The present application relates to a molding tool for the injection molding of plastics or the injection compression molding of plastics, especially optical plastic elements, e.g. lenses. Optical plastic elements of this kind can be used to produce smart glasses, for example.
A conventional molding tool is illustrated in
Each of the halves comprises a base tool 1 (1A or 1B), into which a respective molding core 3 is inserted. Each molding core 3 has a respective molding surface 7. To produce a plastic element, the halves A, B are brought together, as explained in greater detail below, and plastic is injected between the molding surfaces 7A, 7B, wherein the shape of the molding surfaces 7A, 7B then determines the shape of the plastic element to be produced.
The molding core 3 is fixed in the base tool 1 via a support plate 2 by means of clamping and screw fastening. To install the molding core 3, the support plate 2 is removed (by undoing corresponding screws, which are not illustrated) and the molding core is inserted into the base tool. Vertical adjustment of the molding core is performed by means of distance plates 8, 9. In this case, the distance plates 8, 9 are simple plate-shaped elements, which are available in various thicknesses, in order in this way to bring about a vertical adjustment. After adjustment, the molding core may then be screwed to the base tool before the support plate 2 is reinserted and likewise screwed to the base tool 1.
The base tool 1 furthermore has sealing plates 6, which seal off a space in which the element to be produced is molded (between the molding surfaces 7) as the halves A, B are joined together. Moreover, the elements 6 can serve as a measurement reference. In this case, the elements 6 can be designed as a measurement reference inasmuch as they have defined geometry features, e.g. defined flat surfaces, cylinders, circular holes, cones etc., which can be calibrated in position and orientation by means of suitable tactile or optical measurement systems.
For the production of the respective plastic element, also referred to as molding, the halves A, B, i.e. the molding tools 1A, 1B with the molding cores 3A, 3B inserted therein, are moved together, wherein, for guidance, guide columns 4B of base tool 1B engage in corresponding guide holes 4A of base tool 1A and thus allow guidance. It should be noted that it is likewise possible for guide columns to be mounted on base tool 1A and for corresponding guide holes to be formed in base tool 1B. A fine adjustment, which is set before the molding process, can be accomplished by means of a precision guide 5 with a ball cage (i.e. ball bearing guide). To produce the corresponding plastic element, the halves A, B are brought together, and a corresponding plastic is injected into a space between the molding surfaces 7A, 7B, held and, if appropriate, further compressed (in the case of the injection compression molding of plastics).
In the case of injection molding of plastics, plastic pellets are heated and hence liquefied and are injected by means of a feed system between two mold halves that have been moved together.
In the case of injection compression molding of plastics, the procedure is in principle the same as with injection molding except that the molding surfaces 7 of the molding cores 3 are not moved together completely or not moved together completely in parts. After the injection of the plastic, a compression stroke/pressure is exerted over the remainder of the closure travel in order, for example, to be able to completely fill regions which are difficult to fill, to homogenize the material, to squeeze residual air out of the system etc.
After the plastic has cooled sufficiently and has solidified, the halves A, B are separated again, and the workpiece produced is released by means of ejectors 10, which extend out of base tool 1A in order to release the workpiece from molding core 3A. In addition or as an alternative, corresponding ejectors can also be arranged in base tool 1B.
It should be noted that
It should be noted that, in the example in
A molding tool as illustrated in
As the molding cores 3 are inserted into the base tools, the gap dimensions are generally in the range of a few micrometers, and therefore precise adjustment may be difficult. In this case, adjustment is performed, inter alia, by means of the distance plates 8, 9, wherein the plates must be exchanged to modify the adjustment. For this purpose, the respective half A or B must be largely disassembled, i.e. the respective support plate 2 must be unscrewed and the respective molding core must be released before the distance plates 8, 9 can be exchanged. During assembly, new assembly tolerances may then arise, and therefore repeated readjustment will be necessary.
Moreover, the tolerances during the moving together of the halves A, B may be relatively high in conventional approaches. Moreover, it is virtually impossible to perform an angular correction of the molding cores 3 individually or relative to one another in a defined manner during installation and during the moving together of the halves A, B. This makes more difficult at least the use of such conventional molding tools for the production of workpieces on which it is necessary to maintain tolerances in the micrometer range, e.g. optical elements.
It is therefore an object to mitigate the above-described disadvantages completely or partially and to provide molding tools which are at least better suited than the conventional molding tools for the production of workpieces with tolerances in the micrometer range.
According to the invention, a molding tool is provided, comprising:
at least one controllable adjustment element for determining the position of a molding core of the molding tool.
Here, a controllable adjustment element should be taken to mean an element with which adjustment can be performed by control from outside, in particular via control lines. In particular, the adjustment can modify dimensions of the adjustment element and/or exert a pressure on other elements in order in this way to perform an adjustment.
Through the use of controllable adjustment elements of this kind, it is possible, in particular, to perform an adjustment without disassembling the molding tool.
The molding tool can comprise the molding core, wherein the molding core has an upper surface, a lower surface and lateral surfaces, wherein a (i.e. at least one) molding surface is formed on the upper surface, wherein the at least one controllable adjustment element comprises one or more adjustment elements arranged on the lateral surface of the molding core.
This makes it possible to fix the molding core in the base tool and to adjust a position thereof.
The molding tool can comprise a base tool having a (i.e. at least one) socket for the molding core, wherein the at least one controllable adjustment element comprises one or more adjustment elements arranged in the base tool.
The one or more adjustment elements arranged in the base tool can comprise one or more adjustment elements arranged in a lateral surface of the socket.
This makes it possible to fix the molding core in the base tool and to adjust a position thereof.
In addition or as an alternative, the one or more adjustment elements arranged in the base tool can comprise adjustment elements arranged on a bottom of the socket and/or adjustment elements, arranged on a lower side of a recess in the socket, for vertical position adjustment of the molding core. In this way, such an adjustment of the vertical position is possible without using distance plates.
The one or more adjustment elements arranged in the base tool can comprise one or more adjustment elements which can be moved between a first position and a second position, wherein the movable adjustment elements project into the socket in the first position in order to enter into engagement with the molding core and are retracted in the second position in order to release the molding core.
In this way, the molding core can be removed from and reinserted into the base tool easily without the need for disassembly of the molding tool, e.g. release of a support plate.
The one or more movable elements can comprise further adjustment elements of the one or more adjustment elements arranged in the base tool in order to adjust a vertical position of the molding core.
The one or more adjustment elements can be arranged and set up in such a way as to set a tilt of the molding tool.
The molding tool can further comprise the molding core, wherein the molding core has a rounded shape, thus enabling it to be tilted in the socket by actuating the one or more controllable adjustment elements.
In this way, an angular adjustment can be carried out.
The molding tool can further comprise a further base tool, wherein the base tool and the further base tool can be assembled for molding, wherein the base tool and the further base tool each have a (i.e. at least one) socket for a molding core, wherein the one or more controllable adjustment elements comprise an adjustment element for adjusting a position of the base tool relative to the further base tool in an assembled state.
For this purpose, the adjustment element for adjustment can be arranged in a guide column and/or in a guide recess.
Through the provision of a controllable adjustment element of this kind in a guide for the assembly of base tool halves, improved adjustment of base tool halves relative to one another can be achieved.
The at least one controllable adjustment element can comprise a mechanical, pneumatic and/or hydraulic adjustment element.
In particular, the at least one controllable adjustment element can comprise a hydraulic expansion clamping element.
Through the use of hydraulic expansion clamping elements, controllable adjustment elements of this kind can be implemented in a simple manner, and a good adjustment option is achieved. However, other types of adjustment element are also possible.
In particular, the above molding tool can be used to produce optical elements, e.g. lenses.
Embodiments are explained in greater detail below with reference to the drawings. In the drawings:
Various embodiments are explained in detail below. It should be noted that these embodiments are used merely for illustration and should not be interpreted as restrictive.
For better understanding, various modifications of and additions to the conventional molding tool explained at the outset with reference to
To avoid repetitions, elements which are identical or correspond to one another bear the same reference signs. Elements which have already been explained at the outset with reference to
Here,
In the embodiment in
In this context, a controllable adjustment element is generally an element, the position, extent and/or exerted force of which can be controlled, e.g. via corresponding control lines. Here, the term “can be controlled” includes the possibility of closed-loop control or some other type of adjustment. Controllable adjustment elements of this kind can be mechanical, pneumatic and/or hydraulic elements. In the case of mechanical elements, it is possible, for example, for wedges to be moved relative to one another or for spring elements to be actuated in order in this way to modify an extent of elements, or elements can be moved in respect of their position by means of corresponding drives. In the case of pneumatic or hydraulic elements, a chamber can be filled with gas (pneumatic) or liquid (hydraulic) in order to modify the extent thereof. As a particular preference, hydraulic expansion elements, which can be designed as single- and/or multi-way chamber systems, can be used as controllable adjustment elements. In the case of hydraulic expansion elements an expanding sleeve is deformed by the action of hydraulic oil, this being possible with high reproducibility. By means of the controllable adjustment elements 11, it is thus possible to achieve reproducible positioning of the molding core in a direction (in a horizontal direction) as indicated by the arrows 19 in
Another embodiment of the molding tool is illustrated in
The controllable adjustment elements 12 can be arranged at various points around a molding core 3 (all the way round or part way round), and/or at various points on a lower side of the molding core 3. As illustrated, some of the adjustment elements 12 are arranged on the bottom of the socket and others are arranged on an upper side of a recess of the socket (for accommodating a widened part of the molding core 3). By means of the controllable adjustment elements 12, a vertical adjustment can be performed, in particular by open-loop or closed-loop control, without the need to exchange plates, such as the distance plates 8, 9. Thus, for the vertical adjustments, there is no need particularly for disassembly of the molding tool, and adjustment can take place in the installed state, e.g. on the basis of measurement of a workpiece produced, without new inaccuracies arising due to disassembly.
In the case of the embodiments in
As illustrated in
The embodiments explained with reference to
In the embodiment in
As explained at the outset with reference to
Here, in contrast to the conventional molding tool in
By means of the described set of controllable adjustment elements, it is thus possible to increase the accuracy of manufacture of plastic elements by molding, and this can be used, in particular, to produce optical elements, e.g. for smart glasses.
Number | Date | Country | Kind |
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102016119636.3 | Oct 2016 | DE | national |
Filing Document | Filing Date | Country | Kind |
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PCT/EP2017/076023 | 10/12/2017 | WO | 00 |
Publishing Document | Publishing Date | Country | Kind |
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WO2018/069428 | 4/19/2018 | WO | A |
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