The invention relates to pipes and other conduits. In particular, the invention relates to commonly-extruded or otherwise integrated multi-line conduits and conduit assemblies suitable for fluid, electrical, and other applications.
Builders, carpenters, plumbers, electricians, home-repair workers, and others are often faced with the necessity or desirability of installing conduits for the transfer of water, glycol and/or other heating and/or cooling fluids, hydraulic fluid, air, and other fluids; and for insulating, heating, cooling, guiding and containing electrical, fiber-optic, communications, control, and other wires, cables, etc.
In many cases, it can be necessary or desirable to install such conduits in pairs or other multiples. For example, it may be desirable to provide separate, parallel conduits for hot and cold water, electrical or fiber-optic lines, control lines or control cables, network and other communication cables, air conditioning supply and return lines, etc. Using known conduit products (e.g., individual rigid water pipes, electrical conduits, etc.), it is necessary to run such multi-conduit lines one-by-one, using individual conduits, which are separately formed and must be separately transported, handled, installed, and secured.
There is need for improvements in such conduit assemblies, and means for creating and installing them.
In various aspects and embodiments, the invention provides commonly-extruded or otherwise joined or integrated multi-conduit pipes and other conduits, and methods of making, using, and installing them, and features or components thereof.
For example, in one aspect the invention provides multi-pipe or multi-conduit assemblies, each such assembly comprising a plurality of individual or distinct conduits, each pair of conduits optionally joined by one or more webs and/or retainers. Such multi-conduit pipes can be formed with particular advantage through the use of single, continuous extrusions, and can optionally be either or both of flexible and fluid tight. While in some embodiments multi-conduit pipes in accordance with the disclosure can be substantially rigid (e.g., not rollable or bendable without inelastic deformation), it has been found that the ability to roll and otherwise flex conduit assemblies, for example to store them or to pass them around obstructions in walls and other structures, turn corners, etc., can provide particular advantage. To the inventors' knowledge, no such conduit assemblies have appeared in the art.
In further embodiments, multi-conduit assemblies in accordance with the invention are formed though the use of sleeves or wraps, whereby individual conduits can be inserted into corresponding individual sleeves, the sleeves being joined by webs.
Alternatively, or in addition, multi-conduit assemblies in accordance with the invention can effectively be placed in sleeves through the use of heat-activated, adhesive, elastic, or other forms of wraps formed from sheet products, so that continuous sleeves of desired length may be provided, optionally with webs between adjacent conduits.
In some further embodiments, multi-conduit assemblies in accordance with the invention are formed through the use of clips and/or other retainers which support pluralities of individual conduits in desired juxtapositions with respect to one another. Optionally such retainers can be closeable, permanently or releasably, and/or they can be used in combination with sheets or ribbons of flexible wrapping material such as plastic sheets or various forms of tape, in order to join them in desired relations to one another, optionally forming web(s) between adjacent conduits.
Advantageously, multi-conduit assemblies in accordance with the invention may comprise two, three, or any other desired number of separate (i.e., distinct) conduits. Conduits of a multi-conduit assembly in accordance with the invention may be of any desired or required size(s), and individual conduits of a multi-conduit assembly may be of the same or different sizes, and fabricated using the same and/or other materials. Pairs or other multiples of conduits can be joined by any desired number of webs, depending upon the purpose(s) of the assembly(ies), the intended or desired installation method(s), the materials of which the pipe(s) are to be fabricated, the materials the conduits(s) are intended to transfer or otherwise contain, the environment(s) in which the pipe(s) are to be installed, etc.
A further and particularly advantageous feature offered by various embodiments of the invention is the option of joining individual pairs of conduits by means of scored, frangible, or otherwise separable webs, so that the conduits may be separated from one another and used separately, preferably without compromising their utility—for example, without compromising their fluid-tight integrity. For example, various forms of perforation(s) may be provided, such that an installer wishing to install a smaller number of conduits than that provided in a webbed multi-conduit assembly, or to separate one or more conduits from one or more other conduits over all or any part(s) of a conduit's run, may tear, cut, or otherwise break or separate the supporting web with greater ease and less resultant damage to the conduit(s) than if the web were solid.
As will be understood by those skilled in the relevant arts, once they have been made familiar with this disclosure, pipes and other conduits, sleeves, webs, retainers, clips, and/or other components in accordance with the invention may be fabricated using any material(s) and/or combination(s) of materials suitable for their intended purpose(s). Such factors can, for example, include the intended purpose(s) and geometry(ies) of the conduit(s), the intended or desired methods) to be used in installing the conduit(s), the absolute or relative availability of desirable materials, the material(s) the conduits are intended to transfer or otherwise contain, the environment(s) in which the conduits(s) are to be installed and used, etc. Non-limiting examples include polymers such as PEX, metals, including a wide range of metal alloys, carbon- and/or glass fibers and other composite materials, and concrete.
Advantageously, individual conduits, sets of conduits, and/or sections of conduits in multi-conduit pipes can, in accordance with the invention, be fabricated using different materials, or combinations of materials, in order to improve suitability for combined applications. For example, in an assembly intended to convey both fluids and electrical lines in a building installation, individual conduits intended for transfer of water, glycol, or other fluids in buildings may be fabricated using a first material, of combinations of materials; while conduits intended to insulate, protect, or otherwise contain electrical wiring may be fabricated using a second material, or combination of materials. As a further example, one or more sections of a multi-conduit pipe may be made of one or more first materials in a length of pipe intended to promote transfer of heat between a fluid contained by such length and its environment; and a one or more second materials in a length of pipe intended to reduce such heat transfer. Such composite pipes may be commonly extruded by, for example, using any of a variety of multi-material injection techniques.
Particular examples of materials suitable for use in implementing the invention include cross-linked polyethylene (sometimes abbreviated either “PEX” or “XLPE”), copper, steel, aluminum and other metals and alloys, carbon-and/or glass fibers and other composite materials, and concrete. PEX and other plastic materials provide flexible, fluid-tight, corrosion- and oxidation-resistant , and lightweight piping forms, which are readily rollable, frangible, and extrudible. Further examples include polyvinyl chloride (PVC) and polyethylene. Depending upon the desired application(s), any suitable plastics or polymers will serve. Particularly beneficial plastics include any of the bioplastics, and particularly those that are cornpostable or otherwise biodegradable.
In a further aspect, the invention provides methods of using multi-conduit pipes in accordance with the disclosure.
Thus it may be seen that the invention pertains to piping and other conduit systems in which multiple pipes are joined to one another along at least a portion of their lengths, in substantially parallel or other desired orientations or juxtapositions relative to one another, and provides a very wide number of options and variations of mechanisms for providing such systems.
Various aspects and embodiments of the invention are illustrated in the accompanying drawing, which is meant to be exemplary and not limiting.
Preferred embodiments of multi-conduit assemblies, and features thereof, according to the invention are described through reference to the drawings.
Web(s) 110 may be of the same or differing lengths ‘lw,’ widths ‘s’, and thickness(es) tw or twi, depending upon the desired or intended application(s) of the assembly 100 and/or individual conduits 102, 106, 106, etc.; and whether the individual webs 110 are solid (e.g., web 112) or perforated, etc. (e.g., web 114). Moreover widths “s” and thicknesses tw can be uniform or varied along lengths “l” of the pipe and/or individual webs.
As will be understood by those skilled in the relevant arts, and as further explained above, conduits 101 and webs 110 may be formed by any suitable process(es), including for example extrusion, injection or other types of molding, vacuum forming and other forms of thermoforming or pressure forming, and similar processes. They may also be formed, as explained below, through the use of wraps, sleeves, clips, retainers, etc. As a specific example, a webbed multi-conduit assembly 100 such as that shown in
Assemblies 100 and/or individual conduits 101 can be adapted for any desirable purpose(es), including for example the transfer of water or other liquids, air or other fluids, network and/or control cables, and/or the routing and protection of electrical and fiberoptic wiring or conduits. For example, an assembly 100, 170 such as that shown in
Thermal and/or electrical insulation of conduit(s) 101 can be provided by a wide variety of techniques, including molding, extrusion, or coating using suitably-insulating material(s), wrapping with suitably-insulated material, etc. For example, a flame-resistant, electrically-insulated conduit 101, 106 can be provided by co-extruding a single conduit comprising inner and outer layers 101a, 101b, as shown in
Further examples of the advantageous use of conduits 101 having multiple layers 101a, 101b, etc., include the transfer of corrosive materials. Using for example a corrosion-resistant plastic or metal, an inner layer 101a can be provided to resist corrosion by interaction of transferred fluids and the inner wall(s) of the conduit layer 101a. For example, an inner layer 101 comprised of epoxy coating can help to maximize a service life of an assembly 100 adapted to transfer cooling fluids or other relatively corrosive substances.
Webs 110 can serve a variety of purposes, as desired. For example, in addition to providing secure and optionally flexible attachment between adjacent conduits and/or sets of conduits 101, they may be used to secure assemblies 100 to walls, studs, and other supporting structures. For example, nails, screws, and/or other fasteners can be driven through web(s) 110 at desired locations. In some embodiments, holes can be formed or otherwise provided in web(s) 110 in order to facilitate the use of such fasteners to secure assembly(ies) 100 to such supporting structures.
As shown for example in
Optionally, web(s) 110 joining conduits 101 can be frangible (i.e., easily breakable), so that sets of conduits 101 can be more conveniently separated from one than otherwise might be the case. For example, as shown in
Optionally, and with significant advantage, frangible features 120, 121, 125 etc. can be configured to enable full or partial separation of conduit(s) 101 without compromising the structural integrity of separated portions. For example, the use of such frangible features can enable conduits 101 to be separated from one another without compromising their fluid-tight integrity.
As will be understood by those skilled in the relevant arts, frangible features 120, 125, etc., may be provided by any desired or otherwise suitable relative variations in structural strength and/or integrity along a web 110. For example, in addition to perforations and scored lines as described above, frangible portions of web(s) 100 can be provided by co-molding or extruding a desired portion of a web with a relatively weaker material than is used in fabrication of adjacent conduit(s) 101 and/or web(s) 110.
In the embodiment shown in
As noted above, the embodiment shown in
Thus, for example, the invention provides many varieties of multi-conduit assemblies 100, each assembly 100 comprising two, three, or any other desired numbers of distinct conduits 101. Any two or more of the plurality of conduits 101 can optionally be joined by one or more webs 110. Any or all of conduits 101, and/or various layers 101a, 101b, etc., can be any or all of fluid tight, electrically insulating, thermally insulating, corrosion resistant, fire-resistant, and/or exhibit any other desired properties under desired conditions. Such conduits 101 and webs 110 can be formed as a single, continuous extrusions, co-extrusions, or through any other desired or suitable manufacturing processes.
Multi-conduit assemblies 100 in accordance with various aspects of the invention can be implemented in a variety of ways.
As shown for example in
As in the case of webs 110, sleeve webs 178 can serve a variety of purposes. For example, in addition to securing pluralities of adjacent conduits 101 to each other in pairs, they may be used to secure assemblies 100, 175 to walls, studs, and other supporting structures through the use of nails, screws or other fasteners. In some embodiments, holes can be formed or otherwise provided in web(s) 118 in order to facilitate the use of such fasteners to secure assembly(ies) 100 to such supporting structures; in other cases, nails, screws, and/or other fasteners can simply be driven through the web(s) 118 at desired intervals.
Multi-sleeve retainers 176 can be fabricated using any desired materials, including nylons or other synthetic materials, natural fabrics, etc. In many embodiments, such materials are flexible, so as for example to accommodate flexure in enclosed conduits 101. For example, such conduits can be flexible at room temperature, or within any desired temperature ranges, such as greater than or equal to about 50 degrees Fahrenheit below zero.
Depending upon the purpose(s) to which a multi-conduit assembly 175 is to be put, multi-sleeve retainer(s) 176 can be fabricated using fabrics having electrically insulating, thermally insulating, fire-resistant, or other desired properties, as well as suitable strength and desired flexibility. Such properties can be provided for all sleeves 177, or for individual sleeves or sets of sleeves 177.
For example, materials used to fabricate any one or more such sleeves can, alone or in conjunction with individual conduits 101, comprise any desired specific fireproof and/or electrical insulation ratings, or they can be non-rated. Retainers 176 and/or individual sleeves 177 can be relatively stiff and inflexible, e.g. by fabrication using glass fibers or other composites, or they can be relatively soft and collapsible, using organic or inorganic fabrics such as, for example, polyester, cotton, or other soft materials. Those skilled in the relevant arts will have no difficulty in identifying suitable fabrics, once they have been made familiar with this disclosure. A variety of fire-resistant fabrics, for example, are described at http://www.westex.com/fr-fabric-brands/.
Sleeves 177 can, in various embodiments, be of single or multiple layers. For example, as shown in
As with other aspects and embodiments of the invention, assemblies 100, 175 comprising retainers 176 and/or sleeves 177 can comprise perforations 150, etc. (not shown in
Alternatively, or in addition, retainers 176 and/or individual sleeve portions 177 can comprise permanent and/or releasable fasteners, or fastening devices, between individual conduits 101, or between pairs or other sets of conduits 101. Such fasteners can for example be used for permanent and/or removable insertion and/or retention of individual conduit(s) 101, or sets of conduits 101, by sleeves 177; and/or for attachment and/or removal of sleeve portions 176a, 176b of a multi-conduit sleeve 176 or assembly 175.
For example, at (L) in
Alternatively, or in addition, as shown at (R) in
Other forms of permanent and/or releasable attachments that can be used to permananently or reliably secure webs 178 and/or individual sleeves 177 in such manners include snaps 284, zippers (slide interlocking fasteners, not shown), hook and loop fasteners (“Velcro”), and various forms of heat-activated and other adhesives, rivets, etc. A variety of methods of permanently or releasably sealing sleeve joints such as those shown at 4B(L) and 4B(R) are known to those skilled in the relevant arts, and others are disclosed herein. Doubtless other methods will be developed over the course of time.
Thus in various aspects and embodiments the invention provides multi-conduit assemblies 100, each such assembly comprising a plurality of distinct conduits 101, each conduit 101 comprising a length lc; and at least one multi-sleeve retainer 176, each multi-sleeve retainer 176 comprising a plurality of (individual) sleeves 177, each sleeve 177 configured to adapted to enclose at least a portion of the length lc of at least one of the plurality of conduits, whereby the multi-sleeve retainer 176 can retain the plurality of distinct conduits 100 in a desired relative orientation. In the embodiment shown in
Such multi-sleever retainers 176 can, for example, be fabricated of cross-linked polyethylene, nylon, polyester, other synthetic materials, and/or organic materials such as cotton or linen. Retainers 176 can also be wholly or partially transpartent or transluscent. This can, for example, be especially advantageous where conduits 101 comprised by an assembly 175 are of different colors, where for example the different colors are associated with hot and/or cold water, electrical wires, network, control and fiber-optic cables, etc. For example a hot water conduit can be colored red, a cold water conduit colored blue, and a conduit carrying electrical wiring can be colored black.
Further embodiments and aspects of the invention are disclosed in connection with
Multi-conduit assemblies 100, 230 can, for example, be fabricated using single, folded sheets 222, and/or pluralities of distinct sheets. For example, one sheet 222 may be applied to each side of a plurality of conduits 101.
Sheets and/or sheet portions 222, 235, 236 can be fabricated using any materials suitable for the intended purpose(s) of assembly(ies) 100, 230. Suitable sheet materials can, for example, be selected based on the intended use of the assembly 100, 230; the expected environmental and structural conditions of the use, etc. The use of flexible sheets, such as PVC, vinyl, polyethylene (including cross-linked polyethelene), styrene, and other plastics and polymers can be advantageous in a wide variety of applications, particularly where flexibility, transparency, and/or translucency are desired. Thus, in various aspects and embodiments the invention provides multi-conduit assemblies 100, 230, fabricated at least partially of polymers which are flexible at room temperature, and/or within desired temperature ranges, such as greater than or equal to about 50 degrees Fahrenheit below zero.
As in the case of assemblies 100, 175 such as those described above, the use of transluscent (or transparent) sheets can be of particular advantage where, for example, at least two conduits 101 of an assembly 100, 230 are of different colors.
Attachment of sheet portions 235, 236 can be by any suitable and/or otherwise desired means. Factors to be considered in selecting attachment means can include the intended use of an assembly 100, 230; the expected environmental and structural conditions of the use, etc.
For example, as described above in connection with assemblies 100, 175, attachments between individual conduits 101 and/or sets of conduits 101, and optionally formation of web(s) 110, can be accomplished through the use of permanent and/or releasable fasteners, including for example interference-fit fasteners such as interlocking closure strips 283, snaps 284, hook-and-loop fasteners, zippers, etc.
In the example shown in
In the example shown in
Alternatively, or in addition, assembly(ies) 100, 230 can be formed by the use of adhesive sheets (i.e., sheets 235, 236 wholly or partially coated or otherwise provided with adhesives) on their facing surfaces, such that when the sheets (or sheet portions) 235, 236 are pressed together, they adhere to one another, and/or to conduits 101, in such manner as to form an assembly 100, 230. For example, adhesives can be applied to entireties of mating surfaces of sheet portions 235, 236, and/or it can be applied in strips in locations 239 where webs 110 are to be formed, as shown for example in
Alternatively, or in addition, assembly(ies) 100, 230 can be formed through the use of vacuum and/or heat-sealing processes and the like. For example, in
Although many of the example embodiments disclosed herein are shown and/or described as being in substantially parallel juxtapositions, the invention both contemplates and enables the effective and efficient production of multi-conduit assemblies of a wide variety of non-parallel juxtapositions. In the example shown in
As will be appreciated by those skilled in the relevant arts, once they have been made familiar with this disclosure, any or all of the attachment processes described above—mechanical attachment, adhesives, heat-forming, vacuum forming, etc.—can be used in combination, if and to the extent appropriate. For example, the placement of adhesives on mating surfaces of sheets or sheet portions 235, 236 can enhance the quality and durability of any of the above attachment methods. Moreover, where removable fasteners such as snaps 284, hook-and-loop fasteners (not shown), and interlocking closure strips 283, are employed, removable or releasable (i.e., non-permanent) adhesives can be used with advantage.
As may, for example, be seen by comparison of
Example methods of and devices for wrapping pluralities of conduits 101 to form assemblies 100, 230 are described with reference to
In the example shown in
By applying heat to the sheets 235 and/or 236 by means of heating any or all of teeth 610, grooves 611, of either or both of press wheels 601, 602, the press 600 can cause inner surfaces 618, 619 of the sheets/sheet portions 235, 236 to adhere to all or any portion(s) of each other and/or conduits 101. Alternatively, or in addition, inner surfaces 618, 619 can be wholly or partially coated with adhesives such that teeth 610 and/or grooves 611 cause inner surfaces 618, 619 of the sheets/sheet portions 235, 236 to adhere to all or any portion(s) of each other and/or conduits 101.
In the example shown in
As shown in view B-B of
As will be understood by those skilled in the relevant arts, once they have been made familiar with this disclosure, suitably-configured presses 600, 700 (including particularly teeth 610, flanges 710) can be used to install and/or close permanent or releasable mechanical fasteners, such as rivets, interlocking strip fasteners 283, snaps 284, hook-and-loop fasteners, etc. in webs 110 or along the edges of assemblies 100, 175, 230. Presses 600, 700 etc. can also be used in conjunction with vacuum-sealing and other processes, as explained above.
As shown for example in
A retainer 181 can comprise one or more individual conduit retainer portions 182, each of which can be adapted to engage all or any portion(s) of a circumference, periphery, or other external portion of a surface of a conduit 101; for example as explained and shown with reference to
Closeable retainer(s) 181 such as that shown in
In the embodiments shown in
In the embodiments shown in
In
Further alternatives for forming multi-conduit assemblies 100 in accordance with the invention are shown in
In the embodiment shown in
In the embodiments shown in
In the embodiment shown in
As will be readily appreciated by those skilled in the relevant arts, a very wide variety of further configurations for spacer-retainers 181, 210 can be used with advantage, depending upon the number of conduits 101 to be retained, the manner and environment in which they are to be installed, etc.
Clips or retainers 181, 210 in accordance with the invention can be wholly or partially fabricated using any suitable material(s), including for example plastics and other polymers, metals, carbon- and/or glass fibers, wood or wood products, etc., and various structural composites. As will be understood by those skilled in the relevant arts, once they have been made familiar with this disclosure, identification of suitable material(s) can depend on a number of factors, including intended use(s) of the retainers, intended use(s) of assemblies 100 comprising the retainers, environmental and other conditions under in which the retainers are to be used, etc. As a specific example, clips or retainers 181, 210 intended for various uses in home construction, renovation, or repair can be fabricated by the use of plastic or other polymers. Clips or retainers intended for use with large concrete, metal, or PEX conduits, such as drainage or sewer pipes, or other conduits intended for underground use, can be fabricated using metals, fiber-carbon composites, and/or heavy duty polyers, etc.
As noted above, by being fabricated using relatively or substantially rigid materials such as hard plastic, metal, or fiber-reinforced composites, such clips or retainers 181, 210, and any incorporated web portions 110, 189, can effectively restrain conduits 101 at desired spacings from one another, and in desired juxtapositions. Optionally, retainer portions 182 of such retainers can be made of the same and/or other materials as webs 110, 189, and other portions of the clips or retainers 181. In addition, surfaces 182 of retainers 181 intended for contact with conduit(s) 101 can be coated with or otherwise include adherent or anti-corrosive materials, and/or materials having other desired or desirable properties.
Wraps 212 in accordance with the invention can be fabricated using any suitable material(s), including for example plastics and other polymers, natural and synthetic fabrics such as cotton, nylon, or polyester, etc. As will be understood by those skilled in the relevant arts, once they have been made familiar with this disclosure, identification of suitable material(s) can depend on a number of factors, including intended use(s) of the wraps, intended use(s) of assemblies 100 comprising the wraps, environmental and other conditions under in which the wraps are to be used, etc. Optionally, wraps 212 can comprise adherent or coherent surfaces. As noted above, single- or double-sided pressure-sensitive tapes, sometimes known as cellotape, PSA tape, adhesive tape, or self-stick tape, and which adhere to surfaces with application pressure and without the need for solvents or heat for activation, can be of significant advantage when used with various aspect and embodiments, including for example the embodiments shown in any of
As previously noted, conduit(s) 101 suitable for use in implementing various aspects and embodiments of the invention can be fabricated of electrically, thermally, or otherwise-insulating material(s), in order to enhance the safety and effectiveness of their uses. As will further be appreciated by those skilled in the relevant arts, dimensions of assemblies 100, conduits 101, webs 110, and other devices and components in accordance with the invention can vary in accordance with their intended use, etc. As a specific example, an embodiment of an assembly 100 configured for use in transferring water can be fabricated using PEX, and can comprise a plurality of conduits 101 and one or more webs 110 having the following overall dimensions:
lc (overall length)=as desired; indefinite, coiled or straight
do (conduit outside diameter)=approx. 0.075 to approx. 24 inches, or more
do-di (conduit thickness)=approx. 0.020 to approx. 3.00 inches
tw (web thickness)=approx. 0.020 to approx. 6 inches
s (web width; spacing between conduits)=approx. 0.020 to approx. 10 inches
Moreover, as previously mentioned, individual conduits 101, 102, 104, etc. of a multi-conduit assembly 100 can be of differing dimensions. For example, in an embodiment intended for transfer of gasses and/or liquids in a heating or cooling application, a delivery line may be of approximately 1 inch inside diameter, while a return line may be smaller, for example about ½ inch inside diameter. Applying principles disclosed herein, it will be understood that such multi-conduit pipes may be commonly extruded or otherwise commonly formed in any of a very wide variety of differing inside and outside diameters.
As previously noted, individual conduits 101 of a multi-conduit assembly 100 may be of any one or more desired cross-sections, including for example circular, elliptical, or rectangular, and of any desired length(s).
In various embodiments, one or more individual conduits 101, 167 of a multi-conduit assembly 100 in accordance with the invention can comprise multi-layered walls, as shown for example in
Thus, among other improvements, multi-line conduits 100 in accordance with the invention provide assemblies 100 in which at least two of the conduits are fabricated to have different cross-sectional shapes, sizes (e.g. length, inside and/or outside diameter), colors, and mechanical, electrical, thermal, and/or other physical characteristics.
While the disclosure has been provided and illustrated in connection with specific, presently-preferred embodiments, many variations and modifications may be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention(s) disclosed herein. The disclosure and invention(s) are therefore not to be limited to the exact components or details of methodology or construction set forth above. Except to the extent necessary or inherent in the processes themselves, no particular order to steps or stages of methods or processes described in this disclosure, including the Figures, is intended or implied. In many cases the order of process steps may be varied without changing the purpose, effect, or import of the methods described. The scope of the invention is to be defined solely by the appended claims, giving due consideration to the doctrine of equivalents and related doctrines.
Selected features from one or more of the above-described embodiments may be combined to create alternative embodiments not explicitly described, features suitable for such combinations being readily apparent to persons skilled in the art. The subject matter described herein in the recited claims intends to cover and embrace all suitable changes in technology.
This application claims all benefit, including priority, of U.S. Provisional Patent Application Ser. No. 62/324,526, filed 19 Apr. 2016 and entitled Multi-Line Flexible Pipe, and of U.S. Provisional Patent Application Ser. No. 62/458,240, filed 13 Feb. 2017 and entitled Multi-Line Flexible Conduits, the entire contents of each of which are incorporated herein by this reference.
Number | Date | Country | |
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62458240 | Feb 2017 | US | |
62324526 | Apr 2016 | US |