Patent Application
20230299993
The present subject matter relates to gateway devices and/or programming for such devices that provide application services for a user premises and for associated endpoint devices, wherein to facilitate management of the application services, wherein service access if provided to a user via voice commands.
The digital home is now becoming more complex with the myriad of new and emerging digital devices intended to address many user and consumer needs such as communication, entertainment, privacy and security, etc. However, given the complexity of the emerging digital home and digital environments generally, users who are technologically challenged may find it a daunting and intimidating task to manage their home networks and interconnected digital devices. Moreover, new paradigms are emerging oriented to delivering media content to and the consuming of media content at the home. Many of these paradigms rely on communication of application specific data to and/or from the Internet, as opposed to conventional telephone or broadcast video type applications. The protection of received Internet-sourced media content in addition to user-generated media content is additionally an important aspect that may be inadequately addressed by the technologically challenged user. Furthermore, with respect to Internet based data, most of the content delivery solutions are provided to the digital home networks through availability of the “two-foot” interface (i.e. the PC). It is relatively cumbersome to bring this content to the “ten-foot” interface (e.g. the television).
Thus, a need exists for a technique or devices to simplify the overall management of services and applications available to the digital home or even the small enterprise. Such a technique or devices would reduce the complexity of the maintenance, upgrading, and operation of even the more basic needs addressed by emerging digital endpoint devices and networks. Approaches that suggest greater functionality in home-based appliances fail to reduce or address the complexity of managing and provisioning those appliances. For example, while the home gateway server appliance described in U.S. Pat. No. 6,930,598 enables networked electronic devices to communicate with each other without the direct interaction with external networks, and provides a mechanism whereby a member of the household may be informed of certain network related events without having to use their home computer or other client devices, it does not provide a convenient or simplified way of managing the services and applications executed by, or associated with, that device. Thus, an unmet need exists for a device associated with a user premises that has robust functionality but does not require sophisticated or inordinate attention from the user to manage, provision, and utilize them.
In practice, a customer typically subscribes to basic transport services from a network “Service Provider” (e.g. ISP-Internet Service Provider, cable provider, fixed wireless providers, ILEC—Incumbent Local Exchange Carrier, or CLEC—Competitive Local Exchange Carrier). For example, a customer may have broadband Internet access, via cable modem, digital subscriber line service or the like. Digital video service may be provided separately. The network service provider manages these basic services, at the logical network layer, typically at layers 1, 2 or 3 of the OSI model. While network services and associated devices may operate minimally at those levels, they operate at those levels only to support operations at OSI layers 1, 2 or 3. Many applications, however, involve higher level service logic for applications that view the network transport as a transparent pipe. The current internet applications delivery and management architecture, and many devices or management systems based on it, require a server with robust processing and storage capability to be located at the network operations center, not in the home. For voice over internet protocol (VoIP) type telephone service, for example, the VoIP service provider operates a session initiation protocol (SIP) server or the like, and each user has only client functionality. The network transport layers are transparent to the IP packets containing the voice and related signaling. The SIP server, however, controls the call set-up, tear-down, billing and the like for the voice call services. With such an architecture, the major capabilities and functionalities connected with providing application services from the server throughout the network reside on the server and supporting elements, all of which are located in the network operations center.
It might be helpful to walk through examples of the configuration for application services delivery to a client of an application within a user premises under the typical, current network configuration.
The separation between the managed Service Provider Network (WAN side) and the User Premises Network (LAN side) is depicted as the Network Service Provider Demarcation. The Network Service Provider Demarcation at the Network Interconnect Layer represents the logical and physical separation between the user premises and the broad-band network. In the present representation of the three functional layers, the Network Service Provider Demarcation is extended into the Services and Application Layer to emphasize the functional barrier at that layer between the Service Provider Network and the User Premises Network, in currently configured networks.
The NI Layer depicts how the connectivity between a User Premises Network and the Public/Service Provider Network is established. On the Service Provider Network side, the Wide Area Network services are terminated onto a WAN termination device with the appropriate interface (e.g. a Broadband internet service such as ADSL would terminate on to a managed ADSL Terminal Adapter). The WAN termination layer adapts the WAN interface into a compatible LAN interface (e.g. Ethernet or WiFi). On the User Premises Network side the LAN Termination interfaces are used to connect to the Local Area Network via a variety of interfaces, such as Ethernet, WiFi, MOCA, etc.
The LAN Termination interfaces and the WAN Termination interface could reside on two separate physical devices or they could reside on one physical device. In either case, on the User Premises Network side, packets or data must flow through the NF Layer between the WAN Termination Interface and the LAN Termination Interface. One or both of these interfaces may reside on a “gateway” device. Gateway and like router devices are currently available for various premises that allow several computers to communicate with one another and to share a broadband Internet connection. These devices function as routers by matching local network addresses and the hostnames of the local computers with the actual networking hardware detected. As gateways, these devices translate local network addresses to those used by the Internet for outgoing communications, and do the opposite translation for incoming packets.
The User Premises NF Layer allows for switching of packets between LAN devices and routing or bridging of packets between the LAN and WAN interfaces. It could physically reside on the same device(s) with the LAN Termination or it could exist at an independent device that could interconnect to the LAN Termination interface via a variety of physical interfaces (e.g. Ethernet, MOCA, etc.). The Service Provider NF Layer provides the Wide Area Network access between the WAN Termination device and the AS Layer where all the applications servers are being hosted. The Internet could be used for this connectivity as could a private packet/cell network (e.g. Cellular packet network, or a private ATM or packet backbone).
The AS Layer represents the functional layer that provides access to applications services by application clients. On the User Premises side, the AS Layer provides a Firewall to protect the application client from application level attacks from the open Internet. On the Service Provider side, the AS Layer encompasses application services such as Parental Control, Backup, and Call Processing. These application services exist on a managed Application Service Delivery Platform (ASD) on a secure network server that can be hosted at a facility that has private and or public data connection paths. The ASD may include three functional modules, namely the Application Service Enforcement (ASE) module, the Application Service Logic (ASL) module, and the Application Service Management (ASM) module.
The ASE module is responsible for enforcing the relevant Application Client privileges to the application services. It gets the policies and permissions of each application client from the ASM module (such as provisioning data and subscription data) and enforces those policies against the requested actions by the client application.
The ASL module executes the application services that the Application Clients request. Such services could be Call Processing, Parental Control, Peered Networking, Backup, etc. The ASL module must interact with the ASM module for monitoring purposes and status information such as Call Data Recording and Billing. It must also interact with the ASE module to provide access to the client applications that have passed the policy enforcement procedures.
The ASM module, as described above, provides the necessary data to the ASE and ASL modules for them to carry out their respective functions. It also oversees the overall integration and communication among all the modules and the services that are managed by the ASM. The ASM also manages the overall security and integrity of the ASD.
All ASD modules are in constant communication with each other, preferably through secure connections. The inter-module communication may be managed by the ASM, or may be independent of a central management function. Note that the ASE, ASL and ASM modules are only examples of functions that may be logically bundled; other bundles, and other means of bundling these functions, are possible.
In the logical hierarchy, such as shown in
With the paradigm discussed above relative to
Thus, as new services come to the fold, often with the requirement of new equipment, e.g. integrated access devices (IADs) for VoIP and set-top boxes for streaming video, the management of the customer premises equipment (both hardware and software) complicates customer support requirements. Managing the home network environment can be an inhibitor to the adoption of new services, both from the user perspective and from the perspective of management by the service providers.
A need exists for a new paradigm, with improved convenience for the user and easier management for the application service provider. In that regard, it would be desirable to provide a multi-services application gateway device that provides not only a variety of IP-based communication services, but also offers a centralized management capability for application services.
The technology discussed herein may be embodied in gateway devices, typically for deployment at user premises, and/or to programming for devices that may function as such gateways. Such a gateway device includes a first interface for enabling bi-directional communications within the premises; a second interface for enabling bidirectional communications extemal to the premises via a wide area network; a voice-based user interface enabling management and control of application services executed by the gateway and at least one of the associated endpoint device via voice commands from a user, and a processor coupled to the interfaces for execution of the programming to provide a managed service for one or more endpoint devices associated with the gateway device. The gateway devices are implemented in such a manner as to offer users of endpoint devices one or more application services and to implement logical demarcations.
An application gateway can include application service programming logically positioned on a user premises side of a logical network demarcation forming an edge of the wide area network at a user premises provides managed services to at least one of a user and one or more endpoint devices associated with the application gateway. The application gateway can be controlled remotely by the application service provider through a service management center and configured to execute an application service provided from the application service provider. The application gateway executes the application service at the user premises independent of application services executing on the application service provider's network. An application service logic manager can communicate with an application service enforcement manager to verify that the request conforms with the policy and usage rules associated with the application service in order to authorize execution of the application service on the application gateway, either directly or through endpoint devices. A graphical user interface rendered on a display associated with at least one of the gateway and an endpoint device for enabling management and control of application services executed by the application gateway.
An application gateway can enable multiple services including: home automation of connected devices within the user premises; home security of the user premises via connected devices within the user premises; management of video cameras and associated video data captured within the user premises; management of sensors located at or within the user premises; management of monitors at or within the user premises; home automation of connected devices within the user premises; management, including monitoring, of medical devices within the user premises; management of wired and wireless connections to endpoint devices at or within the user premises; management of digital rights utilized by endpoint devices at or within the user premises; management of context sensitive advertising that is available for rendering on endpoint devices at or within the user premises.
In a disclosed example, the demarcation in accessibility to hardware resources of the gateway device, provided by the logical service provider-user demarcation, delineates a portion of the storage accessible by a user via an endpoint device from an application service provider portion of the storage, which contains the application service programming and/or data of the application service provider. For example, the user of an associated endpoint device may be able to store and retrieve data files in the user accessible portion of the storage of the gateway device. The application service provider, in turn, can control storage and retrieval of data files in the application service provider space portion via the wide area network. However, the user of the associated endpoint device is prevented from accessing one or more of the data files in the application service provider portion. In one service application, the application service provider can allow storage and retrieval of data files in the application service provider portion via the wide area network, for other gateway devices. In a specific example, the logical location of the demarcation line separating the portions of the storage is controllable by the application service provider, from the service management center, via the wide area network and the second interface.
The programming for example may implement a number of application services. For each application service, execution of the programming causes the gateway device to provide functions in relation to a respective service for one or more of the associated endpoint devices. The functions of such an application service include application server communication with a client functionality of one or more endpoint devices, for the respective service, communicated on top of network layer communications through one or both of the interfaces. The application service logic on the user premises side may also enforce authorization, authentication, configuration, or use of the respective service via an endpoint device. However, management of the application service is based upon the communications with the service management center, via the wide area network, through the second interface.
Although based on a Client-Server architecture, the exemplary gateway devices and service management center move substantial functions performed by the typical network server into the user premises by incorporating those functions into the gateway device, but in a way that allows for the server functionality to be externally managed by the service management center, which may be operated by a third-party service provider. Moreover, the server functionality residing in the gateway device is not only located in the premises but it now resides on the premises side of the Network Service Provider Demarcation. This approach in the examples does not just move server functionality from the servers in the network operations center, where they were previously located, to the home; but it also moves the logical position of the execution of application services logic of the server to the user premises side of the Network Service Provider Demarcation and provides logical hooks to enable the external service manager to perform its function(s) on that side of the demarcation. For example, application services related to the use of one or more endpoint devices can now be provisioned, serviced, and managed on the user premises side of the Network Service Provider Demarcation, albeit by an external service management center operated by a third-party service provider. The application software architecture, coupled with the specific managed hardware implementation at the user premises, enables a single service provider to provide the network services, whereas one or more application services providers (possibly including the network service provider) can provide the applications services to the customer independently of providing the network service.
The illustrated architecture also manages the utilization of network and transport resources in the use and execution of application services in the premises. Because appreciable functionality now resides in the gateway device, and many application services may now be located and executed at or through it, with a concomitant demand on premises resources, the utilization of resources in the application or execution of application services may need to be coordinated. For example, if one or more application services are invoked at the user premises and these application services utilize resources (e.g. CPU, WAN bandwidth, LAN bandwidth, memory), an application service may compete for resources with either basic network service usage activities (downloading files from the internet, etc.) or other application services. The architecture provides for “managed application services” functions at the gateway device that monitor resource demand and usage, according to policies and priorities for management set by the service management center, allocating resources to application services based upon application service characteristics and priorities. This helps ensure a consistent, reliable user experience, even when there are multiple application services and other activities consuming resources in the home. The service management center is not involved in these functions on a real-time basis; it does, however, establish (and update) the policies and priorities that are configured and implemented in the gateway device.
By distributing the application services to the edge of the novel architecture of this network, but retaining a central management feature, the disclosed architecture addresses network computing and traffic capacity and latency challenges of providing application services at the network level. The exemplary architecture thus results in significantly reduced latency and improved reliability.
Another aspect of the architecture is that it enables the managed service provider to control hardware elements (endpoint devices) of various types located on the other side of the Network Service Provider Demarcation through the gateway, and to manage application services directed to particular endpoint devices. The robustness of the gateway device, coupled with the central management capabilities of the service management center, allow the system to register, configure, provision, and enable inter-communication among, a wide variety of endpoint devices, such as T, cell phone, radios, PC, and digital picture frames. Such a centralized management greatly reduces the burden on end users in managing their equipment or network. However, with this approach, it is relatively simple for a service provider to adapt service to a new user-premises technology.
Additional advantages and novel features will be set forth in part in the description which follows, and in part will become apparent to those skilled in the art upon examination of the following and the accompanying drawings or may be learned by production or operation of the examples. The advantages of the present teachings may be realized and attained by practice or use of various aspects of the methodologies, instrumentalities and combinations set forth in the detailed examples discussed below.
The drawing figures depict one or more implementations in accord with the present teachings, by way of example only, not by way of limitation. In the figures, like reference numerals refer to the same or similar elements.
In the following detailed description, numerous specific details are set forth by way of examples in order to provide a thorough understanding of the relevant teachings. However, it should be apparent to those skilled in the art that the present teachings may be practiced without such details. In other instances, well known methods, procedures, components, and circuitry have been described at a relatively high-level, without detail, in order to avoid unnecessarily obscuring aspects of the present teachings.
The various technologies disclosed herein move application service logic, formerly resident in a network node, into a gateway device in the customer premises. The gateway device is implemented in such a manner as to offer its user many of the applications services, such as were previously offered from network-side servers, from the user premises. A logical Network Service Provider Demarcation is formed at the edge of the wide area network at the user premises, that is to say between the wide area network and the equipment in the user premises. The application service logic resides on the user premises side of this first demarcation. The gateway device programming also defines a logical service provider-user demarcation between the user premises and the application service provider, referred to in later examples as the Applications Service Provider Demarcation. The application service programming resides on the service provider side of this second demarcation and can be controlled or managed by the application service provider, typically by communications through the wide area network. The user's access to the programming and resources between the two demarcations is limited. The application service programming only provides a logical application service interface across the Applications Service Provider Demarcation, for delivery of one or more application services to an endpoint device. The Applications Service Provider Demarcation also provides a demarcation in accessibility to hardware resources of the gateway device, whereby some hardware resources of the gateway device are on the service provider side of the logical service provider-user demarcation and are inaccessible to an endpoint device from the user side of that demarcation.
In a typical scenario, a network service provider takes responsibility for managing resources on the network side of the Network Service Provider Demarcation, leaving the user to manage everything on the premises side of that first demarcation. However, in the gateway devices discussed below, an application service provider takes responsibility and controls/manages the software and hardware resources between the two demarcations. This approach provides the application service provider with management control over resources in the premises that deliver that providers' higher layer services, and the application service provider can relieve the end user of many of the burdens of managing customer premises resources.
Examples of application services include one or more of: media delivery, content management, access control and use tracking, file sharing, and protection and back-up services of both Internet/Web-generated digital media content and user generated digital media content. The disclosed gateway device thus is configured and programmed to simplify various aspects of managing the emerging home/business digital networks including the myriad of interconnected digital endpoint devices associated with the gateway device. The endpoint devices need not reside within, or be located at, the premises to maintain their association with the gateway device. For many of the exemplary application services, the application service programming between the demarcations in the gateway device implement server functionality for interactive communication with client functionality of the endpoint devices. Application service functionality of the gateway device, as provided by this client-server interaction, is enabled/disabled and configured by the application service provider, via communications between the gateway device and a service management center via the wide area network.
In this way, the gateway device and service management center move substantial functions performed by the typical network server into the user premises by incorporating those functions between the two demarcations at the gateway device, but in a way that allows for the server functionality to be externally managed by the service management center from the network side, which may be operated by a third-party service provider. In this exemplary architecture, both the server functionality and the application services offered via the gateway device may be managed by the service management center. Moreover, the server function residing in the gateway device is not only located in the premises but it now resides logically on the premises side of the Network Service Provider Demarcation and on the service provider side of the Applications Service Provider Demarcation. In the detailed examples, the gateway device and system architecture place a set of application services on a tightly coupled (e.g. always-on or always-available basis), secure hardware platform that is externally managed.
Reference now is made in detail to the examples illustrated in the accompanying drawings and discussed below.
With reference to
The examples discussed herein also introduce a logical platform management layer to the user premises-side, which allows for inter-layer allocation of local resources. This function guarantees access between the Application Service Logic function on the user premises network and the applications service management function in the service management center by assuring that the local user premises hardware and software modules are functioning at a required state (CPU and memory usage, bandwidth usage, QoS settings, etc.) in order for the ASL to have the necessary resources to establish its required communications path to the ASM.
The platform management layer is also responsible for implementing that part of the managed application services to be performed by the gateway device. In that regard, the platform manager secures and manages the overall hardware platform, given that in this scenario, the NF layer and the AS layer reside on one hardware platform. This secure hardware platform provides a robust and secure operating environment for the AS Layer. So, to establish a secure and robust hardware operating environment, the platform manager must interface with all the layers above it and allow for bi-directional management information flow among all of the functions. For example, if the Application Client is a telephony application and the desired application is call processing, the application must first connect to the LAN termination interface (1). Then a connection must be established to the AS Layer through the NF layer (2). At this point the platform manager determines if there are sufficient resources available for this to take place on the routing and switching modules and if there is not sufficient resources on either the LAN Termination interface or the NF layer functions, it would take the necessary corrective measure to free up the required resources so that the application can execute properly (e.g. prioritize packets, throttle bandwidth, attempt to reduce noise on an RF interface, or free up time slices on a TDMA interface such as MoCA). Once that is done, the connection is established to the AS Layer (3), where the ASE and ASL, having been updated by the ASM in the network, respond instantaneously to the Application Client, completing the service request.
Application services represent functionalities, implemented in the higher layer(s) of the protocol or logical stack above the network layer(s) that may extend up to the top application layer (layer 7 of the OSI model). An application service, for example, provides application server communication with a client functionality of one or more endpoint devices, for the respective service, communicated on top of network layer communications through the interfaces. In the examples, the services are provided on a subscription service basis to users at the premises. Hence, the application service logic provides enforcement regarding authorization, authentication, configuration, and/or use of the respective service via the endpoint devices. The application service includes service and feature functions, implemented and controlled by the application service logic. Management of the application service is based on communications with the service management center via the wide area network.
The illustrated architecture of the gateway device-service management center network enables other features and capabilities that have not previously been available to the user. For instance, peer-to-peer application communication between or among gateways is possible without the need to go through, or utilize resources at, an external service management center. Communications through the service management center are also possible. In addition, given the considerable functionality present in the gateway device, and its ability to manage the various endpoint devices associated with it (as explained below), the user interface with the gateway can be presented and utilized on the home TV. Additionally, information from other endpoint devices, such as the PC, network sources (such as an RSS (Really Simple Syndication) service), may now be overlaid on the TV screen so that, for example, PC messages, or weather information, can be viewed on the TV screen, and the functionality of the PC (or other home-networked endpoint devices) can be accessed from the TV screen.
As shown by the discussion of
If configured as a standalone device, the NSP-TA device is required to have its own CPU, Memory, physical interfaces and logic control. In order for Network Service Providers to deliver managed services, they typically require a management element controlled by the CPU on the NSP-TA. To depict these logical elements residing on the hardware components,
As noted, the network service functionality is at the NI and NF Layers and generally does not extend to the AS Layer(s) beyond basic authentication, authorization and state management. As with the hardware components, the logical elements also have a Network Service Provider Demarcation as shown in
In the example, the User Network and Application Delivery Apparatus (UNA-DA), shown on the right hand side of
Programming elements of the UNA-DA in the gateway device 10 are depicted at the Application Services Layer of the UNA-DA. Certain logical elements, depicted as the Application Service Provider Managed Applications and Platform in
Hence,
As outlined above, the logical Network Service Provider Demarcation is formed at the edge of the wide area network (WAN) at the user premises, that is to say between the WAN and the equipment in the user premises. The arrows at the bottom of
As shown in
The arrows at the top of
To identify the separation of, and distinguish between, the programming and hardware components subject to control by the application service provider and those subject to control by the user premises,
There is no hard requirement for cross management between the UNDA-DA and the NSP-TA. Under this first scenario the user is responsible for making the configuration changes in the specific user controlled logic modules in order to get the two devices to communicate with each other. Optionally the two sub-systems can be combined together, either physically in one hardware device, or logically as two separate hardware devices, but having one managed interface.
As noted, the two hardware regimes described above (NSP-TA and the UNA-DA) may be combined into one managed hardware platform and, thereby, replace the need for the user to have access to the User Premises Network Interface with the logic residing in the Platform Management logic module of the Application Service Provider Managed Applications and Platform (compare to above-discussed
The composition of the premises gateway device 10, earlier described with reference to
The layers include a hardware layer 102, and device driver software 104 for allowing the processor to operate other hardware elements of the gateway device 10.
The logical elements of the NI Layer residing on the gateway device 10 are found in the Hardware Drivers 104, which govern the operation of the Hardware Components 102. The processor runs an operating system shown at layer 106, which plays a role in each of the NI, NF, AS and Platform Management Layers (
Particular logical elements comprising the ASL and ASE functionalities of the AS Layer represented in
As shown, the base support layer 102 comprises hardware components including a processor device 152, e.g. a system on chip central processing unit (“CPU”) that includes processing elements, digital signal processor resources and memory. The CPU 152 is also coupled to a random access memory or “RAM” (see
Additional hardware components include one or more Ethernet LAN and WAN interface cards 155, 156 (e.g. 802.11, T1, T3, 56 kb, X.25, DSL or xDSL) which may include broadband connections (e.g. ISDN, Frame Relay, ATM, Gigabit Ethernet, Ethernet over SONET, etc.), wireless connections, or some combination of any or all of the above. The card 155 referred to as the LAN interface card provides data communication connectivity within the user premises, essentially, for communication via a user premises network 60 with any endpoint devices operating within the premises. The card 156 referred to as the WAN interface card provides data communication connectivity for the gateway device 10 and endpoint devices communicating through the device 10, with the wide area IP network 99. For additional or alternative customer premises communications, the hardware components 102 may also include one or more USB interfaces 158; and for additional or alternative communications with the wide area network, the hardware components may also include the PCMCIA EvDO interface card 160.
A data encryption/decryption unit 162 is additionally provided as part of the architecture for providing data security features. A watchdog timer element or like timer reset element 164 is provided as is one or more LED devices 166 for indicating status and other usable information to users of the gateway device 10.
The gateway device provides an in-premises footprint enabling the service connectivity and local management to client(s). The implementation of functions and the related control such as a router (with quality of service (QoS)), firewall, VoIP gateway, voice services and voice mail may be embodied and performed within the CPU 152.
The discussion of the gateway hardware layer above and the illustration thereof in the drawings provides a high-level functional disclosure of an example of the hardware that may be used in the gateway device. Those skilled in the art will recognize that the gateway device may utilize other hardware platforms or configurations.
Continuing, as shown in
Built upon the system operating system 106 is a system services support layer 108 providing both client-like and server-like functions that enable a wide range of functionality for the types of services capable of being managed by the gateway device 10. For instance, there is provided a Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol (DHCP) client and server software modules. The DHCP client particularly requests via a UDP/IP (User Datagram Protocol/Internet Protocol (e.g. lpv4, lpv6, etc.) configured connection information such as the IP address that the gateway device 10 has been dynamically assigned by a DHCP service (not shown), and/or any the subnet mask information, the gateway device should be using. The DHCP server dynamically assigns or allocates network IP addresses to subordinate client endpoints on a leased, e.g. timed basis. A Virtual Private Network (VPN) client may communicate via a proxy server in the service control network 50, according to a VPN protocol or some other tunneling or encapsulation protocol. An SMPT client handles incoming/outgoing email over TCP, in accordance with the Simple Mail Transfer protocol. A Network Time Protocol (NTP) (RFC 1305) generates and correlates timestamps for network events and generally provides time synchronization and distribution for the Internet. A Domain Name Server (DNS) client and server combination are used by the IP stack to resolve fully-qualified host or symbolic names, i.e. mapping host names to IP addresses.
An HTTP(S) server handles secure Hypertext Transfer Protocol (HTTP) (Secure Sockets Layer) communications and provides a set of rules for exchanges between a browser client and a server over TCP. It provides for the transfer of information such as hypertext and hypermedia, and for the recognition of file types. HTTP provides stateless transactions between the client and server.
A Secure File Transfer Protocol (SFTP) client and server combination govern the ability for file transfer over TCP. A SAMBA server is an open source program providing Common Internet Files Services (CIFS) including, but not limited to file and print services, authentication and authorization, name resolution, and service announcement (browsing). An EvDO/PPP driver includes a Point-to-Point Protocol (PPP) daemon configuration for wireless broadband services. A PPPoE (Point-to-Point Protocol over Ethernet) client combines the Point-to-Point Protocol (PPP), commonly used in dialup connections, with the Ethernet protocol; and it supports and provides authentication and management of multiple broadband subscribers in a local area network without any special support required from either the telephone company or an Internet service provider (ISP). The gateway device 10 is thus adapted for connecting multiple computer users on an Ethernet local area network to a remote site through the gateway and can be used to enable all users of an office or home to share a common Digital Subscriber Line (DSL), cable modem, or wireless connection to the Internet. A Secure Shell or SSH server implemented with HTTP protocol provides network protocol functionality adapted for establishing a secure channel between a local and a remote computer and encrypts traffic between secure devices by using public-key cryptography to authenticate the remote computer and (optionally) to allow the remote computer to authenticate the user.
Additionally provided as part of the system services layer 108 is intelligent routing capability provided by an intelligent router device 185 that provides Quality of Service (QoS, guaranteed bandwidth) intelligent routing services, for example, by enforcing routing protocol rules and supporting unlimited multiple input sources and unlimited multiple destinations and, particularly, for routing communications to networked digital endpoint devices subordinate to the gateway. A central database server 183 handles all of the database aspects of the system. For example, the database server 183 maintains and updates registries and status of connected digital endpoint devices, maintains and updates service configuration data, services specific data (e.g. indexes of backed-up files, other service specific indexes, metadata related to media services, etc.) and firmware configurations for the devices. The database server 183 may also store billing and transaction detail records and performance diagnostics. The database server logic 183 also satisfies all other database storage needs as will be described in greater detail herein.
Referring back to
The features/functions in the layer 110 include a platform manager module which will implement unique rules based notification services. On operational failure, for example, when one of the components or services fails, the platform manager would detect this failure and take appropriate action such as implement a sequence of rules to provide notification to a user. A scheduler module manages scheduled device maintenance, managing scheduled services, e.g. back-up services, etc. The layer 110 also includes a diagnostics module and a firmware upgrades management module for managing firmware upgrades. A resource management module manages system resources and digital contention amongst the various resources, e.g. CPU/Bandwidth utilization, etc. A display management module and a logger management module store and track gateway log-in activity of users and applications, e.g. voice call logs, at the user premises. The platform management layer 110 in concert with resource and service management components enforces the separation of network side managed service control and user side delegations depending upon service subscriptions and configurations. For example, the platform and resource management encompass rules and guidelines provided according to subscribed services that act to enforce, manage and control input/output operations, and use of hard drives space etc. A demarcation point, logically depicted as the Application Service Provider Demarcation in
The logical platform management layer 110 allows for inter-layer allocation of local resources. This function guarantees access between the application service/management logic implemented at the higher layers in the gateway device 10 and the applications service management function in the service management center 50, by assuring that the local user premises hardware and software modules are functioning at a required state (CPU and memory usage, bandwidth usage, QoS settings, etc.). The platform manager is also responsible for implementing that part of the managed application services to be performed by the gateway device. In that regard, the platform manager secures and manages the overall hardware platform, given that in this scenario, the network function layer and the application service layer reside on one hardware platform. This secure hardware platform provides a robust and secure operating environment for the application services layer. So, to establish a secure and robust hardware operating environment, the platform management layer must interface with all the layers above it and allow for bi-directional management information flow among all of the functions.
Referring back to
Built on top of the Services Framework layer 120 is the Application Services layer 130 providing library of user application services and application support threads including, but not limited to: file sharing functionality; backup services functionality; home storage functionality; network device management functionality; photo editing functionality; home automation functionality; media services functionality; call processing functionality; voice mail and interactive voice response functionality; presence and networking functionality; parental control functionality; and intelligent ads management functionality. The multi-services applications gateway 10 further provides application service interfaces 140 that are used to enable a variety of user applications and communications modalities.
For instance, the SIP Interface 141 is an interface to the generic transactional model defined by the Session Initiation Protocol (SIP) that provides a standard for initiating, modifying or terminating interactive user sessions that involve one or more multimedia elements that can include voice, video, instant messaging, online games, etc., by providing access to dialog functionality from the transaction interface. For instance a SIP signaling interface enables connection to a SIP network that is served by a SIP directory server via a Session Border Controller element in the service management center.
The Web Interface 142 enables HTTP interactions (requests and responses) between two applications. The Web services interface 149 provides the access interface and manages authentication as multi-services gateway devices access the service management center via web services. The IM Interface 144 is a client that enables the multi-services gateway device 10 to connect to one or more specific IM network(s). As further shown in
The XMPP interface 145 is provided to implement the protocol for streaming (XML) elements via the gateway device 10, in order to exchange messages and presence information in close to real time, e.g. between two gateway devices. The core features of XMPP provide the building blocks for many types of near-real-time applications, which may be layered as application services on top of the base TCP/IP transport protocol layers by sending application-specific data qualified by particular XML namespaces. In the example, the XMPP interface 145 provides the basic functionality expected of an instant messaging (IM) and presence application that enable users to perform the following functions including, but not limited to: 1) Exchange messages with other users; 2) Exchange presence information with other devices; 3) Manage subscriptions to and from other users; 4) Manage items in a contact list (in XMPP this is called a “roster”); and 5) Block communications to or from specific other users by assigning and enforcing privileges to communicate and send or share content amongst users (buddies) and other devices.
As noted,
In the example of
The hardware layer 102 may also include an option module. The UNA-DA hardware components at layer 102 have multiple interfaces for connection to such an option module. These interfaces, by way of example, could be a data bus (e.g. PCI, etc.), network interface (e.g. Ethernet (RJ45), MoCA/HPNA (Coax)) and Power feeds. The option module allows additional functionality to be added to the base UNA-DA functionality of the gateway device. For example, this additional functionality could be everything from support for a variety of extra Wide Area Network Interfaces (e.g. xDSL, DOCSIS, Fiber (PON), Cellular Packet, WIMAX, etc.), Media Processing (e.g. Cable TV termination, Digital Video Recording, Satellite TV Termination, etc.), to Voice Processing (FXS, FXO, Speech Detection, Voice to Text, etc.). The option module may have its own standalone CPU, Memory, I/O, Storage, or provide additional functionality by its use of the CPU, Memory, I/O, and storage facilities off of the main hardware board. The option module may or may not be managed directly by the Platform Management of the UNA-DA.
Those skilled in the art will recognize that functions of the service management center, which reside in the Application Service Management node on the Service Provider Network, as depicted in
As shown in
As will be described in greater detail herein below, the service management center 50 generally provides a communications and processing infrastructure for supporting the variety of application services and related communications residing at the gateway devices 10, 10.sub.1 . . . 10.sub.n. In an exemplary embodiment, this infrastructure may be configured to provide a secure environment and may be IP-based. Preferably, this support architecture is designed for high availability, redundancy, and cost-effective scaling.
The secure platform for building and providing multiple application services for digital endpoints associated with a gateway device requires connectivity between the gateway device 10 and each of a user's devices (referred interchangeably herein as “endpoint devices” or “digital endpoint devices”). This connectivity may be provided by implementation of one or more USB ports (interfaces) 13, a wired Local Area Network connection such as provided by an Ethernet local area network (LAN) interface 16, or, a wireless network interface via a WiFi LAN access point 62 provided, for example, in accordance with the I.E.E.E. 802.11 b/g/n wireless or wireless network communications standard. These physical interfaces provide the required network interconnectivity for the endpoint devices to connect to the multiple application services. Although not shown in
That is, the gateway device 10 interfaces with digital endpoint devices including, but not limited to: a home automation networking device 20 (e.g. X10, Z-Wave or ZigBee) for wired or wireless home network automation and control of networked home devices such as a switch controller 22, sensor devices 23, automatically controlled window blinds 24, a controlled lighting or lamp unit 25 etc., individual or wired or wireless network of personal computing (PC) and laptop/mobile devices 30a, . . . , 30c that serve as file sources, control points and hosts for various other client endpoints, one or more television display devices 32 including associated set top boxes (STB) 35a or digital media adapters (DMA) 35b, one or more VoIP phone devices (e.g. SIP phones) 40, or other devices (not shown) that convert IP interfaces to PSTN FXO and FXS interfaces.
As noted earlier, the gateway device 10 may provide an interface 35b to the Digital Media Adapter (DMA) for television (TV) 32, which enables bidirectional wireline or wireless communication. This interface supports several functions for multiple services including, but not limited to: media (e.g., video and music) by enabling the transfer of media (e.g., video and music) to the TV; voice services, by providing for Called Line ID and for voice mail control; and provide Home Automation Services including status and control of networked home automation devices. The DMA element 35b converts audio and video (optionally) to a format suitable for a TV. In addition, the Digital Media Adapter 35b may be capable of receiving context-sensitive commands from a remote control device (not shown) and forwarding those commands to the gateway device 10. This enables the use of menus on the TV 32 for controlling application services and various features functions thereof, as offered by the gateway device 10. For example, the Media Adapter/TV combination is able to provide the following features including, but not limited to: display of media; media control functions, when enabled (FF, REW, STOP, PAUSE, etc.); display of Calling Line Identification (CLID); control of voicemail; picture viewing; control of home automation; and user functions for the gateway device 10.
A Set Top Box 35a as shown in
Whether provided by the DMA interface 35b and the TV 32 or by the set-top-box 35a and the TV 32, the communications to and from the TV provide a user interface for interaction with the gateway device 10. The programming of the gateway device supports, among other things, a graphical user interface (GUI) via the TV, sometimes referred to as the “ten-foot” interface.
With respect to PCs interfacing with the gateway device 10, PCs may serve as, among other things, file sources, control points and hosts for various software clients. Thus, the PC programming may work in conjunction with the ASL and ASE programming of the gateway device. Together, the PC programming and the ASL and ASE programming provide a more comprehensive and robust user experience. The gateway device 10 may further provide a bidirectional wireline or wireless interface 35c to a PC device 30b for supporting the transfer of media (e.g., video and music) to the computer for storage and viewing; for supporting voice services, e.g., by providing for calls from SIP soft clients; for file sharing, file back-up and home storage and home automation control functions. The access point 62 offers wireless data communications with a PC 30c. The gateway device interface through any PC may provide for the bidirectional moving of files, and status and control for the endpoint devices, including for example, status and control of networked home automation devices. In addition, using the PC interface, users may, for example, share files on the gateway devices, back-up or transfer files to the gateway devices or other storage; access personal page for notifications, RSS, shared photos, voicemail, etc. In addition to the IM and SIP capabilities of the gateway device, as described more below, PCs may also serve as a host for IM and SIP soft phone clients and other client devices. The client-server interaction of the PC with the application service logic of the gateway device 10 offers an alternative GUI for at least some of the services. The PC based GUI is sometimes referred to as the “two-foot” interface.
Although not shown in
As described in greater detail herein, the gateway device 10 includes both a hardware and software infrastructure that enables a bridging of the WAN and LAN networks, e.g. a proxy function, such that control of any digital endpoint device at the premises from the same or remote location is possible via the gateway device 10 using, optionally, a secure peer and presence type messaging infrastructure or other communications protocols, e.g. HTTPS. For example, via any IM—capable device or client 80a, 80b respectively connected with an Instant Messaging (IM) or XMPP (Extensible Messaging and Presence Protocol) network messaging infrastructure, e.g. IM networks 99a, 99b such as provided by Yahoo, Microsoft (MSN), Skype, America Online, ICQ, and the like, shown for purposes of illustration in
As noted above, the novel system architecture allocates the logical functionality of the ASD Platform (
For example, with the robust capabilities of the Application Service Provider Managed Applications and Platform (
For the in-home services, the multi-services gateway device 10 connects the various service delivery elements together for enabling the user to experience a connected digital home, where information from one source (for example, voicemail) can be viewed and acted on at another endpoint (for example, the TV 32). The multi-services gateway device 10 thus hosts the various in-home device interfaces, and facilitates the moving of information from one point to another. Some of the in-home endpoint device processing duties performed by the gateway device 10 include, but are not limited to: 1) detecting new devices and provide IP addresses dynamically or statically; 2) functioning as a (Network Address Translator) NAT, Router and Firewall; 3) providing a centralized disk storage in the home; 4) obtaining configuration files from the service management center and configuring all in-home devices; 5) acting as a Registrar for SIP-based devices; 6) receiving calls from and delivering calls to voice devices; providing voicemail services; 7) decrypting and securely streaming media having digital rights management (DRM) encoding; 8) distributing media to an appropriate in-home device; 9) compressing and encrypting files for network back-up; 10) backing-up files to the network directly from gateway device; 11) handling home automation schedules and changes in status; 12) providing in-home personal web-based portals for each user; 13) providing Parental Control Services (e.g. URL filtering, etc.); 14) creating and transmitting billing records of in-home devices including, recording and uploading multi-service billing event records; 15) distributing a PC client to PCs in the home, used in support of the various services such as monitoring events or diagnostic agents; 16) storing and presenting games that users and buddies can play; 17) delivering context-sensitive advertising to the endpoint device; and, 18) delivering notifications to the endpoint device; and, 19) enabling remote access through the web, IM client, etc. Other duties the gateway device 10 may perform include: service maintenance features such as setting and reporting of alarms and statistics for aggregation; perform accessibility testing; notify a registration server (and Location server) of the ports it is “listening” on; utilize IM or like peer and presence communications protocol information for call processing and file sharing services; receive provisioning information via the registration server; utilize a SIP directory server to make/receive calls via the SBC network element to/from the PSTN and other gateway device devices; and download DRM and non-DRM based content and facilitating the DRM key exchanges with media endpoints.
While the gateway devices 10 as described above are each equipped with various logic and intelligence for service features that enable the gateway devices to provide various integrated digital services to the premises, as described herein with respect to
Examples of various ASM functionalities performed at the service management center 50, from the Service Provider Network regime, include but are not limited to: service initialization of the gateway devices, providing security for the gateway devices and the network support infrastructure, enabling real time secure access and control to and from the gateway devices, distributing updates and new service options to the gateway devices, providing service access to and from the gateway devices and remote access to the gateway devices, but not limited to such. In support of these services, the service management center 50 provides the following additional services and features: authentication; multi-service registration; subscription control; service authorization; alarm management; remote diagnostic support; billing collection and management; web services access; remote access to gateway devices (e.g. via SIP or Internet/web based communications); reachability to access challenged gateway devices; software updates; service data distribution; location service for all services; SIP VoIP service; media services; backup services; sharing services; provisioning; gateway interfaces to other service providers (Northbound and peering); load balancing; privacy; security; and network protection.
The logical network architecture for the service management center network 50 delivering these capabilities is illustrated and described in greater detail in U.S. Provisional Application No. 60/882,865 Filed Dec. 29, 2006 entitled “A MULTI-SERVICES APPLICATION GATEWAY AND SYSTEM EMPLOYING THE SAME,” and of U.S. Provisional Application No. 60/882,862 Filed Dec. 29, 2006 entitled “SYSTEM AND METHOD FOR PROVIDING NETWORK SUPPORT SERVICES AND PREMISE GATEWAY SUPPORT INFRASTRUCTURE,” and the disclosures of the service management center network and its operations from those applications are entirely incorporated herein by reference.
With the gateway architecture implementing the Application Service Provider Demarcation (e.g.
As shown in
However, as further shown in
While the service center 50 is responsible for placement of service modules and data beyond the demarcation 155, the gateway device 10 is equipped with certain functional elements such as encryption techniques, local directory obfuscation techniques and local enforcement to prevent user visibility beyond the demarcation 155 that belongs to the service provider unless the user is enabled with such visibility. The intelligence and service logic that is on the gateway device 10 is managed by the service center 50 and provides the logic to limit user access.
For an example of demarcation control, if some data is required to be stored, e.g., a downloaded movie, the customer can store it locally, securely locally, or securely remotely. While it is the customer's responsibility to do storage locally and securely locally, with the virtual demarcation, the service of providing locally secure data is now part of an offering of the service provider. While the data is still on site, the data is under control of the service provider and follows service agreements for that storage of data.
As another example of demarcation control, movies may be downloaded and stored at the service provider's side beyond the demarcation 155, as requested by a user via a user interface through an endpoint device communicating with the gateway device. This user interface, enabled via the user side of the Application Service Provider Demarcation of the gateway device 10, is accessed through a PC, a TV, and cell phone. After authentication, the user could select and prioritize movies to purchase for example, in compliance with the media content service provider. The choice of interfaces and amount of visibility by endpoint devices accessing this user interface may be optimally designed from a contention standpoint from the perspective of controls, security, network service control manageability, and cost. A selected movie is downloaded to the service center's portion 156 of the storage 154 as shown in
Another example of demarcation control is the manipulation of features for a given service. Currently a subscription order is processed, and these features are manipulated within the service provider's network and sent down to the customer for provisional changes to equipment at the service center's side of the demarcation point. The location of the demarcation can be adjusted to meet storage space needs on either or both sides, as needed for various services offered to this user or even services provided to other users. Via a GUI established for the endpoint device when connected with the gateway device 10, when authenticated, files may be unlocked so the customer may locally manipulate services before and after the Application Service Provider Demarcation, thereby virtually shifting the point or location of the demarcation. Thus, a virtual demarcation allows the application service provider flexibility in offering different services and features. Examples of relevant services include, but are not limited to services such as: parental control, advertisement monitoring and replacement, home user habit monitoring, home channel monitoring, and back-up services.
In one service example, the gateway device 10 and service management center 50 provide a file management feature generally including functionality that enables a user to back-up files or content to a virtual memory storage area provided in the gateway device 10, and then subsequently forward the backed-up files to an external wholesale service provider providing the backup service. Thus, gateway storage device 10 provides the protected storage for user files and user content at its side of the demarcation point in a two-stage storage process: 1) storing the content across the virtual demarcation point (partition); and then, encrypting the content; and, 2) dispersing the stored content to other gateway devices, or at another storage location provided by the service center or by a partnered third party back-up storage service provider. This could be performed automatically, or on a scheduled basis. In such an example, after the file is encrypted (and encrypt is an option, not a requirement), the file may be moved to the Service Provider side of the Demarcation or it may stay on the user side of the Demarcation. The precise position is an implementation detail given by way of example. Also, if moved, the file could be taken out of the one partition (erased from the first partition), or it may merely “tagged” so that it has been “virtually” moved. These also are given by way of example, and those skilled in the art will recognize that other procedures may be used. The gateway device 10 knows where the pieces will be stored, based on the service configuration and subscription. Backup may be on a central host operated by the application service provider; or in an implementation discussed more below, the backup files and/or portions thereof may actually reside in the service provider's portion of storage in other gateway devices. The locations of devices that may back up content pieces are known at the network level, e.g., hardware IDs of each of the other gateway devices are known based on the unique identity of the device, and the mappings of the IP addresses of the devices that change dynamically are known at location servers provided by the service management center 50, so the location of backed-up content for a user is always known.
In a further aspect of the file-sharing service, the gateway device 10 and service management center 50 may provide a hosted service-virtual space on the centralized disk storage at the gateway device for users. Dedicated areas of user storage may be designated as sharable—including application level sharing for any application that has data. As shown in
As controlled by the management service center 50, in an alternate embodiment, the encrypted content to be stored is transmitted to at least one other gateway device 10, for storage at a location 156 beyond the respective demarcation 155 for service provider storage in the storage 154 of the other gateway device(s). If multiple other gateway devices 10 are used for this service, the user's data or files can be back-up in a distributed, safe and redundant manner on the provider's storage portion 156 of the other devices 10. That is, each file may be partitioned into a plurality of pieces for further transfer or storage in a redundant and secure manner, e.g., and transferred to the service provider portions 156 behind the virtual demarcations 155. These pieces may then be encrypted and sent out externally for further storage, automatically, e.g., at time of log-in, on a scheduled basis, or, upon user initiation.
The gateway device 10 and its interactions with various endpoint devices and with the service management center 50 have been described with reference to diagrams of methods, apparatus (systems) and computer program products. It will be understood that elements and functions illustrated in the diagrams, can be implemented by computer program instructions running on one or more appropriately configured hardware platforms, e.g. to operate as a gateway device 10 or as one or more systems implementing functions of the service management center 50. Hence, operations described above may be carried out by execution of software, firmware, or microcode operating on a computer other programmable device of any type. Additionally, code for implementing such operations may comprise computer instruction in any form (e.g. source code, object code, interpreted code, etc.) stored in or carried by any computer or machine readable medium.
Program aspects of the technology may be thought of a “products,” typically in the form of executable code and/or associated data for implementing desired functionality, which is carried on or embodied in a type of machine readable medium. In this way, computer program instructions may be provided to a processor of a general purpose computer, special purpose computer, embedded processor or other programmable data processing apparatus to produce a machine, such that the instructions, which execute via the processor of the computer or other programmable data processing apparatus, so as to implement functions described above.
Terms regarding computer or machine “readable medium” (or media) as used herein therefore relate to any storage medium and any physical or carrier wave transmission medium, which participates in providing instructions or code or data to a processor for execution or processing. Storage media include any or all of the memory of the gateway device or associated modules thereof or any of the hardware platforms as may be used in the service management center, such as various semiconductor memories, tape drives, disk drives and the like, which may provide storage at any time for the software programming. All or portions of the software may at times be communicated through the Internet or various other telecommunication networks. Such communications, for example, may enable loading of the software from one computer into another computer, for example, from the updater 51 a hardware platform for a gateway device 10 or from another source into an element of the service management center 50. Thus, another type of media that may bear the software elements includes optical, electrical and electromagnetic waves, such as used across physical interfaces between local devices, through wired and optical landline networks and over various air-links. The physical elements that carry such waves, such as wired or wireless links, optical links or the like, also may be considered as media bearing the software. Hence, the broad class of media that may bear the instructions or data encompass many forms, including but not limited to, non-volatile storage media, volatile storage media as well as carrier wave and physical forms of transmission media.
Those skilled in the art will recognize that the teachings of this disclosure may be modified, extended and/or applied in a variety of ways. An extension of the system architecture, for example, provides the ability of various and disparate third-party application service providers to provide multiple application services independently. Application services are managed by the “managed” service provider through the service management center 50, meaning, generally, authorizing, provisioning, and monitoring the usage of a particular application service. This can be accomplished in a variety of ways with varying degrees of involvement of, or coordination with, the service management center. The service management center 50 could manage these items “soup-to-nuts” or have minimal involvement. For example, the service management center 50 could deal directly with the third-party service provider to acquire application services at the request of a user and manage the delivery, authorization, usage-monitoring and upgrading of the application service. At the other end of the spectrum, the managed service provider may have arrangements with the third-party application service provider by which orders or requests from the users may come directly to the third-party application service provider, and services are delivered to the user by the third-party service provider who in turn coordinates with the managed service provider to register and monitor the particular application service placed in the gateway device 10. It should be noted that this ability to manage application services extends through the gateway device into the endpoint devices registered or associated with the gateway or network.
While the foregoing has described what are considered to be the best mode and/or other examples, it is understood that various modifications may be made therein and that the subject matter disclosed herein may be implemented in various forms and examples, and that the teachings may be applied in numerous applications, only some of which have been described herein. It is intended by the following claims to claim any and all applications, modifications and variations that fall within the true scope of the present teachings.
This application is a Continuation of U.S. application Ser. No. 14/633,449, filed Feb. 27, 2015, entitled “MULTI-SERVICES GATEWAY DEVICE AT USER PREMISES,” which is a continuation of U.S. application Ser. No. 13/618,238, filed Sep. 14, 2012, entitled “DEMARCATION BETWEEN SERVICE PROVIDER AND USER IN MULTI-SERVICES GATEWAY DEVICE AT USER PREMISES,” which is a continuation of U.S. application Ser. No. 12/521,763, filed Apr. 23, 2010, entitled “DEMARCATION BETWEEN SERVICE PROVIDER AND USER IN MULTI-SERVICES GATEWAY DEVICE AT USER PREMISES,” which is a United States national phase application of co-pending international application Number PCT/US2007/019543 filed Sep. 7, 2007, which claims the benefit of U.S. Provisional Application No. 60/882,865, filed Dec. 29, 2006 and of U.S. Provisional Application No. 60/882,862, filed Dec. 29, 2006, the disclosures of which are incorporated herein by reference.
| Number | Date | Country | |
|---|---|---|---|
| 60882865 | Dec 2006 | US | |
| 60882862 | Dec 2006 | US |
| Number | Date | Country | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Parent | 17000067 | Aug 2020 | US |
| Child | 18066460 | US | |
| Parent | 15011843 | Feb 2016 | US |
| Child | 17000067 | US | |
| Parent | 14633449 | Feb 2015 | US |
| Child | 15011843 | US | |
| Parent | 13618238 | Sep 2012 | US |
| Child | 14633449 | US | |
| Parent | 12521763 | Apr 2010 | US |
| Child | 13618238 | US |
