Patent Application
20110219695
The present invention relates to access doors utilized to cover openings in walls or ceilings to permit access to services within a wall or ceiling cavity. In particular, the present invention is directed to a molded plastic access door which allows access to the full dimension of the opening.
In residential and commercial construction, services such as water supply, drain waste vent (DWV), natural gas and electrical service are generally run within a wall or ceiling cavity. The wall or ceiling cavity is covered with a finish material such as a gypsum board to provide a finished appearance to the space. In many circumstances, it is required that access to valves, drains and connectors utilizing these services is maintained. In these situations, an opening is cut in the covering material of a size to permit access to the valve, drain or other connection. This opening is then covered by an access panel or access door which maintains the finished surface appearance while permitting access to the wall or ceiling cavity behind the panel or door.
There are presently available access panels of a molded plastic material where the access panel is provided with a spring clip on the back surface. The spring clip engages the interior surface of the wall cover material and sandwiches the covering material between the access panel and the spring clip. While such access panels are easy to install, they do not provide for a secure installation in that it is not possible to lock the panel to control access to the cavity opening. Also, the spring clip tends to loosen from the access panel with repeated use such that the average useful life of such panels is about 2 to 3 years.
Access doors constructed of metal or plastic are also known. The access doors constructed of metal are generally provided with an exterior frame having an L-shaped cross section with one leg of the L forming the exterior surface to overly the wall or ceiling covering material. The other leg of the L is provided with holes to allow for fastening of the access door to the opening in the wall or ceiling. Owing to the weight of the metal panels, it is generally necessary to provide for support such as wood strapping attached to the interior surface of the wall or ceiling covering material if the opening does not line up with an existing stud or joist in the wall or ceiling cavity. The metal door is generally provided with a hinge along one edge which is attached to one side of the frame, the door also having a locking means on the opposite side from the hinge to allow it to be closed and locked to the frame. The access door fits within the frame but is not airtight or soundproof.
Recently, plastic access doors have also been developed. These plastic access doors have an L-shaped frame similar to the metal access doors and the door itself is hinged in the opening by hinge pins which are placed interior of the edge of the door. While the plastic access door has a lower weight than the traditional metal access doors, it does suffer from certain disadvantages. Owing to the design of the door, similar to the metal access doors, the plastic access door is not airtight or soundproof. In addition, due to the placement of the hinges, the access door in the open position blocks off access to a significant portion of the opening and does not provide access to the full width of the opening. The access door must also be installed similar to the metal access doors by attaching to strapping placed on the interior surface of the covering material.
There thus remains a need for a light weight plastic access door which overcomes the disadvantages of the prior art designs.
The present invention is directed to a molded access door assembly for an access opening in a wall or ceiling. The molded access door assembly comprises a molded frame and a molded door hingedly connected to the frame. The frame comprises a frame channel to form the outside of the access door assembly, the frame channel having spaced apart exterior and interior walls joined at the top edge by a top wall. The opening in the channel is orientated toward the wall or ceiling. The frame channel has a lip extending from the bottom edge of the inner wall into the interior of the opening in a wall or ceiling, the lip providing a stop rest for the door in the closed position and being provided with a means of attaching the access door assembly to the wall or ceiling. The door has a top surface and a first part of a hinge assembly along one edge of the top surface which cooperates with a matching second part of the hinge assembly along one edge of the frame channel to allow the door to move between an open and a closed position.
In an aspect of the invention, the door assembly includes a means for releasably securing the door to the frame in the closed position.
In another aspect of the invention, the means for releasably securing the door to the frame comprises a rotatable latch which engages a latch receiving detent provided on the lip of the frame.
In yet another aspect of the invention, the latch receiving detent is raised above the lip to provide a space between the bottom of the detent and a wall or ceiling covering to receive the rotatable latch.
In a further aspect of the invention, the tab includes a raised tab which engages a recess provided in the underside of the latch receiving detent.
In yet another aspect of the invention, the first part of the hinge assembly has a generally circular hinge member with hinge pins protruding from both ends of the generally circular hinge member.
In a further aspect of the invention, the matching second part of the hinge assembly includes a cutout in the frame channel of the frame sized to accept the generally circular hinge member of the door.
In another aspect of the invention, the door has a top surface and an wall extending downwardly from the top surface around the edge of the top surface, the height of the wall being about equal to the height of the inside wall of the frame above the lip.
In yet another aspect of the invention, resilient sealing material is provided on a lower edge of the wall extending downwardly from the top surface of the door or the lip to provide for airtight or soundproof sealing between the lower edge of the wall extending downwardly from the top surface of the door and the lip.
In a further aspect of the invention, the access door assembly is molded from any suitable thermosetting or thermoplastic material such as polyvinylchloride, polystyrene, polyamides, or ABS.
In another aspect of the invention, the access door assembly is molded from an ABS material which can be colored to a suitable color to match the desired décor.
Preferred embodiments of the present invention are illustrated in the attached drawings in which:
A first preferred embodiment of an access door assembly of the present invention is illustrated in the attached drawings, generally indicated by the numeral 10. Access door assembly 10 is for attachment to a wall or ceiling surface to cover an opening 12 provided in a wall or ceiling covering material 14 to allow access to services provided within the cavity of the wall or ceiling behind the wall or ceiling covering 14.
As illustrated in the figures, the access door assembly 10 comprises a frame assembly 20 to which is hingedly attached a door 22 as will be described further below. The frame assembly 20 comprises a frame channel 24 having an outside wall 26, an inside wall 28 and a top wall 30. The frame channel 24 is orientated such that the open bottom between the outside wall 26 and inside wall 28 is orientated towards the wall or ceiling covering material 14 when the access door assembly 10 is installed. The provision of the frame channel 24 increases the rigidity of the frame assembly 20 and in turn the entire access door assembly 10 without an increase in weight or cost.
A lip 32 is provided attached to the lower edge of the inside wall 28, the lip 32 extending into the opening in the interior of the frame assembly 20. As will be described further below, one function of the lip 32 is provide for a stop and rest for the door 22 when the access door assembly 10 is in the closed position.
In addition, the lip 32 is provided with a means for attaching the access door assembly 10 to the wall or ceiling covering material 14. One such means illustrated in the drawings is the provision of holes 34 which accept suitable screws 36 for attaching the access door assembly 10 to the wall or ceiling covering 14. Preferably the holes 34 are countersunk to allow the use of countersunk screws 36 such that when the screws 36 are installed, the heads of the screws 36 lie flush with the surface of the lip 32 and do not interfere with the closing of the door 22. By providing the means for attaching the access door assembly 10 to the wall or covering material 14 on the surface of the lip 32, it is not necessary that strapping be provided in the interior of the cavity. Rather for gypsum board covering, a hole could be drilled through the covering to match up with the holes 34 in the lip 32 and a suitable wall anchor which grips and holds the screw 36 is placed within the hole. This arrangement results in a faster and easier installation of the access door assembly of the present invention as compared to the prior art arrangements.
The door 22 also includes a means for releasably securing the door 22 in the closed position. In the embodiments illustrated in the figures, the means for releasably securing the door 22 is a rotatable latch 38 which engages a latch receiving detent 40 provided on the lip 32 of the frame assembly 20. As illustrated in the drawings, in order to enable the flush mount of the frame assembly 20 to the wall or ceiling covering material 14, the latch receiving detent 40 is preferably provided as a raised detent 40 which provides a space between the bottom of the detent 40 and the wall or ceiling covering material 14 to receive the rotatable latch 38.
The rotatable latch 38 has a rotatable post 42 which is rotatable by turning a knob or key access 44 at the top of the rotatable post provided on the exterior surface of the door 22. A tab 46 is attached to the bottom of the rotatable post 42 such that the tab 46 rotates with the rotatable post 42 and engages the underside of the latch receiving detent 40 to releasably secure the door 22 in the closed position. In order to provide a more secure engagement of the tab 46 and the latch receiving detent 40, the tab 46 may be provided with a raised ridge 48 which engages with a recess 49 provided in the underside of the latch receiving detent 40. As the tab 46 on the rotatable post 42 is rotated to the closed position, the raised ridge 48 rides over the underside surface of the latch receiving indent 40 until it drops into the recess 49 and helps to hold the door 22 in the closed position. To open the door 22, the knob or key access 44 is rotated to the open position which rotates the attached rotatable post 42 and tab 46 until the raised ridge 48 on the tab 46 disengages from recess 49 of the latch receiving detent 40 and allows the door 22 to be opened.
A preferred embodiment of the hinge connection between the frame assembly 20 and door 22 is illustrated in detail in
As illustrated in the figures, the door 22 has a top surface 62 and an wall 64 extending downwardly from the top surface around the edge of the top surface 62. The height of the wall 64 is about equal to the height of the inside wall 28 of the frame channel 24 above the lip 32. In this way, when the access door assembly 10 is in the closed position, the lower edge 66 of the wall 64 of the door 22 rests against the lip 32 and provides a flush, finished appearance to the access door assembly 10.
The provision of the lower edge 66 of the wall 64 of the door 22 resting against the lip 32 of the frame assembly 10 also allows the access door assembly 10 of the present invention to be made airtight or soundproof. If desired, resilient sealing material such as a rubber strip could be provided on either the lower edge 66 or the lip 32 to provide for airtight or soundproof sealing between the lower edge 66 and the lip 32.
It will be appreciated by those of skill in the art that the height of the walls 64 and 28 can be varied to give a higher or lower profile to the access door assembly 10 as desired. Preferably, the height of the walls 28 and 64 is selected to allow the access door assembly 10 to match DECORA™ electrical outlets and switch plates to allow the access door assembly 10 to appear as another such plate. In addition, the access door assembly 10 of the present invention may be provided in a number of different sizes, depending upon the application. For example, for shut off valves and connectors for services such as natural gas, a 6 inch by 6 inch panel is commonly used, while for clean out fittings for DWV and shut off valves for the main water supply, sizes up to 12 inches by 12 inches or larger may be used. The access door of the present invention is easily adapted to such a variety of sizes.
The access door assembly of the present invention is molded from any suitable thermosetting or thermoplastic material such as polyvinylchloride, polystyrene, polyamides, or ABS. Preferably, the access door assembly of the present invention is molded from an ABS material which can be colored to a suitable color to match the desired decor.
The access door assembly of the present invention provides numerous advantages over the previously available access door assemblies. It is of less weight and cost compared to the prior metal door assemblies. In addition, it is easier to install, not requiring additional strapping around the wall opening to support the access door assembly. When compared to the prior plastic door assemblies, the access door assembly of the present invention provides for a larger opening access and is easier to install. In addition, the life expectancy is significantly increased.
Although various preferred embodiments of the present invention have been described herein in detail, it will be appreciated by those of skill in the art that variations may be made thereto without departing from the spirit of the invention or the scope of the appended claims.
