Claims
- 1. A multiple-shaft extruder with at least two shafts for compounding and/or molding an elastomer laced with filler, in particular rubber, with at least one softener and/or additives, wherein the extruder has the following one after the other in the direction of product transport:
a feed zone (2), in which the elastomer along with the softener and/or the additives are metered; a masticating/plasticizing zone (4) with at least one kneading element (8, 10), in which the elastomer along with the softener and/or the additives is transferred to a pourable, coherent mixture (compound); and a dispersing zone (6) with at least one additional kneading element (8, 10), in which the filler is comminuted and distributed in the elastomer, characterized in that
a gap with a gap width Z of about {fraction (1/100)} to about {fraction (1/10)} of the kneading element diameter D is present between the comb (8a, 8b, 10a, 10b) of the kneading elements (8, 10) and the interior casing wall (9) of the extruder.
- 2. The extruder according to claim 1, characterized in that the width of the gap and speed range of the shafts carrying the kneading elements are designed in such a way as to achieve shearing rates of about 10/s to about 3000/s, in particular between 30/s and 1000/s.
- 3. The extruder according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that a metering device (12, 13) is provided for metering in softener and/or additives in the conveyor-upstream end area (2a) of the feed zone (2).
- 4. The extruder according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that a metering device (12, 13, 14, 15) is provided for metering in softener and/or additives along the product conveying direction distributed over at least a partial area (2a, 2b, 2c) of the feed zone (2).
- 5. The extruder according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the masticating/plasticizing zone (4) and/or the dispersing zone (6) each have a vent (16, 18).
- 6. The extruder according to claim 5, characterized in that the feed zone (2) or the conveying area has a device for the metered supply of water.
- 7. The extruder according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the masticating/plasticizing zone (4) as well as the dispersing zone (6) each have a kneading block consisting of numerous kneading disks (41, 42, 43, . . . or 61, 62, 63, . . . ) adjacent in an axial direction.
- 8. The extruder according to claim 7, characterized in that the width B of the kneading disks ranges from between {fraction (1/6)} of the diameter D and about 1 diameter D of the kneading disks (41, 42, 43, . . . , 61, 62, 63, . . . ).
- 9. The extruder according to claim 7 or 8, characterized in that the adjacent kneading disks (41, 42, 43, . . . or 61, 62, 63, . . . ) are each offset by 90° relative to each other.
- 10. The extruder according to claim 7 or 8, characterized in that the adjacent kneading disks are offset by less than 90° in the rotational direction (returning), or by less than 90° opposite the rotational direction (conveying).
- 11. The extruder according to one of claims 7 to 10, characterized in that the maximum diameter D of the kneading disks (41, 42, 43, . . . ; 41*, 42*, 43*, . . . ) of the masticating section (4′; 4*) decreases along the product conveying direction.
- 12. The extruder according to one of claims 7 to 11, characterized in that the maximum diameter D of the kneading disks (61, 62, 63, . . . ; 61*, 62*, 63*, . . . ) of the dispersing section (6′; 6*) decreases along the product conveying direction.
- 13. The extruder according to one of claims 7 to 10 or according to claim 12, characterized in that the maximum diameter D of the kneading disks (41, 42, 43, . . . ; 41*, 42*, 43*, . . . ) of the masticating section (4′; 4*) increases along the product conveying direction.
- 14. The extruder according to one of claims 7 to 11 or according to claim 13, characterized in that the maximum diameter of the kneading disks (61, 62, 63, . . . ; 61*, 62*, 63*, . . . ) of the dispersing section (6′; 6*) increases along the product conveying direction.
- 15. The extruder according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the diameter of each respective kneading disk (41, 42, 43, . . . ; 41*, 42*, 43*, . . . ; 61, 62, 63, . . . ; 61*, 62*, 63*, . . . ) varies at different axial positions along its width.
- 16. The extruder according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the feed zone (2) or conveying area is at least as long as the sum of lengths of the masticating/plasticizing zone (4) and the dispersing zone (6).
- 17. The extruder according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the feed zone (2) has distributive or non-tightly-combing elements.
- 18. The extruder according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the multiple-shaft extruder is a ring extruder (30), which has both a casing and a core cooling system (31, 32).
- 19. The extruder according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the extruder has a shaping device at its conveyor-downstream end.
- 20. The extruder according to claim 19, characterized in that a discharge apparatus is provided between the conveyor-downstream extruder end and the shaping device.
- 21. A procedure for compounding and/or molding an elastomer laced with filler, in particular rubber, with a softener and/or additives, by means of an extruder according to one of claims 1 to 20, wherein the procedure involves the following steps:
Metering in the elastomer as well as the softener and/or the additives; Masticating/plasticizing the product with at least one kneading element, wherein the elastomer is brought into the state of a pourable, coherent mixture along with the softener and/or the additives; and Dispersing the product with at least one other kneading element, wherein the filler in the elastomer is comminuted and distributed, characterized in that the shafts carrying the kneading elements are operated in such a way as to achieve shearing rates of about 10/s to about 3000/s, in particular between 30/s and 1000/s, between the combs of the kneading elements and the interior casing wall.
- 22. The procedure according to claim 21, characterized in that the softener and/or the additives are metered in in a conveyor-upstream end area (2a) of the feed zone (2).
- 23. The procedure according to claim 21, characterized in that he softener and/or the additives are metered in distributed along the product conveying direction over at least a partial area (2a, 2b, 2c) of the feed zone (2).
- 24. The procedure according to claim 23, characterized in that the softener and/or the additives are metered in in a conveyor-downstream partial area (2c) of the feed zone (2).
- 25. The procedure according to one of claims 21 to 24, characterized in that degasification takes place in the area of the masticating/plasticizing zone (2) and/or the dispersing zone (4).
- 26. The procedure according to one of claims 21 to 25, characterized in that water is metered in in the area of the feed zone (2).
- 27. The procedure according to one of claims 21 to 26 with the use of an extruder according to claim 18, characterized in that both the casing and the core of the multiple-shaft extruder (30) are cooled.
- 28. The procedure according to one of claims 21 to 27, characterized in that the product is discharged at the conveyor-downstream end of the extruder.
- 29. The procedure according to claim 28, characterized in that the product is shaped after the product has been discharged.
- 30. The procedure according to one of claims 21 to 29, characterized in that parts of the additives and/or softeners are already integrated in the elastomer to be compounded or molded.
Priority Claims (1)
Number |
Date |
Country |
Kind |
100 50 295.4 |
Oct 2000 |
DE |
|
CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATION
[0001] This application claims priority of International Application No. PCT/CH01/00336, filed May 30, 2001 and German Application 100 50 295.4, filed Oct. 10, 2000, the complete disclosures of which are hereby incorporated by reference.
PCT Information
Filing Document |
Filing Date |
Country |
Kind |
PCT/CH01/00336 |
5/30/2001 |
WO |
|