Patent Application
20230020540
The present disclosure relates to a multi-component host material and an organic electroluminescent device comprising the same.
An electroluminescent (EL) device is a self-light-emitting device which has advantages in that it provides a wider viewing angle, a greater contrast ratio, and a faster response time. An organic EL device was first developed by Eastman Kodak, by using small aromatic diamine molecules and aluminum complexes as materials to form a light-emitting layer [Appl. Phys. Lett. 51, 913, 1987].
The most important factor determining luminous efficiency in the organic EL device is light-emitting materials. Until now, fluorescent materials have been widely used as light-emitting materials. However, in view of electroluminescent mechanisms, since phosphorescent materials theoretically enhance luminous efficiency by four (4) times compared to fluorescent materials, phosphorescent light-emitting materials are widely being researched. Iridium(III) complexes have been widely known as phosphorescent materials, including bis(2-(2′-benzothienyl)-pyridinato-N,C3′)iridium(acetylacetonate) ((acac)Ir(btp)2), tris(2-phenylpyridine)iridium (Ir(ppy)3) and bis(4,6-difluorophenylpyridinato-N,C2)picolinate iridium (Firpic) as red-, green- and blue-emitting materials, respectively.
At present, 4,4′-N,N′-dicarbazol-biphenyl (CBP) is the most widely known host material for phosphorescent materials. Recently, Pioneer (Japan) et al., developed a high performance organic EL device using bathocuproine (BCP) and aluminum(III) bis(2-methyl-8-quinolinate)(4-phenylphenolate) (BAlq) etc., as host materials, which were known as hole blocking materials.
Although conventional materials provide good light-emitting characteristics, they have the following disadvantages: (1) Due to their low glass transition temperature and poor thermal stability, their degradation may occur during a high-temperature deposition process in a vacuum. (2) The power efficiency of the organic EL device is given by [(Tr/voltage)×current efficiency], and the power efficiency is inversely proportional to the voltage. Although the organic EL device comprising phosphorescent host materials provides higher current efficiency (cd/A) than one comprising fluorescent materials, a significantly high driving voltage is necessary. Thus, there is no merit in terms of power efficiency (lm/W). (3) Furthermore, the operational lifespan of the organic EL device is short, and luminous efficiency is still required to be improved. In order to solve the aforementioned problems of phosphorescent material, there have been attempts to form a light-emitting layer with two or more host compounds.
WO 2011/136755 and WO 2013/146645 disclose organic electroluminescent devices in which a light-emitting layer comprises two or more host compounds including an indolocarbazole-based compound. However, the references fail to disclose an organic electroluminescent device comprising both an indolocarbazole-based compound and a carbazole-based compound as the host compounds.
The objective of the present disclosure is to provide an organic electroluminescent device having low driving voltage, high color purity, good luminous efficiency such as good current efficiency, and long lifespan.
The present inventors found that the above objective can be achieved by an organic electroluminescent device comprising an anode, a cathode, and an organic layer disposed between the anode and cathode, wherein the organic layer comprises one or more light-emitting layers; at least one light-emitting layer comprises one or more dopant compounds and two or more host compounds; a first host compound of the host compounds is represented by the following formula 1; and a second host compound is represented by the following formula 2:
wherein
L1 and L2, each independently, represent a single bond, or a substituted or unsubstituted (C6-C30)arylene;
Ar1 to Ar3, each independently, represent hydrogen, deuterium, a halogen, a cyano, a substituted or unsubstituted (C1-C30)alkyl, a substituted or unsubstituted (C3-C30)cycloalkyl, a substituted or unsubstituted (C6-C30)aryl, a substituted or unsubstituted 3- to 30-membered heteroaryl, a substituted or unsubstituted mono- or di-(C6-C30)arylamino, a substituted or unsubstituted (C1-C30)alkyl(C6-C30)arylamino, a substituted or unsubstituted tri(C1-C30)alkylsilyl, a substituted or unsubstituted tri(C6-C30)arylsilyl, a substituted or unsubstituted di(C1-C30)alkyl(C6-C30)arylsilyl, or a substituted or unsubstituted (C1-C30)alkyldi(C6-C30)arylsilyl; or may be linked to an adjacent substituent(s) to form a substituted or unsubstituted 3- to 30-membered, mono- or polycyclic, alicyclic or aromatic ring, whose carbon atom(s) may be replaced with at least one hetero atom selected from the group consisting of nitrogen, oxygen, and sulfur;
Ar4 and Ar5, each independently, represent hydrogen, a substituted or unsubstituted (C1-C30)alkyl, a substituted or unsubstituted (C6-C30)aryl, or a substituted or unsubstituted, oxygen- or sulfur-containing 3- to 30-membered heteroaryl;
a and c, each independently, represent an integer of 1 to 4; b represents an integer of 1 to 2; and where a, b, or c is an integer of 2 or more, each of Ar1, Ar2 or Ar3 may be the same or different;
wherein
La represents a single bond, or a substituted or unsubstituted (C6-C30)arylene;
Ma represents a substituted or unsubstituted, nitrogen-containing 5- to 18-membered heteroaryl; and
Xa to Xh, each independently, represent hydrogen, deuterium, a halogen, a cyano, a substituted or unsubstituted (C1-C30)alkyl, a substituted or unsubstituted (C2-C30)alkenyl, a substituted or unsubstituted (C2-C30)alkynyl, a substituted or unsubstituted (C3-C30)cycloalkyl, a substituted or unsubstituted (C6-C30)aryl, a substituted or unsubstituted 3- to 30-membered heteroaryl, a substituted or unsubstituted tri(C1-C30)alkylsilyl, a substituted or unsubstituted tri(C6-C30)arylsilyl, a substituted or unsubstituted di(C1-C30)alkyl(C6-C30)arylsilyl, a substituted or unsubstituted (C1-C30)alkyldi(C6-C30)arylsilyl, a substituted or unsubstituted (C1-C30)alkyl(C6-C30)arylamino, or a substituted or unsubstituted mono- or di-(C6-C30)arylamino; or may be linked to an adjacent substituent(s) to form a substituted or unsubstituted 3- to 30-membered, mono- or polycyclic, alicyclic or aromatic ring, whose carbon atom(s) may be replaced with at least one hetero atom selected from the group consisting of nitrogen, oxygen, and sulfur;
wherein the heteroaryl contains one or more hetero atoms selected from the group consisting of B, N, O, S, Si and P.
An organic electroluminescent device of the present disclosure has low driving voltage, high color purity, good luminous efficiency such as good current efficiency, and long lifespan.
Hereinafter, the present disclosure will be described in detail. However, the following description is intended to explain the invention, and is not meant in any way to restrict the scope of the invention.
The details of the organic electroluminescent device of the present disclosure are as follows.
Herein, “(C1-C30)alkyl” indicates a linear or branched alkyl having 1 to 30, preferably 1 to 20, and more preferably 1 to 10 carbon atoms, and includes methyl, ethyl, n-propyl, isopropyl, n-butyl, isobutyl, tert-butyl, etc. “(C2-C30) alkenyl” indicates a linear or branched alkenyl having 2 to 30, preferably 2 to 20, and more preferably 2 to 10 carbon atoms and includes vinyl, 1-propenyl, 2-propenyl, 1-butenyl, 2-butenyl, 3-butenyl, 2-methylbut-2-enyl, etc. “(C2-C30)alkynyl” indicates a linear or branched alkynyl having 2 to 30, preferably 2 to 20, and more preferably 2 to 10 carbon atoms and includes ethynyl, 1-propynyl, 2-propynyl, 1-butynyl, 2-butynyl, 3-butynyl, 1-methylpent-2-ynyl, etc. “(C3-C30)cycloalkyl” indicates a mono- or polycyclic hydrocarbon having 3 to 30, preferably 3 to 20, and more preferably 3 to 7 carbon atoms and includes cyclopropyl, cyclobutyl, cyclopentyl, cyclohexyl, etc. “3- to 7-membered heterocycloalkyl” indicates a cycloalkyl having 3 to 7, preferably 5 to 7 ring backbone atoms including at least one hetero atom selected from the group consisting of B, N, O, S, Si, and P, preferably O, S, and N, and includes tetrahydrofuran, pyrrolidine, thiolan, tetrahydropyran, etc. Furthermore, “(C6-C30)aryl(ene)” indicates a monocyclic or fused ring radical derived from an aromatic hydrocarbon and having 6 to 30, preferably 6 to 20, and more preferably 6 to 15 ring backbone carbon atoms, and includes phenyl, biphenyl, terphenyl, naphthyl, fluorenyl, phenanthrenyl, anthracenyl, indenyl, triphenylenyl, pyrenyl, tetracenyl, perylenyl, chrysenyl, naphthacenyl, fluoranthenyl, benzofluorenyl, spirobifluorenyl, etc. “3- to 30-membered heteroaryl(ene)” indicates an aryl group having 3 to 30, preferably 5 to 20, and more preferably 5 to 18 ring backbone atoms including at least one, preferably 1 to 4, hetero atom selected from the group consisting of B, N, O, S, Si, and P; may be a monocyclic ring, or a fused ring condensed with at least one benzene ring; may be partially saturated; may be one formed by linking at least one heteroaryl or aryl group to a heteroaryl group via a single bond(s); and includes a monocyclic ring-type heteroaryl such as furyl, thiophenyl, pyrrolyl, imidazolyl, pyrazolyl, thiazolyl, thiadiazolyl, isothiazolyl, isoxazolyl, oxazolyl, oxadiazolyl, triazinyl, tetrazinyl, triazolyl, tetrazolyl, furazanyl, pyridyl, pyrazinyl, pyrimidinyl, pyridazinyl, etc., and a fused ring-type heteroaryl such as benzofuranyl, benzothiophenyl, isobenzofuranyl, dibenzofuranyl, dibenzothiophenyl, naphthobenzofuranyl, naphthobenzothiophenyl, benzoimidazolyl, benzothiazolyl, benzoisothiazolyl, benzoisoxazolyl, benzoxazolyl, isoindolyl, indolyl, indazolyl, benzothiadiazolyl, quinolyl, isoquinolyl, cinnolinyl, quinazolinyl, quinoxalinyl, carbazolyl, phenoxazinyl, phenanthridinyl, benzodioxolyl, etc. “Nitrogen-containing heteroaryl” indicates a heteroaryl containing at least one nitrogen as the hetero atom, and includes a monocyclic ring-type heteroaryl such as pyrrolyl, imidazolyl, pyrazolyl, triazinyl, tetrazinyl, triazolyl, tetrazolyl, pyridyl, pyrazinyl, pyrimidinyl, pyridazinyl, etc., and a fused ring-type heteroaryl such as benzoimidazolyl, isoindolyl, indolyl, indazolyl, benzothiadiazolyl, quinolyl, isoquinolyl, cinnolinyl, quinazolinyl, quinoxalinyl, carbazolyl, phenanthridinyl, etc. Furthermore, “halogen” includes F, Cl, Br, and I.
Herein, “substituted” in the expression, “substituted or unsubstituted,” means that a hydrogen atom in a certain functional group is replaced with another atom or group, i.e. a substituent. In the formulae of the present disclosure, each of the substituents for the substituted alkyl, the substituted alkenyl, the substituted alkynyl, the substituted cycloalkyl, the substituted aryl(ene), the substituted heteroaryl, the substituted trialkylsilyl, the substituted triarylsilyl, the substituted dialkylarylsilyl, the substituted alkyldiarylsilyl, the substituted mono- or di-arylamino, the substituted alkylarylamino, or the substituted mono- or polycyclic, alicyclic or aromatic ring, each independently, may be at least one selected from the group consisting of deuterium; a halogen; a cyano; a carboxy; a nitro; a hydroxy; a (C1-C30)alkyl; a halo(C1-C30)alkyl; a (C2-C30)alkenyl; a (C2-C30)alkynyl; a (C1-C30)alkoxy; a (C1-C30)alkylthio; a (C3-C30)cycloalkyl; a (C3-C30)cycloalkenyl; a 3- to 7-membered heterocycloalkyl; a (C6-C30)aryloxy; a (C6-C30)arylthio; a 3- to 30-membered heteroaryl unsubstituted or substituted with a tri(C6-C30)arylsilyl, a (C6-C30)aryl, a (C1-C30)alkyl(C6-C30)aryl, or a tri(C6-C30)arylsilyl(C6-C30)aryl; a (C6-C30)aryl unsubstituted or substituted with a (C1-C30)alkyl, a halogen, a (C6-C30)aryl, or a 3- to 30-membered heteroaryl; a tri(C1-C30)alkylsilyl; a tri(C6-C30)arylsilyl; a di(C1-C30)alkyl(C6-C30)arylsilyl; a (C1-C30)alkyldi(C6-C30)arylsilyl; an amino; a mono- or di-(C1-C30)alkylamino; a mono- or di-(C6-C30)arylamino; a (C1-C30)alkyl(C6-C30)arylamino; a (C1-C30)alkylcarbonyl; a (C1-C30)alkoxycarbonyl; a (C6-C30)arylcarbonyl; a di(C6-C30)arylboronyl; a di(C1-C30)alkylboronyl; a (C1-C30)alkyl(C6-C30)arylboronyl; a (C6-C30)aryl(C1-C30)alkyl; and a (C1-C30)alkyl(C6-C30)aryl; and preferably, at least one selected from the group consisting of a (C1-C20)alkyl; a (C5-C20)cycloalkyl; a (C6-C30)aryl; a 5- to 30-membered heteroaryl; a 5- to 30-membered heteroaryl substituted with a tri(C6-C30)arylsilyl, a (C6-C30)aryl, a (C1-C20)alkyl(C6-C30)aryl, or a tri(C6-C30)arylsilyl(C6-C30)aryl; a (C6-C30)aryl substituted with a (C1-C20)alkyl, a halogen, a (C6-C30)aryl, or a 5- to 30-membered heteroaryl; a tri(C6-C30)arylsilyl; a di(C1-C10)alkyl(C6-C30)arylsilyl; a (C1-C10)alkyldi(C6-C30)arylsilyl; a mono- or di-(C6-C30)arylamino; a (C1-C10)alkyl(C6-C30)arylamino; a (C6-C30)aryl(C1-C10)alkyl; and a (C1-C10)alkyl(C6-C30)aryl.
According to one embodiment of the organic electroluminescent device of the present disclosure, the compound of formula 1 may be specifically represented by the following formula 3:
wherein L1, L2, Ar1 to Ar5, and a to c are as defined in formula 1 above.
In formula 1 or 3, L1 and L2, each independently, may represent preferably, a single bond, or a substituted or unsubstituted (C6-C12)arylene. L1 and L2, each independently, may represent specifically, a single bond, or one of the following formulae 4-1 to 4-10.
In formula 1 or 3, Ar1 to Ar3, each independently, may represent, preferably hydrogen, a halogen, a cyano, a substituted or unsubstituted (C1-C30)alkyl, a substituted or unsubstituted (C6-C30)aryl, a substituted or unsubstituted 5- to 30-membered heteroaryl, a substituted or unsubstituted mono- or di-(C6-C30)arylamino, a substituted or unsubstituted (C1-C10)alkyl(C6-C30)arylamino, a substituted or unsubstituted tri(C6-C30)arylsilyl, a substituted or unsubstituted di(C1-C10)alkyl(C6-C30)arylsilyl, or a substituted or unsubstituted (C1-C10)alkyldi(C6-C30)arylsilyl; or may be linked to an adjacent substituent(s) to form a substituted or unsubstituted 3- to 30-membered, mono- or polycyclic, alicyclic or aromatic ring. Specifically, Ar1 to Ar3, each independently, may represent hydrogen; a halogen; a cyano; a unsubstituted (C1-C10)alkyl; phenyl, biphenyl, naphthyl, terphenyl, or fluorenyl, unsubstituted or substituted with a (C1-C10)alkyl, a halogen, a cyano, a di(C6-C18)arylamino(wherein the aryl may be for example, phenyl, biphenyl, naphthyl, dimethylfluorenyl, or diphenylfluorenyl) or a 5- to 18-membered heteroaryl (for example, carbazolyl, benzocarbazolyl, dibenzofuranyl, naphthobenzofuranyl, dibenzothiophenyl, naphthobenzothiophenyl); carbazolyl, benzocarbazolyl, dibenzofuranyl, naphthobenzofuranyl, dibenzothiophenyl, naphthobenzothiophenyl, pyrimidinyl, or triazinyl, unsubstituted or substituted with a (C1-C10)alkyl, a halogen, a cyano, or a (C6-C18)aryl (for example, phenyl, biphenyl, naphthyl); a di(C6-C18)arylamino (wherein the aryl may be for example, phenyl, biphenyl, naphthyl, dimethylfluorenyl, or diphenylfluorenyl) unsubstituted or substituted with a (C1-C10)alkyl; or a tri(C6-C18)arylsilyl (wherein the aryl may be for example, phenyl, biphenyl, naphthyl, dimethylfluorenyl, or diphenylfluorenyl) unsubstituted or substituted with a (C1-C10)alkyl; or may be linked to an adjacent substituent(s) to form a benzene ring unsubstituted or substituted with a (C1-C10)alkyl, a halogen, a cyano, a di(C6-C18)arylamino, a 5- to 18-membered heteroaryl, or a (C6-C18)aryl.
In formula 1 or 3, Ar3 and Ar5, each independently, may represent preferably, a substituted or unsubstituted (C1-C10)alkyl, a substituted or unsubstituted (C6-C30)aryl, or a substituted or unsubstituted oxygen- or sulfur-containing 5- to 18-membered heteroaryl. More preferably, one of Ar3 and Ar5 may be a substituted or unsubstituted (C6-C30)aryl, and the other may be a substituted or unsubstituted (C1-C10)alkyl, or a substituted or unsubstituted (C6-C30)aryl; or one of Ar3 and Ar5 may be a substituted or unsubstituted oxygen- or sulfur-containing 5- to 18-membered heteroaryl, and the other may be a substituted or unsubstituted (C1-C10)alkyl, or a substituted or unsubstituted (C6-C30)aryl. Specifically, Ar3 and Ar5, each independently, may represent a substituted or unsubstituted (C1-C10)alkyl, a substituted or unsubstituted phenyl, a substituted or unsubstituted biphenyl, a substituted or unsubstituted terphenyl, a substituted or unsubstituted naphthyl, a substituted or unsubstituted naphthylphenyl, a substituted or unsubstituted phenylnaphthyl, a substituted or unsubstituted fluorenyl, a substituted or unsubstituted benzofluorenyl, a substituted or unsubstituted spirobifluorenyl, a substituted or unsubstituted phenanthrenyl, a substituted or unsubstituted anthracenyl, a substituted or unsubstituted indenyl, a substituted or unsubstituted triphenylenyl, a substituted or unsubstituted pyrenyl, a substituted or unsubstituted tetracenyl, a substituted or unsubstituted perylenyl, a substituted or unsubstituted chrysenyl, a substituted or unsubstituted naphthacenyl, a substituted or unsubstituted fluoranthenyl, a substituted or unsubstituted dibenzofuranyl, a substituted or unsubstituted naphthobenzofuranyl, a substituted or unsubstituted dibenzothiophenyl, or a substituted or unsubstituted naphthobenzothiophenyl. Specifically, if the alkyl, the aryl, or the heteroaryl of Ar3 and Ar5 is substituted, the substituent may be one or more selected from the group consisting of a cyano, a halogen, a (C1-C10)alkyl, a (C6-C30)aryl, a tri(C6-C30)arylsilyl, a (C1-C10)alkyldi(C6-C30)arylsilyl, a mono- or di-(C6-C30)arylamino, a (C1-C10)alkyl(C6-C30)arylamino, a (C1-C10)alkyl(C6-C30)aryl, and a 6- to 18-membered heteroaryl unsubstituted or substituted with a (C6-C18)aryl.
In formula 2, La may represent preferably, a single bond, or a substituted or unsubstituted (C6-C12)arylene; and more preferably, a single bond, or a (C6-C12)arylene unsubstituted or substituted with a tri(C6-C10)arylsilyl. Specifically, La may represent a single bond, or one of the following formulae 5-1 to 5-10:
In formula 2, Ma may represent preferably, a substituted or unsubstituted, nitrogen-containing 5- to 15-membered heteroaryl. Ma may represent more preferably, a nitrogen-containing 6- to 15-membered heteroaryl unsubstituted or substituted with the following substituent: a cyano; a halogen; a (C1-C10)alkyl; a tri(C6-C18)arylsilyl unsubstituted or substituted with a cyano, a halogen, or a (C1-C10)alkyl; a (C6-C18)aryl unsubstituted or substituted with a cyano, a halogen, a (C1-C10)alkyl, or a tri(C6-C12)arylsilyl; or a 5- to 15-membered heteroaryl unsubstituted or substituted with a cyano, a halogen, a (C1-C10)alkyl, or a tri(C6-C12)arylsilyl.
Ma may represent specifically, a substituted or unsubstituted pyrrolyl, a substituted or unsubstituted imidazolyl, a substituted or unsubstituted pyrazolyl, a substituted or unsubstituted triazinyl, a substituted or unsubstituted tetrazinyl, a substituted or unsubstituted triazolyl, a substituted or unsubstituted tetrazolyl, a substituted or unsubstituted pyridyl, a substituted or unsubstituted pyrazinyl, a substituted or unsubstituted pyrimidinyl, a substituted or unsubstituted pyridazinyl, a substituted or unsubstituted benzoimidazolyl, a substituted or unsubstituted isoindolyl, a substituted or unsubstituted indolyl, a substituted or unsubstituted indazolyl, a substituted or unsubstituted benzothiadiazolyl, a substituted or unsubstituted quinolyl, a substituted or unsubstituted isoquinolyl, a substituted or unsubstituted cinnolinyl, a substituted or unsubstituted quinazolinyl, a substituted or unsubstituted naphthyridinyl, a substituted or unsubstituted quinoxalinyl, a substituted or unsubstituted carbazolyl, or a substituted or unsubstituted phenanthridinyl; and more specifically, a substituted or unsubstituted triazinyl, a substituted or unsubstituted pyrimidinyl, a substituted or unsubstituted pyridyl, a substituted or unsubstituted quinolyl, a substituted or unsubstituted isoquinolyl, a substituted or unsubstituted quinazolinyl, a substituted or unsubstituted naphthyridinyl, or a substituted or unsubstituted quinoxalinyl.
In formula 2, Xa to Xh, each independently, may represent preferably, hydrogen, a cyano, a substituted or unsubstituted (C6-C15)aryl, a substituted or unsubstituted 6- to 20-membered heteroaryl, or a substituted or unsubstituted tri(C6-C15)arylsilyl; or may be linked to an adjacent substituent(s) to form a substituted or unsubstituted 6- to 20-membered, mono- or polycyclic aromatic ring, whose carbon atom(s) may be replaced with at least one hetero atom selected from the group consisting of nitrogen, oxygen, and sulfur; and more preferably, hydrogen, a cyano, a (C6-C15)aryl unsubstituted or substituted with a cyano or a tri(C6-C12)arylsilyl, or a 10- to 20-membered heteroaryl unsubstituted or substituted with a (C6-C12)aryl; or may be linked to an adjacent substituent(s) to form a substituted or unsubstituted benzene, a substituted or unsubstituted indole, a substituted or unsubstituted benzindole, a substituted or unsubstituted indene, a substituted or unsubstituted benzofuran, or a substituted or unsubstituted benzothiophene. Specifically, at least one of Xa to Xh, for example, Xb, Xc, Xf, or Xg, may represent a substituted or unsubstituted dibenzothiophene, a substituted or unsubstituted dibenzofuran, a substituted or unsubstituted carbazole, or a substituted or unsubstituted benzocarbazole; or may be linked to an adjacent substituent(s) to form a substituted or unsubstituted benzene, a substituted or unsubstituted indole, a substituted or unsubstituted benzindole, a substituted or unsubstituted indene, a substituted or unsubstituted benzofuran, or a substituted or unsubstituted benzothiophene.
More specifically, the compound of formula 1 includes the following, but is not limited thereto:
More specifically, the compound of formula 2 includes the following, but is not limited thereto:
The compound of formula 1 and the compound of formula 2 of the present disclosure can be prepared by a synthetic method known to one skilled in the art, e.g., bromination, Suzuki reaction, Buchwald-Hartwig reaction, Ullmann reaction, etc.
The light-emitting layer indicates a layer from which light is emitted. It is preferable that a doping amount of the dopant compound is less than 20 wt % based on the total amount of the host compound and the dopant compound. In the organic electroluminescent device of the present disclosure, the weight ratio in the light-emitting layer between the first host material and the second host material is in the range of 1:99 to 99:1, and preferably 30:70 to 70:30 in view of driving voltage, luminous efficiency, and lifespan.
The organic electroluminescent device of the present disclosure may further comprise at least one compound selected from the group consisting of arylamine-based compounds and styrylarylamine-based compounds, in addition to the first host compound and the second host compound.
In the organic electroluminescent device of the present disclosure, the organic layer may further comprise one or more layers selected from the group consisting of a hole injection layer, a hole transport layer, an electron transport layer, an electron injection layer, an electron buffering layer, an interlayer, a hole blocking layer, and an electron blocking layer, in addition to the light-emitting layer.
The dopant for the organic electroluminescent device of the present disclosure is preferably a phosphorescent dopant compound. The phosphorescent dopant compound for the organic electroluminescent device of the present disclosure is not limited, but may be preferably selected from metallated complex compounds of iridium (Ir), osmium (Os), copper (Cu) or platinum (Pt), more preferably selected from ortho-metallated complex compounds of iridium (Ir), osmium (Os), copper (Cu) or platinum (Pt), and even more preferably ortho-metallated iridium complex compounds.
The dopant to be comprised in the organic electroluminescent device of the present disclosure may be selected from the group consisting of compounds represented by the following formulae 6 to 8.
wherein L is selected from the following structures:
R100 represents hydrogen, a substituted or unsubstituted (C1-C30)alkyl, or a substituted or unsubstituted (C3-C30)cycloalkyl; R101 to R100 and R111 to R123, each independently, represent hydrogen, deuterium, a halogen, a (C1-C30)alkyl unsubstituted or substituted with a halogen, a substituted or unsubstituted (C3-C30)cycloalkyl, a cyano, or a substituted or unsubstituted (C1-C30)alkoxy; R120 to R123 may be linked to an adjacent substituent(s) to form a substituted or unsubstituted 5- to 30-membered, monocyclic or polycyclic, aromatic ring, for example a substituted or unsubstituted benzene ring, whose carbon atom(s) may be replaced with at least one hetero atom selected from the group consisting of nitrogen, oxygen, and sulfur; R124 to R127, each independently, represent hydrogen, deuterium, a halogen, a substituted or unsubstituted (C1-C30)alkyl, or a substituted or unsubstituted (C6-C30)aryl, or may be linked to an adjacent substituent(s) to form a substituted or unsubstituted 3- to 30-membered, monocyclic or polycyclic aromatic ring, for example, a substituted or unsubstituted indene, a substituted or unsubstituted benzothiophene, or a substituted or unsubstituted benzofuran, whose carbon atom(s) may be replaced with at least one hetero atom selected from the group consisting of nitrogen, oxygen, and sulfur; R201 to R211, each independently, represent hydrogen, deuterium, a halogen, a (C1-C30)alkyl unsubstituted or substituted with a halogen, a substituted or unsubstituted (C3-C30)cycloalkyl, or a substituted or unsubstituted (C6-C30)aryl; R208 to R211 may be linked to an adjacent substituent(s) to form a substituted or unsubstituted 3- to 30-membered, monocyclic or polycyclic aromatic ring, for example, a substituted or unsubstituted benzothiophene, or a substituted or unsubstituted benzofuran, whose carbon atom(s) may be replaced with at least one hetero atom selected from the group consisting of nitrogen, oxygen, and sulfur; f and g, each independently, represent an integer of 1 to 3; when f or g is an integer of 2 or more, each of R100 may be the same or different; and n represents an integer of 1 to 3.
Specifically, the dopant compound includes the following:
In the organic electroluminescent device of the present disclosure, the organic layer may further comprise, in addition to the compound of formula 1 and the compound of formula 2, at least one metal selected from the group consisting of metals of Group 1, metals of Group 2, transition metals of the 4th period, transition metals of the 5th period, lanthanides and organic metals of the d-transition elements of the Periodic Table, or at least one complex compound comprising the metal.
In addition, the organic electroluminescent device of the present disclosure may emit white light by further comprising at least one light-emitting layer, which comprises a blue electroluminescent compound, a red electroluminescent compound or a green electroluminescent compound known in the field, besides the light-emitting layer comprising the two or more host compounds of the present disclosure. If necessary, it may further comprise an orange light-emitting layer or a yellow light-emitting layer.
In the organic electroluminescent device of the present disclosure, preferably, at least one layer (hereinafter, “a surface layer”) may be placed on an inner surface(s) of one or both electrode(s), selected from a chalcogenide layer, a metal halide layer and a metal oxide layer. Specifically, a chalcogenide (includes oxides) layer of silicon or aluminum is preferably placed on an anode surface of an electroluminescent medium layer, and a metal halide layer or a metal oxide layer is preferably placed on a cathode surface of an electroluminescent medium layer. Such a surface layer provides operation stability for the organic electroluminescent device. Preferably, the chalcogenide includes SiOX(1≤X≤2), AlOX(1≤X≤1.5), SiON, SiAlON, etc.; the metal halide includes LiF, MgF2, CaF2, a rare earth metal fluoride, etc.; and the metal oxide includes Cs2O, Li2O, MgO, SrO, BaO, CaO, etc.
In the organic electroluminescent device of the present disclosure, a mixed region of an electron transport compound and a reductive dopant, or a mixed region of a hole transport compound and an oxidative dopant may be placed on at least one surface of a pair of electrodes. In this case, the electron transport compound is reduced to an anion, and thus it becomes easier to inject and transport electrons from the mixed region to an electroluminescent medium. Furthermore, the hole transport compound is oxidized to a cation, and thus it becomes easier to inject and transport holes from the mixed region to the electroluminescent medium. Preferably, the oxidative dopant includes various Lewis acids and acceptor compounds, and the reductive dopant includes alkali metals, alkali metal compounds, alkaline earth metals, rare-earth metals, and mixtures thereof. A reductive dopant layer may be employed as a charge generating layer to prepare an electroluminescent device having two or more light-emitting layers and emitting white light.
According to an additional aspect of the present disclosure, a material for preparing an organic electroluminescent device is provided. The material comprises two or more host compounds; a first compound of the host compounds is represented by formula 1 above; and a second host compound of the host compounds is represented by formula 2 above. The material may be one for preparing a light-emitting layer of the organic electroluminescent device. The material may be a composition or mixture. The weight ratio between the first host material and the second host material is in the range of 1:99 to 99:1, and preferably 30:70 to 70:30 in view of driving voltage, luminous efficiency, and lifespan.
In order to form each layer of the organic electroluminescent device of the present disclosure, dry film-forming methods such as vacuum evaporation, sputtering, plasma and ion plating methods, or wet film-forming methods such as ink jet printing, nozzle printing, slot coating, spin coating, dip coating, and flow coating methods can be used.
When using a wet film-forming method, a thin film can be formed by dissolving or diffusing materials forming each layer into any suitable solvent such as ethanol, chloroform, tetrahydrofuran, dioxane, etc. The solvent can be any solvent where the materials forming each layer can be dissolved or diffused, and where there are no problems in film-formation capability.
In the organic electroluminescent device of the present disclosure, two or more host compounds for a light-emitting layer may be co-evaporated or mixture-evaporated. Herein, a co-evaporation indicates a process for two or more materials to be deposited as a mixture, by introducing each of the two or more materials into respective crucible cells, and applying electric current to the cells for each of the materials to be evaporated. Herein, a mixture-evaporation indicates a process for two or more materials to be deposited as a mixture, by mixing the two or more materials in one crucible cell before the deposition, and applying electric current to the cell for the mixture to be evaporated.
By using the organic electroluminescent device of the present disclosure, a display system or a lighting system can be produced.
Hereinafter, the preparation method of the host compounds of the present disclosure, and the luminescent properties of the device comprising the host compounds will be explained in detail with reference to the following examples.
OLED was produced using the luminous material of the present disclosure. A transparent electrode indium tin oxide (ITO) thin film (10 Ω/sq) on a glass substrate for an organic light-emitting diode (OLED) (Geomatec) was subjected to an ultrasonic washing with trichloroethylene, acetone, ethanol, and distilled water, sequentially, and then was stored in isopropanol. The ITO substrate was then mounted on a substrate holder of a vacuum vapor depositing apparatus. N4,N4′-diphenyl-N4,N4′-bis(9-phenyl-9H-carbazol-3-yl)-[1,1′-biphenyl]-4,4′-diamine (HI-1) was introduced into a cell of the vacuum vapor depositing apparatus, and then the pressure in the chamber of said apparatus was controlled to 10−6 torr. Thereafter, an electric current was applied to the cell to evaporate the above introduced material, thereby forming a first hole injection layer having a thickness of 80 nm on the ITO substrate. 1,4,5,8,9,12-hexazatriphenylen-hexacarbonitrile (HI-2) was introduced into another cell of the vacuum vapor depositing apparatus, and was evaporated by applying an electric current to the cell, thereby forming a second hole injection layer having a thickness of 3 nm on the first hole injection layer. N-([1,1′-biphenyl]-4-yl)-9,9-dimethyl-N-(4-(9-phenyl-9H-carbazol-3-yl)phenyl)-9H-fluoren-2-amine (HT-1) was introduced into a cell of the vacuum vapor depositing apparatus, and was evaporated by applying an electric current to the cell, thereby forming a hole transport layer having a thickness of 40 nm on the second hole injection layer. As a host material, a first host compound (C-1) and a second host compound (H2-25, H2-31, or H2-48) shown in Table 1 below, were introduced into two cells of the vacuum vapor depositing apparatus, respectively. A dopant compound (D-25 or D-1) shown in Table 1 below was introduced into another cell. The two host materials were evaporated at 1:1 rate, while the dopant was evaporated at a different rate from the host materials, so that the dopant was deposited in a doping amount of 15 wt % based on the total amount of the host and dopant to form a light-emitting layer having a thickness of 40 nm on the hole transport layer. 2,4-bis(9,9-dimethyl-9H-fluoren-2-yl)-6-(naphthalen-2-yl)-1,3,5-triazine (ET-1) and lithium quinolate (EI-1) were introduced into two cells of the vacuum vapor depositing apparatus, respectively, and evaporated at 4:6 rate to form an electron transport layer having a thickness of 35 nm on the light-emitting layer. After depositing lithium quinolate (EI-1) as an electron injection layer having a thickness of 2 nm, an Al cathode having a thickness of 80 nm was then deposited by another vacuum vapor deposition apparatus on the electron injection layer to produce OLED.
OLED was produced in the same manner as in Device Examples 1-1 to 1-4, except that a first host compound (C-30, C-109, or C-76) and a second host compound (H2-31 or H2-32) for the light-emitting layer were used as shown in Table 1 below.
OLED was produced in the same manner as in Device Examples 1-1 to 1-4, except that a first host compound shown in Table 1 below was used as a host of the light-emitting layer.
OLED was produced in the same manner as in Device Examples 1-1 to 1-4, except that a second host compound shown in Table 1 below was used as a host of the light-emitting layer.
Table 1 below shows a luminous efficiency, CIE color coordinate, a driving voltage at 1,000 nit, and time taken to be reduced from 100% to 80% of the luminance at 15,000 nit and a constant current, of OLEDs produced in Device Examples 1-1 to 1-4, Device Examples 2-1 to 2-5, Comparative Examples 1-1 to 1-4, and Comparative Examples 2-1 to 2-5.
The organic electroluminescent device of the present disclosure shows lower driving voltage, higher current efficiency, higher color purity, and longer lifespan than conventional devices, by comprising a light-emitting layer which comprises a host and a dopant, wherein the host consists of two or more host compounds, at least a first host compound of the host compounds has a specific indolocarbazole derivative comprising an aryl, or an oxygen- or sulfur-containing heteroaryl, and a second host compound has a specific carbazole derivative comprising a nitrogen-containing heteroaryl.
OLED was produced in the same manner as in Device Examples 1-1 to 1-4, except that a second hole injection layer (HI-2) was deposited in a thickness of 5 nm; a hole transport layer (HT-1) was deposited in a thickness of 10 nm; a second hole transport layer having a thickness of 60 nm was deposited on the hole transport layer above by using HT-2 or HT-3 as shown in Table 2; a light-emitting layer having a thickness of 40 nm was deposited in a doping amount of 3 wt % based on the total amount of the host and dopant by using materials shown in Table 2; and 2,4-bis(9,9-dimethyl-9H-fluoren-2-yl)-6-(naphthalen-2-yl)-1,3,5-triazine (ET-1) and lithium quinolate (EI-1) were introduced into two cells of the vacuum vapor depositing apparatus, respectively, and evaporated at 5:5 rate to form an electron transport layer having a thickness of 30 nm on the light-emitting layer.
OLED was produced in the same manner as in Device Examples 3-1 to 3-4, except that a first host compound shown in Table 2 below was used as a host of the light-emitting layer.
Table 2 below shows a luminous efficiency, CIE color coordinate, a driving voltage at 1,000 nit, and time taken to be reduced from 100% to 90% of the luminance at 5,000 nit and a constant current, of OLEDs produced in Device Examples 3-1 to 3-4 and Comparative Examples 3-1 to 3-2.
| Number | Date | Country | Kind |
|---|---|---|---|
| 10-2014-0051930 | Apr 2014 | KR | national |
| 10-2014-0179520 | Dec 2014 | KR | national |
| 10-2015-0059202 | Apr 2015 | KR | national |
| Number | Date | Country | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Parent | 15305677 | Oct 2016 | US |
| Child | 17679220 | US |
