This invention relates generally to the field of multi-band monopole antennas. More specifically, multi-band monopole antennas are provided that are particularly well-suited for use in mobile network communications devices, such as PCMCIA wireless cards, electronic devices with integrated WI-FI and WiMAX modules, compact flash wireless cards, wireless USB/UART dongles, and other wireless networking devices.
Multi-band antenna structures for use in a mobile network communications device are known in this art. In known wireless PCMCIA cards, for example, two dual-band antennas are typically used. The two antennas in a PCMCIA card, for example, are used with a diversity system in which the signal received from each antenna is compared and the best signal at any given time is used. A diversity system is particularly useful for indoor and multipath reception.
Multiband monopole antennas are disclosed. The antennas disclosed can include a substrate for mounting conductors, a first conductor for receiving networking signals mainly in a first frequency band, and a second conductor for receiving networking signals mainly in a second frequency band. The first conductor can have a polygonal shape with an aspect ratio of length to width of less than about 5 to about 1. The second conductor can be linear, space-filling, or grid dimension. The first and second conductors can be connected at a feeding point.
The antennas disclosed can also include a substrate for mounting conductors, first and second conductors for receiving networking signals mainly in a first frequency band, and third and fourth conductors for receiving networking signals mainly in a second frequency band. The first and second conductors can be symmetrical polygonal shapes that have an aspect ratio of length to width of less than about 5 to about 1. The third and fourth conductors can be symmetrical linear, space-filling, or grid dimension shapes. The first and second conductors can be symmetrically oriented with respect to each other about a central axis on the antenna substrate and the third and fourth conductors can be symmetrically oriented with respect to each other about the central axis on the antenna substrate. The first, second, third and fourth conductors can be connected at a feeding point.
The antennas can be formed on simple, readily available circuit board materials as separate units or formed directly onto a printed circuit board. Two or more of the disclosed antennas can be used on a single printed circuit board. When two or more antennas are used with the same printed circuit board, the conducting material of the printed circuit board located between the antenna attachment points can be interrupted to improve the isolation of each antenna.
Referring now to the drawing figures,
Another multi-band monopole antenna design is shown in
Non-symmetrical antennas like the one shown in
Another multi-band monopole antenna is shown in
An example of a space-filling curve 62 is shown in
Examples of grid dimension curves are shown in
For the purposes of this application, the term grid dimension curve is used to describe a curve geometry having a grid dimension that is greater than one (1). The larger the grid dimension, the higher the degree of miniaturization that may be achieved by the grid dimension curve in terms of an antenna operating at a specific frequency or wavelength. In addition, a grid dimension curve may, in some cases, also meet the requirements of a space-filling curve, as defined above. Therefore, for the purposes of this application, a space-filling curve is one type of grid dimension curve.
For a more accurate calculation of the grid dimension, the number of square cells may be increased up to a maximum amount. The maximum number of cells in a grid is dependent upon the resolution of the curve. As the number of cells approaches the maximum, the grid dimension calculation becomes more accurate. If a grid having more than the maximum number of cells is selected, however, then the accuracy of the grid dimension calculation begins to decrease. In some cases, the maximum number of cells is 100, but typically, the maximum number of cells in a grid is one thousand (1000).
For example,
The performance aspects of multi-band monopole antennas can be effected by the layout of the metal in the PCB where an antenna is mounted. As discussed above, antennas can be designed to work within particular PCB environments or a PCB can be optimized to work with a particular antenna design. The specific design of the antenna shown in
This written description uses examples to disclose the invention, including the best mode, and also to enable a person skilled in the art to make and use the invention. The patentable scope of the invention is defined by the claims, and may include other examples that occur to those skilled in the art. Such other examples, which may be available either before or after the application filing date, are intended to be within the scope of the claims if they have structural elements that do not differ from the literal language of the claims, or if they include equivalent structural elements with insubstantial differences from the literal language of the claims.
This patent application claims the benefit of priority from U.S. Provisional Patent Application Ser. No. 60/540,448 filed on Jan. 30, 2004. This application incorporates by reference the entire disclosure of U.S. Provisional Patent Application Ser. No. 60/540,448.
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PCT/ES2005/000879 | 1/28/2005 | WO | 00 | 8/29/2006 |
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WO2005/076409 | 8/18/2005 | WO | A |
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