Patent Application
20160116026
The present disclosure relates to a multiple speed transmission, and in particular to a multiple speed transmission capable of achieving eight or more speeds.
Multiple speed transmissions use a number of friction clutches or brakes, planetary gearsets, shafts, and other elements to achieve a plurality of gear or speed ratios. The architecture, i.e., packaging or layout of the aforementioned elements, is determined based on cost, size, packaging constraints, and desired ratios. There is a need for new architectural designs of multiple speed transmissions for achieving different ratios with improved performance, cost, efficiency, responsiveness, and packaging.
In one embodiment of the present disclosure, a multiple speed transmission includes a multiple speed transmission including an input member; an output member; first, second, third and fourth planetary gearsets each having first, second and third members; a plurality of interconnecting members each connected between at least one of the first, second, third, and fourth planetary gearsets and at least another of the first, second, third, and fourth planetary gearsets; a first torque-transmitting mechanism selectively engageable to interconnect the first member of the first planetary gearset with a stationary member; a second torque-transmitting mechanism selectively engageable to interconnect the second member of the first planetary gearset with the first member of the fourth planetary gearset; a third torque-transmitting mechanism selectively engageable to interconnect the third member of the first planetary gearset and the first member of the third planetary gearset with the first member of the fourth planetary gearset; a fourth torque-transmitting mechanism selectively engageable to interconnect the second member of the second planetary gearset with the third member of the fourth planetary gearset; and a fifth torque-transmitting mechanism selectively engageable to interconnect the second member of the third planetary gearset with the first member of the fourth planetary gearset; wherein the torque transmitting mechanisms are selectively engageable in combinations of at least three to establish at least eight forward speed ratios and at least one reverse speed ratio between the input member and the output member.
In one example of this embodiment, wherein the input member is continuously interconnected with the second member of the first planetary gearset and the output member is continuously interconnected with the third member of the third planetary gearset and the second member of the fourth planetary gearset. In a second example, the plurality of interconnecting members includes a first interconnecting member continuously interconnecting the first member of the first planetary gearset with the first member of the second planetary gearset. In a third example, the plurality of interconnecting members includes a second interconnecting member continuously interconnecting the second member of the first planetary gearset with the first member of the third planetary gearset.
In a fourth example, the plurality of interconnecting members includes a third interconnecting member directly connects the third member of the second planetary gearset to the stationary member. In a fifth example, the plurality of interconnecting members includes a fourth interconnecting member continuously connected to the second member of the second planetary gearset. In a sixth example, the plurality of interconnecting members includes a fifth interconnecting member continuously connected to the third member of the fourth planetary gearset. In a seventh example, the plurality of interconnecting members includes a sixth interconnecting member continuously connected to the first member of the fourth planetary gearset. In an eighth example, the plurality of interconnecting members includes a seventh interconnecting member continuously connected to the second member of the third planetary gearset. In a ninth example, the third planetary gearset includes an idler planetary gearset having a first set of pinion gears and a second set of pinions gears.
In another embodiment, a multiple speed transmission includes an input member; an output member; first, second, third and fourth planetary gearsets each having a sun gear, a carrier member, and a ring gear, wherein at least one of the first, second, third and fourth planetary gearsets comprises an idler planetary gearset and the input member and the output member are each interconnected to at least one of the first, second, third, and fourth planetary gearsets; a first torque-transmitting mechanism selectively engageable to interconnect the sun gear of the first planetary gearset and the sun gear of the second planetary gearset with a stationary member; a second torque-transmitting mechanism selectively engageable to interconnect the carrier member of the first planetary gearset with the sun gear of the third planetary gearset; a third torque-transmitting mechanism selectively engageable to interconnect the ring gear of the first planetary gearset and the sun gear of the third planetary gearset with the sun gear of the fourth planetary gearset; a fourth torque-transmitting mechanism selectively engageable to interconnect the carrier member of the second planetary gearset with the ring gear of the fourth planetary gearset; and a fifth torque-transmitting mechanism selectively engageable to interconnect the carrier member of the third planetary gearset with the sun gear of the fourth planetary gearset; wherein the torque transmitting mechanisms are selectively engageable in combinations of at least three to establish at least eight forward speed ratios and at least one reverse speed ratio between the input member and the output member.
In one example of this embodiment, the input member is continuously interconnected with the carrier member of the first planetary gearset and the output member is continuously interconnected with the ring gear of the third planetary gearset and the carrier member of the fourth planetary gearset. In a second example, the plurality of interconnecting members includes a first interconnecting member continuously interconnecting the sun gear of the first planetary gearset with the sun gear of the second planetary gearset. In a third example, the plurality of interconnecting members includes a second interconnecting member continuously interconnecting the carrier member of the first planetary gearset with the sun gear of the third planetary gearset.
In a fourth example of this embodiment, the plurality of interconnecting members includes a third interconnecting member directly connects the ring gear of the second planetary gearset to the stationary member. In a fifth example, the plurality of interconnecting members includes a fourth interconnecting member continuously connected to the carrier member of the second planetary gearset. In a sixth example, the plurality of interconnecting members includes a fifth interconnecting member continuously connected to the ring gear of the fourth planetary gearset. In a seventh example, the plurality of interconnecting members includes a sixth interconnecting member continuously connected to the sun gear of the fourth planetary gearset. In an eighth example, the plurality of interconnecting members includes a seventh interconnecting member continuously connected to the carrier member of the third planetary gearset. In a ninth example, the idler planetary gearset is continuously connected to only two of the other three planetary gearsets.
In a different embodiment of the present disclosure, a multiple speed transmission includes an input member; an output member; first, second, third and fourth planetary gearsets each having a sun gear, a carrier member, and a ring gear, the input member and the output member are each interconnected to at least one of the first, second, third, and fourth planetary gearsets; a first torque-transmitting mechanism selectively engageable to interconnect the sun gear of the first planetary gearset and the sun gear of the second planetary gearset with a stationary member; a second torque-transmitting mechanism selectively engageable to interconnect the carrier member of the first planetary gearset with the sun gear of the third planetary gearset; a third torque-transmitting mechanism selectively engageable to interconnect the ring gear of the first planetary gearset and the sun gear of the third planetary gearset with the sun gear of the fourth planetary gearset; a fourth torque-transmitting mechanism selectively engageable to interconnect the carrier member of the second planetary gearset with the ring gear of the fourth planetary gearset; a fifth torque-transmitting mechanism selectively engageable to interconnect the carrier member of the third planetary gearset with the sun gear of the fourth planetary gearset; a first interconnecting member of the plurality of interconnect members continuously interconnecting the sun gear of the first planetary gearset with the sun gear of the second planetary gearset; a second interconnecting member of the plurality of interconnect members continuously interconnecting the carrier member of the first planetary gearset with the sun gear of the third planetary gearset; a third interconnecting member of the plurality of interconnect members directly connects the ring gear of the second planetary gearset to the stationary member; a fourth interconnecting member of the plurality of interconnect members continuously connected to the carrier member of the second planetary gearset; a fifth interconnecting member of the plurality of interconnect members continuously connected to the ring gear of the fourth planetary gearset; a sixth interconnecting member of the plurality of interconnect members continuously connected to the sun gear of the fourth planetary gearset; and a seventh interconnecting member of the plurality of interconnect members continuously connected to the carrier member of the third planetary gearset; wherein the third planetary gearset comprises an idler planetary gearset; further wherein the torque transmitting mechanisms are selectively engageable in combinations of at least three to establish at least eight forward speed ratios and at least one reverse speed ratio between the input member and the output member.
The above-mentioned aspects of the present disclosure and the manner of obtaining them will become more apparent and the disclosure itself will be better understood by reference to the following description of the embodiments of the disclosure, taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, wherein:
Corresponding reference numerals are used to indicate corresponding parts throughout the several views.
The embodiments of the present disclosure described below are not intended to be exhaustive or to limit the disclosure to the precise forms disclosed in the following detailed description. Rather, the embodiments are chosen and described so that others skilled in the art may appreciate and understand the principles and practices of the present disclosure.
Referring now to
The transmission 118 can include a planetary gear system 122 having a number of automatically selected gears. An output shaft 126 of the transmission 118 is coupled to or integral with, and rotatably drives, a propeller shaft 128 that is coupled to a conventional universal joint 130. The universal joint 130 is coupled to, and rotatably drives, an axle 132 having wheels 134A and 134B mounted thereto at each end. The output shaft 126 of the transmission 118 drives the wheels 134A and 134B in a conventional manner via the propeller shaft 128, universal joint 130 and axle 132.
A conventional lockup clutch 136 is connected between the pump 110 and the turbine 112 of the torque converter 108. The operation of the torque converter 108 is conventional in that the torque converter 108 is operable in a so-called “torque converter” mode during certain operating conditions such as vehicle launch, low speed and certain gear shifting conditions. In the torque converter mode, the lockup clutch 136 is disengaged and the pump 110 rotates at the rotational speed of the drive unit output shaft 104 while the turbine 112 is rotatably actuated by the pump 110 through a fluid (not shown) interposed between the pump 110 and the turbine 112. In this operational mode, torque multiplication occurs through the fluid coupling such that the turbine shaft 114 is exposed to drive more torque than is being supplied by the drive unit 102, as is known in the art. The torque converter 108 is alternatively operable in a so-called “lockup” mode during other operating conditions, such as when certain gears of the planetary gear system 122 of the transmission 118 are engaged. In the lockup mode, the lockup clutch 136 is engaged and the pump 110 is thereby secured directly to the turbine 112 so that the drive unit output shaft 104 is directly coupled to the input shaft 124 of the transmission 118, as is also known in the art.
The transmission 118 further includes an electro-hydraulic system 138 that is fluidly coupled to the planetary gear system 122 via a number, J, of fluid paths, 1401-140J, where J may be any positive integer. The electro-hydraulic system 138 is responsive to control signals to selectively cause fluid to flow through one or more of the fluid paths, 1401-140J, to thereby control operation, i.e., engagement and disengagement, of a plurality of corresponding friction devices in the planetary gear system 122. The plurality of friction devices may include, but are not limited to, one or more conventional brake devices, one or more torque transmitting devices, and the like. Generally, the operation, i.e., engagement and disengagement, of the plurality of friction devices is controlled by selectively controlling the friction applied by each of the plurality of friction devices, such as by controlling fluid pressure to each of the friction devices. In one example embodiment, which is not intended to be limiting in any way, the plurality of friction devices include a plurality of brake and torque transmitting devices in the form of conventional clutches that may each be controllably engaged and disengaged via fluid pressure supplied by the electro-hydraulic system 138. In any case, changing or shifting between the various gears of the transmission 118 is accomplished in a conventional manner by selectively controlling the plurality of friction devices via control of fluid pressure within the number of fluid paths 1401-140J.
The system 100 further includes a transmission control circuit 142 that can include a memory unit 144. The transmission control circuit 142 is illustratively microprocessor-based, and the memory unit 144 generally includes instructions stored therein that are executable by a processor of the transmission control circuit 142 to control operation of the torque converter 108 and operation of the transmission 118, i.e., shifting between the various gears of the planetary gear system 122. It will be understood, however, that this disclosure contemplates other embodiments in which the transmission control circuit 142 is not microprocessor-based, but is configured to control operation of the torque converter 108 and/or transmission 118 based on one or more sets of hardwired instructions and/or software instructions stored in the memory unit 144.
In the system 100 illustrated in
The transmission 118 illustratively includes another conventional speed sensor 148 that is positioned and configured to produce a speed signal corresponding to the rotational speed of the transmission input shaft 124, which is the same rotational speed as the turbine shaft 114. The input shaft 124 of the transmission 118 is directly coupled to, or integral with, the turbine shaft 114, and the speed sensor 148 may alternatively be positioned and configured to produce a speed signal corresponding to the rotational speed of the turbine shaft 114. In any case, the speed sensor 148 is electrically connected to a transmission input shaft speed input, TIS, of the transmission control circuit 142 via a signal path 154, and the transmission control circuit 142 is operable to process the speed signal produced by the speed sensor 148 in a conventional manner to determine the rotational speed of the turbine shaft 114/transmission input shaft 124.
The transmission 118 further includes yet another speed sensor 150 that is positioned and configured to produce a speed signal corresponding to the rotational speed of the output shaft 126 of the transmission 118. The speed sensor 150 may be conventional, and is electrically connected to a transmission output shaft speed input, TOS, of the transmission control circuit 142 via a signal path 156. The transmission control circuit 142 is configured to process the speed signal produced by the speed sensor 150 in a conventional manner to determine the rotational speed of the transmission output shaft 126.
In the illustrated embodiment, the transmission 118 further includes one or more actuators configured to control various operations within the transmission 118. For example, the electro-hydraulic system 138 described herein illustratively includes a number of actuators, e.g., conventional solenoids or other conventional actuators, that are electrically connected to a number, J, of control outputs, CP1-CPJ, of the transmission control circuit 142 via a corresponding number of signal paths 721-72J, where J may be any positive integer as described above. The actuators within the electro-hydraulic system 138 are each responsive to a corresponding one of the control signals, CP1-CPJ, produced by the transmission control circuit 142 on one of the corresponding signal paths 721-72J to control the friction applied by each of the plurality of friction devices by controlling the pressure of fluid within one or more corresponding fluid passageway 1401-140J, and thus control the operation, i.e., engaging and disengaging, of one or more corresponding friction devices, based on information provided by the various speed sensors 146, 148, and/or 150.
The friction devices of the planetary gear system 122 are illustratively controlled by hydraulic fluid which is distributed by the electro-hydraulic system in a conventional manner. For example, the electro-hydraulic system 138 illustratively includes a conventional hydraulic positive displacement pump (not shown) which distributes fluid to the one or more friction devices via control of the one or more actuators within the electro-hydraulic system 138. In this embodiment, the control signals, CP1-CPJ, are illustratively analog friction device pressure commands to which the one or more actuators are responsive to control the hydraulic pressure to the one or more frictions devices. It will be understood, however, that the friction applied by each of the plurality of friction devices may alternatively be controlled in accordance with other conventional friction device control structures and techniques, and such other conventional friction device control structures and techniques are contemplated by this disclosure. In any case, however, the analog operation of each of the friction devices is controlled by the control circuit 142 in accordance with instructions stored in the memory unit 144.
In the illustrated embodiment, the system 100 further includes a drive unit control circuit 160 having an input/output port (I/O) that is electrically coupled to the drive unit 102 via a number, K, of signal paths 162, wherein K may be any positive integer. The drive unit control circuit 160 may be conventional, and is operable to control and manage the overall operation of the drive unit 102. The drive unit control circuit 160 further includes a communication port, COM, which is electrically connected to a similar communication port, COM, of the transmission control circuit 142 via a number, L, of signal paths 164, wherein L may be any positive integer. The one or more signal paths 164 are typically referred to collectively as a data link. Generally, the drive unit control circuit 160 and the transmission control circuit 142 are operable to share information via the one or more signal paths 164 in a conventional manner. In one embodiment, for example, the drive unit control circuit 160 and transmission control circuit 142 are operable to share information via the one or more signal paths 164 in the form of one or more messages in accordance with a society of automotive engineers (SAE) J-1939 communications protocol, although this disclosure contemplates other embodiments in which the drive unit control circuit 160 and the transmission control circuit 142 are operable to share information via the one or more signal paths 164 in accordance with one or more other conventional communication protocols (e.g., from a conventional databus such as J1587 data bus, J1939 data bus, IESCAN data bus, GMLAN, Mercedes PT-CAN).
Referring to
The transmission 200 can also include a plurality of planetary gearsets. In the illustrated embodiment of
One or more of the plurality of planetary gearsets can be arranged in different locations within the transmission 200, but for sake of simplicity and in this particular example only, the planetary gearsets are aligned in an axial direction consecutively in sequence (i.e., first, second, third, and fourth between the input and output shafts).
The transmission 200 may also include a plurality of torque-transmitting or gearshifting mechanisms. For example, one or more of these mechanisms can include a clutch or brake. In one aspect, each of the plurality of mechanisms is disposed within an outer housing of the transmission 200. In another aspect, however, one or more of the mechanisms may be disposed outside of the housing. Each of the plurality of mechanisms can be coupled to one or more of the plurality of planetary gearsets, which will be described further below.
In the embodiment of
The transmission 200 of
In
The transmission 200 is capable of transferring torque from the input shaft 202 to the output shaft 204 in at least eight forward gears or ratios and at least one reverse gear or ratio. Each of the forward torque ratios and the reverse torque ratios can be attained by the selective engagement of one or more of the torque-transmitting mechanisms (i.e., torque-transmitting mechanisms 258, 260, 262, 264, and 266). Those skilled in the art will readily understand that a different speed ratio is associated with each torque ratio. Thus, at least eight forward speed ratios and at least one reverse speed ratio may be attained by transmission 200. An example of the gear ratios that may be obtained using the embodiments of the present disclosure are also shown in
As for the transmission 200, kinematic coupling of the first planetary gearset 206 is shown in
With respect to the second planetary gearset 208, the second sun gear 228 is coupled to the first shaft 222 and first sun gear 214 for common rotation therewith. The second ring gear 230 is coupled to the third shaft 236, which is connected directly to the transmission case, G. Second pinion gears 234 are configured to intermesh with the second sun gear 228 and second ring gear 230, and the second carrier member 232 is coupled for common rotation with the fourth shaft 236.
The third sun gear 238 of the third planetary gearset 210 is coupled to the second shaft 224 as well, and thus is disposed in common rotation with the first ring gear 216. The third ring gear 240 is coupled to the output shaft 204 for common rotation therewith. Third pinion gears, which include the first set of pinion gears 268 and the second set of pinion gears 244, are configured to intermesh with the third sun gear 238 and third ring gear 240, respectively. The third carrier member 242 is coupled for common rotation with the seventh shaft 270.
The kinematic relationship of the fourth planetary gearset 212 is such that the fourth sun gear 250 is coupled to the sixth shaft 248 for common rotation therewith. The fourth ring gear 252 is coupled to the fifth shaft 246 for common rotation therewith. The fourth pinion gears 256 are configured to intermesh with the fourth sun gear 250 and the fourth ring gear 252. The fourth carrier member 254 is coupled to the output shaft 204 and third ring gear 240 for common rotation therewith.
With regards to the kinematic coupling of the five torque-transmitting mechanisms to the previously described shafts, the multiple speed transmission 200 of
The third torque-transmitting mechanism 262, for example, is arranged within the power flow between the second shaft 224 and the sixth shaft 248. The fourth torque-transmitting mechanism 264 is arranged within the power flow between the fourth shaft 236 and the fifth shaft 246. Moreover, the fifth torque-transmitting mechanism 266 is arranged within the power flow between the seventh shaft 270 and the sixth shaft 248.
The kinematic couplings of the embodiment in
As previously described, the aforementioned embodiment is capable of transmitting torque from a respective input shaft to a respective output shaft in at least eight forward torque ratios and one reverse torque ratio. Referring to
In the example of
In neutral (Neu), none of the torque-transmitting mechanisms carry torque. One or more of the torque-transmitting mechanisms, however, may be engaged in neutral but not carrying torque. For example, the first and fourth torque-transmitting mechanisms can be engaged in neutral, thereby resulting in the fifth torque-transmitting mechanism being disengaged between a shift between the one reverse ratio and neutral.
A first forward ratio (shown as 1st) in the table of
In a second or subsequent forward ratio, indicated as 2nd in
In a third or subsequent forward ratio, indicated as 3rd forward ratio in
In a fourth or the next subsequent forward ratio, indicated as 4th in
In a fifth or the next subsequent forward ratio, indicated as 5th in
In a sixth or the next subsequent forward ratio, indicated as 6th in
In a seventh or the next subsequent forward ratio, indicated as 7th in
In an eighth or the next subsequent forward ratio, indicated as 8th in
The present disclosure contemplates that downshifts follow the reverse sequence of the corresponding upshift (as described above), and several power-on skip-shifts that are single-transition are possible (e.g. from 1st to 3rd or 3rd to 1st).
While exemplary embodiments incorporating the principles of the present disclosure have been disclosed hereinabove, the present disclosure is not limited to the disclosed embodiments. Instead, this application is intended to cover any variations, uses, or adaptations of the disclosure using its general principles. Further, this application is intended to cover such departures from the present disclosure as come within known or customary practice in the art to which this disclosure pertains and which fall within the limits of the appended claims.
This application claims priority to U.S. Provisional Patent Application Ser. No. 62/068,957, filed Oct. 27, 2014, which is hereby incorporated by reference in its entirety.
| Number | Date | Country | |
|---|---|---|---|
| 62068957 | Oct 2014 | US |
