The present invention relates to a motor-vehicle door latch device.
A door latch device in a motor vehicle comprises a latch that is mounted via a shaft to a base member fixed to a liftgate and disengages from a striker of a vehicle body from a full-latch position where the liftgate is fully closed to an open position; an engagement member such as a pawl or a ratchet that engages a full-latch engaging portion of the latch to hold the latch in the full-latch position; and a releasing lever actuated with a door-opening unit to turn the engagement member to disengage the engagement member from the full-latch engaging portion.
In the door latch device, a half-latch position is set in which even if the latch should be disengaged from the engagement member when the latch is in the full-latch position, the door is held in a incompletely-closed state by engaging the engagement member with a half-latch engaging portion between the full-latch position and the open position so as not to open the liftgate accidentally.
In the door latch device in which the half-latch position is set, for example, when the liftgate is opened and closed by a switch for an electric actuator for opening the door and a lever for opening the door in a driver's seat, the engagement member engages with the half-latch engaging portion in the half-latch position to hold the liftgate in a half-open state due to lack in raising of the liftgate because repulsion of a weatherstrip decreases or the circumference around the liftgate is frozen, the liftgate cannot be opened by a single opening action.
It is necessary to disengage the latch from the engagement member by operating the switch or lever again, which is troublesome.
JP2001-329731A and JP3143586B2 disclose a door latch device and a door lock device respectively for overcoming the foregoing disadvantage.
In the door latch device in JP2001-329731A, when the opening lever is actuated to open the door, the pawl is turned by the opening lever in a direction for disengaging from the latch. When the opening lever is operated to the releasing end of the door, a holding lever engages with the opening lever, and the pawl is held in a position where the pawl does not engage with the half-latch engaging portion and full-latch engaging portion.
In the door lock device in JP3143586B2, a half-latch preventing plate has an arcuate projection around the latch shaft, and the ratchet has a projection-having half-preventing lever which moves with the ratchet when the ratchet disengages from a full-latch engagement step by opening the door. When the door is opened, the half-latch engagement step does not engage with the ratchet so that the projection on the projection-having half-preventing lever does not return beyond the arcuate projection.
In the door latch device in which the half-latch position is set, when the door is closed, the engagement member engages with the half-latch engaging portion due to repulsion of a weatherstrip, and the door is incompletely closed. The liftgate cannot be closed by a single door-closing action.
In view of the disadvantage, there are a door-opening half-latch avoiding unit for preventing the latch from being held in the half-latch position when the door is opened, and a door-closing half-latch avoiding unit for preventing the latch from being held in the half-latch position when the door is closed. The two units are selectively installed to provide a door latch device for preventing the latch from being held in the half-latch position when the door is closed, and a door latch device for preventing the latch from being held in the half-latch position when the door is opened. One of the two door latch devices can readily be provided depending on demand of customers.
However, in order to apply the door latch device and the door lock device in JP2001-329731A and JP3143586B2 respectively to a door latch device for preventing the latch from being held in the half-latch position when the door is closed, it is necessary to change and modify the shape and position of each element.
In view of the disadvantage, it is an object of the invention to provide a motor-vehicle door latch device providing a door latch device for preventing a latch from being held in a half-latch position when a door is closed and a door latch device for preventing the latch from being held in the half-latch position when the door is opened.
A first embodiment of a door latch device according to the present invention will be described, in which a door latch is prevented from being held in a half-latch position when a door is closed, with respect to the drawings. In the following description, a left side and a right side in
In
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The latch mechanism 2 comprises a latch 7 disposed in a space between the base member 4 and the cover member 5 to pivot with a vertical latch shaft 9 to engage with the striker S; and a pawl 8 that can engage with the latch 7.
A lower part of a latch shaft 9 pivotally mounted to the base member 4, the cover member 5 and a bracket 6 is pressingly fitted into an axial hole 75 of the latch 7. Thus, the latch 7 pivots with the latch shaft 9. The latch 7 rotates with the latch shaft 9 clockwise or counterclockwise between an open position in which the striker S is released when the door is open, and a full-latch position in which the latch 7 fully engages with the striker S when the door is fully closed.
The pawl 8 rotates with a pawl shaft 10 between the base member 4 and the cover member 5. The latch shaft 9 and the pawl shaft 10 pass through the bracket 6 and project upward.
In
Between the front arm 71 and the rear arm 72, there is formed a U-shaped striker-fitting groove 44 that can engage with the striker S in the striker-fitting grooves 43,51. The pawl portion 81 of the pawl 8 pivots with the pawl shaft 10 between an engagement position in which the pawl portion 81 engages with the full-latch engaging portion 73 or the half-latch engaging portion 74 in
When the door D is closed, the striker S comes into the striker-fitting groove 44 of the latch 7, which turns counterclockwise. The striker S fits in the striker-fitting groove 44, and the pawl portion 81 of the pawl 8 engages with the full-latch engaging portion 73, so that the latch 7 is held in the full-latch position in
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By operating a handle or a switch (not shown) on the door D, the electric actuator 3 is actuated and the opening lever 13 turns counterclockwise or in the releasing direction. The lower end of the opening lever 13 contacts the end of the releasing lever 16. The pawl shaft 10 and the pawl 8 are turned with the releasing lever 16. Thus, the pawl portion 81 of the pawl 8 moves off the full-latch engaging portion 73 of the latch 7, and the door D can be opened.
In
A rectangular portion 101 at the upper end of the pawl shaft 10 fits in a rectangular hole 161 of the releasing lever 16 and is fixed with a screw. Thus, the releasing lever 16 turns together with the pawl 8. The rear end of the releasing lever 16 projects backward from the rear end of the connecting member 14 above the connecting member 14. The rear end of the releasing member 16 is positioned right under the electric actuator 3 and is close to the lower end of the opening lever 13 of the electric actuator 3 as mentioned above. The connecting member 14 and the half-latch avoiding member 15 constitute a half-latch avoiding unit in the present invention.
As described above, the connecting member 14 and the releasing lever 16 are mounted to the pawl shaft 10, and the half-latch avoiding member 15 is mounted to the latch shaft 9. The connecting member 14, the half-latch avoiding member 15 and the releasing member 16 are overlapped thereby making the latch mechanism 3 more compact.
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On the upper surface of a left part of the sector-shaped portion 152, there is formed a first wide guide path 22 which communicates continuously with the half-latch avoiding guide path 21 perpendicular to a rotational direction of the door-closing half-latch avoiding member 15.
On the upper surface of the sector-shaped portion 152 close to the base 151, there is formed a second arcuate guide path 23 which communicates with the first guide path 22 at the left side edge. The second guide path 23 is an arc around the latch shaft 9 as a center. On the upper surface of the right part of the sector-shaped portion 152. There is formed a third wide guide path 24 which communicates with the half-latch avoiding guide path 21 and continuously with the second guide path 23, perpendicular to the rotational direction of the the door-closing half-latch avoiding member 15.
In
The half-latch avoiding guide path 21 and the first, second and third guide paths 22,23,24 form a continuous loop-like guide path. As the door-closing half-latch avoiding member 15 turns with the latch 7 from the open position to the open position again via the full-latch position, the second guide pin 27 returns to a beginning 211 of the half-latch avoiding guide path 21 from the beginning 211 via the first guide path 22, a beginning 231 of the second guide path 23 and the third guide path 24. Accordingly, the latch 7 turns smoothly from the open position to the open position again via the half-latch position and the full-latch position.
In
The first guide pin 26 moves along the elongate opening 25, and the connecting member 14 moves with respect to the releasing lever 16. The first guide pin 26 contacts the right end of the elongate opening 25. Hence, the connecting member 14 turns together with the releasing lever 16 and pawl 8 toward the latch 7 to enable the pawl 8 to engage with the full-latch engaging portion 73. The first guide pin 26 moves toward the left end of the elongate opening 25 to enable the pawl 8 to disengage from the full-latch engaging portion 73.
The upper end of the second guide pin 27 is fixed in a hole at the rear corner of the connecting member 14, and the lower end of the second guide pin 27 is positioned at the beginning 231 of the second guide path 23 in the door-closing half-latch avoiding member 15 when the door D is fully open by turning the latch 7 to the full-latch position in
With respect to
When the door is closed at the open state in
With turning of the door-closing half-latch avoiding member 15, the second guide pin 27 of the connecting member 14 is guided along the half-latch avoiding guide path 21 to relatively move from the beginning 211 toward the first guide path 22. While the second guide pin 27 is guided along the half-latch avoiding guide path 21 or while the latch 7 turns right before the full-latch position beyond the half-latch position, the pawl 8, releasing lever 16 and connecting member 14 are prevented from turning counterclockwise.
The latch 7 and door-closing half-latch avoiding member 15 turns to the full-latch position in
As described in the background of the invention, in the prior art, when the door is closed, the pawl portion 81 of the pawl 8 can engage with the half-latch engaging portion 74 of the latch 7 in a half-closed state without turning the latch 7 to a full-latch position for holding the door fully open due to repulsion of a weatherstrip.
However, in the door latch device in this embodiment, as mentioned above, while the second guide pin 27 moves along the half-latch avoiding guide path 21 or while the latch 7 turns to a position just before the full-latch position beyond the half-latch position, the connecting member 14, releasing lever 16 and pawl 8 are prevented from turning counterclockwise. Thus, in
The half-latch avoiding guide path 21 has a concave cross-section and the second guide pin 27 moves along the half-latch avoiding guide path 21. The second guide pin 27 is unlikely to go off the half-latch avoiding guide path 21, and the latch 7 is securely prevented from being held in the half-latch position.
In the full-latch state in
In an opening operation in
The latch 7 turns clockwise beyond the half-latch position, and the second guide pin 27 leaves the right end of the second guide path 22. In
As described above, in the door latch device in the first embodiment, when the door is closed, the second guide pin 27 of the connecting member 14 is guided along the half-latch avoiding guide path 21 to prevent the connecting member 14, releasing member 16 and pawl 8 from turning toward the latch 7. Thus, the pawl portion 81 of the pawl 8 does not engage from the half-latch engaging portion 74 of the latch 7.
When the door is closed, the latch 7 is not held in the half-latch position, and the pawl portion 81 of the pawl 8 engages with the full-latch engaging portion 73 of the latch 7 beyond the half-latch position. Hence, the door is not held in the half-door state, and is fully closed by a single closing action securely, thereby solving trouble that the incompletely-closed door is opened and closed again.
The second embodiment of a door latch device according to the present invention will be described. The door-closing half-latch avoiding member 15 is replaced with a door-opening half-latch avoiding member 300 by which a latch is not held in a half-latch position when the door is opened. The door-opening half-latch avoiding member 300 in this embodiment is one of elements for disengaging the pawl 8 from the half-latch engaging portion 74 of the latch 7 when the latch 7 turns toward an open position from a full-latch position.
The door-closing half-latch avoiding member 15 in the first embodiment is detachably attached to the upper end of the latch shaft 9, and can easily be replaced with the door-opening half-latch avoiding member 300. How to differ from the first embodiment is only the shape of the door-opening half-latch avoiding member 300, and detailed description will be omitted with respect to the other members similar to those in the first embodiment.
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Unlike the door-closing half-latch avoiding member 15, the right end (upper part of
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With respect to
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The latch 7 turns clockwise, and in
When the door is closed in the open position in
In the second embodiment of the door latch device, the door-closing half-latch avoiding member 15 in the door latch device in the first embodiment is only replaced with the door-opening half-latch avoiding member 300 while the other members are still kept, thereby easily converting it to a door latch device for preventing the latch 7 from being held in the half-latch position when the door is opened.
Specifically, by attaching the door-closing half-latch avoiding member 15 and the door-opening half-latch avoiding member 300 selectively while the other parts are common to the two members, two types of door latch devices can be provided, such as a door latch device in which the latch 7 is prevented from being held in the half-latch position when the door is closed and a door latch device in which the latch 7 is prevented from being held in the half-latch position when the door is opened. Furthermore, the door-closing half-latch avoiding member 15 and door-opening half-latch avoiding member 300 are detachably attached to the latch shaft 9, and the connecting member 14 is detachably attached to the pawl shaft 10 thereby facilitating the door-closing half-latch avoiding member 15 and door-opening half-latch avoiding member 300 to be attached and replaced. It is not necessary to apply special machining to the latch 7 and pawl 8 or to modify the shapes and positions.
The present invention is described with respect to the foregoing embodiments, and the following changes and modifications may be made without departing from the scope of claims.
In the first and second embodiments, the half-latch avoiding guide paths 21,304 for preventing the latch 7 from being held in the half-latch position have a concave cross-section, and may have an upward arcuate projection. The second guide paths 23,305 for guiding the second guide pin 27 may have an upward arcuate projection.
In the first and second embodiments, the connecting member 14, door-closing half-latch avoiding member 15, door-opening half-latch avoiding member 300 and releasing lever 16 are overlapped in order from below, but its order may be changed. The first and second guide pins 26,27 may project upward and downward respectively, and the half-latch avoiding guide paths 21,304 and each guide path may be formed on the lower surface of the door-closing half-latch avoiding member 15 or door-opening half-latch avoiding member 300.
In the first and second embodiments, the pawl 8 is used to engage with the full-latch engaging portion 73 and half-latch engaging portion 74, but a flat ratchet may be used. The ratchet turns with the opening lever 13 of the electric actuator 3. The connecting member 14 is attached to a shaft of the ratchet with a certain play in a turning direction with respect to the ratchet. Thus, it is not necessary to provide the releasing lever 16.
In the first and second embodiments, the releasing lever 16 is turned by the electric actuator 3, but the release lever 16 is manually turned with a cable connected at one end to the releasing lever 16 and at the other end to a door-opening lever in the vehicle body.
The connecting lever 14, door-closing half-latch avoiding member 15 or door-opening half-latch avoiding member 300 and releasing lever 16 may be covered with another cover member. A large space is formed between the base member 4 and cover member 5. The connecting lever 14, door-closing half-latch avoiding member 15 or door-opening half-latch avoiding member 300 and releasing lever 16 may be disposed in the space.
The door-closing half-latch avoiding member 15 and door-opening half-latch avoiding member 300 may be molded with resin mold of the latch 7.
In the second embodiment, in order to allow turning of the pawl 8 which is in sliding contact with the outer circumferential surface of the latch 7 when the door is closed, the elongate opening 25 is formed in the connecting member 14 and the connecting member 14 moves with the pawl with a play. The elongate opening 15 may be omitted and the play may be lost. The width of the third guide path 306 may be large, and the second guide pin 27 may be moved in a direction of the width when the door is closed.
The present invention may be applied to a side door or a sliding door of a motor vehicle other than the liftgate.
Number | Date | Country | Kind |
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2013-163764 | Aug 2013 | JP | national |