Patent Application
20240250538
This application relates to the field of power supply technologies, and in particular, to a multi-battery power supply, a charging/discharging method, and an electronic device.
Limited by electronic device frames and other factors, a plurality of batteries in small-sized electronic devices such as mobile phones usually have different capacities. In addition, the small-sized electronic devices have limited spaces for batteries, leading to limited battery sizes, resulting in limited battery capacities. Therefore, battery capacity resources are precious. In the prior art, during charging of batteries with different capacities at the same time, loss of battery capacity is caused, wasting precious battery capacity resources. How to charge a plurality of batteries with different capacities and reduce the loss of battery capacity is a problem to be resolved.
The embodiments of this application provide a multi-battery power supply, a charging/discharging method, and an electronic device. To charge a battery pack, two batteries are connected in series, so that two batteries with different capacities can be fully charged at the same time. When batteries supply power to the outside, two batteries are connected in parallel to avoid efficiency loss caused by power conversion.
To achieve the foregoing objective, the following technical solutions are used in the embodiments of this application:
According to a first aspect, a power supply circuit is provided, configured to charge/discharge a battery pack. The battery pack includes a first battery and a second battery. The power supply circuit includes a first circuit, a second circuit, a first switch, and a second switch. The first circuit has one end coupled to a power supply terminal of a charger and another end coupled to a positive electrode of the first battery. A negative electrode of the first battery is coupled to a first controlled terminal of the second switch. A first controlled terminal of the first switch is coupled to the positive electrode of the first battery. A second controlled terminal of the first switch is coupled to a second controlled terminal of the second switch and a positive electrode of the second battery. A third controlled terminal of the second switch is coupled to a negative electrode of the second battery. The second circuit has one end coupled to the power supply terminal of the charger and another end coupled to the positive electrode of the second battery. When the first switch is off, the first controlled terminal of the second switch is electrically connected to the second controlled terminal of the second switch, the first controlled terminal of the second switch is electrically disconnected from the third controlled terminal of the second switch, and when the first circuit is on, the first circuit and the second circuit are configured to supply power to the battery pack. When the first switch is on, the first controlled terminal of the second switch is electrically disconnected from the second controlled terminal of the second switch, the first controlled terminal of the second switch is electrically connected to the third controlled terminal of the second switch, and when the first circuit is off, the battery pack supplies power to the outside through the second circuit.
In this implementation, switching between the first switch and the second switch is performed, so that during charging of the battery pack, two batteries are connected in series, and the first circuit and the second circuit jointly charge a battery 1 and a battery 2. In this way, a ratio of a charging current value of the battery 1 to a charging current value of the battery 2 is equal to a ratio of a capacity of the battery 1 to a capacity of the battery 2, so that the battery 1 and the battery 2 are fully charged at the same time. When the battery pack supplies power to a system, the two batteries are connected in parallel, and a supply voltage of the battery is equal to a rated supply voltage of the system, thereby avoiding an efficiency loss caused by power conversion by a discharging circuit and avoiding a waste of battery capacities.
According to a first aspect, in a possible implementation, a capacity of the first battery is a first value, a capacity of the second battery is a second value, and the first value is less than the second value. When the first switch is off, the first controlled terminal of the second switch is electrically connected to the second controlled terminal of the second switch, the first controlled terminal of the second switch is electrically disconnected from the third controlled terminal of the second switch, and when the first circuit is on, the first circuit is configured to input a first charging current to the first battery. The first charging current of the first battery is output to the second battery. The second circuit is configured to input a second charging current to the second battery. A ratio of the first charging current input to the first battery to a third charging current input to the second battery is equal to a ratio of the first value to the second value. The third charging current is a sum of the first charging current and the second charging current.
According to a first aspect, in a possible implementation, a value of the first charging current is a first current value, the power supply circuit further includes a sampling circuit, one end of the sampling circuit is coupled to the negative electrode of the first battery, and another end of the sampling circuit is coupled to the first controlled terminal of the second switch. The sampling circuit is configured to detect a detection value of the first charging current. The first circuit is further configured to adjust an output current based on the detection value of the first charging current and the first current value, so that the value of the first charging current is the first current value.
In this implementation, the sampling circuit is used to obtain the value of the charging current of the first battery in real time and adjust the output current of the first circuit, where if a current value of the first charging current is less than a preset first current value, the output current of the first circuit is increased; or if a current value of the first charging current is greater than a preset first current value, the output current of the first circuit is reduced, so that the value of the first charging current is equal to the preset first current value.
According to a first aspect, in a possible implementation, the first circuit is a direct charging circuit, and the second circuit is a buck circuit.
According to a second aspect, an electronic device is provided, including: a first circuit, a second circuit, a first switch, a second switch, and a battery pack. The battery pack includes a first battery and a second battery. The first circuit has one end coupled to a power supply terminal of a charger and another end coupled to a positive electrode of the first battery. A negative electrode of the first battery is coupled to a first controlled terminal of the second switch. A first controlled terminal of the first switch is coupled to the positive electrode of the first battery. A second controlled terminal of the first switch is coupled to a second controlled terminal of the second switch and a positive electrode of the second battery. A third controlled terminal of the second switch is coupled to a negative electrode of the second battery. The second circuit has one end coupled to the power supply terminal of the charger and another end coupled to the positive electrode of the second battery. When the first switch is off, the first controlled terminal of the second switch is electrically connected to the second controlled terminal of the second switch, the first controlled terminal of the second switch is electrically disconnected from the third controlled terminal of the second switch, and when the first circuit is on, the first circuit and the second circuit are configured to supply power to the battery pack. When the first switch is on, the first controlled terminal of the second switch is electrically disconnected from the second controlled terminal of the second switch, the first controlled terminal of the second switch is electrically connected to the third controlled terminal of the second switch, and when the first circuit is off, the battery pack supplies power to a system of the electronic device through the second circuit.
In this implementation, switching between the first switch and the second switch is performed, so that during charging of the battery pack, two batteries are connected in series, and the first circuit and the second circuit jointly charge a battery 1 and a battery 2. In this way, a ratio of a charging current value of the battery 1 to a charging current value of the battery 2 is equal to a ratio of a capacity of the battery 1 to a capacity of the battery 2, so that the battery 1 and the battery 2 are fully charged at the same time. When the battery pack supplies power to a system, the two batteries are connected in parallel, and a supply voltage of the battery is equal to a rated supply voltage of the system, thereby avoiding an efficiency loss caused by power conversion by a discharging circuit and avoiding a waste of battery capacities.
According to a second aspect, in a possible implementation, a capacity of the first battery is a first value, a capacity of the second battery is a second value, and the first value is less than the second value. When the first switch is off, the first controlled terminal of the second switch is electrically connected to the second controlled terminal of the second switch, the first controlled terminal of the second switch is electrically disconnected from the third controlled terminal of the second switch, and when the first circuit is on, the first circuit is configured to input a first charging current to the first battery. The first charging current of the first battery is output to the second battery. The second circuit is configured to input a second charging current to the second battery. A ratio of the first charging current input to the first battery to a third charging current input to the second battery is equal to a ratio of the first value to the second value. The third charging current is a sum of the first charging current and the second charging current.
According to a second aspect, in a possible implementation, a value of the first charging current is a first current value, and a value of the second charging current is a second current value. The electronic device further includes a controller, configured to send the first current value to the first circuit; and further configured to send the second current value to the second circuit.
In this implementation, the controller controls a ratio of the charging currents of the first circuit and the second circuit.
According to a second aspect, in a possible implementation, the electronic device further includes a sampling circuit. One end of the sampling circuit is coupled to the negative electrode of the first battery. The other end of the sampling circuit is coupled to the first controlled terminal of the second switch. The sampling circuit is in communication connection with the first circuit through the controller. The sampling circuit is configured to detect a detection value of the first charging current. The first circuit is further configured to adjust an output current based on the detection value of the first charging current and the first current value, so that the value of the first charging current is the first current value.
In this implementation, the sampling circuit is used to obtain the value of the charging current of the first battery in real time and adjust the output current of the first circuit, where if a current value of the first charging current is less than a preset first current value, the output current of the first circuit is increased; or if a current value of the first charging current is greater than a preset first current value, the output current of the first circuit is reduced, so that the value of the first charging current is equal to the preset first current value.
According to a second aspect, in a possible implementation, a value of the first charging current is a first current value. The electronic device further includes a controller and a sampling circuit. One end of the sampling circuit is coupled to the negative electrode of the first battery. The other end of the sampling circuit is coupled to the first controlled terminal of the second switch. The sampling circuit is configured to detect a detection value of the first charging current. The sampling circuit is further configured to send the detection value of the first charging current to the controller. The controller is configured to control, based on the detection value of the first charging current and the first current value, the first circuit to adjust an output current, so that the value of the first charging current is the first current value.
According to a second aspect, in a possible implementation, the electronic device includes a controller, configured to: when determining to supply power to the battery pack, control the first switch to be off, control the first controlled terminal of the second switch to be electrically connected to the second controlled terminal of the second switch, control the first controlled terminal of the second switch to be electrically disconnected from the third controlled terminal of the second switch, and control the first circuit to be on. The controller is further configured to: when determining that the battery pack supplies power to the system of the electronic device, control the first switch to be on, control the first controlled terminal of the second switch to be electrically disconnected from the second controlled terminal of the second switch, control the first controlled terminal of the second switch to be electrically connected to the third controlled terminal of the second switch, and control the first circuit to be off.
According to a second aspect, in a possible implementation, the first circuit is a direct charging circuit, and the second circuit is a buck circuit.
According to a third aspect, a system is provided, including the electronic device according to any one of the second aspect and the implementations of the second aspect and a charger. The charger is configured to supply power to the electronic device.
According to a fourth aspect, a control method is provided, applied to an electronic device. The electronic device includes a first circuit, a second circuit, a first switch, a second switch, a controller, and a battery pack. The battery pack includes a first battery and a second battery. The first circuit has one end coupled to a power supply terminal of a charger and another end coupled to a positive electrode of the first battery. A negative electrode of the first battery is coupled to a first controlled terminal of the second switch. A first controlled terminal of the first switch is coupled to the positive electrode of the first battery. A second controlled terminal of the first switch is coupled to a second controlled terminal of the second switch and a positive electrode of the second battery. A third controlled terminal of the second switch is coupled to a negative electrode of the second battery. The second circuit has one end coupled to the power supply terminal of the charger and another end coupled to the positive electrode of the second battery. The method includes: The controller determines that the electronic device is connected to the charger, controls the first switch to be off, controls the first controlled terminal of the second switch to be electrically connected to the second controlled terminal of the second switch, controls the first controlled terminal of the second switch to be electrically disconnected from the third controlled terminal of the second switch, and controls the first circuit to be on. The controller sends a first current value to the first circuit, and sends a second current value to the second circuit. The first circuit inputs a first charging current to the first battery. The first charging current of the first battery is output to the second battery. A value of the first charging current is the first current value. The second circuit inputs a second charging current to the second battery. A value of the second charging current is the second current value. A value of a third charging current input to the second battery is a third current value. The third current value is a sum of the first current value and the second current value. A ratio of the first current value to the third current value is equal to a ratio of a first value to a second value.
In this method, the controller controls switching between the first switch and the second switch, so that during charging of the battery pack, two batteries are connected in series, and the first circuit and the second circuit jointly charge a battery 1 and a battery 2. In this way, a ratio of a charging current value of the battery 1 to a charging current value of the battery 2 is equal to a ratio of a capacity of the battery 1 to a capacity of the battery 2, so that the battery 1 and the battery 2 are fully charged at the same time.
According to the fourth aspect, in a possible implementation, the electronic device further includes a sampling circuit. One end of the sampling circuit is coupled to the negative electrode of the first battery. The other end of the sampling circuit is coupled to the first controlled terminal of the second switch. The method further includes: The sampling circuit detects a detection value of the first charging current, and sends the detection value of the first charging current to the controller. The controller controls, based on the detection value of the first charging current and the first current value, the first circuit to adjust an output current, so that the value of the first charging current is the first current value.
In this method, the controller uses the sampling circuit to obtain the value of the charging current of the first battery in real time and controls the first circuit to adjust the output current, where if a current value of the first charging current is less than a preset first current value, the output current of the first circuit is increased; or if a current value of the first charging current is greater than a preset first current value, the output current of the first circuit is reduced, so that the value of the first charging current is equal to the preset first current value.
According to the fourth aspect, in a possible implementation, the method further includes: The controller determines that the electronic device is electrically disconnected from the charger, controls the first switch to be on, controls the first controlled terminal of the second switch to be electrically disconnected from the second controlled terminal of the second switch, controls the first controlled terminal of the second switch to be electrically connected to the third controlled terminal of the second switch, and controls the first circuit to be off. The first battery and the second battery supply power to a system of the electronic device through the second circuit.
In this method, the controller controls switching between the first switch and the second switch, so that when the battery pack supplies power to the system, the two batteries are connected in parallel, and a supply voltage of the battery is equal to a rated supply voltage of the system, thereby avoiding an efficiency loss caused by power conversion by a discharging circuit and avoiding a waste of battery capacities.
According to a fifth aspect, a computer-readable storage medium is provided. The computer-readable storage medium stores instructions. When the instructions are run on a computer, the computer is enabled to perform the method according to any one of the implementations in the fourth aspect.
According to a sixth aspect, a computer program product including instructions is provided. When the computer program product is run on a computer, the computer is enabled to perform the method according to any one of the implementations in the fourth aspect.
According to a seventh aspect, an apparatus (for example, the apparatus may be a chip system) is provided. The apparatus includes a processor, configured to support an electronic device in implementing the function involved in any one of the implementations in the fourth aspect. In a possible design, the apparatus further includes a memory. The memory is configured to store a program instruction and data necessary to the electronic device. The chip system, when being a chip system, may include a chip, or may include a chip and another discrete device.
For the technical effects brought by any implementation in the fifth aspect to the seventh aspect, refer to the technical effects brought by different implementations in the fourth aspect. Details are not described herein again.
In descriptions of the embodiments of this application, terms used in the following embodiments are only intended to describe particular embodiments, and are not intended to limit this application. As used in this specification and the claims of this application, a singular expression form, “a”, “the”, “foregoing”, “the”, or “this”, is intended to also include a “one or more” expression form, unless clearly indicated to the contrary in the context. It should be further understood that, in the following embodiments of this application, “at least one” and “one or more” mean one, two or more than two. The term “and/or” is used to describe an association relationship between associated objects and represents that three relationships may exist. For example, A and/or B may represent: only A exists, both A and B exist, and only B exists, where A and B may be singular or plural. The character “/” generally indicates that the associated objects are in an “or” relationship.
Reference to “one embodiment” or “some embodiments” described in this specification means that a specific characteristic, structure or feature described in combination with this embodiment is included in one or more embodiments of this application. Therefore, the statements “in one embodiment”, “in some embodiments”, “in some other embodiments”, “in further embodiments”, and the like in different places in this specification do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment, but mean “one or more but not all embodiments”, unless otherwise specially emphasized in other ways. The terms “include”, “contain”, “have” and their variations mean “including but not limited to”, unless otherwise specially emphasized in other ways. The term “connection” includes a direct connection and an indirect connection, unless otherwise specified. The terms “first” and “second” are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating a quantity of technical features indicated.
In the embodiments of this application, the word “exemplary” or “for example” is used to represent giving an example, an illustration, or a description. Any embodiment or design scheme described as “exemplary” or “for example” in the embodiments of this application should not be explained as being more preferred or having more advantages than another embodiment or design scheme. In particular, the word such as “exemplary” or “for example” as used herein is intended to present a related concept in a specific manner.
In the embodiments of this application, the terms “couple” or “connection” should be understood in a broad sense. For example, the connection may be a physically direct connection, or an indirect connection realized through an electronic device, such as a connection realized through a resistor, an inductor, a capacitor, or other electronic devices.
A battery capacity represents an amount of electricity that a battery can deliver under some conditions (such as, discharge rate, temperature, or termination voltage). For example, a length of time for which the battery can discharge at a specified current is a capacity of the battery, usually measured in Ampere hours (expressed in A·h). For example, a battery with a capacity of 5 A·h can work for approximately five hours when discharging at a current of 1 A.
Currently, a plurality of batteries in small-sized electronic devices such as mobile phones usually have different capacities. For example, as shown in
The electronic device 10 may be charged by a charger 20 shown in
The method provided in this embodiment of this application is applicable to an electronic device including a plurality of batteries. The foregoing electronic device may include a mobile phone, a tablet computer, a notebook computer, a personal computer (personal computer, PC), an ultra-mobile personal computer (ultra-mobile personal computer, UMPC), a handheld computer, a netbook, a smart home device (such as a smart television, a smart screen, a large screen, a smart speaker, or a smart air conditioner), a personal digital assistant (personal digital assistant, PDA), a wearable device (such as a smart watch or a smart bracelet), an in-vehicle device, a virtual reality device, or the like. This is not limited in this embodiment of this application.
In this embodiment of this application, the electronic device may be an electronic device on which an operating system can run and an application can be installed. Optionally, the operating system that runs on the electronic device may be an Android® system, a Windows® system, an iOS® system, or the like.
That the electronic device is a mobile phone is used as an example.
The sensor module 180 may include a pressure sensor, a gyro sensor, a barometric pressure sensor, a magnetic sensor, an acceleration sensor, a distance sensor, an optical proximity sensor, a fingerprint sensor, a temperature sensor, and a touch sensor, an ambient light sensor, a bone conduction sensor, and the like.
It may be understood that the structure illustrated in this embodiment of this application does not constitute a specific limitation on the electronic device 10. In some other implementations of this application, the electronic device 10 may include more or fewer components than those shown in the figure, or some components are combined, or some components are disassembled, or a different component arrangement is used. The components shown in the figure may be implemented by hardware, software, or a combination of software and hardware.
The processor 110 may include one or more processing units. For example, the processor 110 may include a central processing unit (central processing unit, CPU), an application processor (application processor, AP), a modem processor, a graphics processing unit (graphics processing unit, GPU), an image signal processor (image signal processor, ISP), a controller, a memory, a video codec, a digital signal processor (digital signal processor, DSP), a baseband processor, a neural-network processing unit (neural-network processing unit, NPU), and the like. Different processing units may be separate devices, or may be integrated into one or more processors. For example, the processor 110 may be an application processor AP. Alternatively, the processor 110 may be integrated in a system on chip (system on chip, SoC). Alternatively, the processor 110 may be integrated in an integrated circuit (integrated circuit, IC) chip. The processor 110 may include an analog front end (analog front end, AFE) and a micro-controller unit (micro-controller unit, MCU) in the IC chip.
The controller may be a nerve center and a command center of the electronic device 10. The controller may generate an operation control signal according to instruction operation code and a time-sequence signal, and control obtaining and execution of instructions.
A memory may also be disposed in the processor 110, configured to store instructions and data. In some implementations, the memory in the processor 110 is a cache. The memory may store an instruction or data recently used or cyclically used by the processor 110. If the processor 110 needs to use the instruction or the data again, the processor may directly call the instruction or the data from the memory, Repeated access is avoided, and waiting time of the processor 110 is reduced, thereby improving system efficiency.
In some implementations, the processor 110 may include one or more interfaces. The interface may include an inter-integrated circuit (inter-integrated circuit, I2C) interface, an inter-integrated circuit sound (inter-integrated circuit sound, I2S) interface, a pulse code modulation (pulse code modulation, PCM) interface, a universal asynchronous receiver/transmitter (universal asynchronous receiver/transmitter, UART) interface, a mobile industry processor interface (mobile industry processor interface, MIPI), a general-purpose input/output (general-purpose input/output, GPIO) interface, a subscriber identity module (subscriber identity module, SIM) interface, and/or a USB interface.
It may be understood that a schematic interface connection relationship between the modules in the embodiments of this application is merely an example for description, and constitutes no limitation on the structure of the electronic device 10. In some other implementations of this application, the electronic device 10 may alternatively use an interface connection manner different from that in the foregoing implementation, or use a combination of a plurality of interface connection manners.
A wireless communication function of the electronic device 10 may be implemented by using the antenna 1, the antenna 2, the mobile communication module 150, the wireless communication module 160, the modem processor, the baseband processor, and the like.
The antenna 1 and the antenna 2 are configured to transmit and receive an electromagnetic wave signal. Each antenna in the electronic device 10 may be configured to cover one or more communication frequency bands. Different antennas may further be multiplexed to improve utilization of the antennas. For example, the antenna 1 may be multiplexed as a diversity antenna of a wireless local area network. In some other implementations, the antenna may be used in combination with a tuning switch.
The mobile communication module 150 may provide a solution for wireless communication including 2G/3G/4G/5G and the like to be applied to the electronic device 10. The wireless communication module 160 may provide a solution for wireless communication solution including a wireless local area network (wireless local area networks, WLAN) (for example, a wireless fidelity (wireless fidelity, Wi-Fi) network), Bluetooth (bluetooth, BT), a global navigation satellite system (global navigation satellite system, GNSS), frequency modulation (frequency modulation, FM), a near field communication (near field communication, NFC) technology, an infrared (infrared, IR) technology, and the like to be applied to the electronic device 10. In some implementations, the antenna 1 and the mobile communication module 150 of the electronic device 10 are coupled, and the antenna 2 and the wireless communication module 160 are coupled, so that the electronic device 10 can communicate with a network and another device by using a wireless communication technology.
The electronic device 10 implements a display function by using the GPU, the display screen 194, the application processor, and the like. The GPU is a microprocessor for image processing and connects the display screen 194 and the application processor. The GPU is configured to perform mathematical and geometric calculations, for graphics rendering. The processor 110 may include one or more GPUs that execute a program instruction to generate or change display information.
The display screen 194 is configured to display an image, a video, and the like. The display screen 194 includes a display panel. In some implementations, the electronic device 10 may include 1 or N display screens 194. N is a positive integer greater than 1.
The electronic device 10 can implement a photographing function by using the ISP, the camera 193, the video codec, the GPU, the display screen 194, the application processor, and the like. The ISP is configured to process data fed back by the camera 193. In some implementations, the ISP may be disposed in the camera 193. The camera 193 is configured to capture a still image or video. In some implementations, the electronic device 10 may include 1 or N cameras 193. N is a positive integer greater than 1.
The external memory interface 120 may be configured to connect to an external memory card such as a micro SD card, to expand a storage capability of the electronic device 10. The external memory card communicates with the processor 110 through the external memory interface 120, to implement a data storage function, for example, store files such as music and a video into the external memory card.
The internal memory 121 may be configured to store computer-executable program code. The executable program code includes instructions. The processor 110 runs the instructions stored in the internal memory 121, to implement various functional applications and data processing of the electronic device 10. In addition, the internal memory 121 may include a high-speed random access memory, and may further include a non-volatile memory, for example, at least one magnetic disk storage device, a flash memory device, or a universal flash storage (universal flash storage, UFS).
The electronic device 10 may use the audio module 170, the speaker 170A, the receiver 170B, the microphone 170C, the headset jack 170D, the application processor, and the like, to implement an audio function, for example, music playback or recording.
The audio module 170 is configured to convert digital audio information into an analog audio signal output, and is also configured to convert an analog audio input into a digital audio signal. In some implementations, the audio module 170 may be disposed in the processor 110, or some functional modules of the audio module 170 are disposed in the processor 110. The speaker 170A, also referred to as a “horn”, is configured to convert an electrical audio signal into a sound signal. The receiver 170B, also referred to as a “handset”, is configured to convert an electrical audio signal into a sound signal. The microphone 170C, also referred to as a “voice tube” or “mike”, is configured to convert a sound signal into an electrical signal. At least one microphone 170C may be disposed in the electronic device 10. The headset jack 170D is configured to be connected to a wired headset. The headset jack 170D may be a USB interface 130, or may be a 3.5 mm open mobile terminal platform (open mobile terminal platform, OMTP) standard interface, or a cellular telecommunications industry association of the USA (cellular telecommunications industry association of the USA, CTIA) standard interface.
The key 190 includes a power key, a volume key, or the like. The key 190 may be a mechanical key, or a touch-type key. The electronic device 10 may receive a key input, and generate a key signal input related to a user setting and function control of the electronic device 10. The motor 191 may generate a vibration alert. The motor 191 may be used for an incoming call vibration alert or a touch vibration feedback. The indicator 192 may be an indicator light, and may be configured to indicate a charging status and a battery change, and may also be configured to indicate a message, a missed call, a notification, and the like. The SIM card interface 195 is configured to be connected to a SIM card. The SIM card may be inserted into the SIM card interface 195 or unplugged from the SIM card interface 195, to come into contact with or be separated from the electronic device 10. The electronic device 10 can support one or N SIM card interfaces, where N is a positive integer greater than 1. The SIM card interface 195 can support a Nano SIM (Nano SIM) card, a Micro SIM (Micro SIM) card, a SIM card, and the like. In some implementations, the electronic device 10 uses an embedded SIM (embedded SIM, eSIM) card. The eSIM card may be embedded in the electronic device 10 and cannot be separated from the electronic device 10.
The power management module 140 is configured to receive a charging input from a charger. The charger may be a wireless charger (for example, a wireless charging dock of the electronic device 10 or another device that can charge the electronic device 10 wirelessly), or may be a wired charger. For example, the power management module 140 may receive a charging input from the wired charger through the USB interface 130. The power management module 140 may receive a wireless charging input through the wireless charging coil 142 of the electronic device 10.
The power management module 140 may also supply power to the electronic device 10 while charging the battery 141. The power management module 140 receives an input from the battery 141, and supplies power to the processor 110, the internal memory 121, the external memory interface 120, the display screen 194, the camera 193, the wireless communication module 160, and the like. The power management module 140 may be further configured to monitor parameters such as a battery capacity, a battery cycle count, and a battery health status (an electric leakage and impedance) of the battery 141. In some other implementations, the power management module 140 may alternatively be disposed in the processor 110.
The battery 141 may include a plurality of batteries with different capacities. Currently, when an electronic device includes a plurality of batteries, the plurality of batteries are usually connected in series for charging, or the plurality of batteries are connected in parallel for charging. In a charging process, an amount of electricity input to the battery is Q=I×t, where I is a charging current, and t is charging duration. That the plurality of batteries are connected in series or connected in parallel for charging at the same time means that the batteries have equal charging duration. A charging current of the battery is in direct proportion to the amount of electricity input to the battery.
In an example, as shown in
Because an input current of a battery cannot be precisely controlled, generally, a maximum input current of the battery is designed relatively high to avoid damage to the battery. The maximum input current of the battery is inversely proportional to a capacity density of the battery, resulting in a low capacity density of the battery. In a case of a same target capacity, a lower capacity density indicates a larger size of the battery. Due to the limited space within the electronic device, the size of the battery is limited and this results in a loss of the battery capacity.
In an example, as shown in
The embodiments of this application provide a charging circuit and method, applied to charging of batteries with different capacities. The charging circuit may be applied to the power management module 140 of the electronic device 10.
For example, as shown in
The first circuit 13 is configured to convert a supply voltage of the charger 20. An output voltage of the first circuit 13 is Vout1. The voltage conversion circuit 14 is configured to perform voltage conversion on Vout1. The controller 15 is configured to control a charging current Ibat1 of the battery 11 by controlling a value of the output voltage Vout1 of the first circuit 13. The controller 15 is further configured to control an output current Iout of the voltage conversion circuit 14 at Vout1, so that Ibat1/Ibat2=First value/Second value, where Ibat2=Ibat1+Iout, that is, Ibat1/(Ibat1+Iout)=First value/Second value. In other words, a ratio of the charging current input to the battery 11 to a charging current input to the battery 12 is equal to a ratio of the first value to the second value. It should be noted that during actual implementation, due to limitations such as detection accuracy and control accuracy, the ratio of the charging current input to the battery 11 to the charging current input to the battery 12 is not necessarily exactly equal to the ratio of the first value to the second value. The charging current input to the battery 11 and the charging current input to the battery 12 may be adjusted, so that their ratio tends to be equal to the ratio of the first value to the second value, that is, approximate to the ratio of the first value to the second value.
Because Ibat1/Ibat2=First value/Second value, within the same charging duration, a ratio of an amount of electricity input to the battery 11 to an amount of electricity input to the battery 12 equals First value/Second value=Capacity of battery 11/Capacity of battery 12. In this way, the battery 11 and the battery 12 can be fully charged at the same time, thereby avoiding a loss of battery capacities.
In an example, as shown in
The SoC is configured to determine target values of Ibat1 and Ibat2 based on the capacity of the battery 11 and the capacity of the battery 12, and send a control signal to the first circuit 13 and the Buck 14 separately. For example, the SoC sends a control signal to the first circuit 13 and the Buck 14 separately through an integrated circuit bus (inter-integrated circuit, IIC) communication protocol. For example, the SoC sends a first control signal to the first circuit 13, to notify a charging current target value (that is, a target value of Ibat1) of the battery 11. The SoC sends a second control signal to the Buck 14, to a notify an output current target value (that is, a target value of Iout) of the Buck 14. Iout=Ibat2−Ibat1.
The first circuit 13 is configured to perform voltage conversion on a supply voltage of the charger 20. An output voltage of the first circuit 13 is Vout1. In an implementation, the first circuit 13 adjusts a value of Vout1 based on a current value of Ibat1 collected by the sampling circuit 16 in real time, so that the value of Ibat1 is equal to the target value.
The Buck 14 is configured to perform voltage conversion on Vout1, and the value of the output current Iout remains to be the target value of Iout. Target value of Iout=Target value of Ibat2−Target value of Ibat1.
The charging method provided in the embodiments of this application is described in detail below. The method may be applied to the charging circuit shown in
S801. A controller determines a charging current target value (a first target value) of a battery 1, a charging current target value (a second target value) of a battery 2, and an output current target value (a third target value) of a voltage conversion circuit, where First target value/Second target value=Capacity of battery 1/Capacity of battery 2.
For example, the battery 1 is the battery 11, and the battery 2 is the battery 12. The capacity of the battery 1 is a first value, and the capacity of the battery 2 is a second value. The first value is less than the second value.
After an electronic device is connected to a charger in a wired or wireless manner, the electronic device charges the battery 1 and the battery 2 by using the charger. A charging current of a battery during charging undergoes a dynamic process. In an implementation, a charging process of a battery includes three stages: a precharge stage, a constant current charging stage, and a constant voltage charging stage. When an initial voltage/a no-load voltage of the battery is lower than a precharge threshold (for example, 3.0 V), the battery is at the precharge stage. A charging current of a single battery is approximately 10% of a charging current of the constant current charging stage. At the constant current charging stage, the charging current is constant (the charging current at this time is the maximum charging current), the voltage rises gradually, and this is a fast charging stage. For a single battery, the battery enters the constant voltage charging stage when reaching a particular voltage value. For example, the constant voltage value is 4.2 V. At the constant voltage charging stage, the voltage does not change, and the charging current gradually decreases. When the charging current reaches a termination current (for example, 0.01 C), the charging ends. Once the charging ends, the charging current drops to zero. The controller determines a current charging current target value of the battery 2 based on specific stages of the battery 1 and the battery 2 in the charging process.
For example, the battery 1 and the battery 2 are at the constant current charging stage, and it is determined that the current charging current target value of the battery 2 is a maximum charging current of the battery 2. It may be understood that the maximum charging current of the battery 2 is less than or equal to a maximum output current of the charger. In an example, the maximum charging current of the battery 2 is 3 A. In this case, it is determined that the charging current target value of the battery 2 is 3 A.
The charging current target value of the battery 1 is determined based on Charging current target value of battery 1/Charging current target value of battery 2=Capacity of battery 1/Capacity of battery 2=First value/Second value. For example, the first value is 2000 mA·h, the second value is 3000 mA·h, the target value of the charging current (Ibat2) of the battery 2 is 3 A, and the target value of the charging current (Ibat1) of the battery 1 is 2 A. Target value of output current (Iout) of voltage conversion circuit=Target value of Ibat2−Target value of Ibat1. For example, Target value of Iout=3 A−2 A=1 A. That is, the first target value is 2 A, the second target value is 3 A, and the third target value is 1 A.
It should be noted that, in the foregoing example, the constant current charging stage is used as an example to describe the specific method for determining the charging current target value of the battery 1 and the charging current target value of the battery 2. It may be understood that, the charging current in the charging process undergoes a dynamic process, and at each stage of the charging process, the method can be used to determine the charging current target value of the battery 1 and the charging current target value of the battery 2, so that Charging current target value of battery 1/Charging current target value of battery 2=Capacity of battery 1/Capacity of battery 2=First value/Second value, and a current requirement of a corresponding stage is met (for example, a charging current of a single battery of the precharge stage is 10% of the charging current of the constant current charging stage).
S802. The controller sends the charging current target value (the first target value) of the battery 1 to a first circuit, and the controller sends the output current target value (the third target value) of the voltage conversion circuit to the voltage conversion circuit, where a sum of the output current target value (the third target value) of the voltage conversion circuit and the charging current target value (the first target value) of the battery 1 is the charging current target value (the second target value) of the battery 2.
In an implementation, the controller sends a first control signal to the first circuit through an IIC communication protocol, where the signal includes the first target value. The controller send a second control signal to the voltage conversion circuit through the IIC communication protocol, where the signal includes the third target value.
S803. The first circuit performs voltage conversion on a supply voltage of a charger, and adjusts an output voltage of the first circuit based on a current value of a charging current of the battery 1, so that the charging current of the battery 1 reaches the first target value. The voltage conversion circuit performs voltage conversion on the output voltage of the first circuit, so that an output current of the voltage conversion circuit reaches the third target value.
In an implementation, the first circuit is a direct charging circuit, such as a switch circuit.
In an example, a sampling circuit collects a value of Ibat1 in real time and reports the value to the controller. The controller sends a current value of Ibat1 to the direct charging circuit through an IIC communication protocol. If the current value of Ibat1 is less than the first target value, the direct charging circuit negotiates with the charger through a charging protocol to increase the supply voltage of the charger by a first step (such as 0.5 V). In this way, an output voltage Vout1 of the direct charging circuit rises, that is, the value of Ibat1 increases. If the current value of Ibat1 is greater than the first target value, the direct charging circuit negotiates with the charger through a charging protocol to reduce the supply voltage of the charger by a second step (which may be or may not be equal to the first step, such as 0.5 V). In this way, the output voltage Vout1 of the direct charging circuit drops, that is, the value of Ibat1 decreases. Through one or more adjustments, the value of Ibat1 is caused to reach the first target value by raising or lowering the supply voltage of the charger.
In another example, a sampling circuit collects a value of Ibat1 in real time and reports the value to the controller. If a current value of Ibat1 is less than the first target value, the controller sends a boost signal to the direct charging circuit. The direct charging circuit negotiates with the charger through a charging protocol to increase the supply voltage of the charger by a first step (such as 0.5 V). In this way, an output voltage Vout1 of the direct charging circuit rises, that is, the value of Ibat1 increases. If a current value of Ibat1 is greater the first target value, the controller sends a buck signal to the direct charging circuit. The direct charging circuit negotiates with the charger through a charging protocol to lower the supply voltage of the charger by a second step (which may be or may not be equal to the first step, such as 0.5 V). In this way, the output voltage Vout1 of the direct charging circuit drops, that is, the value of Ibat1 decreases. Through one or more adjustments, the value of Ibat1 is caused to reach the first target value by raising or lowering the supply voltage of the charger.
In an implementation, the first circuit is a Boost. The Boost performs boost conversion on the supply voltage of the charger. In an example, a sampling circuit collects a value of Ibat1 in real time and reports the value to the controller. The controller sends a current value of Ibat1 to the Boost through an IIC communication protocol. If the current value of Ibat1 is less than the first target value, the Boost increases the output voltage Vout1 by a first step (such as 0.5 V), that is, a value of Ibat1 increases. If the current value of Ibat1 is greater than the first target value, the Boost reduces the output voltage Vout1 by a second step (which may be or may not be equal to the first step, such as 0.5 V), that is, the value of Ibat1 decreases. Through one or more adjustments, the value of Ibat1 is caused to reach the first target value by raising or lowering the output voltage of the Boost. The Boost adjusts a duty cycle through pulse width modulation (pulse width modulation, PWM), performs boost conversion on the input voltage, and outputs a target voltage value. A person skilled in the art may implement a Boost function by using a conventional method that can be obtained. This is not limited in this embodiment of this application.
In an implementation, the voltage conversion circuit is a Buck. The Buck performs buck conversion on the output voltage of the first circuit, and the output current is the third target value. The Buck adjusts a duty cycle through pulse width modulation (pulse width modulation, PWM), performs buck conversion on the input voltage, outputs a target voltage value, and controls the output current to the target value through a feedback current. A person skilled in the art may implement a Buck function by using a conventional method that can be obtained. This is not limited in this embodiment of this application.
In the charging method provided in the embodiments of this application, the first circuit and the voltage conversion circuit jointly charge the battery 1 and the battery 2, and at each stage of the charging process, Charging current value of battery 1/Charging current value of battery 2=Capacity of battery 1/Capacity of battery 2. In this way, the battery 1 and the battery 2 can be fully charged at the same time, thereby avoiding a loss of battery capacities.
It should be noted that in some embodiments, alternatively, the controller may not be used to determine the charging current target value (the first target value) of the battery 1, the charging current target value (the second target value) of the battery 2, and the output current target value (the third target value) of the voltage conversion circuit. Instead, the charging current target value of the battery 1 is directly preset in the first circuit, and the first circuit adjusts the output current based on the charging current target value of the battery 1; and the output current target value of the voltage conversion circuit is preset in the voltage conversion circuit, and the voltage conversion circuit adjusts the output current based on the output current target value. For a specific method of adjusting the output current based on the charging current target value of the battery 1 by the first circuit, and a specific method of adjusting the output current based on the output current target value by the voltage conversion circuit, refer to the detailed description in the foregoing embodiment. Details are not described herein again.
The embodiments of this application further provide a charging circuit and method, applied to charging of batteries with different capacities. The charging circuit may be applied to the power management module 140 of the electronic device 10.
For example,
In an implementation, as shown in
An embodiment of this application provides a charging method. The method may be applied to the charging circuit shown in
S1101. A controller determines a charging current target value (a first target value) of a battery 1, a charging current target value (a second target value) of a battery 2, and an output current target value (a third target value) of a voltage conversion circuit, where First target value/Second target value=Capacity of battery 1/Capacity of battery 2.
S1102. The controller sends the charging current target value (the first target value) of the battery 1 to a first circuit, and the controller sends the output current target value (the third target value) of the voltage conversion circuit to the voltage conversion circuit, where a sum of the output current target value (the third target value) of the voltage conversion circuit and the charging current target value (the first target value) of the battery 1 is the charging current target value (the second target value) of the battery 2.
For specific implementations of S1101 and S1102, refer to S801 and S802. Details are not described herein again.
S1103. The first circuit performs voltage conversion on a supply voltage of a charger, and adjusts an output voltage of the first circuit based on a current value of a charging current of the battery 1, so that the charging current of the battery 1 reaches the first target value. The voltage conversion circuit performs voltage conversion on the supply voltage of the charger, so that an output current of the voltage conversion circuit reaches the third target value.
For a specific implementation in which the first circuit performs voltage conversion on a supply voltage of a charger, and adjusts an output voltage of the first circuit based on a current value of a charging current of the battery 1, so that the charging current of the battery 1 reaches the first target value, refer to S803.
Different from S803, the voltage conversion circuit (such as a Buck) performs buck conversion on the supply voltage of the charger, and the output current is the third target value.
The first circuit and the voltage conversion circuit jointly charge the battery 1 and the battery 2, and at each stage of the charging process, Charging current value of battery 1/Charging current value of battery 2=Capacity of battery 1/Capacity of battery 2. In this way, the battery 1 and the battery 2 can be fully charged at the same time, thereby avoiding a loss of battery capacities.
The battery 141 (for example, including the battery 11 and the battery 12, or including the battery 1a and the battery 1b) in
That a battery supplies power to a system means that the battery discharges. Generally, a plurality of batteries are connected in series for charging, and are also connected in series for discharging. Because a rated supply voltage (which, for example, is equal to a supply voltage of a single battery) of the system is less than a supply voltage of a plurality of batteries connected in series, when the plurality of batteries are connected in series to supply power, step-down discharging is required.
In an example, as shown in
An embodiment of this application further provides a circuit for automatic switching between charging and discharging. For example, the circuit for automatic switching between charging and discharging may be a power supply circuit in an electronic device. During charging of a battery pack, batteries are connected in series. a first circuit and a voltage conversion circuit jointly charge a battery 1 and a battery 2, so that Charging current value of battery 1/Charging current value of battery 2=Capacity of battery 1/Capacity of battery 2, and the battery 1 and the battery 2 can be fully charged at the same time. When the battery pack supplies power to a system, the batteries are connected in parallel, and a supply voltage of the battery is equal to a rated supply voltage of the system, thereby avoiding an efficiency loss caused by power conversion by a discharging circuit and avoiding a waste of battery capacities.
In an example, as shown in
The first circuit 1c has one end coupled to a power supply terminal of a charger 20 and another end coupled to a positive electrode of the battery 1a. A negative electrode of the battery 1a is coupled to a first controlled terminal 1h1 of the second switch 1h. A first controlled terminal 1g1 of the first switch 1g is coupled to the positive electrode of the battery 1a. A second controlled terminal 1g2 of the first switch 1g is coupled to a second controlled terminal 1h2 of the second switch 1h and a positive electrode of the battery 1b. A third controlled terminal 1h3 of the second switch 1h is coupled to a negative electrode of the battery 1b. The voltage conversion circuit 1d has one end coupled to the power supply terminal of the charger 20 and another end coupled to the positive electrode of the battery 1b. The power supply terminal is coupled to a power supply interface of the system. A communication end of the first circuit 1c, a communication end of the voltage conversion circuit 1d, a control terminal of the first switch 1g, and a control terminal of the second switch 1h are separately in communication connection with (for example, connected through an integrated circuit bus to) the controller 1e.
In an example, the first circuit 1c is a direct charging circuit, the voltage conversion circuit 1d is a Buck, and the controller 1e is a SoC. The controller 1e may send a signal to the communication end of the first circuit 1c to control the first circuit 1c (the direct charging circuit) to be on or off. The controller 1e may send a signal to the control terminal 1g3 of the first switch 1g to control the first controlled terminal 1g1 of the first switch 1g to be electrically connected to or disconnected from the second controlled terminal 1g2. The controller may further send a signal to the control terminal 1h4 of the second switch 1h to control the first controlled terminal 1h1 of the second switch 1h to be electrically connected to the second controlled terminal 1h2 and control the first controlled terminal 1h1 to be electrically disconnected from the third controlled terminal 1h3; or control the first controlled terminal 1h1 of the second switch 1h to be electrically disconnected from the second controlled terminal 1h2 and control the first controlled terminal 1h1 to be electrically connected to the third controlled terminal 1h3.
In an implementation, when the battery pack is to be charged, the controller 1e determines that it is currently a charging process; and the controller 1e controls the first circuit 1c to be on; controls the first switch 1g to be off; and controls the first controlled terminal 1h1 of the second switch 1h to be electrically connected to the second controlled terminal 1h2 and controls the first controlled terminal 1h1 to be electrically disconnected from the third controlled terminal 1h3. In this way, the battery 1a and the battery 1b are connected in series. An equivalent circuit diagram is shown in
When the battery pack supplies power to the system, the controller 1e determines that it is currently a discharging process; and the controller 1e controls the first circuit 1c to be off; controls the first switch 1g to be on; and controls the first controlled terminal 1h1 of the second switch 1h to be electrically disconnected from the second controlled terminal 1h2 and controls the first controlled terminal 1h1 to be electrically connected to the third controlled terminal 1h3. An equivalent circuit diagram is shown in
When the battery pack is to be charged, the direct charging circuit 1c is on, the first switch 1g is off, the first controlled terminal 1h1 of the second switch 1h is electrically connected to the second controlled terminal 1h2 and the first controlled terminal 1h1 is electrically disconnected from the third controlled terminal 1h3; and the battery 1a and the battery 1b are connected in series. A current direction is shown in
When the battery pack supplies power to the system, the direct charging circuit 1c is off, the first switch 1g is n, the first controlled terminal 1h1 of the second switch 1h is electrically disconnected from the second controlled terminal 1h2, and the first controlled terminal 1h1 is electrically connected to the third controlled terminal 1h3; and the battery 1a and the battery 1b are connected in parallel. A current direction is shown in
In an example,
In an example,
For example, in the processes in which the battery pack is charged and the battery pack supplies power to the system, voltage changes of all endpoints are shown in Table 1.
For example,
S2101. Couple a charging interface of an electronic device to a charger.
A battery pack of the electronic device includes a battery 1 and a battery 2, a capacity of the battery 1 is a first value, a capacity of the battery 2 is a second value, and the first value is less than the second value. For example, the battery 1 is the foregoing battery 1a, and the battery 2 is the foregoing battery 1b.
A controller determines that the charging interface of the electronic device is coupled to the charger, and enters a process of charging the battery pack.
S2102. A controller controls a first circuit to be on; controls a first switch to be off; and controls a first controlled terminal of a second switch to be electrically connected to a second controlled terminal of the second switch and the first controlled terminal to be electrically disconnected from a third controlled terminal of the second switch.
For example, the first circuit is a direct charging circuit, the first switch is shown in
S2103. Connect a battery 1 and a battery 1 n series, where the first circuit charges the battery 1, and the first circuit and a voltage conversion circuit jointly charge the battery 2.
In an implementation, the battery 1 and the battery 2 may be charged by using the method shown in
S2104. Disconnect the charging interface of the electronic device from the charger.
The controller determines that the charging interface of the electronic device is disconnected from the charger and determines that the battery pack supplies power to a system.
S2105. The controller controls the first circuit to be off; controls the first switch to be on; and controls the first controlled terminal of the second switch to be electrically disconnected from the second controlled terminal of the second switch and the first controlled terminal to be electrically connected to the third controlled terminal of the second switch.
For example, the first circuit is a direct charging circuit, the first switch is shown in
S2106. Connect the battery 1 and the battery 2 in parallel to supply power to a system.
For example, a current direction is shown in
In some embodiments, when the charging interface of the electronic device is coupled to the charger, a power supply current of the charger may be partially used for charging the battery pack of the electronic device charge, and partially used for supplying power to the system of the electronic device, to ensure normal operation of the electronic device.
In an example, the charger 20 is electrically connected to the charging interface of the electronic device 10. The controller 1e determines that it is currently in a charging process, controls the first circuit 1c to be on, and controls the first switch 1g to be off; and controls the first controlled terminal 1h1 of the second switch 1h to be electrically connected to the second controlled terminal 1h2 and the first controlled terminal 1h1 to be electrically disconnected from the third controlled terminal 1h3. In this way, the battery 1a and the battery 1b are connected in series. For example, an equivalent circuit is shown in
An embodiment of this application further provides a coulometer, which may be applied not only to a circuit in which a plurality of batteries are connected in series, but also to a circuit in which a plurality of batteries are connected in parallel. The coulometer may be a part of the electronic device 10, for example, the power management module 140 in
In some embodiments, as shown in
In an implementation, as shown in
Optionally, the chip 31 and the chip 32 each further include a pin Pdata and a pin Pcl, used to communicate with another chip (such as a SoC) through an IIC communication protocol. Optionally, the coulometer 30 may further include a pin Pdata and a pin Pcl (not shown in the figure). The pin Pdata of each of the chip 31 and the chip 32 is connected to the pin Pdata of the coulometer 30. The pin Pcl of each of the chip 31 and the chip 32 is connected to the pin Pcl of the coulometer 30. The coulometer 30 has the pin Pdata and the pin Pcl connected to an integrated circuit bus of the electronic device 10, and reports the voltage of the battery 1a and the voltage of the battery 1b to the controller 15 through the IIC communication protocol.
In some embodiments, the coulometer 30 is further configured to measure a current flowing through (input to or output from) the battery 1a and a current flowing through (input to or output from) the battery 1b. For example, as shown in
In an implementation, as shown in
Optionally, in an example, the coulometer 30 has the pin Pdata and the pin Pcl connected to the integrated circuit bus of the electronic device 10, and reports the current of the battery 1a and the current of the battery 1b to the controller 15 through the IIC communication protocol. For example, the coulometer 30 is the sampling circuit 16 in
In some embodiments, the coulometer 30 is further configured to measure a temperature of the battery 1a and a temperature of the battery 1b. For example, as shown in FIG. 27, the chip 31 and the chip 32 each include a pin Pt1 and a pin Pt2, and the coulometer 30 further includes resistors R3, R4, R5, and R6. R3 has one terminal grounded (such as coupled to the pin Pdata of the chip 31) and the other terminal connected to the pin Pt2 of the chip 31. R4 has one terminal connected to the terminal of R3 that is connected to the pin Pt2 of the chip 31 and the other terminal connected to the pin Pt1 of the chip 31. R5 has one terminal connected to the negative electrode of the battery 1b (approximately considered to be grounded) and the other terminal connected to the pin Pt2 of the chip 32. R6 has one terminal connected to the terminal of R5 that is connected to the pin Pt2 of the chip 32 and the other terminal connected to the pin Pt1 of the chip 32. R3 and R5 are each a thermistor, for example, an NTC (negative temperature coefficient, negative temperature coefficient). R3 is disposed at a location close to the battery 1a (for example, in the battery pack of the battery 1a). R5 is disposed at a location close to the battery 1b (for example, in the battery pack of the battery 1b). In this way, the resistance values of R3 and R5 may change with changes in the battery temperature.
The pin Pt1 and the pin Pt2 of the chip 31 respectively collect the voltage values at the two terminals of the resistor R4, and a voltage difference between the two terminals of the resistor R4 is obtained. The resistor R3 has one terminal grounded, with a voltage value being 0 V. The pin Pt2 of the chip 31 collects a voltage value of the other terminal of the resistor R3, and obtains a voltage difference between the two terminals of the resistor R3. Referring to
Optionally, in an example, the coulometer 30 has the pin Pdata and the pin Pcl connected to the integrated circuit bus of the electronic device 10, and reports the temperature value of the battery 1a and the temperature value of the battery 1b to the controller 15 through the IIC communication protocol.
In an example, the chip 31 and the chip 32 are a same power management chip, for example, a coulometer.
Further, an electricity quantity of the battery 1a may be calculated based on the voltage, the current, and the temperature value of the battery 1a; and an electricity quantity of the battery 1b may be calculated based on the voltage, the current, and the temperature value of the battery 1b.
Common methods for calculating a battery electricity quantity (or state of charge) include an open-circuit voltage method (OCV) and a Coulomb counting method.
In the open-circuit voltage method, the remaining battery power is generally calculated by looking up a correspondence table of open-circuit voltages and states of charge of a battery. The open-circuit voltage is a battery voltage with a battery being in an idle state (neither charging nor discharging) for about more than half an hour. Battery voltage=OCV−IR, where I is a battery current, and R is a battery internal resistance. A voltage and a current of the battery is obtained by using a coulometer, and then, the battery electricity quantity can be obtained through a preset correspondence table of open-circuit voltages and states of charge. However, a larger I and a larger R indicate a larger difference between the battery voltage and the open-circuit voltage OCV, and a larger estimated error between the state of charge of the battery and the battery electricity quantity. In other words, both the battery internal resistance and a load current affect measurement accuracy, and the battery internal resistance is relatively highly discrete with the impact of the foregoing factors. Under different loads, temperatures, and aging states of the battery, the correspondence between open-circuit voltages and states of charge of the battery also changes. Therefore, during actual application, the battery voltage and the correspondence between open-circuit voltages and states of charge of the battery are usually further corrected based on an actual load, a current current value, and a temperature value of the battery, to obtain a more accurate battery electricity quantity (or state of charge). For a specific implementation method, refer to the conventional practice in the prior art. This is not limited in this embodiment of this application.
The Coulomb counting method, also referred to as an ampere-hour integration method, generally measures a current value of a battery charging or discharging, and then integrates the charging current value or discharging current value against a time (RTC) to obtain a quantity of coulombs charged or discharged. The method can accurately calculate a real-time state of charge of the battery charging or discharging. The current remaining electricity quantity RM and a full charge capacity FCC are calculated based on a previously remaining battery capacity. In this way, the state of charge is calculated by using the remaining capacity RM and the full charge capacity FCC, that is, State of charge=RM/FCC. In addition, the method can also estimate the remaining time, for example, the time to exhaustion (TTE) and the time to full (TTF).
Using a discharging process as an example, a measurement idea of the Coulomb counting method is to first obtain a maximum capacity of a battery at full charge, then integrate a discharging current in the discharging process with the time to obtain a discharge capacity, and subtract the discharge capacity from a full charge capacity to obtain the remaining capacity.
However, the method requires a complete discharge cycle to learn to determine the maximum capacity of the battery. Theoretically, it is updated when the battery is completely discharged. However, during actual application, due to the need to perform some operations such as a power off operation, some battery capacity needs to be reserved for this purpose. Therefore, the update is usually performed when the electricity quantity of the battery is 3% to 7% remaining. Using 7% as an example, this means that the battery has discharged 93% of the capacity. At the same time, integrating the discharging current with the time can obtain the discharged capacity (m Ah), and this is divided by 93% to obtain the full charge capacity of the battery.
Therefore, a key point in determining the full charge capacity is how to determine that the state of charge of the battery has reached 7%. This is generally determined based on the battery voltage, and the battery voltage is related to the current, temperature, impedance, and other factors at that time. This voltage can be defined as an end discharge voltage EDV, where EDV=OCV−IR. Generally, when the temperature and current are constant, and the battery internal resistance is not much different, the EDV is also basically constant. However, during actual application, the load current, temperature, and the like may change. In this case, the EDV obtained when the state of charge is 7% is different accordingly. Therefore, compensation needs to be performed based on the load current, temperature, and the like of the battery.
In addition, there may be deviations in the calculation of the electricity quantity using the Coulomb counting method.
Main reasons for the accuracy deviation caused by the use of the Coulomb counting method are as follow:
A first reason is the accumulation of deviations in current monitoring and ADC measurement (a coulometer collects a current through a pin). Any precision of ADC has an accuracy problem, and long-term operation causes the accumulation of such errors. If this has not been eliminated, a large deviation is caused. To eliminate the accumulation of errors, there are three possible time points in a normal operation for a battery: end of charge (EOC), end of discharge (EOD), and relax (RELAX). End of charge means that the battery is fully charged and the state of charge of the battery is 100%. End of discharge means that the battery has been completely discharged, and the state of charge of the battery is 0%. An end-of-charge state and an end-of-discharge state usually can be represented by using a voltage and a current of the battery. For example, a condition for satisfying the end-of-charge state is usually that the voltage of the battery is greater than a particular value and a current charging current is less than a cut-off current. Reaching a relax state means that there is no charging or discharging, which is also referred to as a light load state. Usually, such a state is maintained for more than half an hour, and in this case, the voltage of the battery is approximate to an open-circuit voltage of the battery.
A second reason is an error caused by a full charge electricity quantity of the battery, which is mainly a difference between a designed capacity value of the battery and a real battery capacity of the battery. In addition, the full charge electricity quantity is affected by a battery temperature, aging, load, and other factors, and compensation needs to be performed based on a load current, a temperature, and the like of the battery.
In addition, the electricity quantity may also be calculated by using a dynamic voltage method, an impedance tracking method, and other methods. During actual application, the electricity quantity of the battery may be calculated by using a method that can be obtained in a conventional technology. All in all, to accurately calculate the electricity quantity of the battery, a voltage, a current, and a temperature value of the battery need to be accurately obtained.
The coulometer provided in this embodiment of this application not only can be used to accurately measure voltage values, current values, and temperature values of two batteries when the two batteries are connected in series for charging; but also can be used to accurately measure voltage values, current values, and temperature values of two batteries when the two batteries are connected in parallel for discharging. Regardless of whether a circuit is switched to a state in which two batteries are connected in series for charging or to a state in which two batteries are connected in parallel for discharging, real-time electricity quantities of the two batteries can be accurately obtained. There is no need to change the connection relationship between the coulometer and the batteries, and there is no need to draw support from other auxiliary means. In addition, in terms of the coulometer provided in this embodiment of this application, the existing coulometer (the chip 31 and the chip 32) can be reused for transformation, thereby achieving simple implementation and low costs.
It should be noted that the coulometer 30 may further include more pins, such as interrupt pins (int), and the more pins can be achieved by using a common method that can be obtained by a person skilled in the art. This is not limited in this embodiment of this application.
For example,
The second controlled terminal 1g2 of the first switch 1g is coupled to the second controlled terminal 1h2 of the second switch 1h, the positive electrode of the battery 1b, and the pin Pv3 of the coulometer 30 (the pin Picv of the chip 32). The negative electrode of the battery 1b is coupled to the pin Pi3 of the coulometer 30 (the pin Pici1 of the chip 32). The third controlled terminal 1h3 of the second switch 1h is coupled to the pin Pi4 of the coulometer 30 (the pin Pici2 of the chip 32) and the pin Pgnd of the coulometer 30 and grounded. The resistor R2 is connected between the negative electrode of the battery 1b and a ground point.
When the first switch 1g is off, the first controlled terminal 1h1 of the second switch 1h is electrically connected to the second controlled terminal 1h2 and the first controlled terminal 1h1 is electrically disconnected from the third controlled terminal 1h3. In this way, the battery 1a and the battery 1b are connected in series.
When the first switch 1g is on, the first controlled terminal 1h1 of the second switch 1h is electrically disconnected from the second controlled terminal 1h2 and the first controlled terminal 1h1 is electrically connected to the third controlled terminal 1h3. In this way, the battery 1a and the battery 1b are connected in parallel.
The coulometer 30 may be configured to measure electricity quantities of the battery 1a and the battery 1b when the battery 1a and the battery 1b are connected in series, and may be further configured to measure electricity quantities of the battery 1a and the battery 1b when the battery 1a and the battery 1b are connected in parallel.
As shown in
An embodiment of this application further provides a computer-readable storage medium, including instructions. The instructions, when run on the foregoing electronic device, cause the electronic device to perform each function or step in the foregoing method embodiment, for example, perform the method shown in
An embodiment of this application further provides a computer program product including instructions. The instructions, when run on the foregoing electronic device, cause the electronic device to perform each function or step in the foregoing method embodiment, for example, perform the method shown in
For technical effects of the chip system, the computer-readable storage medium, and the computer program product, refer to the technical effects of the foregoing method embodiments.
It should be understood that sequence numbers of the foregoing processes do not mean execution sequences in various embodiments of this application. The execution sequences of the processes should be determined according to functions and internal logic of the processes, and should not constitute any limitation on the implementation processes of the embodiments of this application.
A person of ordinary skill in the art may be aware that, in combination with the examples described in the embodiments disclosed in this specification, modules and algorithm steps may be implemented by electronic hardware or a combination of computer software and electronic hardware. Whether the functions are performed by hardware or software depends on particular applications and design constraint conditions of the technical solutions. A person skilled in the art can use different methods to implement the described functions for each particular application, but it should not be considered that such implementation goes beyond the scope of this application.
A person skilled in the art may clearly understand that, for the objective of convenient and brief description, for a detailed working process of the system, apparatus, and module described above, refer to a corresponding process in the method embodiments, and details are not described herein again.
In the several embodiments provided in this application, it should be understood that the disclosed system, device and method may be implemented in other manners. For example, the described device embodiments are merely examples. For example, division of the modules is merely logical function division and there may be other division manners during actual implementation. For example, a plurality of modules or components may be combined or integrated into another device, or some features may be ignored or not performed. In addition, the displayed or discussed mutual couplings or direct couplings or communication connections may be implemented by using some interfaces. The indirect couplings or communication connections between the devices or modules may be implemented in electronic, mechanical, or other forms.
The modules described as separate parts may or may not be physically separate, and parts displayed as modules may or may not be physical modules, may be located in one device, or may be distributed on a plurality of devices. Some or all of the modules may be selected according to actual needs to achieve the objectives of the solutions of the embodiments.
In addition, functional modules in the embodiments of this application may be integrated into one device, or each of the modules may exist alone physically, or two or more modules may be integrated into one device.
All or some of the foregoing embodiments may be implemented by using software, hardware, firmware, or any combination thereof. When a software program is used to implement the embodiments, the embodiments may be implemented completely or partially in a form of a computer program product. The computer program product includes one or more computer instructions. When the computer program instructions are loaded and executed on a computer, all or some of the processes or functions according to the embodiments of this application are produced. The computer may be a general-purpose computer, a dedicated computer, a computer network, or another programmable apparatus. The computer instructions may be stored in a computer-readable storage medium or may be transmitted from a computer-readable storage medium to another computer-readable storage medium. For example, the computer instructions may be transmitted from a website, computer, server, or data center to another website, computer, server, or data center in a wired (for example, a coaxial cable, an optical fiber, or a digital subscriber line (digital subscriber line, DSL)) or wireless (for example, infrared, radio, or microwave) manner. The computer-readable storage medium may be any usable medium accessible by a computer, or a data storage device, such as a server or a data center, integrating one or more usable media. The usable medium may be a magnetic medium (for example, a floppy disk, a hard disk, or a magnetic tape), an optical medium (for example, a DVD), a semiconductor medium (for example, a solid state disk (solid state disk, SSD)), or the like.
The foregoing descriptions are merely specific implementations of this application, but are not intended to limit the protection scope of this application. Any variation or replacement readily figured out by a person skilled in the art within the technical scope disclosed in this application shall fall within the protection scope of this application. Therefore, the protection scope of this application should be subject to the protection scope of the claims.
| Number | Date | Country | Kind |
|---|---|---|---|
| 202210790144.6 | Jul 2022 | CN | national |
This application is a National Stage of International Application No. PCT/CN2023/089857 filed on Apr. 21, 2023, which claims priority to Chinese Patent Application No. 202210790144.6 filed on Jul. 6, 2022, which are incorporated herein by references in their entireties.
| Filing Document | Filing Date | Country | Kind |
|---|---|---|---|
| PCT/CN2023/089857 | 4/21/2023 | WO |
