Patent Application
20180100577
The present invention relates generally to powertrain systems and, more specifically, to a multi-pressure hydraulic control system for a dual clutch automatic transmission of a powertrain system.
Conventional vehicle powertrain systems known in the art typically include an engine in rotational communication with a transmission. The engine generates rotational torque which is selectively translated to the transmission which, in turn, translates rotational torque to one or more wheels. The transmission multiplies the rotational speed and torque generated by the engine through a series of predetermined gear sets, whereby changing between the gear sets enables a vehicle to travel at different vehicle speeds for a given engine speed. Thus, the gear sets of the transmission are configured such that the engine can operate at particularly desirable rotational speeds so as to optimize performance and efficiency.
In addition to changing between the gear sets, the transmission is also used to modulate engagement with the engine, whereby the transmission can selectively control engagement with the engine so as to facilitate vehicle operation. By way of example, torque translation between the engine and the transmission is typically interrupted while a vehicle is parked or idling, or when the transmission changes between the gear sets. In some automatic transmissions, modulation is achieved via a hydrodynamic device such as a hydraulic torque converter. However, in other automatic transmissions, modulation is achieved with one or more electronically and/or hydraulically actuated clutches (sometimes referred to in the art as a “dual clutch” automatic transmission). Automatic transmissions are typically controlled using hydraulic fluid, and include a pump assembly, one or more solenoid valves, and an electronic controller. The pump assembly provides a source of fluid power to the solenoid valves which, in turn, are actuated by the controller so as to selectively direct hydraulic fluid throughout the automatic transmission to control modulation of rotational torque generated by the engine. The solenoid valves are also typically used to change between the gear sets of the transmission, and may also be used to control hydraulic fluid used to cool and/or lubricate various components of the transmission in operation.
Depending on the specific configuration of the automatic transmission, clutch modulation and/or gear actuation may necessitate operating the pump assembly so as to pressurize the hydraulic fluid at relatively high magnitudes. Conversely, lubrication and/or cooling typically require significantly lower hydraulic fluid pressure, whereby excessive pressure has a detrimental effect on transmission operation and/or efficiency. Moreover, hydraulic fluid heats up during operation of the automatic transmission, and changes in the temperature of the hydraulic fluid result in a corresponding change in the viscosity of the hydraulic fluid. As such, where specific hydraulic pressure is needed to properly operate the automatic transmission, the volume of hydraulic fluid required to achieve the requisite hydraulic pressure varies with operating temperature. Further, where the pump assembly is driven by the powertrain system, fluid flow is proportional to pump rotational speed. Because fluid flow increases with increased rotational speed, under certain operating conditions, a significant volume of fluid displaced by the pump assembly must be re-circulated to maintain proper fluid flow and pressure requirements throughout the automatic transmission, thereby leading to disadvantageous parasitic loss which results in low efficiency.
Each of the components and systems of the type described above must cooperate to effectively modulate translation of rotational torque from the engine to the wheels of the vehicle. In addition, each of the components and systems must be designed not only to facilitate improved performance and efficiency, but also so as to reduce the cost and complexity of manufacturing the vehicles.
The efficiency of the hydraulic control system for an automatic transmission can be improved through the usage of one or more pumps with multiple output ports that feed different portions of the hydraulic control system with fluid that is at different pressure levels and different flow rates. Thus, there is a need in the art to provide a new hydraulic control system for usage with a dual clutch automatic transmission that achieves this efficiency.
The present invention provides a multi-pressure hydraulic control system for use with a dual clutch automatic transmission of a vehicle powertrain system including at least one pump having a rotatable pump member, at least one inlet region for receiving fluid to be pumped by the pump member, and at least one outlet region for outputting fluid pumped by the pump member, and a switching valve receiving at least two separate outputs of fluid pumped by the at least one pump for allowing the at least two separate outputs to be selectively combined and/or separated. The switching valve has a valve member being movable between at least three positions that produce fluid outputs having at least three fluid pressures of a high fluid pressure, a medium fluid pressure, and a low fluid pressure to one or more portions of the dual clutch automatic transmission.
In addition, the present invention is directed toward a method for controlling a multi-pressure hydraulic control system for use with a dual clutch automatic transmission of a vehicle powertrain system. The method includes the steps of pumping fluid by at least one pump having a rotatable pump member, at least one inlet region for receiving fluid to be pumped by the pump member, and at least one outlet region for outputting fluid pumped by the pump member. The method also includes the steps of receiving at a switching valve at least two separate outputs of fluid pumped by the at least one pump, the switching valve having a valve member being movable between at least three positions, and moving the valve member between the at least three positions to produce fluid outputs having a high fluid pressure, a medium fluid pressure, and a low fluid pressure to one or more portions of the dual clutch automatic transmission.
One advantage of the present invention is that a new multi-pressure hydraulic control system is provided for a dual clutch automatic transmission. Another advantage of the present invention is that the multi-pressure hydraulic control system includes one or more pumps with multiple output ports that feed different portions of the hydraulic control system with fluid that is at different pressure levels and different flow rates. Yet another advantage of the present invention is that the multi-pressure hydraulic control system includes a switching valve that allows the outputs of the one or more pumps to be selectively combined to meet the highest flow demand portion of the system. Still another advantage of the present invention is that the multi-pressure hydraulic control system enables the dual clutch automatic transmission to achieve most of the efficiency benefits of a high complexity system. A further advantage of the present invention is that the multi-pressure hydraulic control system adds only minimal additional complexity.
Other objects, features, and advantages of the present invention will be readily appreciated as the same becomes better understood after reading the subsequent description taken in connection with the accompanying drawings wherein:
Referring now to the figures, where like numerals are used to designate like structure unless otherwise indicated, a vehicle powertrain system is schematically illustrated at 10 in
The dual clutch automatic transmission 14 multiplies the rotational speed and torque generated by the engine 12 through a series of predetermined gear sets 20 (not shown in detail, but generally known in the art), whereby changing between the gear sets 20 enables the vehicle to travel at different vehicle speeds for a given speed of the engine 12. Thus, the gear sets 20 of the dual clutch automatic transmission 14 are configured such that the engine 12 can operate at particularly desirable rotational speeds so as to optimize vehicle performance and efficiency. In addition to changing between the gear sets 20, the dual clutch automatic transmission 14 is also used to modulate engagement with the engine 12, whereby the transmission 14 can selectively control engagement with the engine 12 so as to facilitate vehicle operation. By way of example, torque translation between the engine 12 and the dual clutch automatic transmission 14 is typically interrupted while the vehicle is parked or idling, or when the transmission 14 changes between the gear sets 20. Modulation of rational torque between the engine 12 and the dual clutch automatic transmission 14 is achieved with one or more hydraulically-actuated clutch assemblies 22 (not shown in detail, but generally known in the art). This configuration is sometimes referred to in the art as a “dual clutch” automatic transmission 14. An example of the dual clutch automatic transmission 14 is disclosed in U.S. Pat. No. 8,375,816 to Braford, Jr., the disclosure of which is hereby incorporated by reference in its entirety. It should be appreciated that the dual clutch automatic transmission 14 is adapted for use with vehicles such as automotive vehicles, but could be used in connection with any suitable type of vehicle.
Irrespective of the specific configuration of the powertrain system 10, the dual clutch automatic transmission 14 is typically controlled using hydraulic fluid. Specifically, the dual clutch automatic transmission 14 is cooled, lubricated, actuated, and modulates torque using hydraulic fluid. To these ends, the dual clutch automatic transmission 14 typically includes a controller 24 in electrical communication with one or more solenoids 26 (see
The pump 28 is adapted to provide a source of fluid power to the powertrain system 10. Specifically, the pump 28 provides fluid power to various locations and components of the dual clutch automatic transmission 14, as described in greater detail below. While the pump 28 is described herein as providing fluid power to the dual clutch automatic transmission 14 of the powertrain system 10, those having ordinary skill in the art will appreciate that the pump 28 could be used in connection with any suitable part of the powertrain system 10 without departing from the scope of the present invention. By way of non-limiting example, the pump 28 of the present invention could be used to direct or otherwise provide a source of fluid power to the engine 12, a transfer case (not shown, but generally known in the art), or any other powertrain component that utilizes fluid for lubrication, cooling, control, actuation, and/or modulation.
In one embodiment, the pump 28 includes a stator 30 having a chamber and a rotatable pump member 34 disposed in the chamber of the stator 30 (
Moreover, it should be appreciated that the pump member 34 could receive rotational torque from the powertrain system 10 in a number of different ways. By way of non-limiting example, the pump member 34 could be directly coupled to the prime mover 36, or one or more geartrains (not shown, but generally known in the art) could be interposed between the pump member 34 and the prime mover 36 so as to adjust the rotational speed and torque therebetween.
In the representative embodiment illustrated herein, the pump 28 is disposed in rotational communication with the prime mover 36 that is supported in the dual clutch automatic transmission 14. However, those having ordinary skill in the art will appreciate that the prime mover 36 could be realized by any suitable component of the powertrain system 10 without departing from the scope of the present invention. By way of non-limiting example, the prime mover 36 could be realized by a shaft supported in rotational communication with the engine 12 and/or the dual clutch automatic transmission 14, or the prime mover 36 could be a shaft of an electric motor (not shown, but generally known in the art).
As noted above, each pump 28 includes at least one inlet region or port 40 for receiving fluid to be pumped by the pump member 34 and at least one outlet region or port 42 for outputting fluid pumped by the pump member 34. In one embodiment illustrated in
As noted above, the present invention is directed toward a multi-pressure hydraulic control system, according to the present invention and generally indicated at 66, for use with the dual clutch automatic transmission 14. The multi-pressure hydraulic control system 66 directs or otherwise controls fluid power from the outlet regions 42 of the pump 28 to the dual clutch automatic transmission 14, as described in greater detail below. It should be appreciated that the multi-pressure hydraulic control system 66 can be configured in a number of different ways to direct fluid to the dual clutch automatic transmission 14. For the purposes of clarity and consistency, unless otherwise indicated, subsequent discussion of the multi-pressure hydraulic control system 66 will refer to a first embodiment of the multi-pressure hydraulic control system 66 as shown in
Referring now to
Those having ordinary skill in the art will appreciate that each of the circuits 68, 70, 72, 74 may require respectively different pressure and/or flow requirements. In one embodiment, the multi-pressure hydraulic control system 66 requires three different pressure levels. By way of non-limiting example, in the representative embodiment of the multi-pressure hydraulic control system 66 described herein, the clutch actuation circuit 68 and the gear shift actuation circuit 70 require a relatively high or first hydraulic fluid pressure (for example, ˜15-20 bar) for clutch and gear actuation. This portion of the system requires only a small flow rate of fluid in steady state operation, but requires large flow rates of fluid when doing clutch and gear actuations. The clutch cooling circuit 72 requires a medium or second hydraulic fluid pressure (for example, ˜2 bar) for clutch cooling. This portion of the system requires a low flow rate of fluid in normal operation. However, after high energy shift events (or launch events) the clutch assemblies 22 will require a high flow rate (up to 20 LPM) to ensure that the friction interface is quickly reduced in temperature. The gearbox lubrication circuit 74 requires a low or third hydraulic fluid pressure (for example, <0.5 bar) for gearbox lubrication. This portion of the system requires a flow rate dependent on the speed and torque that the dual clutch automatic transmission 14 is operating at.
To facilitate the competing flow and pressure requirements of the circuits 68, 70, 72, 74, the multi-pressure hydraulic control system 66 includes fluid lines, generally indicated at 76, and a switching valve, generally indicated at 78, that cooperate with the pump 28. One fluid line 76A of the fluid lines 76, also known as a main line, is disposed in fluid communication with one of the outlet regions 42 of the pump 28, the switching valve 78, and the clutch actuation circuit 68 and the gear shift actuation circuit 70. The clutch actuation circuit 68 and the gear shift actuation circuit 70 have the highest relative hydraulic fluid pressure requirements of the dual clutch automatic transmission 14. Another fluid line 76B of the fluid lines 76 is disposed in fluid communication with the switching valve 78 and the clutch cooling circuit 72. The clutch cooling circuit 72 has the medium hydraulic fluid pressure requirements of the dual clutch automatic transmission 14. Yet another fluid line 76C is disposed in fluid communication with the switching valve 78 and the gearbox lubrication circuit 74. The gearbox lubrication circuit has the low hydraulic fluid pressure requirements of the dual clutch automatic transmission 14. It should be appreciated that the fluid lines 76 could be defined in any suitable way, disposed in fluid communication with any suitable component or circuit of the multi-pressure hydraulic control system 66, without departing from the scope of the present invention.
The switching valve 78 includes a movable valve member 79 having a first position, a second position, and a third position. In this embodiment, when the valve member 79 of the switching valve 78 is in the first position, fluid power from one of the outlet regions 42 is directed to the fluid line 76A and fluid power from the other two outlet regions 42 is directed away from the fluid line 76A to provide the low or third hydraulic fluid pressure. When the valve member 79 of the switching valve 78 is in the second position, fluid power from two of the outlet regions 42 is directed to the fluid line 76A and fluid power from the other outlet region 42 is directed away from the fluid line 76A to provide the medium or second hydraulic fluid pressure. When the valve member 79 of the switching valve 78 is in the third position, fluid power from all three of the outlet regions 42 is directed to the fluid line 76A to provide the high or first hydraulic fluid pressure. The valve member 79 of the switching valve 78 is selectively moveable between the positions so as to control flow of fluid power from the outlet regions 42 of the pump 28 to the fluid line 76A. In one embodiment, the switching valve 78 is a directional valve as disclosed in DKT15046, the disclosure of which is hereby incorporated by reference in its entirety. It should be appreciated that the switching valve 78 may be used to direct some of the flow back to the inlet region(s) 40 of the pump 28 to bypass all actuation circuits 68, 70, 72. It should be appreciated that the switching valve 78 has the ability to selectively control the three outputs of the pump 28 to meet the flow and pressure demands of all portions of the multi-pressure hydraulic control system 66 while also minimizing wasted energy.
As will be appreciated from the subsequent description below, the positions of the valve member 79 of the switching valve 78 described above enable the pump 28 to selectively combine and/or separate fluid power from the three outlet regions 42 in predetermined ways so as to ensure proper hydraulic fluid pressure at the fluid line 76A under different operating conditions of the dual clutch automatic transmission 14. In the exemplary embodiment of the positions described above and illustrated in
In one embodiment, the multi-pressure hydraulic control system 66 includes a sump 80 for providing a source of hydraulic fluid to the inlet region(s) 40 of the pump 28. More specifically, the sump 80 is adapted to store non-pressurized hydraulic fluid and is disposed in fluid communication with all inlet region(s) 40 of the pump 28. However, while the multi-pressure hydraulic control system 66 depicted herein utilizes a common sump 80 for all inlet regions 40, it should be appreciated that a plurality of sumps 80 could be utilized. By way of non-limiting example, each inlet region 40 could be disposed in fluid communication with a different sump (not shown, but generally known in the art). In one embodiment, when the valve member 79 of the switching valve 78 is in the second position and/or the third position, fluid power is at least partially directed to the sump 80. Similarly, when the valve member 79 of the switching valve 78 is in the second position and/or the third position, fluid power is at least partially directed to the clutch lubrication circuit 72 and/or to the gearbox lubrication circuit 74.
In one embodiment, the multi-pressure hydraulic control system 66 includes a pressure regulator valve 88 interposed in fluid communication between the fluid line 76A, fluid line 76B, and fluid line 76C. The pressure regulator valve 88 cooperates with the switching valve 78 so as to direct fluid power from the outlet regions 42 of the pump 28 so as to accommodate the pressure and flow requirements of the circuits 68, 70, 72, 74 and ensure proper operation under different operating conditions of the dual clutch automatic transmission 14. The pressure regulator valve 88 regulates the line pressure of the fluid line 76A in responding to instantaneous clutch actuation and gear shift actuation demand. It should be appreciated that regulating and maintaining the correct line pressure by the pressure regulator valve 88 ensures the proper operation of the powertrain system 10.
Specifically, the pressure regulator valve 88 shown in
As noted above, the multi-pressure hydraulic control system 66 may include a controller 24 in electrical communication with one or more solenoid valves 26 used to control the switching valve 78. In one embodiment, the switching valve 78 is further defined with a spring-biased valve member 79 having a hydraulic switch inlet (not shown). The controller 24, via the solenoid valve 26, controls the switching valve 78, whereby the solenoid valve 26 is interposed in fluid communication between the fluid line 76A and the hydraulic switch inlet. It should be appreciated that the switching valve 78 could be of any suitable type, controlled in any suitable way, without departing from the scope of the present invention.
The controller 24, sometimes referred to in the related art as an “electronic control module,” may also be used to control other components of the dual clutch automatic transmission 14. Further, in one embodiment, the multi-pressure hydraulic control system 66 includes at least one sensor 96 disposed in fluid communication with the fluid line 76A and disposed in electrical communication with the controller 24 (electrical connection not shown in detail, but generally known in the art). The sensor 96 generates a signal representing at least one of hydraulic pressure, temperature, viscosity, and/or flowrate. The controller 24 may be configured to monitor the sensor 96 to move the switching valve 78 between the positions. In one embodiment, the sensor 96 is a pressure transducer for generating a signal representing the hydraulic fluid pressure occurring at the fluid line 76A. While a single sensor 96 is utilized in the representative embodiment illustrated herein, it should be appreciated that the multi-pressure hydraulic control system 66 could include any suitable number of sensors, of any suitable type, arranged in any suitable way, without departing from the scope of the present invention.
As noted above, a second embodiment of the multi-pressure hydraulic control system 66, according to the present invention, is shown in
Referring now to
In addition, the present invention provides a method for controlling the multi-pressure hydraulic control system 66, 166 for use with the dual clutch automatic transmission 14 of the vehicle powertrain system 10. The method includes the steps of pumping fluid by at least one pump 28 including the rotatable pump member 34, at least one inlet region 40 for receiving fluid to be pumped by the pump member 34, and at least one outlet region 42 for outputting fluid pumped by the pump member 24. The method also includes the steps of receiving at the switching valve 78 at least two separate outputs of fluid pumped by the at least one pump 28, the switching valve 78 having a valve member 79 being movable between at least three positions, and moving the valve member 79 between the at least three positions to produce fluid outputs having a high fluid pressure, a medium fluid pressure, and a low fluid pressure to one or more portions of the dual clutch automatic transmission 14. It should be appreciated that the method includes other steps corresponding to the functions described above for the multi-pressure hydraulic control system 66, 166.
The present invention has been described in an illustrative manner. It is to be understood that the terminology which has been used is intended to be in the nature of words of description rather than of limitation.
Many modifications and variations of the present invention are possible in light of the above teachings. Therefore, within the scope of the appended claims, the invention may be practiced other than as specifically described.
The present application claims priority to and all the benefits of U.S. Provisional Patent Application No. 62/148,778, filed on Apr. 17, 2015, which is hereby expressly incorporated herein by reference in its entirety.
| Filing Document | Filing Date | Country | Kind |
|---|---|---|---|
| PCT/US2016/026908 | 4/11/2016 | WO | 00 |
| Number | Date | Country | |
|---|---|---|---|
| 62148778 | Apr 2015 | US |
