Molecular toxicology modeling

Abstract
The present invention is based on the elucidation of the global changes in gene expression and the identification of toxicity markers in tissues or cells exposed to a known toxin. The genes may be used as toxicity markers in drug screening and toxicity assays. The invention includes a database of genes characterized by toxin-induced differential expression that is designed for use with microarrays and other solid-phase probes.
Description


BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

[0002] The need for methods of assessing the toxic impact of a compound, pharmaceutical agent or environmental pollutant on a cell or living organism has led to the development of procedures which utilize living organisms as biological monitors. The simplest and most convenient of these systems utilize unicellular microorganisms such as yeast and bacteria, since they are most easily maintained and manipulated. Unicellular screening systems also often use easily detectable changes in phenotype to monitor the effect of test compounds on the cell. Unicellular organisms, however, are inadequate models for estimating the potential effects of many compounds on complex multicellular animals, as they do not have the ability to carry out biotransformations to the extent or at levels found in higher organisms.


[0003] The biotransformation of chemical compounds by multicellular organisms is a significant factor in determining the overall toxicity of agents to which they are exposed. Accordingly, multicellular screening systems may be preferred or required to detect the toxic effects of compounds. The use of multicellular organisms as toxicology screening tools has been significantly hampered, however, by the lack of convenient screening mechanisms or endpoints, such as those available in yeast or bacterial systems. In addition, previous attempts to produce toxicology prediction systems have failed to provide the necessary modeling information (eg. WO0012760, WO0047761, WO0063435, WO0132928A2, WO0138579A2, and the Affymetrix® Rat Tox Chip.



SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

[0004] The present invention is based on the elucidation of the global changes in gene expression in tissues or cells exposed to known toxins, in particular hepatotoxins, as compared to unexposed tissues or cells as well as the identification of individual genes that are differentially expressed upon toxin exposure.


[0005] In various aspects, the invention includes methods of predicting at least one toxic effect of a compound, predicting the progression of a toxic effect of a compound, and predicting the hepatoxicity of a compound. The invention also includes methods of identifying agents that modulate the onset or progression of a toxic response. Also provided are methods of predicting the cellular pathways that a compound modulates in a cell. The invention includes methods of identifying agents that modulate protein activities.


[0006] In a further aspect, the invention provides probes comprising sequences that specifically hybridize to genes in Tables 1-3. Also provided are solid supports comprising at least two of the previously mentioned probes. The invention also includes a computer system that has a database containing information identifying the expression level in a tissue or cell sample exposed to a hepatotoxin of a set of genes comprising at least two genes in Tables 1-3.



DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0007] Many biological functions are accomplished by altering the expression of various genes through transcriptional (e.g. through control of initiation, provision of RNA precursors, RNA processing, etc.) and/or translational control. For example, fundamental biological processes such as cell cycle, cell differentiation and cell death are often characterized by the variations in the expression levels of groups of genes.


[0008] Changes in gene expression are also associated with the effects of various chemicals, drugs, toxins, pharmaceutical agents and pollutants on an organism or cells. For example, the lack of sufficient expression of functional tumor suppressor genes and/or the over expression of oncogene/protooncogenes after exposure to an agent could lead to tumorgenesis or hyperplastic growth of cells (Marshall, Cell, 64: 313-326 (1991); Weinberg, Science, 254:1138-1146 (1991)). Thus, changes in the expression levels of particular genes (e.g. oncogenes or tumor suppressors) may serve as signposts for the presence and progression of toxicity or other cellular responses to exposure to a particular compound.


[0009] Monitoring changes in gene expression may also provide certain advantages during drug screening and development. Often drugs are screened for the ability to interact with a major target without regard to other effects the drugs have on cells. These cellular effects may cause toxicity in the whole animal, which prevents the development and clinical use of the potential drug.


[0010] The present inventors have examined tissue from animals exposed to the known hepatotoxins which induce detrimental liver effects, to identify global changes in gene expression induced by these compounds. These global changes in gene expression, which can be detected by the production of expression profiles, provide useful toxicity markers that can be used to monitor toxicity and/or toxicity progression by a test compound. Some of these markers may also be used to monitor or detect various disease or physiological states, disease progression, drug efficacy and drug metabolism.


[0011] Identification of Toxicity Markers


[0012] To evaluate and identify gene expression changes that are predictive of toxicity, studies using selected compounds with well characterized toxicity have been conducted by the present inventors to catalogue altered gene expression during exposure in vivo and in vitro. In the present study, amitryptiline, alpha-naphthylisothiocyante (ANIT), acetaminophen, carbon tetrachloride, cyproterone acetate (CPA), diclofenac, 17α-ethinylestradiol, indomethacin, valproate and WY-14643 were selected as a known hepatotoxins.


[0013] The pathogenesis of acute CCl4- induced hepatotoxicity follows a well-characterized course in humans and experimental animals resulting in centrilobular necrosis and steatosis, followed by hepatic regeneration and tissue repair. Severity of the hepatocellular injury is also dose-dependent and may be affected by species, age, gender and diet.


[0014] Differences in susceptibility to CCl4 hepatotoxicity are primarily related to the ability of the animal model to metabolize CCl4 to reactive intermediates. CCl4-induced hepatotoxicity is dependent on CCl4 bioactivation to trichloromethyl free radicals by cytochrome P450 enzymes (CYP2E1), localized primarily in centrizonal hepatocytes. Formation of the free radicals leads to membrane lipid peroxidation and protein denaturation resulting in hepatocellular damage or death.


[0015] The onset of hepatic injury is rapid following acute administration of CCl4 to male rats. Morphologic studies have shown cytoplasmic accumulation of lipids in hepatocytes within 1 to 3 hours of dosing, and by 5 to 6 hours, focal necrosis and hydropic swelling of hepatocytes are evident. Centrilobular necrosis and inflammatory infiltration peak by 24 to 48 hours post dose. The onset of recovery is also evident within this time frame by increased DNA synthesis and the appearance of mitotic figures. Removal of necrotic debris begins by 48 hours and is usually completed by one week, with full restoration of the liver by 14 days.


[0016] Increases in serum transaminase levels also parallel CCl4-induced hepatic histopathology. In male Sprague Dawley (SD) rats, alanine aminotrasferase (ALT) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) levels increase within 3 hours of CCl4 administration (0.1, 1,2, 3, 4 mL/kg, ip; 2.5 mL/kg, po) and reach peak levels (approximately 5-10 fold increases) within 48 hours post dose. Significant increases in serum α-glutathione s-transferase (α-GST) levels have also been detected as early as 2 hours after CCl4 administration (25 μL/kg, po) to male SD rats.


[0017] At the molecular level, induction of the growth-related proto-oncogenes, c-fos and c-jun, is reportedly the earliest event detected in an acute model of CCl4-induced hepatotoxicity (Schiaffonato et al. (1997) Liver 17:183-191). Expression of these early-immediate response genes has been detected within 30 minutes of a single dose of CCl4 to mice (0.05-1.5 mL/kg, ip) and by 1 to 2 hours post dose in rats (2 mL/kg, po; 5 mL/kg,po) (Schiaffonato et al. (1997) Liver 17:183-191 and Hong et al.(1997) Yonsei Medical. J. 38:167-177). Similarly, hepatic c-myc gene expression is increased by 1 hour following an acute dose of CCl4 to male SD rats (5 mL/kg, po) (Hong et al.). Expression of these genes following exposure to CCl4 is rapid and transient. Peak hepatic mRNA levels for c-fos, c-jun, and c-myc, after acute administration of CCl4 have been reported at 1 to 2 hours, 3 hours, and 1 hour post dose, respectively.


[0018] The expression of tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) is also increased in the livers of rodents exposed to CCl4, and TNF-α has been implicated in initiation of the hepatic repair process. Pre-treatment with anti-TNF-α antibodies has been shown to prevent CCl4-mediated increases in c-jun and c-fos gene expression, whereas administration of TNF-αinduced rapid expression of these genes (Brucicoleri et al.(1997) Hepatol. 25:133-141). Up-regulation of transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) and transforming growth factor receptors (TBRI-III) later in the repair process (24 and 48 hours after CCl4 administration) suggests that TGF-β may play a role in limiting the regenerative response by induction of apoptosis (Gras1-Kraupp et al. (1998) Hepatol. 28:717-7126).


[0019] Acetaminophen is a widely used analgesic that at supratherapeutic doses can be metabolized to N-acetyl-p-benzoquinone imine (NAPQI) which causes hepatic and renal failure. At the molecular level, until the present invention little was known about the effects of acetominophen.


[0020] Amitriptyline is a commonly used antidepressant, although it is recognized to have toxic effects on the liver (Physicians Desk Reference, 47th ed., Medical Economics Co., Inc., 1993; Balkin, U.S. Pat. No. 5,656,284). Nevertheless, amitriptyline's beneficial effects on depression, as well as on sleep and dyspepsia (H. Mertz et al., Am J Gastroenterol 93(2):160-165, 1998), migraines (E. Beubler, Wien Med Wochenschr 144(5-6):100-101, 1994), arterial hypertension (T. Bobkiewicz et al., Arch Immunol Ther Exp (Warsz) 23(4):543-547, 1975) and premature ejaculation (Smith et al., U.S. Pat. No. 5,923,341) mandate its continued use.


[0021] Differences in susceptibility to amitriptyline toxicity are considered related to differential metabolism. Amitriptyline-induced hepatotoxicity is primarily mediated by development of cholestasis, the condition caused by the failure of the liver to secrete bile, resulting in accumulation in blood plasma of substances normally secreted into bile-bilirubin and bile salts. Cholestasis is also characterized by liver cell necrosis and bile duct obstruction, which leads to increased pressure on the lumenal side of the canalicular membrane and release of enzymes (alkaline phosphatase, 5′-nucleotidase, gammaglutamyl transpeptidase) normally localized on the canalicular membrane. These enzymes also begin to accumulate in the plasma. Typical symptoms of cholestasis are general malaise, weakness, nausea, anorexia and severe pruritis (Cecil Textbook of Medicine, 20th ed., part XII, pp. 772-773, 805-808, J. C. Bennett and F. Plum Eds., W. B. Saunders Co., Philadelphia, 1996).


[0022] The effects of amitriptyline or phenobarbital (PB) on phospholipid metabolism in rat liver have been studied. In one study, male Sprague-Dawley rats received amitriptyline orally in one dose of 600 mg/kg. PB was given intraperitonially (IP) at a dosage of 80 mg/kg. Animals were sacrificed by decapitation at 6, 12, 18, and 24 hr. The phospholipid level in liver was measured by enzymatic assay and by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. Both agents caused an increase in the microsomal phosphatidylcholine content. Levels of glycerophosphate acyltransferase (GAT) and phosphatidate cytidylyltransferase (PCT) were slightly affected by amitriptyline but were significantly affected by PB. Levels of phosphatidate phosphohydrolase (PPH) and choline phosphotransferase (CPT) were significantly altered by amitriptyline and by PB (K. Hoshi et al., “Effect of amitriptyline or phenobarbital on the activities of the enzymes involved in rat liver,” Chem Pharm Bull 38:3446-3448, 1990).


[0023] In another experiment, amitriptyline was given orally to male Sprague-Dawley rats (4-5 weeks old) in a single dose of 600 mg/kg. The animals were sacrificed 12 or 24 hours later. This caused a marked increase in δ-aminolevulinic acid (δ-ALA) activity at both time points. Total heme and cytochrome b5 levels were increased but cytochrome P450 (CYP450) content remained the same. The authors concluded that hepatic heme synthesis is increased through prolonged induction of 8-ALA but this may be accounted for by the increases in cytochrome b5 and total heme and not by the CYP450 content (K. Hoshi et al., “Acute effect of amitriptyline, phenobarbital or cobaltous chloride on δ-aminolevulinic acid synthetase, heme oxygenase and microsomal heme content and drug metabolism in rat liver”, Jpn J Pharmacol 50:289-293, 1989).


[0024] Amitriptyline can cause hypersensititivity syndrome, a specific severe idiosyncratic reaction characterized by skin, liver, joint and haematological abnormalities (H. J. Milionis et al., Postgrad Med 76(896):361-363, 2000). Amitriptyline has also been shown to cause drug-induced hepatitis, resulting in liver peroxisomes with impaired catalase function (D. De Creaemer et al., Hepatology 14(5):811-817, 1991). The peroxisomes are larger in number, but smaller in size and deformed in shape. Using cultured hepatocytes, the cytotoxicity of amitriptyline was examined and compared to other psychotropic drugs (U. A. Boelsterli et al., Cell Biol Toxicol 3(3):231-250, 1987). The effects observed were release of lactate dehydrogenase from the cytosol, as well as impairment of biosynthesis and secretion of proteins, bile acids and glycolipids.


[0025] Aromatic and aliphatic isothiocyanates are commonly used soil fumigants and pesticides (E. Shaaya et al., Pesticide Science 44(3):249-253, 1995; T. Cairns et al., J Assoc Official Analytical Chemists 71(3):547-550, 1988). These compounds are also environmental hazards, however, because they remain as toxic residues in plants, either in their original or in a metabolized form (M. S. Cerny et al, J Agricultural and Food Chemistry 44(12):3835-3839, 1996) and because they are released from the soil into the surrounding air (J. Gan et al., J Agricutural and Food Chemistry 46(3):986-990, 1998). Alpha-naphthylthiourea, an amino-substituted form of ANIT, is a known rodenticide whose principal toxic effects are pulmonary edema and pleural effusion, resulting from the action of this compound on pulmonary capillaries. Microsomes from lung and liver release atomic sulfur (Goodman and Gilman's The Pharmacological Basis of Therapeutics, 9th ed., chapter 67, p. 1690, J. G. Hardman et al. Eds., McGraw-Hill, New York, N.Y., 1996).


[0026] In one study in rats, ANIT (80 mg/kg) was dissolved in olive oil and given orally to male Wistar rats (180-320g). All animals were fasted for 24 hours before ANIT treatment, and blood and bile excretion were analyzed 24 hours later. Levels of total bilirubin, alkaline phosphatase, serum glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase and serum glutamic pyruvic transaminase were found to be significantly increased, while ANIT reduced total bile flow, all of which are indications of severe biliary dysfunction. This model is used to induce cholestasis with jaundice because the injury is reproducible and dose-dependent. ANIT is metabolized by microsomal enzymes, and a metabolite plays a fundamental role in its toxicity (M. Tanaka et al., “The inhibitory effect of SA3443, a novel cyclic disulfide compound, on alpha-naphthyl isothiocyanate-induced intrahepatic cholestasis in rats,” Clinical and Experimental Pharmacology and Physiology 20:543-547, 1993).


[0027] ANIT fails to produce extensive necrosis, but has been found to produce inflammation and edema in the portal tract of the liver (T. J. Maziasa et al., “The differential effects of hepatotoxicants on the sulfation pathway in rats,” Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 110:365-373, 1991). Livers treated with ANIT are significantly heavier than control-treated counterparts and serum levels of alanine aminotransferase (ALT), gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase (γ-GTP), total bilirubin, lipid peroxide and total bile acids showed significant increases (Anonymous, “An association between lipid peroxidation and α-naphthylisothiocyanate-induced liver injury in rats,” Toxicol Lett 105:103-110, 2000).


[0028] ANIT-induced hepatotoxicity may also be characterized by cholangiolitic hepatitis and bile duct damage. Acute hepatotoxicity caused by ANIT in rats is manifested as neutrophil-dependent necrosis of bile duct epithelial cells (BDECs) and hepatic parenchymal cells. These changes mirror the cholangiolitic hepatitis found in humans (D. A. Hill, Toxicol Sci 47:118-125, 1999).


[0029] Exposure to ANIT also causes liver injury by the development of cholestasis, the condition caused by failure to secrete bile, resulting in accumulation in blood plasma of substances normally secreted into bile, such as bilirubin and bile salts. Cholestasis is also characterized by liver cell necrosis, including bile duct epithelial cell necrosis, and bile duct obstruction, which leads to increased pressure on the lumenal side of the canalicular membrane, decreased canalicular flow and release of enzymes normally localized on the canalicular membrane (alkaline phosphatase, 5′-nucleotidase, gammaglutamyl transpeptidase). These enzymes also begin to accumulate in the plasma. Typical symptoms of cholestasis are general malaise, weakness, nausea, anorexia and severe pruritis (Cecil Textbook of Medicine, 20th ed., part XII, pp. 772-773, 805-808, J. C. Bennett and F. Plum Eds., W. B. Saunders Co., Philadelphia, 1996 and D. C. Kossor et al., “Temporal relationship of changes in hepatobiliary function and morphology in rats following α-naphthylisothiocyanate (ANIT) administration,” Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 119:108-114, 1993).


[0030] ANIT-induced cholestatis is also characterized by abnormal serum levels of alanine aminotransferase, aspartic acid aminotransferase and total bilirubin. In addition, hepatic lipid peroxidation is increased, and the membrane fluidity of microsomes is decreased. Histological changes include an infiltration of polymorphonuclear neutrophils and elevated number of apoptotic hepatocytes (J. R. Calvo et al., J Cell Biochem 80(4):461-470, 2001). Other known hepatotoxic effects of exposure to ANIT include a damaged antioxidant defense system, decreased activities of superoxide dismutase and catalase (Y. Ohta et al.


[0031] Toxicology 139(3):265-275, 1999), and the release of several proteases from the infiltrated neutrophils, alanine aminotransferase, cathepsin G, elastase, which mediate hepatocyte killing (D. A. Hill et al., Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 148(1):169-175, 1998).


[0032] Indomethacin is a non-steroidal antiinflammatory, antipyretic and analgesic drug commonly used to treat rheumatoid arthritis, osteoarthritis, ankylosing spondylitis, gout and a type of severe, chronic cluster headache characterized by many daily occurrences and jabbing pain. This drug acts as a potent inhibitor of prostaglandin synthesis; it inhibits the cyclooxygenase enzyme necessary for the conversion of arachidonic acid to prostaglandins (PDR 47th ed., Medical Economics Co., Inc., Montvale, N.J., 1993; Goodman & Gilman's The Pharmalogical Basis of Therapeutics 9th ed., J. G. Hardman et al. Eds., McGraw Hill, New York, 1996, pp. 1074-1075, 1089-1095; Cecil Textbook of Medicine, 20th ed., part XII, pp. 772-773, 805-808, J. C. Bennett and F. Plum Eds., W. B. Saunders Co., Philadelphia, 1996).


[0033] The most frequent adverse effects of indomethacin treatment are gastrointestinal disturbances, usually mild dyspepsia, although more severe conditions, such as bleeding, ulcers and perforations can occur. Hepatic involvement is uncommon, although some fatal cases of hepatitis and jaundice have been reported. Renal toxicity can also result, particularly after long-term administration. Renal papillary necrosis has been observed in rats, and interstitial nephritis with hematuria, proteinuria and nephrotic syndrome have been reported in humans. Patients suffering from renal dysfunction risk developing a reduction in renal blood flow, because renal prostaglandins play an important role in renal perfusion.


[0034] In rats, although indomethacin produces more adverse effects in the gastrointestinal tract than in the liver, it has been shown to induce changes in hepatocytic cytochrome P450. In one study, no widespread changes in the liver were observed, but a mild, focal, centrilobular response was noted. Serum levels of albumin and total protein were significantly reduced, while the serum level of urea was increased. No changes in creatinine or aspartate aminotransferase (AST) levels were observed (M. Falzon et al., “Comparative effects of indomethacin on hepatic enzymes and histology and on serum indices of liver and kidney function in the rat,” Br J exp Path 66:527-534, 1985). In another rat study, a single dose of indomethacin has been shown to reduce liver and renal microsomal enzymes, including CYP450, within 24 hours. Histopathological changes were not monitored, although there were lesions in the GI tract. The effects on the liver seemed to be waning by 48 hours (M. E. Fracasso et al., “Indomethacin induced hepatic alterations in mono-oxygenase system and faecal clostridium perfringens enterotoxin in the rat,” Agents Actions 31:313-316, 1990).


[0035] A study of hepatocytes, in which the relative toxicity of five nonsteroidal antiinflammatory agents was compared, showed that indomethacin was more toxic than the others. Levels of lactate dehydrogenase release and urea, as well as viability and morphology, were examined. Cells exposed to high levels of indomethacin showed cellular necrosis, nuclear pleomorphism, swollen mitochondria, fewer microvilli, smooth endoplasmic reticulum proliferation and cytoplasmic vacuolation (E. M. Sorensen et al., “Relative toxicities of several nonsteroidal antiinflammatory compounds in primary cultures of rat hepatocytes,” J Toxicol Environ Health 16(3-4);425-440, 1985). 17a-ethinylestradiol, a synthetic estrogen, is a component of oral contraceptives, often combined with the progestational compound norethindrone. It is also used in post-menopausal estrogen replacement therapy (PDR 47th ed., pp. 2415-2420, Medical Economics Co., Inc., Montvale, N.J., 1993; Goodman & Gilman's The Pharmalogical Basis of Therapeutics 9th ed., pp. 1419-1422, J. G. Hardman et al. Eds., McGraw Hill, New York, 1996).


[0036] The most frequent adverse effects of 17α-ethinylestradiol usage are increased risks of cardiovascular disease: myocardial infarction, thromboembolism, vascular disease and high blood pressure, and of changes in carbohydrate metabolism, in particular, glucose intolerance and impaired insulin secretion. There is also an increased risk of developing benign hepatic neoplasia, although the incidence of this disease is very low. Because this drug decreases the rate of liver metabolism, it is cleared slowly from the liver, and carcinogenic effects, such as tumor growth, may result.


[0037] In a recent study, 17α-ethinylestradiol was shown to cause a reversible intrahepatic cholestasis in male rats, mainly by reducing the bile-salt-independent fraction of bile flow (BSIF) (N. R. Koopen et al., “Impaired activity of the bile canalicular organic anion transporter (Mrp2/cmoat) is not the main cause of ethinylestradiol-induced cholestasis in the rat,” Hepatology 27:537-545, 1998). Plasma levels of bilirubin, bile salts, aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and alanine aminotransferase (ALT) in this study were not changed. This study also showed that 17α-ethinylestradiol produced a decrease in plasma cholesterol and plasma triglyceride levels, but an increase in the weight of the liver after 3 days of drug administration, along with a decrease in bile flow. Further results from this study are as follows. The activities of the liver enzymes leucine aminopeptidase and alkaline phosphatase initially showed significant increases, but enzyme levels decreased after 3 days. Bilirubin output increased, although glutathione (GSH) output decreased. The increased secretion of bilirubin into the bile without affecting the plasma level suggests that the increased bilirubin production must be related to an increased degradation of heme from heme-containing proteins. Similar results were obtained in another experiment (G. Bouchard et al., “Influence of oral treatment with ursodeoxycholic and tauroursodeoxycholic acids on estrogen-induced cholestasis in rats: effects on bile formation and liver plasma membranes,” Liver 13:193-202, 1993) in which the livers were also examined by light and electron microscopy. Despite the effects of the drug, visible changes in liver tissue were not observed.


[0038] In another study of male rats, cholestasis was induced by daily subcutaneous injections of 17α-ethinylestradiol for five days. Cholestasis was assessed by measuring the bile flow rate. Rats allowed to recover for five days after the end of drug treatment showed normal bile flow rates (Y. Hamada et al., “Hormone-induced bile flow and hepatobiliary calcium fluxes are attenuated in the perfused liver of rats made cholestatic with ethynylestradiol in vivo and with phalloidin in vitro,” Hepatology 21:1455-1464, 1995).


[0039] An experiment with male and female rats (X. Mayol, “Ethinyl estradiol-induced cell proliferation in rat liver. Involvement of specific populations of hepatocytes,” Carcinogenesis 13:2381-2388, 1992) found that 17a-ethinylestradiol induced acute liver hyperplasia (increase in mitotic index and BrdU staining) after two days of treatment, although growth regression occurred within the first few days of treatment. With long-term treatment, lasting hyperplasia was again observed after three to six months of administration of the drug. Apoptosis increased around day 3 and returned to normal by one week. Additional experiments in this same study showed that proliferating hepatocytes were predominantly located around a periportal zone of vacuolated hepatocytes, which were also induced by the treatment. Chronic induced activation was characterized by flow cytometry on hepatocytes isolated from male rats, and ploidy analysis of hepatocyte cell suspensions showed a considerably increased proportion of diploid hepatocytes. These diploid cells were the most susceptible to drug-induced proliferation. The results from this study support the theory that cell target populations exist that respond to the effects of tumor promoters. The susceptibility of the diploid hepatocytes to proliferation during treatment may explain, at least in part, the behavior of 17α-ethinylestradiol as a tumor promoter in the liver.


[0040] Wy-14643, a tumor-inducing compound that acts in the liver, has been used to study the genetic profile of cells during the various stages of carcinogenic development, with a view toward developing strategies for detecting, diagnosing and treating cancers (J. C. Rockett et al., “Use of suppression-PCR subtractive hybridisation to identify genes that demonstrate altered expression in male rat and guinea pig livers following exposure to Wy-14,643, a peroxisome proliferator and non-genotoxic hepatocarcinogen,” Toxicology 144(1-3):13-29, 2000). In contrast to other carcinogens, Wy-14643 does not mutate DNA directly. Instead, it acts on the peroxisome proliferator activated receptor-alpha (PPARalpha), as well as on other signaling pathways that regulate growth (T. E. Johnson et al., “Peroxisome proliferators and fatty acids negatively regulate liver X receptor-mediated activity and sterol biosynthesis,” J Steroid Biochem Mol Biol. 77(1):59-71, 2001). The effect is elevated and sustained cell replication, accompanied by a decrease in apoptosis (I. Rusyn et al., “Expression of base excision repair enzymes in rat and mouse liver is induced by peroxisome proliferators and is dependent upon carcinogenic potency,” Carcinogenesis 21(12):2141-2145, 2000). These authors (Rusyn et al) noted an increase in the expression of enzymes that repair DNA by base excision, but no increased expression of enzymes that do not repair oxidative damage to DNA. In a study on rodents, Johnson et al. noted that Wy-14643 inhibited liver-X-receptor-mediated transcription in a dose-dependent manner, as well as de novo sterol synthesis.


[0041] In experiments with mouse liver cells (J. M. Peters et al., “Role of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alpha in altered cell cycle regulation in mouse liver,” Carcinogenesis 19(11):1989-1994, 1998), exposure to Wy-14643 produced increased levels of acyl CoA oxidase and proteins involved in cell proliferation: CDK-1, 2 and 4, PCNA and c-myc. Elevated levels may be caused by accelerated transcription that is mediated directly or indirectly by PPARalpha. It is likely that the carcinogenic properties of peroxisome proliferators are due to the PPARalpha-dependent changes in levels of cell cycle regulatory proteins.


[0042] Another study on rodents (B. J. Keller et al., “Several nongenotoxic carcinogens uncouple mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation,” Biochim Biophys Acta 1102(2):237-244, 1992) showed that Wy-14643 was capable of uncoupling oxidative phosphorylation in rat liver mitochondria. Rates of urea synthesis from ammonia and bile flow, two energy-dependent processes, were reduced, indicating that the energy supply for these processes was disrupted as a result of cellular exposure to the toxin.


[0043] Wy-14643 has also been shown to activate nuclear factor kappaB, NADPH oxidase and superoxide production in Kupffer cells (I. Rusyn et al., “Oxidants from nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate oxidase are involved in triggering cell proliferation in the liver due to peroxisome proliferators,” Cancer Res 60(17):4798-4803, 2000). NADPH oxidase is known to induce mitogens, which cause proliferation of liver cells.


[0044] CPA is a potent androgen antagonist and has been used to treat acne, male pattern baldness, precocious puberty, and prostatic hyperplasia and carcinoma (Goodman & Gilman's The Pharmacological Basis of Therapeutics 9th ed., p. 1453, J. G. Hardman et al., Eds., McGraw Hill, New York, 1996). Additionally, CPA has been used clinically in hormone replacement therapy (HRT). CPA is useful in HRT as it protects the endometrium, decreases menopausal symptoms, and lessens osteoporotic fracture risk (H. P. Schneider, “The role of antiandrogens in hormone replacement therapy,” Climacteric 3 (Suppl. 2): 21-27, 2000).


[0045] Although CPA has numerous clinical applications, it is tumorigenic, mitogenic, and mutagenic. CPA has been used to treat patients with adenocarcinoma of the prostate, however in two documented cases (A. G. Macdonald and J. D. Bissett, “Avascular necrosis of the femoral head in patients with prostate cancer treated with cyproterone acetate and radiotherapy,” Clin Oncol 13: 135-137, 2001), patients developed femoral head avascular necrosis following CPA treatment. In one study (O. Krebs et al., “The DNA damaging drug cyproterone acetate causes gene mutations and induces glutathione-S-transferase P in the liver of female Big Blue transgenic F344 rats,” Carcinogenesis 19(2): 241-245, 1998), Big Blue transgenic F344 rats were giving varying doses of CPA. As the dose of CPA increased, so did the mutation frequency, but a threshold dose was not determined. Another study (S. Werner et al., “Formation of DNA adducts by cyproterone acetate and some structural analogues in primary cultures of human hepatocytes,” Mutat Res 395(2-3): 179-187, 1997), showed that CPA caused the formation of DNA adducts in primary cultures of human hepatocytes. The authors suggest that the genotoxicity associated with CPA may be due to the double bond in position 6-7 of the steroid.


[0046] In additional experiments with rats (P. Kasper and L. Mueller, “Time-related induction of DNA repair synthesis in rat hepatocytes following in vivo treatment with cyproterone acetate,” Carcinogenesis 17(10): 2271-2274, 1996), CPA was shown to induce unscheduled DNA synthesis in vitro. After a single oral dose of 100 mg CPA/kg body weight, continuous DNA repair activity was observed after 16 hours. Furthermore, CPA increased the occurrence of S phase cells, which corroborated the mitogenic potential of CPA in rat liver.


[0047] CPA has also been shown to produce cirrhosis (B. Z. Garty et al., “Cirrhosis in a child with hypothalamic syndrome and central precocious puberty treated with cyproterone acetate,” Eur J Pediatr 158(5): 367-370, 1999). A child, who had been treated with CPA for over 4 years for hypothalamic syndrome and precocious puberty, developed cirrhosis. Even though the medication was discontinued, the child eventually succumbed to sepsis and multiorgan failure four years later.


[0048] In one study on rat liver treated with CPA (W. Bursch et al., “Expression of clusterin (testosterone-repressed prostate message-2) mRNA during growth and regeneration of rat liver,” Arch Toxicol 69(4): 253-258, 1995), the expression of clusterin, a marker for apoptosis, was examined and measured by Northern and slot blot analysis. Bursch et al. showed that post-CPA administration, the clusterin mRNA concentration level increased. Moreover, in situ hybridization demonstrated that clusterin was expressed in all hepatocytes, therefore it is not limited to cells in the process of death by apoptosis.


[0049] Diclofenac, a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug, has been frequently administered to patients suffering from rheumatoid arthritis, osteoarthritis, and ankylosing spondylitis. Following oral administration, diclofenac is rapidly absorbed and then metabolized in the liver by cytochrome P450 isozyme of the CYC2C subfamily (Goodman & Gilman's The Pharmacological Basis of Therapeutics 9th ed., p. 637, J. G. Hardman et al., Eds., McGraw Hill, New York, 1996). In addition, diclofenac has been applied topically to treat pain due to corneal damage (D. G. Jayamanne et al., “The effectiveness of topical diclofenac in relieving discomfort following traumatic corneal abrasions,” Eye 11 (Pt. 1): 79-83, 1997; D. I. Dornic et al., “Topical diclofenac sodium in the management of anesthetic abuse keratopathy,” Am J. Ophthalmol 125(5): 719-721, 1998).


[0050] Although diclofenac has numerous clinical applications, adverse side-effects have been associated with the drug. In one study, out of 16 patients suffering from corneal complications associated with diclofenac use, 6 experienced corneal or scleral melts, three experienced ulceration, and two experienced severe keratopathy (A. C. Guidera et al., “Keratitis, ulceration, and perforation associated with topical nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs,” Ophthalmology 108(5): 936-944, 2001). Another report described a term newborn who had premature closure of the ductus arteriosus as a result of maternal treatment with diclofenac (M. Zenker et al., “Severe pulmonary hypertension in a neonate caused by premature closure of the ductus arteriosus following maternal treatment with diclofenac: a case report,” J Perinat Med 26(3): 231-234, 1998). Although it was only two weeks prior to delivery, the newborn had severe pulmonary hypertension and required treatment for 22 days of high doses of inhaled nitric oxide.


[0051] Another study investigated 180 cases of patients who had reported adverse reactions to diclofenac to the Food and Drug Administration (A. T. Banks et al., “Diclofenac-associated hepatoxicity: analysis of 180 cases reported to the Food and Drug Administration as adverse reactions,” Hepatology 22(3): 820-827, 1995). Of the 180 reported cases, the most common symptom was jaundice (75% of the symptomatic patients). Liver sections were taken and analyzed, and hepatic injury was apparent one month after drug treatment. An additional report showed that a patient developed severe hepatitis five weeks after beginning diclofenac treatment for osteoarthritis (A. Bhogaraju et al., “Diclofenac-associated hepatitis,” South Med J 92(7): 711-713, 1999). Within a few months following the cessation of diclofenac treatment there was complete restoration of liver functions.


[0052] In one study on diclofenac-treated Wistar rats (P. E. Ebong et al., “Effects of aspirin (acetylsalicylic acid) and Cataflam (potassium diclofenac) on some biochemical parameters in rats,” Afr J Med Med Sci 27(3-4): 243-246, 1998), diclofenac treatment induced an increase in serum chemistry levels of alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase, methaemoglobin, and total and conjugated bilirubin. Additionally, diclofenac enhanced the activity of alkaline phosphatase and 5′nucleotidase. Another study showed that humans given diclofenac had elevated levels of hepatic transaminases and serum creatine when compared to the control group (F. McKenna et al., “Celecoxib versus diclofenac in the management of osteoarthritis of the knee,” Scand J Rheumatol 30(1): 11-18,, 2001).


[0053] Toxicity Prediction and Modeling


[0054] The genes and gene expression information, as well as the portfolios and subsets of the genes provided in Tables 1-3, may be used to predict at least one toxic effect, including the hepatotoxicity of a test or unknown compound. As used, herein, at least one toxic effect includes, but is not limited to, a detrimental change in the physiological status of a cell or organism. The response may be, but is not required to be, associated with a particular pathology, such as tissue necrosis. Accordingly, the toxic effect includes effects at the molecular and cellular level. Hepatotoxicity is an effect as used herein and includes but is not limited to the pathologies of liver necrosis, hepatitis, fatty liver and protein adduct formation.


[0055] In general, assays to predict the toxicity or hepatotoxicity of a test agent (or compound or multi-component composition) comprise the steps of exposing a cell population to the test compound, assaying or measuring the level of relative or absolute gene expression of one or more of the genes in Tables 1-3 and comparing the identified expression level(s) to the expression levels disclosed in the Tables and database(s) disclosed herein. Assays may include the measurement of the expression levels of about 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 15, 20, 25, 30, 50, 75, 100 or more genes from Tables 1-3.


[0056] In the methods of the invention, the gene expression level for a gene or genes induced by the test agent, compound or compositions may be comparable to the levels found in the Tables or databases disclosed herein if the expression level varies within a factor of about 2, about 1.5 or about 1.0 fold. In some cases, the expression levels are comparable if the agent induces a change in the expression of a gene in the same direction (e.g., up or down) as a reference toxin.


[0057] The cell population that is exposed to the test agent, compound or composition may be exposed in vitro or in vivo. For instance, cultured or freshly isolated hepatocytes, in particular rat hepatocytes, may be exposed to the agent under standard laboratory and cell culture conditions. In another assay format, in vivo exposure may be accomplished by administration of the agent to a living animal, for instance a laboratory rat.


[0058] Procedures for designing and conducting toxicity tests in in vitro and in vivo systems are well known, and are described in many texts on the subject, such as Loomis et al. Loomis's Esstentials of Toxicology, 4th Ed. (Academic Press, New York, 1996); Echobichon, The Basics of Toxicity Testing (CRC Press, Boca Raton, 1992); Frazier, editor, In Vitro Toxicity Testing (Marcel Dekker, New York, 1992); and the like.


[0059] In in vitro toxicity testing, two groups of test organisms are usually employed: One group serves as a control and the other group receives the test compound in a single dose (for acute toxicity tests) or a regimen of doses (for prolonged or chronic toxicity tests). Since in some cases, the extraction of tissue as called for in the methods of the invention requires sacrificing the test animal, both the control group and the group receiving compound must be large enough to permit removal of animals for sampling tissues, if it is desired to observe the dynamics of gene expression through the duration of an experiment.


[0060] In setting up a toxicity study, extensive guidance is provided in the literature for selecting the appropriate test organism for the compound being tested, route of administration. dose ranges, and the like. Water or physiological saline (0.9% NaCl in water) is the solute of choice for the test compound since these solvents permit administration by a variety of routes. When this is not possible because of solubility limitations, vegetable oils such as corn oil or organic solvents such as propylene glycol may be used.


[0061] Regardless of the route of administration, the volume required to administer a given dose is limited by the size of the animal that is used. It is desirable to keep the volume of each dose uniform within and between groups of animals. When rats or mice are used, the volume administered by the oral route generally should not exceed 0.005 ml per gram of animal. Even when aqueous or physiological saline solutions are used for parenteral injection the volumes that are tolerated are limited, although such solutions are ordinarily thought of as being innocuous. The intravenous LD50 of distilled water in the mouse is approximately 0.044 ml per gram and that of isotonic saline is 0.068 ml per gram of mouse. In some instances, the route of administration to the test animal should be the same as, or as similar as possible to, the route of administration of the compound to man for therapeutic purposes.


[0062] When a compound is to be administered by inhalation, special techniques for generating test atmospheres are necessary. The methods usually involve aerosolization or nebulization of fluids containing the compound. If the agent to be tested is a fluid that has an appreciable vapor pressure, it may be administered by passing air through the solution under controlled temperature conditions. Under these conditions, dose is estimated from the volume of air inhaled per unit time, the temperature of the solution, and the vapor pressure of the agent involved. Gases are metered from reservoirs. When particles of a solution are to be administered, unless the particle size is less than about 2 μm the particles will not reach the terminal alveolar sacs in the lungs. A variety of apparatuses and chambers are available to perform studies for detecting effects of irritant or other toxic endpoints when they are administered by inhalation. The preferred method of administering an agent to animals is via the oral route, either by intubation or by incorporating the agent in the feed.


[0063] When the agent is exposed to cells in vitro or in cell culture, the cell population to be exposed to the agent may be divided into two or more subpopulations, for instance, by dividing the population into two or more identical aliquots. In some prefered embodiments of the methods of the invention, the cells to be exposed to the agent are derived from liver tissue. For instance, cultured or freshly isolated rat hepatocytes may be used.


[0064] The methods of the invention may be used to generally predict at least one toxic response, and as described in the Examples, may be used to predict the likelihood that a compound or test agent will induce various specifc liver pathologies such as liver necrosis, fatty liver disease, protein adduct formation or hepatitis. The methods of the invention may also be used to determine the similarity of a toxic response to one or more individual compounds. In addition, the methods of the invention may be used to predict or elucidate the potential cellular pathways influenced, induced or modulated by the compound or test agent due to the similarity of the expression profile compared to the profile induced by a known toxin (see Tables 3A-3S).


[0065] Diagnostic Uses for the Toxicity Markers


[0066] As described above, the genes and gene expression information or portfolios of the genes with their expression information as provided in Tables 1-3 may be used as diagnostic markers for the prediction or identification of the physiological state of tissue or cell sample that has been exposed to a compound or to identify or predict the toxic effects of a compound or agent. For instance, a tissue sample such as a sample of peripheral blood cells or some other easily obtainable tissue sample may be assayed by any of the methods described above, and the expression levels from a gene or genes from Tables 1-3 may be compared to the expression levels found in tissues or cells exposed to the toxins described herein. These methods may result in the diagnosis of a physiological state in the cell or may be used to identify the potential toxicity of a compound, for instance a new or unknown compound or agent. The comparison of expression data, as well as available sequence or other information may be done by researcher or diagnostician or may be done with the aid of a computer and databases as described below.


[0067] In another format, the levels of a gene(s) of Tables 1-3, its encoded protein(s), or any metabolite produced by the encoded protein may be monitored or detected in a sample, such as a bodily tissue or fluid sample to identify or diagnose a physiological state of an organism. Such samples may include any tissue or fluid sample, including urine, blood and easily obtainable cells such as peripheral lymphocytes.


[0068] Use of the Markers for Monitoring Toxicity Progression


[0069] As described above, the genes and gene expression information provided in Tables 1-3 may also be used as markers for the monitoring of toxicity progression, such as that found after initial exposure to a drug, drug candidate, toxin, pollutant, etc. For instance, a tissue or cell sample may be assayed by any of the methods described above, and the expression levels from a gene or genes from Tables 1-3 may be compared to the expression levels found in tissue or cells exposed to the hepatotoxins described herein. The comparison of the expression data, as well as available sequence or other information may be done by researcher or diagnostician or may be done with the aid of a computer and databases.


[0070] Use of the Toxicity Markers for Drug Screening


[0071] According to the present invention, the genes identified in Tables 1-3 may be used as markers or drug targets to evaluate the effects of a candidate drug, chemical compound or other agent on a cell or tissue sample. The genes may also be used as drug targets to screen for agents that modulate their expression and/or activity. In various formats, a candidate drug or agent can be screened for the ability to simulate the transcription or expression of a given marker or markers or to down-regulate or counteract the transcription or expression of a marker or markers. According to the present invention, one can also compare the specificity of a drug's effects by looking at the number of markers which the drug induces and comparing them. More specific drugs will have less transcriptional targets. Similar sets of markers identified for two drugs may indicate a similarity of effects.


[0072] Assays to monitor the expression of a marker or markers as defined in Tables 1-3 may utilize any available means of monitoring for changes in the expression level of the nucleic acids of the invention. As used herein, an agent is said to modulate the expression of a nucleic acid of the invention if it is capable of up- or down-regulating expression of the nucleic acid in a cell.


[0073] In one assay format, gene chips containing probes to one, tow or more genes from Tables 1-3 may be used to directly monitor or detect changes in gene expression in the treated or exposed cell. Cell lines, tissues or other samples are first exposed to a test agent and in some instances, a known toxin, and the detected expression levels of one or more, or preferably 2 or more of the genes of Tables 1-3 are compared to the expression levels of those same genes exposed to a known toxin alone. Compounds that modulate the expression patterns of the known toxin(s) would be expected to modulate potential toxic physiological effects in vivo. The genes in Tables 1-3 are particularly appropriate marks in these assays as they are differentially expressed in cells upon exposure to a known hepatotoxin.


[0074] In another format, cell lines that contain reporter gene fusions between the open reading frame and/or the transcriptional regulatory regions of a gene in Tables 1-3 and any assayable fusion partner may be prepared. Numerous assayable fusion partners are known and readily available including the firefly luciferase gene and the gene encoding chloramphenicol acetyltransferase (Alam et al. (1990) Anal. Biochem. 188:245-254). Cell lines containing the reporter gene fusions are then exposed to the agent to be tested under appropriate conditions and time. Differential expression of the reporter gene between samples exposed to the agent and control samples identifies agents which modulate the expression of the nucleic acid.


[0075] Additional assay formats may be used to monitor the ability of the agent to modulate the expression of a gene identified in Tables 1-3. For instance, as described above, mRNA expression may be monitored directly by hybridization of probes to the nucleic acids of the invention. Cell lines are exposed to the agent to be tested under appropriate conditions and time and total RNA or mRNA is isolated by standard procedures such those disclosed in Sambrook et al. (Molecular Cloning: A Laboratory Manual, 2nd Ed. Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory Press, 1989).


[0076] In another assay format, cells or cell lines are first identified which express the gene products of the invention physiologically. Cell and/or cell lines so identified would be expected to comprise the necessary cellular machinery such that the fidelity of modulation of the transcriptional apparatus is maintained with regard to exogenous contact of agent with appropriate surface transduction mechanisms and/or the cytosolic cascades. Further, such cells or cell lines may be transduced or transfected with an expression vehicle (e.g., a plasmid or viral vector) construct comprising an operable non-translated 5′-promoter containing end of the structural gene encoding the gene products of Tables 1-3 fused to one or more antigenic fragments or other detectable markers, which are peculiar to the instant gene products, wherein said fragments are under the transcriptional control of said promoter and are expressed as polypeptides whose molecular weight can be distinguished from the naturally occurring polypeptides or may further comprise an immunologically distinct or other detectable tag. Such a process is well known in the art (see Maniatis).


[0077] Cells or cell lines transduced or transfected as outlined above are then contacted with agents under appropriate conditions; for example, the agent comprises a pharmaceutically acceptable excipient and is contacted with cells comprised in an aqueous physiological buffer such as phosphate buffered saline (PBS) at physiological pH, Eagles balanced salt solution (BSS) at physiological pH, PBS or BSS comprising serum or conditioned media comprising PBS or BSS and/or serum incubated at 37° C. Said conditions may be modulated as deemed necessary by one of skill in the art. Subsequent to contacting the cells with the agent, said cells are disrupted and the polypeptides of the lysate are fractionated such that a polypeptide fraction is pooled and contacted with an antibody to be further processed by immunological assay (e.g. ELISA, immunoprecipitation or Western blot). The pool of proteins isolated from the “agent-contacted” sample is then compared with the control samples (no exposure and exposure to a known toxin) where only the excipient is contacted with the cells and an increase or decrease in the immunologically generated signal from the “agent-contacted” sample compared to the control is used to distinguish the effectiveness and/or toxic effects of the agent.


[0078] Another embodiment of the present invention provides methods for identifying agents that modulate at least one activity of a protein(s) encoded by the genes in Tables 1-3. Such methods or assays may utilize any means of monitoring or detecting the desired activity.


[0079] In one format, the relative amounts of a protein (Tables 1-3) between a cell population that has been exposed to the agent to be tested compared to an unexposed control cell population and a cell population exposed to a known toxin may be assayed. In this format, probes such as specific antibodies are used to monitor the differential expression of the protein in the different cell populations. Cell lines or populations are exposed to the agent to be tested under appropriate conditions and time. Cellular lysates may be prepared from the exposed cell line or population and a control, unexposed cell line or population. The cellular lysates are then analyzed with the probe, such as a specific antibody.


[0080] Agents that are assayed in the above methods can be randomly selected or rationally selected or designed. As used herein, an agent is said to be randomly selected when the agent is chosen randomly without considering the specific sequences involved in the association of the a protein of the invention alone or with its associated substrates, binding partners, etc. An example of randomly selected agents is the use a chemical library or a peptide combinatorial library, or a growth broth of an organism.


[0081] As used herein, an agent is said to be rationally selected or designed when the agent is chosen on a nonrandom basis which takes into account the sequence of the target site and/or its conformation in connection with the agent's action. Agents can be rationally selected or rationally designed by utilizing the peptide sequences that make up these sites. For example, a rationally selected peptide agent can be a peptide whose amino acid sequence is identical to or a derivative of any functional consensus site.


[0082] The agents of the present invention can be, as examples, peptides, small molecules, vitamin derivatives, as well as carbohydrates. Dominant negative proteins, DNAs encoding these proteins, antibodies to these proteins, peptide fragments of these proteins or mimics of these proteins may be introduced into cells to affect function. “Mimic” used herein refers to the modification of a region or several regions of a peptide molecule to provide a structure chemically different from the parent peptide but topographically and functionally similar to the parent peptide (see Grant GA. in: Meyers (ed.) Molecular Biology and Biotechnology (New York, VCH Publishers, 1995), pp. 659-664). A skilled artisan can readily recognize that there is no limit as to the structural nature of the agents of the present invention.


[0083] Nucleic Acid Assay Formats


[0084] The genes identified as being differentially expressed upon exposure to a known hepatotoxin (Tables 1-3) may be used in a variety of nucleic acid detection assays to detect or quantititate the expression level of a gene or multiple genes in a given sample. The genes described in Tables 1-3 may also be used in combination with one or more additional genes whose differential expression is associate with toxicity in a cell or tissue. In preferred embodiments, the genes in Tables 1-3 may be combined with one or more of the genes described in related application Nos .60/222,040, 60/244,880, 60/290,029, 60/290,645, 60/292,336, 60/295,798, 60/297,457, 60/298,884 and 60/303,459, all of which are incorporated by reference on page 1 of this application.


[0085] Any assay format to detect gene expression may be used. For example, traditional Northern blotting, dot or slot blot, nuclease protection, primer directed amplification, RT-PCR, semi- or quantitative PCR, branched-chain DNA and differential display methods may be used for detecting gene expression levels. Those methods are useful for some embodiments of the invention. In cases where smaller numbers of genes are detected, amplification based assays may be most efficient. Methods and assays of the invention, however, may be most efficiently designed with hybridization-based methods for detecting the expression of a large number of genes.


[0086] Any hybridization assay format may be used, including solution-based and solid support-based assay formats. Solid supports containing oligonucleotide probes for differentially expressed genes of the invention can be filters, polyvinyl chloride dishes, particles, beads, microparticles or silicon or glass based chips, etc. Such chips, wafers and hybridization methods are widely available, for example, those disclosed by Beattie (WO 95/11755).


[0087] Any solid surface to which oligonucleotides can be bound, either directly or indirectly, either covalently or non-covalently, can be used. A preferred solid support is a high density array or DNA chip. These contain a particular oligonucleotide probe in a predetermined location on the array. Each predetermined location may contain more than one molecule of the probe, but each molecule within the predetermined location has an identical sequence. Such predetermined locations are termed features. There may be, for example, from 2, 10, 100, 1000 to 10,000, 100,000 or 400,000 of such features on a single solid support. The solid support, or the area within which the probes are attached may be on the order of about a square centimeter. Probes corresponding to the genes of Tables 1-3 or from the related applications described above may be attached to single or multiple solid support structures, e.g., the probes may be attached to a single chip or to multiple chips to comprise a chip set.


[0088] Oligonucleotide probe arrays for expression monitoring can be made and used according to any techniques known in the art (see for example, Lockhart et al., Nat. Biotechnol. (1996) 14, 1675-1680; McGall et al., Proc. Nat. Acad. Sci. USA (1996) 93, 13555-13460). Such probe arrays may contain at least two or more oligonucleotides that are complementary to or hybridize to two or more of the genes described in Tables 1-3. For instance, such arrays may contain oligonucleotides that are complementary or hybridize to at least 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 20, 30, 50, 70, 100 or more the genes described herein. Preferred arrays contain all or nearly all of the genes listed in Tables 1-3, or individually, the gene sets of Tables 3A-3S. In a preferred embodiment, arrays are constructed that contain oligonucleotides to detect all or nearly all of the genes in any one of or all of Tables 1-3 on a single solid support substrate, such as a chip.


[0089] The sequences of the expression marker genes of Tables 1-3 are in the public databases. Table 1 provides the GenBank Accession Number for each of the sequences (see www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/). The sequences of the genes in GenBank are expressly herein incorporated by reference in their entirety as of the filing date of this application, as are related sequences, for instance, sequences from the same gene of different lengths, variant sequences, polymorphic sequences, genomic sequences of the genes and related sequences from different species, including the human counterparts, where appropriate. These sequences may be used in the methods of the invention or may be used to produce the probes and arrays of the invention. In some embodiments, the genes in Tables 1-3 that correspond to the genes or fragments previously associated with a toxic response may be excluded from the Tables.


[0090] As described above, in addition to the sequences of the GenBank Accessions Numbers disclosed in the Tables 1-3 , sequences such as naturally occurring variant or polymorphic sequences may be used in the methods and compositions of the invention. For instance, expression levels of various allelic or homologous forms of a gene disclosed in the Tables 1-3 may be assayed. Any and all nucleotide variations that do not alter the functional activity of a gene listed in the Tables 1-3, including all naturally occurring allelic variants of the genes herein disclosed, may be used in the methods and to make the compositions (e.g., arrays) of the invention.


[0091] Probes based on the sequences of the genes described above may be prepared by any commonly available method. Oligonucleotide probes for screening or assaying a tissue or cell sample are preferably of sufficient length to specifically hybridize only to appropriate, complementary genes or transcripts. Typically the oligonucleotide probes will be at least 10, 12, 14, 16, 18, 20 or 25 nucleotides in length. In some cases, longer probes of at least 30, 40, or 50 nucleotides will be desirable.


[0092] As used herein, oligonucleotide sequences that are complementary to one or more of the genes described in Tables 1-3 refer to oligonucleotides that are capable of hybridizing under stringent conditions to at least part of the nucleotide sequences of said genes. Such hybridizable oligonucleotides will typically exhibit at least about 75% sequence identity at the nucleotide level to said genes, preferably about 80% or 85% sequence identity or more preferably about 90% or 95% or more sequence identity to said genes. “Bind(s) substantially” refers to complementary hybridization between a probe nucleic acid and a target nucleic acid and embraces minor mismatches that can be accommodated by reducing the stringency of the hybridization media to achieve the desired detection of the target polynucleotide sequence.


[0093] The terms “background” or “background signal intensity” refer to hybridization signals resulting from non-specific binding, or other interactions, between the labeled target nucleic acids and components of the oligonucleotide array (e.g., the oligonucleotide probes, control probes, the array substrate, etc.). Background signals may also be produced by intrinsic fluorescence of the array components themselves. A single background signal can be calculated for the entire array, or a different background signal may be calculated for each target nucleic acid. In a preferred embodiment, background is calculated as the average hybridization signal intensity for the lowest 5% to 10% of the probes in the array, or, where a different background signal is calculated for each target gene, for the lowest 5% to 10% of the probes for each gene. Of course, one of skill in the art will appreciate that where the probes to a particular gene hybridize well and thus appear to be specifically binding to a target sequence, they should not be used in a background signal calculation. Alternatively, background may be calculated as the average hybridization signal intensity produced by hybridization to probes that are not complementary to any sequence found in the sample (e.g. probes directed to nucleic acids of the opposite sense or to genes not found in the sample such as bacterial genes where the sample is mammalian nucleic acids). Background can also be calculated as the average signal intensity produced by regions of the array that lack any probes at all.


[0094] The phrase “hybridizing specifically to” refers to the binding, duplexing, or hybridizing of a molecule substantially to or only to a particular nucleotide sequence or sequences under stringent conditions when that sequence is present in a complex mixture (e.g., total cellular) DNA or RNA.


[0095] Assays and methods of the invention may utilize available formats to simultaneously screen at least about 100, preferably about 1000, more preferably about 10,000 and most preferably about 1,000,000 different nucleic acid hybridizations.


[0096] As used herein a “probe” is defined as a nucleic acid, capable of binding to a target nucleic acid of complementary sequence through one or more types of chemical bonds, usually through complementary base pairing, usually through hydrogen bond formation. As used herein, a probe may include natural (i.e., A, G, U, C, or T) or modified bases (7-deazaguanosine, inosine, etc.). In addition, the bases in probes may be joined by a linkage other than a phosphodiester bond, so long as it does not interfere with hybridization. Thus, probes may be peptide nucleic acids in which the constituent bases are joined by peptide bonds rather than phosphodiester linkages.


[0097] The term “perfect match probe” refers to a probe that has a sequence that is perfectly complementary to a particular target sequence. The test probe is typically perfectly complementary to a portion (subsequence) of the target sequence. The perfect match (PM) probe can be a “test probe”, a “normalization control” probe, an expression level control probe and the like. A perfect match control or perfect match probe is, however, distinguished from a “mismatch control” or “mismatch probe.” The terms “mismatch control” or “mismatch probe” refer to a probe whose sequence is deliberately selected not to be perfectly complementary to a particular target sequence. For each mismatch (MM) control in a high-density array there typically exists a corresponding perfect match (PM) probe that is perfectly complementary to the same particular target sequence. The mismatch may comprise one or more bases.


[0098] While the mismatch(s) may be located anywhere in the mismatch probe, terminal mismatches are less desirable as a terminal mismatch is less likely to prevent hybridization of the target sequence. In a particularly preferred embodiment, the mismatch is located at or near the center of the probe such that the mismatch is most likely to destabilize the duplex with the target sequence under the test hybridization conditions.


[0099] The term “stringent conditions” refers to conditions under which a probe will hybridize to its target subsequence, but with only insubstantial hybridization to other sequences or to other sequences such that the difference may be identified. Stringent conditions are sequence-dependent and will be different in different circumstances. Longer sequences hybridize specifically at higher temperatures. Generally, stringent conditions are selected to be about 5° C. lower than the thermal melting point (Tm) for the specific sequence at a defined ionic strength and pH.


[0100] Typically, stringent conditions will be those in which the salt concentration is at least about 0.01 to 1.0 M Na+ion concentration (or other salts) at pH 7.0 to 8.3 and the temperature is at least about 30° C. for short probes (e.g., 10 to 50 nucleotides). Stringent conditions may also be achieved with the addition of destabilizing agents such as formamide.


[0101] The “percentage of sequence identity” or “sequence identity” is determined by comparing two optimally aligned sequences or subsequences over a comparison window or span, wherein the portion of the polynucleotide sequence in the comparison window may optionally comprise additions or deletions (i.e., gaps) as compared to the reference sequence (which does not comprise additions or deletions) for optimal alignment of the two sequences. The percentage is calculated by determining the number of positions at which the identical submit (e.g. nucleic acid base or amino acid residue) occurs in both sequences to yield the number of matched positions, dividing the number of matched positions by the total number of positions in the window of comparison and multiplying the result by 100 to yield the percentage of sequence identity. Percentage sequence identity when calculated using the programs GAP or BESTFIT (see below) is calculated using default gap weights.


[0102] Probe Design


[0103] One of skill in the art will appreciate that an enormous number of array designs are suitable for the practice of this invention. The high density array will typically include a number of test probes that specifically hybridize to the sequences of interest. Probes may be produced from any region of the genes identified in the Tables and the attached representative sequence listing. In instances where the gene reference in the Tables is an EST, probes may be designed from that sequence or from other regions of the corresponding full-length transcript that may be available in any of the sequence databases, such as those herein described. See WO99/32660 for methods of producing probes for a given gene or genes. In addition, any available software may be used to produce specific probe sequences, including, for instance, software available from Molecular Biology Insights, Olympus Optical Co. and Biosoft International. In a preferred embodiment, the array will also include one or more control probes.


[0104] High density array chips of the invention include “test probes.” Test probes may be oligonucleotides that range from about 5 to about 500, or about 7 to about 50 nucleotides, more preferably from about 10 to about 40 nucleotides and most preferably from about 15 to about 35 nucleotides in length. In other particularly preferred embodiments, the probes are 20 or 25 nucleotides in length. In another preferred embodiment, test probes are double or single strand DNA sequences. DNA sequences are isolated or cloned from natural sources or amplified from natural sources using native nucleic acid as templates. These probes have sequences complementary to particular subsequences of the genes whose expression they are designed to detect. Thus, the test probes are capable of specifically hybridizing to the target nucleic acid they are to detect.


[0105] In addition to test probes that bind the target nucleic acid(s) of interest, the high density array can contain a number of control probes. The control probes may fall into three categories referred to herein as 1) normalization controls; 2) expression level controls; and 3) mismatch controls.


[0106] Normalization controls are oligonucleotide or other nucleic acid probes that are complementary to labeled reference oligonucleotides or other nucleic acid sequences that are added to the nucleic acid sample to be screened. The signals obtained from the normalization controls after hybridization provide a control for variations in hybridization conditions, label intensity, “reading” efficiency and other factors that may cause the signal of a perfect hybridization to vary between arrays. In a preferred embodiment, signals (e.g., fluorescence intensity) read from all other probes in the array are divided by the signal (e.g., fluorescence intensity) from the control probes thereby normalizing the measurements.


[0107] Virtually any probe may serve as a normalization control. However, it is recognized that hybridization efficiency varies with base composition and probe length. Preferred normalization probes are selected to reflect the average length of the other probes present in the array, however, they can be selected to cover a range of lengths. The normalization control(s) can also be selected to reflect the (average) base composition of the other probes in the array, however in a preferred embodiment, only one or a few probes are used and they are selected such that they hybridize well (i.e., no secondary structure) and do not match any target-specific probes.


[0108] Expression level controls are probes that hybridize specifically with constitutively expressed genes in the biological sample. Virtually any constitutively expressed gene provides a suitable target for expression level controls. Typically expression level control probes have sequences complementary to subsequences of constitutively expressed “housekeeping genes” including, but not limited to the actin gene, the transferrin receptor gene, the GAPDH gene, and the like.


[0109] Mismatch controls may also be provided for the probes to the target genes, for expression level controls or for normalization controls. Mismatch controls are oligonucleotide probes or other nucleic acid probes identical to their corresponding test or control probes except for the presence of one or more mismatched bases. A mismatched base is a base selected so that it is not complementary to the corresponding base in the target sequence to which the probe would otherwise specifically hybridize. One or more mismatches are selected such that under appropriate hybridization conditions (e.g., stringent conditions) the test or control probe would be expected to hybridize with its target sequence, but the mismatch probe would not hybridize (or would hybridize to a significantly lesser extent) Preferred mismatch probes contain a central mismatch. Thus, for example, where a probe is a 20 mer, a corresponding mismatch probe will have the identical sequence except for a single base mismatch (e.g., substituting a G, a C or a T for an A) at any of positions 6 through 14 (the central mismatch).


[0110] Mismatch probes thus provide a control for non-specific binding or cross hybridization to a nucleic acid in the sample other than the target to which the probe is directed. For example, if the target is present the perfect match probes should be consistently brighter than the mismatch probes. In addition, if all central mismatches are present, the mismatch probes can be used to detect a mutation, for instance, a mutation of a gene in the accompanying Tables 1-3 . The difference in intensity between the perfect match and the mismatch probe provides a good measure of the concentration of the hybridized material.


[0111] Nucleic Acid Samples


[0112] Cell or tissue samples may be exposed to the test agent in vitro or in vivo. When cultured cells or tissues are used, appropriate mammalian liver extracts may also be added with the test agent to evaluate agents that may require biotransformation to exhibit toxicity. In a preferred format, primary isolates of animal or human hepatocytes which already express the appropriate complement of drug-metabolizing enzymes may be exposed to the test agent without the addition of mammalian liver extracts.


[0113] The genes which are assayed according to the present invention are typically in the form of mRNA or reverse transcribed mRNA. The genes may be cloned or not. The genes may be amplified or not. The cloning and/or amplification do not appear to bias the representation of genes within a population. In some assays, it may be preferable, however, to use polyA+RNA as a source, as it can be used with less processing steps.


[0114] As is apparent to one of ordinary skill in the art, nucleic acid samples used in the methods and assays of the invention may be prepared by any available method or process. Methods of isolating total mRNA are well known to those of skill in the art. For example, methods of isolation and purification of nucleic acids are described in detail in Chapter 3 of


[0115] Laboratory Techniques in Biochemistry and Molecular Biology: Hybridization With Nucleic Acid Probes, Part I Theory and Nucleic Acid Preparation, P. Tijssen, Ed., Elsevier, N.Y. (1993). Such samples include RNA samples, but also include cDNA synthesized from a mRNA sample isolated from a cell or tissue of interest. Such samples also include DNA amplified from the cDNA, and RNA transcribed from the amplified DNA. One of skill in the art would appreciate that it is desirable to inhibit or destroy RNase present in homogenates before homogenates are used.


[0116] Biological samples may be of any biological tissue or fluid or cells from any organism as well as cells raised in vitro, such as cell lines and tissue culture cells. Frequently the sample will be a tissue or cell sample that has been exposed to a compound, agent, drug, pharmaceutical composition, potential environmental pollutant or other composition. In some formats, the sample will be a “clinical sample” which is a sample derived from a patient. Typical clinical samples include, but are not limited to, sputum, blood, blood-cells (e.g., white cells), tissue or fine needle biopsy samples, urine, peritoneal fluid, and pleural fluid, or cells therefrom.


[0117] Biological samples may also include sections of tissues, such as frozen sections or formalin fixed sections taken for histological purposes.


[0118] Forming High Density Arrays


[0119] Methods of forming high density arrays of oligonucleotides with a minimal number of synthetic steps are known. The oligonucleotide analogue array can be synthesized on a single or on multiple solid substrates by a variety of methods, including, but not limited to, light-directed chemical coupling, and mechanically directed coupling. See Pirrung, U.S. Pat. No. 5,143,854.


[0120] In brief, the light-directed combinatorial synthesis of oligonucleotide arrays on a glass surface proceeds using automated phosphoramidite chemistry and chip masking techniques. In one specific implementation, a glass surface is derivatized with a silane reagent containing a functional group, e.g., a hydroxyl or amine group blocked by a photolabile protecting group. Photolysis through a photolithogaphic mask is used selectively to expose functional groups which are then ready to react with incoming 5′ photoprotected nucleoside phosphoramidites. The phosphoramidites react only with those sites which are illuminated (and thus exposed by removal of the photolabile blocking group). Thus, the phosphoramidites only add to those areas selectively exposed from the preceding step. These steps are repeated until the desired array of sequences have been synthesized on the solid surface. Combinatorial synthesis of different oligonucleotide analogues at different locations on the array is determined by the pattern of illumination during synthesis and the order of addition of coupling reagents.


[0121] In addition to the foregoing, additional methods which can be used to generate an array of oligonucleotides on a single substrate are described in PCT Publication Nos. WO93/09668 and WO01/23614. High density nucleic acid arrays can also be fabricated by depositing premade or natural nucleic acids in predetermined positions. Synthesized or natural nucleic acids are deposited on specific locations of a substrate by light directed targeting and oligonucleotide directed targeting. Another embodiment uses a dispenser that moves from region to region to deposit nucleic acids in specific spots.


[0122] Hybridization


[0123] Nucleic acid hybridization simply involves contacting a probe and target nucleic acid under conditions where the probe and its complementary target can form stable hybrid duplexes through complementary base pairing. See WO99/32660. The nucleic acids that do not form hybrid duplexes are then washed away leaving the hybridized nucleic acids to be detected, typically through detection of an attached detectable label. It is generally recognized that nucleic acids are denatured by increasing the temperature or decreasing the salt concentration of the buffer containing the nucleic acids. Under low stringency conditions (e.g., low temperature and/or high salt) hybrid duplexes (e.g., DNA:DNA, RNA:RNA, or RNA:DNA) will form even where the annealed sequences are not perfectly complementary. Thus, specificity of hybridization is reduced at lower stringency. Conversely, at higher stringency (e.g., higher temperature or lower salt) successful hybridization tolerates fewer mismatches. One of skill in the art will appreciate that hybridization conditions may be selected to provide any degree of stringency.


[0124] In a preferred embodiment, hybridization is performed at low stringency, in this case in 6X SSPET at 37° C. (0.005% Triton X-100), to ensure hybridization and then subsequent washes are performed at higher stringency (e.g., I×SSPET at 37° C.) to eliminate mismatched hybrid duplexes. Successive washes may be performed at increasingly higher stringency (e.g., down to as low as 0.25×SSPET at 37° C. to 50° C.) until a desired level of hybridization specificity is obtained. Stringency can also be increased by addition of agents such as formamide. Hybridization specificity may be evaluated by comparison of hybridization to the test probes with hybridization to the various controls that can be present (e.g., expression level control, normalization control, mismatch controls, etc.).


[0125] In general, there is a tradeoff between hybridization specificity (stringency) and signal intensity. Thus, in a preferred embodiment, the wash is performed at the highest stringency that produces consistent results and that provides a signal intensity greater than approximately 10% of the background intensity. Thus, in a preferred embodiment, the hybridized array may be washed at successively higher stringency solutions and read between each wash. Analysis of the data sets thus produced will reveal a wash stringency above which the hybridization pattern is not appreciably altered and which provides adequate signal for the particular oligonucleotide probes of interest.


[0126] Signal Detection


[0127] The hybridized nucleic acids are typically detected by detecting one or more labels attached to the sample nucleic acids. The labels may be incorporated by any of a number of means well known to those of skill in the art. See WO99/32660.


[0128] Databases


[0129] The present invention includes relational databases containing sequence information, for instance, for the genes of Tables 1-3, as well as gene expression information from tissue or cells exposed to various standard toxins, such as those herein described (see Table 3A-3S). Databases may also contain information associated with a given sequence or tissue sample such as descriptive information about the gene associated with the sequence information (see Table 1), or descriptive information concerning the clinical status of the tissue sample, or the animal from which the sample was derived. The database may be designed to include different parts, for instance a sequence database and a gene expression database. Methods for the configuration and construction of such databases are widely available, for instance, see U.S. Pat. No. 5,953,727, which is herein incorporated by reference in its entirety.


[0130] The databases of the invention may be linked to an outside or external database such as GenBank (www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez.index.html); KEGG (www.genome.ad.jp/kegg); SPAD (www.grt.kyushu-u.ac.jp/spad/index.html); HUGO (www.gene. ucl.ac.uk/hugo); Swiss-Prot (www.expasy.ch.sprot); Prosite (www. expasy.ch/tools/scnpsitl.html); OMIM (www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/omim); GDB (www.gdb.org); and GeneCard (bioinformatics.weizmann.ac.il/cards). In a preferred embodiment, as described in Tables 1-3, the external database is GenBank and the associated databases maintained by the National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI) (www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov).


[0131] Any appropriate computer platform may be used to perform the necessary comparisons between sequence information, gene expression information and any other information in the database or information provided as an input. For example, a large number of computer workstations are available from a variety of manufacturers, such has those available from Silicon Graphics. Client/server environments, database servers and networks are also widely available and appropriate platforms for the databases of the invention.


[0132] The databases of the invention may be used to produce, among other things, electronic Northerns that allow the user to determine the cell type or tissue in which a given gene is expressed and to allow determination of the abundance or expression level of a given gene in a particular tissue or cell.


[0133] The databases of the invention may also be used to present information identifying the expression level in a tissue or cell of a set of genes comprising one or more of the genes in Tables 1-3, comprising the step of comparing the expression level of at least one gene in Tables 1-3 in a cell or tissue exposed to a test agent to the level of expression of the gene in the database. Such methods may be used to predict the toxic potential of a given compound by comparing the level of expression of a gene or genes in Tables 1-3 from a tissue or cell sample exposed to the test agent to the expression levels found in a control tissue or cell samples exposed to a standard toxin or hepatotoxin such as those herein described. Such methods may also be used in the drug or agent screening assays as described below.


[0134] Kits


[0135] The invention further includes kits combining, in different combinations, high-density oligonucleotide arrays, reagents for use with the arrays, protein reagents encoded by the genes of the Tables, signal detection and array-processing instruments, gene expression databases and analysis and database management software described above. The kits may be used, for example, to predict or model the toxic response of a test compound, to monitor the progression of hepatic disease states, to identify genes that show promise as new drug targets and to screen known and newly designed drugs as discussed above.


[0136] The databases packaged with the kits are a compilation of expression patterns from human or laboratory animal genes and gene fragments (corresponding to the genes of Tables 1-3). In particular, the database software and packaged information include the expression results of Tables 1-3 that can be used to predict toxicity of a test agent by comparing the expression levels of the genes of Tables 1-3 induced by the test agent to the expression levels presented in Tables 3A-3S. In another format, database and software information may be provided in a remote electronic format, such as a website, the address of which may be packaged in the kit.


[0137] The kits may used in the pharmaceutical industry, where the need for early drug testing is strong due to the high costs associated with drug development, but where bioinformatics, in particular gene expression informatics, is still lacking. These kits will reduce the costs, time and risks associated with traditional new drug screening using cell cultures and laboratory animals. The results of large-scale drug screening of pre-grouped patient populations, pharmacogenomics testing, can also be applied to select drugs with greater efficacy and fewer side-effects. The kits may also be used by smaller biotechnology companies and research institutes who do not have the facilities for performing such large-scale testing themselves.


[0138] Databases and software designed for use with use with microarrays is discussed in Balaban et al., U.S. Pat. Nos. 6,229,911, a computer-implemented method for managing information, stored as indexed Tables 1-3 , collected from small or large numbers of microarrays, and U.S. Pat. No. 6,185,561, a computer-based method with data mining capability for collecting gene expression level data, adding additional attributes and reformatting the data to produce answers to various queries. Chee et al., U.S. Pat. No. 5,974,164, disclose a software-based method for identifying mutations in a nucleic acid sequence based on differences in probe fluorescence intensities between wild type and mutant sequences that hybridize to reference sequences.


[0139] Without further description, it is believed that one of ordinary skill in the art can, using the preceding description and the following illustrative examples, make and utilize the compounds of the present invention and practice the claimed methods. The following working examples therefore, specifically point out the preferred embodiments of the present invention, and are not to be construed as limiting in any way the remainder of the disclosure.







EXAMPLES


Example 1


Identification of Toxicity Markers

[0140] The hepatotoxins amitryptiline, ANIT, acetaminophen, carbon tetrachloride, CPA, diclofenac, estradiol, indomethacin, valproate, WY-14643 and control compositions were administered to male Sprague-Dawley rats at various time points using adminstration diluents, protocols and dosing regimes as previously described in the art and previously described in the priority applications discussed above.


[0141] After adminstration, the dosed animals were observed and tissues were collected as described below:


[0142] Observation of Animals


[0143] 1. Clinical Observations Twice daily—mortality and moribundity check. Cage Side Observations—skin and fur, eyes and mucous membrane, respiratory system, circulatory system, autonomic and central nervous system, somatomotor pattern, and behavior pattern.


[0144]  Potential signs of toxicity, including tremors, convulsions, salivation, diarrhea, lethargy, coma or other atypical behavior or appearance, were recorded as they occurred and included a time of onset, degree, and duration.


[0145] 2. Physical Examinations Prior to randomization, prior to initial treatment, and prior to sacrifice.


[0146] 3. Body Weights Prior to randomization, prior to initial treatment, and prior to sacrifice.


[0147] Clinical Pathology


[0148] 1. Frequency Prior to necropsy.


[0149] 2. Number of animals All surviving animals.


[0150] 3. Bleeding Procedure Blood was obtained by puncture of the orbital sinus while under 70% CO2/30% O2 anesthesia.


[0151] 4. Collection of Blood Samples Approximately 0.5 mL of blood was collected into EDTA tubes for evaluation of hematology parameters.


[0152]  Approximately 1 mL of blood was collected into serum separator tubes for clinical chemistry analysis.


[0153]  Approximately 200 uL of plasma was obtained and frozen at ˜−80° C. for test compound/metabolite estimation.


[0154] An additional 2 mL of blood was collected into a 15 mL conical polypropylene vial to which ˜3 mL of Trizol was immediately added. The contents were immediately mixed with a vortex and by repeated inversion. The tubes were frozen in liquid nitrogen and stored at ˜−80° C.


[0155] Termination Procedures


[0156] Terminal Sacrifice


[0157] Approximately 1 and 3 and 6 and 24 and 48 hours and 5-7 days after the initial dose, rats were weighed, physically examined, sacrificed by decapitation, and exsanguinated. The animals were necropsied within approximately five minutes of sacrifice. Separate sterile, disposable instruments were used for each animal, with the exception of bone cutters, which were used to open the skull cap. The bone cutters were dipped in disinfectant solution between animals.


[0158] Necropsies were conducted on each animal following procedures approved by board-certified pathologists.


[0159] Animals not surviving until terminal sacrifice were discarded without necropsy (following euthanasia by carbon dioxide asphyxiation, if moribund). The approximate time of death for moribund or found dead animals was recorded.


[0160] Postmortem Procedures


[0161] Fresh and sterile disposable instruments were used to collect tissues. Gloves were worn at all times when handling tissues or vials. All tissues were collected and frozen within approximately 5 minutes of the animal's death. The liver sections and kidneys were frozen within approximately 3-5 minutes of the animal's death. The time of euthanasia, an interim time point at freezing of liver sections and kidneys, and time at completion of necropsy were recorded. Tissues were stored at approximately −80° C. or preserved in 10% neutral buffered formalin.


[0162] Tissue Collection and Processing


[0163] Liver


[0164] 1. Right medial lobe—snap frozen in liquid nitrogen and stored at −80° C.


[0165] 2. Left medial lobe—Preserved in 10% neutral-buffered formalin (NBF) and evaluated for gross and microscopic pathology.


[0166] 3. Left lateral lobe—snap frozen in liquid nitrogen and stored at ˜−80° C.


[0167] Heart


[0168] A sagittal cross-section containing portions of the two atria and of the two ventricles was preserved in 10% NBF. The remaining heart was frozen in liquid nitrogen and stored at ˜−80° C.


[0169] Kidneys (both)


[0170] 1. Left—Hemi-dissected; half was preserved in 10% NBF and the remaining half was frozen in liquid nitrogen and stored at −80° C.


[0171] 2. Right—Hemi-dissected; half was preserved in 10% NBF and the remaining half was frozen in liquid nitrogen and stored at ˜−80° C.


[0172] Testes (Both)


[0173] A sagittal cross-section of each testis was preserved in 10% NBF. The remaining testes were frozen together in liquid nitrogen and stored at ˜−80° C.


[0174] Brain (Whole)


[0175] A cross-section of the cerebral hemispheres and of the diencephalon was preserved in 10% NBF, and the rest of the brain was frozen in liquid nitrogen and stored at ˜−80° C.


[0176] Microarray sample preparation was conducted with minor modifications, following the protocols set forth in the Affymetrix GeneChip Expression Analysis Manual. Frozen tissue was ground to a powder using a Spex Certiprep 6800 Freezer Mill. Total RNA was extracted with Trizol (GibcoBRL) utilizing the manufacturer's protocol. The total RNA yield for each sample was 200-500 μg per 300 mg tissue weight. mRNA was isolated using the Oligotex mRNA Midi kit (Qiagen) followed by ethanol precipitation. Double stranded cDNA was generated from mRNA using the SuperScript Choice system (GibcoBRL). First strand cDNA synthesis was primed with a T7-(dT24) oligonucleotide. The CDNA was phenol-chloroform extracted and ethanol precipitated to a final concentration of 1 μg/ml. From 2 μg of cDNA, cRNA was synthesized using Ambion's T7 MegaScript in vitro Transcription Kit.


[0177] To biotin label the cRNA, nucleotides Bio-11-CTP and Bio-16-UTP (Enzo Diagnostics) were added to the reaction. Following a 37° C. incubation for six hours, impurities were removed from the labeled cRNA following the RNeasy Mini kit protocol (Qiagen). cRNA was fragmented (fragmentation buffer consisting of 200 mM Tris-acetate, pH 8.1, 500 mM KOAc, 150 mM MgOAc) for thirty-five minutes at 94° C. Following the Affymetrix protocol, 55 μg of fragmented cRNA was hybridized on the Affymetrix rat array set for twenty-four hours at 60 rpm in a 45° C. hybridization oven. The chips were washed and stained with Streptavidin Phycoerythrin (SAPE) (Molecular Probes) in Affymetrix fluidics stations. To amplify staining, SAPE solution was added twice with an anti-streptavidin biotinylated antibody (Vector Laboratories) staining step in between. Hybridization to the probe arrays was detected by fluorometric scanning (Hewlett Packard Gene Array Scanner). Data was analyzed using Affymetrix GeneChip version 3.0 and Expression Data Mining (EDMT) software (version 1.0), GeneExpress2000, and S-Plus.


[0178] Table 1 discloses those genes that are differentially expressed upon exposure to the named toxins and their corresponding GenBank Accession and Sequence Identification numbers, the identities of the metabolic pathways in which the genes function, the gene names if known, and the unigene cluster titles. The comparison code represents the various toxicity or liver pathology state that each gene is able to discriminate as well as the individual toxin type associated with each gene. The codes are defined in Table 2. The GLGC ID is the internal Gene Logic identification number.


[0179] Table 2 defines the comparison codes used in Table 1 .


[0180] Tables 3A-3S disclose the summary statistics for each of the comparisons performed. Each gene is identified by its Gene Logic identification number and can be cross-referenced to a gene name and representative SEQ ID NO. in Table 1. The group mean (eg. toxicity group) is the mean signal intensity as normalized for the various chip parameters in the samples that are being assayed for in the particular comparison. The non-group (eg. non-toxicity group) mean represents the mean signal intensity as normalized for the various chip parameters in the samples that are not being assayed for in the particular comparison. The mean values are derived from Average Difference (AveDiff) values for a particular gene, averaged across the corresponding samples. Each individual Average Difference value is calculated by integrating the intensity information from multiple probe pairs that are tiled for a particular fragment. The normalization algorithm used to calculate the AveDiff is based on the observation that the expression intensity values from a single chip experiment have different distributions, depending on whether small or large expression values are considered. Small values, which are assumed to be mostly noise, are approximately normally distributed with mean zero, while larger values roughly obey a log-normal distribution; that is, their logarithms are normally distributed with some nonzero mean.


[0181] The normalization process computes separate scale factors for “non-expressors” (small values) and “expressors” (large ones). The inputs to the algorithm are pre-normalized Average Difference values, which are already scaled to set the trimmed mean equal to 100. The algorithm computes the standard deviation SD noise of the negative values, which are assumed to come from non-expressors. It then multiplies all negative values, as well as all positive values less than 2.0* SD noise, by a scale factor proportional to 1/SD noise.


[0182] Values greater than 2.0* SD noise are assumed to come from expressors. For these values, the standard deviation SD log (signal) of the logarithms is calculated. The logarithms are then multiplied by a scale factor proportional to 1/SD log (signal) and exponentiated. The resulting values are then multiplied by another scale factor, chosen so there will be no discontinuity in the normalized values from unscaled values on either side of 2.0* SD noise. Some AveDiff values may be negative due to the general noise involved in nucleic acid hybridization experiments. Although many conclusions can be made corresponding to a negative value on the GeneChip platform, it is difficult to assess the meaning behind the negative value for individual fragments. Our observations show that, although negative values are observed at times within the predictive gene set, these values reflect a real biological phenomenon that is highly reproducible across all the samples from which the measurement was taken. For this reason, those genes that exhibit a negative value are included in the predictive set. It should be noted that other platforms of gene expression measurement may be able to resolve the negative numbers for the corresponding genes. The predictive ability of each of those genes should extend across platforms, however. Each mean value is accompanied by the standard deviation for the mean. LDA is the linear discriminant analysis that measures the ability of each gene to predict whether or not a sample is toxic. The LDA score is calculated by the following steps:


[0183] Calculation of a Discriminant Score.


[0184] Let X1 represent the AveDiff values for a given gene across the Group 1 samples, i=1 . . . n.


[0185] Let Y1 represent the AveDiff values for a given gene across the Group 2 samples, i=1 . . . t.


[0186] The calculations proceed as follows:


[0187] 1. Calculate mean and standard deviation for Xi's and Yi's, and denote these by mX, mY, sX,sY.


[0188] 2. For all X1's and Yi's, evaluate the function f(z)=((1/sY)*exp(−0.5*((z-mY)/sY)2))/(((1/sY)*exp(−0.5*((z-mY)/sY)2))+((1/sX)*exp(−0.5*((z-mX)/sX)2))).


[0189] 3. The number of correct predictions, say P, is then the number of Yi's such that f(Yi)>0.5 plus the number of Xi's such that f(Xi)<0.5.


[0190] 4. The discriminant score is then P/(n+t)


[0191] Linear discriminant analysis uses both the individual measurements of each gene and the calculated measurements of all combinations of genes to classify samples. For each gene a weight is derived from the mean and standard deviation of the tox and nontox groups. Every gene is multiplied by a weight and the sum of these values results in a collective discriminate score. This discriminant score is then compared against collective centroids of the tox and nontox groups. These centroids are the average of all tox and nontox samples respectively. Therefore, each gene contributes to the overall prediction. This contribution is dependent on weights that are large positive or negative numbers if the relative distances between the tox and nontox samples for that gene are large and small numbers if the relative distances are small. The discriminant score for each unknown sample and centroid values can be used to calculate a probability between zero and one as to which group the unknown sample belongs.



Example 2


General Toxicity Modeling

[0192] Samples were selected for grouping into tox-responding and non-tox-responding groups by examining each study individually with PCA to determine which treatments had an observable response. Only groups where confidence of their tox-responding and non-tox-responding status was established were included in building a general tox model.


[0193] Two general types of models were built for general toxicity determination. One model used information from the expression patterns of each gene individually and then combined all the information using linear weights for each gene. The second type determined orthogonal vectors describing all the expression information collectively and used these composite vectors to predict toxicity.


[0194] Over 500 linear discriminant models were generated to describe toxic and non-toxic samples. The top 10, 25, 50 and 100 discriminant genes were used to determine toxicity by calculating each gene's contribution with homo and heteroscedastic treatment of variance and inclusion or exclusion of mutual information between genes. Prediction of samples within the database exceeded 90% for most models. In addition, models were built by sequential use of two, five, ten, twenty five, and fifty genes, starting with the best discriminators and proceeding to the worst discriminators without replication. All discriminating genes and/or ESTs had at least 70% discriminate ability, which was previously determined to be significant via randomization experiments. It was determined that combinations of genes generally provided a better predictive ability then individual genes and that the more genes used the better predictive ability. It was also determined that combining the worst fifty discriminating genes provided better prediction than the best single gene and that many combinations of two or more genes provided better prediction than the best individual gene. Although the preferred embodiment includes fifty or more genes, many pairings or greater combinations of genes can work better than individual genes. All combinations of two or more genes from the selected list may be used to predict toxicity. These combinations could be selected by pairing in an ordered, agglomerate, divisive, or random approach. Further, as yet undetermined genes could be combined with individual or combination of genes described here to increase predictive ability. However, the genes described here may contribute most of the predictive ability of any such undetermined combinations.


[0195] The second approach used has been described in U.S. Provisional Application 60/______, using this approach all 527 genes and/or EST were used to predict toxic from non-toxic samples with greater than 94% accuracy when 15 components are used. Although using the first fifteen components provided a preferred model, other variations of this method can provide adequate predictive ability. These include selective inclusion of components via agglomerate, divisive, or random approaches or extraction of loading and combining them in ordered, agglomerate, divisive, or random approaches. Also the use of these composite variables in logistic regression to determine classification of samples can also be accomplished with linear discriminate analysis, neural or Bayesian networks, or other forms of regression and classification based on categorical or continual dependent and independent variables.



Example 3


Modeling Methods

[0196] The above modeling methods provide broad approaches of combining the expression of genes to predict sample toxicity. One method uses each variable individually and weights them; the other combines variables as a composite measure and adds weights to them after combination into a new variable. One could also provide no weight in a simple voting method or determine weights in a supervised or unsupervised method using agglomerate, divisive, or random approaches. All or selected combinations of genes may be combined in ordered, agglomerate, or divisive, supervised or unsupervised clustering algorithms with unknown samples for classification. Any form of correlation matrix may also be used to classify unknown samples. The spread of the group distribution and discriminate score alone provide enough information to enable a skilled person to generate all of the above types of models with accuracy that can exceed discriminate ability of individual genes. Some examples of methods that could be used individually or in combination after transformation of data types include but are not limited to: Discriminant Analysis, Multiple Discriminant Analysis, logistic regression, multiple regression analysis, linear regression analysis, conjoint analysis, canonical correlation, hierarchical cluster analysis, k-means cluster analysis, self-organizing maps, multidimensional scaling, structural equation modeling, support vector machine determined boundaries, factor analysis, neural networks, bayesian classifications, and resampling methods.



Example 4


Grouping of Individual compound and Pathology Classes

[0197] Samples were grouped into individual pathology classes based on known toxicological responses and observed clinical chemical and pathology measurements or into early and late phases of observable toxicity within a compound (Tables 3A-3S). The top 10, 25, 50, 100 genes based on individual discriminate scores were used in a model to ensure that combination of genes provided a better prediction than individual genes. As described above, all combinations of two or more genes from this list could potentially provide better prediction than individual genes when selected in any order or by ordered, agglomerate, divisive, or random approaches. In addition, combining these genes with other genes could provide better predictive ability, but most of this predictive ability would come from the genes listed here.


[0198] Samples may be considered toxic if they score positive in any pathological or individual compound class represented here or in any modeling method mentioned under general toxicology models based on combination of individual time and dose grouping of individual toxic compounds obtainable from the data. The pathological groupings and early and late phase models are preferred examples of all obtainable combinations of sample time and dose points. Most logical groupings with one or more genes and one or more sample dose and time points should produce better predictions of general toxicity, pathological specific toxicity, or similarity to known toxicant than individual genes.


[0199] Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to examples above, it is understood that various modifications can be made without departing from the spirit of the invention. Accordingly, the invention is limited only by the following claims. All cited patents, patent applications and publications referred to in this application are herein incorporated by reference in their entirety.
1TABLE 1Document Number 1650775Nucleo-tideCompar-Se-GLGCisonquenceGenBankIDCodeIDAcc IDPathwaysKnown Gene NameUnigene Cluster Title19N1729NM_017258B-cell translocation gene 1,B-cell translocation gene 1, anti-anti-proliferativeproliferative20L, N1729NM_017258B-cell translocation gene 1,B-cell translocation gene 1, anti-anti-proliferativeprolifeative43E, P1698NM_022287GlycosaminoglycanHMm: alpha L-iduronidaseRattus norvegicus sulfate aniondegradationtransporter (sat-1) mRNA, completecds55O1535NM_012511OxidativeATPase, Cu++ transporting,ATPase, Cu++ transporting, betaphosphorylationbeta polypeptide (same aspolypeptide (same as Wilson disease)Wilson disease)64H1620NM_016991Adrenergic, alpha 1B-, receptorAdrenergic, alpha 1B-, receptor72F1420M57263Hsp: PROTEIN-GLUTAMINERat protein-glutamine gamma-GAMMA-glutamyltransferase mRNA, completeGLUTAMYL-cdsTRANSFERASE K90E1454U20796Rattus norvegicus nuclear receptorRev-ErbA-beta mRNA, partial cds134A1346D87839Alanine and aspartateHHs: 4-aminobutyrateRattus norvegicus mRNA for beta-metabolism, Butanoateaminotransferasealanine oxogultarate aminotrans-metabolism, Glutamateferase, complete cdsmetabolism, Propanoatemetabolism, beta-Alaninemetabolism135A1346D87839Alanine and aspartateHHs: 4-aminobutyrateRattus norvegicus mRNA for beta-metabolism, Butanoateaminotransferasealanine oxoglutarate aminotrans-metabolism, Glutamateferase, complete cdsmetabolism, Propanoatemetabolism, beta-Alaninemetabolism155P, Q1712NM_022849crp-ductinRattus norvegicus ebnerin mRNA,complete cds155P1712NM_022849crp-ductinRattus norvegicus ebnerin mRNA,compelete cds164H538AI010480Citrate cycle (TCA cycle),Malate dehydrogenase 2 NADRat mRNA for mitochondrial malateGlyoxylate and(mitochondrial)dehydrogenase (EC 1.1.1.37)dicarboxylate metabolismPyruvate metabolism228D1452U20194Rattus norvegicus complementC8 beta (C8b) mRNA, partial cds291O1538NM_012522Glycine, serine andCystathionine beta synthaseCystathionine beta synthasethreonine metabolism,Methionine metabolism,Selenoamino acidmetabolism330R1251AI235460Rattus norvegicus synapse-associatedprotein 102 mRNA, complete cds347J1443U01914Rattus norvegicus AKAP95 mRNA,partial cds351A1720NM_024127HHs: growth arrest and DNA-Rattus norvegicus GADD45 mNRA,damage-inducible, alphacomplete cds352A, J1720NM_024127HHs: growth arrest and DNA-Rattus norvegicus GADD45 mRNA,damage-inducible, alphacomplete cds353A, B, C, J1720NM_024127HHs: growth arrest and DNA-Rattus norvegicus GADD45 mRNA,damage-inducible, alphacomplete cds354A, J, Q1720NM_024127HHs: growth arrest amd DNA-Rattus norvegicus GADD45 mRNA,damage-inducible, alphacomplete cds355N1600NM_013086CAMP responsive elementCAMP responsive element modulatormodulator, transcriptionalrepressor CREM356N1658NM_017334CAMP responsive elementCAMP responsive element modulatormodular360R1728NM_012894RNA editing deaminase ofRNA editing deaminase of glutamateglutamate receptorsreceptors372F, M1482U94708Rattus norvegicus prostaglandin Ereceptor EP2 subtype mRNA,complete cds373P1578NM_012833Canalicular multispecificCanalicular mustispecific organicorganic anion transporteranion transporter384O1457U25137Rattus norvegicus alternativelyspliced signal transducer an regulatorof transcription 5a2 (STAT5a2)mRNA, partial cds396M1464U49694Hsp: CYTOSOLIC ACYLRattus norvegicus brain cytosolic acylCOENZYME Acoenzyme A thioester hydrolaseTHIOESTER HYDROLASEmRNA, complete cds397S1614NM_013214acyl-CoA hydrolaseRattus norvegicus brain cytosolic acylcoenzyme A thioester hydrolasemRNA complete cds, acyl-CoAhydrolase402N1734NM_022403Tryptophan metabolismHHs: tryptophan 2,Rat tryptophan-2, 3-dioxygenase3-dioxygenasemRNA complete cds466L1517X81395Hsp: LIVER CARBOXYL-R. norvegicus mRNA for plESTERASE 3 PRECURSOR5.5 esterase (ES-3)475F1224AI233828ESTs, Moderately similar toLYSOMOMAL ALPHA-MANNOSIDASE PRECURSOR[M. musculus]488F1350E00717Fatty acid metabolism,Cytochrome P450, subfamily ICytochrome P450, subfamily ITryptophan metabolism(aromatic compound-inducible),(aromatic compund-inducible),member A1 (C6, form c)member A1 (C6, form c)489F1540NM_012540Fatty acid metabolism,Cytochrome P450, Subfamily ICytochrome P450, subfamily ITryptophan metabolism(aromatic compound-inducible),(aromatic compund-inducible),member A1 (C6, form c)member A1 (C6, form c)494G1581NM-012880Superoxide dimutase 3Superoxide dimutase 3498C402AA956278ESTs556A, E1575NM_012803Protein CProtein C563M1536NM_012516Complement component 4Complement component 4 bindingbinding protein, alphaprotein, alpha573A1169AI232087R. norvegicus mRNA for(S)-2-hydroxy acid oxidase574H, I1682NM_019905calpactin I heavy chainR. norvegicus mRNa for(S)-2-hydroxy acid oxidase,Rattus norvegicus cloneBB. 1. 4. 1 unknown Glu-Prodipeptide repeat protein mRNA,complete cds, calpactin I heavy chain633A, G1146AI231127ESTs634P1381K01932Glutathione metabolismHsp: GLUTATHIONE S-Rat liver glutathione S-transferase YcTRANSFERASE YC-1subunit mRNA, complete cds635P1515X78848Rat liver glutathione S-transferase Ycsubunit mRNA, complete cds650J1607NM_013134Sterol biosynthesis3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-Coenzyme A reductaseCoenzyme A reductase651J1607NM_013134Sterol biosynthesis3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-Coenzyme A reductaseCoenzyme A reductase671B1445U04808Rattus norvegicus Sprague-Dawleyputative G-protein coupled receptor(GCR) mRNA, complete cds672O1492X13722Low density lipoprotein receptorRat mRNA for LDL-receptor682P1627NM_017051Superoxide dimutase 2,Superoxide dimutase 2, mitochondrialmitochondrial699M, P1465U55765Rattus norvegicus RASP1-mRNA,complete cds729O1429M95762Rattus norvegicus GABA transporterGAT-2 mRNA, complete cds761A41AA817685Rattus norvegicus mRNA forcytochrome b5794A, D,1472U68168Tryptophan metabolismHHs: kynureninaseRattus norvegicus L-kynurenineE, G(L-kynurenine) hydrolase)hydrolase mRNA, compled cds809J1451U17035Rattus norvegicus interferoninducible protein 10 (IP-10) mRNA,complete cds811A1342D63704Pantothenate and CoAHHs: dihydropyrimidinaseRat mRNA for dihydrophyrimidinase,biosynthesis, Pyrimidinecomplete cdsmetabolism, beta-Alaninemetabolism812A1342D63704Pantothenate and CoAHHs: dihydropydropyrimidinaseEST, Highly similar to DPYS_RATbiosynthesis, PyrimidineDIHYDROPYRIMIDINASEmetabolism, beta-Alanine[R. norvegicus], Rat mRNA formetabolismdihydropyrimidinase, complete cds820E238AA892395Fructose and mannoseAldolase B, fructose-Aldolase B, fructose-biophosphatemetabolism, Glycolysis/biophosphateGluconeogenesis, Pentosephosphate cycle825A381AA946108Rattus norvegicus laminin-5 alpha 3chain mRNA, complete cds851A1721NM_024132fatty acid amide hydrolaseRattus norvegicus fatty acid amidehydrolase mRNA. complete cds906K1480U83112Rattus norvegicus INS-1 wingedhelix mRNA, complete cds912A1467U59184BcI2-associated X proteinBcI2-asspciated X protein923A, J1632NM_017076Tumor-associated glycoprotein Tumor-associated glycoprotein pE4945P1349D88666pE4Rattus norvegicus mRNA for PS-PLA1,complete cds955M1471U67138Rattus norvegicus PSD-95/SAP90-associated protein-2 mRNA, completecds958I, Q1591NM_012977Lectin, galactose binding,Lectin, galactose binding, soluble 9soluble 9 (Galectin-9)(Galectin-9)961A1573NM_012796Glutathione metabolismGlutathione S-transferase 1Glutathione S-transferase 1 (theta)(theta)1007A1589NM_012942Bile acid biosynthesisCytochrom P450 (cholesterolCytochrom P450 (cholesterolhydroxylase 7 alpha)hydroxylase 7 alpha)1037I1500X57523Transporter 1, ABC (ATPR. norvegicus mtp 1 mRNAbinding cassette)1099A1678NM_019303Cytochrome P450,Cytochrome P450, subfamily IIF,subfamily IIF, polypeptide 1polypeptide 11114N586AI029917Rattus norvegicus neuron-specificenolase (NSF) mRNA, complete cds1126A, I1143AI231007Rattus norvegicus cca1 mRNA,complete cds1141E, Q1505X59601Rat mRNA for plectin1169E, H1008A1177161Rattus norvegicus NF-E2-related factor2 mNRA, complete cds1173A1661NM_019184Fatty acid metabolism,Cytochrome P450,Cytochrome P450, subfamily IICsubfamily IICTryptophan metabolism(mephenytoin 4-hydroxylase)(mephenytoin 4-hydroxylase)1174N1661NM_019184Fatty acid metabolism,Cytochrome P450,Cytochrome P450, subfamily IICTryptophan metabolismsubfamily IIC (mephenytoin(mephenytoin 4-hydroxylase)4-hydroxylase)1175A, E, M1661NM_019184Fatty acid metabolism,Cytochrome P450,Cytochrome P450, subfamily IICTryptophan metabolismsubfamily IIC (mephenytoin(mephenytoin 4-hydroxylase)4-hydroxylase)1183J485AF013144Hsp: DUAL SPECIFICITYRattus norvegicus MAP-kinasePROTEIN PHOSPHATASE 5phosplatase (cpg21) mRNA, completecds1221B, F, Q1326D11445Rattus norvegicus mRNA for gro,complete cds1223E1423M75281Rat cystatain S (CysS) gene, completecds1246A1569NM_012770Purine metabolismGuanylate cyclase, soluble, betaGuanylate cyclase, soluble, beta 2 (GTP2 (GTP pyrophosphate-lyase)pyrophosphate-lyase)1258I1611NM_013185Hemopoietic cell tyrosine kinaseHemopoietic cell tyrosine kinase1271Q1384L07073Rat clathrin-associated adaptor proteinhomolog (p47A) mRNA, complete cds1279F1477U75916Rattus norvegicus zonula occludens 2protein (ZO-2) mRNA, partial cds1305J1636NM_017127Glycerolipid metabolismcholine kinasecholine kinase1306J1636NM_017127Glycerolipid metabolismcholine kinasecholine kinase1394G1461U37099Rattus norvegicus GTP-binding protein(rab 3C) mRNA, complete cds1399C, D, G1623NM_017006Glutathione metabolism,Glucose-6-phosphateGluscose-6-phosphate dehydrogenasePentose phosphate cycledehydrogenase1409A560AI012802Pyruvate metabolismHHs: hydroxyacyl gluathioneRattus norvegicus round spermatidhydrolaseprotein RSP29 gene, complete cds1411C, D920AI172075ESTs1426Q1528Z48225R. norvegicus mRNA for proteinsynthesis initiation factor eIF-2B deltasubunit1430M1542NM_012545Histidine metabolism,Dopa decarboxylase (aromaticDopa decarboxylase (aromatic L-aminoPhenylalanine metabolism,L-amino acid decarboxylase)acid decarboxylase)Tryptophan metabolism,Tyrosine metabolism1447F1651NM_017281proteasome (prosome,proteasome (prosome, macropain)macropain) subunit, alpha type 4subunit, alpha type 41460C, D1439S76054Keratin 8Keratin 81475J1386L16764Heat shock protein 70-1, S100Rattus norvegicus S100A1 gene, Rattuscalcium binding protein A1norvegicus heat shock protein 70(HSP70) mNRA, complete cds1478A1566NM_012744Alanine and aspartatePyruvate carboxylasePyruvate carboxylasemetabolism, Citrate cycle(TCA cycle), Pyruvatemetabolism1479A, G, K1566NM_012744Alanine and aspartatePyruvate carboxylasePyruvate carboxylasemetabolism, Citrate cycle(TCA cycle), Pyruvatemetabolism1501A, C, F, H690AI072634Rattus norvegicus cytokeratin-18mRNA, partial cds1507B, Q1105AI229235ESTs1510Q1646NM_017224organic cationic transporter-organic cationic transporter-like 1like 11514B1559NM_012678Tropomycin 4Tropomycin 41520H1659NM_019165interleukin 18interleukin 181521B, Q1601NM_013091Tumor necrosis factor receptorTumor necrosis factor receptor1529A, G1599NM_013082Ryudocan/syndec 2Ryudocan/syndec 21531A1655NM_017300Bile acid biosynthesis,bile acid-Coenzyme Abile acid-Coenzyme A dehydrogenase:Taurine and hypotaurinedehydrogenase: amino acidamino n-acyltransferasemetabolismn-acyltransferase1538E493AF039890Leucine arylaminopeptidase 1Rat kidney Zn-peptidase amino-peptidase N mRNA, complete cds1542G, H1643NM_017193kynurenine aminotransferase IIkynuremine aminotransferase II1551K1633NM_017084Glycine, serine andGlycine methyltransferaseGlycine methyltransferasethreonine metabolism1554I625AI045440Sialophorin (gpL115,Sialoporin (gpL115, leukosianin,leukosianin, CD43)CD43)1561A, M, O1621NM_016995Complement componentComplement component 4 binding4 binding protein, betaprotein, beta1562F, G267AA893552Rattus norvegicus kallistatin mRNA,complete cds1571I1446U05014Rattus norvegicus Sprague/DawleyPHAS-I mRNA, complete cds1572Q1046AI178828Rattus norvegicus Sprague/DawleyPHAS-I mRNA, complete cds1579R1512X73411Rat small nuclear ribonucleoparticle-associated protein (snRNP) mRNA,complete cds, clone Sm511583A1448U07201Alanine and aspartateAsparagine synthetaseAsparagine synthetasemetabolism, Nitrogenmetabolism1598C, J1722NM_024134DNA-damage inducibleRattus norvegicus GADD153 mNRA,transcript 3complete cds1610C1703NM_022509Rattus norvegicus survivalmotor neuron (smn), RNA,complete cds1625I1588NM_012924Cell surface glycoprotein CD44Cell surface glycoprotein CD44(hyaluronate binding protein)(hyaluronate binding protein)1641E1354E03428Peptidylglycine alpha-amidatingPeptidylglycin alpha-amidatingmonooxygenasemomooxygenase1644G208AA891068Peptidylglycine alpha-amidatingPeptidylglycine alpha-amidatingmonooxygenasemonooxygenase1653G1222AI233806Peptidylglycine alpha-amidatingPeptidylglycine alpha-amidatingmonooxygenasemonooxygenase1661B, E1459U26397Inositol phosphateHHs: inositol polyphosphate-4-Rattus norvegicus inositolmetabolismphosphatase, type I, 107kDpolyphosphate 4-phosphatasemRNA, complete cds1690A, E46AA817829ESTs, Highly similar to MEK bindingpartner 1 [M. musculus]1700P1486X03369tubulin, beta 2ESTs, Highly similar to TBB1_RATTUBULIN BETA CHAIN[R. norvegicus], Rat mRNA for beta-tubulin T beta 151727C, J482AF001417Rattus norvegicus zinc finger proteinmRNA, complete cds1728E, S1332D16479Bile acid biosynthesis,HHs:hydroxyacyl-Coenzyme ARat mRNA for mitochondrialFatty acid biosynthesisdehydrogenase/3-ketoacyl-long-chain 3 ketoacyl-CoA thiolase(path 2), Fatty acidCoenzyme A thiolase/enoyl-beta-subunit of mitochondrialmetabolism,Coenzyme A hydratasetrifunctional protein, complete ddsPhenylalanine(trifunctional protein),metabolism,beta subunitValine, leucine andisoleucine degradation1749K1657NM_017327GTP-binding proteinGTP-binding protein1753A1462U39208Prostaglandin andHHs:cytochrome P450,Rattus norvegicus cytochrome P450 4F6leukotriene metabolismsubfamily IVF, polypeptide 2(CYP4F6) mRNA, complete cds1777P1586NM_012918Calcium channel alpha 1ACalcium channel alpha 1A1795B, K, Q1392L24207Cytochrome P450,Cytochrome P450, subfamily IIIA,subfamily IIA, polypeptide 3polypeptide 31796B, K1392L24207Cytochrome P450,Cytochrome P450, subfamily IIIA,subfamily IIA, polypeptide 3polypeptide 31802H47AA817841ESTs1805N508AI007824Rattus rattus guanine nucleotide-releasing protein (mss4) mRNA,complete cds1809F391AA946503Rat mRNA for alpha-2u globulin-related protein1841C, N1555NM_012637Protein-tyrosine phosphataseProtein-tyrosine phosphatase1843N, Q1555NM_012637Protein-tyrosine phosphataseProtein-tyrosine phosphatase1844A, N1555NM_012637Protein-tyrosine phosphataseESTs,Protein-tyrosine phosphatase1854M1382K02814K-kininogen, differentialK-kininogen, differential splicing leadssplicing leads to HMW Kngk,to HMW Kngk,T-kininogenT-kininogen1858S1524Y09333acyl-CoA thioesterase 1,R. norvegicus mRNA for mitochondrialcytosolicvery-long-chain acyl-CoAthioesterase, Rattus norvegicus mRNAfor acyl-CoA hydrolase, complete cds1877A1513X74593Fructose and mannoseSorbitol dehydrogenaseSorbitol dehydrogenasemetabolism1884L1340D50695Rattus norvegicus mRNA forproteasomal ATPase (tat-bindingprotein7), complete cds1893P1495X51529Glycerolipid metabolism,phospholipase A2, group IIA Rattus norvegicus mRNA forPhospholipid degradation,(platelets, synovial fluid)phospholipase A2 precursor, completeProstaglandin andcdsleukotriene metabolism1900A, B, L48AA817849ESTs1901L48AA817849ESTs1903L1013AI177377ESTs1919H815AI137856P450 (cytochrome)Rat NADPH-cytochrome P-450oxidoreductaseoxidoreductase mRNA, complete cds1920H1397M10068P450 (cytochrome)Rat NADPH-cytochrome P-450oxidoreductaseoxidoreductase mRNA, complete cds1921H1351E01524P450 (cytochrome)Rat NADPH-cytochrome P-450oxidoreductaseoxidoreductase mRNA, complete cds1929A1449U10357Hsp:[PYRUVATERattus norvegicus pyruvateDEHYDROGENASE(LIPO-dehydrogenase kinase 2 subunit p45AMIDE)] KINASE(PDK2) mRNA, complete cdsISOZYME 2, MITO-CHONDRIAL PRECURSOR1930L410AA957202Rattus norvegicus pyruvatedehydrogenase kinase 2 subunit p45(PDK2) mRNA, complete cds1957K1628NM_017060Hras-revertant gene 107Hras-revertant gene 1071995N492AF038870Glycine, serine andHMm:betaine-homocysteineRattus norvegicus betaine homocysteinethreonine metabolism,methyltransferasemethyltransferase (BHMT) mRNA,Methionine metabolismcomplete cds2006E1716NM_022936R. norvegicus mRNA for cytosolicexpoxide hydrolase2011P1610NM_013173Solute carrier family 11Solute carrier family 11 member 2member 2 (natural resistance-(natural resistance-associatedassociated macrophagemacrophage protein 2)protein 2)2012P1610NM_013173Solute carrier family 11Solute carrier family 11 member 2member 2 (natural resistance-(natural resistance-associatedassociated macrophagemacrophage protein 2)protein 2)2013P1610NM_013173Solute carrier family 11Solute carrier family 11 member 2member 2 (natural resistance-(natural resistance-associatedassociated macrophagemacrophage protein 2)protein 2)2042Q, R721AI101921ESTs2043E, H1125AI230171ESTs2049J417AA963369ESTs2051S418AA963372ESTs2065I1084AI227769ESTs2101R565AI013667ESTs2111A750AI103550Rattus norvegicus CDK102 mRNA2113S423AA964275ESTs, Weakly similar to AF077030_1hypothetical 43.2 kDa protein[H. sapiens]2117R324AA925961Rattus norvegicus Na—K—Clcotransporter (Nkcc1) mRNA, completecds2153E1475U75404ESTs2154R1223AI233818ESTs2164A781AI111413ESTs2190S420AA964004ESTs2196A776AI105243ESTs2216R912AI171745ESTs2264A821AI144741ESTs2280H421AA964139EST2292E714AI101362ESTs2310M587AI029969ESTs2326L432AA964892ESTs, Highly similar toCA14_MOUSE COLLAGENALPHA 1(IV) CHAIN PRECURSOR[M. musculus]2335A424AA964302ESTs2339E1162AI231798ESTs2342E425AA964336EST2350D426AA964368ESTs, Highly similar to TGT_HUMANQUEUINE TRNA-RIBOSYLTRANSFERASE[H. sapiens]2354L454AA997763ESTs, Highly similar to hypotheticalprotein [H. sapiens]2359N998AI177029ESTs, Highly similar to JU0227protein-tyrosine kinase[M. musculus]2368N504AF095741Rattus norvegicus MG87 mRNA,complete cds2372A, L1130AI230373ESTs2373O428AA964455ESTs2383A, E429AA964514ESTs2457S431AA964752EST2484A, O761AI104675ESTs2505A, G1549NM_012597GlycerolipidLipase, hepaticLipase, hepaticmetabolism2506E524AI009341ESTs2532A975AI176590ESTs2536A978AI176616ESTs2555B, C, Q1590NM_012967Intercellular adhesionIntercellular adhesion molecule 1molecule 12569A, C, 435AA965122ESTsF, K, R2576A226AA891884ESTs2587G1170AI232103ESTs2594L1241AI234843ESTs, Moderately similar to Similarityto Yeast LPG22P protein[C. elegans]2615C, J1109AI229318ESTs2628J1551NM_012603Avian myelocytomatosisAvian myelocytomatosis viral (v-myc)viral (v-myc) oncogene homologoncogene homolog2629J1551NM_012603Avian myelocytomatosisAvian myelocytomatosis viral (v-myc)viral (v-myc) oncogene homologoncogene homolog2655B, N, Q343AA943886Rattus norvegicus protein kinase SNK(Snk) mRNA, complete cds2667G1568NM_012766Tocopherol transfer proteinTocopherol transfer protein alphaalpha2691R434AA965075ESTs2696A1737NM_022515R. norvegicus (Sprague Dawley) mRNAfor ribosomal protein L242727H252AA892918ESTs2736Q1537NM_012519Ca++/calmodulin-dependentCa++/calmodulin-dependent proteinprotein kinase II, delta subunitkinase II, delta subunit2744I1347D87991ESTs, Highly similar to UGTrel1[M. musculus]2757L456AA997851ESTs2762A350AA944165ESTs, Highly similar to C10[M. musculus]2763E1173AI232269ESTs2781I50AA817925ESTs2788J939AI175513Rattus norvegicus mRNA for phoceinprotein2799A568AI013778ESTs2801F1345D85435Rattus norvegicus mRNA for proteinkinase C delta-bindig protein, completecds2802F1345D85435Rattus norvegicus mRNA for proteinkinase C delta-bindig protein, completecds2803L437AA996451ESTs2813S365AA945052Butanoate metabolism,HMm:3-hydroxy-3-R.norvegicus mRNA for 3-hydroxy-3-Synthesis and degradationmethylglutarylmethylglutaryl CoA lyaseof ketone bodies, Valine,Coenzyme A lyaseleucine and isoleucinedegradation2818C, D, F1055AI179144ESTs2838D655AI070511ESTs, Highly similar to G7A[M. musculus]2853I1579NM_012838Cystatin betaCystatin beta2854I1579NM_012838Cystatin betaCystatin beta2868E1171AI232209ESTs2897C, D51AA818039ESTs2901A603AI043752ESTs2905A, B438AA996727ESTs2911A597AI030835ESTs2915R439AA996782ESTs2932R1204AI233288ESTs2933E1665NM_019204ESTs, Highly similar to beta-site APPcleaving enzyme [R. norvegicus]2938C440AA996883ESTs2993A971AI176492ESTs, Highly similar to AF188629713 1TGF-beta receptor binding protein[M. musculus]3023G885AI170795ESTs3062D468AA998857EST, Weakly similar to CBPB_RATCARBOXYPEPTIDASE BPRECURSOR [R. norvegicus]3073A, E, O1213AI233494ESTs3074A, E, O1213AI233494ESTs3075A, O1213AI233494ESTs3080H242AA892553HHs:signal transducer andRattus norvegicus signal transducer andactivator of transcription 1,activator of transcription 1 (Stat1)91kDmRNA, complete cds3091E1260AI236027ESTs3099S1113AI229680OxidativeHHs:NADH dehydrogenaseESTs, Highly similar tophosphorylation,(ubiquinone) Fe—S protein NADH:ubiquinone oxidoreductaseUbiquinone3 (30kD) (NADH-coenzymeNDUFS3 subunit [H. sapiens]biosynthesisQ reductase)3121A, B, E510AI008160ESTs, Moderately similar toAF151841_1 CGI-83 protein[H. sapiens]3131A256AA893032ESTs3138I1047AI178850ESTs3139J540AI010618ESTs3143E, H1180AI232408ESTs3145A444AA997237EST3175S447AA997414ESTs3189A448AA997438ESTs, Moderately similar to LDLreceptor member LR3 [M. musculus]3203C1624NM_017039Protein phosphatase 2Protein phosphatase 2 (formerly 2A),(formerly 2A), catalytic subunit,catalytic subunit, alpha isoformalpha isoform3207A449AA997466ESTs3219E767AI105065ESTs, Highly similar toPNAD_MOUSE PROTEINN-TERMINAL ASPARAGINEAMIDOHYDROLASE [M. musculus]3233L53AA818105ESTs, Moderately similar to Unknowngene product [H. sapiens]3250M455AA997765Rattus norvegicus fibrillin-1 mRNA,complete cds3253F1652NM_017282proteasome (prosome,proteasome (prosome, macropain)macropain) subunit, alpha type 5subunit, alpha type 53260S571AI013875ESTs3266L915AI171948ESTs3279S747AI103224ESTs, Weakly similar to putative short-chain dehydrogenase/reductase[R. norvegicus]3280C1083AI227699ESTs3292M, N1325D00753Rat mRNA for contrapsin-like proteaseinhibitor related protein (CPi-26)3365A, B518AI008919ESTs3381K254AA892993ESTs3418A, C, D936AI175475ESTs, Highly similar to NHPX_RATNHP2/RS6 FAMILY PROTEINYEL026W HOMOLOG [R. norvegicus]3430J1441S85184Cathepsin LCathepsin L3439S255AA893000ESTs, Highly similar to KIAA0564protein [H. sapiens]3452M, N452AA997721Rattus norvegicus orphan chemokinereceptor mRNA, complete cds3486H869AI170313ESTs3504A, B760AI104659Rattus norvegicus mRNA for R-RCD1,complete cds3510K963AI176423ETSs, Highly similar to ZO1_MOUSETIGHT JUNCTION PROTEIN ZO-1[M. musculus]3513S1639NM_017177Glycerolipid metabolismcholine/ethanolaminecholine/ethanolamine kinasekinase3549H, I1385L11319Rat signal peptidase mRNA, completecds3558S463AA998461EST3570O464AA998510ESTs, Weakly similar to RET1_RATRETINOL-BINDING PROTEIN I,CELLULAR [R. norvegicus]3587J1078AI180253ESTs3617N1259AI236021Rattus norvegicus gene forhepatocarcinogenesis-relatedtranscription factor (HTF), complete cds3626P950AI176031ESTs, Weakly similar to JC1450fibroblast growth factor receptor 4 - rat[R. norvegicus]3631S302AA924460ESTs, Highly similar to Opa-interactingprotein OIP2 [H. sapiens]3660B467AA998833ESTs3708M469AA999060EST3710B, Q470AA999064ESTs3713A, N791AI112571ESTs3720S471AA999138ESTs3722N457AA997979ESTs3730N460AA998234EST3743S1335D30666Rat mRNA for brain acyl-CoAsynthetase II, complete cds3749P461AA998276EST3776Q1679NM_019354Uncoupling protein 2,Uncoupling protein 2, mitochondrial3803L, R884AI170773mitochondrialRattus norvegicus 250 kDa estrous-specific protein mRNA, partial cds3816J1219AI233729ESTs, Highly similar toPSD5_HUMAN 26S PROTEASOMESUBUNIT S5B [H. sapiens]3822A288AA900863ESTs, Weakly similar to nuclear RNAhelicase [R. norvegicus]3823A1196AI233147ESTs, Weakly similar to nuclear RNAhelicase [R. norvegicus]3831C, J1525Y12635OxidativeHMm:ATPase, H+ transporting,R. norvegicus mRNA for vacuolarphosphorylationlysosomal (vacuolar protonadenosine triphosphatase subunit Bpump), beta 56/58 kDa,isoform 23846O658AI070895ESTs, Weakly similar to similar to acyl-CoA dehydrogenases and epoxidehydrolases [C. elegans]3849A567AI013745ESTs, Moderately similar to CGI-147protein [H. sapiens]3916A, F865AI169947ESTs3917B1194AI232970ESTs3929O270AA894233ESTs3934A544AI011510ESTs3959A292AA901338ESTs, Highly similar toIF2B_HUMANEUKARYOTIC TRANSLATIONINITIATION FACTOR 2 BETASUBUNIT [H. sapiens]3969A1001AI177055ESTs3972Q300AA924307ESTs3976E61AA818264ESTs, Weakly similar to similar toGTPase-activating proteins [H. sapiens]3981A554AI012235ESTs3995A545AI011678ESTs4017A63AA818287ESTs4026B, Q1225AI233835ESTs4048I139AA851814Rattus norvegicus osteoactivin mRNA,complete cds4049I784AI112012Rattus norvegicus osteoactivin mRNA,complete cds4082O624AI045256ESTs4084A512AI008504ESTs4092L1095AI228723Glycolysis/HHs:phosphoglycerate mutase 1R. norvegicus phosphoglycerate mutaseGluconeogenesis(brain)B isozyme (PGAM) mRNA, completecds4097I1037AI178635ESTs4119J720AI101901ESTs4127H1057AI179206ESTs4143A786AI112107ESTs4157E525AI009481ESTs, Weakly similar to putative[C. elegans]4168E527AI009654ESTs4178I170AA859536ESTs4179A, C, E, R1132AI230431ESTs4193A, C, D,923AI172274ESTs, Weakly similar to I37195 AU-E, F, Ispecific RNA-binding protein/enoyl-CoA hydratase [H. sapiens]4199G1425M83143Sialyltransferase 1Rat beta-galactoside-alpha 2,6-(beta-glactoside alpha-sialyltransferase mRNA2,6-sialytransferase)4207F371AA945591ESTs, Weakly similar to JC5105stromal cell-derived factor 2 - mouse[M. musculus]4224G1415M31322Rat sperm membrane protein (YWK-II)mRNA, 3′ end4231R1159AI231763Rattus norvegicus late gestation lung 2protein (Lgl2) mRNA, complete cds4234H1685NM_021577Rattus norvegicus mRNA for AIF-C1,complete cds4250B76AA818700ESTs4271S321AA925603ESTs, Moderately similar toAF153605_1 androgen induced protein[H. sapiens]4272S1152AI231309ESTs, Moderately similar toAF153605_1 androgen induced protein[H. sapiens]4281A, G1663NM_019192selenoprotein P, plasma, 1selenoprotein P, plasma, 14290S1323AJ224120Rattus norvegicus peroxisomalmembrane protein Pmp26p (Peroxin-11)4291A, H79AA818741ESTs4312K480AB010635Rattus norvegicus mRNA forcarboxylesterase precursor, completecds4314G, M483AF010597 Rattus norvegicus bile salt export pump(spgp) mRNA, complete cds4318F474AB005900Rattus norvegicus mRNA forendothelial receptor for oxidizedlow-density lipoprotein, complete cds4327I498AF063447Rattus norvegicus nuclear RNA helicasemRNA, complete cds4330A, C, D, E80AA818747Rattus norvegicus stromal cell-derivedfactor-1 gamma mRNA, complete cds4348E874AI170447Rattus norvegicus mRNA fornorepinephrine transporter b (rNETb),complete cds4360A1358H31813ESTs4371E295AA924196ESTs4426I3AA685974ESTs4438S2AA684919ESTs4440A, O1189AI232643ESTs4473A229AA891965ESTs4504Q1725NM_024159Rattus norvegicus DOC-2 p59 isoformmRNA, complete cds4520O751AI103694Oxidative phosphorylation,HHs:NADH dehydrogenaseESTs, Moderately similar to NADH-Ubiquinone biosynthesis(ubiquinone) 1 alphaubiquinone oxidoreductase subunit Cl-subcomplex, 2 (8kD, B8)B8 [H. sapiens]4553A, C999AI177038ESTs4576K1049AI178872ESTs4588K477AB009636Rattus norvegicus mRNA forphosphoinositide 3-kinase, complete cds4592C, D1680NM_019356eukaryotic translation initiationeukaryotic translation initiation factor 2,factor 2, subunit 1 (alpha)subunit 1 (alpha)4610E1075AI179991ESTs4650G718AI101582ESTs4670A, N1217AI233714ESTs4674O279AA899847EST4679L585AI029847ESTs, Highly similar to IRF3_MOUSEINTERFERON REGULATORYFACTOR 3 [M. musculus]4719A1087AI228265ESTs4725L282AA900290ESTs4759E285AA900553ESTs4781C, D1228AI233925ESTs4856I752AI103708ESTs4868A882AI170763ESTs4892P611AI044292ESTs4914A785AI112086ESTs4929E296AA924236EST4931S297AA924261ESTs, Moderately similar to unknown[H. sapiens]4933A, E, P299AA924301EST4937A, L1294AI237189ESTs4940S1738NM_022526Rattus norvegicus rap7a mRNA,complete cds4944A, F301AA924405ESTs, Moderately similar toNO56_HUMAN NUCLEOLARPROTEIN NOP56 [H. sapiens]4951A519AI009026ESTs4952C, J86AA818907ESTs4969M795AI113008ESTs, Moderately similar tomegakaryocyte stimulating factor[H. sapiens]5008A, C88AA818921ESTs5018L306AA924767EST5020E307AA924768ESTs, Weakly similar to MRJ[M. musculus]5027A308AA924793ESTs5038E846AI169239ESTs5046A, L1303AI237855ESTs5052R1270AI236302ESTs, Weakly similar to TTHY_RATTRANSTHYRETIN PRECURSOR[R. norvegicus]5059Q1288AI236947ESTs5091E699AI073092ESTs5110E, M317AA925274ESTs5111E397AA955729EST,ESTs5175A90AA818951Glycolysis/Pyruvate kinase, musclePyruvate kinase, muscleGluconeogenesis, Purinemetabolism, Pyruvatemetabolism5219A322AA925807ESTs5235F829AI145569ESTs, Moderately similar toBcDNA.GH02974 [D. melanogaster]5291M1190AI232700ESTs5331I91AA818996Aminoacyl-tRNAHHs:glutaminyl-tRNAESTs, Moderately similar tobiosynthesis, GlutamatesynthetaseSYQ_HUMAN GLUTAMINYL-metabolismTRNA SYNTHETASE [H. sapiens]5339E, M911AI171727Nicotinate and nicotinamideHMm:nicotinamideESTs, Weakly similar to PNMTmetabolismN-methyltransferase[R. norvegicus]5381R1038AI178734ESTs5384A, B, F207AA891041ESTs5434E1380K01878Proopoimelanocortin,Rat proopiomelanocortin (POMC) genebeta (endorphin,beta)5437F407AA956910ESTs5461A613AI044338EST5464B, O614AI044345ESTs, Highly similar to AF172275_1FUS2 [M. musculus]5489C, J914AI171795ESTs5492G1336D38061Androgen and estrogenUDP-glucuronosyltrans-ESTs,UDP-glucuronosyltrnasferase 1metabolism, Pentose andferase 1 family member 1family, member 1glucuronateinterconversions, Porphyrinand chlorophyllmetabolism, Starchand sucrose metabolism5493G, O1433S56936Androgen and estrogenUDP-glucuronosyltrans-ESTs,UDP-glucuronosyltransferase 1metabolism, Pentose andferase 1 family member 1family, member 1glucuronateinterconversions, Porphyrinand chlorophyllmetabolism,Starch and sucrosemetabolism5504D1165AI231805ESTs, Weakly similar toNUML_MOUSENADH-UBIQUINONEOXIDOREDUCTASE MLRQSUBUNIT [M. musculus]5518S617AI044550EST5565S377AA945879ESTs5602S1187AI232611ESTs, Weakly similar to mitochondrialvery-long-chain acyl-CoA thioesterase[R. norvegicus]5608R93AA819041ESTs5616M, S1731NM_019143Fibronectin 1Fibronectin 15622A1731NM_019143Fibronectin 1Fibronectin 15687P705AI101006ESTs5696L621AI045116ESTs5733C1424M81855P-glycoprotein 2/multidrugP-glycoprotein/multidrug resistance 1resistance 1b,P-glycoprotein/multidrug resistance 15740L680AI072092ESTs, Moderately similar toDYNC_HUMAN DYNACTIN, 50 KDISOFORM [H. sapiens]5748A1650NM_017279proteasome (prosome,proteasome (prosome, macropain)macropain) subunit,subunit, alpha type 2alpha type 25749A, H1650NM_017279proteasome (prosome,proteasome (prosome, macropain)subunit, alpha type 2macropain) subunit,alpha type 25754L, R133AA850738ESTs5780C, D1019AI177869ESTs, Weakly similar to DRAL[R. norvegicus]5794C1212AI233480ESTs5795E626AI045441ESTs5813A1026AI178231ESTs5820J1285AI236771ESTs5824K627AI045555EST5863A95AA819111ESTs5867A, C, D158AA858953Alanine and aspartateHHs:asparaginyl-tRNAESTs, Highly similar toSYN_HUMANmetabolism, Aminoacyl-synthetaseASPARAGINYL-TRNAtRNA biosynthesisSYNTHETASE, CYTOPLASMIC[H. sapiens]5885I1322AJ223184Rattus norvegicus mRNA for DORAprotein5887S1053AI179099vanin 1ESTs, Moderately similar to Vanin-1[M. musculus]5899A, D, F867AI170038ESTs5920G843AI169163ESTs5923A65AA818355ESTs5926C1017AI177638ESTs, Moderately similar to M phasephosphoprotein 10 [H. sapiens]5930E42AA817688ESTs5932J756AI104254ESTs5934A, F43AA817695ESTs, Highly similar to 2008147Cprotein RAKd [R. norvegicus]5937J908AI171684ESTs5943A1005AI177105ESTs5953H893AI171231Rattus norvegicus amino acidtransporter system A (ATA2) mRNA,complete cds5966H89AA818947ESTs5993R820AI144612ESTs5998G1317AI639501ESTs6003E54AA818107ESTs6007A55AA818123ESTs6012D56AA818139ESTs6013N1634NM_017096C-reactive proteinC-reactive protein6015A, O57AA818158ESTs6016A, C, D58AA818163EST6017A1676NM_019292Nitrogen metabolismcarbonic anhydrase 3 carbonic anhydrase 3 6018E, N96AA819140Nitrogen metabolismcarbonic anhydrase 3carbonic anhydrase 3 6026E59AA818211EST6032E60AA818258ESTs6033A1195AI233081ESTs6037A64AA818288ESTs6039D330AA942716ESTs, Highly similar to HN1[M. musculus]6060A, O77AA818702ESTs6066E83AA818781ESTs6072A, B, E, F1093AI228630ESTs, Weakly similar to Similarity tolitosperm LEC14B protein [C. elegans]6085C916AI171990ESTs, Moderately similar to axonemaldynein heavy chain [H. sapiens]6101R881AI170752ESTs6132A, C, D94AA819055EST6143A, C771AI105167ESTs, Moderately similar to selenium-binding protein [H. sapiens]6151G98AA819199EST6153G203AA875531Rattus norvegicus pro-alpha-2(I)collagen (col1a2) mRNA, complete cds6155G715AI101443Rattus norvegicus pro-alpha-2(I)collagen (col1a2) mRNA, complete cds6188E82AA818774ESTs6189B, E, G1023AI178027ESTs, Weakly similar to GTP_RATGLUTATHIONE S-TRANSFERASE P[R. norvegicus]6190A107AA819812ESTs6193I1161A1231797ESTs6198M109AA819840ESTs6200P110AA819853HHs:lymphotoxin beta (TNFESTs, Highly similar tosuperfamily, member 3)TNFC_MOUSELYMPHOTOXIN-BETA [M. musculus]6213N726AI102190ESTs6222N68AA818474ESTs6226A70AA818521ESTs6236B, E, P75AA818627EST, Moderately similar to ISI1_RATINSULIN-INDUCED PROTEIN 1[R. norvegicus]6272L875AI170617ESTs, Weakly similar to B39066proline-rich protein 15 -rat [R. norvegicus]6291H822AI144797ESTs6292S422AA964181ESTs6295N103AA819672EST6321A, J712AI101256ESTs, Weakly similar to AIF-C1[R. norvegicus]6322A85AA818801EST6330H873AI170426ESTs6366A, E, H152AA858716Rattus norvegicus mRNA for signalpeptidase 21kDa subunit, complete cds6380A, C, D153AA858758ESTs, Weakly similar to dJ413H6.1.1[H. sapiens]6409E156AA858910ESTs6410A157AA858926ESTs6431K, P159AA859085EST6439S636AI058436ESTs6440R160AA859130ESTs6443A161AA859150ESTs6473A1002AI177091ESTs6477N1371J00735Fibrinogen, gamma polypeptideFibrinogen, gamma polypeptide6479K860AI169690Fibrinogen, gamma polypeptideFibrinogen, gamma polypeptide6532B, Q1232AI234105ESTs6533E155AA858852ESTs, Moderately similar tohypothetical protein[H. sapiens]6541O740AI102905ESTs6549O949AI176002Folate biosynthesisFolylpolyglutamate synthaseESTs, Highly similar to S65755tetrahydrofolylpolyglutamate synthase[M. musculus]6553S594AI030271ESTs6554A505AF097723Rattus norvegicus liver annexin-likeprotein (LAL) mRNA, complete cds6582L910AI171726ESTs, Weakly similar to ESR1_RATESTROGEN RECEPTOR[R. norvegicus]6585F1695NM_022266Rattus norvegicus mRNAfor connective tissue growthfactor, complete cds6604A, O1104AI229192ESTs6613A, F117AA848758Butanoate metabolism,HMm:hydroxylacyl-Rattus norvegicus L-3-hydroxyacyl-Fatty acid biosynthesisCoenzyme ACoA dehydrogenase precursor (HAD)(path 2), Fatty aciddehydrogenasemRNA, complete cds; nuclear gene formetabolism,mitochondrial productLysine degradation,Tryptophan metabolism,Valine, leucine andisoleucine degradation6615A335AA942889ESTs, Weakly similar to putativetype III alcohol dehydrogenase[D. melanogaster]6632A1246AI235277ESTs6633A, N1098AI228931ESTs6640A716AI101500ESTs6667K905AI171646ESTs6673E612AI044325Rattus norvegicus mRNA forN-cadherin, complete cds6676L143AA851967ESTs6677S542AI011471ESTs6682A1168AI232065ESTs6686R952AI176130ESTs6761A513AI008699ESTs, Highly similar to methyl-CpGbinding domain-containingprotein MBD3 [M. musculus]6789O, R459AA998207ESTs6796C735AI102753ESTs6798E857AI169619ESTs6801A, E, K536AI010316ESTs6804E509AI007877ESTs6814E717AI101534EST, Rattus norvegicus Mdk mRNA formidkine, complete cds6820A, D1133AI230439ESTs6821E, L990AI176841ESTs6824A, C, D,104AA819709ESTsF, I6825A, B, Q, S631AI045972ESTs6855A, L899AI171370ESTs6861H, R995AI176970ESTs6879I907AI171674ESTs6892J33AA800551Rattus norvegicus DnaJ-like protein(RDJ1) mRNA, complete cds6911D1343D85035Pantothenate and CoAHHs:dihydropyrimidineRattus norvegicus mRNA forbiosynthesis, Pyrimidinedehydrogenasedihydropyrimidine dehydrogenase,metabolism , beta-Alaninecomplete cdsmetabolism6919N537AI010461ESTs6975O953AI176229ESTs7003A, L593AI030259ESTs, Weakly similar to Dreg-2 protein[D. melanogaster]7036C, J1164AI231801ESTs, Weakly similar to TERA_RATTRANSITIONAL ENDOPLASMICRETICULUM ATPASE [R. norvegicus]7056B, M543AI011503ESTs7062A1533NM_012495Fructose and mannoseAldolase A,Aldolase A, fructose-biphosphatemetabolism, Glycolysis/fructose-biphosphateGluconeogenesis, Pentosephosphate cycle7063A, C, D1533NM_012495Fructose and mannoseAldolase A,Aldolase A, fructose-biphosphatemetabolism, Glycolysis/fructose-biphosphateGluconeogenesis, Pentosephosphate cycle7064A, C1533NM_012495Fructose and mannoseAldolase A,Aldolase A, fructose-biphosphatemetabolism, Glycolysis/fructose-biphosphateGluconeogenesis, Pentosephosphate cycle7111R108AA819816ESTs7113A868AI170260ESTs7122Q809AI137468ESTs7161C1209AI233407ESTs7176Q1306AI639029ESTs7196P1585NM_012904Annexin 1 (p35) (Lipocortin 1)Annexin 1 (p35) (Lipocortin 1)7199C, D562AI013044ESTs7225M564AI013657ESTs7243A, C1218AI233717ESTs7262D, L946AI175833ESTs7271C1115AI229739ESTs7295S572AI013876ESTs7299A573AI013911ESTs, Weakly similar to CIRP[R. norvegicus]7301J111AA819854ESTs7352A577AI028973ESTs, Weakly similar to AF165892_1RNA-binding protein SiahBP[R. norvegicus]7362L578AI029026ESTs7403C, D579AI029212EST7414C, D813AI137586ESTs, Highly similar toIMB3_HUMANIMPORTIN BETA-3 SUBUNIT[H. sapiens]7420S580AI029291ESTs, Highly similar to ClpX-likeprotein [H. sapiens]7451E, N581AI029450ESTs, Moderately similar toSYEP_HUMANMULTIFUNCTIONAL AMINOACYL-TRNA SYNTHETASE[H. sapiens]7497O849AI169302SphingophospholipidHMm:sphingomyelinESTs, Moderately similar tobiosynthesisphosphodiesterase 1, acidsphingomyelin phosphodiesterase 1,lysosomalacid lysosomal [H. sapiens]7517S582AI029709ESTs7528H749AI103548ESTs, Highly similar to AF115778_1short coiled coil protein SCOCO[M. musculus]7531A1298AI237614ESTs7537E584AI029829ESTs7552E, G, I629AI045802EST7582A588AI029996ESTs7584O601AI043724ESTs7586L589AI030024ESTs7602I1320AJ001929Rattus norvegicus mRNA forof CBP-50 protein7617A591AI030170ESTs7665F596AI030668ESTs7681A595AI030449ESTs, Moderately similar tomethyltransferase related protein[M. musculus]7684O592AI030242ESTs7690I1700NM_0222Rattus norvegicus uroguanylin mRNA,complete cds7697A, M992AI176942ESTs7743P651AI070233ESTs7784A1570NM_012789Dipeptidyl peptidase 4Dipeptidyl peptidase 47785A, C1570NM_012789Dipeptidyl peptidase 4Dipeptidyl peptidase 47806J67AA818421ESTs7858M, P599AI043654EST7868A711AI101229ESTs7887C, D823AI144832Aminoacyl-tRNAHHs:arginyl-tRNAESTs, Moderately similar tobiosynthesis, ArgininesynthetaseSYR_HUMAN ARGINYL-TRNAand proline metabolismSYNTHETASE [H. sapiens]7888A, C, D1215AI233583Aminoacyl-tRNAHHs:arginyl-tRNAESTs, Moderately similar tobiosynthesis, ArgininesynthetaseSYR_HUMAN ARGINYL-TRNAand proline metabolismSYNTHETASE [H. sapiens]7892F1102AI229172ESTs, Weakly similar to FIBA_RATFIBRINOGEN ALPHA/ALPHA-E CHAIN PRECURSOR[R. norvegicus]7893A604AI043761EST7903A, E, F605AI043805ESTs7916E606AI043855Sterol biosynthesisHMm:sterol-C5-desaturaseESTs, Highly similar to sterol-C5-(fungal ERG3,desaturase [M. musculus]delta-5-desaturase)homolog (S.cerevisae)7918A1069AI179750ESTs7927A, H, O831AI145931Aminosugars metabolismHHs:UDP-N-R. norvegicusmRNA for UDP-N-acetylglucosamine-2-acetyl-D glucosamine-2-epimeraseepimerase/N-acetylmannosaminekinase7935C607AI043945Porphyrin and chlorophyllHMm:ferrochelataseESTsmetabolism7936A202AA875495ESTs7967L1124AI230134Purine metabolismHHs:adenylate cyclase 9ESTs8017P633AI058341EST, Weakly similar to putative integralmembrane transport protein[R. norvegicus]8053K932AI175033ESTs8054R1099AI228959ESTs8079B, M, Q637AI058581ESTs8107G1318AI639534ESTs, Moderately similar toPROP_MOUSE PROPERDIN[M. musculus]8124E742AI103071Protein tyrosine phosphatase,ESTsgamma (provisional HGM11symbol)8152I1478U77038HMm:hemopoietic cellRattus norvegicus protein-tyrosinephosphatasephosphatase (SHP-1) mRNA, completecds8173E450AA997699ESTs8177S638AI058603ESTs8215L909AI171692Rat ferritin light chain subunit,mRNA, Rattus norvegicus kynurenineaminotransferase/glutaminetransaminase K (Kat) gene, completecds8273P765AI104908ESTs8274B641AI059270EST, Weakly similar to hypotheticalprotein [H. sapiens]8310P1048AI178868ESTs8314J642AI059386ESTs8315S643AI059389Alanine and aspartateHMm:adenylosuccinateESTs, Highly similar tometabolism, Purinesynthetase 1, musclePUA1_MOUSEmetabolismADENYLOSUCCINATESYNTHETASE, MUSCLE ISOZYME[M. musculus]8317A, E234AA892234Glutathione metabolismHHs:microsomalESTs, Moderately similar toglutathionemicrosomal glutathione S-transferase 3[H. sapiens] S-transferase 38356G645AI059543EST8387A962AI176365ESTs8477A1056AI179167ESTs8515N127AA849917ESTs8522M, P647AI060071ESTs8549A, F, H1216AI233639ESTs8592G1364H33491Rattus norvegicus sterol delta 8-isomerase (RSI) mRNA, complete cds8597B, H72AA818593Rattus norvegicus phosphatidatephosphohydrolase type 2 mRNA,complete cds8600A640AI058956ESTs8630A529AI009677ESTs8661J73AA818604Heat shock protein 70-1Rattus norvegicus heat shock protein 70(HSP70) mRNA, complete cds8662J115AA848563Heat shock protein 70-1Rattus norvegicus heat shock protein 70(HSP70) mRNA, complete cds8663J1527Z27118Heat shock protein 70-1Rattus norvegicus heat shock protein 70(HSP70) mRNA, complete cds8664J1530Z75029Heat shock protein 70-1ESTs, Rattus norvegicus heat shockprotein 70 (HSP70) mRNA, completecds8665J675AI071965Heat shock protein 70-1ESTs, Rattus norvegicus heat shockprotein 70 (HSP70) mRNA, completecds8692A610AI044247ESTs, Weakly similar to putativeperoxisomal 2,4-dienoyl-CoA reductase[R. norvegicus]8700E, M634AI058388ESTs8709R1185AI232534ESTs, Weakly similar to DnaJhomolog 2 [R. norvegicus]8715N648AI069920ESTs8728R74AA818615ESTs8730H1028AI178483ESTs8735H697AI073047Rattus norvegicus clone Pr2 unknownmRNA8766A549AI012085ESTs, Weakly similar to thyroidhormone responsive protein[R. norvegicus]8820S650AI070152ESTs8829A1567NM_012749NucleolinNucleolin8864P652AI070319ESTs8872G, K134AA851050ESTs8880A824AI144936ESTs8886D1221AI233766ESTs, Highly similar to Ki antigen[M. musculus]8905K790AI112511ESTs8928I212AA891221ESTs8946A656AI070611ESTs8984J1735NM_022539Hsp:METHIONINERattus norvegicus initiation factor 2AMINOPEPTIDASE 2associated 67 kDa protein (p67) mRNA,complete cds8993R948AI175997ESTs9012A657AI070879EST9015K1239AI234810ESTs9016A, B, C,659AI070903ESTD, E9053A249AA892861ESTs9063A1197AI233162ESTs9072G942AI175635ESTs9079P667AI071251ESTs9128L903AI171611ESTs9148B516AI008813ESTs9164H1565NM_012726Spinocerebellar ataxia type 1ESTs9166E807AI137406ESTs9170E993AI176947ESTs9181C, D1071AI179870ESTs9190H702AI100835ESTs9191A681AI072107EST, Weakly similar to PE2R_RAT20-ALPHA-HYDROXYSTEROIDDEHYDROGENASE [R. norvegicus]9192E805AI137345ESTs9223Q1417M36151Rat MHC class II RT1.B beta gene,encoding cell surface glycoprotein betachain, Rat mRNA for MHC class IIantigen RT1.B-1 beta-chain, Rattusnorvegicus MHC class II antigen RT1.Bbeta chain mRNA, partial cds9245A684AI072778ESTs9267Q685AI072384ESTs, Moderately similar to humanformiminotransferase cyclodeaminase[H. sapiens]9326A799AI136514ESTs, Moderately similar to SPIN[H. sapiens ]9331A, C, D689AI072633ESTs9336A691AI072643ESTs9372S692AI072712ESTs9373S802AI136714ESTs9374R854AI169557ESTs Highly similar toCDN6_MOUSECYCLIN-DEPENDENT KINASE 6INHIBITOR [M. musculus]9399A693AI072812ESTs9402O, R101AA819383ESTs9423S1556NM_012649Ryudocan/syndecan 4Ryudocan/syndecan 49424N1556NM_012649Ryudocan/syndecan 4Ryudocan/syndecan 49425A27AA800059Ryudocan/syndecan 4Ryudocan/syndecan 49432E695AI072914EST9475A, O698AI073059ESTs9486L69AA818490ESTs9541A1704NM_022542Rat rhoB gene mRNA, complete cds9572R660AI071162ESTs9583A664AI071185ESTs9595B, E, Q800AI136630ESTs9598F1365H33832ESTs9603E666AI071227ESTs9621O937AI175486ribosomal protein S7Rat PRRHIS8 mRNA for ribosomalprotein S89627A840AI169401ESTs9635N676AI071967ESTs, Weakly simiar toY281_HUMANHYPOTHETICAL PROTIENKIAA0281 [H. sapiens]9668K669AI071538ESTs9674L1044AI178784ESTs9697K671AI071642EST9712B, E988AI176836ESTs. Weakly similar to F25H5.6[C. elegans]9754A788AI112194ESTs9766R672AI071858ESTS9775L124AA849767Rattus norvegicus brain-enriched SH3-domain protein mRNA, complete cds9784C710AI101226ESTs9796C677AI071990Rattus norvegicus pEachy mRNA,complete cds9800R678AI072014ESTs, Weakly similar to AF165892_1RNA-binding protein SiahBP[R. norvegicus]9826A, M228AA891950ESTs9889A618AI044621EST9905A, G221AA891774ESTs9925S620AI044925ESTs9969K622AI045195EST9977M623AI045253EST10002K816AI137988ESTs, Highly similar to myosin X[M. musculus10016F, I1673NM_019289Action-relatedActin-related protein complex 1bcomplex 1b10019J1043AI178756ESTs10093G639AI058746EST10109A1502X58465Ribosomal protein S5Ribsomal protein S510176A102AA819530Rattus norvegicus E-septin long formmRNA complete cds10184E1363H33426ESTs10187F985AI176781ESTs10200L644AI059444ESTs10248A1574NM_012797Inhibitor of DNAInhibitor of DNA bindingbinding 1, helix-loop1, helix-loop-helix protein-helix protein (splice(splice varition)variation)10306I506AF100470Rattus norvegicus SERP1 mRNA,completed cds10378F1205AI233300ComplementESTs, Moderately similar tocomponent 5CO5_HUMAN COMPLEMENT C5PRECURSOR [H. sapiens]10394R337AA943564ESTs10509A1696NM_022268Starch and sucroseHHs: phosphorylase,[R. norvegicus ] gene for glycogenmetabolismglycogen; liver (Hersphosphorylase (liver type)disease, glycogenstorage disease typeVI)10533S635AI058430ESTs, highly similar to HG17_RATNONHISTONE CHROMOSOMALPROTEIN HMG-17 [R. norvegicus]10540O269AA894027EST10544A, B1341D63411Rattus norvegicus outermitochondrial membrane receptorrTOM20 mRNA, complete cds10545A1455U21871Rattus norvegicus outermitochondrial membrane receptorrTOM20 mRNA, complete cds10549C, D, E39AA801255ESTs10593R876AI170673ESTs10594E704AI100878ESTs, Highly similar to EST00098protein [H. sapiens]10611O1018AI177790ESTs10667N1273AI236366Rattus norvegicus RNA-binding proteinSiahBP mRNA, partial cds10790F, M602AI043728EST10879A, N687AI072476ESTs10984A, P842AI169156ESTs, Weakly similar to HP33[R. norvegicus]11021A, N106AA819767ESTs11039G1705NM_022543Rattus norvegicus steriod sensitive gene1 protein (SSG-1) mRNA, complete cds11048E668AI071456EST, Moderately similar toAF099186_1EH domain-containingprotein EHD1 [M. musculus]11125L673AI071867ESTs, Highly similar tophosphatidylserine synthase-2[M. musculus]11127E674AI071868EST11152G1629NM_017073Aminoacyl-tRNAGlutamine synthetaseGlutamine synthetasebiosynthesis, Arginine(glutamete-(glutamate-ammoniaand proline metabolism,ammonia ligase)ligase)Glutamate metabolism,Nitrogen metabolism,Porphyrin and chlorophyllmetabolism11153G1629NM_017073Aminoacyl-tRNAGlutamine synthetaGlutamine syntheta glutamate-biosynthesis, Arginine andglutamate-ammonia ligase)ammonia ligase)proline metabolism,Glutamate metabolism,Nitrogen metabolism,Porphyrin and chlorophyllmetabolism11157A, E1184AI232494ESTs11166A40AA801346ESTs, Highly similar toKIAA0315 [H. sapiens ]11172P338AA943730ESTs, Weakly similar to TISB_RATTIS11B PROTEIN [R. norvegicus]11174E333AA942745ESTs11179A, H783AI111559ESTs11205A, G919AI172057ESTs11215E49AA817921ESTs, Moderately similar to weaksimilarity to Arabidopsis thalianaubiguitin-like protein 8 [C. elegans]112270541AI010660ESTs11228A739AI102871ESTs11235D1068AI179709ESTs, Weakly similar to similar toC. elegans hypothetical proteinCET01H8.1, CEC05C12.3,CEF54D1.5.similar to trp and trp-like proteins[H. sapiens]11280R808AI137420ESTs, Moderately similar to hepatoma-derived growth factor [M. musculus]11315R892AI171229ESTs, Moderately similar to imogen 44[M. musculus]11322E526AI009492ESTs, Highly similar to Unknown[H. sapiens]11331C828AI145556ESTs11336R388AA946441ESTs11354R833AI146215ESTs11357A835AI146237ESTs11403A, D, L889AI171088Arginine and prolineHMm: spermidine synthaseESTs, Highly similar toSPEE_MOUSEmetabolism, SelenoaminoSPERMIDINE SYNTHASEacid metabolism, Urea[M. musculus]cycle and metabolism ofamino groups, beta-Alanine metabolism11404A, C, D, L1291AI237002Arginine and prolineHMm: spermidine synthaseESTs, Highly similar toSPEE_MOUSEmetabolism, SelenoaminoSPERMIDINE SYNTHASEacid metabolism, Urea[M. musculus]cycle and metabolism ofamino groups, beta-Alaninemetabolism11422Q26AA799812ESTs, Moderately similar toPTN3_HUMAN PROTEINTYROSINE PHOSPHATASE,NON-RECEPTORTYPE 3 [H. sapiens]11423B, H, Q26AA799812ESTs, Moderately similar toPTN3_HUMAN PROTEINTYROSINE PHOSPHATASE,NON-RECEPTOR TYPE 3[H. sapiens]11426H896AI171305ESTs, Moderately similar toPTN3_HUMAN PROTEINTYROSINE PHOSPHATASE,NON-RECEPTOR TYPE 3[H. sapiens]11429A, G862AI169706ESTs11438E922AI172189ESTs11465O1263AI236084ESTs, Moderately similar to41BB_MOUSE 4-1BB LIGANDRECEPTOR PRECURSOR[M. musculus]11483J487AF020618ESTs, Moderately similar to progressionelevated gene 3 protein[R. norvegicus], Rattus norvegicusprogression elevated gene 3 proteinmRNA, complete cds11485E1248AI235348ESTs, Highly similar to nucleartranscriptional repressor Mph1[M. musculus]11492A770AI105145ESTs11493J1356H31287ESTs, Weakly similar to putativeserine/threonine protein kinase MAK-V[M. musculus]11494J1356H31287ESTs, Weakly similar to putativeserine/threonine protein kinase MAK-V[M. musculus]11495J991AI176901 ESTs, Weakly similar to putativeserine/threonine protein kinase MAK-V[M. musculus]11504A, B906AI171652 ESTs11520A443AA997068ESTs, Weakly similar to CAG6_RATCMP-N-ACETYLNEURANMINATE-BETA-1,4-GALACTOSIDE ALPHA-2,3-SIALYLTRANSFERASE[R. norvegicus]11527A, C, R1108AI229307ESTs11536A984AI176739ESTs11561C1200AI233182ESTs11563A728AI102560ESTs11576A832AI146177ESTs11590E78AA818721ESTs, Moderately similar to S65785mel-13a protein-mouse[M. musculus]11596M665AI071194ESTs11608F172AA859633ESTs11619L701AI100769ESTs11623E930AI172471ESTs, Highly similar to smallEDRK-rich factor 2 [M. musculus]11625R708AI101167ESTs, Weakly similar to ARL5_RATADP-RIBOSYLATION FACTOR-LIKE PROTEINS 5 [R. norvegicus]11635A, G173AA859645ESTs11644K, O1247AI235282ESTs11645F, M725AI102093ESTs, Weakly similar to B39066proline-rich protein 15-rat[R. norvegicus]11660C, D1050AI178944ESTs, Highly similar to AF167573_1protein methyltransferase [M. musculus]11691A, E327AA926193Rattus norvegicus mRNA forSulfotransferase K211693A, C, D,836AI168953Rattus norvegicus mRNA forE, KSulfotransferase K211700E557AI012574ESTs11720B, O, Q1174AI232273ESTs, Highly similar to RNA cyclasehomolog [H. sapiens]11724K736AI102812ESTs11731P1544NM_012561FollistatinFollistatin11742A, E713AI101262ESTs11745A475AB006450translocator of innertranslocator of inner mitochondrialmitochondrial membranemembrane 17 kDa, a17 kDa, a118210653AI070350ESTs, Weakly similar to DP1_MOUSEPOLYPOSIS LOCUS PROTEIN 1HOMOLOG [M. musculus]11830N1052AI179093ESTs11840N1526Y15068Rattus norvegicus mRNA forHsp70/Hsp90 organizing protein11850G1431R46985[R. norvegicus] mRNA for ribosomalprotein L10a11876L522AI009321ESTs11893B1139AI230951ESTs11904B, F, M,1344D85183Brain immunoglobulin likeBrain immunoglobulin likeQprotein with tyrosine-baseprotein with tyrosine-baseactivation motifs, Proteinactivation motifs, Proteintyrosine phosphatase, non-tyrosine phosphatase, non-receptor type substrate 1receptor type substrate 1(SHP substrate 1)(SHP substrate 1)11940F, H209AA891108ESTs11959A217AA891735ESTs11960K220AA891740ESTs, Weakly similar to EPOR_RATERYTHROPOIETIN RECEPTORPRECURSOR [R. norvegicus]11974B363AA944958ESTs12058R1393L25387Fructose and mannoseHsp:ESTs, Highly similar to K6PP_RAT 6-metabolism, Galactose6-PHOSPHOFRUCTOKINASE,PHOSPHOFRUCTOKINASE, TYPE Cmetabolism, Glycolysis /TYPE C[R. norvegicus]Gluconeogenesis,Pentose phosphate cycle12064A32AA800429ESTs12087A1683NM_020082ribonuclease 4ribonuclease 4121200121AA849365ESTs12155K1370J00728Fatty acid metabolism,cytochrome P450, 2b19cytochrome P450, 2b19Tryptophan metabolism12156B, G, K1378K00996Fatty acid metabolism,cytochrome P450, 2b19cytochrome P450, 2b19Tryptophan metabolism12157K1379K01721Fatty acid metabolism,cytochrome P450, 2b19cytochrome P450, 2b19Tryptophan metabolism12158K1383L00320Fatty acid metabolism,cytochrome P450, 2b19cytochrome P450, 2b19Tryptophan metabolism12160A, K66AA818412Fatty acid metabolism,cytochrome P450, 2b19cytochrome P450, 2b19Tryptophan metabolism12185E890AI171094ESTs, Weakly similar to Cys2/His2 zincfinger protein [R. norvegicus]12198R273AA899195Rattus norvegicus replication factor Csubunit 2 (RFC2) mRNA, partial cds12203L274AA899256ESTs, Weakly similar to translationinitiation factor [M. musculus]12215E, S696AI072959ESTs, Moderately similar tomonoglyceride lipase [M. musculus]12216A1106AI229240ESTs12277M, P342AA943800ESTs12306A, E, N360AA944898ESTs12312A263AA893453ESTs12314G372AA945596ESTs, Moderately similar to LECT2precursor [H. sapiens]12317E, R1237AI234361ESTs12331A389AA946466ESTs, Weakly similar to cytoplasmicaminopeptidase P [R. norvegicus]12332A389AA946466ESTs, Weakly similar to cytoplasmicaminopeptidase P [R. norvegicus]12361O433AA965031ESTs12375L798AI136478ESTs, Highly similar to p116Rip[M. musculus]12450A, P755AI103955ESTs, Weakly similar to predicted usingGenefinder [C. elegans]12463Q1191AI232706ESTs12467S1193AI232924ESTs12471A413AA957433ESTs12551I1122AI230056ESTs12577F, M779AI111344Rattus norvegicus cyclin H mRNA,complete cds12585O380AA946034ESTs, Highly similar toAF151803_1 CGI 45 protein[H. sapiens]12587A1120AI229979ESTs12613I1357H31620ESTs, Highly similar to hypotheticalprotein [H. sapiens]12614C, D, R933AI175294ESTs12625R458AA998029ESTs12655A, O1226AI233836ESTs12694A416AA957906ESTs12714P533AI010050ESTs, Weakly similar toLIS1_MOUSEPLATELET-ACTIVATING FACTORACETYLHYDROLASE IB ALPHASUBUNIT [R. norvegicus]12746O548AI011809ESTs12844N679AI072054ESTs12848A, G251AA892916ESTs, Weakly similar to hemomucin[D. melanogaster]12857N694AI072866ESTs12880E782AI111558ESTs12928B, F, R396AA955564ESTs12946A, N1088AI228291ESTs12956L1296AI237580ESTs12964N1267AI236227ESTs12965C792AI112926ESTs12969J794AI112969ESTs12999C956AI176276AminosugarsHHs:UDP-N-acteylglucosamineESTsmetabolismpyrophosphorylase 113045M801AI136702ESTs13055E1054AI179100ESTs, Highly similar to potentialmembrane protein C14orf1 [H. sapiens]13088A, F, G266AA893495ESTs, Highly similar to CBG_RATCORTICOSTEROID-BINDINGGLOBULIN PRECURSOR[R. norvegicus]13092O1158AI231547HMm:FK506 bindingESTs, Weakly similar to PPP5_RATprotein 4 (59 kDa)SERINE/THREONINE PROTEINPHOSPHATASE 5 [R. norvegicus]13093B, O552AI012177HMm:FK506 bindingESTs, Weakly similar to PPP5_RATprotein 4 (59kDa)SERINE/THREONINE PROTEINPHOSPHATASE 5 [R. norvegicus]13166A, R1039AI178736ESTs13175E965AI176465ESTs13203A, C1096AI228728ESTs13229O154AA858760ESTs13251C, D, R1059AI179264ESTs, Moderately similar to LZIP-1 andLZIP-2 [M. musculus]13265J719AI101708ESTs13283A1598NM_013078Arginine and prolineOrnithineOrnithine carbamoyltransferasemetabolism, Urea cycle andcarbamoyltransferasemetabolism of aminogroups13294D1220AI233731ESTs, Weakly similar to TCPA_RATT-COMPLEX PROTEIN 1, ALPHASUBUNIT [R. norvegicus]13332B, Q257AA893080ESTs13351A, H62AA818271ESTs13353M, N938AI175508ESTs13458C, D, I934AI175338ESTs13467C817AI138034SphingoglycolipidHHs:UDP-glucoseRattus norvegicus UDP-metabolismceramideglucose:ceramide glycosyltransferaseglucosyltransferasemRNA, complete cds13501R957AI176284ESTs13534E382AA946187ESTs13557B, E, L, N367AA945090ESTs13568H28AA800169ESTs13580K1030AI178507ESTs13581E1035AI178602ESTs13634A1061AI179381ESTs, Highly similar to S26812transcription factor ATF-4 - mouse[M. musculus]13640E, H814AI137761ESTs13646C, D, E1509X62166ESTs, Highly similar to RL3_RAT 60SRIBOSOMAL PROTEIN L3[R. norvegicus]13684A, D, I81AA818770Rattus norvegicus serine protease gene,complete cds13723D1419M55534Crystallin, alpha polypeptide 2ESTs, Rat alpha-crystallin B chainmRNA, complete cds13749A1089AI228540ESTs13757A1094AI228676ESTs13762A, E1129AI230326ESTs13799L947AI175871ESTs13812R1101AI229167ESTs13838R1111AI229416ESTs13874C, D1117AI229832ESTs, Weakly similar to KIAA0859protein [H. sapiens]13895M1127AI230270ESTs13918E569AI013832ESTs13926H17AA799601ESTs13932E, H, N1142AI230988ESTs13949R1149AI231193ESTs, Moderately similar toSEC_HUMAN SEC PROTEIN[H. sapiens]13963A, O1154AI231388ESTs13967E1155AI231439EST13992Q1281AI236679ESTs14007A, E1166AI231808ESTs14016F489AF026505Rattus norvegicus SH3-containingprotein p4015 mRNA, complete cds14017F211AA891194Rattus norvegicus SH3-containingprotein p4015 mRNA, complete cds14035A1177AI232328TyrosineHHs:homogentisate 1,2-ESTs, Highly similar to homogentisatemetabolismdioxygenase (homogentisate1,2-dioxygenase [M. musculus]oxidase)14051A, C, D1183AI232489ESTs, Weakly similar to PIR1[H. sapiens]14053E1243AI235046ESTs, Highly similar toDDX6_MOUSEPROBABLE ATP-DEPENDENT RNAHELICASE P54 [M. musculus]14074A1206AI233323ESTs14081P1198AI233164ESTs14083A1009AI177181ESTs14095A1211AI233468ESTs14103A1199AI233172ESTs, Weakly similar to AF073727_1EH domain-binding mitoticphosphoprotein [H. sapiens]14116S1207AI233361ESTs14118A1208AI233367EST14126E1062AI179415HHs:neurotrophicRattus norvegicus tropomyosin non-tyrosine kinase,muscle isoform NM1 (TPM-gamma)receptor, type 1mRNA, complete cds,Rattus norvegicustropomyosin non-muscle isoform NM3(TPM-gamma) mRNA, complete cds14139H175AA859700Porphyrin andHMm:protoporphyrinogenEST, Highly similar to PPOX_MOUSEchlorophylloxidasePROTOPORPHYRINOGEN OXIDASEmetabolism[M. musculus], EST,Moderately similar to PPOX_HUMANPROTOPORPHYRINOGEN OXIDASE[H. sapiens]14171E1024AI178073ESTs, Weakly similar to cDNA ESTyk249b3.5 comes from this gene[C. elegans]14181A1233AI234107ESTs14185P177AA859837Purine metabolismHMm:guanine deaminaseRattus norvegicus guanineaminohydrolase (GAH) mRNA,complete cds14195E775AI105205ESTs14199K1234AI234133ESTs14206A182AA859994ESTs14208A, B723AI102017ESTs14224C1140AI230956ESTs, Moderately similar to TFGprotein [M. musculus]14242C, D1086AI228197ESTs14250K21AA799729Purine metabolismPhosphodiesterase 4B,ESTs, Phosphodiesterase 4B, cAMP-cAMP-specific (duncespecific (dunce (Drosophila)-(Drosophila)-homologhomolog phosphodiesterase E4)14258C1118AI229902phosphodiesterase E4)ESTs14264S1181AI232409ESTs, Weakly similar to bK126B4.2[H. sapiens]14266O1366H33842ESTs, Highly similar to phosphoprotein[M. musculus]14303L1148AI231159ESTs, Highly similar to KIAA1049protein [H. sapiens]14312A, E1261AI236036ESTs, Moderately similar to UBE-1b[M. musculus]14330P233AA892146ESTs14335E1006AI177115ESTs14353A171AA859585ESTs14400F, M858AI169620ESTs14424A, J654AI070421ESTs14449E1235AI234152ESTs14458C, I826AI145095ESTs14462C, D703AI100871ESTs14465F253AA892950ESTs, Moderately similar tomitochondrial DNA polymeraseaccessory subunit [M. musculus]14491M535AI010147ESTs14504M, P25AA799804ESTs14506A1359H32584ESTs14507S132AA850618ESTs, Highly similar to gp250precursor [M. musculus]14512A, G793AI112964ESTs14584A1250AI235360ESTs, Moderately similar toglutathione-S-transferase homolog[M. musculus]14595S232AA892128ESTs14600E, R38AA801076ESTs14619C, D1290AI236989ESTs14638E803AI137049ESTs, Moderately similar to Nibrin[M. musculus]14693A, C, D1240AI234830ESTs, Weakly similar to ORFYKR081c [S. cerevisiae]14738N, O997AI176993ESTs14746A1252AI235584ESTs, Moderately similar to KIAA0922protein [H. sapiens]14767A1256AI235895ESTs14776A, E, N1258AI235950ESTs14840K1301AI237698ESTs14869A1264AI236089ESTs, Weakly similar to /prediction14882S1324D00362Esterase 2Esterase 214913L, R1274AI236461ESTs14937A, E1293AI237159ESTs, Highly similar to lipoic acidsynthetase [H. sapiens]14939C, D1090AI228557ESTs14958N105AA819744ESTs14959I1444U03390Rattus norvegicus Sprague Dawleyprotein kinase C receptor mRNA,complete cds14960A, G, O897AI171319ESTs, Highly similar to integraseinteractor 1a protein[M. musculus, Rattus norvegicusSprague Dawley protein kinase Creceptor mRNA, complete cds14962A, C, D845AI169171ESTs, Highly similar to ENHANCEROF RUDIMENTARY HOMOLOG[M. musculus]14970G218AA891738Sulfur metabolismHHs:sulfite oxidaseRattus norvegicus sulfite oxidasemRNA, complete cds14989O1012AI177366Integrin, beta 1Integrin, beta 114996A, N1597NM_013059Folate biosynthesis,Tissue-nonspecific ALP alkalineTissue-nonspecific ALP alkalineGlycerolipid metabolismphosphatasephosphatase14997A, E, N,1597NM_013059Folate biosynthesis,Tissue-nonspecific ALP alkalineTissue-nonspecific ALP alkalineOGlycerolipid metabolismphosphatasephosphatase15002F851AI169327Rattus norvegicus tissue inhibitor ofmetalloproteinase-1 (TIMP1), mRNA,complete cds15003F851AI169327Rattus norvegicus tissue inhibitor ofmetalloproteinase-1 (TIMP1), mRNA,complete cds15004A1244AI235224Rattus norvegicus tissue inhibitor ofmetalloproteinase-1 (TIMP1), mRNA,complete cds15015S961AI176363ESTs15016A925AI172285ESTs15018E, S430AA964688ESTs15029A, C, D,878AI170696ESTs, Weakly similar to development-E, Prelated protein [R. norvegicus]15030L113AA848378ESTs15032A, D1576NM_012816Methylacyl-CoA racemase alphaMethylacyl-CoA racemase alpha15051J, R1271AI236332Arginine and prolineSpermidine / spermine N1-ESTs, Highly similar toATDA_MOUSEmetabolismacyltransferase (diamineDIAMINE ACETYLTRANSFERASEacetyltransferase)[M. musculus15055A1463U48220Fatty acidHHs:cytochrome P450,Rattus norvegicus cytochrome P450metabolismsubfamily IID (debrisoquine,2D18 mRNA, complete cdsTryptophansparteine, etc., -metabolizing),metabolismpolypeptide 615057O1675NM_019291Nitrogencarbonic anhydrase 2carbonic anhydrase 2metabolism15070H1081AI180442SterolHHs:farnesyl diphosphateRat testis-specific farnesylbiosynthesissynthase (farnesylpyrophosphate synthetase mRNA,pyrophosphate synthetasecomplete cdsdimethylallyltranstransferase,geranyltranstransferase)15080A724AI102045ESTs, Highly similar to OS-4 protein[H. sapiens]15089F530AI009752ESTs15091J1040AI178740YY1 transcription factorESTs15097L, O1548NM_012588Insulin-like growth factor-Insulin-like growth factor-bindingbinding protein (IGF-BP3)protein (IGF-BP3)15113A, G941AI175590ESTs, Highly similar to dJ1118D24.1c[H. sapiens]15116P190AA874928ESTs, Highly similar to sorting nexin 4[H. sapiens]15121E746AI103159Rattus norvegicus interferon-inducibleprotein 16 mRNA, complete cds15122E1176AI232303ESTs, Weakly similar to Sid1669p[M. musculus]15127B, K1434S56937AndrogenUDP-glucuronosyltransferaseRattus norvegicus UDP-and estrogen1 family, member 1glucuronosyltransferase (UGT1.1) gene,metabolism,complete cds, Rattus norvegicus UDP-Pentose andglucuronosyltransferase UGT1A7glucuronatemRNA, complete cds, UDP-inter-glucuronosyltransferase 1 family,conversions,member 1Porphyrinandchlorophyllmetabolism,Starch andsucrosemetabolism15135A, D1436S71021R. norvegicus mRNA for ribosomalprotein L615136A20AA799672R. norvegicus mRNA for ribosomalprotein L615139H818AI144585ESTs15141E, F1649NM_017278proteasomeproteasome (prosome, macropain)(prosome, macropain)subunit, alpha type 1subunit, alphatype 115149R164AA859327ESTs15156A, E165AA859341ESTs, Highly similar to KIAA0418[H. sapiens]15162L168AA859350ESTs15170A, H, N1299AI237618ESTs15171J1160AI231792ESTs, Moderately similar toBAG-family molecular chaperoneregulator-3 [H. sapiens]15172J169AA859362ESTs, Moderately similar toBAG-family molecular chaperoneregulator-3 [H. sapiens]15179R982AI176675ESTs15181H1245AI235234ESTs15189M, N1399M11794MetallothioneinMetallothionein15190N729AI102562MetallothioneinMetallothionein15191N964AI176456MetallothioneinMetallothionein15197A778AI105444ESTs15203I1389L19698Rat GTP-binding protein(ral A) mRNA,complete cds15207A, B, Q147AA858448ESTs15239A1619NM_016989R. norvegicus (Sprague Dawley)ribosomal protein L15 mRNA15240A609AI044241ESTs, Moderately similar to cell deathactivator CIDE-B [M. musculus]15251E, L1011AI177363ESTs, Highly similar to CSK_RATTYROSINE-PROTEIN KINASE CSK[R. norvegicus]15281I1328D13623ESTs15282D, I, L1034AI178573ESTs15283D148AA858548ESTs15291J780AI111401multiple inositolmultiple inositol polyphosphatepolyphosphate histidinehistidine phosphatase 1phosphatase 115292J484AF012714multiple inositolmultiple inositol polyphosphatepolyphosphate histidinehistidine phosphatase 1phosphatase 115295O1602NM_013102FK506-bindingFK506-binding protein 1 (12kD)protein 1 (12kD)15299A1647NM_017259B-cell translocationB-cell translocation gene 2, anti-gene 2, anti-proliferativeproliferative15300A, F1647NM_017259B-cell translocationB-cell translocation gene 2, anti-gene 2, anti-proliferativeproliferative15301A1647NM_017259B-cell translocationB-cell translocation gene 2, anti-gene 2, anti-proliferativeproliferative15312C, D, I, J198AA875126ESTs15313C, D, J198AA875126ESTs15315G1021AI177911calpactin I heavy chaincalpactin I heavy chain15345L902AI171587ESTs15365D1637NM_017147cofilin 1, non-musclecofilin 1, non-muscle15374C, D1368H34186ESTs, Highly similar to IF39_HUMANEUKARYOTIC TRANSLATIONINITIATION FACTOR 3 SUBUNIT 9[H. sapiens]15382A, J926AI172302ESTs, Weakly similar to S43056hypothetical protein - mouse[M. musculus]15391K534AI010083Rat mRNA for HBP23 (heme-bindingprotein 23 kDa), complete cds15398C1277AI236566ESTs15433L1641NM_017187high mobility grouphigh mobility group protein 2protein 215441K834AI146216EST15462G1447U06230Rattus norvegicus protein S mRNA,partial cds15467H1265AI236106ESTs15480F201AA875362ESTs15490J1107AI229253Rattus norvegicus zinc finger protein(pMLZ-4) mRNA, 3′ untranslatedregion15491H979AI176642ESTs15500K1110AI229337ESTs15503P1668NM_019237procollagen C-proteinaseprocollagen C-proteinase enhancerenhancerproteinprotein15504M, P1668NM_019237procollagen C-proteinaseprocollagen C-proteinase enhancerenhancerproteinprotein15519A1036AI178629ProteasomeESTs, Highly similar to PRCY_RAT(prosome, macropain)PROTEASOME COMPONENT C13subunit, beta type, 8PRECURSOR [R. norvegicus](low molecularmass polypeptide 7)15534O955AI176266ESTs15535F1653NM_017283proteasomeproteasome (prosome, macropain)(prosome, macropain)subunit, alpha type 6subunit, alpha type 615543D, I1163AI231800ESTs15551R1138AI230759ESTs, Moderately similar to ornithinedecarboxylase antizyme 2[M. musculus]15558J204AA875537ESTs15571G1413M27207procollagen, type I,R. norvegicus mRNA for collagenalpha 1alpha 1 type I15606B, N356AA944401ESTs15612A1618NM_016987Citrate cycleATP citrate lyaseATP citrate lyase(TCA cycle)15616J1562NM_012699Microvascular endothelialMicrovascular endothelialdifferentiationdifferentiation gene 1gene 115617J205AA875620ESTs15634H1546NM_012576Glucocorticoid receptorGlucocorticoid receptor15642A1016AI177503R. norvegicus mRNA for histone H3.315645K879AI170709R. norvegicus mRNA for histone H3.315647A, J488AF025424PurineHMm:RNA polymeraseRattus norvegicus RNA polymerase Imetabolism,1-2 (128 kDa127 kDa subunit mRNA, complete cdsPyrimidinesubunit)metabolism15655I, L733AI102739ESTs15663D, R940AI175566Rattus norvegicus mRNA for Tctex-1,complete cds15672S281AA900009Rat mRNA for 5E5 antigen, completecds15673G921AI172107Rat mRNA for 5E5 antigen, completecds15700A, D479AB010466Rattus norvegicus mRNA for multidrugresistance-associated protein (MRP)-likeprotein-1 (MLP-1), complete cds15701F, G1645NM_017220Rattus norvegicus mRNA for multidrugresistance-associated protein (MRP)-likeprotein-2 (MLP-2), complete cds15755A, K1718NM_022960Rattus norvegicus neutral solute channelaquaporin 9 (AQP9) mRNA, completecds15778E1726NM_024163Rattus norvegicus brain-enrichedguanylate kinase-associated protein 1mRNA, complete cds15786B, Q575AI013924ESTs15834B, E286AA900580OxidativeHHs:NADHESTs, Moderately similar to NADH-phosphorylation,dehydrogenaseubiquinone oxidoreductase B14.5BUbiquinone(ubiquinone) 1,subunit [H. sapiens]biosynthesissubcomplex unknown, 2(14.5kD, B14.5b)15860D738AI102868ESTs, Weakly similar to phosphoserineaminotransferase [H. sapiens]15861C, D738AI102868ESTs, Weakly similar to phosphoserineaminotransferase [H. sapiens]15862A, C, D1126AI230228ESTs, Weakly similar to phosphoserineaminotransferase [H. sapiens]15884A, Q185AA866276ESTs15888K199AA875225Rat guanine nucleotide-bindingprotein G i, alpha subunit mRNA,complete cds15892A, F1074AI179988ESTs15900A, C, D1202AI233262ESTs15914F451AA997711ESTs15933A200AA875253R. norvegicus ARL1 mRNA forARF-like protein 115955A, K, L1175AI232294ESTs15959E, L972AI176540ESTs15961P550AI012130ESTs15980H186AA866426ESTs15987K187AA866435EST16006A, F497AF062594Rattus norvegicus nucleosomeassembly protein mRNA, complete cds16023G225AA891872Nicotinate andNicotinamide nucleotideESTs, Highly similar to NAD(P) +nicotinamidetranshydrogenasetranshydrogenase [M. musculus]metabolism(NAD(P) +transhydrogenase)16053L1091AI228596ESTs, Weakly similar to weaklysimilar to gastrula zinc finger protein[C. elegans]16080A, J, Q1547NM_012580Porphyrin andHeme oxygenaseHeme oxygenasechlorophyllmetabolism16081A, J, Q1067AI179610Porphyrin andHeme oxygenaseHeme oxygenasechlorophyllmetabolism16085A, C, D189AA874889ESTs16087L1145AI231011ESTs16124K994AI176963ESTs, Weakly similar to melanocyte-specific gene 1 protein [R. norvegicus]16125Q503AF090134Rattus norvegicus lin-7-Ba mRNA,complete cds16134A, H265AA893485Rattus norvegicus clone BB.1.4.1unknown Glu-Pro dipeptide repeatprotein mRNA, complete cds16167E191AA874941ESTs, Moderately similar to adipophilin[H. sapiens]16169E598AI030932ESTs, Moderately similar to adipophilin[H. sapiens]16172A1179AI232341ESTs, Weakly similar to C13B9.2[C. elegans]16173M, P408AA957003Rattus norvegicus intercellular calcium-binding protein (MRP8) mRNA,complete cds16190A, S757AI104482ESTs, Weakly similar to ECHM_RATENOYL-COA HYDRATASE,MITOCHONDRIAL PRECURSOR[R. norvegicus]16205L1488X06423Rat mRNA for ribosomal protein S816215H192AA874999ESTs, Moderately similar toAF133910_1 ARL-6 interactingprotein-3 [M. musculus]16219G1557NM_012656Secreted acidicSecreted acidic cystein-richcystein-richglycoprotein (osteonectin)glycoprotein(osteonectin)16240M166AA859342ESTs, Moderately similar toDHB2_RAT ESTRADIOL 17 BETA-DEHYDROGENASE 2 [R. norvegicus]16251E, Q347AA944077Solute carrier familyRat brain glucose-transporter protein2 a 1 (facilitatedmRNA, complete cdsglucose transporter)brain16278E, K1338D38381Fatty acidHsp:CYTOCHROMER. norvegicus CYP3 mRNAmetabolism,P450 3A18Tryptophanmetabolism16283O1667NM_019229solute carriersolute carrier family 12, member 4family 12, member 416312A193AA875032ESTs16314A167AA859348ESTs16317B194AA875041ESTs, Moderately similar toAF123655_1 FEZ1 [H. sapiens]16318J174AA859648ESTs, Weakly similar to DnaJhomolog 2 [R. norvegicus]16319K195AA875047ESTs, Highly similar toTCPZ_MOUSE TCOMPLEX PROTEIN 1, ZETASUBUNIT [M. musculus]16321C1157AI231506ESTs16323S184AA866240EST16324A722AI102009ESTs16327A, O196AA875050ESTs, Weakly similar tocholine/ethanolamine kinase[R. norvegicus]16361H1442U01344Hsp:ARYLAMINE N-Rattus norvegicus clone A-2ACETYLTRANSFERASE 1arylamine N acetyltransferase mRNA,complete cds16364A, H235AA892251R. norvegicus mRNA for V1a argininevasopressin receptor16366P250AA892888EST16367P250AA892888EST16408F145AA852027ESTs16409S145AA852027ESTs16438I958AI176294ESTs, Highly similar toSMD2_HUMAN SMALL NUCLEARRIBONUCLEOPROTEIN SM D2[H. sapiens]16446A214AA891423ESTs16449H1669NM_019238Sterolfarnesyl diphosphatefarnesyl diphosphate farnesylbiosynthesisfarnesyltransferase 1transferase 116458B, Q362AA944956ESTs16477Q983AI176701Rat low molecular weight fatty acidbinding protein mRNA, complete cds16513C118AA848782ESTs, Moderately similar tohypothetical protein [M. musculus]16518D973AI176546ESTs, Weakly similar to HS9B_RATHEAT SHOCK PROTEIN HSP90-BETA [R. norvegicus]16519P1539NM_012532Porphyrin andCeruloplasminCeruloplasmin (ferroxidase)chlorophyll(ferroxidase)metabolism16524H1362H33219ESTs16562E, N904AI171630Rattus norvegicus p38 mitogenactivated protein kinase mRNA,complete cds16566H1131AI230395Rattus norvegicus mRNA for TIP120,complete cds16610I1333D28557Rattus norvegicus muscle Y-box proteinYB2 mRNA, complete cds16616R1230AI234079ESTs16618C837AI168967ESTs16623E1150AI231196ESTs16649I1606NM_013132Annexin VAnnexin V16650I1606NM_013132Annexin VAnnexin V16654I1522X98517R. norvegicus mRNA for macrophagemetalloelastase (MME)16673R759AI104608ESTs16680A436AA965190ESTs16683I1596NM_013052TyrosineTyrosine 3-monooxygenase/tryptophan3-monooxygenase/tryptophan5-monooxygenase activation protein, eta5-monooxygenasepolypeptideactivation protein,eta polypeptide16684I, O1596NM_013052TyrosineTyrosine 3-monooxygenase/tryptophan3-monooxygenase/tryptophan5-monooxygenase activation protein, eta5-monooxygenasepolypeptideactivation protein,eta polypeptide16688L870AI170327ESTs16700A, E, S517AI008838ESTs, Weakly similar toLONN_HUMANMITOCHONDRIAL LON PROTEASEHOMOLOG PRECURSOR[H. sapiens]16701A517AI008838ESTs, Weakly similar toLONN_HUMANMITOCHONDRIAL LON PROTEASEHOMOLOG PRECURSOR[H. sapiens]16703A, C, O1060AI179300ESTs, Weakly similar toLONN_HUMANMITOCHONDRIAL LON PROTEASEHOMOLOG PRECURSOR[H. sapiens]16704S4AA686132ESTs, Weakly similar toLONN_HUMANMITOCHONDRIAL LON PROTEASEHOMOLOG PRECURSOR[H. sapiens]16726A1427M86235Fructose andHsp:KETOHEXOKINASERat ketohexokinase mRNA, completemannosecdsmetabolism16728H1020AI177885ESTs16730A, I23AA799766ESTs, Moderately similar toJTV1_HUMAN JTV-1 PROTEIN[H. sapiens]16747L336AA943131ESTs16756C, D52AA818089ESTs, Highly similar to glycyl-tRNAsynthetase [H. sapiens]16765A632AI058319ESTs16766A682AI072137ESTs16768N1331D16478ButanoateHHs:hydroxyacyl-Coenzyme ARat mRNA for mitochondrialmetabolism,dehydrogenase/long-chain enoyl-CoA hydratase/Fatty3-ketoacyl-Coenzyme3-hydroxyacyl-CoA dehydrogenaseacidA thiolase/enoyl-Coenzyme Aalpha-subunit of mitochondrialbiosynthesishydratase (trifunctionaltrifunctional protein, complete cds(path 2),protein), alphaFatty acidsubunitmetabolism,Lysinedegradation,Propanoatemetabolism,Tryptophanmetabolism,Valine,leucine andisoleucinedegradation, beta-Alaninemetabolism16780E, K1510X62660ESTs, Highly similar to glutathionetransferase [R. norvegicus]16783L, O553AI012215ESTs, Weakly similar to nonmusclemyosin heavy chain-A [R. norvegicus]16809B, O, Q1503X58828Hsp:PROTEIN-TYROSINERat PTP-S mRNA for protein-tyrosinePHOSPHATASE,phosphataseNON-RECEPTORTYPE 216825J245AA892602ESTs16854I188AA866454Rat alpha-2(I) promoter16859A, C, N1283AI236753ESTs16871H1583NM_012887ThymopoietinThymopoietin (lamina associated(lamina associatedpolypeptide 2)polypeptide 2)16879A, E, F848AI169284ESTs16883A, C, D, I446AA997345ESTs, Weakly similar to nitrilasehomolog 1 [M. musculus]16884B, E754AI103758Arginine andHHs:aldehydeRattus norvegicus 4-prolinedehydrogenase 9trimethylaminobutyraldehydemetabolism,(gamma-aminobutyraldehydedehydrogenase (Tmabadh) mRNA,Ascorbate anddehydrogenase,complete cdsaldarateE3 isozyme)metabolism, Bileacid biosynthesis,Butanoatemetabolism,Fatty acidmetabolism,Glycerolipidmetabolism,Histidinemetabolism,Lysinedegradation,Propanoatemetabolism,Pyruvatemetabolism,Tryptophanmetabolism16885A, B, E, Q773AI105188Arginine andHHs:aldehydeRattus norvegicus 4-prolinedehydrogenase 9trimethylaminobutyraldehydemetabolism,(gamma-aminobutyraldehydedehydrogenase (Tmabadh) mRNA,Ascorbate anddehydrogenase,complete cdsaldarateE3 isozyme)metabolism, Bileacid biosynthesis,Butanoatemetabolism,Fatty acidmetabolism,Glycerolipidmetabolism,Histidinemetabolism,Lysinedegradation,Propanoatemetabolism,Pyruvatemetabolism,Tryptophanmetabolism16894O144AA852018ESTs, Moderately similar toAF097362_1 gamma-interferon inducible lysosomal thiolreductase [H. sapiens]16944S320AA925541ESTs, Highly similar to protein L[M. musculus]16945S320AA925541ESTs, Highly similar to protein L[M. musculus]16947E1572NM_012793Arginine andGuanidinoacetateGuanidinoacetate methyltransferaseprolinemethyltransferasemetabolism,Glycine, serineand threoninemetabolism,Urea cycle andmetabolism ofamino groups16958G92AA819021EST16961P1058AI179236ESTs16982A1608NM_013144Insulin-like growthInsulin-like growth factor bindingfactor binding proteinprotein 1116993A14AA799560ESTs17027A, E877AI170679GalactoseHHs:UDP-glucoseESTs, Highly similar toUDP1_HUMANmetabolism,pyrophosphorylaseUTP-GLUCOSE-1-PHOSPHATENucleotide2URIDYLYLTRANSFERASE 1sugars[H. sapiens]metabolism,Pentose andglucuronateinterconversions,Starch andsucrosemetabolism17049A929AI172417ESTs, Weakly similar to Similarity toB. subtilis YQJC protein [C. elegans]17064I1660NM_019170Prostaglandin andcarbonyl reductasecarbonyl reductaseleukotrienemetabolism17090G, K1474U73174GlutamateHHs:glutathione reductaseRattus norvegicus glutathione reductasemetabolism,mRNA, complete cdsGlutathionemetabolism17091G, K1474U73174GlutamateHHs:glutathione reductaseRattus norvegicus glutathione reductasemetabolism,mRNA, complete cdsGlutathionemetabolism17092K259AA893189GlutamateHHs:glutathione reductaseRattus norvegicus glutathione reductasemetabolism,mRNA, complete cdsGlutathionemetabolism17107E1638NM_017160ribosomal protein S6ribosomal protein S617117K1085AI228042ESTs, Weakly similar to AC007080_2NG38 [M. musculus]17154A1407M15883Rat clathrin light chain (LCB2) mRNA,complete cds, Rat clathrin light chain(LCB3) mRNA, complete cds17157I326AA926129ESTs, Highly similar to AF168795_1schlafen-4 [R. norvegicus]17158H1699NM_022298Rat mRNA encoding alpha-tubulin17167M566AI013690ESTs17175A1501X58389R. norvegicus ASI mRNA formammalian equivalent of bacterial largeribosomal subunit protein L2217225A, I215AA891553ESTs, Highly similar to eIF3 p66[M. musculus]17256A219AA891739ESTs, Weakly similar to p60 protein[R. norvegicus]17257E, R1568NM_012766Cyclin D3Cyclin D317258P1568NM_012766Cyclin D3Cyclin D317261R1568NM_012766Cyclin D3Cyclin D317277B, P, Q523AI009338Rattus norvegicus glycine-, glutamate-,thienylcyclohexylpiperidine-bindingprotein mRNA, complete cds17281M, P1450U10697Hsp:LIVERR. norvegicus mRNA forCARBOXYLESTERASE 4pl esterase (ES-4)PRECURSOR17291E931AI172491Citrate cycleHHs:isocitrateESTs, Weakly similar to IDHC_RAT(TCA cycle),dehydrogenase 2ISOCITRATE DEHYDROGENASEGlutathione(NADP+), mitochondrial[R. norvegicus]metabolism17324A1686NM_021593Rattus norvegicus kynurenine 3-hydroxylase mRNA, complete cds17334A151AA858704ESTs, Highly similar to responsible forhereditary multiple exotosis[M. musculus]17335A732AI102634ESTs, Weakly similar to W06B4.2[C. elegans]17337J472AB000717MethionineHHs:methionineESTsmetabolism,adenosyltransferase II,Selenoaminoalphaacidmetabolism17339A123AA849497ESTs17340A, E507AI007803Rattus norvegicus ERM-bindingphosphoprotein mRNA, complete cds17368E, R284AA900548ESTs17369C, I, P812AI137572ESTs17377A1491X13058Tumor proteinRat mRNA for nuclear oncoprotein p53p53 (Li-Fraumenisyndrome)17393A, O1377J04943Nucleoplasmin-relatedNucleoplasmin-related protein (Nuclearprotein (Nuclearprotein B23protein B2317400E744AI103097ESTs, Highly similar toATPK_MOUSEATP SYNTHASE F CHAIN,MITOCHONDRIAL [M. musculus]17401A1595NM_013043Transforming growthTransforming growth factor betafactor betastimulated clone 22stimulated clone 2217451E806AI137356ESTs, Highly similar toDHYS_HUMANDEOXYHYPUSINE SYNTHASE[H. sapiens]17479R827AI145385ESTs17481E1529Z49761R. norvegicus mRNA for RT1.Ma17496A325AA926109ESTs17500I, P1713NM_022866Rattus norvegicus sodium-dependenthigh-affinity dicarboxylate transporter(NADC3) mRNA, complete cds17506L649AI070068ESTs17516O1739NM_017321iron-responsiveiron-responsive element-binding proteinelement-binding protein17524A539AI010568ESTs17541G, K1580NM_012844Epoxide hydrolase 1Epoxide hydrolase 1 (microsomal(microsomalxenobiotic hydrolase)xenobiotic hydrolase)17571H, I1276AI236484Rattus norvegicus mRNA for hnRNPprotein, partial17572E71AA818524Rattus norvegicus mRNA for hnRNPprotein, partial17589A248AA892851ESTs17590F248AA892851ESTs17591A898AI171354ESTs17613O10AA799511ESTs17617E1269AI236301ESTs, Weakly similar to FKB1_RATFK506-BINDING PROTEIN[R. norvegicus]17644R293AA924036ESTs17664B, Q1238AI234496ESTs17672N1123AI230074OxidativeHMm:NADH ubiquinoneESTs, Highly similar toNIMM_MOUSEphosphorylation,oxidoreductase subunitNADH-UBIQUINONEUbiquinoneMWFEOXIDOREDUCTASE MWFEbiosynthesisSUBUNIT [M. musculus]17677E683AI072246ESTs17683N700AI073257ESTs17684G236AA892345Rat mRNA for dimethylglycinedehydrogenase (EC number 1.5.99.2)17685K797AI113055EST17687C12AA799531ESTs, Weakly similar to predicted usingGenefinder [C. elegans]17688A12AA799531ESTs, Weakly similar to predicted usingGenefinder [C. elegans]17695N1192AI232784ESTs, Weakly similar to putativeperoxisomal 2,4-dienoyl-CoA reductase[R. norvegicus]17699O135AA851233ESTs, Weakly similar to NG28[M. musculus]17709A1456U24489Tenascin XTenascin X17730G1709NM_022697Rat mRNA for ribosomal protein L2817734C, D466AA998683ESTs, Rattus norvegicus heat shockprotein 27 (hsp 27) gene, complete cds17735C, D, J981AI176658ESTs, Rattus norvegicus heat shockprotein 27 (hsp 27) gene, complete cds17736C, D1428M86389ESTs, Rattus norvegicus heat shockprotein 27 (hsp 27) gene, complete cds17747E1236AI234223ESTs, Highly similar to cellularapoptosis susceptibility protein[H. sapiens]17753J748AI103246ESTs, Highly similar to S65568CCAAT-binding factor CBF2-mouse[M. musculus]17754I261AA893246ESTs, Highly similar to vacuolar H-ATPase subunit D [H. sapiens]17758G1645NM_017220ButanoateHHs:enoyl-Coenzyme A,Rat peroxisomal enoyl-CoA:metabolism,hydratase/3-hydrotase-3 hydroxyacyl-CoAFattyhydroxyacyl Coenzyme Abifunctional enzyme mRNA,aciddehydrogenasecomplete cdsbiosynthesis(path 2),Fatty acidmetabolism,Lysinedegradation,Propanoatemetabolism,Tryptophanmetabolism,Valine,leucine andisoleucinedegradation, beta-Alaninemetabolism17768B774AI105196ESTs17785N1534NM_012501Apolipoprotein C-IIIApolipoprotein C-III17788K271AA899045Esterase D/formylglutathioneESTs, Highly similar to sid478phydrolase[M. musculus]17794E, N772AI105184CyanoaminoHHs:serineESTSacidhydroxymethyltransferase 1metabolism,(soluble)Glycine,serineand threoninemetabolism,Lysinedegradation,Methanemetabolism,One carbon poolby folate17800N262AA893436ESTs17809B5AA686461Rat ribosomal protein L30 mRNA,complete cds17812A, E841AI169075GlutathioneHMm:glutathioneESTsmetabolism,transferase zeta 1Tyrosine(maleylacetoacetate isomerase)metabolism17819A891AI171095ESTs, Highly similar to unknown[H. sapiens]17844A, E398AA955927ESTs17847A1025AI178214ESTs17850A734AI102750ESTs, Weakly similar toTCPA_RAT T-COMPLEX PROTEIN 1, ALPHASUBUNIT [R. norvegicus]17854Q1490X13016Rat mRNA for MRC OX-45 surfaceantigen17894E, F1594NM_013027Selenoprotein W muscle 1Selenoprotein W muscle 117908A, J1670NM_019242interferon-relatedinterferon-related developmentaldevelopmentalregulator 1regulator 117935S289AA901006Rattus norvegicus membrane interactingprotein of RGS16 (Mir16) mRNA,complete cds17950Q1278AI236590myeloid differentiationESTsprimaryresponse gene 8817955L590AI030069ESTs17956I427AA964379adaptor-related proteinadaptor-related protein complex AP-1,complex AP-1,beta 1 subunitbeta 1 subunit17982A1727NM_017010Glutamate receptor,Glutamate receptor, ionotropic,ionotropic, N-N-methyl D-aspartate 1, RatN-methyl-D-aspartatemethyl D-aspartate 1receptor (NMDAR1) gene, first exon18001A149AA858573ESTs, Highly similar to SP24_RATSECRETED PHOSPHOPROTEIN 24[R. norvegicus],Rattus norvegicus spp-24precursor mRNA, partial cds18002A, D, E600AI043655ESTs, Highly similar to SP24_RATSECRETED PHOSPHOPROTEIN 24[R. norvegicus],Rattus norvegicus spp-24precursor mRNA, partial cds18028G1337D38062Rattus norvegicus UDP-glucuronosyltransferase UGT1A7mRNA, complete cds18029S1418M38759Sex hormone bindingSex hormone binding globulin orglobulin orandrogen-binding proteinandrogen-bindingprotein18043J487AF020618Rattus norvegicus progression elevatedgene 3 protein mRNA, complete cds18046I500AF072892Rattus norvegicus versican V0 isoformmRNA, partial cds, Rattus norvegicusversican V3 isoform precursor, mRNA,complete cds18082S478AB010429R. norvegicus mRNA for mitochondrialvery-long-chain acyl-CoA thioesterase18083S1524Y09333Hsp:ACYL COENZYMER. norvegicus mRNA for mitochondrialA THIOESTERvery-long-chain acyl-CoA thioesteraseHYDROLASE,MITOCHONDRIALPRECURSOR18099G1604NM_013119ESTs, Highly similar to A60054 sodiumchannel protein IIIb, long form-rat[R. norvegicus]18107I1717NM_022949R. norvegicus mRNA for ribosomalprotein L1418109A1577NM_012823Annexin IIIESTs, Weakly similar to LURT3(Lipocortin III)annexin III - rat [R. norvegicus]18115A31AA800339ESTs18125S515AI008787ESTs18136H737AI102820ESTs18141O1014AI177413ATP synthaseATP synthase subunit d, ESTs, Weaklysubunit dsimilar to myo-inositol-1-phosphatesynthase [D. melanogaster]18203P1584NM_012891ESTs, Highly similar to ACDV_RATACYL-COA DEHYDROGENASE,VERY-LONG-CHAIN SPECIFIC,MITOCHONDRIAL PRECURSOR[R. norvegicus]18235L758AI104523ESTs18237Q1065AI179539ESTs, Highly similar to CDC45L[M. musculus]18259J1280AI236601ESTs18272B6AA799294ESTs, Moderately similar to KIAA0740protein [H. sapiens]18280L384AA946361ESTs, Highly similar to Ring3[M. musculus]18285R341AA943791ESTs18316K499AF072411Rattus norvegicus FAT mRNA,complete cds18318S385AA946368Rattus norvegicus FAT mRNA,complete cds18323E556AI012498ESTs18349J22AA799744ESTs18369G19AA799645Rattus norvegicus phospholemmanchloride channel mRNA, complete cds18389A, B, Q9AA799498Brain natriureticRattus norvegicus brain natriureticfactorpeptide (BNP) mRNA, complete cds18390A, E128AA850038ESTs18418C969AI176483ESTs18452A1630NM_017074CysteineCTL targetCTL target antigenmetabolism,antigenMethioninemetabolism,Nitrogenmetabolism,Selenoamino acidmetabolism18453A1630NM_017074CysteineCTL targetCTL target antigenmetabolism,antigenMethioninemetabolism,Nitrogenmetabolism,Selenoamino acidmetabolism18465B, Q1077AI180187ESTs18473K838AI168975ESTs18482H1311AI639151ESTs, Highly similar to pinin[H. sapiens]18484L1249AI235349ESTs, Highly similar to KIAA0184[H. sapiens]18495B1307AI639042ESTs18501J1414M31178Rat calbindin D28 mRNA, complete cds18522A, E830AI145870ESTs18529B, Q1136AI230716ESTs18580M, P142AA851963ESTs18584H216AA891694ESTs18588E276AA899635ESTs, Moderately similar to 2020285ABRG1 protein [M. musculus]18597A481AB013732NucleotideHMm:UDP-glucoseRattus norvegicus mRNA for UDP-sugarsdehydrogenaseglucose dehydrogeanse, complete cdsmetabolism,Pentose andglucuronateinterconversions,Starch andsucrosemetabolism18604N1292AI237124ESTs18606A1497X53504ESTs, Highly similar toRL12_RAT 60SRIBOSOMAL PROTEIN L12[R. norvegicus]18612E, O1092AI228624ESTs, Highly similar toRL23_HUMAN60S RIBOSOMAL PROTEIN L23[R. norvegicus]18647E1435S69316ESTs, Weakly similar to HS9B_RATHEAT SHOCK PROTEIN HSP90-BETA [R. norvegicus]18660A894AI171262cyclin G2ESTs18661A376AA945751ESTs18685L453AA997746Fatty aciddodecenoyl-Coenzymedodecenoyl-Coenzyme A deltametabolismA deltaisomerase (3,2 trans-enoyl-Coenyme Aisomerase (3,2isomerase)trans-enoyl-Coenyme Aisomerase)18705I1732NM_020103Ly6-C antigen geneLy6-C antigen gene18727S1685NM_021577Alanine andHHs:argininosuccinateRat mRNA for argininosuccinate lyase,aspartatelyasecomplete cdsmetabolism,Arginine andprolinemetabolism,Ureacycle andmetabolism ofamino groups18742O, S769AI105131ESTs, Highly similar to AF189764_1alpha/beta hydrolase-1 [M. musculus]18746S900AI171506PyruvateMalic enzyme 1,Malic enzyme 1, solublemetabolismsoluble18747S1550NM_012600PyruvateMalic enzyme 1,Malic enzyme 1, solublemetabolismsoluble18749S1550NM_012600PyruvateMalic enzyme 1,Malic enzyme 1, solublemetabolismsoluble18755C, D1279AI236599ESTs18783N1282AI236746ESTs18792A662AI071177ESTs18795N1483U95001ESTs18796A45AA817761ESTs18829H84AA818796ESTs18837G901AI171583ESTs, Moderately similar toPLTP_MOUSE PHOSPHOLIPIDTRANSFER PROTEIN PRECURSOR[M. musculus]18854A1300AI237636ESTs, Weakly similar to N-copine[M. musculus]18860A, K861AI169695Rattus norvegicus mRNA forhydroxysteroid sulfotransferase subunit,complete cds18861A1329D14989Androgen andHsp:ALCOHOLRattus norvegicus mRNA forestrogenSULFOTRANSFERASEhydroxysteroid sulfotransferase subunit,metabolism,complete cdsSulfurmetabolism18867A1348D88250Rattus norvegicus mRNA for serineprotease, complete cds18877O686AI072393ESTs18885R583AI029827ESTs, Highly similar to AF157028_1protein phosphatase methylesterase-1[H. sapiens]18886R340AA943785ESTs, ESTs, Highly similar toAF157028_1 protein phosphatasemethylesterase-1 [H. sapiens]18890B, P, S280AA899964ESTs18891B, Q, S303AA924598ESTs18900F1214AI233570ESTs, Highly similar toPSD8_HUMAN26S PROTEASOME REGULATORYSUBUNIT S14 [H. sapiens]18905E883AI170770OxidativeHHs:NADHESTs, Highly similar to NADH-phosphorylation,dehydrogenaseubiquinone oxidoreductase NDUFS2Ubiquinone(ubiquinone) Fe—Ssubunit [H. sapiens]biosynthesisprotein 2 (49kD)(NADH-coenzyme Q reductase)18906A, K243AA892561ESTs, Moderately similar to PTD012[H. sapiens]18908A122AA849426ESTs18909A122AA849426ESTs18910A1182AI232419ESTs18956S1631NM_017075Bile acidAcetyl-Co AAcetyl-Co A acetyltransferase 1,biosynthesis,acetyltransferase 1,mitochondrialButanoatemitochondrialmetabolism, Fattyacidbiosynthesis(path 2),Fatty acidmetabolism,Lysinedegradation,Propanoatemetabolism,Pyruvate metabolism,Synthesis anddegradationof ketone bodies,Tryptophanmetabolism18960A1004AI177103ESTs18962R574AI013918Rattus norvegicus TM6P1 (TM6P1)mRNA, complete cds18974M319AA925384EST18981H11AA799523ESTs, Moderately similar to hnRNPprotein [R. norvegicus]18990G1438S72506GlutathioneGlutathione-S-transferase,Glutathione-S-transferase, alpha typemetabolismalpha type(Yc?)(Yc?)18996N1027AI178326ESTs19012J, K918AI172056ESTs19040I1374J03627Rat S-100 related protein mRNA,complete cds, clone 42C19043F130AA850378ESTs, Highly similar to methyl-CpGbinding protein MBD2 [M. musculus]19044S386AA946379ESTs, Highly similar to methyl-CpGbinding protein MBD2 [M. musculus]19052E, R1253AI235675ESTs19053K1327D12770Rattus norvegicus mRNA formitochondrial adenine nucleotidetranslocator19069A, L339AA943737ESTs19073F34AA800576ESTs19075B, J1275AI236473ESTs, Moderately similar to cysteine-rich hydrophobic 1 [M. musculus]19085A, J244AA892598ESTs19086A, J244AA892598ESTs19103A36AA800797ESTs19105E162AA859230ESTs, Highly similar toHG14_MOUSENONHISTONE CHROMOSOMALPROTEIN HMG-14 [M. musculus]19121P608AI044101ESTs19150C8AA799461ESTs19158B140AA851953ESTs, Moderately similar tohypothetical protein [H. sapiens]19184J1022AI178025ESTs, Highly similar to TGIF_MOUSE5′-TG-3′ INTERACTING FACTOR[M. musculus]19211N136AA851329ESTs19230R646AI059604ESTs19241I1666NM_019206Serine/threonineSerine/threonine kinase 10kinase 1019252NNM_019382anti-oxidant protein 2anti-oxidant protein 219255K1406M15562Rat (diabetic BB) MHC class II alphachain RT1.D alpha (u)19256K1406M15562Rat (diabetic BB) MHC class II alphachain RT1.D alpha (u)19258O287AA900613ESTs19261O741AI102943ESTs19264C, D, R743AI103078ESTs19292K445AA997323EST19298A, D, I1272AI236338ESTs, Weakly similar to NHPX_RATNHP2/RS6 FAMILY PROTEINYEL026W HOMOLOG [R. norvegicus]19315E1144AI231010EST19363A, F954AI176247ESTs, Moderately similar to unnamedprotein product [H. sapiens]19373N1684NM_021266Hyaluronan mediatedHyaluronan mediated motility receptormotility receptor(RHAMM)(RHAMM)19377I180AA859971ESTs, Moderately similar to RL3_RAT60S RIBOSOMAL PROTEIN L3[R. norvegicus]19388F206AA891032EST19392M1592NM_012998ArginineProtein disulfideProtein disulfide isomerase (Prolyl 4-andisomerase (Prolyl 4-hydroxylase, beta polypeptide)prolinehydroxylase, betametabolism,polypeptide)Biosynthesisanddegradation ofglycoprotein19410B, Q268AA893667ESTs, Moderately similar toAC006978_1 supported by human androdent ESTs [H. sapiens]19411M, P268AA893667ESTs, Moderately similar toAC006978_1 supported by human androdent ESTs [H. sapiens]19412B, Q120AA849222ESTs, Moderately similar toAC006978_1 supported by human androdent ESTs [H. sapiens]19444P309AA924993ESTs19458E462AA998345EST19465K630AI045881EST19469A, P231AA892112ESTs, Weakly similar to prolinedehydrogenase [M. musculus]19470A1203AI233266ESTs, Weakly similar to prolinedehydrogenase [M. musculus]19476O1188AI232612ESTs19503P116AA848639ESTs, Moderately similar to vascularendothelial growth factor D[M. musculus]19508A1114AI229698EST19512M855AI169612Rattus norvegicus adipocytelipid-binding protein (ALBP) mRNA,complete cds19513R1100AI229035ESTs19566E112AA819879ESTs, Highly similar to ATP bindingprotein [H. sapiens]19591S559AI012747ESTs19605E, L97AA819172EST19641J663AI071181EST19650H486AF016387ESTs, Rattus norvegicus retinoid Xreceptor gamma (RXRgamma) mRNA,partial cds19669R1740NM_022944Rattus norvegicus mRNA for SH2-containing inositol phosphatase 2(SHIP2), complete cds19671B, Q1656NM_017309protein phospatase 3,protein phospatase 3, regulatory subunitregulatoryB, alpha isoform (calcineurin B, type I)subunit B, alphaisoform (calcineurin B,type I)19678A1733NM_021653Thyroxine deiodinase,Rat mRNA for type I thyroxinetype Ideiodinase19679A1733NM_021653Thyroxine deiodinase,Rat mRNA for type I thyroxinetype Ideiodinase19715M1662NM_019190membrane cofactormembrane cofactor proteinprotein19728O872AI170394ESTs19729A87AA818910ESTs19732A, G1262AI236066ESTs19762R272AA899113EST19768I237AA892373ESTs19787H1304AI638994ESTs19824O1688NM_021750Taurine andHHs:cysteine sulfinic acidRattus norvegicus brain mRNA forhypotaurinedecarboxylase-relatedcysteine-sulfinate decarboxylasemetabolismprotein 219825O1688NM_021750Taurine andHHs:cysteine sulfinic acidRattus norvegicus brain mRNA forhypotaurinedecarboxylase-relatedcysteine-sulfinate decarboxylasemetabolismprotein 219830A853AI169529ESTs, Weakly similar to 3O5B_RAT3-OXO-5-BETA-STEROID 4-DEHYDROGENASE [R. norvegicus]19843A1308AI639055EST19909A1315AI639310EST19940C1254AI235689ESTs, Moderately similar to pescadillo[H. sapiens]19952A1310AI639108ESTs20016B1312AI639158ESTs, Moderately similar todJ967N21.3 [H. sapiens]20035A1689NM_021754Rattus norvegicus Nopp140 associatedprotein (NAP65) mRNA, complete cds20038S278AA899797EST20041K787AI112161ESTs20063E, L313AA925063ESTs, Highly similar to R32184_3[H. sapiens]20082C1316AI639488EST, Highly similar to A42772 mdm2protein - rat [R. norvegicus]20088A246AA892666ESTs20090R1690NM_021757Rattus norvegicus pleiotropicregulator 1 (PLRG1) mRNA,complete cds20119P1033AI178533EST, Moderately similar toTNFC_MOUSE LYMPHOTOXIN-BETA [M. musculus]20134P1692NM_021852Rattus norvegicus EH domain bindingprotein epsin 2 mRNA, complete cds20161A, B1691NM_021836R. norvegicus pJunB gene20200M1693NM_022194Rat interleukin 1 receptor antagonistgene, complete cds20282H1648NM_017274Glycerolipid metabolismglycerol-3-phosphateglycerol-3-phosphate acyltransferase,acyltransferase,mitochondrialmitochondrial20299A, D1694NM_022220Rattus norvegicus gene for L-gulono-gamma-lactone oxidase20350L, Q1186AI232552EST20354B, N, Q1404M14369K-kininogen, differentialK-kininogen, differential splicingsplicing leads toleads to HMW KngkHMW Kngk20380E, G1330D16102Glycerolipid metabolismglycerol kinaseRattus norvegicus mRNA for ATP-stimulated glucocorticoid-receptortranslocaton promoter, complete cds20397A, E1151AI231226ESTs, Moderately similar toSYM_HUMAN MENTHIONYL-TRNA SYNTHETASE [H. sapiens]20449A, C, I1494X17053Small inducible gene JERattus norvegicus JE/MCP-1 mRNA,complete cds20456A, C1355H31144ESTs20502A, F370AA945533Rattus norvegicus mRNA for organicanion transporting polypeptide 4(slc21a10 gene)20503A, C, E864AI169779Rattus norvegicus mRNA for organicanion transporting polypeptide 4(slc21a10 gene)20513A1554NM_012624Glycolysis/Pyruvate kinase, liverPyruvate kinase, liver and RBCGluconeogenesis, Purineand RBCmetabolism, Pyruvatemetabolism20522P224AA891842ESTS, Moderately similar topodocalyxin [R. norvegicus]20523C, P224AA891842ESTS, Moderately similar topodocalyxin [R. norvegicus]20529F, M, P1644NM_017208lipopolysaccharidelipopolysaccharide binding proteinbinding protein20555G1458U26033Rattus norvegicus carnitineoctanoyltransferase mRNA, completecds20579O1654NM_017288sodium channel, voltage-sodium channel, voltage-gated, type I,gated, type I,beta polypeptidebeta polypeptide20589I1553NM_012618Protein 9 Ka homologousProtein 9 Ka homologous to calcium-to calcium-bindingbinding proteinprotein20597S1489X12459Alanine and aspartateArginosuccinateArginosuccinate synthetase 1metabolism, Arginine andsynthetase 1proline metabolism, Ureacycle and metabolism ofamino groups20644I996AI176990ESTs, Highly similar toSRPR_HUMANSIGNAL RECOGNITION PARTICLERECEPTOR ALPHA SUBUNIT[H. sapiens]20651P1460U36992Cytochrom P450Cytochrom P45020684C1361H32977ESTs20694A442AA997048ESTs20698N1519X86561Rat alpha-fibrinogen mRNA, 3' end20701A, B, F, Q197AA875097Rat alpha-fibrinogen mRNA, 3' end20705A, D1541NM_012541Fatty acidCytochrome P450,Cytochrome P450, subfamily Imetabolism, Tryptophansubfamily I (aromatic(aromatic compound-inducible),metabolismcompound-inducible),member A2 (Q42, form d)member A2 (Q42, form d)20707A, D, K1481U88036Rattus norvegicus brain digoxin carrierprotein mRNA, complete cds20708C, F476AB006461Rattus norvegicus mRNA forNORBIN, complete cds20711E, K1622NM_016999Fatty acid metabolism,Cytochrome P450,Cytochrome P450, subfamily IVB,Tryptophan metabolismsubfamily IVB,polypeptide 1polypeptide 120713K1622NM_016999Fatty acid metabolism,Cytochrome P450,Cytochrome P450, subfamily IVB,Tryptophan metabolismsubfamily IVB,polypeptide 1polypeptide 120714K1622NM_016999Fatty acid metabolism,Cytochrome P450,Cytochrome P450, subfamily IVB,Tryptophan metabolismsubfamily IVB,polypeptide 1polypeptide 120715E, N1622NM_016999Fatty acid metabolism,Cytochrome P450,Cytochrome P450, subfamily IVB,Tryptophan metabolismsubfamily IVB,polypeptide 1polypeptide 120734A1672NM_019283antigen identified byantigen identified by monoclonalmonoclonal antibodies 4F2antibodies 4F220735A, C, D1672NM_019283antigen identified byantigen identified by monoclonalmonoclonal antibodies 4F2antibodies 4F220741F502AF084186R. norvegicus mRNA for alpha IIspectrin20744K1545NM_012571Alanine and aspartateGlutamic-oxaloaceticGlutamic-oxaloacetic transaminase 1,metabolism, Arginine andtransaminase 1, solublesoluble (aspartate aminotransferase,proline metabolism,(aspartate aminotransferase,cytosolic) see also D1Mgh12Cysteine metabolism,cytosolic) see alsoGlutamate metabolism,D1Mgh12Phenylalanine metabolism,Phenylalanine, tyrosine andtryptophan biosynthesis,Tyrosine metabolism20755I1587NM_012923Cyclin G1Cyclin G120757A1587NM_012923Cyclin G1Cyclin G120772A, F1468U60882Rattus norvegicus protein arginine N-methyltransferase (PRMT1) mRNA,comptete cds20795J355AA944397ESTs, Moderately similar toHS9B_RATHEAT SHOCK PROTEIN HSP 90-BETA [R. norvegicus]20799H1405M15428egf, epo, il2, il3, il6,Murine leukemia viralMurine leukemia viral (v-raf-1)insulin, interact6-1, ngf,(v-raf-1) oncogene homologoncogene homolog 1 (3611-MSV)pdgf, tpo1 (3611-MSV)20801A, I1723NM_024148Apurinic/apyrimidinicRattus norvegicus mRNA for APEXendonuclease 1nuclease, complete cds20803K1707NM_022592Pentose phosphate cycleHMm:transketolaseRattus norvegicus Sprague-Dawleytransketolase mRNA, complete cds20804K1707NM_022592Pentose phosphate cycleHMm:transketolaseRattus norvegicus Sprague-Dawleytransketolase mRNA, complete cds20810A1493X14181ESTs, Highly similar toRL1X_RAT 60SRIBOSOMAL PROTEIN L18A[R. norvegicus]20817G558AI012589Glutathione metabolismglutathione S-transferase,gluathione S-transferase, pi 2pi 220818G1458X02904Glutathione metabolismglutathione S-transferase,gluathione S-transferase, pi 2pi 220843C, D13AA799545ESTs, Weakly similar to TCPA_RATT-COMPLEX PROTEIN 1, ALPHASUBUNIT [R. norvegicus]20846E, N1147AI231140ESTs, Highly similar toRL2B_HUMAN60S RIBOSOMAL PROTEIN L23A[R. norvegicus]20849F, I1487X05566Rat mRNA for myosin regulatory lightchain (RLC)20851E1614NM_013214acly-CoA hydrolaseacyl-CoA hydrolase20855S1613NM_013200Fatty acid metabolism,CarnitineCarnitine palmitoyltransferase 1 beta,Glycerolipid metabolismpalmitoyltransferasemuscle isoform1 beta, muscle isoform20856S1613NM_013200Fatty acid metabolism,CarnitineCarnitine palmitoyltransferase 1 beta,Glycerolipid metabolismpalmitoyltransferasemuscle isoform1 beta, muscle isoform20864G, K, P1615NM_013215aflatoxin B1 aldehydeaflatoxin B1 aldehyde reductasereductase20873G1000AI177042ESTs, Highly similar to RS19_RAT40S RIBOSOMAL PROTEIN S19[R. norvegicus]20874A1116AI229789ESTs, Moderately similar to KIAA0952protein [H. sapiens]20879I1511X65296R. norvegicus mRNA for pl 6.1 esterase(ES-10)20889A1563NM_012716Solute carrier 16Solute carrier 16 (monocarboxylic acid(monocarboxylic acidtransporter), member 1transporter), member 120891A, C, I852AI169337ESTs, Highly similar to CGI-117protein [H. sapiens]20897I945AI175812ESTs, Highly simialr to Copa protein[M. musculus]20914B1412M23995Aldehyde dehydrogenase 1Aldehyde dehydrogenase 1(phenobarbitol inducible)(phenobarbitol inducible)20915K, Q1730NM_017272Aldehyde dehydrogenase 1Aldehyde dehydrogenase 1(phenobarbitol inducible)(phenobarbitol inducible)20930E473AB004096Fatty acid metabolism,Cytochrom P450Cytochrom P450 Lanosterol 14 alpha-Tryptophan metabolismLanosterol 14demethylasealpha-demethylase20950I7AA799323ESTs, Moderately similar to PLEK_HUMAN PLECKSTRIN[H. sapiens]20971H15AA799576ESTs, Weakly similar to nucleolar RNAhelicase II/Gu [M. musculus]20975H16AA799599ESTs20980E18AA799633ESTs20983F619AI044900Acyl CoA synthetase,Acyl CoA synthetase, long chainlong chain20986G260AA893242Acyl CoA synthetase,Acyl CoA synthetase, long chainlong chain20993R1041AI178741ESTs20998S24AA799803ESTs, Weakly similar to serine protease[R. norvegicus]21010S318AA925306Alanine and aspartateHMm:carnitineESTsmetabolismacetyltransferase21014P1376J03914Glutathione metabolismGlutathione-S-transferase,Glutathione-S-transferase, mu type 2mu type 2 (Yb2)(Yb2)21025A163AA859241synaptojanin 2 bindingRattus norvegicus NPW16 mRNA,proteincomplete cds21039B1373J03190Glycine, serine and HHs:aminolevulinate,Rat 5-aminolevulinate synthase mRNA,threonine metabolismdelta-, synthase 1complete cds21040E546AI011734Glycine, serine and HHs:aminolevulinate,Rat 5-aminolevulinate synthase mRNA,threonine metabolismdelta-, synthase 1complete cds21060I547AI011746ESTs, Weakly similar to BACR7C10.a[D. melanogaster]21068E943AI175675ESTs, Highly similar toRB24_MOUSERAS-RELATED PROTEIN RAB-24[M. musculus]21075P1706NM_022584thioredoxin reductase 2Rattus norvegicus thioredoxin reductase(TrxR2) mRNA, nuclear gene encodingmitochondrial protein, complete cds21078K1617NM_016986Fatty acid metabolism,Acyl-Coenzyme AAcyl-Coenzyme A dehydrogenase, C-4Propanoate metabolism,dehydrogenase, C-4to C-12 straight-chainValine, leucine andto C-12 straight-chainisoleucine degradation,beta-Alanine metabolism21088A, F966AI176472ESTs21091E1289AI236972ESTs, Weakly similar to predicted usingGenefinder [C. elegans]21097A, H, N1400M12112AngiotensinogenRat angiotensinogen (PAT) gene21098N344AA943892AngiotensinogenRat angiotensinogen (PAT) gene21125A114AA848437ESTs21130J959AI176298ESTs21150A119AA848826ESTs21157A383AA946189ESTs21164O, S810AI137488ESTs21175H768AI105113ESTs21184K709AI101205ESTs21209A, E913AI171772ESTs21228K, M615AI044404ESTs21238K1719NM_024125il6, interact6-1Liver activating proteinRat sfb mRNA for silencer factor B(LAP, also NF-IL6,nuclear factor-IL6,previouslydesignated TCF5)21256Q1029AI178491ESTs21275L125AA849796ESTs21281B, E, M1231AI234090ESTs, Moderately similar tohypothetical protein [H. sapiens]21285P126AA849898EST21305G258AA893082ESTs21321H1227AI233902ESTs21341A, S129AA850195ESTs21354S277AA899721ESTs21380J35AA800739ESTs, Weakly similar to /prediction21382N375AA945708ESTs21396A1612NM_013198Arginine and prolineMonoamine oxidase BMonoamine oxidase Bmetabolism, Glycine, serineand threoninemetabolism, Histidinemetabolism, Phenylalaninemetabolism, Tryptophanmetabolism, Tyrosinemetabolism21414P1255AI235842ESTs21416I37AA800962ESTs, Highly similar toTALI_MOUSETALIN [M. musculus]21421N1664NM_019196multiple PDZ domainmultiple PDZ domain proteinprotein21443P, Q1671NM_019262complement componentcomplement component 1, q1, q subcomponentsubcomponent, beta polypeptidebeta polypeptide21444Q1671NM_019262complement componentcomplement component 1, q1, q subcomponent,subcomponent, beta polypeptidebeta polypeptide21445M, P1388L18948Rattus norvegicus intracellular calcium-binding protein (MRP14) mRNA,complete cds21458C311AA925049ESTs21467N951AI176061ESTs, Weakly similar to tazarotene-induced gene 2 [H. sapiens]21471A137AA851343ESTs21535R1097AI228729ESTs21567R707AI101159ESTs21570B762AI104683ESTs21574N146AA852038ESTs21575E1499X55298Biosynthesis andHHs:ribophorin IIRat ribophorin II mRNAdegradation of glycoprotein21586G, I1521X97772R. norvegicus mRNA for D-3-phosphoglycerate dehydrogenase21657B1507X61381Rattus norvegicus interferon-inducibleprotein variant 10 mRNA, complete cds21660M863AI169751Rattus norvegicus interferon-inducibleprotein variant 10 mRNA, complete cds21661M968AI176479Rattus norvegicus interferon-inducibleprotein variant 10 mRNA, complete cds21663B1635NM_017126ferredoxin 1ferredoxin 121672C222AA891789ESTs21682P, Q1609NM_013154CCAAT/enhancerbinding,CCAAT/enhancerbinding, proteinprotein (C/EBP) delta(C/EBP) delta21683P1609NM_013154CCAAT/enhancerbinding,CCAAT/enhancerbinding, proteinprotein (C/EBP) delta(C/EBP) delta21695A, I240AA892506ESTs, Weakly similar to coronin-likeprotein [R. norvegicus]21696C1724NM_024152Rattus norvegicus ADP-ribosylationfactor 6 mRNA, complete cds21707A, C, E, N176AA859722ESTs21709Q1334D29683Hsp:ENDOTHELIN-Rat mRNA for endothelin-convertingCONVERTINGenzyme, complete cdsENZYME 121717E131AA850480ESTs21740B, M, Q986AI176810ESTs21798K329AA926365ESTs, Moderately similar toAF151827_1 CGI-69 protein[H. sapiens]21799E730AI102576ESTs21818I491AF036537Rattus norvegicus homocysteinerespondent protein HCYP2 mRNA,complete cds21823E1119AI229906ESTs21893E1302AI237713ESTs, Moderately similar toY101_HUMAN HYPOTHETICALPROTEIN KIAA0101 [H. sapiens]21909H210AA891161ESTs21950G570AI013861Rattus norvegicus 3-hydroxyiso-butyrate mRNA, 3' end21976R379AA946011ESTs21977A, G1432S46785Rattus norvegicus insulin-like growthfactor binding protein complex acid-labile subunit gene, complete cds21978A, M298AA924289Rattus norvegicus insulin-like growthfactor binding protein complex acid-labile subunit gene, complete cds21980H264AA893454ESTs22038A, C, D1297AI237609ESTs22042P390AA946476ESTs22046S331AA942726ESTs22051E275AA899498ESTs, Weakly similar to predicted usingGenefinder [C. elegans]22077A1003AI177099ESTs, Highly similar to serine protease[H. sapiens]22099A727AI102258ESTs, Moderately similar toBI54_MOUSE BRAIN PROTEIN I54[M. musculus]22124J223AA891790ESTs22135R887AI170821ESTs, Weakly similar to predicted usingGenefinder [C. elegans]22151B, E, Q521AI009115ESTs22177J753AI103730ESTs22197A, C1031AI178527ESTs22204K886AI170820ESTs22212A1268AI236294ESTs, Highly similar to translationinitiation factor eIF6 [M. musculus]22224S323AA925869ESTs22235L294AA924152ESTs, Moderately similar toAF135422_1 GDP-mannosepyrophosphorylase A [H. sapiens]22266E, K373AA945601ESTs22321B, I, M, Q1372J02962Rat IgE binding protein mRNA,complete cds22338A345AA943896ESTs22368A, Q348AA944157ESTs22370S349AA944158ESTs22375R1121AI230046ESTs22379L1156AI231448Glycolysis/GlucoseESTs, Highly similar to G6PI_MOUSEGluconeogenesis,phosphateGLUCOSE-6-PHOSPHATEPentoseisomeraseISOMERASE [M. musculus]phosphate cycle,Starch andsucrosemetabolism22392S351AA944269ESTs, Weakly similar to es 64[M. musculus]22395A352AA944289ESTs22397F353AA944304ESTs22412E1702NM_022392Rattus norvegicus growth responseprotein (CL-6) mRNA, complete cds22416S354AA944380ESTs22432A, C895AI171263ESTs, Highly similar toFBRL_MOUSEFIBRILLARIN [M. musculus]22443J1284AI236761ESTs22457A358AA944572ESTs, Weakly similar to T2D7_RATTRANSCRIPTION INITIATIONFACTOR TFIID 31 KD SUBUNIT[R. norvegicus]22487A, F, H731AI102578ESTs, Highly similar to I49523 Mouseprimary response gene B94 mRNA,3′end - mouse [M. musculus]22503L359AA944823ESTs22512M, P1531NM_012488Alpha-2-macroglobulinAlpha-2-macroglobulin22513F, M1531NM_012488Alpha-2-macroglobulinAlpha-2-macroglobulin22514M, P1531NM_012488Alpha-2-macroglobulinAlpha-2-macroglobulin22515M1531NM_012488Alpha-2-macroglobulinAlpha-2-macroglobulin22516M, P796AI113046Alpha-2-macroglobulinAlpha-2-macroglobulin22531E361AA944943ESTs22534E310AA925045ESTs22540R304AA924630Glyoxylate andHHs:glyoxylateESTs, Weakly similar to SERA_RATdicarboxylatereductase/D-3 PHOSPHOGLYCERATEmetabolism,hydroxypyruvateDEHYDROGENASE [R. norvegicus]Pyruvatereductasemetabolism22548L364AA945031ESTs22554A, E, G,366AA945076ESTsO22558A, E368AA945123Hydroxyacid oxidase 1EST(glycolateoxidase)22559A, D839AI169007ESTs22566E1007AI177122ESTs22569A1073AI179979ESTs22570R369AA945238ESTs22582A, G1605NM_013120Glucokinase regulatoryGlucokinase regulatory proteinprotein22598M811AI137506ESTs, Weakly similar to SPI-2 serineprotease inhibitor [R. norvegicus]22603E494AF044574Rattus norvegicus putative peroxisomal2,4-dienoyl-CoA reductase (DCR-AKL)mRNA, complete cds22619B, E, Q531AI009825ESTs22620S316AA925258ESTs22625J374AA945704ESTs22679A332AA942731ESTs22681J357AA944413ESTs22683A970AI176484ESTs22695H1032AI178531ESTs22713K378AA945904ESTs22717L1257AI235948ESTs, Highly similar to entactin[R. norvegicus]22722O804AI137211ESTs22725Q283AA900506ESTs, Highly similar to TS24_MOUSEPROTEIN TSG24 [M. musculus]22737S465AA998660ESTs22770A387AA946428ESTs22806E, Q551AI012174ESTs, Moderately similar tohypothetical protein [H. sapiens]22835L1079AI180367Rattus norvegicus small zinc finger-likeprotein (TIM10) mRNA, complete cds22840N528AI009676ESTs22862H227AA891944ESTs22876C917AI172041ESTs, Moderately similar to CGI-137protein [H. sapiens]22877A, C, D1045AI178819ESTs, Moderately similar to CGI-137protein [H. sapiens]22897P290AA901107ESTs22898L, P290AA901107ESTs22906L, N944AI175790ESTs22918B, Q29AA800243ESTs, Moderately similar to cell deathactivator CIDE-A [M. musculus]22928A, F328AA926262ESTs22929A, L670AI071578ESTs22930A670AI071578ESTs22931A777AI105417ESTs22957R764AI104897HMm:mitogen activatedESTs, Moderately similar toprotein kinasemeningioma expressed antigen 11kinase 3[H. sapiens]22961E1064AI179519ESTs22966B1128AI230320ESTs23000H178AA859933ESTs23005F, P334AA942770ESTs23013I1137AI230743ESTs, Weakly similar toACTC_HUMANACTIN, ALPHA CARDIAC[R. norvegicus]23030L305AA924763ESTs23032K976AI176596ESTs23033G179AA859938ESTs23043N1051AI178968ESTs, Weakly similar to URB1_RATDNA BINDING PROTEIN URE-B1[R. norvegicus]23044A, H490AF034218Rattus norvegicus hyaluronidase(Hyal2) mRNA, complete cds23047H230AA892027ESTs23075A844AI169166ESTs23077H1015AI177489ESTs23082A980AI176648ESTs23099C789AI112365ESTs, Highly similar to mm-Mago[M. musculus]23106Q, R825AI145081Mini chromosomeESTs, Highly similar to cell divisionmaintenancecontrol protein CDC21 [H. sapiens]deficient 4 homolog(S. cerevisiae)23120C, D1070AI179857ESTs, Weakly similar to UB5D_RATUBIQUITIN-CONJUGATINGENZYME E2-17 KD 4 [R. norvegicus]23125B, Q1172AI232266ESTs23128E561AI013011ESTs23139H1076AI180040ESTs23160C, L960AI176319HMm:nuclear factorRattus norvegicus I-kappa-B-betaof kappa light chainmRNA, complete cdsgene enhancer inB-cells inhibitor, beta23170E850AI169317ESTs, Weakly similar to C43H8.1[C. elegans]23173I312AA925057ESTs, Highly similar to CRIP_MOUSECYSTEINE-RICH INTESTINALPROTEIN [R. norvegicus]23182F, N1141AI230981ESTs23183O819AI144586Rattus norvegicus evectin-1 (EVT1)mRNA, complete cds23184C974AI176554ESTs23220O1319AJ000347SulfurHMm:bisphosphateRattus norvegicus mRNA for 3′(2′), 5′-metabolism3′-nucleotidase 1bisphosphate nucleotidase23229C1229AI234038ESTs23230A, H, N1266AI236146ESTs23243E138AA851803ESTs23245Q1066AI179570ESTs23260C, D856AI169617ESTs, Highly similar to Bop1[M. musculus]23261A, C, D314AA925145ESTs23299C989AI176839ESTs23302I, N1516X78949Arginine andHMm:procollagen-proline, 2-R. norvegicus mRNA for prolyl 4-prolineoxoglutarate 4-dioxygenasehydroxylase alpha subunitmetabolism(proline 4-hydroxylase), alpha 1polypeptide23304E1153AI231310Arginine andHMm:procollagen-proline, 2-R. norvegicus mRNA for prolyl 4-prolineoxoglutarate 4-dioxygenasehydroxylase alpha subunitmetabolism(proline 4-hydroxylase), alpha 1polypeptide23315E, R239AA892425ESTs23321A247AA892821Rattus norvegicus aiar mRNA forandrogen-inducible aldehyde reductase,complete cds23322A247AA892821Rattus norvegicus aiar mRNA forandrogen-inducible aldehyde reductase,complete cds23324E181AA859980ESTs, Weakly similar to TCPA_RATT-COMPLEX PROTEIN 1, ALPHASUBUNIT [R. norvegicus]23325A928AI172405ESTs23331J1210AI233457ESTs, Highly similar to Mlark[M. musculus]23337E, O520AI009096Rattus norvegicus double-stranded RNAbinding protein p74 mRNA,complete cds23362O1616NM_013216Ras homolog enrichedRas homolog enriched in brainin brain23380A141AA851961ESTs23390D, G927AI172328ESTs, Weakly similar to TCPA_RATT-COMPLEX PROTEIN 1, ALPHASUBUNIT [R. norvegicus]23435C1112AI229502ESTs, Highly similar to KIAA0601protein [H. sapiens]23437A, O661AI071166ESTs23438C, J745AI103101ESTs, Highly similar to F25965 1[H. sapiens]23445A, D, F1571NM_012792Flavin-containingFlavin-containing monooxygenase 1monooxygenase 123448B315AA925167ESTs23449B, Q987AI176828ESTs23491H, N, O1681NM_019359acidic calponinacidic calponin23494N888AI170967ESTs23499A393AA955249EST23500A, S183AA860010ESTs23511A1697NM_022294ESTs23515L1063AI179498ESTs, Highly similar toS23B_HUMANPROTEIN TRANSPORT PROTEINSEC23 HOMOLOG ISOFORM B[H. sapiens]23522A, F1552NM_012615Arginine andOrnitine decarboxylaseOrnitine decarboxylaseprolinemetabolism,Urea cycle andmetabolismof amino groups23523A1552NM_012615Arginine andOrnitine decarboxylaseOrnitine decarboxylaseprolinemetabolism,Urea cycle andmetabolismof amino groups23555M, P394AA955443ESTs23558A400AA956170ESTs, Weakly similar to NDKA_RATNUCLEOSIDE DIPHOSPHATEKINASE A [R. norvegicus]23567J1042AI178746ESTs23584A, B392AA955071ESTs23587J977AI176598ESTs23606H, N1714NM_022867Rattus norvegicus microtubule-associated proteins 1A and 1B lightchain 3 subunit mRNA, complete cds23608E1201AI233190Rattus norvegicus microtubule-associated proteins 1A and 1B lightchain 3 subunit mRNA, complete cds23612A880AI170751ESTs23626N395AA955540ESTs23627S628AI045624ESTs, Moderately similar toAF151890_1 CGI-132 protein[H. sapiens]23633A706AI101130ESTs23651I1582NM_012881Sialoprotein (osteopontin)Sialoprotein (osteopontin)23656R616AI044533ESTs23678C1674NM_019290B-cell translocationB-cell translocation gene 3gene 323679A, C, D, F1674NM_019290B-cell translocationB-cell translocation gene 3gene 323698E1532NM_012489Acetyl-CoAAcetyl-CoA acyltransferase, 3-oxo acyl-acyltransferase, 3-oxo acyl-CoA thiolase A, peroxisomalCoA thiolase A,peroxisomal23709H, K1603NM_013113ATPase Na+/K+ATPase Na+/K+ transporting beta 1transporting beta 1polypeptidepolypeptide23710H1135AI230614ATPase Na+/K+ATPase Na+/K+ transporting beta 1transporting beta 1polypeptidepolypeptide23711H1603NM_013113ATPase Na+/K+ATPase Na+/K+ transporting beta 1transporting beta 1polypeptidepolypeptide23762R404AA956431ESTs, Highly similar to Lsm5 protein[H. sapiens]23767A1295AI237207ESTs23843E, R412AA957410ESTs23847B405AA956723EST23854G, I1514X78327R. norvegicus (Sprague Dawley)ribosomal protein L13 mRNA23855B, C1287AI236773ESTs23868F1543NM_012551Early growth response 1Early growth response 123869F1543NM_012551Early growth response 1Early growth response 123872F1543NM_012551Early growth response 1Early growth response 123884A1422M73714Arginine andaldehyde dehydrogenaseRat microsomal aldehydeproline4, liverdehydrogenase mRNA, complete cdsmetabolism,microsomal (class 3)Ascorbate andaldaratemetabolism, Bileacid biosynthesis,Butanoatemetabolism,Fatty acidmetabolism,Glycerolipidmetabolism,Histidinemetabolism,Lysinedegradation,Phenylalaninemetabolism,Propanoatemetabolism,Pyruvatemetabolism23885E866AI170007ESTs23888I241AA892520ESTs23889M241AA892520ESTs23890B406AA956864ESTs23945F409AA957071ESTs, Highly similar to Bcl-2-interacting protein beclin [H. sapiens]23955A1103AI229178ESTs23961A, D1640NM_017181Tyrosinefumarylacetoacetatefumarylacetoacetate hydrolasemetabolismhydrolase23987O1496X51615ESTs23989B, Q1072AI179953ESTs24012M, O411AA957335ESTs24024Q496AF052695Rattus norvegicus p55CDCmRNA, complete cds24049G1010AI177341ESTs, Highly similar to CGI-10protein [H. sapiens]24051L414AA957452EST24079H935AI175423ESTs24112O514AI008773ESTs24126R415AA957708ESTs24146E859AI169668ESTs, Weakly similar tohypothetical protein[H. sapiens]24161E150AA858588ESTs24162A847AI169279ESTs24200N555AI012356ESTs24219A1395L27843protein tyrosine phosphatase 4a1Rattus norvegicus tyrosinephosphatase (PRL-1) mRNA,complete cds24227L871AI170385ESTs24228M30AA800318ESTs, Weakly similar toA1AT_RATALPHA-1-ANTIPROTEINASEPRECURSOR [R. norvegicus]24234J1469U63923Rattus norvegicus NADPH-dependent thioredoxin reductase(TRR1) mRNA, complete cds24235A, D, J213AA891286Rattus norvegicus NADPH-dependent thioredoxin reductase(TRR1) mRNA, complete cds24236C, L967AI176473ESTs24237F, M44AA817726ESTs24246G419AA963703ESTs, Highly similar to cellcycle protein p38-2G4 homolog[H. sapiens]24264A1593NM_012999Subtilisin - like endoproteaseSubtilisin - like endoprotease24268E924AI172281ESTs24284A1715NM_022869Rattus norvegicus nucleolarphosphoprotein of 140kD,Nopp140 mRNA, complete cds24289B, Q399AA955986Galactose metabolismGalactokinaseESTs, Highly similar togalactokinase [M. musculus]24296E1360H32867ESTs, Highly similar tosteroidogenic acute regulatoryprotein [R. norvegicus]24321A, D, G1178AI232340ESTs24323P763AI104798ESTs, Moderately similar toGTM1_RAT GLUTATHIONES-TRANSFERASE YB1[R. norvegicus]24367R401AA956247EST24368R1080AI180392ESTs, Highly similar toAF114169_1 nucleotide-bindingprotein short form [M. musculus]24369R346AA944011ESTs, Highly similar toAF114169_1 nucleotide-bindingprotein short form [M. musculus]24375A, D766AI104979ESTs, Moderately similar tonucleolar protein p40[H. sapiens]24381S403AA956301ESTs24388C, D, I, R1286AI236772ESTs24434A1710NM_022704Rat mannose-binding protein C(liver) mRNA, complete cds24442O1708NM_022667Rat matrin F/G mRNA,complete cds24453F1560NM_012690P-glycoprotein 3/multidrugP-glycoprotein 3/multidrugresistance 2, P-glycoprotein/resistance 2multidrug resistance 124458A1711NM_022706Rat metabotropic glutamatereceptor (GLUR4) mRNA,complete cds24501D1167AI232006Rattus norvegicus translationelongation factor 1-deltasubunit mRNA, partial cds24508E1416M34643Rat neutrophin-3 (HDNF/NT-3)mRNA, complete cds24577A1498X55153ESTs, Highly similar toRLA2_RAT 60S ACIDICRIBOSOMAL PROTEIN P2[R. norvegicus]24589E, P1558NM_012674Serine protease inhibitor,Serine protease inhibitor, kanzalkanzal type 1/Trypsin inhibitor-type 1/Trypsin inhibitor-likelike protein, pancreaticprotein, pancreatic24597C1625NM_017040Protein phosphatase 2Protein phosphatase 2(formerly 2A), catalytic(formerly 2A), catalytic subunit,subunit, beta isoformbeta isoform24645A1484V01225Starch and sucroseHMm:amylase 2, pancreaticRat pancreatic amylase mRNA,metabolismpartial coding sequence24651P1426M83678Sprague-Dawley (clone LRB10)RAB13 mRNA, 3' end24654E100AA819333Sprague-Dawley (clone LRB2)RAB16 mRNA, complete cds24670G1642NM_017189asialoglycoprotein receptor 2asialoglycoprotein receptor 224707E, O1561NM_012693Fatty acid metabolism,Cytochrome P450 IIA2Cytochrome P450 IIA2Tryptophan metabolism24710C1430M98820interact6-1Interleukin 1 betaRat interleukin 1-beta mRNA,complete cds24721Q99AA819306ESTs24722G1564NM_012725Plasama kallikreinPlasama kallikrein24771A, G1626NM_017047Solute carrier family 10Solute carrier family 10(sodium/bile acid cotransporter(sodium/bile acid cotransporterfamily), member 1family), member 124779F1375J03863Cysteine metabolism,HHs:serine dehydrataseRat serine dehydratase (SDH2)Glycine, serine andmRNA, complete cdsthreonine metabolism,Oxidative phosphorylation24810F, G1391L22339Sulfur metabolismsulfotransferase, phenolRat N-hydroxy-2-preferring 2acetylaminofluorene (ST1C1)mRNA, complete cds24811G1391L22339Sulfur metabolismsulfotransferase, phenolRat N-hydroxy-2-preferring 2acetylaminofluorene (ST1C1)mRNA, complete cds24826P1421M63991Rat thyroxine-binding globulin(TBG) mRNA, 3' end24860K, S1403M13506Androgen and estrogenHsp:UDP-Rat liver UDP-metabolism, Pentose andGLUCURONOSYL-glucuronosyltransferase,glucuronateTRANSFERASE 2B1phenobarbital-inducible forminterconversions, PorphyrinPRECURSOR, MICROSOMALmRNA, complete cdsand chlorophyllmetabolism, Starch andsucrose metabolism24883A1677NM_019293Nitrogen metabolismcarbonic anhydrase 5carbonic anhydrase 525024F1353E0322925052A, F, M, P1390L2219025054A1396L3646025055K1398M1125125056K, L1402M1323425069F, G1440S8282025077Q1453U2064325083P1473U72632Arginine and prolineHsp:MEMBRANE COPPERmetabolism, Glycine, serineAMINE OXIDASEand threoninemetabolism, Histidinemetabolism, Phenylalaninemetabolism, Tryptophanmetabolism, Tyrosinemetabolism, beta-Alaninemetabolism25098J1AA10827725183K495AF050159insulin receptor substrate 225198J1689NM_02175425203E501AF07987325246M1321AJ01160725257C, I1328D1362325290M, O1339D4214825313I1347D8799125370B, Q1387L1699525379Q1394L2629225397E1401M1282225409E1408M1852725410E1409M1852825411E1410M1852925413E1411M1853125480A, G1432S4678525525P1437S72505Glutathione metabolismHsp:GLUTATHIONE S-TRANSFERASE YC-125567A, J1441S8518425615E1466U5846625618M1470U6470525619M1470U6470525632G1476U7540525644E1479U7793125675A1493X1418125702A1502X5846525705H1504X5937525706L1506X5960825718I, O1508X62145ribosomal protein L825725K1510X6266025747A, F1518X8144825768Q1520X9476925777E1523Y0835525802E, I1352E0231525814H1696NM_02226825852L1305AI63899825892G1309AI63910125907J1313AI63916725938B1314AI63928126088E291AA90115226109S441AA99700926123D511AI00839626133M532AI00995026147E563AI01338726152N576AI02893826190E, R688AI07257826280Q1082AI22756226288E1134AI23057726320M1242AI23492726368E1367H3404726369C, D1369H34687


[0200]

2





TABLE 2










Document Number 1650775










Comparison
Comparison Code







General Toxicity: Amitryptiline, ANIT, APAP,
A



CCI4, Diclofenac, Indomethacin, Valproate,



Untreated Rats, Various Vehicles, WY-14643,



Cyproterone Acetate, and Estradiol



Hepatitis-inducing and NSAIDS: Diclofenac and
B



Indomethacin



Necrosis and Fatty Liver: Carbon Tetrachloride
C



and Valproate



Necrosis With and Without Fatty Liver: Carbon
D



Tetrachloride, Valproate, and Acetaminophen



Protein Adduct Formers: Valproate and
E



Diclofenac



ANIT
F



Late Acetaminophen
G



Early Acetaminophen
H



Late Carbon Tetrachloride
I



Early Carbon Tetrachloride
J



Late Cyproterone Acetate
K



Early Cyproterone Acetate
L



Late Diclofenac
M



Early Diclofenac
N



Estradiol
O



Late Indomethacin
P



Early Indomethacin
Q



Valproate
R



WY-14643
S











[0201]

3





TABLE 3A










General Toxicity







Document Number 1650775
















Non Tox
Non Tox


GLGC ID
Tox Mean
Tox Stdev
LDA Score
Mean
Stdev















21471
30.43
93.54
75
−42.67
24.83


13203
35.33
61.64
74
−31.14
29.79


19909
22.08
33.51
73
−15.41
29.38


4553
13.83
18.08
72
1.43
6.49


15301
124.27
140.5
77
5.51
36.16


20456
42.5
31.85
70
7.46
20.45


23679
57.12
66.55
72
8.07
7.49


14693
37.57
38.27
72
9.49
11.63


12471
26.73
25.33
73
9.55
21.73


923
60.74
80.74
71
9.6
6.57


15647
49.51
40.73
72
10.9
23.58


6322
45.84
55.48
70
12.42
10.76


16314
48.7
48.51
70
12.45
16.75


25052
90.08
154.89
70
14.05
18.5


2164
57.65
53.74
73
14.96
17.31


16006
58.93
36.27
80
15.18
19.39


25054
45.65
42.59
72
15.37
40.01


6410
4.65
23.5
70
15.8
61.49


23500
39.03
35.28
70
16.65
11.6


16312
39.06
24.35
75
17.24
10.59


19843
2.55
18.74
74
17.7
10.31


14996
58.1
47.71
71
20.43
22.52


16085
60.79
45.9
70
21.59
14.6


17982
49.3
27.48
70
23.22
18.41


6226
46.81
36.97
71
23.54
10.28


9326
6.05
16.52
70
24.18
25.4


15055
−7.1
34.32
70
24.3
26.9


351
94.58
92.7
71
26.37
19.43


1126
48.74
21.68
72
26.96
14.06


20161
87.17
88.37
76
27.44
26.92


8766
−14.3
48.76
75
27.97
35.81


23511
12.84
20.12
72
29.05
16


5461
77.51
74.15
71
29.28
16.66


12216
−22.58
61.28
71
29.83
80.65


5384
100.6
91.07
76
30.03
29.52


18389
43.98
46.66
74
31.53
26.82


21695
45.44
55.44
72
31.53
16.62


11357
17.28
18.76
73
31.76
16.7


14424
567.82
812.48
70
32.4
34.02


9331
60.44
27.33
70
33.81
15.06


23767
23.85
17.49
71
34.2
50.3


15862
62.08
31.33
71
34.72
12.31


20449
117.61
143.09
71
35.82
9.2


10248
68.54
26.33
77
36.88
16.24


23082
23.23
17.75
71
37.04
12.65


9425
17.36
27.44
71
37.87
17.12


16730
73.58
39.38
73
39.09
20.24


9583
161.94
162.1
73
39.37
25.85


11563
71.92
56.8
70
39.98
27.02


352
130.52
119.67
76
40.04
18.99


6604
24.19
16.7
74
41.3
15.53


7243
91.87
50.42
74
41.4
14.59


17709
71.49
47.04
70
41.77
28.89


1583
62.93
26.33
71
41.81
9.01


761
28.63
19.45
70
43.38
21.32


3849
81.84
39.76
71
43.61
16.59


24284
65.8
20.86
74
45.29
13.2


3207
25.59
109.41
70
45.31
54.06


21707
108.81
66.66
72
45.32
39.4


17589
85.64
50.71
71
46.93
27.53


22212
112.59
77.44
70
47.96
21.25


5175
72.78
115.19
71
48.48
31.56


7299
220.49
225.32
77
49.33
34.75


19678
3.58
46.62
75
49.59
34.93


21088
58.85
18.82
72
51.63
11.12


15892
152
118.78
75
52.52
42.58


14353
84.25
29.24
74
53.47
12.39


11527
119.25
79.46
70
54.98
27.79


13749
38.3
29.23
73
55.43
20.89


4281
38.95
21.16
70
57.15
17.8


353
194.24
177.12
76
57.46
26.37


14206
41.14
16.67
73
57.71
14.34


16080
207.65
183.99
77
58.82
28.68


6682
53.78
37.44
70
59.02
19.46


825
42.12
20.91
71
59.35
17.09


7918
90.4
45.57
71
60.65
23.06


21150
138.34
101.42
71
64.19
46.67


7531
57.13
26.96
70
64.99
18.47


22487
81.97
69.8
71
66.94
27.76


24264
112.04
51.05
72
67.41
29.12


22077
46.19
26.57
70
67.77
24.16


21209
174.43
157.48
73
70.46
46.49


20772
102.74
37.31
72
70.49
15.59


8600
33.46
36.07
72
71.84
38.68


9826
49.36
28.75
70
72
22.77


17688
108.65
39.15
70
72.62
19.69


6640
40.46
39.18
74
73.64
29.52


3074
75.98
91.66
70
73.84
44.71


4473
54.98
25.48
70
74.37
21.06


354
227.5
203.23
77
74.89
23.89


23522
107.75
42.24
73
74.91
18.29


15299
176.87
143.39
75
75.35
20.66


13166
145.19
92.31
71
75.39
33.67


7936
59.06
21.73
70
76.33
18.71


17819
57.46
25.12
71
76.84
20.15


17908
191.58
159.91
71
77.06
30.42


7681
125.85
57.35
71
77.88
39.68


23633
66.31
40.72
70
78.12
28.98


19508
49.65
31.49
70
78.53
32.19


9541
166.47
123.33
72
79.59
34.68


16446
58.49
21.61
71
80.2
20.86


17377
119.83
80.06
72
82.65
37.63


20801
136.04
60.94
71
83
38.58


7352
164.48
94.53
70
83.91
38.34


2901
63.21
31.06
71
84.9
24.78


15156
85.12
43.67
71
85.31
23.45


22877
140.94
62.91
71
85.66
25.88


15207
112.17
89.27
73
85.8
32.15


9627
65.98
37.05
73
86.7
25.5


4017
71.08
40.29
70
86.72
27.99


4944
252.32
217.46
76
86.84
38.34


3073
78.22
126.03
72
87.19
58.64


5046
99.33
75.05
70
91.34
37.3


3713
66.05
38.37
71
91.52
27.81


11576
56.54
27.2
75
92.19
28.07


1246
57.52
28.55
70
92.34
25.09


15382
699.61
884.63
73
92.89
30.78


18109
105.09
108.04
71
93.58
44.98


18906
66.76
34.6
72
93.87
22.06


16324
65.53
39.09
72
94.25
27.97


7903
31.76
35.55
72
94.94
65.97


7063
179.3
93.83
74
95.16
22.48


9053
60.23
42.49
72
97.12
25.77


5813
67.41
28.11
70
97.48
35.73


9245
39.62
45.11
73
97.55
55.74


16081
293.48
225.5
78
97.81
34.89


19085
146.97
54.5
71
98.39
27.86


3189
48.18
30.77
70
99.15
55.31


12655
74.53
78.23
70
99.85
45.15


5219
54.76
44.93
70
100.79
47.29


7062
157.19
68.98
70
101.14
24.11


6820
132.9
40.9
71
101.15
18.57


21025
52.78
49.73
75
102
38.88


14746
72.12
42.89
70
102.6
35.3


11745
127.84
29.61
71
102.7
19.78


20035
330.62
323.46
73
105.65
47.24


12587
72.78
43.64
72
105.95
35.48


2372
89.09
42.56
70
107.07
30.91


2383
87.59
39.36
72
108.56
32.43


2532
28.55
57.57
72
109.2
73.94


11959
91.5
26.27
70
109.84
20.36


24375
200.33
108.66
72
110.42
32.85


15884
135.81
86.11
70
111.91
36.88


2576
81.51
44.81
71
112.47
36.08


23955
98.48
60.26
72
113.59
36.89


5008
152.54
61.16
71
113.65
24.98


20891
174.25
85.84
72
114.45
35.06


18390
78.44
44.36
70
116.93
42.8


1844
172.33
73.68
70
117.06
23.94


17591
177.66
76.44
70
119.35
26.88


22038
178.88
77.12
70
119.93
32.92


20874
102.83
26.99
76
120.76
19.57


17844
225.91
107.09
73
120.8
50.32


11691
80.29
49.49
73
124.21
42.81


19086
192.42
71.46
72
124.7
32.65


14937
93.31
50.67
75
125.88
34.64


20513
76.12
59.17
72
127.29
74


6037
90.3
39.56
73
127.31
44.99


12332
24.75
72.13
73
128.95
100.98


17335
99.84
36.82
73
129.97
30.57


134
71.14
58.38
77
133.41
39.47


7784
109.76
36.32
70
134.08
25.84


25567
222.63
133.25
70
134.17
40.36


4951
296.48
152.65
74
135.21
102.87


13351
87.72
56.78
76
135.45
45.49


22432
207.69
93.56
71
137.45
35.3


3075
134.78
146.57
74
138.67
65.46


16134
88.41
44.61
74
139.59
36.27


18660
99.04
62.72
74
141.07
60.13


17225
208.62
72.16
71
141.32
36.37


10509
91.25
50
70
142.42
48.95


6190
108.44
39.25
71
142.68
30.93


17393
216.6
101.01
70
144.48
27.96


22197
295.18
157.65
75
144.6
54.77


19952
98.31
43.39
75
145.63
36.13


1690
206.44
90.45
70
147.21
36.46


23044
188.12
53.18
74
148
23.7


22931
50.06
64.25
72
148.05
101.64


14776
103.46
45.74
74
148.29
40.54


14051
218.89
97.53
70
149.85
36.11


22569
103.93
53.65
76
150.14
42.57


11403
485.69
353.08
74
150.23
94.34


13762
105.01
72.99
71
151.26
47.6


14074
72.32
60.1
74
153.35
74.91


18960
120.13
59.4
71
156.6
44.43


20889
193.77
86.18
70
156.83
37.64


4084
127.09
64.08
71
158.37
49.57


18854
124.79
56.31
70
158.52
38.36


20735
294.63
147.51
80
164.19
33.2


14181
117.28
41.72
73
165.97
41.05


24883
122.66
51.37
75
165.99
38.66


15933
192.2
65.93
70
166.13
35.32


18792
112.37
55.57
73
167.2
48.33


10544
240.01
60.23
77
167.22
32.41


14208
98.76
46.96
77
167.76
48.04


20734
292.65
126.84 .
78
169.42
39.52


17334
283.45
131.16
76
170.46
50.64


22457
319.78
159.2
71
170.89
83.07


21978
127.23
34.44
75
172
37.41


20088
138.87
33.78
75
173.08
29.79


15300
301.38
143.25
73
174
53.02


16364
109.25
72.42
74
174.33
56.68


8829
280.85
107.19
74
174.35
39.95


1007
71.78
95.85
73
174.52
94.52


6443
130.76
76.39
77
174.54
46.87


17154
237.49
69.3
73
174.79
36.28


6473
107.85
42.8
72
175.56
60.84


2335
121.97
52.51
71
175.91
56.34


12450
90.03
92.4
75
181.36
63.89


16700
116.46
131.83
75
181.51
86.73


15955
105.87
86.17
73
183.02
74.51


23523
254.3
77.51
75
184.72
39.26


15900
300.11
139.69
72
184.95
58.44


10545
272.15
72.91
74
188.26
35.42


16982
503.02
283.02
72
188.67
203.36


12848
147.36
47.97
70
188.99
42.1


5749
219.23
62.17
70
189.76
42.51


15004
289.65
146.93
71
189.87
51.07


23075
307.83
118.82
72
190.09
58.23


23584
123.89
91.92
73
190.24
73.31


14997
311.34
155.46
77
193.29
31.96


7617
133.32
123.53
70
193.38
108.54


11404
425.93
237.07
74
193.8
75.57


14095
145.71
64.97
77
194.48
44.06


16766
128.68
62.34
72
197.3
64.57


13757
132.12
63.33
72
197.76
47.88


3981
165.72
126.27
71
199.27
79.29


6632
374.92
164.24
76
199.58
56.28


22770
344.97
196.08
74
199.66
52.17


1099
159.6
51.35
71
200.56
47.88


15170
132.07
62.08
79
201.16
44.18


21125
104.89
85.5
74
205.52
74.23


23499
149
73.65
71
206.76
68.16


16765
131.63
64.51
74
208.95
60.5


23321
173.83
57.63
71
209.49
31.61


18908
94.04
112.32
72
209.75
126.49


4360
159.27
76.32
72
212.18
102.53


5027
165.48
78.52
73
212.59
52.82


14007
147.14
73.93
77
213.84
62.97


4719
153.89
88.13
74
216.28
70.99


9754
78.35
97.33
75
218.88
111.68


5867
342.61
167.79
70
219.32
57.15


16859
374.28
189.12
73
220.43
60.14


24434
132.32
69.32
71
226.73
56.25


22683
206.07
65.39
71
228.15
41.78


13963
218.82
179.67
72
228.18
75.69


11179
165.79
72.22
70
230.16
61.5


23445
110.29
87.9
82
231.61
62.42


18115
174.03
108.43
71
231.75
102.05


11429
189.45
42.84
72
232.42
40.03


11520
175.16
127.89
72
233.8
92.23


7927
202.04
106.05
70
234.79
57.37


22099
137.03
97.01
71
235.76
97.02


7888
376.09
171.23
72
236.43
56.75


17496
75.49
73.53
76
239.51
173.47


11742
161.82
79.25
71
239.68
82.64


6855
194.24
59.54
71
245.57
58.27


22928
87.17
110.53
70
245.88
162.18


7064
397.22
140.47
77
247.28
40.15


10879
202.31
103.86
70
248.56
66.82


20757
401.81
200.88
71
249.74
57.1


7113
200.31
111.11
74
250.23
78.75


11635
186.84
60.17
75
254.75
47.63


135
174.94
73.25
78
256.19
65.78


24235
390.14
159.67
70
259.52
50.47


1479
205.28
61.98
72
261.61
51.03


5923
172.52
80.09
78
262.06
70.65


15642
368.73
123.22
77
262.87
41.31


9336
140.36
75.51
72
264.38
147.6


23325
326.83
125.56
70
265.55
63.28


9063
214.94
71.54
74
266.92
47.88


23612
382.82
255.62
72
267.25
92.93


912
326.5
67.38
73
268
33.47


14506
208.78
65.03
70
272.49
69.62


5748
328.41
66.67
70
274.63
44.97


8477
399.36
174.12
71
275.64
90.8


11021
177.75
93.53
73
275.95
97.97


8630
206.38
87.63
72
276.18
71.7


12331
142.97
91.35
73
276.42
113.01


12694
196.38
106.12
70
280.6
91.59


23380
201.35
91.04
71
280.63
98.56


25747
406.23
174.62
79
281.96
48.12


3418
416.76
178.28
75
282.48
51.77


19298
475.37
243.42
71
283.29
78.74


23558
187.58
94.53
72
284.57
75.57


6366
365.38
251.12
70
289.81
76.83


14103
153.89
84.24
76
291.22
113.41


24219
410.88
138.62
75
297.66
69


1929
232.96
81.98
71
298.56
77.17


5863
225.48
130.42
75
299.73
84.35


3504
395.85
157.69
70
301.1
58.36


4868
220.65
100.78
75
301.7
70.8


1753
235.94
62.13
72
304.05
74.62


22679
185.35
110.73
72
304.26
119.66


23230
431.68
274.8
77
305.51
73.66


17401
211.41
101.33
70
308.15
101.7


4179
444.58
228.79
73
308.58
63.03


24645
228.44
65.97
73
308.66
90.32


19679
212.7
94.25
74
309.08
79.13


8387
209.62
77.78
74
309.81
64.43


17324
236.31
65.13
73
311.13
52.23


1501
434.85
171.45
79
314.29
63.39


22582
224.5
87.58
71
316.36
75.3


25702
423.41
113.7
72
320.39
51.32


9399
222.67
63.69
76
320.67
86.48


3131
228.57
86.2
72
321.25
92.07


812
231.65
67.37
76
321.96
51.58


15519
303.98
284.36
71
322.04
142.67


1409
258.93
68.93
72
323.5
60.85


17049
207.81
93.01
77
324.1
63.71


7003
213.89
133.94
75
328.74
101.01


15612
208.41
106.4
71
329.06
202.57


851
259.03
53.32
76
331.68
47.82


4291
203.94
139.04
77
334.29
127.4


1478
262.27
68.1
74
334.41
51.89


7868
201.78
131.72
80
338.05
94.52


19469
284.04
59.16
72
342.98
50.36


15700
259.03
65.96
77
345.34
50.31


15197
263
83.78
70
348.89
85.31


2484
152.64
144.08
75
349.45
189.22


21396
274.52
76.97
73
354.24
57.86


15032
262.98
104.76
72
354.96
94.2


6825
321.55
146.79
71
355.67
98.41


14767
212.27
97.6
80
359.19
95.6


15136
482.9
133.86
71
361.06
68.44


2993
498.11
173.18
73
362.5
53.1


1175
211.25
155.83
72
367.03
107.25


16680
296.57
157.31
71
368.4
135.7


961
300.69
83.8
73
370.86
65.28


2696
463.19
111.26
71
371.94
59.78


17256
266.11
96.28
72
373.05
70.36


4937
305.59
112.68
74
375.59
89.26


18860
314.98
128.88
70
375.92
92.09


23884
312.54
72.12
70
379.68
59.35


17850
516.17
220.77
70
383.69
72.82


17175
504.94
132.64
72
384.43
64.15


12946
275.06
103.13
74
384.61
80.84


23322
308.64
91 .46
73
385.69
58.02


16327
318.14
112.83
72
386.27
63.57


6824
820.68
540.91
70
386.87
102.09


1900
230.35
153.17
72
387.22
135.44


14869
290.26
114.01
70
388.39
93.33


15239
472.89
104.14
70
393.48
56.96


20694
256
155.8
75
396.34
127.36


6321
661.68
352.96
71
397.84
101.24


21157
628.44
255.63
70
401.01
132.71


1529
316.33
75.8
73
401.61
56.86


5934
166.87
133.41
76
401.67
162.84


18597
452.56
154.66
72
402.92
64.14


6801
284.93
123.62
70
403.58
114.82


8317
302.02
115.59
71
403.7
92.47


3959
651.41
284.48
73
404.94
125.39


6017
218.37
162.51
71
408.35
157.64


7785
309.16
154.16
71
411.11
92.69


18453
272.77
135.91
72
412.12
103.91


11157
347.22
111.72
73
412.71
76.32


2799
186.49
165.24
73
413.66
193.94


18606
551.54
140.45
71
415.6
65.98


25480
298.56
93.25
80
417.76
62.1


6554
327.78
86.42
75
418.15
72.16


22395
337.48
106
70
424.15
101.1


18861
353.52
146.94
71
431.18
96.34


556
363.95
72.87
72
431.39
47.74


15016
614.84
191.45
72
431.42
106


20707
297.52
182.87
72
432.6
110.59


6615
313.91
151.88
70
435.29
105.91


25675
559.03
149.18
71
435.84
78.46


24458
391.59
66.22
70
440.47
58.22


2264
348.28
114.55
70
442.01
101.65


811
339.77
83.76
80
442.46
54.75


14962
595.24
186.44
71
443.26
86.3


9905
351.99
86.2
73
443.66
62.13


4670
1011.12
757.17
70
449.34
279.51


15135
572.07
128.52
72
452.98
71.41


1877
381.72
99.89
72
455.58
70.01


2905
368.76
236.61
74
455.99
171.06


10176
362.61
131.62
73
458.21
78.68


8880
270.36
150.83
71
461.94
178.82


21977
333.82
102.68
78
464.63
71.57


19103
373.87
152.27
72
466.17
87.18


2505
361.86
109.11
73
466.31
72.15


7582
256.38
164.17
72
466.34
223.76


18001
369.81
89.98
72
467.77
75.36


15755
405.73
112.28
71
473.79
67.48


24577
583.7
137.54
73
474.11
65.9


20299
326.39
113.27
76
477.33
90.93


7697
273.75
100.92
83
481.09
117.81


18867
425.79
164.92
71
486.56
85.09


16726
386.57
78.35
71
489.29
90.61


18522
338.66
110.39
78
493.05
127.44


794
364.93
131.6
73
493.86
73.31


21097
596.6
213.78
72
494.87
76.63


11166
392.77
163.68
74
496.16
102.35


3823
819.94
253.21
84
496.62
131.46


20701
546.93
267.9
71
497.17
122.04


13283
374.45
137.36
71
498.65
90.97


14312
379.02
130.24
70
498.8
162.03


1561
489.56
192.41
70
503.1
74.48


11693
280.1
210.45
74
504.39
202.02


19470
355.43
120.62
75
507.23
102.75


20705
406.75
228.32
72
520.73
125.68


6060
377.46
110.54
75
524.04
95.02


4143
411.36
153.04
70
526.83
142.72


573
397.93
141.77
74
527.31
101.53


2111
431.14
135.97
70
535.18
95.74


6132
389.97
132.3
70
536.05
116.38


1531
432.89
99.85
74
537.37
84.23


13684
732.21
234.57
71
538.64
123.03


4914
320.44
176.4
77
542.57
159.28


16172
384.09
149.87
71
543.43
107


18661
375.83
155.78
71
546.25
136.03


14035
354.4
185.79
72
546.44
215.25


18452
376.32
156.49
75
548.91
124.57


10109
683.1
154.88
71
554.69
60.26


15113
422.52
185.06
72
557.21
136.1


12087
426.39
140.52
70
558.91
91.57


11492
398.17
152.29
73
559.08
143.79


14083
400.42
184.48
74
569.39
131.38


23961
487.24
102.51
71
571.23
72.66


6761
734.58
239.42
73
572.66
144.55


16993
402.56
131.25
80
574.27
86.25


11536
347.49
123.19
77
575.39
198.99


12312
415.93
131.04
75
579.26
98.18


20810
686.37
181.4
70
589.89
79.84


24771
441.44
127.76
75
592.18
94.5


6007
477.65
139.01
76
592.68
113.45


3145
432.3
212.79
72
610.87
178.16


12064
392.31
195.73
78
611.49
148.58


15080
468.83
133
74
613.82
131.38


22338
858.3
334.36
70
633.42
176.07


23437
417.21
173.85
75
633.59
238.89


20397
775.65
145.47
74
638.29
86.47


22930
206.34
282.8
72
638.83
389.14


5943
365.28
277.04
78
658.15
266.99


13088
440.35
191.07
72
659.11
130.73


3969
461.16
167.2
73
671.43
138.26


2536
229.18
164.07
75
680.76
402.5


8946
488.94
198.29
74
698.4
191.02


1173
454.86
255.52
73
701.71
147.85


6613
475.14
319.24
71
703.21
206.38


17847
587.34
146.42
73
728.57
116.89


19069
401.65
251.38
70
736.55
312.13


3121
582.17
314.22
75
743.82
177.43


2762
549.37
222.1
73
744.04
144.72


9191
353.85
236.51
80
747.6
226.01


17339
394.82
309.4
71
757.04
450.78


3365
465.6
196.26
75
759.09
201.02


5622
781.85
245.85
70
761.19
118.25


19729
390.13
332.32
78
764.27
355.89


9012
363.63
210.98
77
764.48
253.76


4193
592.69
173.22
72
771.85
108.77


8549
428.57
212.41
77
776.74
195.59


16190
633.77
300.61
71
788.33
198.05


6143
563.65
311.9
76
807.95
145.12


11228
611.37
254.64
71
817.25
249.82


19830
639.79
218.85
75
827.94
161.07


11504
659.77
278.75
70
831.93
222.74


2569
457.34
317.75
82
855.43
152.77


12160
812.82
573.26
70
864.88
230.19


21341
583.63
407.72
73
869.75
255.69


24321
471.3
256.45
83
871.6
204.88


14584
778.69
204.76
72
899.51
154.36


4440
592.51
190.31
81
903.2
141.99


17340
1192.58
780.31
70
918.51
258.08


2196
676.58
230.37
76
961.23
265.77


16879
875.19
424.83
74
998.63
195.4


14118
716.41
266.36
72
1006.89
263.75


20503
598.26
362.91
74
1021.64
320.28


12306
1122.58
844.77
71
1023.1
338.53


2911
675.36
278.69
72
1039.76
290.7


18796
825.55
557.51
70
1043.22
369.63


19732
639.42
377.16
74
1044.68
344.85


11205
763.23
299.36
72
1062.45
233.92


13634
1541.83
591.67
70
1065.68
230.26


8692
729.45
328.96
71
1075.69
284.09


22559
707.2
351.3
74
1078.43
298.05


9475
633.07
305.29
76
1091.11
321.49


6033
695.09
293.08
78
1093.71
230.15


7893
681.36
341.8
72
1123.77
299.15


3822
1790.91
546.55
78
1156.91
279.92


18910
691.91
316.7
77
1158.26
375.48


16703
811.27
347.36
78
1176.58
244.51


10984
769.03
347.66
74
1177.95
295.11


24162
935.19
218.55
71
1183.5
254.36


14960
1815.81
619.16
72
1189.85
282.97


22368
809.54
304.72
78
1204.44
255.44


14512
758.14
344.89
75
1207.73
316.98


22929
345.04
524.79
76
1263.79
749.31


6633
1158.38
523.64
70
1282.41
230.42


5899
868.41
419.97
75
1320.55
275.91


17027
885.56
416.43
74
1334.54
460.45


633
1120.93
302.27
71
1460.55
215.38


15240
1096.17
411.07
71
1507.99
426.62


3916
981.26
439.68
78
1583.55
340.89


22554
987.76
444.02
77
1595.12
393.47


3995
1025.02
387.98
75
1611.33
356.12


16885
1112.24
354.14
71
1613.71
341.53


9889
981.18
477.47
73
1620.07
396.24


15029
925.54
487.41
79
1688.81
378.2


6015
1123.82
384.91
78
1698.32
346


4330
991.16
483.62
84
1718.02
326.97


18909
1097.68
570.79
73
1735.42
607.51


3934
1109.15
552.14
74
1739.43
460.08


19363
867.12
620.13
74
1779.39
738.12


18002
1288.49
485.23
71
1800.22
448.73


4933
1364.86
630.42
74
1830.55
501.46


6380
1372.29
707.55
71
1841.36
514.23


16883
1363.62
527.7
78
2010.57
420.12


6072
1574.16
580.37
71
2013.52
377.64


17812
1417.56
569.56
70
2054.51
507.28


16701
1417.08
583.17
75
2071.93
447.2


6016
1345.93
620.12
75
2194.85
585.99


23261
1440.1
757.17
76
2245.13
579.05


9016
1484.15
791.38
72
2570.48
765.58


17524
1867.91
789.56
72
2578.07
684.86


22558
2228.15
660.37
73
3099.17
679.05


20502
2254.47
1019.37
72
3293.47
799.82










[0202]

4





TABLE 3B










Hepatitis-inducing and NSAIDS







Document Number 1650775













Group
Group
LDA
Non Group
Non Group


GLGC ID
Mean
Stdev
Score
Mean
Stdev















1661
41.81
18.92
85%
1.48
29.99


16317
30.67
11.58
80%
8.6
15.46


11893
54.33
34.89
85%
10.78
84.99


1507
46.98
9
89%
15.22
15.58


22966
36.69
8.83
81%
19.74
17.28


19671
37.69
7.44
85%
22.27
14.65


20016
36
8.96
81%
22.47
17.54


18495
49.47
12.55
87%
26.89
16.39


671
1.28
14.77
83%
29.18
22.7


1221
443.26
150.05
94%
31.23
89.26


25938
56.45
7.66
83%
32.22
17.92


18389
86.77
18.28
87%
33.41
32.92


11974
−0.81
15.18
84%
37.19
30.74


15834
−27.94
45.21
80%
40.53
65.46


20161
128.51
48.18
89%
43.77
57.9


17809
73.73
16.32
83%
46.32
27.65


7056
3.07
13.95
81%
47.6
27.96


5384
140.18
41.23
89%
47.78
62.23


16809
124.52
30.87
89%
53.12
26.62


11423
97.3
21.17
90%
54.32
20.04


22918
25.37
5.71
92%
57.72
29.27


20354
223.3
84.74
94%
65.21
49.13


18529
131.4
33.67
86%
68.42
53.24


1514
90.15
14.51
83%
70.26
23.25


8079
−4.51
23.75
93%
71.3
43.24


23847
116.7
16.84
84%
72.04
35.87


9712
23.03
12.25
88%
77.04
28.42


3660
16.83
21.57
82%
79.66
62.38


11904
167.34
25.7
93%
81.27
36.83


19158
45.35
20.66
81%
83.61
36.03


3710
−36.33
22.78
94%
85.53
112.55


15207
201.4
59.51
87%
87.46
53.13


18272
60.07
14.42
82%
88.02
33.03


353
141.35
40.91
85%
91.87
108.42


19410
151.13
23.55
87%
95.16
23.41


22321
170.96
42.18
92%
100.6
89.13


17277
197.62
54.02
87%
107.61
40.04


8597
164.65
22.23
88%
114.16
40.18


22151
53.9
21.51
85%
114.65
59.1


8274
76.86
17.29
87%
123.17
47.02


6532
271.93
51.51
94%
134.9
41.19


21570
190.77
30.4
81%
139.02
39.64


2555
331.4
107.66
92%
140.78
56.13


25370
84.18
22.52
80%
142.29
76.05


14208
94.74
20.59
84%
147.42
57.13


4250
206.6
31.57
81%
151.25
44.71


1521
259.23
49.47
85%
156.72
61.63


19075
223.09
35.39
81%
163.86
101.01


23584
77.34
44.36
81%
169.97
88.21


23855
348.59
60.39
85%
174.64
78.04


9595
340.35
75.95
82%
175.69
67.44


13332
103.75
23.14
88%
187.8
61.54


10544
215.74
17.73
83%
188.96
55.01


20914
95.15
42
80%
195.52
132.48


1796
121.33
29.79
82%
209
97.51


21039
106.61
32.3
84%
211.38
102.32


18891
79.72
50.3
84%
246.65
190.37


5464
135.66
32.82
82%
247.44
149.05


15786
143.55
47.13
84%
247.54
88.85


22619
538.26
124.75
87%
252.1
119.33


2655
82.89
32.9
90%
258.6
179.08


12156
181.92
29.95
83%
278.7
159.97


17664
741.68
141.39
92%
307.07
186.68


3504
500.63
92.33
90%
315.63
104.18


21281
205.42
64.7
81%
330.89
91.63


23890
215.59
58.3
82%
335.94
112.79


21663
239
51.32
81%
340.75
88.67


1795
160.6
58.49
90%
341.81
148.58


6825
186.43
50.61
90%
343.11
120.89


1900
172.64
60.15
81%
346.3
165.46


18465
620.04
89.19
89%
351.76
235.3


19412
785.76
148.65
93%
362.14
121.09


4026
890.4
293.19
94%
365.48
125.1


9148
247.98
44.83
82%
370.2
91.6


12928
537.35
88.04
83%
411.28
98.02


2905
272.3
68.62
83%
428.13
203.06


21657
770.91
200.72
85%
465.93
129.71


15127
328.43
46.16
84%
473.84
141.3


20701
957.82
322.59
85%
491.66
156.52


23125
211.15
54.99
87%
522.67
517.03


15606
391.12
82.13
80%
555.3
143.44


13557
380.72
110.05
84%
601.18
180.33


3365
412.07
116.59
83%
652.4
245.48


18890
249.81
125.41
88%
681.61
362.92


21740
1634.89
574.14
94%
692.6
269.8


3121
283.35
133.91
89%
701.53
256.63


16458
914
77.34
87%
721.93
196.36


11720
1413.34
300.55
94%
727.31
251.26


11504
489.83
118.52
82%
806.57
268.81


17768
607.41
128.96
82%
831.34
168.24


13093
311.95
133.36
85%
873.19
562.27


6236
496.56
151.3
84%
902.06
432.96


23449
168.69
130.37
84%
927.26
659.99


23989
1753.97
311.2
89%
1058.6
400.01


23448
180.53
167.78
84%
1073.75
757.46


24289
653.83
137.29
88%
1100.08
340.79


16885
781.13
224.04
92%
1490.2
403.55


3917
948.73
233.94
87%
1606.37
494.39


6072
1216.55
290.18
86%
1863.45
506.08


9016
1131.05
452.13
84%
2271.36
942.23


6189
1001.77
624.81
84%
2994.32
1665.75


16884
1730.22
430.96
83%
3305.32
4446.34










[0203]

5





TABLE 3C










Necrosis and Fatty Liver







Document Number 1650775













Group
Group

Non Group
Non Group


GLGC ID
Mean
Stdev
LDA Score
Mean
Stdev















7271
47.32
123.63
82%
−98.96
40.35


1727
109.71
134.11
80%
−50.93
105.7


5780
186.95
173.5
86%
−46.09
31.81


13203
59.69
60.36
82%
−17.7
44.77


16513
26.79
31.17
82%
−17.26
20.41


14619
43.31
34.51
85%
2.15
12.76


4553
26.34
19.46
83%
3.22
9.94


13458
45.73
26.41
89%
5.65
18.85


1610
44.15
19.04
83%
12.68
16.79


14693
74.3
48.25
83%
13.17
17.15


23679
133.75
76.1
90%
13.54
19.85


20456
59.55
30.52
86%
15.2
27.25


5733
152.59
121.24
80%
16.96
49.09


23435
130.84
87.29
81%
21.19
45.23


15312
97.29
57.4
83%
23.69
24.18


23678
101.95
55.99
89%
23.69
13.19


15861
71.17
46.83
82%
24.47
42.1


9181
83.64
43.77
86%
24.64
15.48


1598
201.08
146.9
80%
25.42
45.83


19940
83.79
44.07
83%
25.73
17.82


9796
72.8
40.14
82%
25.76
21.99


16085
106.34
47.32
89%
28.48
22.62


13467
155.47
95.96
86%
30.98
34.92


16618
94.85
58.13
80%
33.73
25.67


24710
86.03
43.14
83%
33.9
21


23260
157.52
100.81
83%
37.65
37.29


22876
70.57
22.75
82%
37.66
16.34


9331
80.05
31.38
80%
38.03
18.65


12614
139.71
71.97
88%
39.91
23.39


3280
81.33
28.39
81%
40.1
20.81


13874
88.42
37.45
84%
40.85
22.09


15862
84.57
34.63
80%
42.44
41.06


5926
80.04
27.03
83%
42.65
20.36


20449
254.92
200.63
82%
44.06
38.62


15313
148.78
79.95
82%
44.12
32.74


2897
110.58
50.4
86%
47.14
25.32


10549
203.78
148.01
82%
49.51
39.18


7243
132.31
62.02
80%
50.65
27.72


14939
115.22
49.92
83%
53.09
45.97


14242
118.61
49.19
85%
53.41
25.56


7161
136.07
72.13
81%
53.54
28.94


20708
91.32
26.75
86%
53.6
18.5


3831
104.66
45.67
83%
54.97
24.3


21707
135.19
53.83
81%
55.69
51.38


19264
117.33
44.24
83%
59.31
20.88


19150
109.31
32.72
86%
60.72
15.98


17687
99.1
21.62
85%
61.04
15.35


14462
156.22
62.83
84%
62.47
36.02


7036
131.87
57.57
81%
62.54
25.28


11527
177.9
80.35
84%
62.69
44.14


20082
124.7
51.02
84%
63.08
42.14


17736
432.83
313.35
81%
65.71
142.15


1841
136.63
50.08
81%
67.1
44.8


20523
102.48
38.3
83%
67.66
66.06


12965
169.8
78.23
83%
71.26
51.46


6085
208.53
104.4
83%
72.61
45.7


14458
330.83
217.41
83%
73.29
65.46


24236
184.01
75.75
85%
73.32
33.88


23160
176.55
75.81
83%
73.36
35.73


13251
323.03
180.5
84%
75.07
50.76


9784
153.22
64.68
82%
79.16
35.89


15398
239.17
147.09
84%
79.65
55.81


353
280.56
162.02
81%
80.59
90.86


20684
131.06
32.29
86%
86.62
20.64


14258
198.53
76.19
81%
87.06
38.11


22877
194.7
70.48
86%
93.61
36.71


1411
202.73
82.72
81%
98.83
39.17


11660
170.21
44.78
84%
99.62
34.3


23099
201.64
75.74
81%
104.62
41.86


23438
195.84
62.14
85%
104.93
43.18


17734
614.42
397.11
81%
110.47
174.81


7063
256.37
132.72
84%
114.31
69.93


1399
215.1
91.12
82%
116.84
76.67


5008
201.49
60.1
84%
118.38
36.13


11331
223.98
89.07
83%
120.5
40.92


25257
274.45
132.38
80%
121.28
48.13


16321
210.67
63.57
83%
124.13
43.97


20891
244.46
85.07
84%
125.01
52.71


2938
92.66
29.87
81%
127.24
29.13


22038
251.93
88.6
85%
127.34
44.31


17369
207.5
75.1
82%
129.13
60.27


5794
226.31
75.22
81%
130.44
40.81


5489
273.17
111.54
82%
136.39
59.55


20843
213.04
53.39
82%
136.57
33.06


2555
219.93
71.85
81%
139.38
59


15374
243.38
59.14
83%
141.32
44.16


24388
624.21
327.48
89%
143.82
68.72


22432
292.49
109.98
83%
146.05
50.66


18418
239.91
82.99
83%
146.58
40.53


12999
347.57
138.68
83%
153.73
65.66


26369
308.75
109.91
81%
154.12
55.73


14051
299.77
104
82%
156.87
52.25


4592
257.24
62.73
86%
157.37
38.03


4952
684.4
441.82
80%
158.99
145.89


23184
332.9
137.24
81%
159.3
52.72


7887
338.64
115.83
86%
162.05
60.73


18755
279.19
80.05
83%
163.56
53.86


17735
512.06
294.56
82%
167.32
151.69


4781
344.83
111.41
85%
169.37
65.78


22197
414.63
204.11
83%
169.48
88.02


23855
282.27
93.29
80%
171.07
75.56


14224
333.11
104.73
83%
174.8
67.56


6796
410.28
172.66
86%
185.7
72.52


20735
408.72
201.02
82%
185.89
74.3


21696
297.51
89.84
81%
186.09
42.02


11561
362.43
142.46
82%
188.78
64.86


3203
308.57
101.34
81%
194.76
46.19


7414
535.61
335.02
83%
197.35
92.11


15900
420.93
177.15
81%
202.45
80.18


23299
835.51
456.01
87%
214.06
131.12


2615
386.6
100.97
86%
217.6
65.98


5867
511.55
202.2
82%
233.57
78.63


24597
382.02
100.07
86%
233.91
54.34


11404
578.06
245.72
83%
238.77
146.51


1460
401.14
112.53
84%
244.96
91.82


498
416.48
120.92
83%
249.32
96.83


16859
472.45
162.72
81%
251.02
122.56


7888
537.76
182.29
85%
257.15
89.71


16756
553.61
229.09
83%
281.56
137.56


7064
502.34
176.81
85%
282.57
116.55


3418
612.35
201.12
86%
297.77
79.32


21458
1369.61
969.19
80%
306.95
224.17


2818
499.79
119.08
85%
321.5
81.64


23120
466.17
110.7
82%
322.94
76.21


4179
559.24
157.01
86%
323.2
127.86


21672
477.65
79.51
85%
327.31
77.78


23229
626.51
235.94
81%
338.12
95.94


1501
526.15
137.21
81%
342.01
115.25


7785
234.09
120.53
83%
402.39
211.3


6824
1330.86
651
84%
457.47
265.81


14962
735.07
188.78
85%
460.88
120.76


13646
647.84
120.93
81%
469.35
113.75


11693
194.51
110.15
81%
475.41
349.8


6132
303.54
124.75
81%
496.77
136.48


7935
319.95
130.18
81%
539.48
150.81


4193
471.49
196.67
86%
732.69
138.33


2569
363.05
288.34
84%
741.53
276.55


6143
440.17
239.99
82%
761.21
219.76


20503
406.67
194.67
86%
913.12
368.79


16703
657.32
260.25
82%
1074.26
319.63


7403
747.37
603.65
82%
1275.15
420.96


7199
888.57
501.29
81%
1460.27
432.28


15029
731.54
467.45
85%
1526.56
513.26


4330
744.46
374.66
83%
1547.62
486.62


6380
907.19
397.41
84%
1723.63
601.93


16883
1078.56
580.73
82%
1877.14
516.54


6016
1048.32
457.34
84%
2002.18
710.82


23261
1133.22
790.5
81%
2083.71
702.84


9016
1179.45
473.8
81%
2319.89
929.08










[0204]

6





TABLE 3D










Necrosis With or Without Fatty Liver







Document Number 1650775













Group
Group

Non Group
Non Group


GLGC ID
Mean
Stdev
LDA Score
Mean
Stdev















5780
149.44
174.82
83%
−46.61
31.66


14619
39.67
32.26
81%
1.81
12.49


5504
40.54
56.94
82%
4.45
12.06


13458
39.01
28.21
82%
5.58
18.92


15860
31.78
22.42
81%
6.3
24.49


14693
68.27
45.68
82%
12.72
16.78


23679
113.2
81.03
82%
13.37
19.88


15312
89.9
55.01
81%
23.16
23.77


15861
75.5
43.95
86%
23.4
41.45


9181
78.27
41.53
85%
24.18
14.99


16085
90.49
54.22
81%
28.58
22.73


13723
125.68
115.97
84%
29.26
45.67


23260
150.76
92.71
85%
36.36
35.87


9331
78.82
28.75
82%
37.48
18.21


12614
122.76
74.47
81%
39.76
23.36


13874
91.42
39.76
85%
39.87
20


15862
87.12
32.75
83%
41.59
40.71


2838
145.55
92.3
83%
42.77
33.6


15313
138.73
76.22
81%
43.33
32.1


2897
102.26
48.95
80%
46.84
25.34


10549
187.81
138.33
82%
48.44
38.17


14939
109.91
48.48
81%
52.56
45.94


14242
115.77
46.52
85%
52.64
24.7


17736
447.8
300.15
85%
58.86
128.94


19264
110.15
43.15
81%
59.01
20.79


14462
146.65
60.75
83%
61.81
35.78


15663
150.74
81.27
81%
61.88
28.94


13251
296.06
174.05
83%
73.46
48.79


6012
176.64
72.48
83%
84.55
40.71


22877
181.18
70.29
80%
93.15
36.67


1411
191.96
79.06
80%
98.12
38.82


11660
165
42.53
82%
98.96
34.06


17734
628.16
382.62
85%
101.62
156.16


6820
162.7
43.24
81%
105.26
24.87


1399
254.19
123.38
83%
112.16
66.1


7063
246.94
123.92
84%
112.9
69.1


24375
284.9
130.19
82%
122.22
50.94


22038
242.92
82.73
85%
126.16
43.47


15282
345.28
174.2
83%
133.39
77.83


20843
205.85
51.68
80%
135.98
32.8


11235
307.17
131.67
83%
138.32
42.12


15374
245.25
54.33
85%
139.6
42.14


8886
258.45
90.02
82%
140.07
40.87


24388
550.6
333.76
85%
142.43
67.72


6039
298.35
118.74
82%
149.78
54.28


26369
303.77
102.86
83%
152.16
53.29


14051
288.38
98.7
81%
155.61
51.3


4592
241.58
65.95
80%
157.11
38.16


17735
549.36
298.48
85%
159
133.2


7887
321.75
114.32
83%
160.72
59.56


18755
284.26
77.14
85%
161.37
50.75


4781
337.58
103.44
85%
167.27
63.76


20735
413.37
184.38
86%
182.1
67.45


7414
505.45
309.7
84%
194.61
89.53


11403
734.85
335.38
87%
196.39
177.82


15900
425.49
161.92
84%
198.73
74.48


15543
413.52
162.64
83%
212.02
73.08


23445
63.7
78.02
82%
213.22
89.74


6911
135.77
67.21
81%
214.68
51.49


11404
616.53
242.57
86%
230.44
130.03


5867
485.57
189.97
84%
231.42
77.22


1460
416.34
113.77
87%
241.33
86.89


7888
525.74
174.65
87%
253.82
84.82


26123
592.58
263.62
81%
267.76
130.29


16756
536.74
209.62
86%
278.76
136.63


24235
489.44
179.4
82%
280.21
94.54


3418
575.64
197.63
85%
295.93
78.26


19298
630.43
229.07
82%
317.49
143.34


23120
479.07
107.1
84%
319.7
71.63


2818
482.71
116.97
82%
320.15
81.06


15700
230.09
67.32
81%
324.4
64.93


228
236.54
61.87
80%
334.29
69.66


15032
205.99
56.82
80%
339.35
104.9


13294
644.35
170.98
82%
387.09
129.3


20707
228.73
113.6
81%
399.4
144.8


20299
283.13
98.83
81%
438.73
122.19


6824
1346.97
605.91
87%
442.76
235.61


14962
719.5
177.74
85%
457.94
118.72


794
301.18
105.82
81%
460.38
105.58


13646
650.4
113.01
84%
466.4
111.75


15135
628.19
146.12
81%
475.33
93.64


11693
181.61
105.42
82%
480.77
349.7


23390
900.94
286.52
82%
482.87
204.25


6132
287.11
119.69
84%
501.07
132.83


20705
268.91
129.82
81%
501.83
170.59


16518
745.69
208.61
80%
522.4
147.11


24501
924.14
324.29
81%
549.2
118.31


13684
940.24
251.12
84%
561.02
160.11


23961
413.97
100.86
81%
563.48
84.42


2350
914.43
280.02
83%
566.27
157.14


7262
1171.93
460.29
82%
616.91
222.19


15283
1210.53
436.26
84%
630.12
224.34


4193
484.87
182.86
85%
735.61
136.93


15365
1249.48
437.43
82%
780.82
1098.83


24321
376.06
230.84
83%
789.46
268.88


22559
540.14
342.39
81%
1011.15
343.11


5899
694.24
374.16
80%
1263.41
404.09


7403
704.59
553.96
83%
1286.73
413.15


7199
835.65
469.87
84%
1473.34
421.86


15029
702.04
429.52
87%
1541.16
503.02


4330
675.9
370.63
85%
1565.51
467.91


18002
948.21
459.72
81%
1684.6
511.86


6380
882.65
369.95
86%
1738.14
594.45


16883
1007.86
547.7
85%
1895.14
498.99


6016
963.32
454.45
86%
2023.72
694.11


23261
1077.62
726.72
85%
2102.8
690.37


9016
1096.76
480.03
84%
2344.1
914.36


3062
1684.88
888.35
81%
2819.77
870.18










[0205]

7





TABLE 3E










Protein Adduct Formers







Document Number 1650775













Group
Group

Non Group
Non Group


GLGC ID
Mean
Stdev
LDA Score
Mean
Stdev















26190
48.28
140.35
73%
−116.76
71.12


8700
49.85
77.95
72%
−12.19
36.84


1661
36.36
40.61
72%
1.43
29.6


18323
56.4
33.89
74%
6.38
36.18


4348
50.39
34.87
73%
11.17
31.72


17481
36.46
27.96
72%
13.35
33.51


5434
29.26
14.26
76%
13.66
16.78


5930
23.92
9.03
70%
17.21
18.45


15778
24.37
10.62
70%
18.73
13.8


16251
28.52
7.89
78%
20.02
13.7


23315
33.84
16.8
71%
20.08
11.03


23843
65.54
53.1
73%
20.76
16.77


24268
31.94
6.01
72%
20.84
19.94


12185
40.45
26.74
73%
21.92
18.47


6026
60.83
27.25
80%
21.94
33.9


9603
38.75
22.25
71%
21.97
31.16


17747
8.38
6.53
74%
22.43
16.15


21799
−5.84
13.09
81%
23.01
22.31


14195
36.74
19.21
73%
23.09
19.24


3976
17.49
10.74
71%
23.34
30.4


6533
32.77
10.84
73%
23.83
29.19


9166
69.93
53.74
72%
26.99
17.75


4610
63.26
38.33
71%
31.07
36.11


16167
26.11
7.76
73%
34.04
13.5


13967
69.09
21.43
77%
35.02
22.23


17677
−27.82
68.69
74%
36.4
69.93


14449
56.08
25.32
70%
37.77
22.83


11700
55.37
19.55
71%
38.12
21.59


1538
7.74
23.48
75%
38.59
30.39


14053
24.71
9.07
76%
39.07
22.35


6804
17.85
7.18
72%
40.39
128.09


15834
−16.44
51.96
73%
40.56
65.53


23170
43.49
9.26
75%
40.79
23.99


21823
40.81
9.62
70%
41.44
26.15


11485
76.43
21.72
79%
41.78
31.48


26288
55.27
10.43
70%
42.31
15.42


25409
8.36
31.39
76%
43.05
24.65


15251
38.39
9.43
76%
46.23
24.25


8124
57.68
9.64
72%
46.93
19.16


14126
34.95
11.94
71%
47.89
50.38


25203
29.38
13.58
73%
47.94
21.85


9432
100.75
48.6
73%
48.25
28.18


2153
74.75
38.6
74%
49.01
17.57


11127
51.39
6.96
73%
50.24
17.35


2933
50.64
8.95
72%
51.06
22.58


25615
71.69
18.81
70%
52.1
17.72


24654
81.41
24.85
75%
52.19
24.88


15018
84.77
83.88
71%
52.26
40.53


21707
126.24
73.39
70%
59.01
53.51


13918
98.73
44.7
74%
59.06
31.3


10549
42.34
9.93
70%
59.31
64.81


22566
92.71
49.39
70%
60.91
42.33


23304
84.45
28.37
70%
61.03
41.36


25413
37.94
16.74
79%
61.59
20.66


25410
30.99
21.26
78%
62.85
30.41


25411
27.66
23.64
80%
62.98
33.69


13581
83.19
33.57
71%
63.07
26.31


13932
−7.5
82.93
71%
63.9
55.62


14171
74.42
21.1
71%
64.55
37.62


90
36.07
18.79
70%
65.79
40.02


17257
114.03
67.46
70%
67.08
34.52


7537
58.32
14.12
77%
67.47
33.14


25397
33.74
21.21
73%
68.15
31.21


17894
82.35
13.84
78%
68.79
26.36


6814
89.6
32.08
73%
69.88
23.93


21893
44.34
8.05
72%
71.05
72.75


11438
111.77
49.88
74%
71.31
27.16


23324
87.26
41.21
73%
73.64
76.07


4168
104.37
21.68
75%
75.31
30.27


7903
30.15
21.43
74%
75.81
76.12


14335
83.34
14.3
71%
76.03
33.52


24589
112.98
48.88
76%
76.16
48.86


9712
59.65
43.73
73%
76.42
28.63


20980
95.23
16.77
71%
79.04
22.6


6003
97.63
17.55
73%
80.11
26.51


13175
132.4
51.99
72%
81.55
39.28


19315
140.15
42.44
84%
81.73
41.23


15156
110.09
19.69
72%
81.74
31.08


1169
63.7
12.97
72%
82.79
31.48


6032
51.63
16.54
72%
83.57
48.94


17400
145.45
66.75
71%
85.87
52.06


2006
25.42
45.67
71%
86.52
90.27


21068
264.69
160.27
72%
87.31
146.99


11215
−7.35
163.64
72%
87.87
83.21


3074
54.49
18.32
70%
88.91
83.5


22961
111.83
20.67
72%
89.09
31.98


2506
141.66
97.88
71%
91.9
70.92


6409
148.77
36.6
74%
92.24
57.46


22531
91.66
12.53
73%
93.27
36.37


21209
227.02
212.22
71%
95.2
92.15


2383
83.79
16.73
73%
102.14
37.31


11174
184.12
65.2
77%
102.16
98.46


17368
171.8
96.78
71%
103.87
47.72


20851
137.3
28.16
71%
104.02
55.43


3091
153.51
67.82
75%
104.92
90.83


18390
78.71
19.55
74%
106.46
50.88


3073
52.19
23.11
73%
106.62
118.05


6798
135.78
43.18
74%
106.64
46.11


14600
214.24
98.46
78%
109.92
74.91


17617
99.3
12.59
72%
110.02
31.44


14638
87.23
22.1
77%
111.45
74.07


10184
123.58
33.76
72%
112.37
55.43


9170
183.59
55.27
70%
114.2
52.72


22151
79.59
31.13
71%
114.31
59.46


12880
139.94
22.05
75%
114.56
32.47


14937
131.42
66.88
72%
114.75
41.55


2342
166.44
44.77
70%
115.31
58.59


18612
131.39
23.5
75%
116.94
56.6


11691
62.73
41.24
71%
118
79.85


17451
101.96
15.77
72%
120.36
30.67


19566
145.76
30.8
71%
120.45
44.75


24508
154.79
40.91
71%
123.72
32.09


1641
165.12
40.83
70%
128.2
35.55


23885
161.49
29.33
72%
129.48
47.42


20930
134.38
23.9
71%
130.09
61.62


5795
132.03
27.82
71%
130.17
53.46


22051
101.35
28.02
72%
130.68
67.38


26368
145.81
51.6
71%
132.19
91.73


19605
113.2
19.79
72%
133.82
51.82


21040
−18.07
52.54
71%
133.85
229.8


14776
102.58
34.94
70%
134.24
48.08


1223
182.79
51.88
71%
136.08
48.54


13762
158.63
98.43
77%
138.6
59.12


11048
119.54
22.24
73%
142.6
56.03


2292
84.06
42.12
70%
143.71
71.66


17844
277.9
176.64
73%
144.36
79.81


12215
204
107.83
71%
146.76
116.15


2043
179.12
22.45
78%
147.6
36.11


4157
177.19
33.3
74%
147.73
62.63


20711
228.01
78.2
72%
150.83
116.07


26088
145.54
50.27
74%
156.38
187.59


17572
159.65
44.25
71%
158.21
87.38


1690
229.65
95.98
71%
160.28
60.57


15141
173.57
16.39
73%
162.21
36.81


16700
83.29
55.96
71%
162.48
108.7


20380
146.38
29.01
71%
163.02
57.5


15959
167.27
18.31
73%
166.48
70.66


9598
288.09
95.08
73%
168.1
93.9


11590
190.23
28.5
74%
168.24
68.73


22806
131.95
29.2
75%
169.43
77.82


18588
206.23
40.15
73%
170.98
65.63


1141
203.77
31.9
74%
172.68
35.21


9595
271.77
94.28
73%
176.57
69.08


24146
216.8
34.19
71%
177.31
65.74


17291
239.96
109.02
74%
177.33
137.8


21717
206.89
32.09
71%
189.62
69.87


13640
218.18
27.37
72%
190.6
71.83


14007
153.67
25.25
74%
191.38
72.77


16562
238.09
59.35
70%
194.57
50.93


10187
223.84
49.38
72%
198.22
88


25802
244.19
49.71
70%
214.98
65.34


11742
217.52
133.21
72%
216.12
86.16


5020
191.66
26.95
72%
222.98
53.97


22603
221.37
90.45
71%
229.9
65.5


1728
238.87
23.07
75%
230.92
67.51


13534
182.27
33.55
75%
232.74
85.78


2868
286.73
53.61
71%
234.2
69.67


14997
375.7
196
72%
235.84
152.48


5111
393.78
167.65
73%
236.27
143.66


20063
181.07
59.31
70%
236.39
97.14


16780
267.07
94.4
75%
242.2
64.47


23337
207.26
31.63
70%
243.84
91.24


19052
433.77
178.35
77%
253.21
91.88


22619
416.09
190.68
70%
253.69
121.24


6821
297.59
92.7
71%
255.52
167.53


17794
256.5
47.37
72%
259.54
87.89


5110
444.91
212.14
72%
270.46
106.82


4929
215.55
43.79
71%
270.62
101.5


23698
318.89
170.39
75%
278.46
123.55


10594
382.41
57.15
78%
291.69
58.26


6366
466.38
163.71
75%
301.16
141.67


5091
204.8
54.15
76%
305.72
121.65


12317
489.39
140.01
77%
306.86
86.66


15122
284.14
30.38
70%
308.23
65.78


2763
390
85.38
73%
308.26
88.64


20715
439.32
105.47
74%
310.12
180.07


25644
345.9
39.5
71%
314.7
121.98


1175
204.91
111.96
71%
321.32
143.78


24161
356.93
42.23
71%
327.71
79.09


18647
397.22
64.9
73%
330.24
91.79


21281
233.54
99.86
71%
330.78
91.46


4179
625.2
324.6
71%
330.92
127.34


43
237.61
86.82
75%
341.37
75.07


19458
364
43.15
72%
346.08
133.08


23128
313.06
51.91
71%
349.02
136.57


22412
366.89
96.19
71%
351.91
164.5


3143
483.63
141.06
72%
352.34
102.15


6801
355
56.71
70%
360.03
142.03


6066
431.59
75.6
72%
368.47
141.78


21575
432.67
63.41
73%
374.58
82.96


8317
421.43
158.85
72%
379.92
111.94


4371
507.88
124.44
71%
394.01
171.93


11157
373.15
134.06
70%
394.37
101.64


24296
481.18
92.3
72%
403.62
139.39


556
373.54
45.1
71%
408.23
71.6


13055
482.08
75.69
75%
411.9
164.09


8173
519.73
67.84
74%
419.47
110.06


3219
317.14
59.47
73%
426.13
99.03


16278
309.41
102.23
78%
429.92
164.15


23608
566.48
164.2
70%
431.27
241.18


25777
330.46
55.36
76%
441.54
130.73


18522
334.4
99.2
70%
443.31
151.76


6188
512.63
55.77
74%
448.02
139.04


794
333.35
131.81
72%
451.08
111.83


11693
254.85
149.73
72%
463
348.51


14312
397.8
81.06
71%
466.35
160.88


5339
852.55
606.3
72%
468.96
257.55


13646
546.37
100.3
71%
478.7
121.95


22534
444.69
49.89
76%
478.75
159.7


15121
635.12
147.29
73%
513.19
224.34


5038
398.62
86.39
71%
513.52
201.59


7916
483.75
53.88
76%
515.32
200.18


4759
421.47
104.72
71%
536.6
127.07


2339
519.32
64.43
73%
536.85
137.81


16947
444.15
113.82
74%
564.09
119.37


24707
469.06
76.22
77%
596.18
184.62


13557
472.83
125.45
74%
600
181.83


11322
781.82
176.95
71%
605.26
189.58


16623
815.06
113.69
75%
643.07
187.67


20397
756.19
106.73
71%
670.62
123.59


3121
513.81
224.23
72%
698
260.45


6673
697.31
124.67
71%
713.3
302.28


4193
655.24
191.97
71%
718.19
154.45


7552
709.86
131.78
73%
813.29
320.57


820
636.5
127.73
71%
821.94
204.55


19105
924.47
159.69
70%
829.48
236.56


16169
456.68
219.61
72%
862.69
796.4


20503
559
204.67
80%
889.74
380.31


6236
529.47
148.78
79%
903.06
433.66


16879
841.82
418.27
71%
946.87
285.04


17340
1644.38
815.75
74%
997.68
474.22


7451
1340.55
383.41
73%
1014.34
341.2


12306
1456.43
258.06
79%
1024.68
517.58


18905
880.62
169.73
78%
1175.6
278.99


17027
844.61
248.1
71%
1257.61
538.33


22554
997.94
184.01
86%
1359.91
523.26


26147
1510.64
528.64
72%
1410.78
338.29


9192
941.24
221.51
74%
1413.17
565.76


23243
872.48
380.03
72%
1417.04
675.7


16885
1012.98
320.39
72%
1487.91
407.92


15029
1042.74
622.16
70%
1488.18
539.06


4330
1083.48
398.15
72%
1508.27
516.11


22266
1415.56
499.05
71%
1514.02
441.93


18002
1259.73
300.25
77%
1637.82
545.26


4933
1137.93
526.28
71%
1700.05
608.74


21091
1307.31
329.46
70%
1706.98
564.25


6072
1518.7
338.39
72%
1859.25
511.2


17812
1406.92
373.38
70%
1884.53
608.25


17107
1929.94
1307.4
71%
2218.38
823.7


9016
1497.78
482.54
71%
2267.81
949.1


20846
2090.67
1066.14
76%
2478.45
898.34


22558
2580.09
1019.35
72%
2867.4
846.53


6189
1470.69
763.08
73%
2992.11
1673.91


11623
2359.03
1401.37
73%
3039.92
2772.61


16884
1876.68
541.26
76%
3308.78
4455.6


6018
1795.01
783.44
73%
3626.1
3303










[0206]

8





TABLE 3F










ANIT







Document Number 1650775













Group
Group

Non Group
Non Group


GLGC ID
Mean
Stdev
LDA Score
Mean
Stdev















22513
633.15
232.37
98%
−132.38
329.17


19388
29.83
17.06
91%
−25.03
31.57


72
49.9
30.74
90%
−17.96
34.45


489
86.15
31.02
99%
−11.18
21.72


11645
46.52
22.15
95%
−10.46
29.11


15003
103.65
34.94
91%
5.13
35.34


4318
23.26
6.71
91%
7.08
9.22


372
43.1
11.62
90%
10.4
12.2


14400
115.49
28.78
96%
12.11
47.49


15480
45.43
16.54
92%
12.38
8.62


22397
98.15
29.08
90%
18.38
61.47


23679
58.03
21.94
92%
20.39
39.25


10790
−79.79
34.37
91%
24
51.35


16006
71.89
13.1
93%
26.66
31.65


15701
115.07
45.82
92%
29.52
22.06


25052
170.78
53.79
98%
31.24
82.74


1221
221.03
65.82
92%
36.47
104.6


23945
98.4
22.42
91%
37.09
29.06


11608
68.37
11.81
92%
39.75
16.9


20741
140.96
42.97
91%
47.33
36.73


5384
110.15
33.33
91%
48.7
63.05


1809
660.39
204.87
91%
51.86
210.98


21088
88.49
15.38
90%
52.62
15.58


488
302.77
84.83
99%
55.29
40.85


20708
69.43
8.17
90%
55.72
21.17


11940
79.89
7.9
90%
56.21
16.71


6585
124.92
40.67
93%
56.76
84.64


15914
167.68
28.59
98%
58.06
29.32


1279
124.99
36.23
92%
60.16
22.09


22487
203.14
70.64
92%
66.54
38.82


17894
123.11
19.61
91%
68.4
25.56


2801
158.72
27.08
95%
68.44
49.17


14465
5.28
16.66
90%
70.62
29.14


15892
279.1
77.25
95%
73.2
79.81


7903
9.08
6.85
90%
75.62
75.73


20772
127.51
24.47
94%
79.34
26.84


11904
152.49
15.73
96%
81.95
37.81


23522
149.93
28.04
91%
84.93
35.96


14017
168.86
47.57
91%
94.1
25.48


23869
219.91
36.9
95%
98.3
110.47


14016
172.79
34.4
91%
101.88
27.02


23005
231.25
60.04
96%
102.75
100.99


24453
296.76
77.39
97%
107.86
52.64


23872
208.24
51.83
93%
110.93
125.84


10016
224.63
64.84
91%
116.67
48.65


17590
228.93
49.97
90%
127.17
38.31


4944
218.13
56.11
93%
129.57
134.8


15002
208.14
35.44
90%
134.25
36.07


20529
372.92
69.59
93%
138.52
121.65


20849
259.34
55.56
91%
150.94
38.19


15141
216.05
18.73
91%
161.78
36.17


15089
428.71
94.42
90%
164.31
111.52


24779
−119.55
53.79
90%
169.39
275.44


7665
325.89
51.47
94%
171.6
94


12577
530.07
99.18
92%
176.81
126.07


3253
242.21
21.26
92%
177.78
42.54


25069
384.72
63.15
96%
181.27
147.24


23182
70.96
27.02
90%
182.67
82.66


19043
461.37
93.08
91%
184.16
86.52


23445
44.92
13.64
96%
204.01
96.17


22928
18.25
13.42
90%
205.31
168.08


15300
301.52
31.01
95%
208.5
106.84


19073
357.79
55.66
90%
215.38
51.37


24237
602.69
44.81
99%
219.11
138.4


1447
293.32
18.87
94%
221.41
41.58


16408
151.08
35.06
90%
254.15
84.03


23868
529.77
129.48
90%
266.34
657.93


24810
103
36.24
90%
273.16
90.15


5235
460.06
75.16
90%
286.43
79.01


2802
498.79
58.22
95%
287.5
90.87


25747
698.21
163.03
91%
318.26
115.19


2818
510.22
88.82
94%
330.07
92.39


5934
42.22
26
94%
342.34
187.09


1501
711.93
121.22
96%
348.6
117.83


15535
499.6
40.24
91%
391.06
75.12


5437
327.15
25.07
90%
409.5
102.21


12928
607.12
43.69
97%
411.1
97.29


4207
611.82
98.48
90%
440.38
323.23


20701
762.37
110.98
94%
496.87
170.59


1562
360.31
37.96
90%
504.85
111.39


6824
806.51
180.29
90%
506.91
368.25


20983
343.07
66.3
93%
516.16
120.95


13088
199.67
54
96%
593.92
183.67


6613
320.2
65.66
92%
626.43
272.37


25024
451.39
46.56
91%
661.12
185.97


8549
262.14
62.15
93%
665.65
258.33


4193
484.74
47.1
95%
719.76
154.17


2569
257.19
110.15
91%
724.41
288.37


7892
1166.36
244.14
92%
809.73
244.53


18900
1202.22
137.08
92%
830.76
217.68


16879
540.35
100.54
93%
949.72
286.7


475
635.1
94.59
92%
976.05
230.62


5899
704.5
125.15
92%
1227.29
427.31


3916
883.71
181.1
91%
1427.83
464.67


10378
2563.09
466.04
90%
1469.47
449.7


19363
372.52
212.88
90%
1539.84
830.44


6072
1270.16
177.57
91%
1859.03
508.9


20502
1504.84
383.84
91%
3017.48
1038.48










[0207]

9





TABLE 3G










Late Acetaminophen







Document Number 1650775













Group
Group

Non Group
Non Group


GLGC ID
Mean
Stdev
LDA Score
Mean
Stdev















18028
62.86
12.89
98%
11.46
17.68


6151
41.98
5.06
97%
11.63
19.32


1394
46.55
7.94
98%
13.22
8.97


15701
104.85
30.26
98%
29.54
22.64


21586
129.12
22.29
98%
37.42
35.11


18099
74.54
10.03
98%
37.77
12.82


18990
191.58
50.21
98%
37.78
56


5492
154.99
36.3
98%
42.55
45.33


16958
152.1
24.97
99%
48.17
21.95


25892
5.84
14.89
97%
52.01
13.92


4281
8.04
4.69
97%
52.71
20.31


20817
552.74
204.49
99%
56.23
83.19


494
−58.87
15.28
99%
57.66
57


17091
221.12
37.22
99%
64.55
35.7


5493
201.07
32.69
98%
68.52
42.64


4650
257.12
41.99
98%
74.24
55.94


20818
387.65
157.18
99%
81.37
42.47


8356
191.89
39.3
98%
81.94
31.64


17090
166.91
23.91
98%
82.55
25.23


6153
47.01
7.23
98%
89.68
30.74


1399
422.27
102.52
97%
118.53
72.23


18369
14.78
33.12
98%
154.92
43.99


8107
82.52
12.58
99%
157.67
30.22


21305
78.03
11.47
97%
162.22
42.69


16219
91.23
10.22
97%
162.24
35.05


20380
51.46
16.74
97%
164.24
55.84


14970
64.35
7.2
98%
165.35
37.88


11039
22.92
14.76
98%
165.75
75.12


1644
69.04
14.22
99%
166.93
43.07


25632
23.75
9.64
100% 
170.77
437.48


25069
648.62
107.28
98%
177.18
137.77


12848
77.84
12.22
98%
178.82
51.97


15571
37.5
7.71
100% 
182.36
613.17


5998
82.64
16
98%
198.22
47.74


1542
75.63
15.75
97%
201.9
67.93


11429
113.75
15.07
97%
220.8
45.17


11635
84.37
10.31
100% 
235.11
58.7


24246
680.67
154.62
97%
235.68
110.38


17684
115.68
11.83
97%
243.52
58.44


1479
111.19
13.1
98%
246.79
62.43


16023
118.74
16.82
97%
262.5
67.56


20986
100.65
16.03
98%
269.03
97.64


23033
164.75
20.5
97%
269.22
53.32


24810
78
27.42
97%
273.76
89.28


8592
97.92
12.74
99%
275.69
78.69


12156
66.84
25.24
99%
279.94
158.15


20555
74.21
32.18
97%
280.75
96.14


18837
70.96
24.35
98%
281.18
112.85


17758
47.9
17.49
98%
283.74
151.83


11152
89.81
23.98
98%
284.55
88.62


22582
97.84
15.79
98%
290.41
88.62


6155
86.76
17.03
100% 
302.82
149.97


10093
894.21
296.81
97%
307.41
125.35


23854
518.98
43.24
97%
317.71
83.8


4314
161.66
22.27
99%
325.66
70.88


20864
896.29
162.64
98%
340.85
169.02


9072
134.11
29.83
97%
372.6
132.4


15462
187.89
20.53
99%
377.51
69.64


3023
74.88
27.06
99%
377.75
123.14


1529
196.76
20.46
97%
378.11
72.49


24670
211.91
19.4
98%
380.22
75.72


25480
139.68
36.79
97%
384.92
88.4


4224
217.33
27.1
98%
385.39
68.02


1653
161.77
30.91
99%
413.84
133.06


9905
215.17
33.74
97%
417.78
81.53


11153
184.99
26.78
98%
424.64
112.76


21977
167.03
43.78
97%
425.7
100.74


21950
225.05
28.55
97%
431.25
83.14


2505
181.37
17.8
99%
437.97
99.3


794
185.22
23.41
98%
452.2
109.84


5920
1687.13
555.96
99%
456.93
241.47


2667
266.65
38.11
98%
472.54
95.54


24722
177.21
38.39
99%
491.55
112.03


23390
1178.14
133.27
98%
504.75
225.74


1562
261.12
32.84
98%
506.49
108.81


15113
155.11
52.14
98%
515.14
163.96


4199
289.55
26.97
98%
519.47
108.02


8872
1732.12
253.22
99%
539.58
281.13


24771
204.77
35.86
99%
548.56
123.7


13088
127.47
50.84
97%
595.53
180.73


17541
1185.11
145.34
98%
686.63
152.47


24811
244.05
55.21
98%
713.37
236.19


24321
133.15
53.97
98%
767.37
279.51


7552
180.78
39.85
98%
820.01
310.92


19732
145.53
28.91
98%
918.79
410.43


11205
330.78
77.32
97%
976.22
280.85


15673
1721.01
183.17
98%
1022.66
229.71


14512
230.44
36.6
99%
1088.1
390.72


11850
2429.93
244.48
98%
1189.68
370.45


633
647.11
128.95
97%
1346.47
304.28


14960
3443.82
469.79
99%
1352.48
446.55


22554
383.07
75.73
98%
1365.63
511.2


24049
4317.73
1756.71
97%
1441.54
440.22


2587
661.56
121.75
98%
1598.85
493.87


12314
743.43
156.24
98%
2014.22
647.46


15315
4723.83
784.41
97%
2482.27
635.01


17730
6017.72
1076.55
98%
2933.25
821.08


6189
422.42
136.09
97%
2994.06
1657.8


20873
5487.66
1292.77
97%
3014.46
6409.47










[0208]

10





TABLE 3H










Early Acetominophen







Document Number 1650775













Group
Group

Non Group
Non Group


GLGC ID
Mean
Stdev
LDA Score
Mean
Stdev















21175
8.2
4.71
94%
28.82
12.57


7528
8.32
4.93
95%
34.66
16.43


20282
−15.7
9.27
92%
36.02
33.93


5966
−2.42
11.53
95%
36.31
21.84


22695
10.13
6.89
92%
38.79
17.51


15634
1.39
5.65
94%
39.68
19.47


1520
15.99
5.3
94%
47.93
19.37


16524
20.02
6.63
94%
48.44
13.24


18482
16.24
5.44
95%
48.47
17.05


2280
19.83
5.96
93%
49.02
23.16


19787
15.18
6.28
94%
50.55
15.04


18584
6.53
10.13
95%
51.53
23.14


13926
21.46
6.96
92%
52.65
14.76


11423
15.02
8.15
94%
56.28
19.95


11940
21.79
9.2
93%
57.53
15.9


23000
22.53
12.08
93%
57.77
15.01


3080
−6.92
14.95
93%
58.31
48.7


23710
158.41
53.72
92%
58.38
71.02


23047
15.29
11.17
95%
58.49
16.56


16566
17.77
6.03
98%
58.51
15.69


19650
−70.3
47.02
93%
61.72
44.09


15467
11.36
7.01
95%
62.46
46.17


16728
14.72
12.75
92%
64.03
32.75


13568
28.12
10.02
94%
67.08
17.03


13932
−112.44
63.3
94%
67.38
48.47


15139
21.25
9.99
96%
68.11
25.84


24079
25.3
8.6
95%
69.08
26.17


22487
6.73
8.7
98%
70.08
41.42


14139
19.82
7.55
95%
71.65
22.54


15181
26.59
10.69
94%
79.78
30.61


23077
38.94
17.17
92%
81.22
21.14


17158
17.52
10.77
94%
83.01
45.36


20971
43.32
10.04
92%
83.29
21.37


1169
27.52
12.64
92%
83.96
30.23


16871
19.55
12.49
93%
85.46
26.85


9164
27.2
10.23
95%
85.81
27.4


15980
26.43
18.24
93%
86.7
23.87


16361
43.56
12.22
92%
91.15
25.64


21321
27.09
14.56
93%
105.32
56.02


3486
34.72
10.49
97%
107.9
41.25


2727
45.87
10.75
92%
110.53
48.76


8597
69.34
16.36
93%
116.43
40.21


574
65.57
6.51
93%
117.45
179.89


8730
45.4
17.81
92%
119.22
42.05


13351
36.93
12.29
95%
122.54
50.81


6330
28.64
17.18
98%
123.06
58.01


18829
33.89
17.14
94%
128.07
58.85


16134
18.36
24.36
94%
128.31
40.65


20975
70.64
13.75
93%
135.77
31.44


64
64.42
13.23
93%
141.31
35.51


11426
36.73
16.99
94%
143.85
61.64


4127
42.82
25.2
92%
147.26
55.78


2043
94.32
14.17
93%
149.89
35.38


25814
49.58
15.47
93%
150.18
60.26


23044
256.5
54.33
94%
154.34
33.61


23491
80.29
14.78
92%
156.45
57.06


21909
77.01
15.95
92%
157.72
48.89


16364
54.12
18.74
92%
161.04
68.62


6861
53.34
24.76
95%
173.75
47.49


23709
365.56
102.97
92%
174.65
139.26


18981
80.53
12.18
98%
180
124.54


18136
92.28
22.73
96%
180.63
44.47


15170
63.67
31
93%
182.69
57.04


15491
50.3
18.75
94%
184.71
62.38


13640
81.51
25.5
94%
194.43
69.6


1542
110.94
15.7
93%
202.72
68.33


23711
965.1
437.75
93%
203.15
366.12


3549
100.08
20.01
93%
203.26
64.36


5749
105.17
17.76
96%
203.46
50.97


1921
469.15
75.54
94%
203.88
88.71


5953
1395.67
589.94
92%
204.16
203.2


11179
51.98
16.53
97%
213.56
68.01


17571
121.22
22.36
91%
215.28
47.28


1919
540.5
142.58
94%
224.99
91


16449
−17.52
49.15
92%
225.71
118.83


7927
58.81
47.71
94%
235.03
77.05


8735
104.51
40.55
92%
260.2
118.96


15070
64.72
20.64
92%
276.22
127.77


23606
645.68
142.54
92%
308.45
97.73


4291
55.74
33.3
95%
309.48
143.72


6366
132.6
38.47
93%
309.95
143.06


22862
102.99
68.89
92%
331.29
84.1


1920
699.35
125.66
94%
334.22
116.2


23230
101.11
53.57
94%
347.39
161.95


1802
68.01
68.24
93%
348.21
129.62


1501
135.65
55.72
93%
359.59
120.35


3143
180.22
37.55
93%
360.43
101.81


20799
195.78
28.73
95%
368.39
68.29


21980
205.1
26.69
96%
380.01
105.72


4234
728.11
88.4
91%
441.47
146.01


16215
277.82
31.3
92%
468.47
103.74


25705
303.85
36.79
95%
471.16
88.31


164
290.9
32.23
97%
476.12
84.6


21097
844.93
124.78
93%
521.05
142.52


23139
297.32
105.82
94%
614.3
226.46


8549
197.64
79.57
92%
674.01
251.68


9190
372.68
47.07
94%
1016.16
415.34


6291
552.9
84.63
97%
1091
307.85










[0209]

11





TABLE 3I










Late Carbon Tetrachloride







Document Number 1650775













Group
Group

Non Group
Non Group


GLGC ID
Mean
Stdev
LDA Score
Mean
Stdev















17064
50.24
16.97
96%
−4.18
20


1625
114.41
34.24
99%
0.07
12.89


5885
38.36
18.29
97%
1.99
9.82


18046
46.73
12.92
99%
2.71
14.04


16649
220.02
92.9
99%
3.43
37.53


1554
47.01
20.46
98%
4.33
6.64


20950
54.4
13.02
98%
6.19
12


13458
58.51
18.25
97%
6.84
20.17


6879
53.86
20.46
98%
10.45
8.61


2065
77.67
43.56
98%
14.07
10.39


16654
153.26
64.25
99%
14.11
9.91


23651
330.28
228.17
97%
21.42
37.58


15312
116.71
36.41
96%
25.99
29.2


21818
119.6
30.36
97%
26.66
21.99


4048
1573.97
2042.27
100% 
28.72
92.76


21695
174.77
50.28
99%
30.87
22.35


1126
93.96
18.28
98%
31.78
16.86


17157
116.08
34.36
98%
33.37
18.38


21586
155.13
41.01
98%
35.85
31.46


4097
202.62
143.18
96%
36.77
20.82


20589
204.58
80.85
99%
39.66
14.51


4856
195.72
58.45
98%
44.87
22.87


17500
1.65
7.49
96%
45.77
44.45


16730
154.98
38.01
97%
46.39
26.25


20449
440.43
164.04
98%
47.45
46.4


15655
237.45
149.71
98%
48.19
26.25


19040
396.02
114.12
99%
54.95
29.77


1037
191.13
61.49
99%
55.16
22.83


4178
263.2
73.51
99%
58.46
46.4


23302
134
32.72
97%
60.71
24.04


21060
195.49
44.63
99%
66.73
22.3


2781
300.75
90.51
100% 
67.08
21.7


1571
306.34
84.06
98%
69.24
44.27


1258
201.18
53.89
99%
69.76
26.45


20755
315.54
99.4
98%
70.92
37.08


21416
180.67
33.54
98%
71.26
32.81


4327
209.63
44.69
97%
73.46
30.98


2853
243.76
74.49
99%
79.5
27.62


14458
462.45
169.29
97%
79.77
81.9


17956
135.44
24.53
96%
80.41
19.61


16650
335.98
95.22
99%
82.71
42.71


8152
184.75
44.1
98%
84.34
21.12


22321
565.88
166.7
98%
90.43
44.8


20801
244.26
53.66
97%
93.54
45.27


15203
217.53
41.56
99%
94.08
22.2


16683
214.61
51.64
98%
96.97
26.38


7690
485.59
136.48
97%
98.07
100.2


18705
230.49
55.83
99%
103.84
19.16


574
566.67
151.26
99%
104.84
163.13


20644
284.09
69.38
96%
104.86
53.3


12613
385.02
81.17
98%
105.74
49.08


23173
527.13
156.81
99%
112.95
62.38


10016
305.83
117.64
98%
113.41
37.12


25257
401.37
69.21
98%
123.93
52.05


19377
245.39
39.45
98%
124.66
31.89


25313
368.62
55.36
99%
125.11
47.2


23888
323.47
71.72
99%
127.05
34.78


17754
280.21
65.27
98%
127.56
39.49


20891
284.25
57.73
96%
128.54
57.37


19241
305.11
61.55
99%
128.91
25.25


17369
251.93
28.1
96%
130.99
61.88


4049
1800.21
615.67
99%
131.28
173.33


4426
226.63
33.81
98%
134.21
26.79


15282
495.77
127.65
97%
140.76
88.42


20849
288.07
45.99
98%
148.97
33.86


17225
314.55
56.91
96%
156.73
51.3


24388
756.8
218.92
98%
158.69
122.1


16854
274.55
32.55
98%
161.83
29.13


16610
376.93
79.48
97%
165.18
49.27


6193
447.67
59.78
99%
194.57
54.15


3549
368.01
54.43
97%
196.19
60.45


2744
487.89
65.94
98%
202.98
55.42


15281
509.13
65.19
98%
207.9
69.15


17571
337.5
57.58
97%
209.52
44.91


8928
323.46
31.08
98%
210.05
36.77


25802
411.96
57.18
98%
210.79
57.41


12551
48.43
13.62
98%
212.69
71.68


7602
453.04
80.74
97%
213.06
62.29


15543
555.28
110.77
97%
219.06
83.33


958
492.73
90.77
98%
234.42
59.68


2854
520.08
129.87
99%
239.21
54.99


5331
517.46
66.57
99%
253.08
62.49


23013
631.62
255.14
98%
253.69
77.98


19768
497.6
88.61
97%
258.31
86.39


18107
475.79
86.06
98%
270.37
50.73


10306
537.72
79
97%
270.7
72.51


3138
773.53
129.57
99%
280.59
128.8


16684
591.01
105.06
98%
303.32
77.67


23854
563.93
104.51
97%
314.55
77.09


20897
602.65
120.81
96%
315.7
85.83


19298
835.39
188.74
97%
328.8
152.97


25718
579.2
77.87
98%
328.95
68.42


14959
676.74
116.99
97%
377.46
94.35


20879
73.93
55.35
98%
390.34
126.05


6824
1794.5
585.37
97%
479.02
298.25


13684
1052.78
207.71
96%
578.09
181.33


16438
1299.24
155.02
99%
582.93
144.92


4193
332.28
95.67
96%
726.26
144.3


7552
163.75
89.31
97%
826.93
304.52


16883
681.46
275.09
96%
1856.78
528.87










[0210]

12





TABLE 3J










Early Carbon Tetrachloride







Document Number 1650775













Group
Group

Non Group
Non Group


GLGC ID
Mean
Stdev
LDA Score
Mean
Stdev















8663
721.93
225.97
97%
−87.65
146.96


8662
653.64
143.71
99%
−66.58
95.42


1727
348.89
185.42
95%
−57.26
75.16


11493
129.55
67.26
96%
−32.97
39.87


2628
251.75
147.92
96%
8.65
34


15647
109.5
26.81
94%
11.25
155.64


13265
78.29
37.64
97%
12.05
9.28


923
199.22
94.23
95%
15.81
23.49


8661
614.42
215.98
99%
16.84
60.47


7301
187.05
149.7
95%
19.02
15.94


15312
129.52
34.52
94%
23.98
24.69


1305
159.8
80
94%
27.12
24.91


1598
232.56
58.02
96%
28.01
58.64


23567
918.41
595.26
94%
30.79
97.73


25198
145.62
46.46
97%
31.18
21.37


22443
413.57
187.24
96%
32.31
38.97


809
170.72
83.79
94%
33
26.32


18043
157.01
66.2
95%
35.05
27.16


16825
86.21
14.87
95%
36.95
15.49


11494
365.78
87.61
98%
39.57
52.58


12969
315.69
145.09
97%
39.62
30.17


347
94.32
20.45
94%
44.31
19.5


15313
188.23
47.79
95%
44.81
34.49


25907
196.63
51.46
96%
45.95
29.69


2629
258.22
130.51
94%
47.27
31.18


4119
172.99
53.46
96%
49.1
27.57


15617
131.28
26.96
94%
49.13
28.01


11483
356.15
129.53
95%
49.85
57.22


25098
263.21
101.83
95%
51.71
35.09


8664
685.72
187.22
98%
51.77
117.57


7806
173.92
56.36
95%
51.78
24.26


5932
142.26
26.26
94%
51.91
24.37


18501
128.83
31.95
94%
53.7
17.47


352
306.66
117.09
94%
53.93
48.46


3831
120.45
24.02
95%
55.42
25.76


651
234.03
95.8
96%
55.88
31.26


650
252.68
84.65
96%
57.08
37.09


17337
140.87
38.01
95%
60.97
56.3


7036
176.78
42.65
98%
62.22
22.87


22124
125.04
23.89
94%
64.53
17.38


23587
208.43
60.7
94%
66.37
32.19


21130
369.23
131.33
98%
72.63
40.41


353
475.4
152.81
94%
76.96
69.6


1183
426.68
140.86
99%
78.14
33.96


16080
464.2
128.58
94%
81.55
87.93


18349
210.66
61.07
98%
82.84
26.6


19184
623.72
284.24
97%
83.93
71.71


2788
214.08
67.37
95%
87.98
29.5


15291
225.71
67.73
96%
89.73
24.64


21380
195.27
36.2
95%
90.84
24.55


17908
489.98
67.94
99%
91.5
64.42


1475
764.62
270.51
94%
95.88
162.38


354
549.22
181.76
94%
96.35
76.24


14424
1887.85
604.98
95%
104.46
294.14


23438
233.78
45.73
94%
105.37
42.63


19085
235.47
46.91
96%
105.97
34.08


16318
569.79
137.14
98%
106.93
68.65


19641
354.6
119.72
94%
111.15
52.02


2049
351.74
96.17
96%
113.35
54.16


22625
588.59
137.7
98%
119.99
73.04


15616
363.79
100.12
94%
126.33
57.91


16081
590.52
148.03
94%
131.04
114.9


1306
354.57
112.94
96%
131.39
47.78


5489
361.63
79.95
96%
135.76
55.44


19086
312.97
47.23
96%
137.05
43.97


22681
1733.5
1045.76
94%
138.8
233.99


25567
440.46
120.5
94%
146.39
68.31


5820
392.73
112.42
94%
148.03
58.75


19075
541.95
182.12
95%
149.36
55.34


8314
4119.47
2769.99
98%
151.41
501.27


24234
520.49
130.96
97%
152.5
60.67


15490
337.2
71.58
94%
153.12
62.58


18259
558.61
152.63
96%
160.23
83.57


4952
867.67
202.68
94%
163.05
167.45


20795
498.26
84.68
97%
165.95
99.22


15292
331.21
64.99
94%
168.13
43.41


17735
616.97
206.23
95%
170.62
159.27


15382
2086.55
655.12
96%
179.06
342.56


6892
472.18
95.02
96%
185.03
58.03


10019
573.47
205.58
98%
186.54
69.46


8984
284.45
40.11
94%
186.61
41.02


3587
1589.64
832.55
95%
189.25
164.29


23331
343.71
75.44
96%
197.53
41.31


17753
422.58
107.22
94%
199.72
55.6


3430
482.45
99.02
96%
205.47
61.75


5937
398.98
79.16
95%
210.95
55.18


15091
457.85
75.14
94%
214.95
79.48


2615
475.24
65.04
95%
217.68
61.55


22177
437.19
83.23
94%
220.99
76.02


15558
421.96
49.45
96%
261.21
89.18


15171
2476.94
637.89
99%
267.37
221.89


24235
651.38
135.2
94%
281.24
89.88


15172
1130.82
386.63
99%
294.17
160.06


8665
2451.27
808.98
94%
320.3
582.92


3816
941.08
189.07
97%
375.12
97.06


15051
1917.64
600.05
97%
421.84
274.9


6321
1227.19
294.21
96%
436.54
171.1


11495
1157.08
222.69
95%
479.89
170.9


19012
1131.9
195.46
95%
491.44
164.34


3139
3078.65
1586.03
96%
683.5
401.95










[0211]

13





TABLE 3K










Late Cyproterone Acetate







Document Number 1650775













Group
Group

Non Group
Non Group


GLGC ID
Mean
Stdev
LDA Score
Mean
Stdev















25183
57.99
11.18
99%
−65.21
41.14


9969
66.32
43.47
97%
−28.99
30.94


19292
39.25
15.99
99%
−0.31
8.76


1749
36.95
4.96
97%
6.56
12.85


9697
56.57
15.67
98%
10.84
13.14


19465
72.95
28.72
97%
20.05
13.1


15441
57.11
16.22
98%
20.18
10.67


15987
363.79
45.36
100% 
34.51
32.07


13580
0.18
7.99
96%
36.01
21.03


16319
89.11
16.96
97%
40.72
16.75


3510
7.29
10.94
97%
41.17
13.42


906
86.53
14.25
98%
49.56
12.1


19053
13.57
5.47
95%
50.36
50.88


5824
209.96
52.5
99%
54.58
27.78


17685
17.67
8.55
98%
59.93
29.82


4588
22.45
6.38
97%
60.62
24.09


14250
25.11
4.35
96%
61.29
33.6


17091
228.81
44.44
99%
65.14
36.75


4312
458.51
102.72
98%
74.88
65.39


6667
35.58
7.42
95%
79.42
27.4


9668
25.68
7.88
95%
82.74
43.74


17090
174.43
31.41
98%
82.84
25.5


14840
25.84
4.54
97%
84.25
56.66


18906
165.1
25.73
97%
86.57
33.68


21184
24.35
7.77
96%
88.84
44.65


11960
−21.76
29.8
98%
91.47
36.61


17092
282.98
55.61
99%
100.94
37.11


18316
41.41
4.56
96%
101.42
51.02


11724
26.29
6.1
97%
107.83
53.24


21238
29.51
14.62
96%
107.94
65.27


9015
50.88
4.22
97%
111.21
39.72


22204
31.75
11.16
96%
111.85
67.38


21228
60.32
10.12
95%
127.7
59.24


25725
303.56
97.38
99%
127.99
39.22


3381
215.51
15.65
98%
129.07
31.01


14199
49.89
11.18
96%
129.55
63.16


12158
539.59
79.37
98%
149.3
94.76


20711
15.4
13.95
97%
153.96
115.63


25055
543.96
83.34
98%
160.37
97.11


15955
401.03
64.61
97%
167.69
104.75


10002
79.22
8.3
96%
169.5
85.35


15888
103.8
7.37
96%
174.62
107.57


23709
91.99
7.53
96%
180.95
142.33


19255
96.69
11.59
96%
191.17
81.51


16124
59.91
18.31
97%
198.11
129.25


8053
55.5
21.16
95%
199.73
121.49


1796
713.84
124.8
99%
202.3
82.74


6431
44.99
10.12
99%
211.22
232.8


4576
60.8
23.4
95%
213.43
78.15


22713
83.58
18.05
96%
218.87
74.81


20803
489.88
37.25
100% 
230.7
84.72


8905
129.45
13.33
96%
236.42
105.34


16780
482.97
115.87
98%
240.36
60.06


1479
143.4
14.02
96%
245.89
63.54


12156
947.53
169.32
98%
270.19
144.04


24860
762.67
137.57
99%
271.87
106.81


20744
131.35
9.57
96%
277.11
153.4


12157
890.46
241.3
96%
295.84
176.52


19256
169.36
16.84
97%
300.56
93.48


12155
849.1
121.68
98%
328.83
112.43


1795
886.32
169.03
98%
332.97
138.76


20864
838.11
192.14
98%
343.82
174.37


23032
174.66
35.02
96%
348.75
98.36


18860
658.47
93.14
97%
352.87
102.72


6801
167.82
26.32
95%
361.85
140


20915
707.08
113.27
95%
376.44
136.93


20707
836.46
117.26
98%
382.05
142.91


18473
830.53
86.28
99%
405.69
223.02


16278
872.29
116.7
98%
422.72
158.18


20041
189.58
32.85
98%
435.36
136.08


25056
1055.84
195.39
98%
435.67
129.34


20714
148.21
41.46
96%
438.15
637.41


15500
239.22
24.81
97%
456.63
119.52


15755
214.37
34.27
99%
457.32
99.49


11693
37.65
37.02
96%
462.5
345.74


15127
911.94
86.23
98%
466.74
134.84


21078
321.33
18.18
96%
470.87
98.57


19012
218.63
26.43
98%
519.87
206.37


20713
192.33
64.34
97%
523.9
200.74


8872
2206.69
222.08
99%
539.95
267.56


1551
300.22
24.52
98%
540.56
133.08


15391
748.88
48.29
98%
555.42
79.76


17541
1121.82
231.52
96%
689.41
156.88


2569
1283.55
169.03
96%
712.78
286.97


20804
2441.26
676.23
98%
723.52
393.32


12160
2592.66
403.1
99%
826.97
370.84


11644
421.94
97.8
96%
834
240.59


17788
2318.81
523.51
98%
909.78
263.72


17117
1568.35
191.58
96%
1006.34
230.44


15645
474.3
53.72
99%
1085.08
601.13


6479
446.51
75.83
98%
1215.32
472.08


22266
2441.41
319.93
97%
1502.46
434.41


21798
2671.47
378.77
98%
1532.27
351.77


1957
451.84
140.88
95%
1533.47
786.6










[0212]

14





TABLE 3L










Early Cyproterone Acetate







Document Number 1650775













Group
Group

Non Group
Non Group


GLGC ID
Mean
Stdev
LDA Score
Mean
Stdev















12375
39.55
6.91
93%
6.16
21.17


2803
101.95
30.32
98%
12.74
30.67


18685
55.02
18.44
95%
16.95
33.49


15162
38.84
5.14
93%
19.37
14.99


10200
71.52
14.25
98%
21.52
18.12


11619
40.76
5.29
93%
24.39
9.81


5018
43.56
9.08
93%
25.12
11.36


11125
95.81
17.05
97%
28.28
20.68


25706
108.93
17.96
98%
28.74
24.94


17506
202.1
34.4
99%
28.98
70.24


25852
57.42
8.81
96%
29.52
10.16


16783
107.34
24.04
95%
33.35
33.97


4725
93.9
10.69
96%
40.84
123.37


15097
97.88
13.08
95%
42.76
28.79


2594
115.78
19.67
97%
43.16
28.35


18484
139.66
35.48
98%
43.46
17.72


7967
80.61
8.41
93%
45.01
25.09


15251
113.13
7.4
98%
45.58
23.44


14913
104.39
13.3
94%
51.71
28.53


15655
103.19
9.18
98%
52.4
44.96


5740
98.42
10.02
93%
54.17
22.49


15433
88.27
7.53
96%
55.12
26.88


6676
81.6
7.48
94%
55.36
26.6


12203
284.85
67.35
98%
57.37
50.59


11876
164.99
37.72
97%
59.91
38.15


24051
156.13
27.52
97%
60.29
28.94


24227
159.76
22.26
98%
64.47
29.99


23160
140.18
19.33
94%
79.22
46.25


24236
118.22
13
94%
79.8
46.11


5754
354.87
77.25
99%
82.05
52.7


5046
201.39
29.93
96%
91.8
52.22


4679
155.83
15.02
94%
93.09
39.05


2372
227.9
45.92
97%
99.62
37.53


466
147.74
16.09
93%
100.97
24.77


9128
497.34
121.83
99%
101.85
43.69


16087
72.43
6.68
96%
105.7
17.95


22898
203.84
9.33
98%
107.87
73.23


22717
160.84
13.59
94%
114.08
91.92


9775
472.31
82.29
98%
118.73
84.58


19605
335.27
35.78
99%
131.91
48.58


22503
297.45
72.36
96%
134.1
70.26


1903
323.28
80.7
97%
134.88
55.57


6582
298.97
43.04
96%
137.13
83.58


15030
175.94
7.66
94%
138.35
50.24


18235
287.07
66.63
97%
138.94
38.25


15282
203.3
21.11
94%
148.94
105


13799
391.75
74.97
99%
152.36
52.97


17955
257.17
57.57
93%
154.46
62.37


6272
415.31
82.23
98%
157.51
61.87


3266
238.25
22.7
93%
160.5
50.15


15959
389.2
63.99
97%
164.9
67.38


1884
191.9
7.86
93%
166.42
45.16


15955
294.4
26.85
95%
169.12
106.78


9486
468.68
91.29
94%
177.99
126.67


21275
349.64
80.81
96%
178.44
97.42


16053
311.13
32.05
96%
206.21
223.6


16747
445.78
87.8
96%
210.09
78.61


20350
393.34
72.05
94%
217.18
69.07


6855
290.54
8.31
95%
227.55
64.59


2326
437.32
39.57
98%
229.27
188.62


20063
579.31
78.7
98%
232.67
92.42


11403
386.09
85.89
93%
235.8
240.72


14303
381.51
38.02
94%
240.55
89.2


5696
167.33
17.35
93%
246.96
110.75


7586
568.83
104.54
95%
247.96
137.64


6821
667.02
106.37
96%
253.55
163


12956
525.48
76.44
96%
256.59
86.57


11404
487.51
32.83
97%
257.84
173.77


4092
428.51
31.72
96%
269.02
120.09


20
182.6
13.17
93%
280.26
77.1


7003
480.07
48.06
93%
299.91
136.85


22835
515.95
104.87
95%
316.8
87.86


22235
511.17
15.69
98%
321.64
119.46


1900
909.26
49.41
99%
339.05
159.22


9674
997.96
198.11
93%
345.29
332.5


2757
553.61
62.46
93%
349.8
112.21


3233
469.14
29.71
94%
350.16
111.19


4937
644.14
96.95
97%
351.09
99.81


16688
485.77
14.98
95%
367.52
115.86


8215
528.57
63.29
95%
395.11
169.02


23515
527.7
47.35
94%
399.57
182.28


22548
1110.25
157.18
97%
429.36
198.23


25056
701.5
107.45
94%
439.98
142.37


23030
298.12
25.05
94%
443.27
320.1


1930
795.75
79.48
96%
488.29
180.53


22379
987.52
105.4
98%
497.46
281.53


18280
625.22
42.6
95%
500.51
355.18


13557
431.55
35.49
94%
598.3
181.76


1901
1382.54
291.7
97%
621.54
268.35


16205
433.92
33.39
96%
622.45
128.79


19069
172.52
18.28
97%
622.95
345.06


22906
1189.14
110.88
96%
633
508.28


7262
974.62
93.19
94%
656.38
287.35


2354
1225.56
104.8
96%
666.98
252.59


7362
563.59
37.8
94%
816.77
299.68


15345
1802.55
235.04
95%
907.53
318.35


3803
1252.52
61.21
95%
914.67
209.78


22929
620.51
53.83
95%
1008.19
813.54










[0213]

15





TABLE 3M










Late Diclofenac







Document Number 1650775













Group
Group

Non Group
Non Group


GLGC ID
Mean
Stdev
LDA Score
Mean
Stdev















22513
2558.9
1121.55
99%
−137.91
262.53


19512
46.17
16.3
99%
−20.41
27.06


8700
150.91
57.74
98%
−11.7
37.23


19715
70.75
11.06
98%
−11.14
18.14


11645
79.3
16.37
99%
−10.24
29


20200
64.31
15.52
98%
−7.94
37.09


7858
64.65
32.07
99%
−1.01
21.41


22516
230.66
81.61
99%
0.06
50.52


18974
52.85
14.89
98%
1.86
14


5291
56.16
15.92
98%
7.46
12.49


9977
33.87
1.2
99%
9.6
16.15


372
53.19
3.15
99%
10.58
12.35


14400
168.71
36.04
98%
12.55
47.33


955
44.09
5.41
98%
13.21
12.09


26320
148.57
67.07
98%
20.83
30.04


23555
177.11
52.37
99%
22.61
21.13


10790
−147.58
11.69
99%
23.65
51


21445
152.54
38.45
99%
24.94
41.96


16173
102.32
21.29
99%
25.18
32.39


25052
653.33
363.97
98%
29.48
65.56


3452
158.59
24.76
99%
29.79
27.82


12277
126.55
32.95
98%
30.14
31.31


16240
−1.46
1.38
98%
31.65
28.31


22512
280.38
149.23
99%
44.34
59.45


7056
−11.07
4.54
99%
47.11
28.14


19411
117.91
13.87
98%
47.27
27.38


6198
184.84
21.67
99%
47.55
71.13


25246
17.4
2.21
98%
50.19
18.57


15504
223.77
86.68
98%
54.96
108.78


22514
404.55
221.07
99%
61.23
63.25


13045
−1.13
17.95
98%
64.8
29.82


9826
−2.67
5.61
99%
66.89
26.12


8079
−12.12
4.26
99%
70.37
43.83


2310
520.93
356.23
98%
71.67
85.7


25290
159.42
12.09
98%
74.09
78.6


1430
−67.02
9.22
98%
76.13
70.5


13895
199.32
16.84
98%
81.85
53.19


11904
162.22
8.31
98%
82.4
38.06


11596
208.15
21.91
98%
92.32
36.27


22515
1549.73
711.86
98%
100.85
133.92


22321
175.23
33.28
98%
101.48
89.03


8522
399.56
124.51
99%
108.85
69.48


14491
261.16
27.37
98%
115.78
52.28


21228
330.87
20.94
99%
125.87
57.45


20529
887
406.86
98%
137.26
107.43


3250
366.5
30.94
99%
144.45
58.3


14504
691.37
422.61
99%
151.43
95.9


26133
549.15
106.67
98%
153.02
280.02


21978
81
5.94
98%
160.08
42.54


3708
397.54
42.39
98%
161.72
77.01


396
355.91
58.85
98%
172.48
57.78


23889
72.55
12
99%
175.14
49.66


12577
1097.35
411.24
98%
176.09
109.22


18580
822.77
189.24
98%
201.23
172.81


24237
928.14
321.39
98%
219.99
132.72


25618
180.02
2.6
98%
245.62
81.24


4969
1833.13
949.96
98%
265.19
240.61


5110
738.94
147.68
98%
271.77
107.36


25619
193.88
2.98
98%
274.38
108.29


13353
101.42
6.77
99%
275.78
68.9


7225
610.95
103.39
98%
276.52
112.14


1175
89.72
12.52
98%
319.98
143.49


4314
199.22
16.19
98%
324.04
72.64


21281
119
14.89
99%
329.77
91.62


699
744.08
166.35
98%
385.87
84.98


17281
191.29
11.48
99%
407.86
108.78


7697
126.05
9.16
99%
418.46
147.54


24012
650.52
28.61
99%
423.59
476.52


5339
1561.45
746.53
98%
471.48
259.27


1561
1103.42
310.4
98%
483.63
109.78


24228
1037.63
336.37
98%
510.12
105.18


5616
1252.37
399.53
98%
617.19
131.84


15189
2393.48
562.64
98%
642.89
398.85


563
1286.12
293.65
98%
647.49
154.22


19392
1380.71
448.01
98%
669.42
123.39


21740
2258.4
588.09
98%
701.14
280.06


1854
2250.76
618.07
99%
730.54
265.59


3292
2871.21
931.15
99%
892.15
311.65


22598
2831.24
966.7
98%
1051.05
357.55


21661
2797.22
982.49
98%
1087.36
376.19


21660
4837.56
1684.22
98%
1692.71
582.02


17167
4555.27
1157.69
98%
2481.92
715.65










[0214]

16





TABLE 3N










Early Diclofenac







Document Number 1650775













Group
Group
LDA
Non Group
Non Group


GLGC ID
Mean
Stdev
Score
Mean
Stdev















10667
411.83
248.79
97%
13.74
165.12


17695
47.26
305.83
96%
15.36
60.09


3452
91.31
23.32
97%
29.73
28.67


21421
5.58
8.51
95%
31.49
16.56


6222
−12.72
9.64
95%
32.02
30.46


14996
180.85
117.09
98%
32.69
45.29


12844
−11.84
8.74
96%
39.54
27.67


1843
88.96
20.57
96%
48.67
17.77


9635
−9.83
19.06
95%
48.68
40.62


21707
169.82
64.58
95%
59.13
53.37


23302
37.52
28.79
96%
62.8
26.58


13932
−63.25
79.49
95%
63.9
55.2


18604
24.17
7.4
97%
65.08
25.49


20354
220.66
86.86
98%
66.15
50.9


1841
188.63
53.81
95%
69.83
46.13


355
149.37
52.24
97%
71.24
34.86


17683
40.01
12.49
96%
77.75
25.92


2359
17.87
8.17
98%
86.55
44.73


3713
168.44
419.14
97%
89.98
96.34


11840
51.82
10.03
96%
100.7
37.97


19211
88.71
85.04
96%
108.71
56.23


17800
70.19
39.86
98%
118.7
28.58


1844
277.5
69.37
96%
129.25
44.39


356
249.59
82.38
98%
129.82
46.84


23494
49.03
10.06
96%
131.42
50.45


14776
49.01
22.62
97%
134.61
47.31


23626
251.41
69.01
97%
141.32
90.59


23491
85.95
100.32
96%
155.17
56.53


21382
60.1
10.48
95%
162.86
70.74


6213
75.91
24.03
97%
177.43
53.8


15170
66.01
17.61
95%
180.78
58.76


23182
47.61
14.34
95%
182.97
82.24


14958
77.51
24.88
99%
192.52
57.74


16562
315.91
84.36
96%
194
49.14


23043
116.23
50.3
97%
200.45
58.35


18996
115.11
26.79
96%
211.48
69.45


14997
807.1
529.54
98%
231.67
129.71


10879
84.17
41
95%
235.09
83.29


11021
90.03
69.2
95%
247.67
106.37


2655
43.2
16.5
97%
258.1
178.54


16859
704.09
252.4
97%
258.84
124.37


17794
130.88
63.44
97%
261.13
86.21


6919
1235.49
468.87
99%
269.17
229.63


13353
151.45
114.9
97%
276.39
67.85


20
432.75
81.44
97%
277.59
75.26


12964
106.32
32.26
95%
288.44
95.46


3722
585.01
101.14
97%
295.66
101.48


20715
308.31
50.21
96%
313.11
180.79


23606
668.08
172.75
97%
313.49
105.76


23230
176.98
99.78
98%
342.52
164.69


12946
142.18
31.13
97%
349.51
100.28


24200
1265.26
395.08
97%
369.8
208.75


16768
264.62
55.65
95%
376.13
78.38


12857
231.61
293.1
96%
392.81
143.31


18795
726.51
149.33
97%
395.27
107.88


19
654.92
135.45
97%
397.11
105.29


18783
716.54
157.61
95%
402.03
119.63


19252
288.39
79.84
95%
410.59
104.1


1114
645.09
101.99
96%
427.86
137.39


20698
914.65
381.61
97%
479.92
178.44


21098
1119.71
394.89
99%
521.35
157.69


21097
883.9
345.03
98%
525.66
142.61


15191
1868.16
232.88
99%
528.3
355.46


19373
957.63
171.61
96%
529.59
254.13


9424
1020
141.63
96%
537.58
150.22


15606
331.04
100.93
95%
555.14
142.5


4670
2609.57
936.24
97%
576.03
466.99


402
1115.89
448.86
99%
596.85
131.13


13557
267.85
27.9
96%
601.37
178.89


2368
429.73
38.72
96%
606.25
88.63


22906
2134.54
974.52
97%
617.58
470.92


15189
1986.69
445.74
98%
635.58
391.8


15190
2159.12
392.22
99%
661.42
378.72


1995
1259.5
439.49
98%
684.23
244.32


11830
1983.61
566.45
98%
692.89
304.27


1805
1229.6
164.21
97%
703.35
218.45


1174
1340.59
440.4
96%
726.33
411.01


6013
1139.77
436.67
96%
749.39
184.56


17785
1846.83
672.05
97%
752.99
445.33


22840
1352.3
529.97
95%
755.78
273.45


8515
346.51
83
96%
765.99
292.49


21574
391.95
100
97%
817.75
226.02


6477
1367.6
542.86
97%
857.33
304.69


3292
1879.44
784.97
98%
890.76
323.1


12306
3293.83
1170.7
99%
1005.26
433.69


7451
1583.77
483.79
96%
1014.48
337.6


6295
2775.87
1040.34
99%
1068.45
493.12


21467
2391.61
1040.88
96%
1118.01
516.67


6633
2355.01
832.32
99%
1206.88
312.71


14738
2426.79
883.37
99%
1231.22
312.92


3730
2978.69
1180.6
98%
1232.87
586.1


3617
2869.63
1011.46
98%
1268.73
398.2


8715
3069.61
1101.03
99%
1353.63
759.44


17672
2889.9
351.84
96%
1930.21
397.38


26152
5392.56
2027.73
98%
1991.62
852.89


20846
4030.03
570.84
96%
2449.47
889.44


6018
11859.37
4320.03
98%
3477.55
3126.6










[0215]

17





TABLE 3O










Estradiol







Document Number 1650775













Group
Group

Non Group
Non Group


GLGC ID
Mean
Stdev
LDA Score
Mean
Stdev















19476
221.25
108.8
94%
−58.59
73.88


20579
65.59
26.23
87%
−13.8
30.61


4520
74.3
35.09
90%
−1.56
34.15


55
34.69
14.89
86%
4.7
13.41


384
44.98
13.2
86%
5.76
28.49


22722
566.51
262.91
96%
19.66
47.88


12120
291.19
164.4
93%
20.32
48.27


16283
59.56
11.97
91%
25.04
15.43


10611
78.35
19.48
91%
26.01
28.58


3570
1203.99
486.89
96%
27.26
139.67


3929
66.1
15.81
88%
32.04
17.87


16783
94.16
35.66
86%
32.29
33.01


6604
9.87
7.84
88%
36.24
17.57


10540
70.62
15.26
85%
39.69
19.11


3846
63.36
11.22
85%
40.64
15.95


14266
463.56
161.4
95%
42
79.9


15097
−4.06
20.79
88%
44.39
28.23


16809
77.26
7.57
89%
53.84
28.46


672
185.2
45.2
92%
57.01
48.59


25290
322.26
83.7
94%
68.08
67.25


5493
104.13
22.09
86%
69.51
45.42


17699
379.25
121.82
95%
77.01
64.08


15057
178.76
62.35
89%
80.64
61.88


4082
137.71
29.22
87%
81.24
39.54


3074
305.3
91.43
94%
82.44
74.5


12655
222.74
65.14
88%
90.1
61.41


3073
404.03
113.1
94%
97.56
106.47


23220
158.44
34.05
86%
104.71
23.6


18612
214.55
48.01
88%
114.72
54.02


24442
253.1
51.52
95%
119.28
39.27


19258
345.84
102.07
91%
119.63
94.13


6789
266.72
63.61
88%
130.61
57.1


11465
687.63
230.97
94%
136.61
114.55


23491
259.04
44.02
89%
151.54
55.44


3075
515.63
145.3
94%
159.61
267.05


19261
291.37
82.45
86%
163.74
57.85


17393
223.13
34.27
86%
164.98
67.02


23987
254.16
41.43
86%
168.68
53.84


13229
314.84
68.95
90%
184.84
61.96


15295
252.4
28.26
85%
191.1
52.8


23183
91.05
26.84
85%
192.16
88.8


6549
522.38
151.13
89%
204.39
114.46


13092
440.75
124.27
92%
206.68
86.61


9402
278.52
27.55
85%
207.63
69.5


23362
362.98
58.85
92%
209.03
55.26


729
141.14
32.05
85%
209.19
55.66


13963
572.36
193.21
91%
220.12
112.51


17516
287.34
30.47
85%
223.48
56.14


7927
368.05
56.64
86%
226.41
79.19


14989
306.39
34.48
90%
229.8
59.41


5464
608.63
139.88
93%
235.86
136.35


14997
313.77
45.38
92%
237.05
156.21


23337
388.86
61.57
87%
239.19
87.95


6541
835.22
410.07
90%
240.86
107.93


9621
349.89
41.41
91%
242.89
62.26


18877
1770.96
536.63
95%
251.02
323.54


19825
76.2
82.83
85%
256.34
107.9


291
413.96
84.34
85%
256.37
66.6


17613
349.67
47.08
86%
259.18
106.99


19824
83.21
81.92
87%
260.01
99.57


7684
577.91
188.77
85%
279.08
126.11


2373
634.92
150.17
92%
285.8
133.51


2484
57.67
44.88
86%
289.53
213.13


16684
447.2
65.17
88%
306.67
87.7


6975
700.83
228.78
86%
312.49
161.5


18141
1086.32
372.55
88%
330.82
216.89


25718
464.33
56.04
91%
331.59
76.26


18742
172.88
37.74
87%
352.25
190.08


12361
1014.46
256.68
94%
354.09
232.49


16327
558.02
61.36
88%
369.06
94.06


21164
169.42
47.37
86%
370.17
185.53


24012
2053.62
525.68
94%
382.21
392.09


4674
167.98
66.36
88%
452.2
224.88


6060
310.86
53.86
86%
477.05
121.08


1561
310.14
86.6
90%
491.78
117.97


11227
841.6
140.02
86%
496.07
212.99


19728
229.27
93.53
88%
501.97
174.65


12746
759.81
83.64
93%
520.3
104.48


12585
909.57
150.85
86%
542.79
178.84


23437
271.75
62.16
86%
558.17
246.21


11821
1051.26
228.29
86%
574.09
309.97


24707
407.68
85.92
85%
598.16
183.22


16894
1105.64
177.51
91%
731.2
332.55


11720
397.65
148.44
88%
748.93
265


4440
398.17
156.94
89%
804.73
210.24


7584
2336.91
636.07
91%
819.41
712.46


13093
2287.36
766.73
90%
825.52
505.38


11644
485.11
142.46
86%
838.95
238.55


9475
422.84
219.9
86%
958.81
372.8


24112
1879.78
259.59
90%
1026.22
630.45


16703
714.02
96.32
86%
1057.6
331.01


15534
1418.23
154.26
88%
1104.88
261.78


14738
862.34
156.54
85%
1256.55
349.62


14960
1831.5
294.22
85%
1370.37
509.8


22554
609.46
270.71
86%
1371.14
511.54


6015
707.01
273.93
89%
1539.98
455.17


7497
1136.4
136.44
87%
1691.66
329.88










[0216]

18





TABLE 3P










Late indomethacin







Document Number 1650775













Group
Group

Non Group
Non Group


GLGC ID
Mean
Stdev
LDA Score
Mean
Stdev















21075
56.56
18.08
99%
−101.64
72.06


3626
270.02
126.67
99%
−91.68
41.85


20522
88.79
62.74
99%
−86.26
44.12


18203
28.03
7.89
100% 
−59.65
26.67


21682
139.83
65.11
99%
−56.8
31.49


20119
75.13
51.9
99%
−51.89
22.95


945
164.01
44.63
98%
−32.43
36.01


8017
40.5
7.12
99%
−4.91
18.36


22516
427.71
48.74
100% 
−3.53
27.61


7858
133.46
131.64
99%
−2.18
10.32


11731
57.13
15.61
99%
−1.13
13.51


2011
88.53
22.86
99%
5.7
10.46


19121
104.23
50.09
99%
16.77
12.76


24826
218.27
46.71
99%
17.2
179.73


23555
133.19
49.37
99%
22.23
20.8


21445
313.48
71.78
99%
22.36
29.24


1777
117.77
21.2
99%
22.67
16.4


16173
249.12
60.67
99%
23.05
21.76


21683
179.43
48.48
99%
24.37
26.58


19503
106.66
42.52
99%
24.54
12.74


19444
479
225.49
99%
26.17
29.3


20651
252.93
78.27
99%
26.84
24.52


11172
108.09
14.64
99%
27.38
25.08


7196
70.2
6.99
99%
27.5
18.37


8864
168.51
38.98
98%
28.16
40.98


25052
413.35
149.76
98%
28.65
72.19


12277
188.8
30.97
99%
28.87
27.27


20134
115.79
25.97
99%
31.07
21.72


15961
155.48
44.33
99%
31.59
27.65


22897
135.13
41.74
99%
33.43
19.08


1893
250.46
53.73
99%
40.37
21.42


22512
493.75
186.61
99%
40.54
35.84


14081
1307.16
578.37
99%
40.73
109.27


25083
96.77
17.16
99%
41.1
19.54


17500
182.9
29.18
100% 
43.12
42.04


2013
191.84
31.9
99%
44.55
23.34


8273
410.92
194.88
99%
45.89
30.96


19411
184.69
32.53
99%
46.1
23.55


15504
896.04
321.22
99%
46.28
53.42


22514
543.21
150.84
99%
57.67
44.72


155
187.91
27.8
99%
62.07
21.49


20523
337.44
89.8
98%
66.71
58.22


16961
225.29
41.42
99%
71.58
40.53


24589
412.43
149.59
98%
73.14
30.15


21285
903.94
338.62
99%
73.28
108.74


15503
519.54
109.49
100% 
74.61
27.28


6200
1572.18
522.18
99%
78
145.78


7743
288.96
85.4
98%
83.77
52.71


2012
357.34
70.02
99%
84.87
34.39


3749
−48.1
12.54
99%
87.36
48.17


4892
2121.77
1018.81
99%
97.96
339.86


24651
168.51
30.23
98%
98.36
20.05


23005
536.62
86.56
99%
99.43
90.49


1700
273.11
39.16
99%
102.11
30.56


22898
507.42
174.82
99%
103.97
57.4


8522
552.47
146.35
99%
105.43
54.02


12714
0.7
18.22
98%
106.47
34.92


15116
243.85
52.64
98%
107.4
25.94


17277
239.1
35.46
99%
107.78
39.78


22042
21.05
10.38
98%
109.25
91.56


21414
1412.18
189.99
99%
116.04
143.33


17258
235.7
32.66
99%
120.39
25.05


682
555.72
137.48
99%
126.28
58.1


17369
441.37
64.2
99%
130.38
54.83


20529
790.13
186.87
99%
134.07
101.45


14504
773.65
116.14
99%
147.38
84.22


154
347.17
63.6
99%
154.37
37.49


12450
−60.33
24.42
99%
154.48
84.94


6431
1828.3
421.64
99%
190.99
149.33


18580
1167.73
411.76
99%
193.7
141.11


8310
107.35
13.86
99%
204.96
44.79


14330
633.28
126.05
99%
225.12
77.1


5687
48.78
22.59
99%
227.66
79.73


14185
760.34
170.85
99%
253.08
93.43


21443
569.4
110.65
99%
256.7
61.78


16519
807.19
191.58
98%
273.02
117.31


9079
820.52
184.52
98%
316.54
112.19


19469
162.04
26.75
99%
325.82
57.22


373
115.43
31.34
99%
334.03
85.91


43
156.53
22.34
99%
341.11
74.71


20864
37.65
12.15
100% 
352.3
179.09


699
762.57
112.9
99%
383.6
79.72


24323
230.34
24.71
99%
398.78
95.09


17281
100.34
30.42
99%
410.15
105.21


16366
113.72
34.12
99%
439.22
103.99


21014
188.22
42.97
99%
572.37
137.02


16367
166.59
86.34
99%
612.27
144.06


25525
264.07
72.58
99%
645.12
117.62


635
308.38
68.87
99%
672.17
126.74


18890
126.36
42.96
99%
679.93
361.87


634
355.69
72.95
99%
705.77
125.16


6236
227.28
73.91
98%
902.24
429.28


10984
135.85
78.66
99%
1092.48
362.92


15029
181.72
50.19
99%
1492.95
529.6


4933
357.28
114.44
99%
1702.56
598.89










[0217]

19





TABLE 3Q










Early Indomethacin







Document Number 1650775













Group
Group

Non Group
Non Group


GLGC ID
Mean
Stdev
LDA Score
Mean
Stdev















21682
85.12
87.03
93%
−56.37
33.66


1510
75.53
7.54
96%
−13.1
65.66


26280
109.21
31.74
89%
−10.05
85.78


11422
60.74
22.85
91%
13.75
11.38


1507
46.96
9.51
87%
15.4
15.74


16251
34.42
5.87
90%
20.02
13.62


19671
39.81
7.46
90%
22.33
14.64


23106
48.6
11.99
93%
28.28
33.85


2736
49.82
5.14
93%
29.89
18.47


25077
111.99
30.35
88%
30.69
73.6


1221
445.47
178.19
92%
33.57
94.3


18389
94.31
16.02
94%
33.62
32.95


3972
−24.58
15.09
94%
34.18
35.89


18237
63.23
7.16
91%
36.35
20.91


22725
4.84
8.57
88%
36.54
24.3


17854
94.21
22.12
90%
48.6
21.13


25379
64.97
7.1
91%
48.71
16.47


1843
85.73
19.01
94%
48.71
17.88


4504
96.84
28.13
90%
48.77
77.49


24024
75.74
15.08
90%
50.05
33.85


16809
117.87
32.17
90%
53.62
27.39


11423
102.73
23.05
89%
54.5
20.13


2042
92.88
5.97
96%
54.98
50.98


13992
110.02
45.53
90%
55.81
24.86


22918
27.24
5.2
92%
57.51
29.32


5059
222.71
98.2
92%
61.9
61.99


20354
194.32
79.46
91%
66.49
51.97


18529
139.38
36.52
88%
68.68
53.21


8079
−1.13
28.24
91%
70.82
43.57


7176
83.8
6.04
89%
71.68
21.23


24721
116.01
17.12
91%
75.35
29.71


11904
169.62
30.75
91%
81.73
37.23


3710
−40.52
24.79
89%
84.89
112.56


1271
127.09
19.36
88%
87.87
22.54


15207
207.84
67.65
90%
88.03
53.57


21256
150.53
29.3
87%
90.66
43.12


1572
134.45
17.05
87%
92.3
26.58


19410
154.21
25.11
89%
95.44
23.68


16080
172.16
50.03
89%
95.77
117.15


17950
134.99
16.51
87%
96.23
39.64


22321
169.07
47.34
95%
101.03
89.08


9223
166.07
27.83
88%
106.75
43.32


17277
186.86
45.28
88%
108.27
41.12


16125
212.34
60.78
90%
109.55
34.54


354
156.92
39.75
88%
113.78
121.78


22151
49.94
21.66
90%
114.35
59.07


16477
205.91
47.02
87%
118.16
42.37


15884
197.78
19.66
96%
119.51
58.67


25768
189
17.68
94%
128.02
30.12


6532
275.04
58.08
92%
135.65
42.31


2555
342.38
116.88
91%
141.73
57.69


25370
95.55
12.34
87%
141.81
76.1


1426
186.05
11.71
91%
141.89
28.02


16081
293.29
79.31
90%
147.43
146.68


154
240.39
32.25
90%
155.47
42.04


1521
271.17
53.27
87%
157.16
61.75


22806
82.54
19.97
89%
169.69
77.1


1141
221.49
23.61
89%
172.77
35.13


9595
369.54
72.63
90%
176.26
67.68


21709
240.64
11.92
95%
179.9
33.86


13332
111.82
16.97
88%
187.21
61.88


21444
292.61
40.73
91%
204.56
58.9


20350
333.21
45.66
91%
216.95
69.67


3776
316.54
58.6
88%
226.04
54.29


958
283.88
16
89%
240.09
72.64


18891
63.95
40.8
91%
245.89
190.12


15786
130.41
48.25
89%
247.11
88.8


22619
509.69
128.09
87%
254.11
122.09


2655
76.89
36.89
90%
257.67
178.99


21443
408.93
75.59
90%
258.32
68.58


17664
718.76
159.35
90%
309.86
189.82


1795
179.95
54.13
87%
340.51
149.15


6825
188.01
57.66
89%
342.19
121.17


18465
583.12
68.3
93%
353.78
236.17


19412
798.48
156.59
91%
364.41
124.75


4026
854.17
324.83
92%
368.96
133.71


20915
208.25
51.68
88%
381.94
139.96


12463
631.37
114.76
89%
391.56
105.49


7122
778.65
154.65
89%
421.1
129.61


23245
695.04
100.61
88%
453.5
126.98


20701
818.5
138.91
89%
496.14
169.1


23125
203.3
56.02
88%
520.99
516.04


21740
1357.78
289.81
91%
701.6
296.47


16458
933.78
80.79
89%
722.78
196.14


11720
1393.76
333.85
92%
731.5
257.06


23449
166.05
104.49
89%
922.94
660.67


23989
1702.06
285.92
87%
1063.27
404.32


22368
637.02
202.48
88%
1081.65
343.44


24289
672.7
120.08
88%
1097.27
342.03


16885
837.41
195.77
91%
1485.4
407.68


9267
809.11
323.93
92%
1667.39
543.29










[0218]

20





TABLE 3R










Valproate







Document Number 1650775













Group
Group

Non Group
Non Group


GLGC ID
Mean
Stdev
LDA Score
Mean
Stdev















26190
239.04
44.21
99%
−115.53
71.46


2154
26.52
22.45
98%
−34
15.98


12625
129.76
35.25
98%
−7.97
79.74


4231
160.07
13.84
100%
−6.47
34.51


360
42.77
15.77
97%
−5.58
16.63


24126
127.21
24.22
97%
6.68
31.59


8993
64.31
7.77
99%
8.92
10.71


19762
168.43
71.93
99%
9.69
24.52


11336
60.09
15.29
99%
12.42
10.72


20993
73.86
17.79
98%
12.51
23.49


330
76.9
11.84
98%
13.5
26.03


12058
48.89
5.96
98%
16.85
15.53


1579
75.5
19.78
98%
16.86
13.09


5993
49.43
5.91
97%
17.56
13.02


8054
63.83
11.7
97%
17.56
15.18


23315
53.08
6.14
98%
20.16
11.05


23843
102.85
21.92
99%
21.2
18.22


11315
170.88
30.14
98%
22.9
42.27


13812
138.26
33.46
99%
26.62
22.64


23106
97.66
12.04
99%
28.05
33.33


11625
70.95
9.83
97%
28.43
16.22


9374
155.52
11.78
99%
30.44
41.52


10394
210.39
57.19
99%
35.12
29.91


6101
146.33
49.53
97%
38.17
25.87


2117
107.64
17.82
97%
43.75
19.24


12614
113.54
14.75
98%
45.51
37.01


9766
130.53
51.66
98%
47.22
33.17


2932
256.87
86.84
98%
48.26
30.66


13501
145.64
35.69
98%
48.87
22.87


14913
145.2
21.59
98%
51.42
27.75


16673
133.08
23.07
98%
53.6
21.07


2042
183.57
50.07
98%
54.55
49.7


2915
150.2
35.95
98%
55.29
23.13


19669
192.83
28.28
99%
60.25
31.79


19264
145.96
13.12
98%
62.26
25.95


17257
197.58
17.21
99%
67.22
34.6


15663
157.22
12.55
98%
67.92
42.04


11527
186.56
12.56
97%
68.89
53.83


22375
201.22
32.17
99%
75.66
28.1


5754
289.15
110.18
98%
82.52
54.48


12198
157.09
5.38
99%
83.53
37.27


18885
179.92
14.06
99%
85.54
27.13


13166
392.55
98.9
98%
89.27
56.47


13251
155.07
11.85
97%
89.73
88.96


8728
346.01
114.17
98%
90.12
40.25


2216
234.47
28.59
99%
94.87
37.16


21535
197.23
12.53
98%
96.15
38.42


21567
509.19
66.46
98%
97.9
104.57


10593
328.02
63.73
99%
101.91
43.97


17368
241.72
37.58
97%
104.44
49.02


9800
366.46
11.6
99%
105.66
68.67


17479
261.87
40.08
99%
106.14
33.44


21976
256.5
24.3
98%
106.4
45.51


14600
242.39
40.76
98%
111.36
76.44


22570
241.74
26.13
97%
111.56
44.08


23656
273.7
31.03
98%
112.56
52.23


15179
255.98
37.97
98%
112.9
41.1


16616
304.19
58.02
98%
115.37
49.86


5608
233.3
11.25
97%
122.33
53.28


20090
263.76
45.31
98%
126.59
32.66


17644
333.21
52.99
98%
128.35
68.07


15149
345.13
64.29
97%
128.59
59.92


6789
283.91
53.49
99%
133.02
59.87


6686
369.2
41.65
99%
139.06
46.36


19230
391.37
57.35
98%
149.61
84.83


13949
47.22
6.84
99%
151.24
58.29


11280
287.5
36.75
98%
159.37
38.65


19513
345.16
59.75
97%
163.49
60.93


23762
321.28
26.82
97%
164.97
66.22


13838
437.29
30.14
99%
166.7
55.87


2691
316.24
12.09
98%
168.14
70.13


9572
409.53
66.85
99%
168.33
60.29


6861
397.87
34.78
100%
168.71
47.4


22135
361.16
95.89
98%
170.63
47.21


24388
283.3
44.23
98%
172.33
155.38


18886
403.05
74.14
98%
175.49
63.14


24368
602.67
63.22
99%
183.22
79.82


5381
356.13
13.85
99%
191.57
49.01


9402
342.47
21.74
97%
208.49
68.96


17261
546.81
71.98
99%
219.95
72.35


2101
430.5
35.07
99%
224.81
67.09


24369
546.78
56.44
97%
228.98
103.39


11354
530
66.53
99%
229.49
68.24


8709
90.79
24.72
98%
233.09
61.98


24367
400.74
12.79
99%
245.59
55.58


19052
646.73
83.13
98%
254.53
92.68


22957
665.35
87.82
98%
274.44
208.86


15551
493.87
26.61
99%
304.36
63.07


12317
639.88
73.89
99%
308.65
88.02


4179
845.91
78.29
98%
333.97
135.14


6440
961.78
166.32
97%
351.53
186.44


7111
553.56
43.59
98%
353.19
75.73


18285
707.67
76.76
99%
357.46
132.75


12928
791.23
86.89
98%
410.91
94.08


15051
1110.61
136.73
97%
476.75
412.42


2569
338.95
14.84
98%
721.15
290.78


3803
499.92
74.41
97%
920.04
208.7


18962
573.38
98.13
99%
1606.33
624.84


5052
906.23
65.55
99%
1930.67
442.76


22540
1108.89
178.44
97%
2311.11
657.83










[0219]

21





TABLE 3S










WY-14643







Document Number 1650775













Group
Group

Non Group
Non Group


GLGC ID
Mean
Stdev
LDA Score
Mean
Stdev















3175
81.67
38.5
98%
−24.57
20


2051
31.61
16.91
98%
−19.67
25.77


23627
40.97
4.93
98%
−14.82
37.36


16409
95.86
23.34
97%
−8.25
35.38


14116
38.83
17.55
99%
−7.83
5.25


18029
208.84
94.33
98%
−7.23
21.53


6677
32.1
15.65
98%
−6.62
9.95


20856
275.88
94.5
99%
−5.26
14.41


5565
221.64
85.1
97%
17.46
47.37


12467
216.39
65.04
99%
20.32
20.78


23500
148.59
59.24
99%
22.05
17.54


1858
529
114.56
99%
23.94
68.23


8820
81.06
9.86
99%
28.61
31.53


18082
128.62
31.47
99%
29.7
16.97


4931
135.4
29.63
97%
33.8
32.95


9925
117.26
29.18
98%
42.43
17


24381
97.68
12.7
98%
43.65
17.97


6292
96.5
10.27
98%
43.76
16.97


5518
−34.55
15.68
100%
44.56
14.44


18083
370.91
74.26
98%
45.23
60.06


4272
590.58
82.76
100%
47.77
61.51


7295
114.22
11.36
98%
48.54
27.07


8315
251.82
52.39
98%
50.52
44.35


20855
205.89
56.89
100%
51.41
13.97


15018
153.93
12.99
97%
51.69
40.82


22046
173.79
36.81
97%
52.05
35.05


4438
−53.05
31.71
99%
53.83
12.81


18956
233.24
49.47
99%
57.47
28.38


3631
135.16
24.43
97%
62.18
23.06


4271
1146.85
102.6
100%
63.33
94.28


6553
215.81
43.91
97%
64.81
42.7


3558
192.81
32.74
98%
65.12
31.67


20038
306.38
66.25
98%
68.41
50.76


7517
190.58
26.66
98%
71.67
32.59


3743
185.35
31.74
99%
71.95
25.24


14507
291.71
54.52
98%
74.57
66.85


18749
288.03
90.54
98%
77.94
40.13


4290
293.68
45.21
98%
87.32
46.32


14595
321.16
55.3
98%
89.33
56.57


14264
331.35
82.51
98%
91.8
58.3


397
232.66
39.79
99%
91.99
32.22


18746
280.52
43.35
98%
93.45
48.78


3439
244.57
26.7
99%
100.37
28.67


2190
164.79
17.03
97%
100.78
189.02


18318
279.93
40.82
98%
111.57
48.48


5887
1076.32
275.72
99%
111.64
139.98


3513
212.58
33.36
98%
114.18
27.84


22416
1001.99
170.33
99%
121.52
83.97


22224
487.47
76.85
99%
124.54
72.09


12215
632.99
209.38
98%
141.79
100.45


9373
419.3
49.02
98%
144.86
76.23


15672
378.23
65.03
98%
151.17
68.05


3260
508.28
175.97
98%
153.29
72.65


16700
596.39
103.44
99%
155.05
96.4


18747
457.04
82.08
97%
155.98
76.29


26109
1286.05
121.59
99%
156.58
201.4


22737
685.5
206.71
99%
168.28
96.83


3720
315.08
30.72
98%
179.69
49.62


2113
410.43
34.36
99%
185.32
58.03


15015
374.26
31.51
99%
192.11
63.36


6439
425.56
74.96
97%
196.56
74.01


22370
945.85
62.98
100%
216.15
108.38


2457
1132.75
158.6
99%
227.31
140.2


1728
477.23
66.78
98%
227.92
60.65


18891
1245.42
225.38
99%
230.61
151.12


22620
386.56
21.42
98%
235.22
68.77


19591
567.11
40.94
99%
237.04
108.52


5602
1404.36
215.76
99%
242.82
212.8


24860
67.15
34.2
97%
279.45
115.83


22392
598.76
55.66
99%
296.04
67.51


18742
1303.27
263.5
99%
335.32
154.05


6825
626.39
47.06
98%
336.52
118


21164
991.37
155.11
99%
356.95
172.12


9372
1244.96
107.3
99%
368.29
225.64


8177
121.78
23.64
97%
389.45
423.88


17935
1404.15
220.52
97%
416.54
273.3


10533
1054.36
147.32
98%
421.36
212.4


16944
747.42
72.2
98%
422.41
133.98


21354
2186.83
317.02
98%
437.51
348.77


16323
223.57
44.79
99%
465.4
220.36


9423
273.32
30.42
98%
486.76
134.12


19044
814.58
45.86
97%
502.31
184.58


18727
206.23
25.52
99%
516.82
179.53


18125
1062.51
80.83
99%
529.14
174.32


16704
1486.63
221.63
97%
565.52
242.61


3099
922.46
83.44
97%
599.33
119.33


2813
1250.39
172.69
98%
603.02
185.25


20998
325.2
72.5
97%
606.04
134.27


21010
1699.76
218.74
98%
606.25
249.41


14882
377.63
34.39
97%
607.89
168.14


5616
386.99
47.15
97%
623.82
140.57


16945
1098.96
98.19
98%
628.67
192.67


7420
1415.94
79.85
97%
655.69
311.93


18890
1900.82
258.12
99%
657.78
337.82


3279
1571.19
374.24
98%
708.13
199.08


16190
1581.05
206.33
98%
716.2
226.42


20597
378.94
48.6
98%
742.21
189.37


21341
1797.23
203.99
98%
768.53
328.94


4940
623.22
140.4
98%
1632.44
469.8










[0220]


Claims
  • 1. A method of predicting at least one toxic effect of a compound, comprising: (a) detecting the level of expression in a tissue or cell sample exposed to the compound of two or more genes from Tables 1-3; wherein differential expression of the genes in Tables 1-3 is indicative of at least one toxic effect.
  • 2. A method of predicting the progression of a toxic effect of a compound, comprising: (a) detecting the level of expression in a tissue or cell sample exposed to the compound of two or more genes from Tables 1-3; wherein differential expression of the genes in Tables 1-3 is indicative of toxicity progression.
  • 3. A method of predicting the hepatotoxicity of a compound, comprising: (a) detecting the level of expression in a tissue or cell sample exposed to the compound of two or more genes from Tables 1-3; wherein differential expression of the genes in Tables 1-3 is indicative of hepatotoxicity.
  • 4. A method of identifying an agent that modulates the onset or progression of a toxic response, comprising: (a) exposing a cell to the agent and a known toxin; and (b) detecting the expression level of two or more genes from Tables 1-3; wherein differential expression of the genes in Tables 1-3 is indicative of toxicity.
  • 5. A method of predicting the cellular pathways that a compound modulates in a cell, comprising: (a) detecting the level of expression in a tissue or cell sample exposed to the compound of two or more genes from Tables 1-3; wherein differential expression of the genes in Tables 1-3 is associated the modulation of at least one cellular pathway.
  • 6. The method of any one of claims 1-5, wherein the expression levels of at least 3 genes are detected.
  • 7. The method of any one of claims 1-5, wherein the expression levels of at least 4 genes are detected.
  • 8. The method of any one of claims 1-5, wherein the expression levels of at least 5 genes are detected.
  • 9. The method of any one of claims 1-5, wherein the expression levels of at least 6 genes are detected.
  • 10. The method of any one of claims 1-5, wherein the expression levels of at least 7 genes are detected.
  • 11. The method of any one of claims 1-5, wherein the expression levels of at least 8 genes are detected.
  • 12. The method of any one of claims 1-5, wherein the expression levels of at least 9 genes are detected.
  • 13. The method of any one of claims 1-5, wherein the expression levels of at least 10 genes are detected.
  • 14. A method of claim 1 or 2, wherein the effect is selected from the group consisting of hepatitis, liver necrosis, protein adduct formation and fatty liver.
  • 15. A method of claim 3, wherein the hepatotoxicity is associated with at least one liver disease pathology selected from the group consisting of hepatitis, liver necrosis, protein adduct formation and fatty liver.
  • 16. A method of claim 5, wherein the cellular pathway is modulated by a toxin selected from the group consisting of amitryptiline, ANIT, acetaminophen, carbon tetrachloride, cyproterone acetate, diclofenac, estradiol, indomethacin, valproate, and WY-14643.
  • 17. A set of at least two probes, wherein each of the probes comprises a sequence that specifically hybridizes to a gene in Tables 1-3.
  • 18. A set of probes according to claim 17, wherein the set comprises probes that hybridize to at least 3 genes.
  • 19. A set of probes according to claim 17, wherein the set comprises probes that hybridize to at least 5 genes.
  • 20. A set of probes according to claim 17, wherein the set comprises probes that hybridize to at least 7 genes.
  • 21. A set of probes according to claim 17, wherein the set comprises probes that hybridize to at least 10 genes.
  • 22. A set of probes according to any one of claims 17-21, wherein the probes are attached to a solid support.
  • 23. A set of probes according to claim 22, wherein the solid support is selected from the group consisting of a membrane, a glass support and a silicon support.
  • 24. A solid support comprising at least two probes, wherein each of the probes comprises a sequence that specifically hybridizes to a gene in Tables 1-3.
  • 25. A solid support of claim 24, wherein the solid support is an array comprising at least 10 different oligonucleotides in discrete locations per square centimeter.
  • 26. A solid support of claim 25, wherein the array comprises at least 100 different oligonucleotides in discrete locations per square centimeter.
  • 27. A solid support of claim 25, wherein the array comprises at least 1000 different oligonucleotides in discrete locations per square centimeter.
  • 28. A solid support of claim 25, wherein the array comprises at least 10,000 different oligonucleotides in discrete locations per square centimeter.
  • 29. A computer system comprising: (a) a database containing information identifying the expression level in a tissue or cell sample exposed to a hepatotoxin of a set of genes comprising at least two genes in Tables 1-3; and (b) a user interface to view the information.
  • 30. A computer system of claim 29, wherein the database further comprises sequence information for the genes.
  • 31. A computer system of claim 29, wherein the database further comprises information identifying the expression level for the set of genes in the tissue or cell sample before exposure to a hepatotoxin.
  • 32. A computer system of claim 29, wherein the database further comprises information identifying the expression level of the set of genes in a tissue or cell sample exposed to at least a second hepatotoxin.
  • 33. A computer system of any of claims 29-32, further comprising records including descriptive information from an external database, which information correlates said genes to records in the external database.
  • 34. A computer system of claim 33, wherein the external database is GenBank.
  • 35. A method of using a computer system of any one of claims 29-32 to present information identifying the expression level in a tissue or cell of at least one gene in Tables 1-3, comprising: (a) comparing the expression level of at least one gene in Tables 1-3 in a tissue or cell exposed to a test agent to the level of expression of the gene in the database.
  • 36. A method of claim 35, wherein the expression levels of at least two genes are compared.
  • 37. A method of claim 35, wherein the expression levels of at least five genes are compared.
  • 38. A method of claim 35, wherein the expression levels of at least ten genes are compared.
  • 39. A method of claim 35, further comprising the step of displaying the level of expression of at least one gene in the tissue or cell sample compared to the expression level when exposed to a toxin.
  • 40. A method of claim 4, wherein the known toxin is a hepatotoxin.
  • 41. A method of claim 37, wherein the hepatotoxin is selected from the group consisting of ANIT, acetaminophen, carbon tetrachloride, cyproterone acetate, diclofenac, estradiol, indomethacin, valproate, and WY-14643.
  • 42. A method of any one of claims 1-5, wherein nearly all of the genes in Tables 1-3 are detected.
  • 43. A method of claim 42, wherein all of the genes in any one of Tables 3A-3S are detected.
  • 44. A kit comprising at least one solid support of any one of claims 24-28 packaged with gene expression information for said genes.
  • 45. A kit of claim 44, wherein the gene expression information comprises gene expression levels in a tissue or cell sample exposed to a hepatotoxin.
  • 46. A kit of claim 45, wherein the gene expression information is in an electronic format.
  • 47. A method of any one of claims 1-5, wherein the compound exposure is in vivo or in vitro.
  • 48. A method of any one of claims 1-5, wherein the level of expression is detected by an amplification or hybridization assay.
  • 49. A method of claim 48, wherein the amplification assay is quantitative or semi-quantitative PCR.
  • 50 A method of claim 48, wherein the hybridization assay is selected from the group consisting of Northern blot, dot or slot blot, nuclease protection and microarray assays.
  • 51. A method of identifying an agent that modulates at least one activity of a protein encoded by a gene in Tables 1-3 comprising: (a) exposing the protein to the agent; and (b) assaying at least one activity of said protein.
  • 52. A method of claim 51 wherein the agent is exposed to a cell expressing the protein.
  • 53. A method of claim 52 wherein the cell is exposed to a known toxin.
  • 54. A method of claim 53 wherein the toxin modulates the expression of the protein.
RELATED APPLICATIONS

[0001] This application is related to U.S. Provisional Applications No. 60/222,040, 60/244,880, 60/290,029, 60/290,645, 60/292,336, 60/295,798, 60/297,457, 60/298,884 and 60/303,459, all of which are herein incorporated by reference in their entirety.

Provisional Applications (9)
Number Date Country
60222040 Jul 2000 US
60244880 Nov 2000 US
60290029 May 2001 US
60290645 May 2001 US
60292336 May 2001 US
60295798 Jun 2001 US
60297457 Jun 2001 US
60298884 Jun 2001 US
60303459 Jul 2001 US