorative layer. Uniform light distribution in molded parts, especially in large molded parts, has therefore proven to be problematic. The appearance of the illuminated visible side depends on the distance from the light source and can be influenced by undesirable scattering effects at the decorative layer.
The invention is based on the object of providing a new molded part, in particular a fully illuminated molded part, in which the appearance of the visible side is not adversely affected by other components of the molded part, for example the decorative layer. The invention is also based on the object of providing a new method for producing such a molded part.
This object is achieved with regard to the molded part by the features of claim 1 and with regard to the method for producing a molded part by the features of claim 10. Advantageous refinements and developments are specified in the respective dependent claims.
The molded part according to the invention comprises a decorative layer and a carrier arranged on the reverse side of the decorative layer, in particular a plastic carrier. The decorative layer in turn comprises a decorative ply and a light-conducting, in particular transparent, optical layer with a first refractive index. The optical layer is arranged on a front side of the decorative layer designed as a visible side.
The optical layer can be, for example, a glass optical layer.
Furthermore, at least one light source for illuminating and/or lighting up the optical layer is provided on or in the molded part. The light source is arranged in such a manner that light emanating from the light source is coupled directly and/or indirectly laterally into the optical layer.
In the molded part according to the invention, a light-conducting, in particular transparent, additional layer 17 with a second refractive index is also provided in the decorative ply between the decorative ply and the optical layer, adjoining the optical layer. The first refractive index of the optical layer is greater than the second refractive index of the additional layer.
The advantages of the invention result in particular from the difference in refractive index between the optical layer and the additional layer. This difference in refractive index causes total reflection for light rays in the optical layer at the interface with the additional layer, provided that the angle of incidence (angle to the surface normal) of the light rays at the interface exceeds a certain value, namely the critical angle of total reflection, which is a function of the difference in refractive index. A light beam does not enter the additional layer in this case. Rather, it is essentially fully reflected and thus remains in the optical layer. Below this critical angle, only a part of the radiation is reflected at the interface and remains in the optical layer, wherein the remaining part enters the additional layer.
The additional layer with its lower refractive index thus ensures that the light is not absorbed by the layers below, for example, the decorative ply (as compared to the absence of this additional layer), or at least is absorbed to a lesser extent. In this way, the laterally incident light can propagate in the optical layer significantly further or over greater distances with at least nearly-constant light intensity due to the reflection at the interfaces of the optical layer than in the case of a molded part without such an additional layer. This accordingly enables molded parts with large-area visible sides, which can be illuminated essentially evenly by light arriving laterally.
A further development of the invention provides that light-scattering defects are provided between the optical layer and the additional layer or in the additional layer. These are preferably designed in such a manner that light emanating from the light source is at least partially scattered in such a way that this light is coupled out of the optical layer on the front side of the decorative layer designed as a visible side. In this way, for example, illuminated symbols can be displayed on the visible side.
The defects can be designed as penetrating recesses in the additional layer. “Penetrating” in this case means an extension over the entire thickness of the additional layer. In other words: The recess is a hole through the additional layer. The recesses are intended for the passage of light from the optical layer to the decorative ply and vice versa.
The recesses in the additional layer can, for example, be filled with the material of the optical layer.
The additional layer can, for example, be or comprise a printing layer or a film or a varnish layer.
A light-scattering and/or light-absorbing intermediate layer can be provided on the reverse side of the additional layer. The intermediate layer can be designed, for example, as a printing layer and/or as a paint layer.
The defects can be arranged and/or designed, in particular shaped, in such a way that their arrangement and/or shape corresponds to a symbol to be displayed on the front side of the decorative layer, designed as a visible side.
The light source can be provided, in particular attached, on the side of the optical layer. However, it is also possible for at least one light guide to be provided, one end of which ends at the side of the optical layer and the other end of which ends at the light source, the light source preferably being provided, in particular being attached, on the reverse side of the carrier.
The decorative ply can be or comprise a, preferably opaque, wood veneer or a, preferably opaque, film.
The optical layer can have PUR and/or PMMA and/or PC or be formed from PUR and/or PMMA and/or PC.
The method according to the invention for producing a molded part comprises the steps of:
By way of example, the molded parts according to the invention as described above can be produced with this method.
In addition, it can be provided that a light-scattering and/or light-absorbing intermediate layer is applied to, in particular printed onto, the front side of the decorative ply before the additional layer is applied to the front side of the decorative ply and/or the intermediate layer.
The defects can be arranged and/or shaped in such a way that they correspond to a symbol to be displayed on the front side of the decorative layer which is designed as a visible side.
The light source can be provided on the side of the optical layer, in particular it can be attached.
Alternatively, at least one light guide can be provided, in particular attached, one end of which ends at the side of the optical layer and the other end of which ends at the light source, the light source preferably being provided, in particular attached, on the reverse side of the carrier.
The invention is explained in more detail below also with regard to further features and advantages on the basis of the description of exemplary embodiments and with reference to the accompanying schematic drawing. The FIGURE shows a section of a schematic cross-sectional representation of a first embodiment of a molded part according to the invention. Corresponding parts and components are each identified by the same reference numerals.
The FIGURE shows a trim part or lining part designed as a molded part 10 for a vehicle interior, comprising a decorative layer 11 and a carrier 12, for example a plastic carrier, on a reverse side 13 of the decorative layer 11.
The decorative layer 11 comprises both a decorative ply 15 and a transparent optical layer 16, for example a glass optical layer, on a front side 14 of the decorative layer 11 designed as a visible side.
A light source 19 for illuminating and/or lighting up the optical layer 16 is fixed to or in the molded part 10 on the side of the optical layer 16, wherein light emanating from the light source 19 is coupled laterally into the optical layer 16.
A transparent additional layer 17 is arranged in the decorative layer between the decorative ply 15 and the optical layer 16.
The transparent optical layer 16 has a first refractive index, and the additional layer 17 has a second refractive index, the first refractive index being greater than the second refractive index. This enables total reflection of the light emanating from the light source 19 and coupled into the optical layer 16 at the interface with the additional layer 17, provided that the angle of incidence (angle to the surface normal) of the light beams at the interface exceeds a certain value, specifically the critical angle of the total reflection according to the refractive index difference. The totally reflected light then remains in the optical layer 16 and is transported in the same essentially without loss.
The additional layer 17 has defects 20 formed as penetrating recesses, on which light emanating from the light source 19 is scattered and, inter alia, is coupled out of the optical layer 16 on the front side 14 of the decorative layer 11 designed as a visible side. In addition, the light is guided through the recesses 20 and scattered at a light-scattering intermediate layer 18, which is provided on the reverse side 21 of the additional layer 17, adjoining the recesses 20 inter alia. In this way, for example, luminous symbols can be displayed. Alternatively, the intermediate layer 18 can also be omitted, and the scattering can then take place in the decorative ply 15.
The arrows in the optical layer 16 schematically show how the light, on the one hand, is guided by total reflection at the interface to the additional layer 17 through the optical layer 16 and, on the other hand, is scattered into the defects 20 and is thus coupled out of the optical layer 16.
The additional layer 17 may be a printing layer, the decorative ply 15, an opaque wood veneer, and the optical layer 16 may be formed from PUR. The intermediate layer 18 can be designed as a printing layer.
The defects 20 are arranged in such a manner that, in their entirety, they correspond to a symbol to be displayed on the front side 14 of the decorative layer 11 which is designed as a visible side.
| Number | Date | Country | Kind |
|---|---|---|---|
| 10 2017 122 429.7 | Sep 2017 | DE | national |
| Filing Document | Filing Date | Country | Kind |
|---|---|---|---|
| PCT/EP2018/075806 | 9/24/2018 | WO | 00 |
