Patent Application
20200282442
The present invention relates to a forming device.
There are many types of aircraft components that configure an aircraft, and in a case where a desired shape is obtained by press forming an aluminum alloy plate, it is necessary to prepare various types of forming dies. As one method of press forming, there is a method in which a forming target material is placed on a male forming die, and the forming target material is pressed by a rubber bag pressurized by a liquid such as oil instead of a female die (rubber forming press). For rubber forming press, it need only prepare the male die as the forming die, and thus rubber forming press is suitable for the production of many kinds in small quantities of aircraft components and the like.
On the other hand, there is also known a technique of forming a forming target material by using an electromagnetic forming device instead of rubber forming press. In electromagnetic forming, a large current is caused to instantaneously flow through the electromagnetic coil, thereby generating an induced current on a surface of the forming target material arranged along the electromagnetic coil. As a result, an electromagnetic force acts on the surface of the forming target material, and the forming target material moves toward the forming die and is pressed against the forming die.
PTL 1 discloses that a thin plate is formed into a desired shape by an electromagnetic forming device, and PTL 2 discloses that an electromagnetic force is applied to a predetermined portion of a hollow material in multiple stages by an electromagnetic plastic working method to perform a forming process.
[PTL 1] Japanese Unexamined Patent Application Publication No. 2007-296553
[PTL 2] Japanese Unexamined Patent Application Publication No. 6-23442
In the rubber forming press, the bag pressurized by a liquid presses the forming target material via a rubber plate, and thus the force is not distributed to the entire forming target material, the formation amount is insufficient, and the shape accuracy is not high. Accordingly, a product obtained by forming may have a defective shape or may require a shape correction work. Since the shape correction work is performed by forming a plurality of times or processing by manual operation, there is a problem that time and labor are required. Further, such as a case where a flange with an outwardly projected curved surface (a shrinkage flange) is formed, depending on the formed shape, a compressive force acts on the forming target material at the time of press forming, so that unnecessary wrinkles may occur.
The present invention is made in view of the above-described circumstances, and an object thereof is to provide a forming device capable of accurately performing press forming on a forming target material.
According to an aspect of the present invention, there is provided a forming device including an electromagnetic coil, a fluid having conductivity and installed on one surface side of a forming target material along the forming target material, and a forming die installed on the other surface side of the forming target material and formed so as to impart a formed shape to the forming target material, in which an electromagnetic force generated by the electromagnetic coil is caused to act on the fluid so that the fluid presses the forming target material against to the forming die.
According to this configuration, the fluid having conductivity is installed on one surface side of a forming target material along the forming target material and the forming die is installed on the other surface side of the forming target material. When a current is caused to instantaneously flow through the electromagnetic coil, an induced current is generated in the fluid having conductivity, and the electromagnetic force acts on the fluid. Then, the fluid moves toward the forming die, and the fluid presses the forming target material against the forming die. Therefore, the forming die imparts a formed shape to the forming target material. By generating the electromagnetic force in the fluid, a larger pressing force can be generated in a short time as compared with a case where the forming target material is pressed against the forming die by only a fluid pressure of the fluid. The forming target material is formed at a high speed with a large pressing force by using the electromagnetic force, and thus forming can be performed with high accuracy and the spring back amount is reduced. As a result, the strain correction work after forming can be reduced.
In the above aspect, the fluid may be a metal powder, a liquid in which a metal powder is dispersed, or a liquefied metal.
In the above aspect, the fluid may be accommodated in a bag-shaped member.
According to the present invention, it is possible to accurately perform press forming on a forming target material.
Hereinafter, a forming device 1 according to an embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to
The forming device 1 according to the embodiment is a device that imparts a formed shape to a plate-shaped material 50 which is, for example, a forming target material made of an aluminum alloy by using a forming die 4. A formed member 60 formed by the forming device 1 is used for aircraft components and the like.
As shown in
The electromagnetic coil 2 is arranged outside a forming surface of the forming die 4. For example, the electromagnetic coil 2 is arranged along the surface of the forming die 4 as shown in
A large current is supplied from the power supply unit 3 to the electromagnetic coil 2. As shown in
A fluid 10 is a material having conductivity and fluidity. The fluid 10 is accommodated in a rubber bag 11, for example. The fluid 10 is, for example, a metal powder or a liquid in which a metal powder is dispersed. The metal powder is, for example, an iron powder. The liquid is oil, for example, and fluidity and rust prevention are ensured. In the liquid in which a metal powder is dispersed, a ratio of the metal powder to the liquid is preferably 50% by mass or more, and if possible, 75% by mass or more. Although there is a possibility that a load pressure at the time of forming is reduced, even in a case where the material has a value smaller than the above described example, it can be applied as the fluid 10 as long as forming can be performed by the material. Further, the fluid 10 may be a low melting point metal. A low melting point metal is, for example, lead or tin. By setting an environment of the forming device 1 to an environment with equal to or more than the melting point of the fluid 10 which is a low melting point metal, the fluid 10 can be used in a fluidized and liquefied state.
The fluid 10 is placed on one surface side of the plate-shaped material 50 which is the forming target material, and the forming die 4 is installed on the other surface side of the plate-shaped material 50 with the plate-shaped material 50 interposed therebetween.
By causing a large current to instantaneously flow through the electromagnetic coil 2, an induced current is generated on the surface of the fluid 10 arranged along the electromagnetic coil 2. As a result, an electromagnetic force acts on the fluid 10, the fluid 10 moves toward the forming die 4, and the fluid 10 and the plate-shaped material 50 are pressed against the forming die 4.
Before forming, the plate-shaped material 50 which is the forming target material is placed on the forming surface of the forming die 4. The forming die 4 is a male die and imparts the formed shape to the plate-shaped material 50.
In the forming method using the forming device 1 according to the embodiment, first, the plate-shaped material 50 is placed on the forming surface of the forming die 4 as shown in
Next, a current is supplied to the electromagnetic coil 2. As a result, an induced current is generated on the surface of the fluid 10 and an electromagnetic force acts on the fluid 10, so that the fluid 10 moves toward the forming die 4, and the fluid 10 presses the plate-shaped material 50 against the forming die 4. At this time, the fluidity of the fluid 10 decreases, and the fluid 10 can strongly press the plate-shaped material 50. Thereby, as shown in
As described above, according to the forming device 1 according to the embodiment, by generating the electromagnetic force in the fluid 10, a larger pressing force can be generated in a short time as compared with a related rubber forming press in which the plate-shaped material is pressed against the forming die by only a fluid pressure of the fluid.
Stated another way, the plate-shaped material 50 is formed at a high speed with a large pressing force by using the electromagnetic force acting on the fluid 10, and thus the plate-shaped material can be formed in a shape along the forming die 4 with high accuracy and the spring back amount is reduced in the resulting formed member 60. In particular, in the case of an aluminum alloy, it is a material having a higher breaking elongation as the strain rate becomes higher, and has a great effect of reducing the spring back amount by being formed at a high speed. Therefore, since the insufficiency of the formation amount of the formed member 60 is unlikely to occur, the strain correction work after forming can also be reduced. In addition, since forming can be accurately performed, the formed member 60 can be formed without generating unnecessary wrinkles even in a case of forming a flange (a shrinkage flange) having an outwardly projected curved surface. A magnesium alloy (such as AZ80) is known as a material having a higher breaking elongation as the strain rate increases, in addition to an aluminum alloy, and an effect of reducing the spring back amount can be obtained.
In the above embodiment, the case where the formed member 60 is formed for the first time from the unprocessed plate-shaped material 50 has been described, but the present invention is not limited thereto. For example, the present invention can be applied to a case where the forming die 4 is pressed against the processed formed member 60 to correct the shape of the formed member 60.
| Number | Date | Country | Kind |
|---|---|---|---|
| 2017-233421 | Dec 2017 | JP | national |
| Filing Document | Filing Date | Country | Kind |
|---|---|---|---|
| PCT/JP2018/038397 | 10/16/2018 | WO | 00 |
