Patent Application
20240058859
The present disclosure relates to the technical field of forging machines, and in particular, to a multidirectional synchronous punch-forming forging machine.
Forging is processing method, which uses a forging machine to apply force to a metal blank so as to cause plastic deformation of the metal blank, thereby obtaining a forged piece with a certain mechanical property, a certain shape, and a certain size, and is one of two parts of forging and punching. By forging, defects such as as-cast porosity and imperfect forming occurring in the process of metal smelting can be eliminated, and a microstructure can be optimized. Meanwhile, since a complete metal streamline is kept, the forged piece usually has a better mechanical performance than a cast piece made of the same material. Forged pieces are used for most important components which work under a high load and in strict conditions in relevant machines except sheets, molded materials, or welded pieces which have a simple shape and can be formed by rolling.
Most forging and punching molds use a forging piece to perform forming processing on a high-temperature work piece, and are widely applied in industrial production. The forging and punching mold controls a punch needle, by a hydraulic machine tool, to move so as to perform punching and extruding on a high-temperature work piece placed in a concave mold in order to form the work piece.
A dual punching and forging mold in the existing technology includes an upper mold and a lower mold. The upper mold is located right above the lower mold. The upper mold is provided at the top with an upper mold handle which is formed by two cylinders, the upper one having a small size and the lower one having a large size. The upper mold handle is provided with a through-hole which goes through the upper mold handle. The through-hole is provided therein with an upper push rod, and the upper push rod is provided at the bottom with two punch needles which are fixed vertically and provided symmetrically. The upper mold is provided with two upper mold cavities which are provided in parallel and go through the upper mold, and the upper mold cavities are located right below the punch needle. The dual punching and forging mold has a reasonable structure. A punch press goes downwards to perform punching, drives the upper mold handle fixed on punch press, and drives the upper mold to perform punching downwards, so as to perform forging and punching on a processing piece in a lower mold cavity.
However, this punch press structure has a defect. When a stiffening rib or a limit block of a structural component to be formed is far from the center, inadequate material filling often occurs at these positions due to poor flow ability of a material and the like, which results in problems such as inadequately-filled corner and absence of the material. This leads to scrapping of a product and increases a scrap rate of the product, thereby increasing the cost.
In addition, most products to be manufactured by our company are various flow valve bodies, and products to be produced are changed frequently. If the forging and punching mold is customized according to the product, the production cost is high. Moreover, for a product with multiple channels provided therein, if a single punch needle is used for processing, multiple times of punch-forming are required, and the processing efficiency is low, the punch needle being worn quickly.
The technical problem to be solved by the present disclosure is to provide a multidirectional synchronous punch-forming forging machine, which is provided at a side surface with multiple punching mechanisms configured to be movable, so that a valve body piece can be quickly formed and various valve body pieces can be adapted to.
In order to solve the above technical problem, the technical solution adopted by the present disclosure is a multidirectional synchronous punch-forming forging machine including an upper mold and a lower mold. The lower mold is provided with multiple punching mechanisms at a side surface. A support is rotatably provided at the lower mold. At least one punching mechanism is mounted on the support. The punching mechanism mounted on the support rotates about a lower mold cavity of the lower mold.
Compared with existing technologies, the disclosure has the following advantages. First, a punching mechanism is provided at a side surface of the lower mold. This is different from a traditional arrangement, in which the punching mechanism is provided in the upper mold and the lower mold to realize forming of a product with a vertical punching manner. In the disclosure, the punching mechanism is provided at the side surface, which can solve the problem of inadequate material filling because a stiffening rib or a limit block is far from the center, thereby improving the finished product ratio of the product.
Further, multiple punching mechanisms are provided in the disclosure. That is, when a multi-channel valve body piece is produced and processed, multiple channels can be processed and formed at the same time. Compared with a traditional forging machine, in which a single punching mechanism is provided to process and form the channels one by one, the processing efficiency is improved in the disclosure.
Further, in the disclosure, at least one punching mechanism is configured to be rotatable. That is, a punching angle of the punching mechanism is adjustable. For existing forging machines, a punching angle is fixed, is obtained by performing customization for a certain finished product, and is specialized. However, structures of the multi-channel valves usually are different according to different usage environments, and angles of internal channels thereof are different. If one forging machine is designed for each of the structures of the multi-channel valves, the cost is high. In the disclosure, a rotatable punching mechanism is provided, which can form channels at different angles and adapt multi-channel valves of different structures.
In a further preferred solution of the disclosure, the upper mold is provided with an upper mold cavity, and the lower mold is provided with a lower mold cavity, the upper mold cavity and the lower mold cavity constituting a mold cavity of a product to be formed.
The lower mold is provided with a needle sleeve which is provided below the lower mold cavity of the lower mold, and the support is provided at a rear side of the lower mold cavity and is rotatably connected to the needle sleeve.
Specifically, the needle sleeve is provided therein with a push needle which is connected to a power mechanism. The power mechanism drives the push needle to move upwards, and the push needle goes into the cavity of the lower mold to act on the product to be formed and may push the product out.
At least one punching mechanism is mounted in the support, and the support rotates to drive the punching mechanism therein to move synchronously. If only one punching mechanism is required to be rotatable, one support is provided for mounting of the punching mechanism. If multiple punching mechanisms are required to be rotatable, multiple supports are provided for mounting of the punching mechanisms.
Further, the support includes two sleeve plates, i.e., an upper sleeve plate and a lower sleeve plate, which are sleeved outside the needle sleeve and are connected to each other.
The needle sleeve in the disclosure is a structural component in a shape of a circular tube. The sleeve plates are sleeved outside the needle sleeve, and the needle sleeve serves as a shaft member for rotation of the support, so that the support is rotatable about the needle sleeve.
The support in the disclosure is used for mounting of the punching mechanism, and the punching mechanism mounted on the support is rotatable relative to the lower mold.
Further, the punching mechanism includes a guiding rail, a movable block, and a punch needle. The guiding rail is horizontally provided, and is provided along a radial direction of the needle sleeve. The punch needle is mounted on the movable block. The movable block is mounted on the guiding rail, and moves along a length direction of the guiding rail.
The movable block mounted on the guiding rail can only move along the length direction of the guiding rail. That is, the movable block moves along the radial direction of the needle sleeve.
Further, an axial direction of the punch needle is provided to be along the radial direction of the needle sleeve.
The needle sleeve is provided at a position right below a position of an intersection point of multiple channels in a multi-channel valve component. That is, all channels go through the position of the intersection point. The radial direction of the needle sleeve goes through the intersection point. Further, the punching mechanism is provided to be mounted on the support, and a direction in which the movable block moves is in a ray from the position of the intersection point. An angle of the movable support, i.e., an angle of the ray, is adjustable, so as to satisfy forming of channels in different directions.
Further, in the disclosure, three punching mechanisms are provided, two of which are provided fixedly, and a remaining one is movably provided and mounted on the support. For each of the punching mechanisms provided fixedly, the guiding rail is fixedly mounted at the lower mold, and the movable block thereof moves along the guiding rail fixedly mounted.
For the punching mechanism mounted on the support, the guiding rail thereof is mounted on the support, specifically on the upper sleeve plate. The lower mold is provided at a surface with several arc-shaped limiting grooves, and the several arc-shaped limiting grooves are provided concentrically. The support is mounted in a limiting groove, and moves along the limiting grooves.
Further, the punching mechanism includes a swing arm, which is connected to the movable block via an upper connecting element. One end of the upper connecting element is rotatably connected to the swing arm, and the other end of the upper connecting element is rotatably connected to the movable block.
The upper connecting element is of a connecting arm structure. Specifically, the upper connecting element has a Y shape. One end of the upper connecting element covers an upper end portion of the swing arm and is rotatably connected to the swing arm, and the other end of the upper connecting element goes into the movable block to rotatably connect to the movable block.
Further, the swing arm has an L-shaped structure. A middle portion of the swing arm is rotatably connected to a frame or the support via a rotation shaft.
A structure of the frame of the forging machine is fixed. That is, the swing arm mounted on the frame, when receiving force, rotates and swings about the rotation shaft. The swing arm which is rotating and swinging drives the movable block to move on the guiding rail via the upper connecting element.
The support is rotatable around the lower mold or the cavity of the lower mold, and the swing arm mounted on the support follows the support and rotates synchronously. Meanwhile, swinging of the swing arm due to received force is not affected, and the swing arm also rotates and swings about the rotation shaft. The swing arm which is rotating and swinging drives the movable block to move on the guiding rail via the upper connecting element.
Further, the frame is also included. The frame is provided at the bottom with an eccentric wheel mechanism. The eccentric wheel mechanism is connected to each punching mechanism, and the eccentric wheel mechanism moves and drives multiple punching mechanisms to move synchronously.
Traditional punch presses and forging machines use a linear drive component, such as an oil cylinder, to drive punching. However, if multiple punching actions are involved in the forging machine, it is required to equip multiple oil cylinders to drive punching, and the problem of consistency of multiple punching actions is involved. In the disclosure, the eccentric wheel mechanism is provided, and movement of the eccentric wheel mechanism synchronously drives the multiple punching mechanisms to move, so that the problem of inconsistent movement is solved.
Specifically, a motor and a gear are provided in the disclosure. The motor drives the gear to rotate, and the gear is connected to the eccentric wheel mechanism. The eccentric wheel mechanism converts rotating movement to vertical linear movement.
Further, the eccentric wheel mechanism is provided at the top with an adjustment shaft. The adjustment shaft is provided vertically, and the adjustment shaft is rotatable about an axis thereof. A lower end portion of the swing arm mounted on the support is rotatably connected to the adjustment shaft via a first lower connecting element.
Specifically, the adjustment shaft in the disclosure is rotatable on the eccentric wheel mechanism, and the adjustment shaft only rotates horizontally and can adapt to rotation adjustment of the support.
The eccentric wheel mechanism operates to drive the adjustment shaft to move vertically, and the adjustment shaft which is moving vertically drives the swing arm to rotate and swing about the rotation shaft via the first lower connecting element.
The first lower connecting element has an H-shaped structure. An upper end of the first lower connecting element covers the lower end portion of the swing arm and is rotatably connected to the swing arm. A lower end of the first lower connecting element covers the adjustment shaft and is rotatably connected to adjustment shaft.
Further, the eccentric wheel mechanism is connected with a horizontal shaft which goes through the eccentric wheel mechanism and is connected to a U-shaped movement plate, and the lower end portion of the swing arm mounted on the frame is rotatably connected to the U-shaped movement plate via a second lower connecting element.
Further, an upper end of the second lower connecting element is rotatably connected to the swing arm, and a lower end of the second lower connecting element goes into the U-shaped movement plate and is rotatably connected to the U-shaped movement plate.
The present disclosure will be described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and preferred embodiments, but those skilled in the art shall appreciate that the accompanying drawings are drawn only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments and therefore shall not be construed as limiting the scope of the present disclosure. Also, unless otherwise specifically stated, the accompanying drawings are intended only for conceptually representing components or a structure of an object being described and may contain exaggerated representations, and the accompanying drawings are not necessarily drawn to scale.
In the accompanying drawings, the reference numerals are specifically indicated as follows: 1. upper mold; 2. lower mold; 3. support; 3a. sleeve plate; 4. needle sleeve; 5. push needle; 6. power mechanism; 7. guiding rail; 8. movable block; 9. punch needle; 10. limiting groove; 11. swing arm; 12. upper connecting element; 131. first lower connecting element; 132. second lower connecting element; 14. rotatable shaft; 15. frame; 16. eccentric wheel mechanism; 17. adjustment shaft; 18. U-shaped movable plate; and 19. horizontal shaft.
The present disclosure is described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
In order to make the objective, the technical solutions, and advantages of the disclosure clearer, the present disclosure is further described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and the embodiments. It should be understood that, the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the disclosure, rather than to limit the disclosure.
As shown in
For existing forging machines, a punching angle is fixed, is obtained by performing customization for a certain finished product, and is specialized. However, structures of the multi-channel valves usually are different according to different usage environments, and angles of internal channels thereof are different. If one forging machine is designed for each of the structures of the multi-channel valves, the cost is high.
In a further preferred solution of the disclosure, the upper mold 1 is provided with an upper mold cavity, and the lower mold 2 is provided with a lower mold cavity, the upper mold cavity and the lower mold cavity constituting a mold cavity of a product to be formed.
As shown in
As shown in
As shown in
As shown in
In the disclosure, three punching mechanisms are provided, two of which are provided fixedly, and a remaining one is movably provided and mounted on the support 3. For each of the punching mechanisms provided fixedly, the guiding rail 7 is fixedly mounted at the lower mold 2, and the movable block 8 thereof moves along the guiding rail 7 fixedly mounted. For the punching mechanism mounted on the support 3, the guiding rail 7 thereof is mounted on the support 3, specifically on the upper sleeve plate 3a. The lower mold 2 is provided at a surface with several arc-shaped limiting grooves 10, and the several arc-shaped limiting grooves 10 are provided concentrically. The support 3 is mounted in a limiting groove 10, and moves along the limiting grooves 10.
As shown in
The swing arm 11 has an L-shaped structure. A middle portion of the swing arm 11 is rotatably connected to a frame 15 or the support 3 via a rotation shaft 14. A structure of the frame 15 of the forging machine is fixed. That is, the swing arm 11 mounted on the frame 15, when receiving force, rotates and swings about the rotation shaft 14. The swing arm 11 which is rotating and swinging drives the movable block 8 to move on the guiding rail 7 via the upper connecting element 12. The support 3 is rotatable around the lower mold 2 or the cavity of the lower mold 2, and the swing arm 11 mounted on the support 3 follows the support 3 and rotates synchronously. Meanwhile, swinging of the swing arm 11 due to received force is not affected, and the swing arm 11 also rotates and swings about the rotation shaft 14. The swing arm 11 which is rotating and swinging drives the movable block 8 to move on the guiding rail 7 via the upper connecting element 12.
In the disclosure, the frame 15 is also included. As shown in
Traditional punch presses and forging machines use a linear drive component, such as an oil cylinder, to drive punching. However, if multiple punching actions are involved in the forging machine, it is required to equip multiple oil cylinders to drive punching, and the problem of consistency of multiple punching actions is involved. In the disclosure, the eccentric wheel mechanism 16 is provided, and movement of the eccentric wheel mechanism 16 synchronously drives the multiple punching mechanisms to move, so that the problem of inconsistent movement is solved.
Specifically, a motor and a gear are provided in the disclosure. The motor drives the gear to rotate, and the gear is connected to the eccentric wheel mechanism 16. The eccentric wheel mechanism 16 converts rotating movement to vertical linear movement.
The eccentric wheel mechanism 16 is provided at the top with an adjustment shaft 17. The adjustment shaft 17 is provided vertically, and the adjustment shaft 17 is rotatable about an axis thereof. A lower end portion of the swing arm 11 mounted on the support 3 is rotatably connected to the adjustment shaft 17 via a first lower connecting element 131. Specifically, the adjustment shaft 17 in the disclosure is rotatable on the eccentric wheel mechanism 16, and the adjustment shaft 17 only rotates horizontally and can adapt to rotation adjustment of the support 3.
The eccentric wheel mechanism 16 operates to drive the adjustment shaft 17 to move vertically, and the adjustment shaft 17 which is moving vertically drives the swing arm 11 to rotate and swing about the rotation shaft 14 via the first lower connecting element 131. The first lower connecting element 131 has an H-shaped structure. An upper end of the first lower connecting element 131 covers the lower end portion of the swing arm 11 and is rotatably connected to the swing arm 11. A lower end of the first lower connecting element 131 covers the adjustment shaft 17 and is rotatably connected to adjustment shaft 17.
The eccentric wheel mechanism 16 is connected with a horizontal shaft 19 which goes through the eccentric wheel mechanism 16 and is connected to a U-shaped movement plate 18, and the lower end portion of the swing arm 11 mounted on the frame 15 is rotatably connected to the U-shaped movement plate 18 via a second lower connecting element 132. An upper end of the second lower connecting element 132 is rotatably connected to the swing arm 11, and a lower end of the second lower connecting element 132 goes into the U-shaped movement plate 18 and is rotatably connected to the U-shaped movement plate 18.
The present disclosure has been described in detail above. Specific examples are used herein to explain the principle and implementation of the present disclosure. The description of the above embodiments is only for understanding the present disclosure and the core idea. It should be noted that for those of ordinary skill in the art, several improvements and modifications can be made to the present disclosure without departing from the principle of the present disclosure, and these improvements and modifications also fall within the protection scope of the claims of the present disclosure.
