Monoclonal antibodies for Ebola and Marburg viruses

Abstract

Described herein are a number of Ebola monoclonal antibodies.

Description

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

Ebola and Marburg viruses are highly pathogenic and virulent viruses causing rapidly fatal haemorrhagic fever in humans.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

According to a first aspect of the invention, there is provided a monoclonal antibody comprising an amino acid sequence deduced from 1H3-light (SEQ ID No. 2); 2G4-light (SEQ ID No. 4); 4G7-light (SEQ ID No. 6); 5D2-light (SEQ ID No. 8); 5E6-light (SEQ ID No. 10); 7C9-light (SEQ ID No. 12); 7G4-light (SEQ ID No. 14), 10C8-light (SEQ ID No. 16), 1H3-heavy (SEQ ID No. 1); 2G4-heavy (SEQ ID No. 3); 4G7-heavy (SEQ ID No. 5); 5D2-heavy (SEQ ID No. 7), 5E6-heavy (SEQ ID No. 9), 7C9-heavy (SEQ ID No. 11), 7G4-heavy (SEQ ID No. 13) and 10C8-heavy (SEQ ID No. 15).

According to a second aspect of the invention, there is provided a method of preparing a chimeric antibody comprising:

providing an expression vector comprising a nucleic acid molecule encoding a constant region domain of a human light chain or heavy chain genetically linked to a nucleic acid encoding a light chain variable region selected from the group consisting of 1H3-light (SEQ ID No. 2); 2G4-light (SEQ ID No. 4); 4G7-light (SEQ ID No. 6); 5D2-light (SEQ ID No. 8); 5E6-light (SEQ ID No. 10); 7C9-light (SEQ ID No. 12); 7G4-light (SEQ ID No. 14) and 10C8-light (SEQ ID No. 16) or a heavy chain variable region selected from the group consisting of 1H3-heavy (SEQ ID No. 1); 2G4-heavy (SEQ ID No. 3); 4G7-heavy (SEQ ID No. 5); 5D2-heavy (SEQ ID No. 7), 5E6-heavy (SEQ ID No. 9), 7C9-heavy (SEQ ID No. 11), 7G4-heavy (SEQ ID No. 13) and 10C8-heavy (SEQ ID No. 15);

expressing the expression vector in a suitable host; and

recovering the chimeric antibody from said host.

According to a third aspect of the invention, there is provided a method of preparing a recombinant antibodies comprising:

providing a nucleotide sequence selected from the group consisting of 1H3-light (SEQ ID No. 2); 204-light (SEQ ID No. 4); 4G7-light (SEQ ID No. 6); 5D2-light (SEQ ID No. 8); 5E6-light (SEQ ID No. 10); 7C9-light (SEQ ID No. 12); 7G4-light (SEQ ID No. 14), 10C8-light (SEQ ID No. 16), 1H3-heavy (SEQ ID No. 1); 2G4-heavy (SEQ ID No. 3); 4G7-heavy (SEQ ID No. 5); 5D2-heavy (SEQ ID No. 7), 5E6-heavy (SEQ ID No. 9), 7C9-heavy (SEQ ID No. 11), 7G4-heavy (SEQ ID No. 13) and 10C8-heavy (SEQ ID No. 15);

modifying said nucleic acid sequence such that at least one but fewer than about 30 of the amino acid residues encoded by said nucleic acid sequence has been changed or deleted without disrupting antigen binding of said peptide; and

expressing and recovering said modified nucleotide sequence.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

FIG. 1. Kaplan-Meier survival curve of mice infected with MA-ZEBOV and treated with MAbs 1 day after infection. Survival curve of MA-Ebola virus-infected mice treated with 100 μg of MAbs. Mice were intraperitoneally treated with 100 μg of each MAb on day 1. Control mice were given equal volumes of PBS.

FIG. 2. Weight changes of GPA-Ebola infected guinea pigs treated with MAbs. Weight changes of virus-infected guinea pigs treated with cocktail of MAbs. Guinea pigs were intraperitoneally treated with either 5D2, 5E6, 7C9, 7G4 or 10C8 (3 mg/treatment) on day 1 and 4G7+1H3+2G4 [(2 mg+1 mg+1 mg)/treatment] on day 2. Control guinea pig were given equal volume of PBS. The results are shown as the means and standard deviations of 6 guinea pigs.

FIG. 3. Weight changes of GPA-Ebola infected guinea pigs treated with MAbs. Weight changes of virus-infected guinea pigs treated with cocktail of MAbs. Guinea pigs were intraperitoneally treated with either 5D2, 5E6, 7C9, 7G4 or 10C8 (3 mg/treatment) on day 1 and 4G7+1H3+2G4 [(2 mg+1 mg+1 mg)/treatment] on day 2. Control guinea pig were given equal volume of PBS. The results are shown as the group weight of 6 guinea pigs.

FIG. 4. Immunoprecipitation. 293T cells were transfected with pCAGGS-ZEbovGP1,2 by using Fugene 6. After 48 hrs, cells were collected and washed 2× with cold PBS before being lysed with 2×RIPA buffer. After clarifying the cell lysate, 100 μg protein was added to each McAb (5 μg) coupled protein A+G beads. The IP samples were run 10% SDS-PAGE and transferred to Hybond-P membrane. The blot was probed with mouse ant-EBOV-GP1.

DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS

Unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which the invention belongs. Although any methods and materials similar or equivalent to those described herein can be used in the practice or testing of the present invention, the preferred methods and materials are now described. All publications mentioned hereunder are incorporated herein by reference.

Definitions

As used herein, “neutralizing antibody” refers to an antibody, for example, a monoclonal antibody, capable of disrupting a formed viral particle or inhibiting formation of a viral particle or prevention of binding to or infection of mammalian cells by a viral particle.

As used herein, “diagnostic antibody” or “detection antibody” or “detecting antibody” refers to an antibody, for example, a monoclonal antibody, capable of detecting the presence of an antigenic target within a sample. As will be appreciated by one of skill in the art, such diagnostic antibodies preferably have high specificity for their antigenic target.

As used herein, “humanized antibodies” refer to antibodies with reduced immunogenicity in humans.

As used herein, “chimeric antibodies” refer to antibodies with reduced immunogenicity in humans built by genetically linking a non-human Variable region to human constant domains.

Described herein are a number of Ebola and Marburg monoclonal antibodies. Specifically, antigens were developed using a live replicating vector vesicular stomatitis virus described in PCT Application PCT/CA03/001125.

The VSV based vaccine delivery system was used to develop monoclonal antibodies in mice.

Specifically, described herein are monoclonal antibodies 1H3, 2G4, 4G7, 5D2, 5E6, 7C9, 7G4 and 10C8. As discussed below, 1H3 comprises 1H3-heavy chain (SEQ ID No. 1) and 1H3-light chain (SEQ ID No. 2); 2G4 comprises 2G4-heavy chain (SEQ ID No. 3) and 2G4-light chain (SEQ ID No. 4); 4G7 comprises 4G7-heavy chain (SEQ ID No. 5) and 4G7-light chain (SEQ ID No. 6); 5D2 comprises 5D2-heavy chain (SEQ ID No. 7) and 5D2-light chain (SEQ ID No. 8); 5E6 comprises 5E6-heavy chain (SEQ ID No. 9) and 5E6-light chain (SEQ ID No. 10); 7C9 comprises 7C9-heavy chain (SEQ ID No. 11) and 7C9-light chain (SEQ ID No. 12); 7G4 comprises 7G4-heavy chain (SEQ ID No. 13) and 7G4-light chain (SEQ ID No. 14); and 10C8 comprises 10C8-light chain (SEQ ID No. 16) and 10C8-heavy chain (SEQ ID No. 15).

These antibodies also appear to have high affinity and avidity to Ebola glycoproteins, which means that they could be used as highly sensitive diagnostic tools.

For example, as shown in FIG. 1, mice infected with MA-ZEBOV and subsequently treated with the monoclonal antibodies described above showed increased survival compared to mice treated with PBS. Results are summarized in Tables 1 and 2.

FIGS. 2 and 3 show weight changes in guinea pigs treated with the monoclonal antibodies or mixtures thereof post infection. As can be seen, guinea pigs treated with the monoclonal antibodies showed consistent weight while those treated with PBS showed significant weight loss. Results are summarized in Table 3.

The nucleotide sequences of the heavy and light chains of 1H3, 2G4, 4G7, 5D2, 5E6, 7C9, 7G4 and 10C8 follow. As will be appreciated by one of skill in the art, the amino acid sequences of these antibodies can easily be deduced from the nucleotide sequences. Accordingly, in some embodiments, the invention is directed to amino acid sequences deduced from 1H3-light (SEQ ID No. 2); 2G4-light (SEQ ID No. 4); 4G7-light (SEQ ID No. 6); 5D2-light (SEQ ID No. 8); 5E6-light (SEQ ID No. 10); 7C9-light (SEQ ID No. 12); 7G4-light (SEQ ID No. 14), 10C8-light (SEQ ID No. 16), 1H3-heavy (SEQ ID No. 1); 2G4-heavy (SEQ ID No. 3); 4G7-heavy (SEQ ID No. 5); 5D2-heavy (SEQ ID No. 7), 5E6-heavy (SEQ ID No. 9), 7C9-heavy (SEQ ID No. 11), 7G4-heavy (SEQ ID No. 13) and 10C8-heavy (SEQ ID No. 15).

mAb 1H3 heavy chain sequence: 373 bp
(SEQ ID No. 1)
TGGGGCAGAGCTTGTGAAGCCAGGGGCCTCAGTCAAGTTGTCCTGCACAG
CTTCTGGCTTCAACATTAAAGACACCTATATACATTGGGTGAAACAGGGG
CCTGAACAGGGCCTGGAGTGGATTGGAAGGATTGATCCTGCGAATGGTAA
TACTAAATATGACCCGAAGTTCCAGGGCAAGGCCACTATCACAGCAGACA
CATCCTCCAATACAGCCTACCTGCAGCTCAGCGGCCTGACATCTGAGGAC
ACTGCCGTCTATTACTGTGCTAGGGAGTCGAGGATATCTACTATGCTTAC
GACGGGGTACTTTGACTACTGGGGCCAAGGCACCACTCTCACAGTCTCCT
CAGCCAAAACAACAGCCCCATCG
mAb 1H3 light chain sequence: 303 bp
(SEQ ID No. 2)
GCAATCATGTCTGCATCTCCAGGGGAGAAGGTCACCATGACCTGCAGTGC
CAGCTCAAGTGTAAGTTACATGTACTGGTACCAGCAGAAGCCAGGATCCT
CCCCCAGACTCCTGATTTATGACACATCCAACCTGGCTTCTGGAGTCCCT
GTTCGCTTCAGTGGCAGTGGGTCTGGGACCTCTTACTCTCTCACAATCAG
CCGAATGGAGGCTGAAGATGCTGCCACTTATTACTGCCAGCAGTGGAGTA
GTTACCCGTACACGTTCGGAGGGGGGACCAAGCTGGAAATAAAACGGGCT
GAT
mAb 2G4 heavy chain sequence: 364 bp
(SEQ ID No. 3)
TGGAGGAGGCTTGATGCAACCTGGAGGATCCATGAAACTCTCCTGTGTTG
CCTCAGGATTCACTTTCAGTAACTACTGGATGAACTGGGTCCGCCAGTCT
CCAGAGAAGGGGCTTGAGTGGGTTGCTGAAATTAGATTGAAATCTAATAA
TTATGCAACACATTATGCGGAGTCTGTGAAAGGGAGGTTCACCATTTCAA
GAGATGATTCCAAAAGGAGTGTCTACCTGCAAATGAATACCTTAAGAGCT
GAAGACACTGGCATTTATTACTGTACCCGGGGGAATGGTAACTACAGGGC
TATGGACTACTGGGGTCAAGGAACCTCAGTCACCGTCTCCTCAGCCAAAA
CAACACCCCCATCA
mAb 2G4 light chain sequence: 306 bp
(SEQ ID No. 4)
GCCTCCCTATCTGTATCTGTGGGAGAAACTGTCTCCATCACATGTCGAGC
AAGTGAGAATATTTACAGTAGTTTAGCATGGTATCAGCAGAAACAGGGAA
AATCTCCTCAGCTCCTGGTCTATTCTGCAACAATCTTAGCAGATGGTGTG
CCATCAAGGTTCAGTGGCAGTGGATCAGGCACTCAGTATTCCCTCAAGAT
CAACAGCCTGCAGTCTGAAGATTTTGGGACTTATTACTGTCAACATTTTT
GGGGTACTCCGTACACGTTCGGAGGGGGGACCAAGCTGGAAATAAAACGG
GCTGAT
mAb 4G7 heavy chain sequence: 358 bp
(SEQ ID No. 5)
TGGACCTGAGCTGGAGATGCCTGGCGCTTCAGTGAAGATATCCTGCAAGG
CTTCTGGTTCCTCATTCACTGGCTTCAGTATGAACTGGGTGAAGCAGAGC
AATGGAAAGAGCCTTGAGTGGATTGGAAATATTGATACTTATTATGGTGG
TACTACCTACAACCAGAAATTCAAGGGCAAGGCCACATTGACTGTGGACA
AATCCTCCAGCACAGCCTACATGCAGCTCAAGAGCCTGACATCTGAGGAC
TCTGCAGTCTATTACTGTGCAAGATCGGCCTACTACGGTAGTACTTTTGC
TTACTGGGGCCAAGGGACTCTGGTCACTGTCTCTGCAGCCAAAACAACAG
CCCCATCG
mAb 4G7 light chain sequence: 306 bp
(SEQ ID No. 6)
GCCTCCCTATCTGCATCTGTGGGAGAAACTGTCACCATCACATGTCGAGC
AAGTGAGAATATTTACAGTTATTTAGCATGGTATCAGCAGAAACAGGGAA
AATCTCCTCAGCTCCTGGTCTATAATGCCAAAACCTTAATAGAGGGTGTG
CCATCAAGGTTCAGTGGCAGTGGATCAGGCACACAGTTTTCTCTGAAGAT
CAACAGCCTGCAGCCTGAAGATTTTGGGAGTTATTTCTGTCAACATCATT
TTGGTACTCCATTCACATTCGGCTCGGGGACAGAGTTGGAAATAAAACGG
GCTGAT
mAb 5D2 heavy chain sequence: 340 bp
(SEQ ID No. 7)
GGGACCTGGCCTGGTGAGACCTTCTCAGTCTCTGTCCCTCACCTGCACTG
TCACTGGCTACTCAATCACCAGTGATTATGCCTGGAACTGGATCCGGCAG
TTTCCAGGAAACAAACTGGAGTGGCTGGGCTATATAACCAACACTGGTAG
CACTGGCTTCAACCCATCTCTCAAAAGTCGAATCTCTATCACTCGAGACA
CATCCAAGAACCAGTTCTTCCTGCAGTTGATTTCTGTGACTACTGAGGAG
ACAGCCACATATCACTGTGCAAGGGGCCTTGCTTACTGGGGCCAAGGGAC
TCTGGTCACTGTCTCTGCAGCCAAAACAACAGCCCCATCG
mAb 5D2 light chain sequence: 321 bp
(SEQ ID No. 8)
CTCACTTTGTCGGTTACCATTGGACAACCAGCCTCCATCTCTTGCAAGTC
AAGTCAGAGCCTCTTAGATAGTGATGGAAAGACATATCTGAATTGGTTGT
TACAGAGGCCAGGCCAGTCTCCAAAGCGCCTAATCTATCTGGTGTCTAAA
CTGGACTCTGGAGTCACTGACAGGTTCACTGGCAGTGGATCAGGGACAGA
TTTCACACTGAAAATCAGCAGAGTGGAGGCTGAGGATTTGGGAGTTTATT
ATTGTTGGCAAGGTACACACTCTCCATTCACGTTCGGCTCGGGGACAAAG
TTGGAAATAAAACGGGCTGAT
mAb 5E6 heavy chain sequence: 370 bp
(SEQ ID No. 9)
TGGGGGAGGCTTAGTGAAGCCTGGAGGGTCCCTGAAACTCTCCTGTGCAG
CCTCTGGATCCGCTTTCAGTAGATATGACATGTCTTGGGTTCGCCAGACT
CCGGAGAAGAGGCTGGAGTGGGTCGCATACATTAGTCGTGGTGGTGGTTT
CATCTACTATCCAGACACTGTGAAGGGCCGATTCACCATCTCCAGAGACA
ATGCCAAGAACACCCTGTACCTGCAAATGAGCAGTCTGAAGTCTGACGAC
ACAGCCATGTATTACTGTGCAAGACACGTTTACTACGGTAGTAGCCCCCT
CTATGCTATGGACTACTGGGGTCAAGGAACCTCAGTCACCGTCTCCTCAG
CCAAAACAACAGCCCCATCG
mAb 5E6 light chain sequence: 324 bp
(SEQ ID No. 10)
TCAGCCTCTTTCTCCCTGGGAGCCTCAGCAAAACTCACGTGCACCTTGAG
TAGTCAGCACAGTACGTTCACCATTGAATGGTATCAGCAACAGCCACTCA
AGCCTCCTAAGTATGTGATGGAGCTTAAGAAAGATGGAAGCCACAGTACA
GGTGATGGGATTCCTGATCGCTTCTCTGGATCCAGCTCTGGTGCTGATCG
CTACCTTAGCATTTCCAACATCCAGCCTGAAGATGAAGCAATATACATCT
GTGGTGTGGGTGATACAATTAATGAACAATTTGTGTATGTTTTCGGCGGT
GGAACCAAGGTCACTGTCCTAGGT
mAb 7C9 heavy chain sequence: 358 bp
(SEQ ID No. 11)
TGGGGCAGAGCTTGTGAAGCCAGGGGCCTCAGTCAAGTTGTCCTGCACAG
CTTCTGGCTTCAACATTAAAGACACCTATATGCACTGGGTGAAGGAGAGG
CCTGACAAGGGCCTGGAGTGGATTGGAAGGATTGATCCAGCGAATGGTAA
TACTAAATGTGACTCGAGGTTTCAGGGCAAGGCCACTATAACAGCAGACA
CATCCTCCAACACAGCCTACCTGCAGCTCAGCAGCCTGACATCTGAGGAC
ACTGCCGTCTATTACTGTGCTAGAAGGATCTACTTTGGTAAGGGCTTTGA
CTTTTGGGGCCAAGGCACCACTCTCACAGTCTCCTCAGCCAAAACAACAG
CCCCATCG
mAb 7C9 light chain sequence: 324 bp
(SEQ ID No. 12)
TCCTCCCTGAGTGTGTCAGCAGGAGAGAAGGTCACTATGAGCTGCAAGTC
CAGTCAGAGTCTGTTTAACAGTGGAGATCAAAAGAACTACTTGGCCTGGT
ACCAGCAGAAACCAGGGCAGCCTCCTAAACTGTTGATCTACGGGGCATCC
ACTAGGGAATCTGGGGTCCCTGATCGCTTCACAGGCAGTGGATCTGGAAC
CGATTTCACTCTTACCATCAGCAGTGTGCAGGCTGAAGACCTGGCAGTTT
ATTACTGTCAGAATGATCAATTTTATCCTCCCACGTTCGGTGATGGGACC
AAGCTGGACCTGAAACGGGCTGAT
mAb 7G4 heavy chain sequence: 367 bp
(SEQ ID No. 13)
TGGAGGGGGCTTGGTACAGCCTGGGGGTTCTCTGAGACTCTCCTGTGCAA
CTTCTGGCTTCACCTTTACTGATCACTACATGGGCTGGGTCCGCCAGCCT
CCAGGAAAGGCACTTGAGTGGTTGGCTTTTGTTAGATACAAAGCTAAGGG
TTACACAACAGAGTACACTGCATCTGTGAAGGGTCGGTTCACCATCTCCA
GAGATAATTCCCAAAGCATCCTCTATCTTCAAATGAACACCCTGAGAACT
GAGGACAGTGCCACTTATTACTGTGCAAGAGATAGAGGGGGTTACGTGGG
AGCTATGGACTACTGGGGTCAAGGAACCTCAGTCACCGTCTCCTCAGC
CAAAACGACACCCCCATCT
mAb 7G4 light chain sequence: 321 bp
(SEQ ID No. 14)
CTCTCCCTGCCTGTCAGTCTTGGAGATCAAGCCTCCATCTCTTGCAGATC
TAGTCAGAGCCTTGTACACAGGAATGGAAACACCTATTTCCATTGGTACC
TGGAGAAGCCAGGCCAGTCTCCAAAACTCCTGATCTACAAAGTTTCCAAC
CGATTTTCTGGGGTCCCAGACAGGTTCAGTGGCAGTGGATCAGGGACAGA
TTTCACACTCAAGATCAGCAGAGTGGAGGCTGAGGATCTGGGAGTTTATT
TCTGCTCTCAAAGTACACATGTTCCGTACACTTTCGGAGGGGGGACCAAG
CTGGAAATAAAACGGGCTGAT
mAb 10C8 heavy chain sequence: 352 bp
(SEQ ID No. 15)
TGGGGCAGAGCTTGTGAGGTCAGGGGCCTCAGTCAAGTTGTCCTGCACAT
CTTCTGGCTTCAACATTAAAGACTACTTTCTACACTGGGTGAAACAGAGG
CCTGAACAGGGCCTGGAGTGGATTGGATGGATTGATCCTGAGAATGGTGA
TACTGAATATGCCCCGAAGTTCCAGGACAAGGCCACTATGACTGCAGACA
CATCCTCCAACACAGCCTACCTGCACCTCAGCAGCCTGACATCTGAGGAC
ACTGGCGTCTATTACTGTAATGCAGATGGTAACTACGGGAAGAACTACTG
GGGCCAAGGCACCACTCTCACCGTCTCCTCAGCCAAAACAACAGCCCCAT
CG
mAb 10C8 light chain sequence: 324 bp
(SEQ ID No. 16)
CTCTCCCTGCCTGTCAGTCTTGGAGATCAAGCCTCCATCTCTTGCAGATC
TAGTCAGAGCCTTGTACACAGTAATGGAAACACCTTTTTACATTGGTACC
TGGAGAAGCCAGGCCAGTCTCCAAAGCTCCTGATCTACAGAGTTTCCAAC
CGATTTTCTGGGGTCCCAGACAGGTTCAGTGGCAGTGGATCAGGGACAGA
TTTCACACTCAAGATCAGCAGAGTGGAGGCTGAGGATCTGGGAGTTTATT
TCTGCTCTCAAAGTACACATGTTCCTCCGTACACGTTCGGAGGGGGGACC
AAGCTGGAAATAAAACGGGCTGAT

In another embodiment of the invention, one or more of the nucleic acid sequences described above encoding the antibody are subjected to humanization techniques or converted into chimeric human molecules for generating a variant antibody which has reduced immunogenicity in humans. Humanization techniques are well known in the art—see for example U.S. Pat. No. 6,309,636 and U.S. Pat. No. 6,407,213 which are incorporated herein by reference specifically for their disclosure on humanization techniques. Chimerics are also well known, see for example U.S. Pat. No. 6,461,824, U.S. Pat. No. 6,204,023, U.S. Pat. No. 6,020,153 and U.S. Pat. No. 6,120,767 which are similarly incorporated herein by reference.

In one embodiment of the invention, chimeric antibodies are prepared by preparing an expression vector which comprises a nucleic acid encoding a constant region domain of a human light or heavy chain genetically linked to a nucleic acid encoding a light chain variable region selected from the group consisting of 1H3-light (SEQ ID No. 2); 2G4-light (SEQ ID No. 4); 4G7-light (SEQ ID No. 6); 5D2-light (SEQ ID No. 8); 5E6-light (SEQ ID No. 10); 7C9-light (SEQ ID No. 12); 7G4-light (SEQ ID No. 14) and 10C8-light (SEQ ID No. 16) or a heavy chain variable region selected from the group consisting of 1H3-heavy (SEQ ID No. 1); 2G4-heavy (SEQ ID No. 3); 4G7-heavy (SEQ ID No. 5); 5D2-heavy (SEQ ID No. 7), 5E6-heavy (SEQ ID No. 9), 7C9-heavy (SEQ ID No. 11), 7G4-heavy (SEQ ID No. 13) and 10C8-heavy (SEQ ID No. 15). It is of note that all of these sequences are described above.

In another embodiment of the invention, there are provided recombinant antibodies comprising at least one modified variable region, said region selected from the group consisting of 1H3-light (SEQ ID No. 2); 2G4-light (SEQ ID No. 4); 4G7-light (SEQ ID No. 6); 5D2-light (SEQ ID No. 8); 5E6-light (SEQ ID No. 10); 7C9-light (SEQ ID No. 12); 7G4-light (SEQ ID No. 14), 10C8-light (SEQ ID No. 16), 1H3-heavy (SEQ ID No. 1); 2G4-heavy (SEQ ID No. 3); 4G7-heavy (SEQ ID No. 5); 5D2-heavy (SEQ ID No. 7), 5E6-heavy (SEQ ID No. 9), 7C9-heavy (SEQ ID No. 11), 7G4-heavy (SEQ ID No. 13) and 10C8-heavy (SEQ ID No. 15), in which at least one but fewer than about 30 of the amino acid residues of said variable region has been changed or deleted without disrupting antigen binding. It is of note that all of these sequences are described above.

In yet other embodiments, immunoreactive fragments of any of the above-described monoclonal antibodies, chimeric antibodies or humanized antibodies are prepared using means known in the art, for example, by preparing nested deletions using enzymatic degradation or convenient restriction enzymes.

It is of note that in all embodiments describing preparation of humanized antibodies, chimeric antibodies or immunoreactive fragments of monoclonal antibodies, these antibodies are screened to ensure that antigen binding has not been disrupted. This may be accomplished by any of a variety of means known in the art, but one convenient method would involve use of a phage display library. As will be appreciated by one of skill in the art, as used herein, ‘immunoreactive fragment’ refers in this context to an antibody fragment reduced in length compared to the wild-type or parent antibody which retains an acceptable degree or percentage of binding activity to the target antigen. As will be appreciated by one of skill in the art, what is an acceptable degree will depend on the intended use.

It is of note that as discussed herein, any of the above-described antibody or humanized variant thereof may be formulated into a pharmaceutical treatment for providing passive immunity for individuals suspected of or at risk of developing hemorrhagic fever comprising a therapeutically effective amount of said antibody. The pharmaceutical preparation may include a suitable excipient or carrier. See, for example, Remington: The Science and Practice of Pharmacy, 1995, Gennaro ed. As will be apparent to one knowledgeable in the art, the total dosage will vary according to the weight, health and circumstances of the individual as well as the efficacy of the antibody.

While the preferred embodiments of the invention have been described above, it will be recognized and understood that various modifications may be made therein, and the appended claims are intended to cover all such modifications which may fall within the spirit and scope of the invention.

TABLE 1
Dose-dependent protective efficacy of McAbs in mice
	Dose	Meantime to	No. of survivors/
Treatmenta	(μg/treatment)	deathb	total
McAb 4G7	100	7.00 (n = 1)	5/6
	50	7.00 (n = 1)	5/6
	25	6.00 (n = 3)	3/6
	12.5	6.80 (n = 5)	1/6
	6.25	8.20 (n = 5)	2/6
McAb 5D2	100	N/Ac	6/6
	50	N/Ac	6/6
	25	N/Ac	6/6
	12.5	N/Ac	6/6
	6.25	7.50 (n = 2)	4/6
McAb 5E6	100	N/Ac	6/6
	50	N/Ac	6/6
	25	N/Ac	6/6
	12.5	6.50 (n = 2)	4/6
	6.25	6.67 (n = 3)	3/6
McAb 7C9	100	N/Ac	6/6
	50	N/Ac	6/6
	25	7.00 (n = 1)	5/6
	12.5	7.00 (n = 1)	5/6
	6.25	6.50 (n = 4)	2/6
McAb 7G4	100	N/Ac	6/6
	50	7.50 (n = 1)	4/6
	25	7.00 (n = 1)	5/6
	12.5	7.60 (n = 5)	1/6
	6.25	6.60 (n = 5)	1/6
McAb 10C8	100	7.00 (n = 1)	5/6
	50	7.00 (n = 1)	5/6
	25	7.50 (n = 4)	2/6
	12.5	7.00 (n = 5)	1/6
	6.25	6.40 (n = 5)	1/6
PBS		5.80 (n = 5)	0/5
aMice were intraperitoneally treated with antibodies 1 day after challenge with 1000 LD50 of the mouse-adapted Ebola virus.
bData for animals that died (numbers of animals are shown in parentheses).
cN/A: not applicable.

TABLE 2
Time dependency of the protective efficacy of MAbs in mice
	Day of		No. of
MAbs	treatmenta	Mean time to deathb	survivors/total
1H3	−4	6.70 ± 0.61(n = 10)	0/10
100 μg	−1	6.60 ± 0.61(n = 10)	0/15
	+1	8.10 ± 0.74 (n = 9)	6/15
	+2	6.60 ± 0.80 (n = 5)	5/10
	+3	6.40 ± 0.97 (n = 10)	0/10
2G4	−4	7.40 ± 0.63 (n = 10)	0/10
100 μg	−1	7.86 ± 0.74 (n = 14)	1/15
	+1	8.00 (n = 6)	9/15
	+2	7.30 ± 0.47 (n = 3)	7/10
	+3	5.70 ± 1.13 (n = 10)	0/10
4G7	−4	7.42 ± 0.46 (n = 7)	3/10
100 μg	−1	7.08 ± 0.74 (n = 14)	1/15
	+1	8.25 ± 0.43 (n = 4)	11/15
	+2	n/ac	10/10
	+3	5.67 ± 1.34 (n = 9)	1/10
5D2	−4	7.00 (n = 1)	9/10
100 μg	−1	8.00 ± 1.00 (n = 2)	13/15
	+1	n/a	15/15
	+2	7.00 (n = 4)	6/10
	+3	6.30 ± 1.05 (n = 10)	0/10
5E6	−4	7.00 (n = 2)	8/10
100 μg	−1	8.25 ± 0.43 (n = 4)	11/15
	+1	7.00 (n = 1)	14/15
	+2	6.00 (n = 1)	9/10
	+3	5.80 ± 1.03 (n = 10)	0/10
7C9	−4	7.00 (n = 1)	9/10
100 μg	−1	7.75 ± 0.43 (n = 4)	11/15
	+1	8.00 ± 0.82 (n = 3)	12/15
	+2	7.00 (n = 1)	9/10
	+3	6.10 ± 0.67 (n = 10)	0/10
7G4	−4	8.20 ± 0.71 (n = 10)	0/10
100 μg	−1	8.07 ± 0.59 (n = 14)	1/15
	+1	n/a	15/15
	+2	7.10 ± 0.57 (n = 9)	1/10
	+3	6.70 ± 0.44 (n = 10)	0/10
10C8	−4	7.83 ± 0.64 (n = 6)	4/10
100 μg	−1	7.64 ± 1.17 (n = 14)	1/15
	+1	8.50 ± 0.50 (n = 2)	13/15
	+2	6.83 ± 0.37 (n = 6)	4/10
	+3	6.30 ± 1.13 (n = 10)	0/10
17F8d	−4	6.00 ± 1.10 (n = 9)	1/10
100 μg	−1	6.13 ± 0.88 (n = 15)	0/15
	+1	7.21 ± 0.86 (n = 14)	1/15
	+2	6.10 ± 0.83 (n = 10)	0/10
	+3	6.00 ± 1.13 (n = 10)	0/10
PBS	−4	5.40 ± 1.43 (n = 10)	0/10
	−1	6.60 ± 0.80 (n = 5)	0/5
	+3	5.00 ± 0.60 (n = 10)	0/10
aMice were intraperitoneally treated with each MAb at indicated time before or after challenge with 1000 LD50 of the mouse-adapted Ebola virus.
bData for animals that died (numbers of animals are shown in parentheses).
cN/A: not applicable.
dControl Mab: anti-MAR GP.

TABLE 3
Protective efficacy of MAbs in guinea pigs
Treatment	Day of treatmenta	Meantime to deathb	No. of survival/Totalc
Cocktail of
5D2(3 mg) +	1
4G7(2 mg) + 1H3(1 mg) + 2G4(1 mg)	2	N/Ad	6/6
Cocktail of
5E6(3 mg) +	1
4G7(2 mg) + 1H3(1 mg) + 2G4(1 mg)	2	N/A	6/6
Cocktail of
7C9(3 mg) +	1
4G7(2 mg) + 1H3(1 mg) +2G4(1 mg)	2	N/A	6/6
Cocktail of
7G4(3 mg)+	1
4G7(2 mg) + 1H3(1 mg) +2G4(1 mg)	2	N/A	6/6
Cocktail of
10C8(3 mg) +	1
4G7(2 mg) + 1H3(1 mg) + 2G4(1 mg)	2	9.00(n = 1)	5/6
Cocktail of
PBS +	1
PBS	2	7.00(n = 6)	0/6
aGuinea pigs were intraperiotoneally treated with the MAbs as showed dose in the table on the indicated days after challenge with 1000 LD50 of the guinea pig-adapted Ebola virus.
b Data for all animals that died(numbers of animals are shown in parentheses).
cSurvival rate on day 28 after challenge.
dN/A: not applicable.

TABLE 4
Summary of ELISA Result of Anti-Ebola-GP McAbs
	Antigen
					Rf-GP1	Mucin
			eGP1,2	sGP	sub-f-D	domain	GP1
McAb	Isotype	eVLPs	ΔTm	1-295aa	157-369aa	333-458aa	1-501aa
1H3	IgG2a, κ	+	+	+	−	−	+
2G4	IgG2b, κ	+	+	−	−	−	−
4G7	IgG2a, κ	+	+	−	−	−	+
5D2	IgG2a, κ	+	+	−	+	+	+
5E6	IgG2a, λ	+	+	−	−	+	+
7C9	IgG2a, κ	+	+	−	+/−	+	+
7G4	IgG1, κ	+	+	−	−	+/−	+
10C8	IgG2a, κ	+	+	−	−	+/−	+
Antigens (0.3 μg/well) were coated in 96 well microtitre plate then blocking with 2% skim milk. Serial dilutions of each MAb were applied to the plate followed by HRP-conjugated goat anti-mouse IgG. After incubabing with substrate, the asorbance awas read at OD405. Cut off was 2X background.

TABLE 5
Prolonged survival seen in McAb-treated Guinea pigs
	Treatmenta	Mean time to deathb	Student's t-test
	MAb 1H3	11.7 ± 2.18 (n = 5)	p = 0.0181
	MAb 2G4	11.5 ± 1.50 (n = 2)	N/Ac
	MAb 4G7	10.5 ± 1.50 (n = 2)	N/Ac
	MAb 5D2	9.4 ± 1.02 (n = 5)	p = 0.0244
	MAb 5E6	10.8 ± 1.47 (n = 5)	p = 0.0092
	MAb 7C9	9.6 ± 0.80 (n = 5)	p = 0.0056
	MAb 7G4	9.6 ± 0.80 (n = 5)	p = 0.0056
	MAb 10C8	9.4 ± 1.20 (n = 5)	p = 0.0428
	PBS	7.67 ± 0.75 (n = 6)	N/Ac
	aGuinea pigs were intraperiotoneally treated with 5 mg of the MAb as showed in the table on day 1 after challenge with 1000 LD50 of the guinea pig-adapted Ebola virus.
	bData for all animals that died (numbers of animals are shown in parentheses).
	cN/A: not applicable.

TABLE 6
Protective efficacy of MAbs in guinea pigs
			No. of
	Day of	Meantime to	survival/
Treatment	treatment a	death b	Total c
Cocktail of 4G7(2 mg) +	−1	11.17 ± 3.09 (n = 3)	3/6
1H3(1.5 mg) + 2G4(1.5 mg)
Cocktail of 4G7(2 mg) +	+1	7.92 ± 0.42 (n = 3)	3/6
1H3(1.5 mg) + 2G4(1.5 mg)
Cocktail of 4G7(2 mg) +	+2	N/A d	6/6
1H3(1.5 mg) + 2G4(1.5 mg)
Cocktail of 4G7(2 mg) +	+3	11.17± 3.09 (n = 3)	4/6
1H3(1.5 mg) + 2G4(1.5 mg)
PBS	+2	6.58 ± 0.59 (n = 6)	3/6
a Guinea pigs were intraperiotoneally treated with the MAbs as showed dose in the table on the indicated days before or after challenge with 1000 LD50 of the guinea pig-adapted Ebola virus.
b Data for all animals that died(numbers of animals are shown in parentheses).
c Survival rate on day 28 after challenge.
d N/A: not applicable.

Claims

1. A pharmaceutical composition for the treatment of Ebola, the pharmaceutical composition comprising at least a first monoclonal antibody and a second monoclonal antibody, wherein the first monoclonal antibody is selected from a group consisting of: (a) a monoclonal antibody or antigen binding fragment thereof comprising a light chain variable region comprising the amino acid sequence deduced from the nucleic acid molecule as set forth in SEQ ID NO: 2, humanized variants thereof, or chimeric variants thereof; and a heavy chain variable region comprising the amino acid sequence deduced from the nucleic acid molecule as set forth in SEQ ID No: 1, humanized variants thereof, or chimeric variants thereof;(b) a monoclonal antibody or antigen binding fragment thereof comprising a light chain variable region comprising the amino acid sequence deduced from the nucleic acid molecule as set forth in SEQ ID NO: 4, humanized variants thereof, or chimeric variants thereof; and a heavy chain variable region comprising the amino acid sequence deduced from the nucleic acid molecule as set forth in SEQ ID No: 3, humanized variants thereof, or chimeric variants thereof; and(c) a monoclonal antibody or antigen binding fragment thereof comprising a light chain variable region comprising the amino acid sequence deduced from the nucleic acid molecule as set forth in SEQ ID NO:6, humanized variants thereof, or chimeric variants thereof; and a heavy chain variable region comprising the amino acid sequence deduced from the nucleic acid molecule as set forth in SEQ ID No: 5, humanized variants thereof, or chimeric variants thereof.

2. The pharmaceutical composition of claim 1, further comprising a pharmaceutically acceptable excipient or carrier.

3. A method of treating a patient suspected of having hemorrhagic fever or at risk of developing hemorrhagic fever, the method comprising: i) identifying such a patient;ii) administering a therapeutically effective amount of a pharmaceutical composition comprising at least a first monoclonal antibody and a second monoclonal antibody, wherein the first monoclonal antibody is selected from a group consisting of:(a) a monoclonal antibody or antigen binding fragment thereof comprising a light chain variable region comprising the amino acid sequence deduced from the nucleic acid molecule as set forth in SEQ ID NO: 2, humanized variants thereof, or chimeric variants thereof and a heavy chain variable region comprising the amino acid sequence deduced from the nucleic acid molecule as set forth in SEQ ID No: 1, humanized variants thereof, or chimeric variants thereof;(b) a monoclonal antibody or antigen binding fragment thereof comprising a light chain variable region comprising the amino acid sequence deduced from the nucleic acid molecule as set forth in SEQ ID NO: 4, humanized variants thereof, or chimeric variants thereof and a heavy chain variable region comprising the amino acid sequence deduced from the nucleic acid molecule as set forth in SEQ ID No: 3, humanized variants thereof, or chimeric variants thereof; and(c) a monoclonal antibody or antigen binding fragment thereof comprising a light chain variable region comprising the amino acid sequence deduced from the nucleic acid molecule as set forth in SEQ ID NO: 6, humanized variants thereof, or chimeric variants thereof and a heavy chain variable region comprising the amino acid sequence deduced from the nucleic acid molecule as set forth in SEQ ID No: 5, humanized variants thereof, or chimeric variants thereof.

4. The method of claim 3, wherein the pharmaceutical composition further comprises a pharmaceutically acceptable excipient or carrier.