1. Field of the Invention
This invention relates to security locks and lock systems for exit doors and particularly lock systems for doors having lock bolts and a lock releasing a paddle or a panic bar that moves in a direction generally perpendicular to the plane of the door.
2. Related Prior Art Patents
U.S. Pat. No. 1,552,690; U.S. Pat. No. 1,006,211; U.S. Pat. No. 1,094,677; U.S. Pat. No. 1,282,320; U.S. Pat. No. 2,862,302; U.S. Pat. No. 2,968,506; U.S. Pat. No. 5,118,151; U.S. Pat. No. 5,290,077; and U.S. Pat. No. 6,820,905.
3. Background and Prior Art
The prior art includes locking systems specifically for exit doors that open outward usually with a push-out type panic bar that releases or withdraws one or more lock bolts, and other more general locking systems for doors and windows, such as latch mechanisms which are spring loaded and allow the door or window to close and lock automatically and have no provision for emergency exit by merely pushing an otherwise securely locked door.
Within these two locking systems are those which are custom designed to be made at the time the door is made and thus closely conform to structural peculiarities of each particular door, in contrast to a universal type of locking system which comprises components mountable to essentially any door along its locking edge remote from its hinge edge.
This invention is concerned (a) with door locking systems of the first mentioned type which allow a user to simply press the panic bar paddle in a direction generally perpendicular to the plane of the doors which thereafter automatically withdraws deadbolts from their locked position at different points of the multi-point locking system, and (b) with door locks that can be installed on most typical exit doors that are already made and hung in a door frame.
In typical multipoint exit door lock systems there is either
(a) a single long lock assembly comprising a central lock plus upper and lower locks coupled together by push rods, which is a large and awkward component, or
(b) a central lock near the center of the door and mounted along the locking edge thereto, and separate upper and lower locks mounted along same locking edge of the door above and below the central lock. Thereafter, there are installed drive rods or push rods extending from the central lock to each of the remote upper and lower locks, so that actuation of the central lock to release its lock bolt, will automatically, via the push rods, release the lock bolts of the upper and lower locks at the same time. In order for the three locks to work simultaneously and fluidly and correctly, the upper and lower locks have to be positioned and located with considerable accuracy which includes marking, drilling and finally, bolting or screwing these components onto the door. The present invention substantially prevents errors in measuring, orientation of holes, drilling and/or final installation that could contribute to failure of the door to securely lock or difficulty or inability to open the door in an emergency situation.
Prior art exit door locking systems and components thereof are capable of operating well and reliably; however, for such result they must be installed very accurately which often does not happen at the time of “initial” installation. Faulty installation may be discovered:
(a) during an early inspection before the lock is operated in a real emergency exit situation,
(b) when a person is trying to exit a building in an emergency, or
(c) after a burglar has broken in or successfully defeated the lock or compromised the door. All these situations require further labor, time and expense for correction.
Even before there are operational problems, there is an extremely serious economic problem, namely the excessive time required for many persons to install such lock systems. If the time required is excessive, the profitability of the original sale is compromised, or else, the price must be raised to cover such slow installation. This “installation time” problem exists for skilled professional installers and even more so for non-trained persons who nevertheless perform the installation.
In connection with all the above-described problems, industry records indicate a very large number of initially defective installation and/or excessive times spent on installation. Thus, there are serious security and emergency exit issues regarding doors that are supposed to represent safety and security, and significant economic issues regarding the installations of these door lock systems.
A still further issue is the lock or lock system itself and the components which include relatively heavy, bulky and expensive rigid push rods between and connecting locks.
The present invention addresses all of the above-discussed issues and provides new, unusual and very valuable solutions.
The present invention pertains to a new exit door multipoint lock and to a new installation method for such a lock. Typical exit doors open outward and have the lock mechanism on the inside surface, the lock including a panic bar or paddle that can be pushed in a direction generally perpendicular to the plane of the door and thus in the same outward direction of opening the door. Obviously, it is critically important that the lock release components of this lock mechanism operate easily and reliably for emergency exit structures, and still lock easily and securely in all other situations.
A first object of this invention is to provide a new exit door lock that can be manufactured at a reasonable cost, that is strong and reliable in operation, and that can be installed more easily and more quickly than prior exit door locks.
A further object of this invention is to provide a lock whose main or central lock module and top and bottom lock modules are permanently coupled together at the factory, so that they do not have to be assembled together “on site” where the installation of the lock on the door occurs. Thus, the number of separate parts is reduced, the time and skill for assembly is greatly reduced, and the likelihood of error in assembly and installation is greatly reduced. The remote lock bolts may be directed transversely or vertically, or in some combination.
An additional object of this invention is to replace the push or drive rods operating between the central and the top and bottom lock modules with high strength cables whose ends are fixed to the modules and protected and concealed from tampering. These cables, when extended in straight lines, automatically establish the correct predetermined distance between modules, and serve their purpose with less weight than prior push rods, and reduce the overall weight and bulk of the lock in regard to packing, storing, shipping, handling and installation.
Another object of this invention is to employ a motion translation member (“MTM”) which converts the axially inward motion of the panic bar into rotary motion that pulls and withdraw the dead bolt associated with the main lock module, and pulls and draws additional bolts associated with the top and bottom lock modules respectively to unlock all lock modules. In one typical MTM there is a shaft with an outside surface helical thread, and a plate with mating threads, such that pressure via the panic bar on the plate in the axial direction of the bolt causes the plate to rotate. Pins near the circumference of the plate rotate as the plate rotates, and each pin is coupled by a link to one of said lock bolts, for withdrawing the bolt from its respective strike plate or other recess, when the panic bar is pushed.
In the lock mechanism as described, the lock bolts of the main, top and bottom lock modules move laterally in a plane generally parallel to the plane of the door when the panic bar is pushed in a direction generally perpendicular to the plane of the door.
Concurrent with the development of this new lock with its fixed length cables having fixed end connections coupling the top and bottom lock modules to the main lock module, is the invention of a new method of installation of such a lock, the new method being more accurate, less expensive, and being usable by persons with little or no professional lock installation experience. Details of the new method are described and illustrated below, but in partial summary, the new method utilizes a special marking template that almost automatically and without possibility of error results in marking the drill hole locations for all three lock modules, so that when they are bolted onto the door, the connecting cables will be in the correct straight line configuration and tautness, and all three lock bolts will withdraw smoothly and correctly when the panic bar is pushed. In this new method of installation it is possible to use a single template which is rotated about a fixed pivot point to three different positions to automatically and accurately establish markings for all the mounting holes for main, upper and lower lock modules. The new method thus eliminates numerous potential sources of error during installation, and reduces the time and cost required for installation, and eliminates the many “call-backs” required for repair persons to adjust, fix or even re-install exit door locks.
In addition to the advantages resulting from using this new lock assembly and using this new method of installation, there is the further benefit that the locking assembly can be essentially fully assembled in the factory, since the connecting cables are permanently attached to the central and remote lock modules to establish the pre-determined fixed distance between them as earlier discussed. This means there will be fewer individual components for the installer to locate, identify, orientate, attach and obviously fewer potential errors for the installer. In addition to all these benefits, there will be a significant saving in time since the installer is no longer required to do many of the above listed steps.
Most importantly, is the fact that a non-professionally trained installer can, with this new assembly combined with this new method of installation, quickly, easily and accurately install a serious security lock and locking system.
Each of the lock modules utilizes known technology for the module housing, the axially moving locking bolt, the motion translation member component and the panic bar. What is significantly new and different herein from conventional multi-point exit door security lock systems is the combination of using cables between lock modules to transmit force in a pulling mode as opposed to rigid rods to transmit force in a pushing mode, said cables being combined with the fact that they have their ends permanently fixed to said modules to establish a predetermined fixed distance between them for ease, accuracy and speed in the later installation process.
A further feature and advantage in the new system pertains to prior art systems having a multiplicity of components for an installer to identify, organize, orient, attach and adjust. In the new system most of these steps are accomplished in advance of delivery to the installer.
When considering the above-described objects, one preferred embodiment of the new invention is defined as a multi-point lock adapted to be mounted on an exit door that is adapted to be mounted on a door frame, where said exit door is movable from its closed position to its open position, said lock comprising:
a. a main lock module and first and second remote lock modules, each of said lock modules having a housing, a lock bolt movable in its housing, and drive means to move said lock bolt between its closed and open positions, each of said lock bolts having an end part for locking engagement with said door frame,
b. two pull-type cables, each having near and remote ends where said near of each cable is permanently fixed to said main lock drive means and said remote end of each cable is permanently fixed to one of said remote lock drive means, each of said cables having a predetermined length such that there will be a corresponding predetermined distance between said main and said two remote lock modules when said multi-point lock is mounted on an exit door with said cables extended in a generally straight and taut configuration,
c. said main lock module further comprising an activation element coupled to said main lock drive means and movable between its closed and open positions,
d. whereby, in said multi-point lock, when mounted on an exit door with said cables extended and said lock bolts in their locked positions engaged to said door frame, movement of said activation means from its closed to its open position moves said main lock drive means which simultaneously (a) moves said main lock bolt to its open position, and (b) applies tension to both of said cables which causes said two remote drive means to move their remote lock bolts to move to their respective open positions, so that said exit door can open.
A further preferred embodiment of this invention is a method of installation of a lock as generally defined above. Such method includes the steps where said exit door will have sets of mounting holes respectively for said main and remote lock modules which sets are spaced apart distances corresponding to said predetermined lengths of said cables when they are extended straight, comprising the steps:
a. providing a marking template in the form of a plate having near and remote ends, said template having at or inward of said near end a pivot point, and having: (a) in the vicinity of said pivot point a pattern of holes corresponding to a pattern of holes required for mounting said main lock module to said exit door, and (b) in the vicinity of said remote end a pattern of holes corresponding to a pattern of holes required for mounting said remote lock modules to said exit door,
b. establishing a pivot point on said inner surface of said exit door at an elevation and distance from the edge of the door corresponding the desired location of said main lock module,
c. temporarily pivotally securing said template via its pivot point onto said exit door at its pivot point,
d. in any selected sequence performing the following steps (1), (2), (3):
e. removing said template from said exit door,
f. positioning said main and remote lock modules to overlie said respective mounting holes therefor and then securing said lock modules to said exit door by fastening means joining said lock modules to their respective mounting holes.
Said invention can be further defined as a method for rapid installation on an inside surface of an exit door of a multi-point lock, comprising the steps:
a. providing a multi-point lock comprising a main lock module and upper and lower modules each of which is coupled to said main lock module by a pull-type cable of predetermined length which establishes a predetermined distance between said main and remote lock modules when said cables are extended in a generally straight configuration,
b. establishing on said inside surface of said exit door a pivot point that is intermediate the top and bottom of the door and near the locking edge of said door,
c. employing a template having opposite ends, a pivot point near one end and a pattern of holes at the other end, to mark said exit door for a pattern of mounting holes for said remote lock modules said predetermined distance from said pivot point, positioning said main and remote lock modules adjacent their respective mounting hole patterns and with said cables extended axially, and attaching said lock modules via said hole patterns to said exit door.
While the new invention disclosed herein will be most commonly applied to exit doors that are pivoted outward about a vertical axis, the invention may also be applied to exit doors which slide horizontally or vertically relative to the door frame. Furthermore, the new lock assembly may be mounted within a door structure as opposed to being mounted on an exposed surface.
The above-described and other advantages of the invention will be further understood and appreciated by those skilled in the art by reference to the following written specification, claims and appended drawings.
While the invention has been described in conjunction with several embodiments, it is to be understood that many alternatives, modifications, and variations will be apparent to those skilled in the art in light of the foregoing description. Accordingly, this invention is intended to embrace all such alternatives, modifications, and variations which fall within the spirit and scope of the appended claims.
For convenience and clarity in describing these embodiments, similar elements or components appearing in different figures will have the same reference numbers.
One currently used motion and force translation mechanism is shown schematically in
As seen in
As described earlier, and as illustrated in
As described above, the new exit door lock 10 comprises main and top and bottom lock modules 14, 16, 18 and cables 16A, 18A, bolts 22, 24, 28 coupled to respective lock modules, panic bar 20 and motion translation members within each of the lock modules. Further, as described, cables 16A, 18A have predetermined fixed length with ends fixed to respective lock modules. The materials and manufacturing methods for making these components of lock 10 are well known in the prior art, with strength and environmental conditions affecting the selection of materials.
The second aspect of the present invention is the new method of installation of lock 10 as described herein. A principal element required in the new method is marking template 50 seen in
The new method of installation proceeds as follows. Per
Per
Per
Per
Per
A key aspect of the new lock is the pre-assembly of main and remote lock modules 14, 16, 18 with cables 16A, 18A of predetermined fixed lengths, with ends of cables 16A, 18A secured to the various lock modules at the time of manufacture, so that the installer receives a lock assembly of main and remote lock modules that requires no finding, analyzing and assembling of principal components. A key aspect of the new method of installation is the use of the new template 50 which is rotated to various positions for automatically and accurately locating all relevant drill holes of the separate lock modules. In the installation method illustrated the door frame establishes the easy-to-use reference line for the template used to locate all the mounting holes.
It should be apparent to a person of ordinary skill in the art that there exist a variety of mechanisms for converting the outward motion of the panic bar into forces to withdraw the various lock bolts, including solenoids, various electrical motors, hydraulics, etc. Also, the panic bar, while typically being a “push-out” type frequently required by regulations, could also be “push-down” or other type, and furthermore could be actuated in a variety of other ways.
Although the best mode for carrying out the present invention has been described in the foregoing detailed description and illustrated in the accompanying drawings, it will be understood that the invention is not limited to the embodiments enclosed, but is capable of numerous rearrangements, modifications and substitutions of steps and elements without departing from the spirit of the invention. Accordingly, the present invention is intended to encompass such rearrangements, modifications and substitutions of steps and elements as fall within the scope of the appended claims.
This application claims priority under 35 U.S.C. 119, 120 based upon applicant's Provisional Patent Application Ser. No. 60/800,969 filing date of May 16, 2006.
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Number | Date | Country | |
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