Multi-cylinder engine

Abstract

In multi-cylinder engine in which an intake valve and a first spark plug arranged side by side along an axis of a camshaft and an exhaust valve and a second spark plug arranged side by side along the axis of the camshaft are disposed in a cylinder head for every combustion chamber, the position of a central portion of an upstream end of an intake port provided in the cylinder head with the intake valve interposed between the intake port and each of the combustion chambers and the position of a central portion of a downstream end of an exhaust port provided in the cylinder head with the exhaust valve interposed between the exhaust port and each of the combustion chambers are set to correspond with each other in the direction along the axis of the camshaft. Thus, the length of the cylinder head is reduced.

Description

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

1. Field of the Invention

The present invention relates to a multi-cylinder engine, and particularly to a multi-cylinder engine in which an intake valve and a first spark plug arranged side by side along an axis of a camshaft and an exhaust valve and a second spark plug arranged side by side along the axis of the camshaft are disposed in a cylinder head for every combustion chamber.

2. Description of the Related Art

Such engine is already well-known, for example, from Japanese Patent Publication No.60-10163.

In the conventional multi-cylinder engine, however, the position of a central portion of an upstream end of an intake port and the position of a central portion of a downstream end of an exhaust port are offset from each other in a direction along the axis of the camshaft, so that the size of the cylinder head in the direction along the axis of the camshaft inevitably increases.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

Accordingly, it is an object of the present invention to provide a multi-cylinder, wherein the size of the cylinder head can be reduced in the direction along the axis of the camshaft.

To achieve the above object, according to a first feature of the present invention, there is provided a multi-cylinder engine in which an intake valve and a first spark plug arranged side by side along an axis of a camshaft and an exhaust valve and a second spark plug arranged side by side along the axis of the camshaft are disposed in a cylinder head for every combustion chamber, wherein the position of a central portion of an upstream end of an intake port provided in the cylinder head with the intake valve interposed between the intake port and each of the combustion chambers and the position of a central portion of a downstream end of an exhaust port provided in the cylinder head with the exhaust valve interposed between the exhaust port and each of the combustion chambers are set to correspond with each other in the direction along the axis of the camshaft.

With such arrangement of the first feature, the central portion of the upstream end of the intake port and the central portion of the downstream end of the exhaust port are disposed in the same position in the direction along the axis of the camshaft and hence, the distance between the cylinders can be determined at a small value, thereby reducing the size of the cylinder head in the direction along the axis of the camshaft.

According to a second feature of the present invention, in addition to the arrangement of the first feature, an EGR passage for guiding a portion of an exhaust gas flowing through the exhaust port is provided in the cylinder head at one end along the axis of the camshaft; the second spark plug is disposed at a location where the exhaust port is interposed between the second spark plug and the EGR passage; and the intake port is provided in the cylinder head at a location where the first spark plug is interposed between the intake port and the EGR passage. With such arrangement, it is possible to inhibit an adverse effect due to heat from the EGR passage to air flowing through the intake port, while simplifying the structure of communication between the exhaust port and the EGR passage.

According to a third feature of the present invention, in addition to the arrangement of the first or second feature, an EGR valve for controlling the flow of an EGR gas is mounted to a sidewall of the cylinder head into which the upstream end of the intake port opens, and the intake port is provided in the cylinder head at a location where the first spark plug is interposed between the intake port and the EGR valve. With such arrangement, it is possible to inhibit an adverse effect due to heat from the EGR passage to air flowing through the intake port.

According to a fourth feature of the present invention, in addition to the arrangement of the first or second feature, the first spark plug arranged side by side with the upstream end of the exhaust port in the direction perpendicular to the axis of the camshaft is disposed side by side with the intake valve along the axis of the camshaft; the second spark plug arranged side by side with the downstream end of the intake port in the direction perpendicular to the axis of the camshaft is disposed side by side with the exhaust valve along the axis of the camshaft; the upstream end of the intake port is disposed offset in one direction from the downstream end of the intake port in the direction along the axis of the camshaft; and the downstream end of the exhaust port is disposed offset in the other direction from the upstream end of the exhaust port in the direction along the axis of the camshaft. With such arrangement, an intake air flow from the intake port produces a swirl flow within the combustion chamber, while the area of opening of the downstream end of the intake port into the combustion chamber and the area of opening of the upstream end of the exhaust port into the combustion chamber are secured at large values to the utmost, thereby enhancing the combustion efficiency.

According to a fifth feature of the present invention, in addition to the arrangement of the first feature, a protrusion is integrally provided on the cylinder head to project outwards from a cylinder block; the first spark plug is mounted in the cylinder head with its axis disposed in a plane perpendicular to the axis of the camshaft; spark plug chambers corresponding to the combustion chambers and each faced by a portion of each of the first spark plugs are defined in the cylinder head in such a manner that a portion of each of the spark plug chambers is disposed in the protrusion; and a plurality of drainage bores are provided in the protrusion in such a manner that one end thereof opens into a lower portion of each of the spark plug chambers, and the other end thereof opens into an outer surface of a lower portion of the protrusion.

With such arrangement of the fifth feature, since the spark plug chambers each having a portion disposed in the protrusion are provided in the cylinder head and hence, the volume of each spark plug chamber can be set at a relatively large value to provide a reduction in weight of the cylinder head. Moreover, since the drainage bores are provided in the cylinder head, with one end opening into the lower portion of each of the spark plug chambers and with the other end opening into the outer surface of the lower portion of the protrusion, i.e., into an outer surface of a lower portion of the cylinder head outside the cylinder block, water entering the spark plug chambers can be discharged reliably by the short and simplified drainage bores.

According to a sixth feature of the present invention, in addition to the arrangement of the fifth feature, a fastening boss for fastening an intake device to the protrusion is provided on the cylinder head to protrude into a lower portion of one of the spark plug chambers, and one end of the drainage bore corresponding to the one spark plug chamber opens into the lower portion of the one spark plug chamber between the first spark plug and the fastening boss in the direction along the axis of the camshaft. With such arrangement, if the fastening boss for fastening the intake device is offset from the spark plug chamber, then an increase in size of the cylinder head is inevitable, but the increase in size of the cylinder head can be avoided by ensuring that the fastening boss protrudes into the lower portion of the one spark plug chamber. Moreover, water entering the spark plug chambers from around the spark plugs can be guided toward the drainage bores in such a manner that it is not obstructed by the fastening boss.

According to a seventh feature of the present invention, in addition to the arrangement of the fifth feature, a fastening boss for fastening an intake device to the protrusion is provided on the cylinder head to protrude into a lower portion of one of the spark plug chambers; one end of the drainage bore corresponding to the one spark plug chamber opens into the lower portion of the one spark plug chamber at a location where the fastening boss is interposed between the drainage bore and the first sparkplug in the direction along the axis of the camshaft; and a guide wall for guiding water entering around the first spark plug toward the drainage bore is provided between an inner wall of the spark plug chamber and the fastening boss. With such arrangement, if the fastening boss for fastening the intake device is offset from the spark plug chamber, then an increase in size of the cylinder head is inevitable, but the increase in size of the cylinder head can be avoided by ensuring that the fastening boss protrudes into the lower portion of the one spark plug chamber. Moreover, water entering the spark plug chambers from around the spark plugs can be guided by the guide wall toward the drainage bores in such a manner that it is not obstructed by the fastening boss. In addition, the rigidity of the fastening boss can be increased by the guide wall.

According to an eighth feature of the present invention, in addition to the arrangement of the fifth feature, at least a lower portion of an inner surface of one of the spark plug chambers is formed as a flat face parallel to the camshaft on the protruding side of the protrusion, and a threaded bore for threaded engagement with a fastening bolt for fastening an intake device is provided to extend between protruding end face of the protrusion and the flat face. With such arrangement, if the fastening boss for fastening the intake device is offset from the spark plug chamber, then an increase in size of the cylinder head is inevitable, but the increase in size of the cylinder head can be avoided by disposing the fastening boss in correspondence to the one spark plug chamber, and water entering the spark plug chambers from around the first spark plugs can be guided toward the drainage bores by the flat face in such a manner that it is not obstructed by the fastening boss.

According to a ninth feature of the present invention, in addition to the arrangement of the first feature, bosses for mounting fuel injection valves are provided on the cylinder head; a second EGR passage for guiding an EGR gas is provided in the cylinder head to extend in parallel to the axis of the camshaft in proximity to the fuel injection valves in such a manner that a portion of each of the bosses protrudes into the second EGR passage. With such arrangement, a portion of each of the bosses for mounting the fuel injection valves protrudes into the second EGR passage and hence, the second EGR passage can be provided in the cylinder head in proximity to the fuel injection valves, while ensuring a wall thickness of the bosses on the side of the second EGR passage. In addition, the rigidity of the bosses can be ensured, and the second EGR passage can be provided in proximity to the fuel injection valves so as to prevent an adverse effect due to a high-temperature EGR gas flowing through the second EGR passage from being exerted to the fuel injection valves, thereby providing the compactness of the cylinder head.

According to a tenth feature of the present invention, in addition to the arrangement of the ninth feature, the second EGR passage is disposed between the intake ports and the fuel injection valves. With such arrangement, the second EGR passage can be disposed effectively in a space between the intake ports and the fuel injection valves, thereby further contributing to the compactness of the cylinder head.

According to an eleventh feature of the present invention, in addition to the arrangement of the ninth or tenth feature, at least one of a plurality of spark plug chambers formed in the cylinder head in correspondence to the combustion chambers with a portion of each of the spark plugs being exposed thereto is disposed between the second EGR passage and the combustion chambers. With such arrangement, a reduction in weight of the cylinder head can be achieved by defining the spark plug chambers which are cavities, and the spark plugs can be disposed utilizing such cavities.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

FIGS. 1 to 13 show an embodiment of the present invention, wherein

FIG. 1 is a vertical sectional view of an upper portion of an engine, taken along a line 1 — 1 in FIG. 3 ;

FIG. 2 is a vertical sectional view of the upper portion of the engine, taken along a line 2 — 2 in FIG. 3 ;

FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of a cylinder head, taken along a line 3 — 3 in FIG. 2 ;

FIG. 4 is a plan view taken along a line 4 — 4 in FIG. 1 for showing the arrangement in a valve-operating chamber;

FIG. 5 is a side view of the cylinder head, taken in a direction of an arrow 5 in FIG. 4 ;

FIG. 6 is a bottom view of the cylinder head, taken in a direction of an arrow 6 in FIG. 5 ;

FIG. 7 is a sectional view of the cylinder head, taken along a line 7 — 7 in FIG. 3 ;

FIG. 8 is a plan view taken in a direction of an arrow 8 in FIG. 1 ;

FIG. 9 is a plan view of the entire arrangement of a head cover;

FIG. 10 is a view for explaining the flow of an EGR gas between an intake-side fastening face of the cylinder head, a gasket and a plate;

FIG. 11 is a sectional view taken along a line 11 — 11 in FIG. 5 ;

FIG. 12 is a view of a cooling water system showing the flow of cooling water when the engine is cold; and

FIG. 13 is a view of the cooling water system showing the flow of cooling water when the engine is hot.

DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENT

The present invention will now be described by way of an embodiment with reference to FIGS. 1 to 13 . Referring first to FIGS. 1 to 6 , the engine is a multi-cylinder, e.g., 4-cylinder SOHC-type engine. The engine is mounted in a vehicle and includes a cylinder block 21 , a cylinder head 22 fastened to an upper surface of the cylinder block 21 through a gasket 24 , and a head cover 23 fastened to an upper surface of the cylinder head 22 through a gasket 25 and defining a valve-operating chamber 26 between the head cover 23 and the cylinder head 22 .

Four cylinder bores 27 are provided in the cylinder block 21 and arrange in series in a lateral direction perpendicular to a direction 31 of forward movement of the vehicle, and recesses 30 are provided in a lower surface of the cylinder head 22 and arranged in series to define first, second, third and fourth combustion chambers 29 A, 29 B, 29 C and 29 D between the recesses 30 and the cylinder block 21 , respectively, so that tops of pistons 28 slidably received in the cylinder bores 27 face the combustion chambers 29 A, 29 B, 29 C and 29 D, respectively.

Referring also to FIG. 7 , five shaft bearing portions 32 are integrally provided at an upper portion of the cylinder head 22 at a substantially central location in a direction perpendicular to a direction of arrangement of the first to fourth combustion chambers 29 A to 29 D in such a manner that the first to fourth combustion chambers 29 A to 29 D are interposed therebetween, and circular bearing bores 33 are provided coaxially in the shaft bearing portions 32 . On the other hand, a camshaft 34 having an axis extending in parallel to the direction of arrangement of the first to fourth combustion chambers 29 A to 29 D is disposed in the valve-operating chamber 26 above the combustion chambers 29 A to 29 D and rotatably carried on the shaft bearing portions 32 . Specifically, four circular support portions 34 a are integrally provided on the camshaft 34 at locations axially spaced apart from one another and in correspondence to the shaft bearing portions 32 to protrude radially outwards, and are inserted through and supported in the bearing bores 33 , whereby the camshaft 34 is rotatably carried on the cylinder head 22 .

Protrusions 22 a and 22 b are integrally provided on opposite sides of the cylinder head 22 commonly to the combustion chambers 29 A to 29 D to project outwards from the cylinder block 21 . One 22 a of the protrusions 22 a and 22 b , which faces forwards in the direction 31 of forward movement of the vehicle, is formed at its outer end with an intake-side fastening face 35 which is a flat face parallel to the camshaft 34 , and the other protrusion 22 b facing backwards in the direction 31 of forward movement of the vehicle is formed at its outer end with an exhaust-side fastening face 36 as a flat face parallel to the camshaft 34 .

Intake ports 40 and exhaust ports 41 are provided in the cylinder head 22 one by one for each of combustion chambers 29 A to 29 D. Outer ends of the intake ports 40 open into the intake-side fastening face 35 , and outer ends of the exhaust ports 41 open into the exhaust-side fastening face 36 .

An intake device 42 is fastened to the intake-side fastening face 35 and includes an intake manifold 43 having a flange 43 a common to the intake ports 40 , and a plate 44 put into abutment against the flange 43 a and having passages 46 individually corresponding to the intake ports 40 . The intake device 42 is fastened to the intake-side fastening face 35 in such a manner that a gasket 45 is interposed between the plate 44 and the intake-side fastening face 35 . In addition, an exhaust device (not shown) is fastened to the exhaust-side fastening face 36 .

Intake valves 47 are openably and closably disposed in the cylinder head 22 and interposed between inner ends of the intake ports 40 and the combustion chambers 29 A to 29 D, and exhaust valves 48 are also openably and closably disposed in the cylinder head 22 and interposed between inner ends of the exhaust ports 41 and the combustion chambers 29 A to 29 D.

Each of the intake valves 47 has a valve stem 47 a , which is slidably received in a guide tube 49 provided in the cylinder head 22 to protrude into the valve-operating chamber 26 , and the intake valve 47 is biased to a closing direction by a valve spring 51 mounted under compression between a retainer 50 mounted at an upper end of the valve stem 47 a and the cylinder head 22 . Each of the exhaust valves 48 has a valve stem 48 a , which is slidably received in a guide tube 52 provided in the cylinder head 22 to protrude into the valve-operating chamber 26 , and the exhaust valve 48 is biased to a closing direction by a valve spring 54 mounted under compression between a retainer 53 mounted at an upper end of the valve stem 48 a and the cylinder head 22 .

A single rocker shaft 55 having an axis parallel to the camshaft 34 is disposed in the valve-operating chamber 26 and fixed to the cylinder head 22 above the camshaft 34 . Specifically, the rocker shaft 55 is fastened to upper surfaces of the shaft bearing portions 32 provided on the cylinder head 22 by bolts 56 to carry the camshaft 34 for rotation.

The intake valves 47 and the exhaust valves 48 for the combustion chambers 29 A to 29 D are disposed at locations displaced from one another along the axes of the camshaft 34 and the rocker shaft 55 . Intake-side cams 57 corresponding to the intake valves 47 and exhaust-side cams 58 corresponding to the exhaust valves 48 are integrally provided on the camshaft 34 for the combustion chambers 29 A to 29 D. A radius of a circular locus described by each of tops of the intake-side cams 57 and the exhaust-side cams 58 is set smaller than a radius of the support portion 34 a included in the camshaft 34 , whereby the camshaft 34 can be inserted through and supported in the shaft-bearing portions 32 of the cylinder head 22 .

Swingably carried on the rocker shaft 55 are intake-side rocker arms 59 moved following the intake-side cams 57 on the camshaft 34 to drive the intake valves 47 , and exhaust-side rocker arms 60 moved following the exhaust-side cams 58 on the camshaft 34 to drive the exhaust valves 48 .

Each of the intake-side rocker arms 59 includes a cylindrical boss portion 59 a swingably carried on the rocker shaft 55 , and an arm portion 59 b extending in a direction perpendicular to the axis of the rocker shaft 55 and integrally connected to the boss portion. A roller 61 supported by a pin at one end of the arm portion 59 b is in rolling contact with the intake-side cam 57 , and a tappet screw 62 , which is threadedly engaged with the other end of the arm portion 59 b so that its advanced/retracted position can be adjusted, is in abutment against an upper end of the valve stem 47 a of the intake valve 47 .

The exhaust-side rocker arm 60 includes a cylindrical boss portion 60 a swingably carried on the rocker shaft 55 , and an arm portion 60 b extending in a direction perpendicular to the axis of the rocker shaft 55 and integrally connected to the boss portion 60 a . A roller 63 supported by a pin at one end of the arm portion 60 b is in rolling contact with the exhaust-side cam 58 , and a tappet screw 64 , which is threadedly engaged with the other end of the arm portion 60 b so that its advanced/retracted position can be adjusted, is in abutment against an upper end of the valve stem 48 a of the exhaust valve 48 .

The intake-side rocker arm 59 and the exhaust-side rocker arm 60 are swingably mounted on the rocker shaft 55 in such a manner that a spring 65 surrounding the rocker shaft 55 is interposed between the boss portions 59 a and 60 a of the rocker arms 59 and 60 , and the axial movement of the boss portions 59 a and 60 a are restricted by the shaft bearing portions 32 of the cylinder head 22 , and the positioning of the intake-side rocker arm 59 and the exhaust-side rocker arm 60 in a direction along the axis of the rocker shaft 55 can be performed by the single spring 65 , leading to a reduction in number of parts, as compared with a case where springs are interposed between the rocker shaft 55 and the shaft bearing portions 32 .

The boss portions 59 a and 60 a are formed to extend from the arm portions 59 b and 60 b toward the shaft bearing portions 32 to come into sliding direct contact with the shaft bearing portions 32 . By utilizing such structure, the number of parts can be reduced, as compared with a structure in which collars are interposed between the boss portions 59 a and 60 a and the shaft bearing portions 32 .

The arm portions 59 b and 60 b interposed between the intake-side cam 57 as well as the exhaust-side cam 58 and the intake valve 47 as well as the exhaust valve 47 are formed to extend in the direction perpendicular to the axis of the rocker shaft 55 . Therefore, as compared with a case where arm portions are curved, the rigidity of the arm portions 59 b and 60 b on which a valve-operating load is applied can be enhanced, and the size of a space required for placement of the intake-side rocker arm 59 and the exhaust-side rocker arm 60 in the direction along the axis of the camshaft 34 can be suppressed to a small value, which can contribute to a reduction in size of the cylinder head 22 in the direction along the axis of the camshaft 34 .

First and second spark plugs 66 and 67 with their axes disposed in a plane perpendicular to the axis of the camshaft 34 are disposed in the cylinder head 22 in correspondence to the first to fourth combustion chambers 29 A to 29 D in such a manner that they are threadedly fitted into threaded bores 66 a and 67 a provided in the cylinder head 22 . The first spark plugs 66 arranged side by side with the exhaust valves 48 in the direction perpendicular to the axis of the camshaft 34 are disposed so that they are arranged side by side with the intake valves 47 along the axis of the camshaft 34 , and the second spark plugs 67 arranged side by side with the intake valves 47 in the direction perpendicular to the axis of the camshaft 34 are disposed so that they are arranged side by side with the exhaust valves 48 along the axis of the camshaft 34 .

In other words, the first spark plugs 66 arranged side by side with upstream ends of the exhaust ports 41 in the direction perpendicular to the axis of the camshaft 34 are disposed so that they are arranged side by side with the intake valves 47 along the axis of the camshaft 34 , and the second spark plugs 67 arranged side by side with downstream ends of the intake ports 40 in the direction perpendicular to the axis of the camshaft 34 are disposed so that they are arranged side by side with the exhaust valves 48 along the axis of the camshaft 34 . The upstream end of each of the intake ports 40 is disposed offset to one side from a downstream end of the intake port 40 in the direction along the axis of the camshaft 34 , and a downstream end of each of the exhaust ports 41 is disposed offset to the other side from the upstream end of the exhaust port 41 in the direction along the axis of the camshaft 34 .

By determining the disposition of the intake and exhaust ports 40 and 41 and the first and second spark plugs 66 and 67 , as described above, a flow of intake air from each of the intake ports 40 produces a swirl flow in each of the combustion chambers 29 A to 29 D to enhance the combustion efficiency, while ensuring areas of the downstream ends of the intake ports 40 opening into the combustion chambers 29 A to 29 D and areas of the upstream ends of the exhaust ports 41 opening into the combustion chambers 29 A to 29 D at large values to the utmost.

Moreover, the intake ports 40 and the exhaust ports 41 are provided in a curved fashion in the cylinder head 22 , so that a position PI of a central portion of the upstream end, i.e., a central portion of the outer end of each of the intake ports 40 and a position P of a central portion of the downstream end, i.e., a central portion of the outer end of each of the exhaust ports 41 correspond with each other in the direction along the axis of the camshaft 34 .

First insertion and removal guide portions 68 for guiding the insertion and removal of the first spark plugs 66 are integrally provided on the cylinder head 22 in correspondence to combustion chambers 29 A to 29 D, and second insertion and removal guide portions 69 for guiding the insertion and removal of the second spark plugs 67 are integrally provided on the cylinder head 22 in correspondence to combustion chambers 29 A to 29 D.

The first insertion and removal guide portion 68 is formed to have an arcuate cross section which opens on a side opposite to the camshaft 34 (a front side in the forward travel direction 31 of the vehicle), in at least its upper portion (in the present embodiment, its upper and lower portions other than its intermediate portion in the longitudinal direction). With this configuration of the first insertion and removal guide portion 68 , the cast forming of the cylinder head 22 is facilitated. Also, the second insertion and removal guide portion 69 is integrally provided on the cylinder head 22 , with at least its upper end portion (in the present embodiment, its overall longitudinal portion) being formed into a cylindrical shape.

Referring particularly carefully to FIG. 1 , the first insertion/removal guide section 68 and the intake valve 47 are disposed in such a manner that they are superposed at least partially on each other in a view of projection onto a plane perpendicular to the axis of the camshaft 34 , and the second insertion/removal guide section 69 and the exhaust valve 48 are disposed in such a manner that they are superposed at least partially on each other in a view of projection onto such plane. Moreover, a shortest distance in the projection view between at least one of the first and second insertion/removal guide sections 68 and 69 (both in the present embodiment) and the camshaft 34 is set smaller than a shortest distance in the projection view between at least one of the valve stems 47 a and 48 a of the intake valve 47 and the exhaust valve 48 (both in the present embodiment) and the camshaft 34 . More specifically, in the present embodiment, if the shortest distance in the projection view between the valve stem 47 a of the intake valve 47 and the camshaft 34 is represented by L 1 , and the shortest distance in the projection view between the first insertion/removal guide section 68 and the camshaft 34 is represented by L 2 , the shortest distances L 1 and L 2 are determined so that a relation, L 2 <L 1 is established, and the relative positional relationship between the valve stem 48 a of the exhaust valve 48 as well as the second insertion/removal guide section 69 and the camshaft 34 is determined in a similar manner.

At least one (both in the present embodiment) of the upper ends of the first second insertion/removal guide sections 68 and 69 is formed in a curved configuration to protrude into the valve-operating chamber 26 between the cylinder head 22 and the head cover 23 .

Referring particularly carefully to FIG. 4 , the cylinder head 22 is fastened to the cylinder block 21 by head bolts 70 disposed plurality by plurality, e.g., five by five on opposite sides at distances in the axial direction of the camshaft 34 . The first and second insertion/removal guide sections 68 and 69 are disposed at least in part between the head bolts 70 and at least one (both in the present embodiment) of the intake valves 47 and the exhaust valves 48 and disposed effectively at least in part by curving in spaces between the intake and exhaust valves 47 and 48 and the head bolts 70 disposed sideways of the valves 47 and 48 . This can contributes to the compactness of the cylinder head 22 in a widthwise direction perpendicular to the axis of the camshaft 34 .

At least one of the first and second insertion/removal guide sections 68 and 69 is disposed at least in part between at least one of the intake valves 47 and the exhaust valves 48 and the head bolts 70 adjoining at least one of the intake valves 47 and the exhaust valves 48 . In the present embodiment, a portion of the first insertion/removal guide section 68 is disposed between the intake valve 47 and the head bolt 70 adjoining the intake valve 47 , and a portion of the second insertion/removal guide section 69 is disposed between the exhaust valve 48 and the head bolt 70 adjoining the exhaust valve 48 . Thus, at least portions of the first and second insertion/removal guide sections 68 and 69 are disposed effectively in the spaces between the intake valves 47 as well as the exhaust valves 48 and the head bolts 70 disposed sideways of the valves 47 and 48 . This can contribute to the compactness of the cylinder head 22 in the axial direction of the camshaft 34 .

At least one of the first and second insertion/removal guide sections 68 and 69 are disposed at least in part between the shaft bearing portions 32 of the cylinder head 22 and at least one of the intake valves 47 and the exhaust valves 48 . In the present embodiment, at least portions of the first insertion/removal guide sections 68 are disposed between the shaft bearing portions 32 and the intake valves 47 , and at least portions of the second insertion/removal guide sections 69 are disposed between the shaft bearing portions 32 and the exhaust valves 48 . With such arrangements, portions of the first insertion/removal guide sections 68 are disposed effectively in the spaces between the intake valves 47 and the shaft bearing portions 32 disposed sideways of the intake valves 47 , and portions of the second insertion/removal guide sections 69 are disposed effectively in the spaces between the exhaust valves 48 and the shaft bearing portions 32 disposed sideways of the exhaust valves 48 . This can contribute to the further compactness of the cylinder head 22 in the axial direction of the camshaft 34 .

Further, upper portions of the first and second insertion/removal guide sections 68 and 69 are formed, curved to protrude toward the valve-operating chamber 26 , and such protrusions are disposed at locations corresponding to contact portions of the intake-side cams 57 and the exhaust cams 58 partially immersed in an oil bath 71 (see FIGS. 1 and 2 ) defined on the cylinder head 22 and the rollers 61 and 63 provided on the intake-side rocker arms 59 and the exhaust-side rocker arms 60 .

Therefore, the oil in the oil bath 71 is allowed by the exhaust-side cams 58 to collide with the protruding portions of the second insertion/removal guide sections 69 toward the valve-operating chamber 26 in response to the rotation of the camshaft 34 in a rotational direction 72 shown by an arrow in FIGS. 1 and 2 , whereby the oil is scattered effectively into the valve-operating chamber 26 . Moreover, the protrusions of the first and second insertion/removal guide sections 68 and 69 toward the valve-operating chamber 26 are disposed at locations corresponding to contact portions of the intake-side cams 57 as well as the exhaust-side cams 58 and the rollers 61 of the intake-side rocker arms 59 as well as the rollers 63 of the exhaust-side rocker arms 60 and hence, the oil scattered into the valve-operating chamber 26 is allowed to collide with the protrusions, whereby the oil is supplied efficiently to the contact portions to enable the effective lubrication of the contact portions.

The first and second spark plugs 66 and 67 is mounted at lower ends of first and second bar-shaped plug holders 73 and 74 removably inserted into the first and second insertion/removal guide sections 68 and 69 , respectively.

The first insertion/removal guide section 68 has a cylindrical portion 68 a at its vertically intermediate portion, and the first plug holder 73 is inserted into the first insertion/removal guide section 68 and has, at its intermediate portion, a sealing portion 73 a which is resiliently brought into contact with the entire inner periphery of the cylindrical portion 68 a . An upper portion of the first plug holder 73 protrudes from the cylinder head 22 . The second plug holder 74 is inserted into the second insertion/removal guide section 69 which is cylindrical. On the other hand, the head cover 23 is provided with cylindrical portions 75 coaxially connected at their lower ends to upper ends of the second insertion/removal guide sections 69 provided in the cylindrical shape on the cylinder head 22 , and the second plug holders 74 are inserted into the cylindrical portions 75 above the second insertion/removal guide sections 69 .

Referring also to FIGS. 8 and 9 , ignition coils 76 are connected individually to upper ends of the first plug holders 73 inserted into the first insertion/removal guide sections 68 and protruding upwards from the cylinder head 22 , and are fastened to the head cover 23 by coil bolts 77 each provided in correspondence to each of the combustion chambers 29 A to 29 D.

Upper portions of the first plug holders 73 protrude upwards from the cylinder head 22 . In order to inhibit a turning force in a tightening direction of the coil bolts 77 from acting on portions of the first plug holders 73 protruding upwards from the cylinder head 22 to cause an excessive load to be applied to such protrusions, when the ignition coils 76 are fastened to the head cover 23 by the coil bolts 77 , detent portions 78 contacting with outer peripheries of the upper ends of the first plug holders 73 are integrally provided on the head cover 23 , for example, in a cylindrical shape through which the upper ends of the first plug holders 73 are inserted. Therefore, the operability for mounting the ignition coils 76 can be enhanced, and an increase in number of parts for preventing the turning movement can be avoided.

Each of the upper portions of the first insertion/removal guide sections 68 inserted into the first plug holders 73 has an arcuate cross-sectional shape opened forwards in the direction of forward movement of the vehicle in such a manner that the upper portions of the first plug holders 73 are exposed to the outside. Thus, travel wind produced with the forward movement of the vehicle collides directly with the upper portions of the first plug holders 73 , thereby effectively cooling the first plug holders 73 .

On the other hand, the ignition coils 79 connected individually to the upper ends of the second plug holders 74 are fastened to the head cover 23 by the coil bolts 80 each provided in correspondence to each of the combustion chambers 29 A to 29 D. In addition, the upper portions of the second plug holders 74 are inserted into the cylindrical portions 75 of the head cover 23 and hence, a force applied to the upper portions of the second plug holders 75 upon tightening of the coil bolts 80 is received by the cylindrical portions 75 . In addition, the second plug holders 74 are covered from the outside with the second insertion/removal guide sections 69 and the cylindrical portions 75 connected to each other in a cylindrical shape, and the cylindrical portions 75 are interposed between an exhaust device (not shown) and the ignition coils 79 . Therefore, an adverse effect due to a dissipation of heat from the exhaust device is prevented to the utmost from being exerted to the second plug holders 74 and the ignition coils 79 .

The head cover 23 is fastened to the cylinder head 22 at a plurality of points, e.g., at seven points spaced apart from one another in a circumferential direction thereof, and the bolts 82 inserted through the insertion bores 81 provided in the head cover 23 are threadedly engaged into the threaded bores 83 provided in the upper surface of the cylinder head 22 .

Among the insertion bores 81 , the bolts 82 and the threaded bores 83 provided at the plurality of points, for example, the insertion bores 81 , the bolts 82 and the threaded bores 83 provided at the three points are disposed between the detent portions 78 . As a result, it can be ensured that a portion provided on the cylinder head 22 for fastening the head cover 23 to the cylinder head 22 does not protrude sideways from a side of the cylinder head 22 to the utmost. This can contribute to the compactness of the cylinder head 22 and can prevent an excessive load from acting on the second plug holders 73 , while providing a reduction in weight of the cylinder head 22 .

Moreover, the three insertion bores 81 disposed between the detent portions 78 are provided in potions to be fastened 84 , which are connected directly to the three detent portions 78 and hence, the rigidities of the portions to be fastened 84 and the detent portions 78 can be increased.

Among the insertion bores 81 , the bolts 82 and the threaded bores 83 , for example, the insertion bores 81 , the bolts 82 and the threaded bores 83 provided at the two points are disposed between the second insertion/removal guide sections 69 which are cylindrical. This also ensures that the portion provided on the cylinder head 22 for fastening the head cover 23 to the cylinder head 22 does not protrude sideways from the side of the cylinder head 22 to the utmost, which can contribute further to the compactness of the cylinder head 22 .

The head cover 23 has a bulge 23 a protruding from the cylinder head 22 at one end thereof in the axial direction of the camshaft 34 . The bulge 23 a is fastened to a chain cover (not shown) which is a cover for covering a power-transmitting mechanism. Integrally provided on the bulge 23 a are an oil supply tube 86 protruding upwards and detachably closed by an oil filler cap 85 , and fastening boss portions 87 , 87 disposed on opposite sides of the oil supply tube 86 , and bolts 88 , 88 inserted respectively through the fastening boss portions 87 , 87 are threadedly engaged with the chain cover. Therefore, it is possible to enhance the operability of attaching and detaching the oil filler cap 85 and to increase the fastening rigidities of the head cover 23 and the chain cover by the oil supply tube 86 having a high rigidity.

Moreover, the bulge 23 a has ribs 90 , 90 integrally formed on its upper surface for connecting the oil supply tube 86 and the fastening boss portions 87 , 87 to each other, and the rigidities of the oil supply tube 86 and the fastening boss portions 87 , 87 are increased by the ribs 90 , 90 .

A first EGR passage 94 is provided in the cylinder head 22 at one end in the direction along the axis of the camshaft 34 to extend in the direction perpendicular to the axis of the camshaft 34 . One end of the first EGR passage 94 communicates with the exhaust port 41 in the first combustion chamber 29 A through a communication bore 95 provided in the cylinder head 22 , and the other end of the first EGR passage 94 opens into the intake-side fastening face 35 .

The first EGR passage 94 is disposed at a location where the exhaust port 41 in the first combustion chamber 29 A is interposed between the first EGR passage 94 and the second insertion/removal guide section 69 of the first combustion chamber 29 A, i.e., the second spark plug 67 , and the exhaust port 41 is permitted to communicate with the first EGR passage 94 by the communication bore 95 extending rectilinearly, whereby the structure of communication between the exhaust port 41 and the first EGR passage 94 can be simplified. In addition, the first EGR passage 94 is disposed at a location where the first insertion/removal guide section 68 of the first combustion chamber 29 A, i.e., the first spark plug 66 is interposed between the first EGR passage 94 and the intake port 40 . Thus, it is possible to inhibit the exertion of an adverse effect due to the heat from the first EGR passage 94 to the air flowing through the intake port 40 .

Referring to FIG. 10 , a passage member 97 having an inlet-side passage 96 leading to the first EGR passage 94 is fastened to the intake-side fastening face 35 at one end in the axial direction of the camshaft 34 . An EGR valve 99 is mounted to the passage member 97 for controlling the flow of an EGR gas between the inlet-side passage 96 and an outlet-side passage 98 provided in the passage member 97 . Namely, the EGR valve 99 for controlling the flow of the EGR gas is mounted to a sidewall of the cylinder head 22 , into which the upstream end of the intake port 40 opens, and the intake port 40 in the first combustion chamber 29 A is disposed between the first insertion/removal guide section 68 of the first combustion chamber 29 A, i.e., the first spark plug 66 and the EGR valve 99 . This also can inhibit the exertion of the adverse effect due to the heat from the EGR valve to the air flowing through the intake port 40 in the first combustion chamber 29 A.

Further, referring also to FIG. 11 , the cylinder head corresponding to the passage member 97 is provided, at its portion corresponding to the passage member 97 , with a communication bore 100 which opens at its outer end into the intake-side fastening face 35 to lead to the outlet-side passage 98 in the passage member 97 , and a second EGR passage 101 leading to an inner end of the communication bore 100 . The second EGR passage 101 is defined to extend in parallel to the camshaft 34 from a portion of the cylinder head 22 closer to one end thereof in the axial direction of the camshaft 34 to a substantially central portion of the cylinder head 22 in the axial direction of the camshaft 34 , and a major portion of the second EGR passage 101 opens into the intake-side fastening face 35 . However, a major portion of the opening of the second EGR passage 101 into the intake-side fastening face 35 is closed by the gasket 45 interposed between the intake-side fastening face 35 and the plate 44 .

On the other hand, the protrusion 22 a of the cylinder head 22 is provided with bosses 103 for mounting fuel injection valves 102 for injecting fuel into the intake ports 40 , and the second EGR passage 101 is disposed effectively in a space between the intake port 40 and the fuel injection valve 102 at a location corresponding to the first and second combustion chambers 29 A and 29 B in order to further contribute to the compactness of the cylinder head 22 .

Moreover, the second EGR passage 101 extends in parallel to the axis of the camshaft 34 in the vicinity of the fuel injection valves 102 corresponding to the first and second combustion chambers 29 A and 29 B, and a portion of the boss 103 provided on the cylinder head 22 in order to mount the fuel injection valve 102 at a location corresponding to each of the first and second combustion chambers 29 A and 29 B protrudes as an intruding portion 3 a into the second EGR passage 101 .

On the other hand, the cylinder head 22 is provided, for the purpose of reduction in weight, with a recess 108 which opens into the intake-side fastening face 35 on an extension of an inner end of the second EGR passage 101 and closed by the gasket 45 , and a portion of the boss 103 provided on the cylinder head 22 in order to mount the fuel injection valve 102 at a location corresponding to the third combustion chamber 29 C protrudes as an intruding portion 103 b into the recess 108 in order to ensure a wall thickness.

Referring particularly carefully to FIG. 10 , a communication passage 104 is provided in the gasket 45 abutting against the intake-side fastening face 35 and leads to the inner end of the second EGR passage 101 . Provided in a surface, adjacent the gasket 45 , of the plate 44 interposing the gasket 45 between the intake-side fastening face 35 are a common groove 105 extending in both of leftward and rightward directions with its central portion leading to the communication passage 104 , and branch grooves 106 , 106 leading to opposite ends of the common groove 105 . One end of the common groove 105 is set at a location corresponding to between the intake ports 40 , 40 in the first and second combustion chambers 29 A and 29 B, and the other end of the common groove 105 is set at a location corresponding to between the intake ports 40 , 40 in the third and fourth combustion chambers 29 C and 29 D. One of the branch grooves 106 is defined to extend from the one end of the common groove 105 toward the intake ports 40 , 40 in the first and second combustion chambers 29 A and 29 B, and the other branch groove 106 is defined to extend from the other end of the common groove 105 toward the intake ports 40 , 40 in the third and fourth combustion chambers 29 C and 29 D.

Moreover, a portion of the common groove 105 excluding a portion corresponding to the communication passage 104 as well as major portions of the branch grooves 106 , 106 are occluded by the gasket 45 interposed between the intake-side fastening face 35 and the plate 44 , and passages 107 are provided in the gasket 45 to individually lead to the intake ports 40 , in such a manner that they have notches 107 a leading to tip ends of the branch grooves 106 , 106 and connected to the passages 107 . Notches 40 a leading to the notches 107 a are provided at ends of the intake ports 40 opening into the intake-side fastening face 35 , in such a manner that they are connected to the intake ports 40 .

Thus, the EGR gas guided from the exhaust port 41 in the first combustion chamber 29 A via the communication bore 95 , the first EGR passage 94 , the inlet-side passage 96 , the EGR valve 99 , the outlet-side passage 98 and the communication bore 100 to the second EGR passage 101 is guided from the communication passage 104 in the gasket 45 to the common groove 105 and further diverted into the pair of branch grooves 106 , 106 and dispensed to the intake ports 40 in the combustion chambers 29 A to 29 D.

Spark plug chambers 109 A, 109 B, 109 C and 109 D are defined in the cylinder head 22 in correspondence to the combustion chambers 29 A, 29 B, 29 C and 29 D with a portion of each of the first spark plugs 66 exposed thereto, in such a manner that they are disposed partially at the protrusion 22 a of the cylinder head 22 and open into the intake-side fastening face 35 . Openings of the spark plug chambers 109 A, 109 B, 109 C and 109 D into the intake-side fastening face 35 are closed by the gasket 45 . Moreover, spark plug chambers 109 A and 109 B are defined in the cylinder head 22 in such a manner that they are interposed between the combustion chambers 29 A and 29 B and the second EGR passage 101 .

The first spark plug 66 is mounted at the lower end of the first plug holder 73 inserted into the first insertion/removal guide section 68 with the sealing portion 73 a resiliently brought into contact with the intermediate cylindrical portion 68 a of the first insertion/removal guide section 68 , but a complete sealing by the sealing portion 73 a cannot be achieved, and it is difficult to avoid the entrance of water from between the sealing portion 73 a and the cylindrical portion 68 a into each of the spark plug chambers 109 A, 109 B, 109 C and 109 D.

Therefore, drainage bores 110 A, 110 B, 110 C and 110 D for draining the water entering each of the sparkplug chambers 109 A, 109 B, 109 C and 109 D are provided in the protrusion 22 a of the cylinder head 22 in such a manner that one ends thereof open into lower ends of the spark plug chambers 109 A, 109 B, 109 C and 109 D and the other ends thereof open into the outer surface of the lower portion of the protrusion 22 a.

A pouch-shaped hole fastening boss 111 for fastening the intake device 42 to the protrusion 22 a by one of a plurality of fastening bolts 115 is provided on the cylinder head 22 at a location corresponding to the third combustion chamber 29 C to protrude into a lower portion of the spark plug chamber 109 C. Moreover, the position of the drainage bore 110 C is determined, so that one end thereof opens into a lower portion of the spark plug chamber 109 C between the spark plug 66 and the fastening boss 111 in the direction along the axis of the camshaft 34 .

With the dispositions of the fastening boss 111 and the drainage bore 110 C, it is possible to avoid an increase in size of the cylinder head 22 . More specifically, when the fastening boss is disposed at a location offset from the spark plug chamber 109 C, it is impossible to avoid an increase in size of the cylinder head, but the increase in size of the cylinder head can be avoided by provision of the fastening boss 111 intruding into the lower portion of the sparkplug chamber 109 C. Moreover, the water entering the spark plug chamber 109 C from around the first spark plug 66 can be guided to the drainage bore 110 C, so that it is not obstructed by the fastening boss 111 .

A fastening boss 112 for fastening the intake device 42 to the protrusion 22 a is provided on the cylinder head 22 at a location corresponding to the first combustion chamber 29 A to protrude into the lower portion of the spark plug chamber 109 C. Moreover, one end of the drainage bore 110 A opens into a lower portion of the spark plug chamber 109 A at a location where the fastening boss 112 is interposed between the drainage bore 110 A and the first spark plug 66 in the direction along the axis of the camshaft 34 , and a guide wall 113 for guiding the water entering around the first spark plug 66 toward the drainage bore 110 A is provided between an inner wall of the spark plug chamber 109 A and the fastening boss 112 .

Also with such dispositions of the fastening boss 112 , the drainage bore 110 C and the guide wall 113 , the increase in size of the cylinder head 22 can be avoided, and the water entering the spark plug chamber 109 A from around the first spark plug 66 can be guided by the guide wall 113 toward the drainage bore 110 A so that it is not obstructed by the fastening boss 112 . In addition, the rigidity of the fastening boss can be increased by the guide wall 113 .

Further, the fastening boss 112 and the guide wall 113 are positioned at a lower portion of an inner surface of the spark plug chamber 109 A on the side of the projecting end of the protrusion 22 a , i.e., on the side of the intake-side fastening face 35 to form a flat surface 114 , and a threaded bore 116 is provided to extend between the intake-side fastening face 35 and the flat surface 114 , so that a fastening bolt 115 is threadedly engaged into the threaded bore 116 .

Therefore, the water entering the spark plug chamber 109 A from around the first spark plug 66 can be guided by the flat surface 114 toward the drainage bore 110 A, so that it is not obstructed by a fastening portion of the fastening bolt 115 .

Referring also to FIGS. 12 and 13 , ahead-side water jacket 118 is provided in the cylinder head 22 to lead to a block-side water jacket 119 provided in the cylinder block 21 , and a port 120 leading to the head-side water jacket 118 on the side of the axially other end of the camshaft 34 is connected to a heater core 122 through a line 121 . A thermostat 126 is mounted in a mounting recess 134 (see FIG. 3 ) provided in the cylinder head 22 on the axially other end of the camshaft 34 . The heater core 122 is connected to the thermostat 126 through a line 123 , and the head-side water jacket 118 within the cylinder head 22 is also connected to the thermostat 126 through a bypass passage 133 .

A line 125 is connected at one end to the port 120 , and after warm water is supplied through an intermediate portion of the line 125 to an auxiliary such as a throttle body 124 , the line 125 is connected to a line 136 . The line 136 is connected at one end to a port 135 provided in the cylinder head 22 to lead to an outlet of the thermostat 126 , and at the other end to a suction side of water pump 131 . A line 132 for guiding a portion of cooling water from the head-side water jacket 118 in the cylinder head 22 is also connected to the suction side of the water pump 131 . A discharge side of the water pump 131 is connected to the head-side water jacket 118 in the cylinder head 22 .

A port 127 is provided in the cylinder head 22 to lead to the block-side water jacket 119 in the cylinder block 21 . The port 127 is connected to an inlet of a radiator 129 through a line 128 , and an outlet of the radiator 129 is connected to the thermostat 126 through a line 130 .

In such a cooling water circuit, the thermostat 126 disconnect the line 136 and the line 130 from each other and permits the line 123 and the bypass passage to communicate with the line 136 , when the engine is cold, whereby a major portion of the cooling water supplied from the water pump 131 to the head-side water jacket 118 is fed to the heater core 122 and the auxiliary such as the throttle body 124 , as shown by a solid line arrow in FIG. 12 , but the cooling water is never supplied to the radiator 129 .

On the other hand, when the engine is hot, the thermostat 126 disconnects the bypass passage 133 and the line 130 from each other and permits the lines 123 and 130 to communicate with the line 136 , whereby the cooling water supplied from the water pump 131 to the head-side water jacket 118 is fed to the heater core 122 and the auxiliary such as the throttle body 124 and to the block-side water jacket 119 . The cooling water cooled by feeding thereof from the block-side water jacket 119 to the radiator 129 is drawn into the water pump 131 .

The operation of this embodiment will be described below. The single rocker shaft 55 , on which the intake-side rocker arm 59 moved following the intake-side cam 57 provided on the camshaft 34 to drive the intake valve 47 and the exhaust-side rocker arm 60 moved following the exhaust-side cam 58 provided on the camshaft 34 to drive the exhaust valve 48 are commonly carried, is fixedly disposed in the cylinder head 22 above the camshaft 34 . The first insertion/removal guide section 68 for guiding the insertion and removal of the first spark plug 66 and the intake valve 47 are disposed so that they are superposed at least partially on each other in the view of projection onto the plane perpendicular to the axis of the camshaft 34 , and the second insertion/removal guide section 69 for guiding the insertion and removal of the second spark plug 67 and the exhaust valve 48 are disposed so that they are superposed at least partially on each other in the view of projection onto the plane.

Therefore, the intake valve 47 and the first insertion/removal guide section 68 as well as the exhaust valve 48 and the second insertion/removal guide section 69 can be disposed at the locations closer to the camshaft 34 , and the width of the cylinder head 22 in the direction perpendicular to the axis of the camshaft 34 can be set at a small value, as compared with the conventional SOHC-type engine including a pair of rocker shafts.

The shortest distance L 2 in the projection view between at least one of the first and second insertion/removal guide sections 68 and 69 and the camshaft 34 is set smaller than the shortest distance L 1 in the projection view between at least one of the valve stems 47 a and 48 a of the intake valve 47 and the exhaust valve 48 and the camshaft 34 . Therefore, at least one of the first and second insertion/removal guide sections 68 and 69 can be disposed in more proximity to the camshaft 34 , whereby the width of the cylinder head in the direction perpendicular to the axis of the camshaft 34 can be set at a small value. In addition, by setting the shortest distance L 2 between the first and second insertion/removal guide sections 68 and 69 and the camshaft 34 smaller than the shortest distance L 1 between the valve stems 47 a and 48 a of the intake valve 47 and the exhaust valve 48 and the camshaft 34 as in the embodiment, both of the first and second insertion/removal guide sections 68 and 69 can be disposed in more proximity to the camshaft 34 , whereby the width of the cylinder head in the direction perpendicular to the axis of the camshaft 34 can be set at a smaller value.

Additionally, since the upper ends of the first and second insertion/removal guide sections 68 and 69 integral with the cylinder head 22 are formed, curved to protrude into the valve-operating chamber 26 , the amount of protrusion of the upper ends of the first and second insertion/removal guide sections 68 and 69 from the side of the cylinder head 22 can be suppressed to a small level, thereby contributing to the compactness of the cylinder head 22 and enhancing the rigidity of the upper end of the sidewall of the cylinder head 22 . Moreover, the inclination of the first and second spark plugs 66 and 67 can be suppressed to a small level to enhance the ignitability.

Further, the boss 103 for mounting the fuel injection valve 102 for injecting the fuel into the intake port 40 is provided on the cylinder head 22 , and the second EGR passage 101 for guiding the EGR gas is provided in the cylinder head 22 to extend in parallel to the axis of the camshaft 34 in the vicinity of the fuel injection valve 102 with a portion of the boss 103 intruding into the EGR passage 101 . Therefore, the second EGR passage 101 can be provided in the cylinder head 22 in the vicinity of the fuel injection valve 102 , while ensuring the wall thickness of the boss 103 on the side of the second EGR passage 101 . The second EGR passage 101 can be disposed in the vicinity of the fuel injection valve 102 , while ensuring the rigidity of the boss 103 and inhibiting an adverse effect due to the high-temperature EGR gas flowing through the second EGR passage 101 from being exerted to the fuel injection valve 102 , thereby achieving the compactness of the cylinder head 22 .

The position P 1 of the central portion of the upstream end of the intake port 40 provided in the cylinder head 22 and the position P 0 of the central portion of the downstream end of the exhaust port 41 are set to correspond with each other in the direction along the axis of the camshaft 34 and hence, the distance between the cylinders of the multi-cylinder engine can be set to be short, and the size of the cylinder head 22 in the direction along the axis of the camshaft 34 can be reduced.

Further, the cylinder head 22 is integrally provided with the protrusion 22 a projecting outwards from the cylinder block 21 , and the spark plug chambers 109 A, 109 B, 109 C and 109 D corresponding to the combustion chambers 29 A, 29 B, 29 C and 29 D with a portion of each of the first spark plugs 66 facing the corresponding combustion chamber are defined in the cylinder head 22 in such a manner that a portion of each of the spark plug chambers is disposed in the protrusion 22 a . Therefore, the volume of each of the spark plug chambers 109 A to 109 D can be set at relatively large value to provide a reduction in weight of the cylinder head 22 .

Moreover, the cylinder head 22 is provided with the drainage bores 110 A, 110 B, 110 C and 110 D, one end of each of which opens into the lower portion of each of the spark plug chambers 109 A, 109 B, 109 C and 109 D and the other end of each of which opens into the outer surface of the protrusion 22 a , i.e., the outer surface of the lower portion of the cylinder head 22 outside the cylinder head 21 . Therefore, the water entering the spark plug chambers 109 A to 109 D can be reliably discharged through the drainage bores 110 A to 110 D shortened in length and simplified.

Although the embodiment of the present invention has been described, it will be understood that the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiment, and various modifications in design may be made without departing from the scope and spirit of the invention defined in the claims.

Claims

1. A multi-cylinder engine in which an intake valve and a first spark plug arranged side by side along an axis of a camshaft and an exhaust valve and a second spark plug arranged side by side along the axis of said camshaft are disposed in a cylinder head for every combustion chamber, wherein the position of a central portion of an upstream end of an intake port provided in the cylinder head with said intake valve interposed between said intake port and each of the combustion chambers and the position of a central portion of a downstream end of an exhaust port provided in the cylinder head with said exhaust valve interposed between said exhaust port and each of the combustion chambers are set to correspond with each other in the direction along the axis of said camshaft.

2. A multi-cylinder engine according to claim 1, wherein an EGR passage for guiding a portion of an exhaust gas flowing through said exhaust port is provided in the cylinder head at one end along the axis of said camshaft; said second spark plug is disposed at a location where said exhaust port is interposed between said second spark plug and said EGR passage; and said intake port is provided in the cylinder head at a location where said first spark plug is interposed between said intake port and said EGR passage.

3. A multi-cylinder engine according to claim 1 or 2, wherein an EGR valve for controlling the flow of an EGR gas is mounted to a sidewall of the cylinder head into which the upstream end of said intake port opens, and said intake port is provided in the cylinder head at a location where said first spark plug is interposed between said intake port and said EGR valve.

4. A multi-cylinder engine according to claim 1 or 2, wherein said first spark plug arranged side by side with the upstream end of said exhaust port in the direction perpendicular to the axis of said camshaft is disposed side by side with said intake valve along the axis of said camshaft; said second spark plug arranged side by side with the downstream end of said intake port in the direction perpendicular to the axis of said camshaft is disposed side by side with said exhaust valve along the axis of said camshaft; the upstream end of said intake port is disposed offset in one direction from the downstream end of said intake port in the direction along the axis of said camshaft; and the downstream end of said exhaust port is disposed offset in the other direction from the upstream end of said exhaust port in the direction along the axis of said camshaft.

5. A multi-cylinder engine according to claim 1, wherein a protrusion is integrally provided on said cylinder head to project outwards from a cylinder block; said first spark plug is mounted in said cylinder head with its axis disposed in a plane perpendicular to the axis of said camshaft; spark plug chambers corresponding to said combustion chambers and each faced by a portion of each of said first spark plugs are defined in said cylinder head in such a manner that a portion of each of said spark plug chambers is disposed in said protrusion; and a plurality of drainage bores are provided in said protrusion in such a manner that one end thereof opens into a lower portion of each of said spark plug chambers, and the other end thereof opens into an outer surface of a lower portion of said protrusion.

6. A multi-cylinder engine according to claim 5, wherein a fastening boss for fastening an intake device to said protrusion is provided on said cylinder head to protrude into a lower portion of one of said spark plug chambers, and one end of the drainage bore corresponding to said one spark plug chamber opens into the lower portion of said one spark plug chamber between said first spark plug and said fastening boss in the direction along the axis of said camshaft.

7. A multi-cylinder engine according to claim 5, wherein a fastening boss for fastening an intake device to said protrusion is provided on said cylinder head to protrude into a lower portion of one of said spark plug chambers; one end of said drainage bore corresponding to said one spark plug chamber opens into the lower portion of said one spark plug chamber at a location where said fastening boss is interposed between said drainage bore and said first spark plug in the direction along the axis of said camshaft; and a guide wall for guiding water entering around said first spark plug toward said drainage bores is provided between an inner wall of said spark plug chamber and said fastening boss.

8. A multi-cylinder engine according to claim 5, wherein at least a lower portion of an inner surface of one of said spark plug chambers is formed as a flat face parallel to said camshaft on the protruding side of said protrusion, and a threaded bore for threaded engagement with a fastening bolt for fastening an intake device is provided to extend between protruding end face of said protrusion and said flat face.

9. A multi-cylinder engine according to claim 1, wherein bosses for mounting fuel injection valves are provided on said cylinder head; a second EGR passage for guiding an EGR gas is provided in said cylinder head to extend in parallel to the axis of said camshaft in proximity to said fuel injection valves in such a manner that a portion of each of said bosses protrudes into said second EGR passage.

10. A multi-cylinder engine according to claim 9, wherein said second EGR passage is disposed between said intake ports and said fuel injection valves.

11. A multi-cylinder engine according to claim 9 or 10, wherein at least one of a plurality of spark plug chambers formed in the cylinder head in correspondence to said combustion chambers with a portion of each of the spark plugs being exposed thereto is disposed between said second EGR passage and said combustion chambers.