Patent Application
20170071186
The present invention relates to a mosquito control aerosol which includes: a pressure-resistant container equipped with a metering spray valve, that contains a liquid aerosol-forming material including an insect pest control component and an organic solvent, and a propellant; and a spray button having a spray outlet connected to the metering spray valve. The present invention also relates to a mosquito control method using the mosquito control aerosol.
There are techniques of getting rid of flying insect pests: e.g., vaporizing and diffusing a chemical including an insecticidal component from a carrier impregnated with the chemical into a treatment space; directly spraying the chemical to flying insect pests; previously spraying the chemical to a place where flying insect pests are likely to come; etc. In this regard, aerosol insecticides including an insecticidal component have been developed as products for getting rid of flying insect pests entering houses. The aerosol insecticide can be used to easily spray the insecticidal component into a treatment space, and therefore, is widely used as a convenient product.
A conventional aerosol insecticide reduces a decrease in the proportion of the chemical remaining in the air in a room (see, for example, Patent Literature 1). According to Patent Literature 1, after the chemical is released, the chemical is caused to remain in the air so that the decrease in the concentration of the chemical in the air is reduced, whereby the sufficient effect of getting rid of mosquitoes hiding behind something can be sustained.
Another aerosol insecticide has a particle size larger than that of Patent Literature 1 when the chemical is sprayed into a room (see, for example, Patent Literature 2). The aerosol insecticide of Patent Literature 2 is based on the same principle as that of Patent Literature 1, i.e., that the effect of killing mosquitoes is improved by allowing the chemical to remain in the air in a room for as long as possible.
On the other hand, an aerosol insecticide may be caused to adhere to surfaces of objects or fixtures and fittings in a room of a house in order to get rid of flying insect pests in the room (see, for example, Patent Literature 3). According to Patent Literature 3, a particular chemical compound caused to adhere to objects etc. in a room evaporates and diffuses into the room. Therefore, flying insect pests in a house can be efficiently got rid of using a simple means without the necessity of repeated spraying or continual operation of electrical equipment etc.
Patent Literature 1: Japanese Unexamined Patent Application Publication No. 2001-17055
Patent Literature 2: Japanese Unexamined Patent Application Publication No. 2013-99336
Patent Literature 3: Japanese Unexamined Patent Application Publication No. 2001-328913
According to the aerosol insecticide of Patent Literature 1, an attempt has been made to increase the duration for which the chemical remains in the air by adjusting the particle size of the chemical diffused in a room, whereby the chemical lasts for a longer period of time. However, the proportion of chemical particles remaining in the air after 12 hours or more from the start of the process is 0.5% or more. The duration of the aerosol insecticide of Patent Literature 1, which is intended to maintain the proportion of the chemical remaining in the air, is limited. Also, in Patent Literature 2, the proportion of chemical particles remaining in the air is similar to that of Patent Literature 1. The aerosol insecticide of Patent Literature 2 cannot be expected to remain in the air for a long period of time.
Of mosquitoes to be controlled (it is herein assumed that the mosquitoes include not only mosquitoes of the Culicidae, such as Culex pipiens, Aedes albopictus, etc., but also Chironomidae, Psychodidae, etc. of the suborder Nematocera), particularly Culex pipiens and Aedes albopictus not only suck blood but also transmit infectious disease. It is necessary to protect individuals against these mosquitoes. There is an increasing demand for establishment of a more effective technique of getting rid of these mosquitoes. Mosquitoes are flying insect pests which enter houses night and day. Therefore, ideally, the effect of an insecticide should be sustained all day, i.e., for a 24-hour period.
As described above, however, the effects of the aerosol insecticides of Patent Literatures 1 and 2 are sustained for as short as about 12 hours. In Patent Literatures 1 and 2, the chemical is actively caused to remain in the air by adjusting the particle size of the chemical. However, the presence of the chemical particles remaining in the air means that a human or pet in the treatment space may spend a long time in an environment in which they inhale the chemical. Therefore, the aerosol insecticides are not preferable in terms of influence on humans and pets.
The technique of getting rid of flying insect pests according to Patent Literature 3 is unclear as to whether or not the effect can be maintained stable over a long period of time. Chemical particles sprayed into the air may behave in the following ways: (A) remaining suspended in the air; (B) adhering to a floor or a wall; (C) after (B), vaporizing and/or diffusing again, or (D) decomposing and disappearing due to light etc. In this regard, the technique of Patent Literature is categorized into (C). However, when the chemical adhering to objects etc. in a room vaporizes and/or diffuses into the air again, the vaporization and/or diffusion are easily affected by temperature, airflow, etc. Therefore, the technique of Patent Literature 3 does not always provide the stable effect of getting rid of flying insect pests.
With the above problems in mind, the present invention has been made. It is an object of the present invention to provide a mosquito control aerosol which can maintain the effect of significantly controlling flying insect pests, particularly mosquitoes, for long period of time while reducing the influence on humans and pets, and a mosquito control method using the mosquito control aerosol.
To solve the object, a mosquito control aerosol according to the present invention is characterized in that it includes:
a pressure-resistant container equipped with a metering spray valve, the container containing a liquid aerosol-forming material including an insect pest control component and an organic solvent, and a propellant; and
a spray button having a spray outlet connected to the metering spray valve,
wherein
the volume of the liquid aerosol-forming material sprayed when the spray button is pressed down once is adjusted to 0.1 to 0.4 mL, and the spray force thereof as measured at a distance of 20 cm from the spray outlet at 25° C. is adjusted to 0.3 to 10.0 g·f, and
at least a portion of the liquid aerosol-forming material is sprayed from the spray outlet in the form of adhesive particles which adhere to an exposed portion in a treatment space.
As described in the above section “TECHNICAL PROBLEM,” conventional aerosol insecticides have been developed in order to actively diffuse chemical particles into a treatment space and allow the chemical particles to remain in the air for as long as possible. However, when the chemical particles suspended in the treatment space remain for a long period of time, a human or pet which enters the treatment space is likely to inhale the chemical particles, leading to a risk of health problems.
Incidentally, the present inventors' study has found that, for mosquitoes typified by Culicidae (hereinafter simply referred to as “mosquitoes”), the period of time for which the insect is sitting on a wall surface etc. is longer than the period of time for which the insect is flying. In other words, most of mosquitoes which have entered a house are sitting on a wall surface etc. to wait for a chance to suck blood from a human. Therefore, the conventional technique of causing the chemical particles to be suspended in a treatment space for a longer period of time, produces the effect of controlling flying mosquitoes to some degree. However, the effect of the chemical cannot sufficiently affect mosquitoes sitting on a wall surface etc. As a result, mosquitoes cannot be completely controlled. The present inventors have conceived based on the above study result that, by increasing the effect of controlling mosquitoes sitting on a wall surface etc., the control of all mosquitoes entering a house can be improved while reducing inhalation of the chemical by a human or pet.
Therefore, in the mosquito control aerosol of the present invention, at least a portion of the liquid aerosol-forming material sprayed into a treatment space is in the form of adhesive particles which adhere to an exposed portion in the treatment space (e.g., a floor surface or a wall surface, a surface of an object, such as furniture etc., in the treatment space). Therefore, mosquitoes sitting on the exposed portion and mosquitoes flying in the treatment space can both be effectively knocked down or killed, whereby the effect of controlling all mosquitoes can be improved. Also, even if particles other than the adhesive particles (referred to as “suspendable particles”) diffuse throughout the treatment space, the concentration of the liquid aerosol-forming material in the treatment space is reduced by an amount corresponding to the amount of the adhesive particles. Therefore, the amount of the liquid aerosol-forming material particles inhaled by a human or pet in the treatment space is considerably small, and therefore, the mosquito control aerosol is safer for humans and pets.
Also, in the mosquito control aerosol of the present invention, the volume of the liquid aerosol-forming material sprayed when the spray button is pressed down once is adjusted to 0.1 to 0.4 mL, and the spray force thereof as measured at a distance of 20 cm from the spray outlet at 25° C. is adjusted to 0.3 to 10.0 g·f. The spray volume and spray force thus adjusted allow at least a portion of the sprayed liquid aerosol-forming material to be in the form of adhesive particles, resulting in a good control effect on mosquitoes.
To solve the object, a mosquito control aerosol according to the present invention is characterized in that it includes:
a pressure-resistant container equipped with a metering spray valve, the container containing a liquid aerosol-forming material including an insect pest control component and an organic solvent, and a propellant; and
a spray button having a spray outlet connected to the metering spray valve,
wherein
the volume of the liquid aerosol-forming material sprayed when the spray button is pressed down once is adjusted to 0.1 to 0.4 mL, and the spray force thereof as measured at a distance of 20 cm from the spray outlet at 25° C. is adjusted to 0.3 to 10.0 g·f, and
the liquid aerosol-forming material is sprayed from the spray outlet in the form of adhesive particles which adhere to an exposed portion in a treatment space and suspendable particles which suspend in the treatment space.
In the mosquito control aerosol of the present invention, the liquid aerosol-forming material sprayed into a treatment space is in the form of two types of particles: adhesive particles which adhere to an exposed portion in the treatment space (e.g., a floor surface or a wall surface, a surface of an object, such as furniture etc., in the treatment space); and suspendable particles which are suspended in the treatment space. In other words, the two types of liquid aerosol-forming material particles sprayed in the treatment space have their respective roles, whereby the effect of controlling the insects can be efficiently achieved at optimum places in the treatment space. Therefore, mosquitoes sitting on the exposed portion and mosquitoes flying in the treatment space can both be effectively knocked down or killed, whereby the effect of controlling all mosquitoes can be improved. Also, the liquid aerosol-forming material sprayed into the treatment space is in the form of either adhesive particles or suspendable particles. As a result, even if the suspendable particles diffuse throughout the treatment space, not all the liquid aerosol-forming material is in the form of suspendable particles and diffused in the treatment space. Therefore, the concentration of the liquid aerosol-forming material in the treatment space is reduced by an amount corresponding to the amount of the adhesive particles. Therefore, the amount of the liquid aerosol-forming material particles inhaled by a human or pet in the treatment space considerably small, and therefore, the mosquito control aerosol is safer for humans and pets.
Also, in the mosquito control aerosol of the present invention, the volume of the liquid aerosol-forming material sprayed when the spray button is pressed down once is adjusted to 0.1 to 0.4 mL, and the spray force thereof as measured at a distance of 20 cm from the spray outlet at 25° C. is adjusted to 0.3 to 10.0 g·f. The spray volume and spray force thus adjusted allow the sprayed liquid aerosol-forming material to be in the form of adhesive particles and suspendable particles, resulting in a good control effect on mosquitoes.
In the mosquito control aerosol of the present invention, the adhesive particle preferably has a particle size of 20 to 80 μm as measured at a distance of 15 cm from the spray outlet at 25° C., where the particle size is the d90 particle size (90% particle size) in the volume cumulative distribution.
According to the mosquito control aerosol having this feature, by adjusting the adhesive particle to the above optimum range, mosquitoes sitting on an exposed portion can be reliably knocked down or killed by the insect pest control component of the adhesive particle.
In the mosquito control aerosol of the present invention, the amount of the adhering adhesive particles is preferably 0.01 to 0.4 mg per square meter of an exposed portion in a treatment space.
According to the mosquito control aerosol having this feature, by adjusting the amount of the adhering adhesive particles to the above optimum range, mosquitoes sitting on an exposed portion can be reliably knocked down or killed by the insect pest control component of the adhesive particle.
In the mosquito control aerosol of the present invention, the suspendable particle preferably has a particle size of less than 20 μm as measured at a distance of 15 cm from the spray outlet at 25° C., where the particle size is the d90 particle size in the volume cumulative distribution.
According to the mosquito control aerosol having this feature, by adjusting the suspendable particle to the above optimum range, mosquitoes flying in the treatment space can be knocked down or killed by the insect pest control component of the suspendable particle.
In the mosquito control aerosol of the present invention, the volume ratio (a/b) of the liquid aerosol-forming material (a) and the propellant (b) placed in the pressure-resistant container is preferably 10/90 to 50/50.
According to the mosquito control aerosol having this feature, when the volume ratio (a/b) of the liquid aerosol-forming material (a) to the propellant (b) is within the above range, the adhesive particles formed from the sprayed liquid aerosol-forming material are in their optimum state. Also, an optimum balance is achieved between the adhesive particles and the suspendable particles. As a result, the adhesive particle can realiably reach the exposed portion in the treatment space, and the suspendable particle can be suspended in the treatment space in an amount which does not affect humans or pets. Thus, the adhesive particle and the suspendable particle are in their respective optimum states, and play their respective roles in providing the effect of the insect pest control component as much as possible.
In the mosquito control aerosol of the present invention, the organic solvent is preferably at least one selected from the group consisting of higher fatty acid esters and alcohols.
According to the mosquito control aerosol having this feature, the organic solvent is at least one selected from the group consisting of higher fatty acid esters and alcohols. By using such an organic solvent, the effect of each component can be efficiently achieved. Also, when the liquid aerosol-forming material is sprayed, adhesive particles and suspendable particles can be formed in balanced amounts, resulting in a stable control effect on mosquitoes.
In the mosquito control aerosol of the present invention, the insect pest control component preferably has a vapor pressure of 2×10−4 to 1×10−2 mmHg at 30° C.
According to the mosquito control aerosol having this feature, as the insect pest control component, one which has a vapor pressure of 2×10−4 to 1×10−2 mmHg at 30° C. is employed. If such an insect pest control component is employed, then when the liquid aerosol-forming material is sprayed, adhesive particles can be formed in their optimum state. Also, adhesive particles and suspendable particles can be formed in balanced amounts, be in their respective optimum states, and play their respective roles in providing the effect of the insect pest control component. Also, when the insect pest control component is formulated together with other components and the above organic solvent and propellant, an effective mosquito control aerosol can be achieved.
In the mosquito control aerosol of the present invention, when the liquid aerosol-forming material is sprayed into a treatment space once, an effect of the insect pest control component is preferably sustained for 20 hours or more in a space of 33 m′ or less.
In the methods for getting rid of mosquitoes using an aerosol insecticide, that are disclosed in Patent Literatures 1 and 2, the chemical is sustained for 12 hours. However, in the mosquito control aerosol of the present invention, when the liquid aerosol-forming material is sprayed into a treatment space only once, the insect pest control effect can be sustained for 20 hours or more, i.e., substantially all day, in a space of 33 m3 or less.
In the mosquito control aerosol of the present invention, when the liquid aerosol-forming material is sprayed into a treatment space once, the proportion of the insect pest control component remaining in the air two hours after the spraying is preferably 0.05 to 5%.
According to the mosquito control aerosol having this feature, when the liquid aerosol-forming material is sprayed into a treatment space once, the proportion of the insect pest control component remaining in the air (in the treatment space) two hours after the spraying is adjusted to 0.05 to 5%. Within such a range, the insect pest control component of the suspendable particle can be effectively vaporized and/or diffused in the treatment space. Although the suspendable particle remains in the air even after two hours has passed, the concentration of the remaining suspendable particle is maintained low. Therefore, the risk of affecting humans and pets significantly reduced while keeping the effect of knocking down or killing mosquitoes flying in the treatment space, resulting in safe use.
In the mosquito control aerosol of the present invention, the spray outlet preferably has an inner diameter of 0.2 to 1.0 mm.
According to the mosquito control aerosol having this feature, the inner diameter set to be within the above optimum range. Therefore, the particle size and spray force of the liquid aerosol-forming material can be suitably adjusted, and adhesive particles can be formed in their optimum state, resulting in providing the effect of the insect pest control component. Also, adhesive particles and suspendable particles can be formed in balanced amounts. As a result, the adhesive and suspendable particles can be in their optimum states in the treatment space, and play their respective roles in providing the effect of the insect pest control component.
To solve the above object, a mosquito control method according to the present invention is characterized in that it includes:
using any one of the above mosquito control aerosols to spray the liquid aerosol-forming material into a treatment space to knock down or kill mosquitoes.
The mosquito control method of this feature is performed using the mosquito control aerosol of the present invention, and therefore, a good mosquito control effect similar to that of the above mosquito control aerosol can be achieved.
In the mosquito control method of the present invention, the liquid aerosol-forming material is preferably sprayed into the treatment space once every 24 hours.
In the mosquito control aerosol of the present invention, as described above, the insect pest control component is sustained for 20 hours or more, i.e., substantially a day. Therefore, the mosquito control aerosol can be used to spray the liquid aerosol-forming material into a treatment space once every 24 hours. By performing such a mosquito control method, the insect pest control effect can be sustained over living hours only by spraying once a day at a predetermined time every day.
A mosquito control aerosol according to the present invention includes: a pressure-resistant container equipped with a metering spray valve, that contains a liquid aerosol-forming material including an insect pest control component and an organic solvent, and a propellant; and a spray button having a spray outlet connected to the metering spray valve. The mosquito control aerosol of the present invention will now be described. Note that the present invention is not intended to be limited to configurations described in embodiments and drawings described below.
<Liquid Aerosol-Forming Material>
[Insect Pest Control Component]
The insect pest control component, which is one of the major components of the liquid aerosol-forming material, has a vapor pressure of 2×10−4 to 1×10 at 30° C. As such an insect pest control component, metofluthrin, transfluthrin, etc. is preferably selected. These insect pest control components may be used alone or in combination. Note that the present invention also includes optical and geometric isomers based on asymmetric carbons of metofluthrin and transfluthrin.
The amount of the insect pest control component included in the liquid aerosol-forming material is preferably 1.0 to 50% by weight, taking it into consideration that the liquid aerosol-forming material is dissolved in an organic solvent before being sprayed into a treatment space. Within such a range, the insect pest control component is easily dissolved in the organic solvent, and when the liquid aerosol-forming material is sprayed, adhesive particles are easily formed from at least a portion of the liquid aerosol-forming material, and other particles are easily formed as suspendable particles in addition to the adhesive particles (the adhesive and suspendable particles will be described below in detail). If the amount of the insect pest control component included in the liquid aerosol-forming material is less than 1.0% by weight, the effect of the insect pest control component cannot be sufficiently provided, resulting in an insufficient effect of controlling mosquitoes. On the other hand, if the amount of the insect pest control component included in the liquid aerosol-forming material exceeds 50% by weight, the concentration of the insect pest control component is high, and therefore, it is difficult to appropriately formulate the liquid aerosol-forming material.
As described above, the insect pest control component contained in the mosquito control aerosol of the present invention is preferably one which has a vapor pressure of 2×10−4 to 1×10 mmHg at 30° C. (metofluthrin, transfluthrin, etc.). In addition to these components, the mosquito control aerosol of the present invention may contain pyrethroid compounds, such as profluthrin, empenthrin, etc., other pyrethroid compounds, such as phthalthrin, resmethrin, cyfluthrin, phenothrin, permethrin, cyphenothrin, cypermethrin, allethrin, prallethrin, furamethrin, imiprothrin, etofenprox, etc., silicon-based compounds, such as silafluofen etc., organic phosphorus compounds, such as dichlorvos, fenitrothion, etc., carbamate compounds, such as propoxur etc., etc.
The insect pest control component is adjusted so that when the liquid aerosol-forming material is sprayed into a treatment space once, the proportion of the insect pest control component remaining in the air (treatment space) after two hours have passed is 0.05 to 5%. The proportion remaining in the air is represented by the proportion of the number of particles present in a treatment space after a predetermined period of time has passed (Q) to the number of particles present in the treatment space immediately after spraying (P), i.e., Q/P×100(%), this can be easily calculated based on the theoretical concentration of the insect pest control component in the air, and the concentration of the insect pest control component in the air after a predetermined period of time has passed, as described in examples below. The amount of the insect pest control component sprayed in this case is adjusted to 5.0 to 30 mg per 4.5 to 8 Jyos (Jyo is a Japanese unit of area: 1 Jyo is equal to about 1.8 m2) (about 18.5 to 33.0 m3). Within such a range, adhesive particles are formed in their optimum state from the liquid aerosol-forming material, and can provide the insect pest control effect. Also, when both adhesive particles and suspendable particles are formed, the adhesive particles and suspendable particles are provided in balanced amounts to bP in their respective optimum states and play their respective roles in providing the insect pest control effect. Although the proportion remaining is relatively low as described above, mosquitoes can be effectively knocked down or killed. Moreover, even when a human or pet in the treatment space inhales the insect pest control component, the human or pet is not likely to be affected by the insect pest control component, and therefore, the mosquito control aerosol of the present invention can be safely used.
[Organic Solvent]
The organic solvent, which is another of the major components of the liquid aerosol-forming material, allows the insect pest control component to be dissolved therein to formulate the liquid aerosol-forming material, and allows the formulated liquid aerosol-forming material to form optimum particles when the formulated liquid aerosol-forming material is sprayed into a treatment space. Preferable examples of the organic solvent include higher fatty acid esters and alcohols. The higher fatty acid ester preferably has 16 to 20 carbon atoms in total. Examples of such a higher fatty acid ester include isopropyl myristate, butyl myristate, hexyl laurate, isopropyl palmitate, etc. Of these esters, isopropyl myristate is particularly preferable. The alcohol is preferably a lower alcohol having 2 or 3 carbon atoms. The organic solvent may be mixed with, for example, hydrocarbon solvents, such as n-paraffin, isoparaffin, etc., glycol ethers and ketone solvents having 3 to 6 carbon atoms, etc.
[Other Components]
The mosquito control aerosol of the present invention may be suitably mixed with, in addition to the above components, acaricides, fungicides against molds, fungi, etc., antimicrobial agents, bactericides, aroma agents, air fresheners, stabilizers, antistatic agents, defoamers, excipients, etc. Examples of the acaricide include 5-chloro-2-trifluoromethane sulfonamide methyl benzoate, phenyl salicylate, 3-iodo-2-propynylbutyl carbamate, etc. Examples of the fungicide, antimicrobial agent, and bactericide include hinokitiol, 2-mercaptobenzothiazole, 2-(4-thiazolyl) benzimidazole, 5-chloro-2-methyl-4-isothiazoline-3-one, triforine, 3-methyl-4-isopropylphenol, ortho-phenylphenol, etc. Examples of the aroma agent include aroma components, such as orange oil, lemon oil, lavender oil, peppermint oil, eucalyptus oil, citronella oil, lime oil, yuzu oil, jasmine oil, cypress oil, green tea essential oil, limonene, α-pinene, linalool, geraniol, phenylethyl alcohol, amylcinnamic aldehyde, cuminaldehyde, benzyl acetate, etc., perfume components mixed with a leaf alcohol or leaf aldehyde called “fragrance of green,” etc.
<Propellant>
Examples of the propellant used in the mosquito control aerosol of the present invention include liquefied petroleum gas (LPG), dimethyl ether (DME), nitrogen gas, carbonic acid gas, nitrous oxide, compressed air, etc. These propellants may be used alone or in combination. It is easy to use the mosquito control aerosol of the present invention containing LPG as a major component.
In the mosquito control aerosol of the present invention, the volume ratio (a/b) of the liquid aerosol-forming material (a) to the propellant (b) is adjusted to 10/90 to 50/50. Within such a range, adhesive particles are formed from at least a portion of the liquid aerosol-forming material. As a result, the adhesive particle can reliably reach an exposed portion in a treatment space, while the suspendable particle can be suspended in a treatment space in an amount in which the suspendable particle does not affect humans or pets. Thus, the adhesive particles are in their optimum state, and can provide the insect pest control effect as much as possible. When both adhesive particles and suspendable particles are formed, an optimum balance is achieved therebetween. As a result, the adhesive particle can reliably reach an exposed portion in a treatment space, while the suspendable particle can be suspended in a treatment space in an amount in which the suspendable particle does not affect humans or pets. Thus, the adhesive particle and the suspendable particle are in their respective optimum states, and play their respective roles in providing the insect pest control effect as much as possible. If the proportion of the propellant (b) is increased to decrease the volume ratio (a/b) from 10/90, i.e., the amount of the propellant contained in the pressure-resistant container is increased, the sprayed liquid aerosol-forming material is atomized to an unnecessarily small size, so that the number of the adhesive particles is reduced. As a result, there is not enough of the adhesive particles adhering to an exposed portion in a treatment space, and therefore, mosquitoes sitting on the exposed portion may not be reliably controlled. On the other hand, if the proportion of the propellant (b) is decreased to increase the volume ratio (a/b) from 50/50, i.e., the amount of the propellant contained in the pressure-resistant container is decreased, it is difficult for the sprayed liquid aerosol-forming material to form adhesive particles and suspendable particles having particle sizes falling within the above optimum ranges, and therefore, the liquid aerosol-forming material quickly settles after being sprayed.
Therefore, the adhesive particle adhering to the exposed portion in the treatment space and the suspendable particle suspended in the treatment space are both quantitatively insufficient, and therefore, it is difficult to quickly knock down or kill mosquitoes.
<Mosquito Control Aerosol>
As described above, the insect pest control component, the organic solvent, the propellant, and other optional components to be mixed, are selected, and then placed in a pressure-resistant container, to produce an aerosol product. This aerosol product is the mosquito control aerosol of the present invention, which is used to spray the liquid aerosol-forming material into a treatment space. The liquid aerosol-forming material mainly includes the insect pest control component and the organic solvent. Although, strictly speaking, the liquid aerosol-forming material is separate from the propellant, the liquid aerosol-forming material is released from the pressure-resistant container together with the propellant, and therefore, in the description that follows, the contents of the aerosol including the liquid aerosol-forming material and the propellant may be collectively referred to as “the liquid aerosol-forming material.” Here, the spray valve included in the mosquito control aerosol of the present invention will be described. The mosquito control aerosol of the present invention mainly includes a pressure-resistant container (aerosol container), a metering spray valve, and a spray button. The spray button, which is an actuator for spraying the liquid aerosol-forming material, is connected to the metering spray valve. The spray button has a spray outlet through which the liquid aerosol-forming material is sprayed out of the aerosol container (into a treatment space).
When the spray button of the mosquito control aerosol is pressed down once, the metering spray valve is actuated by the pressure of the propellant, the liquid aerosol-forming material is lifted to the spray outlet in the pressure-resistant container and then sprayed into a treatment space. In this case, the volume of the sprayed liquid aerosol-forming material is adjusted to 1 to 0.4 mL, more preferably 0.2 to 0.4 mL. Within such a range, adhesive particles are formed from at least a portion of the liquid aerosol-forming material. When both adhesive particles and suspendable particles are formed, the adhesive and suspendable particles are formed in balanced amounts to provide their respective optimum control effects in the treatment space. If the spray volume is less than 0.1 mL, the spray volume is excessively small, and therefore, there is not enough of the adhesive particles adhering to an exposed portion in the treatment space, so that it is difficult to knock down or kill mosquitoes sitting on the exposed portion. Also, there is not enough of the suspendable particles, so that it is difficult to knock down or kill mosquitoes flying in the treatment space. On the other hand, if the spray volume exceeds 0.4 mL, an unnecessarily large amount of the liquid aerosol-forming material is released to the treatment space, so that it is difficult to allow humans or pets to enter the treatment space. Also, the amount of the liquid aerosol-forming material which is used is excessively large, resulting in economic disadvantage.
The mosquito control aerosol is adjusted to have a spray force of 0.3 to 10.0 g·f as measured at a distance of 20 cm from the spray outlet at 25° C. Within such a range, by spraying the liquid aerosol-forming material once, adhesive particles formed from the liquid aerosol-forming material are allowed to smoothly reach an exposed portion in a treatment space, whereby the effect of the insect pest control component is achieved. Moreover, the spray outlet preferably has an inner diameter of 0.2 to 1.0 mm. Within such a range, the particle size and the spray force can be suitably adjusted so that adhesive particles can bP optimally formed from at least a portion of the liquid aerosol-forming material sprayed into a treatment space, and therefore, the insect pest control effect can be achieved, whereby mosquitoes in the treatment space can be reliably knocked down or killed.
As shown in
Under these circumstances, the present inventors have extensively studied to develop a mosquito control aerosol product which solves the above problems. Adhesive particles and suspendable particles which are characteristic features of the mosquito control aerosol product of the present invention will now be described.
[Adhesive Particle]
As shown in
The amount of the adhering adhesive particle X is preferably 0.01 to 0.4 mg per square meter of an exposed portion in a treatment space, more preferably 0.05 to 0.2 mg per square meter. Within such a range, mosquitoes sitting on the exposed portion can be effectively knocked down or killed. If the amount of the adhering adhesive particle X is less than 0.01 mg per square meter, the insect pest control effect is not sufficient for mosquitoes sitting on the exposed portion, i.e., it is difficult to knock down or kill mosquitoes. On the other hand, if the amount of the adhering adhesive particle X exceeds 0.4 mg per square meter, the insect pest control effect is not significantly improved, and the amount of the liquid aerosol-forming material which is used is excessively large, resulting in economic disadvantage.
[Suspendable Particle]
The suspendable particle Y preferably has a particle size of less than 20 μm as measured at a distance of 15 cm from the spray outlet at 25° C., where the particle size is the d90 particle size in the volume cumulative distribution. Within such a range, when the liquid aerosol-forming material is sprayed into a treatment space, the suspendable particle Y can be quickly diffused to be suspended in the treatment space. Therefore, mosquitoes flying in the treatment space can be knocked down or killed by the insect pest control component of the suspendable particle Y. The suspendable particle Y is also effective to mosquitoes which are trying to enter the treatment space, whereby entrance into the treatment space can be reduced. If the particle size of the suspendable particle is 20 RI or more, the suspendable particle Y functions as the adhesive particle X. Thus, by adjusting the particle size of a portion of the particles of the liquid aerosol-forming material to the above optimum range to form the suspendable particle Y, the suspendable particle Y has behavior different from that of the adhesive particle X. As a result, the suspendable particle Y can effectively knock down or kill mosquitoes together with the adhesive particle X.
As shown in
When wind blows into a treatment space, then even if a portion of the suspendable particles Y are caused by the wind to flow, the adhesive particle X continues to be present on the exposed portion. As described above, most of mosquitoes in the treatment space are sitting on the exposed portion for a longer period of time. Therefore, if the adhesive particle X can produce the desired effect, then even if the amount of the suspendable particles Y is reduced, the effect of controlling mosquitoes is not deteriorated. Moreover, as with the conventional product, a portion of the particles formed from the liquid aerosol-forming material sprayed into a treatment space are the suspendable particles Y. Therefore, the concentration of the liquid aerosol-forming material (the suspendable particles Y) diffusing in the treatment space is reduced by an amount corresponding to the amount of the adhesive particles X, and therefore, is low compared to the conventional product. Therefore, the influence of inhalation of the suspendable particle Y on a human or pet is reduced, and therefore, the mosquito control aerosol of the present invention can be provided as a safe product.
When the liquid aerosol-forming material formulated as described above is sprayed into a treatment space once, the effect of the insect pest control component is sustained for 20 hours or more in a space of 33 m′ or less. The space of 33 m3 or less includes living spaces of 4.5 to 8 Jyo (a ceiling height of 2.5 m). Therefore, when the mosquito control aerosol of the present invention is used in typical living spaces of ordinary homes, the insect pest control effect can be sustained substantially all day. Mosquitoes enter houses night and day. In particular, it is necessary to prevent mosquitoes from sucking blood from a human or pet which is asleep. The mosquito control aerosol of the present invention can sustain the effect of the insect pest control component over 20 hours or more in a space of 33 m or less. Therefore, for example, if the mosquito control aerosol of the present invention is sprayed once before a human or pet goes to bed at night, the effect is sustained until the afternoon of the following day, and therefore, the human or pet can sleep with an easy mind.
<Mosquito Control Method>
The mosquito control method of this configuration is performed using the above mosquito control aerosol. The mosquito control aerosol includes: a pressure-resistant container equipped with a metering spray valve, that contains a liquid aerosol-forming material including an insect pest control component and an organic solvent, and a propellant; and a spray button having a spray outlet connected to the metering spray valve. Initially, when the spray button is pressed once, the liquid aerosol-forming material is sprayed through the spray outlet into a treatment space (spraying step). At this time, as shown in
The insect pest control component of the mosquito control aerosol of the present invention is sustained for 20 hours or more, i.e., substantially a day, in a space of 33 m3 or less. Therefore, in the mosquito control method performed using the mosquito control aerosol, the operation can be completed only by performing the spraying step once a day at a predetermined time every day. Thus, any one can easily spray the liquid aerosol-forming material into a treatment space, and can be prevented from missing the timing to spray.
In order to test the mosquito control effect of the mosquito control aerosol of the present invention, a plurality of mosquito control aerosols (Examples 1 to 10) having the characteristic features of the present invention were prepared to conduct tests for the mosquito control effect. For comparison, mosquito control aerosols (Comparative Examples 1 and 2) which have none of the characteristic features of the present invention were prepared to conduct similar tests for the mosquito control effect.
The mosquito control aerosols of Examples 1 to 10 were formulated according to compositions and conditions shown in Table 1. Tests described below were conducted. The mosquito control aerosols of Comparative Examples 1 and 2 were also formulated according to compositions and conditions shown in Table 1. Tests similar to those for Examples 1 to 10 were conducted. The results of the tests are shown in Table 2.
(1) Control Effect on Adult Mosquitoes in 25-m3 Room
The mosquito control aerosol was sprayed once diagonally upward at the center of a closed 25-m3 room. Immediately after that, 50 female adult Culex pipiens mosquitoes were released and then exposed for two hours before all of the sample mosquitoes were collected. Meanwhile, the number of adult Culex pipiens mosquitoes which fell down to be flat on their back as time passed was counted to calculate the KT50 value. Thereafter, in the same room, a similar operation was performed 10 hours, 14 hours, and 20 hours after the mosquito control aerosol was sprayed once.
(2) Proportion of Suspendable Particles Remaining in Air
The mosquito control aerosol was sprayed once diagonally upward toward the center of a closed 25-m room. An air collection tube (a glass tube filled with silica gel, with both ends thereof being plugged with absorbent cotton) was placed 50 cm back from the center of the room (at a distance of 130 cm from the wall surface) and 120 cm above the floor, and connected to a vacuum pump, to suck a predetermined amount of air two hours after the spraying. The air collection tube was washed with acetone. The amount of the collected insect pest control component was analyzed using gas chromatography (model no. GC1700, manufactured by Shimadzu Corporation). The concentration of the insect pest control component in the air was calculated based on the value obtained by the analysis. The ratio of this concentration to the theoretical concentration in the air was calculated as the proportion of the insect pest control component remaining in the air.
As can be seen from the results shown in Tables 1 and 2, when metofluthrin and/or transfluthrin were used as the insect pest control component (Examples 1 to 7, 9, and 10), the KT50 value was maintained at a significant level to have a good control effect even 20 hours after the mosquito control aerosol was sprayed once. Also, when a small amount of profluthrin was added to transfluthrin (Example 8), a good control effect was obtained. As can also be seen, as the organic solvent combined with the insect pest control component, higher fatty acid esters having 16 to 20 carbon atoms in total, such as isopropyl myristate, and lower alcohols having about 2 to 3 carbon atoms, such as ethanol, are effective. On the other hand, in Comparative Examples 1 and 2, the KT50 values were worse than those of the examples 10 hours after the mosquito control aerosol was sprayed once, and even worse 14 hours after the spraying. In all of the comparative examples, the effect of controlling female adult Culex pipiens was substantially lost 20 hours after the spraying.
Next, the mosquito control aerosol of the present invention was tested for the mosquito control effect on a mosquito different from that which was used in Examples 1 to 10. This test is Example 11.
In Example 1, metofluthrin as the insect pest control component was dissolved in isopropyl palmitate as the organic solvent to formulate the liquid aerosol-forming material containing 36.0% by weight of metofluthrin. In an aerosol container equipped with a metering spray valve, 4.0 mL of the liquid aerosol-forming material and 16.0 mL of liquefied petroleum gas as the propellant were loaded under pressure to obtain the mosquito control aerosol of the present invention. The volume ratio (a/b) of the liquid aerosol-forming material (a) to the propellant (b) was adjusted to 20/80. Thereafter, the mosquito control aerosol was used to spray 0.1 mL of the liquid aerosol-forming material slightly diagonally upward in substantially a closed 6-Jyo room having a ceiling height of 2.5 m (about 25 m3). At this time, the spray force (25° C.) of the mosquito control aerosol as measured at a distance of 20 cm from the spray outlet was 1.4 g·f. Adhesive particles formed from the liquid aerosol-forming material had a particle size of 42 μm as measured at a distance of 15 cm from the spray outlet at 25° C., where the particle size is the d90 particle size in the volume cumulative distribution.
When Chironomidae midges were released in the room immediately after the mosquito control aerosol of Example 11 was sprayed, the Chironomidae midges were quickly knocked down or killed. The proportion of the insect pest control component (metofluthrin) remaining in the air was calculated using a technique similar to that of Examples 1 to 10 to be 0.93%.
As can be seen from the test results of Examples 1 to 11, according to the mosquito control aerosol of the present invention, and the mosquito control method using this, a good control effect on mosquitoes is sustained over 20 hours or more in a space of at least 25 (corresponding to about 6 Jyo). Note that it was observed that the mosquito control effect of the mosquito control aerosol of the present invention sustained over 20 hours or more even in a space having a volume of up to 33 m3 (corresponding to about 8 Jyo) in which the aerosol is used for treatment. Also, a similar test for the control effect was conducted with respect to flying insect pests in addition to mosquitoes. As a result, it was found that the effect of controlling flies of the suborder Brachycera is sustained over four hours or more in a space of 33 m3 or less, i.e., the present invention is highly practical. Moreover, it was also found that the present invention has a subsidiary effect that creeping insect pests, such as cockroaches, ants, deathwatch beetles, etc., are kept away.
According to the present invention, a mosquito control aerosol having a significant effect of controlling mosquitoes, and a mosquito control method using this, can be provided.
| Number | Date | Country | Kind |
|---|---|---|---|
| 2014-041857 | Mar 2014 | JP | national |
| 2014-041858 | Mar 2014 | JP | national |
| Filing Document | Filing Date | Country | Kind |
|---|---|---|---|
| PCT/JP2015/055132 | 2/24/2015 | WO | 00 |
