The present invention relates, generally, to multi-page security documents, and, more particularly, to mechanisms for protecting multi-page security documents against counterfeiting.
Multi-page security documents, for example, passports, typically consist of a cover, a data page, and a number of internal pages that may be used for providing some additional rights to the holder of a multi-page security document. For example, passports contain a number of pages on which visas may be added.
One mechanism for producing a counterfeit of a multi-page security document is to swap a page from one document into another. As the internal pages provide very little security of their own (typically limited to a security guilloche pattern or some other form of security paper) it is very difficult for a person scrutinizing such a document to determine whether the document contains the pages that were originally bound together when the document was first produced or personalized.
From the foregoing it is apparent that there is a need for an improved method to protect multi-page security documents against counterfeiting by swapping pages.
A method for personalizing a multipage security document by placing a laser-alterable ink layer on a personalization area of an edge of each of the sequence of pages, revealing a portion of the personalization area of each of the sequence of pages relative to a pages above said each of the sequence of pages such that the personalization portion of each two consecutive pages in said sequence of pages are located adjacent to one another thereby producing a two-dimensional multi-page personalization section, and creating a pattern on the two-dimensional multi-page personalization section by altering the inked personalization area in the revealed portion of each page of said sequence of pages by exposing said revealed portions to a laser, such that a pattern is visible when the revealed portions of a sequence of pages are viewed simultaneously.
In one aspect, revealing the portion of each page of the sequence of pages by angle-cutting a portion of the edge of the multipage security document such that for any two adjacent sheets of the multi-page personalization section, a portion of a lower sheet of the two adjacent sheets is exposed beyond an edge of an upper sheet of the two adjacent sheets. In another aspect, revealing the portion of each page of the sequence of pages by bending the security document such that for any two adjacent sheets of the personalization zone, a portion of a lower of said two adjacent sheets is exposed beyond an edge of an upper of the two adjacent sheets.
The laser-alterable ink layer may be lines of a guilloche pattern on the exposed portion of each page and wherein the step of altering the inked personalization area in the revealed portion of each page comprises exposing portions of the lines of the guilloche pattern to laser and thereby altering the lines of the guilloche pattern.
The exposure to laser changes the original color of the laser-alterable ink layer. In one embodiment, the exposure to laser bleaches the laser-alterable ink layer.
In an aspect, at least one upper sheet may contain an internal cutout window revealing an internal portion of a lower sheet such that laser personalization of the upper sheet causes personalization on the lower sheet that corresponds to the personalization of the upper sheet wherein the personalization pattern produced on the lower sheet in the see-through window fits like a puzzle piece into the personalization pattern produced on the upper sheet.
In another aspect, at least one upper sheet contains an irregular edge revealing an irregularly shaped personalization area of a lower sheet such that laser personalization of the upper sheet causes personalization on the lower sheet that corresponds to the personalization of the upper sheet wherein the personalization pattern produced on the lower sheet in the irregularly shaped personalization area fits like a puzzle piece into the personalization pattern produced on the upper sheet.
To achieve those and other advantages, and in accordance with the purpose of the invention as embodied and broadly described, the invention proposes a method for personalizing a multipage security document, the method comprising:
on a sequence of pages:
placing a laser-alterable ink layer on a personalization area of an edge of each of the sequence of pages;
revealing a portion of the personalization area of each of the sequence of pages relative to a page above said each of the sequence of pages such that the personalization portion of each two consecutive pages in said sequence of pages are located adjacent to one another thereby producing a two-dimensional multi-page personalization section;
creating a pattern on the two-dimensional multi-page personalization section by altering the inked personalization area in the revealed portion of each page of said sequence of pages by exposing said revealed portions to a laser, such that a pattern is visible when the revealed portions of a sequence of pages are viewed simultaneously.
According to an aspect of the present invention the method comprises a step of revealing said portion of each page of said sequence of pages by angle-cutting a portion of the edge of the multipage security document such that for any two adjacent sheets of said multi-page personalization section, a portion of a lower sheet of said two adjacent sheets is exposed beyond an edge of an upper sheet of said two adjacent sheets.
According to an aspect of the present invention the method comprises a step of revealing said portion of each page of said sequence of pages by bending the security document such that for any two adjacent sheets of said personalization zone, a portion of a lower of said two adjacent sheets is exposed beyond an edge of an upper of said two adjacent sheets.
According to an aspect of the present invention the laser-alterable ink layer are lines of a guilloche pattern on the exposed portion of each page and wherein the step of altering the inked personalization area in the revealed portion of each page comprises exposing portions of the lines of the guilloche pattern to laser and thereby altering the lines of the guilloche pattern.
According to an aspect of the present invention the exposure to laser changes the original color of the laser-alterable ink layer.
According to an aspect of the present invention the exposure to laser bleaches the laser-alterable ink layer.
According to an aspect of the present invention at least one upper sheet contains an internal cutout window revealing an internal portion of a lower sheet such that laser personalization of the upper sheet causes personalization on the lower sheet that corresponds to the personalization of the upper sheet wherein the personalization pattern produced on the lower sheet in the see-through window fits like a puzzle piece into the personalization pattern produced on the upper sheet.
According to an aspect of the present invention at least one upper sheet contains an irregular edge revealing an irregularly shaped personalization area of a lower sheet such that laser personalization of the upper sheet causes personalization on the lower sheet that corresponds to the personalization of the upper sheet wherein the personalization pattern produced on the lower sheet in the irregularly shaped personalization area fits like a puzzle piece into the personalization pattern produced on the upper sheet.
In the following detailed description, reference is made to the accompanying drawings that show, by way of illustration, specific embodiments in which the invention may be practiced. These embodiments are described in sufficient detail to enable those skilled in the art to practice the invention. It is to be understood that the various embodiments of the invention, although different, are not necessarily mutually exclusive. For example, a particular feature, structure, or characteristic described herein in connection with one embodiment may be implemented within other embodiments without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. In addition, it is to be understood that the location or arrangement of individual elements within each disclosed embodiment may be modified without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. The following detailed description is, therefore, not to be taken in a limiting sense, and the scope of the present invention is defined only by the appended claims, appropriately interpreted, along with the full range of equivalents to which the claims are entitled. In the drawings, like numerals refer to the same or similar functionality throughout the several views.
The herein described technology provides a mechanism for personalizing a multi-page security document, e.g., a passport, with a personalized rainbow text printed along an edge of the multi-page security document. The rainbow text is created by altering ink on a sequence of pages of the multi-page security document by “writing” the rainbow text onto the ink of the several pages that make up the sequence of pages using a multi-color laser. The ink that is altered by exposure to the laser is either offset ink already present in the pages of the multi-page document, e.g., in the form of lines that make up a guilloche security image present in the pages, or ink, such as offset or other laser-alterable ink placed on a portion of each page for the purpose of laser-alteration as described herein below.
The multi-page security document 101 further includes a special personalization section 307 that is composed of a an area along the edge of a sequence of sheets 109. This edge area may either be a portion of the edge—as illustrated in
In one embodiment, the special personalization section 307 is created by cutting out a piece of each sheet such that for each two sequential sheets the upper sheet is cut a little bit more than the lower sheet thereby revealing a portion of the lower sheet below the upper sheet. While the example special personalization section 307 illustrated in
Further, the sheet 109b includes a personalization area 503 that in turn is revealed through corresponding cutout of sheets above it in the sequence of sheets that make up the multi-page security document 101. As discussed hereinabove, the personalization area 503 may be inked with a laser-alterable ink. Alternatively, the lines that make up the guilloche 506 of the lower sheet(s) is exposed through the cutout 501 wherein the guilloche 506 is printed with a laser-alterable ink.
In an alternative embodiment illustrated in
A multi-color laser 1213 capable of radiating a controlled laser beam 1215 is used to mark the personalization sections 1211 of each of several sheets in a sequence of sheets 1219.
The multi-color laser 1213 is, for example, a galvanometer mirror laser, which has a galvanometer positioning system that accurately controls the direction of the produced laser beam. In a first embodiment, the laser 1213 is a multi-color laser such as the EKSPLA NT242 from UAB Ekspla of Vilnius, Lithuania or different lasers that produce different wavelength laserbeams, e.g., laser IR −1064, Red Laser −671 nm, Green Laser 532 nm, Blue Laser 471 nm from either Xiton Photonics GmbH of Kaiserslautern, Germany or TRUMPF GmbH of Ditzingen, Germany. In an embodiment, the multi-color laser 1213 may produce laser beams in, at least, the colors as indicated in Table 1 with the associated pulse duration:
The resulting color of the marking depends on the color of the ink, the ink material, on inked marking portion and the color of the laser pulse. Table 2 below provides examples of colors produced by laser wavelength and effect on the ink or other material in the special personalization area.
Lasers of different wavelengths have different specific effects, e.g., a particular wavelength laser could bleach only one pigment type, which could be a component of two or more different pigments included in a specific proportion in the ink composition of the personalization area 503
Alternatively, the laser is used to bleach the ink. Given original ink marking in cyan, magenta, and yellow pigment (note actual color is produced by combination of these pigments), a red laser bleaches cyan pigment, green laser bleaches yellow pigment, and blue laser bleaches yellow pigment. Alternatively, the ink may contain additives that carbonize when exposed to laser.
Alternatively, the laser is used to change the color of the ink (or paper) by thermal effect, e.g., IR laser over thermal ink (or paper) that could be reveled in different color, e.g., thermochromic ink such as those from Olikrom SAS of Pessac, France.
Alternatively, illustrated in
The hereinabove technique provides a security feature against attacks on a multi-page security document. For example, in a passport document, the sheets 109 are often used to print visas. By removing a sheet from one passport and inserting it into another, a counterfeiter may in an unauthorized manner transfer the visa to a passport of a person not entitled to the rights conveyed by the visa. However, unless the rainbow marking in the multi-page special personalization area is identical, the rainbow personalization in the multi-page special personalization area would not appear as a consistent marking.
In an embodiment, the rainbow personalization in the multi-page special personalization area is a specific data related to a particular multi-page security document. For example, in the case where the multi-page security document is a passport, the rainbow text may be the passport number and the family name of the passport holder.
Consider, for example, the markings in
While the special personalization area described hereinabove is illustrated as a regular rectangular section, in alternative embodiments, the cutouts (regardless of whether for a portion of an edge or over an entire edge) may have irregular shapes and vary from sheet-to-sheet. An example multi-page security document 1601 of such an embodiment is illustrated in
In a further embodiment, the special personalization areas include cutouts that provide windows to special personalization areas of other sheets.
The edge-personalization as described above is performed across the cutouts 1705. Consider, for example, the special personalization area 1703a, in the example of
Consider the third horizontal band, which is marked with a southwest-to-northeast diagonal hatch. Each of the sheets 1709a through 1709c have cutouts, i.e., the cutouts 1705c, 1705k, and 1705g. Therefore, the sheets underneath these sheets are all marked with the same pattern in the area exposed by the crosshatches.
Thus, with respect to the document of
As sheet 2109c is personalized with hatchmarking 2307 used to personalize the relevant portion of the second document 2101, the hatchmarking of the sheet 2109c does not match the hatchmarking 2309 that corresponds to the personalization of the first document 1701. Similarly, the cutout 2105k reveals a personalization of the sheet below 1709d, which does not match the hatchmarking 2307. Rather, the personalization of the first document 1701 at the location of cutout 2105k revealed through the window 2105k, namely, the personalization marking through the cutout 1705k and the original guilloche pattern of the original pre-personalization in the surrounding area. Furthermore, the personalization of the second document on page 2109c made through the see-through window 2105h is visible through the see-through window 1705g; namely, the personalization of the second document through the cutout 2105h. As those personalizations do not match the surrounding personalization, it easily reveals that page 1709b and 2109c do not belong to the same document. Thus, the swapping of pages is easily discerned by a person examining the first multipage security document 1701.
From the foregoing it is apparent that an efficient and secure mechanism for protecting multi-page security documents against fraud is provided by a mechanism in which unique rainbow text maybe added to multi-page security articles during a personalization phase of the multi-page security articles. This protection is particularly useful in protecting against counterfeiting attacks in which a sheet from one document is substituted for a sheet in another.
Number | Date | Country | Kind |
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19305931.8 | Jul 2019 | EP | regional |
Filing Document | Filing Date | Country | Kind |
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PCT/EP2020/068682 | 7/2/2020 | WO |