Patent Application
20240157594
The invention relates to a multi-profile milling apparatus for machining workpieces as well as a machining device.
DE 19 915 672 A1 discloses a multi-profile milling apparatus for machining workpiece edges. This multi-profile milling apparatus comprises two milling devices each having a milling tool with different machining profiles. In this regard, a first milling device is arranged in an operating position so as to machine the workpiece edge with a first machining profile. A second milling device can be moved axially with respect to the first milling device between a resting position and an operating position, whereby the machining profile of the second milling device superimposes the machining profile of the first milling device for the machining process. The setting movement of the second milling device is performed via a coupling fork that is controlled by a pneumatic cylinder. In order to lock the second milling device during the machining process, it is positioned without play, in particular in the operating position, by means of a hydraulic clamping device. Such a hydraulic clamping device has a complex structure and increases the costs of said multi-profile milling apparatus.
The invention is based on the object of proposing a multi-profile milling apparatus which has a simplified structural configuration and enables flexible integration into a machining device. Moreover, the invention is based on the object of proposing a machining device which has a high operational reliability in multi-profile milling machining.
A multi-profile milling apparatus is defined in claim 1. A machining device is defined in claim 14. Dependent claims relate to specific embodiments.
The object is solved by a multi-profile milling apparatus for machining workpieces that are preferably made of wood, wood materials, plastic, composite material and/or the like, in particular for machining edges of the workpieces, having a first milling device which is provided in an operating position and can be coupled to a drive shaft, and having at least one second milling device which is movable relative to the first milling device between a use position and a non-use position, wherein a locking device having at least one centrifugal element is provided and the at least one centrifugal element locks the at least one second milling device in the use position or the non-use position during a rotating movement of the milling devices.
With such a multi-profile milling apparatus, workpieces, in particular edges of workpieces, can be machined with different machining profiles, for example different radii or chamfers. This is achieved in that the second milling device is axially movable with respect to the first milling device, whereby a superimposition of the different machining profiles is provided for the machining process. By means of the at least one centrifugal element of the locking device, a fixation of the second milling device is thus provided in that the centrifugal element due to the centrifugal force created during the rotating movement locks the second milling device in the use position or the non-use position. The multi-profile milling apparatus moreover enables multi-profile machining of a circumferential edge on the workpiece, for example the circumferential edge limiting the narrow side of a plate-shaped workpiece.
A preferred embodiment of the multi-profile milling apparatus can provide that the first milling device and the at least one second milling device are arranged coaxially with respect to each other and the locking device is arranged to act between the milling devices.
Due to the coaxial arrangement of the two milling devices, a simple structural configuration of the multi-profile milling apparatus can be achieved, in which the second milling device is provided so as to be axially movable with respect to the first milling device. As the locking device acts between the milling devices, a compact configuration can moreover be achieved.
In a further preferred embodiment of the multi-profile milling apparatus, it can be provided that the at least one second milling device is axially displaceable and non-rotatably coupled to the first milling device.
In this way, a torque transmitted to the first milling device can be transmitted to the second milling device and, at the same time, the axial movability of the second milling device between the use position and the non-use position can be enabled.
An advantageous embodiment of the multi-profile milling apparatus can moreover provide that the locking device has at least two centrifugal elements, wherein at least one first centrifugal element locks the second milling device in the use position and at least one second centrifugal element locks the second milling device in the non-use position.
At least one centrifugal element each can thus be provided for locking the second milling device in the use position or in the non-use position, so that the second milling device is securely locked during the machining process.
Advantageously, the at least two centrifugal elements can be arranged in the multi-profile milling apparatus so as to be spaced apart from each other in an axial direction.
Since the at least two centrifugal elements are axially spaced apart from each other, with a defined distance between the centrifugal elements, exact positioning of the second milling device in the use position as well as in the non-use position can be provided. By keeping the axial distance between the at least two centrifugal elements as small as possible, it is also possible to create a short travel distance between the use position and the non-use position.
Particularly preferably, it can be provided in the multi-profile milling apparatus that the at least two centrifugal elements are each accommodated in a recess on the outer circumference of the first milling device, and at least one cavity is formed on the inner circumference of the second milling device, which is positioned in the use position of the second milling device to the at least one first centrifugal element and in the non-use position of the second milling device to the at least one second centrifugal element.
Apart from a particularly simple and compact configuration of the locking device, this also makes it possible that the locking device can be arranged to act directly between the milling devices. Moreover, the locking device can thus be provided so as to be protected between the milling devices, so that a reduced impairment due to dirt, dust, sawdust or the like can be achieved.
In an alternative embodiment of the multi-profile milling apparatus, it can moreover be provided that the at least one centrifugal element is accommodated in a recess on the outer circumference of the first milling device, and at least two cavities are formed axially spaced apart from each other on the inner circumference of the second milling device, wherein in the use position of the second milling device a first cavity is positioned to the centrifugal element and in the non-use position a second cavity is positioned to the centrifugal element.
With this configuration of the locking device, a reduction of the centrifugal elements can be achieved.
Advantageously, it can be provided in the multi-profile milling apparatus that at least one centrifugal element is transferred to a locking position by the rotating movement of the milling devices, in which the at least one centrifugal element is arranged in part in the recess on the outer circumference of the first milling device and in part in the at least one corresponding cavity on the inner circumference of the second milling device.
Thus, it can be achieved that the at least one centrifugal element securely locks the second milling device during the rotating movement of the milling devices and, during a standstill, releases the at least one second milling device for the transfer between the use position or non-use position.
Particularly preferably, it can be provided in the multi-profile milling apparatus that the at least one centrifugal element is configured as a sphere or as a cylindrical body, whose radially outwardly facing end face is rounded or conical.
Corresponding to the spherical or cylindrical centrifugal element, the corresponding recess can be configured as a bore with a minimally larger diameter than the spherical or cylindrical centrifugal element. Thus, axial play of the spherical or cylindrical centrifugal element can be minimized or eliminated.
A further preferred embodiment of the multi-profile milling apparatus can provide that the at least one cavity on the inner circumference of the second milling device has an inclined surface arranged on the side of the use position in the longitudinal section of the second milling device and is preferably configured in a V-shape.
Since the centrifugal element abuts the inclined surfaces of the V-shaped cavity in the locking position and exerts a radial force thereon due to the centrifugal force, the second milling device can be automatically centered in the use position and/or non-use position due to the V-shaped configuration of the cavity.
A particularly preferred embodiment of the multi-profile milling apparatus can provide that the at least one first centrifugal element in the locking position acts on the inclined surface of the at least one cavity in such a way that an axial force component is created which pushes the second milling device in the use position against at least one stopper defining the use position.
By means of this configuration, a defined axial stopper can be created for the use position, so that the second milling device can be positioned without play during the machining process. The stopper can be formed in connection with at least one stopper element between the first and the second milling device. In particular, the at least one centrifugal element is dimensioned in such a way that the axial force component generated by the centrifugal force is greater than the axial forces generated by the machining process. Moreover, it can be provided that the at least one second centrifugal element in the locking position acts in such a way on a further inclined surface of the cavity arranged on the side of the non-use position that an axial force component pushes the second milling device in the non-use position against at least one stopper defining the non-use position.
In an advantageous embodiment of the multi-profile milling apparatus, the at least one stopper defining the use position and/or the non-use position can have at least one dot-shaped or cam-shaped stopper surface.
Thus, a particularly small contact surface of the stopper can be achieved, so that the possibility of reduced accuracy due to dirt, for example adhering foreign matter such as dust or sawdust, can be minimized. Preferably, the stopper is formed by three dot-shaped or cam-shaped stopper surfaces. In this way, a defined stopper plane can be formed that enables precise positioning of the second milling device in particular in the use position. Advantageously, the at least one stopper can be arranged so as to be concealed between an outer circumference of the first milling device and an inner circumference of the second milling device. In this way, the at least one stopper can be protected against dirt.
A further advantageous embodiment of the multi-profile milling apparatus can provide that the at least one stopper defining the use position is provided so as to be axially displaceable by an adjusting device.
In this way, an axial position of the stopper surfaces with respect to each other can be changeable, for example by means of an eccentric, whereby a precise axial positioning of the second milling device can be provided.
An advantageous embodiment of the multi-profile milling apparatus can moreover provide that a depth of the cavity is configured in such a way that, in the locking position, at least half of the at least one spherical or cylindrical centrifugal element is arranged in the recess.
Thus, axial play between the at least one spherical centrifugal element and the recess can be minimized since, in the locking position, the centrifugal element with the largest diameter remains in the recess. In this way, an axial movement of the centrifugal element in the locking position can be prevented.
In a further embodiment of the multi-profile milling apparatus, a tracer roller can moreover be provided which is supported on the first milling device and/or the drive shaft so as to be rotationally decoupled.
This tracer roller can provide a guided movement of the multi-profile milling apparatus to the workpiece during the machining process, whereby a uniform and thus high-quality machining result can be achieved.
The object is moreover solved by a machining device for machining workpieces that are preferably made of wood, wood materials, plastic, composite material and/or the like, in particular for machining edges of the workpieces, having a workpiece support for accommodating at least one workpiece, a multi-profile milling apparatus for performing the machining process on the workpiece, a driving apparatus for driving the multi-profile milling apparatus as well as a conveying device for bringing about a relative movement between the workpiece and the multi-profile milling apparatus, wherein the multi-profile milling apparatus is configured according to one of the embodiments described above.
The machining device with such a multi-profile milling apparatus enables the machining of workpieces, in particular edges of workpieces, with different machining profiles. The machining profiles can, for example, have different radii or chamfers. In this way, setup times for changing tools for different machining profiles can be avoided, thus achieving time and cost-saving machining of the workpieces.
A preferred embodiment of the machining device can provide that a setting device is provided that controls a setting movement of the at least one second milling device between the use position or the non-use position.
With such a setting device, automation of the multi-profile machining can be achieved in that the setting device is controlled by a controller, for example, so that the axial setting movement of the second milling device is performed depending on the machining profile to be created.
In a further advantageous embodiment of the machining device, a sensor device can be provided which detects a setting position of the at least one second milling device.
Such a sensor device enables the precise detection of the setting position of the second milling device, so that control of the machining process can be enabled by the detection signal.
Further features and advantages of a device, a use and/or a method will be apparent from the following description of embodiments with reference to the accompanying drawings. In these drawings,
Identical reference numbers used in different figures designate identical, corresponding or functionally similar elements.
The machining device 20 can be any machine tool for machining workpieces. In particular, the machining device 20 is configured as a wood-machining device. The machining device 20 can be configured as a pass-through machine or as a stationary machine tool. In a pass-through machine, the machining of the workpieces is performed in a continuous process, wherein the workpieces are moved through a transport device relative to the multi-profile milling apparatus 10. Moreover, the multi-profile milling apparatus 10 can be movably arranged by a setting device in an X-, Y- and/or Z-direction relative to the workpiece. In a stationary machine tool, the workpiece can be held stationary and the multi-profile milling apparatus 10 can be movable by a setting device relative to the workpiece. The machining device can also be configured as a CNC-controlled machining device or a CNC-controlled machining center.
The workpieces to be machined are in particular workpieces that are made at least in part of wood, wood materials, plastic, composite material or the like. These can be different workpieces, for example solid wood boards or chipboards, lightweight boards, sandwich boards, skirting boards, profiles or the like. Preferably, the workpieces are plate-shaped workpieces. However, the present invention is not limited to the machining of such workpieces and materials.
The multi-profile milling apparatus 10 comprises a first milling device 11, a second milling device 12 and a tracer roller 26. The two milling devices 11, 12 are each formed by a basic body arranged coaxially with respect to each other and rotatable about a joint rotation axis R. The milling devices 11, 12 each form an essentially rotationally symmetrical body.
The first milling device 11 can be non-rotatably coupled to a drive shaft 13 for transmitting a torque, for example by a screw connection. The first milling device 11 and the drive shaft 13 can also be formed integrally. The drive shaft 13 can be coupled to a driving apparatus of the machining device 20 by means of an interface not illustrated in detail. The drive shaft 13 can also be a component of the machining device 20 and be non-rotatably coupled to the first milling device 11 via an interface.
The second milling device 12 is provided coaxially to the first milling device 11 and arranged with an inner circumference 14 on an outer circumference 16 of the first milling device 11. The outer circumference 16 of the first milling device 11 and the inner circumference 14 of the second milling device 12 are at least sectionally configured in parallel to the joint rotation axis R. Thus, the second milling device 12 is provided on the outer circumference 14 of the first milling device 11 so as to be axially displaceable to the first milling device 11. A torque introduced via the drive shaft 13 can be transmitted to the second milling device 12 via the first milling device 11, so that the two milling devices 11, 12 are in sync. The synchronization can be realized, for example, by a driver or a shaped profile. Thus, the second milling device 12 is both axially displaceable and non-rotatably coupled to the first milling device 11.
On an end face of the first milling device 11, a first milling tool 18 is provided which forms a first machining profile 19 for machining the workpiece. In particular, the first machining profile 19 is configured as a defined milling radius or a defined milling chamfer for machining the workpiece edge. The first milling tool 18 can be detachably fastened on the first milling device 11 by a fastening means. The first milling tool 18 is arranged in a fixed operating position and, by a rotating movement about the rotation axis R and a relative movement between the workpiece and the multi-profile milling apparatus 10, mills an edge of the workpiece with regard to the corresponding first machining profile 19.
On an end face of the second milling device 12, which is allocated to the first milling tool 18, a second milling tool 21 is provided that forms a second machining profile 22 for machining the workpiece. In particular, the second machining profile 22 is configured as a milling radius or milling chamfer deviating from the first machining profile 19. The second machining profile 22 of the second milling tool 21 can have a smaller milling radius than the first machining profile 19 of the first milling tool 18. The second milling tool 21 can be fastened on the second milling device 12 by a fastening means.
Moreover, the multi-profile milling apparatus 10 comprises the tracer roller 26 for performing a guided machining process. During the machining process, said roller rolls with an outer circumference over a workpiece surface adjacent to the workpiece edge and thus guides the multi-profile milling apparatus 10 to the workpiece. The tracer roller 26 is supported on the first milling device 11 so as to be rotationally decoupled, for example by means of one or more roller bearings. Thus, the tracer roller 26 can perform the rolling movement over the workpiece surface irrespective of the rotating movement of the milling devices 11, 12. The tracer roller 26 can be supported, for example, in an end face bore in the first milling device 11. The first and the second milling device 11, 12 have the same basic diameter, so that the machining process can be carried out with each of the milling devices 11, 12 in interaction with the tracer roller 26.
The centrifugal elements 28, 29 are arranged so as to be spaced apart from each other in an axial direction at a distance a on the outer circumference 16 of the first milling device 11. Thus, the centrifugal elements 28, 29 are provided in two planes axially spaced apart from each other which extend perpendicular to the rotation axis R on the outer circumference 16. The distance a can preferably be provided so as to be relatively small in order to create as short a travel distance as possible between the use position 24 and the non-use position 23. For this purpose, the centrifugal elements 28, 29 can at least partially overlap in a radial plane within the distance a. In this regard, it can be advantageous to use centrifugal elements 28, 29 with as small a diameter as possible. In order to create the centrifugal forces necessary for secure locking with small centrifugal elements 28, 29, a plurality of centrifugal elements 28, 29 can be used. The centrifugal elements 28, 29 can also be made of a material with high density, e.g., hard metal. Preferably, the centrifugal elements 28, 29 are arranged on the first milling device 11 in such a way with respect to each other that an imbalance is avoided.
In the following description, it is to be noted that a plurality of centrifugal elements 28, 29 can be provided in a joint plane perpendicular to the rotation axis R on the outer circumference 16 of the first milling device 11, although only one centrifugal element 28, 29 each is described below. The centrifugal elements 28, 29 are each accommodated in a recess 31 on the outer circumference 16 of the first milling device 11. The recesses 31 are formed in particular as bores.
Corresponding to the centrifugal elements 28, 29, a cavity 32 is formed on the inner circumference 14 of the second milling device 12, which can be positioned by the axial displacement of the second milling device 12 relative to the first milling device 11 to the centrifugal elements 28, 29. The cavity 32 can be formed in an axial plane entirely on the inner circumference 14. The cavity can be a slot or a groove. It can also be provided that a plurality of cavities 32 are formed in a joint axial plane on the inner circumference 14, wherein the cavities 32 are each aligned with respect to the corresponding centrifugal elements 28, 29.
In the use position 24, the cavity 32 is positioned with respect to the first centrifugal element 28 in such a way that, during a rotating movement of the milling devices 11, 12, the first centrifugal element 28 is transferred to a locking position 33 due to the centrifugal force, in which the first centrifugal element 28 is arranged partially in the recess 31 and in the cavity 32. While the rotating movement is carried out, the second milling device 12 is thus axially locked in the use position 24.
In the embodiment of the multi-profile milling apparatus 10 according to
The cavity 32 is configured in a V-shape in the longitudinal section of the multi-profile milling apparatus 10. The depth of the V-shaped cavity 32 can be configured in such a way that the spherical centrifugal elements 28, 29 are arranged at least in half in the recess 31 in the locking position 33.
By means of the V-shaped configuration of the cavity 32 in combination with a stopper element 30 and two stoppers 15a, 15b of a recess 15 between the first and second milling device 11, 12, the second milling device 12 is centered in the use position 24 and the non-use position 23 when the centrifugal element 28, 29 is arranged in the locking position 33 during the rotating movement and abuts one of the inclined surfaces 32a, 32b of the V-shaped cavity 32. Due to this centering, the second milling tool 18 is exactly positioned in the use position 24 or the non-use position 23 during the machining process on the workpiece.
Due to the spherical configuration of the centrifugal elements 28, 29 and due to the V-shaped configuration of the cavity 32, the second milling device 12 is automatically released upon a reduction of torque or a standstill of the multi-profile milling apparatus 10, so that the axial movement of the second milling device 12 is possible.
In the non-use position 23, the cavity 32 is positioned with respect to the second centrifugal element 29 in such a way that, during the rotating movement of the milling devices 11, 12, the second centrifugal element 29 is transferred to the locking position 33 due to the centrifugal force, in which the second centrifugal element 29 is partially arranged in the recess 31 and in the cavity 32. While the rotating movement is carried out, the second milling device 12 is thus axially locked in the non-use position 23.
As shown in the detailed view according to
The locking device 27 of said first embodiment of the multi-profile milling apparatus 10 can alternatively be configured in such a way that the second milling device 12 is locked in the non-use position 23 by the contact of the second centrifugal element 29 with both inclined surfaces 32a, 32b of the cavity 32. In this case, it is not provided that the stopper element 30 touches the stopper 15b in the non-use position 23.
In this embodiment, the centrifugal elements 28, 29 are configured cylindrically with a conical end face. The cylinder shape makes it possible to increase the mass and thus the centrifugal force compared to spherical centrifugal elements 28, 29 with the same diameter. However, the centrifugal elements 28, 29 can be configured as a sphere also in this embodiment. The spherical centrifugal elements 28, 29 of the first embodiment of the multi-profile milling apparatus 10 can also be configured as such cylindrical centrifugal elements 28, 29.
Both in the use position 24 (
In this regard, an axial limitation of a maximum travel distance is thus provided in the direction of the use position 24 by a contact of the second milling device 12 with a step of the first milling device 11. In the direction of the non-use position 23, an axial limitation of the travel distance of the second milling device 12 is provided by a further step 17 that is configured, for example, in the form of a circlip.
As an alternative to the limitation of the axial travel distance by the step 17 as well as the further step, a stopper element 30 can be provided on the second milling device 12 in analogy to the first embodiment, the travel distance of which is limited by the stopper surfaces 15a, 15b of the recess 15. In this embodiment, however, the stopper element 30 is exclusively provided for limiting the maximum travel distance and not for positioning the second milling device 12 in the use position 24 or the non-use position 23.
In order to axially move the second milling device 12 between the non-use position 23 and the use position 24, a setting device 35 can be provided on the machining device 20, which controls the axial setting movement. The setting device 35 can be configured both by mechanical means or pneumatic means or by an electric or magnetic drive. As shown in
In addition, the machining device can have a sensor device 34 (
It is apparent to the person skilled in the art that individual features described in different embodiments can also be implemented in a single embodiment, provided that they are not structurally incompatible. Similarly, various features described in the context of a single embodiment may also be provided in several embodiments either individually or in any suitable sub-combination.
| Number | Date | Country | Kind |
|---|---|---|---|
| 10 2021 106 485.6 | Mar 2021 | DE | national |
| Filing Document | Filing Date | Country | Kind |
|---|---|---|---|
| PCT/EP2022/056647 | 3/15/2022 | WO |
