Claims
- 1. A process for the gas-phase catalytic oxidation of a C.sub.3-6 alkane, alkanol, alkene or alkenal, comprising the step of:
- contacting said C.sub.3-6 alkane, alkanol, alkene or alkenal with a catalyst;
- wherein said catalyst has a composition of the formula I:
- (X.sup.1.sub.a X.sup.2.sub.b O.sub.x).sub.p (X.sup.3.sub.c X.sup.4.sub.d X.sup.5.sub.e X.sup.6.sub.f X.sup.7.sub.g X.sup.2.sub.h O.sub.y).sub.q
- where
- X.sup.1 is bismuth, tellurium, antimony, tin and/or copper;
- X.sup.2 is molybdenum and/or tungsten;
- X.sup.3 is an alkai metal, thallium and/or samarium;
- X.sup.4 is an alkaline earth metal, nickel, cobalt, copper, manganese, zinc, tin, cadmium, and/or mercury;
- X.sup.5 is iron, chromium, cerium and/or vanadium;
- X.sup.6 is phosphorus, arsenic, boron and/or antimony;
- X.sup.7 is a rare-earth metal, titanium, zirconium, niobium, tantalum, rhenium, ruthenium, rhodium, silver, gold, aluminum, gallium, indium, silicon, germanium, lead, thorium and/or uranium;
- a is from 0.01 to 8;
- b is from 0.1 to 30;
- c is from 0 to 4;
- d is from 0 to 20;
- e is from 0 to 20;
- f is from 0 to 6;
- g is from 0 to 15;
- h is from 8 to 16;
- x and y are numbers determined by the valency and frequency of the elements in formula I other than oxygen, and p and q are numbers whose ratio p/q is from 0.1 to 10, containing three-dimensional regions with a chemical formula X.sup.1.sub.a X.sup.2.sub.b O.sub.x and a local environment, wherein said regions are delimited from said local environment due to said chemical formula of said regions which is different from said local environment, wherein at least 50% of said regions have a maximum diameter of from 1 to 25 .mu.m.
- 2. A process for gas-phase catalytic oxidation of a C.sub.3-6 alkane, alkanol, alkene or alkenal as in claim 1, wherein said regions contain all the (X.sup.1.sub.a X.sup.2.sub.b O.sub.x).sub.p as X.sup.1.sub.a X.sup.2.sub.b O.sub.x.
- 3. A process for gas-phase catalytic oxidation of a C.sub.3-6 alkane, alkanol, alkene or alkenal as in claim 1, wherein all the locally delimited regions with the chemical formula (X.sup.1.sub.a X.sup.2.sub.b O.sub.x) have a maximum diameter in the range of from 1 to 25 .mu.m.
- 4. A process for gas-phase catalytic oxidation of a C.sub.3-6 alkane, alkanol, alkene or alkenal as in claim 2, wherein all the locally delimited regions with the chemical formula (X.sup.1.sub.a X.sup.2.sub.b O.sub.x) have a maximum diameter in the range of from 1 to 25 .mu.m.
- 5. A process for gas-phase catalytic oxidation of a C.sub.3-6 alkane, alkanol, alkene or alkenal as in claim 1, wherein X.sup.1 is bismuth.
- 6. A process for gas-phase catalytic oxidation of a C.sub.3-6 alkane, alkanol, alkene or alkenal as in claim 2, wherein X.sup.1 is bismuth.
- 7. A process for gas-phase catalytic oxidation of a C.sub.3-6 alkane, alkanol, alkene or alkenal as in claim 1, wherein X.sup.1.sub.a X.sup.2.sub.b O.sub.x is identical with Bi.sub.2 W.sub.2 O.sub.9.
- 8. A process for gas-phase catalytic oxidation of a C.sub.3-6 alkane, alkanol, alkene or alkenal as in claim 2, wherein X.sup.1.sub.a X.sup.2.sub.b O.sub.X is identical with Bi.sub.2 W.sub.2 O.sub.9.
- 9. A process for gas-phase catalytic oxidation of a C.sub.3-6 alkane, alkanol, alkene or alkenal as in claim 3, wherein X.sup.1 is bismuth.
- 10. A process for gas-phase catalytic oxidation of a C.sub.3-6 alkane, alkanol, alkene or alkenal as in claim 4, wherein X.sup.1 is bismuth.
- 11. A process for gas-phase catalytic oxidation of a C.sub.3-6 alkane, alkanol, alkene or alkenal as In claim 3, wherein X.sup.1.sub.a X.sup.2.sub.b O.sub.x is identical with Bi.sub.2 W.sub.2 O.sub.9.
- 12. A process for gas-phase catalytic oxidation of a C.sub.3-6 alkane, alkanol, alkene or alkenal as in claim 4, wherein X.sup.1.sub.a X.sup.2.sub.b O.sub.x is identical with Bi.sub.2 W.sub.2 O.sub.9.
- 13. A process for gas-phase catalytic oxidation of a C.sub.3-6 alkane, alkanol, alkene or alkenal as in claim 5, where X.sup.1.sub.a X.sup.2.sub.b O.sub.x is identical with Bi.sub.2 W.sub.2 O.sub.9.
- 14. A process for gas-phase catalytic oxidation of a C.sub.3-6 alkane, alkanol, alkene or alkenal as in claim 6, wherein X.sup.1.sub.a X.sup.2.sub.b O.sub.x is identical with Bi.sub.2 W.sub.2 O.sub.9.
- 15. A process for gas-phase catalytic oxidation of a C.sub.3-6 alkane, alkanol, alkene or alkenal as in claim 9, wherein X.sup.1.sub.a X.sup.2.sub.b O.sub.x is identical with Bi.sub.2 W.sub.2 O.sub.9.
- 16. A process for gas-phase catalytic oxidation of a C.sub.3-6 alkane, alkanol, alkene or alkenal as in claim 10, wherein X.sup.1.sub.a X.sup.2.sub.b O.sub.x is identical with Bi.sub.2 W.sub.2 O.sub.9.
- 17. A process for gas-phase catalytic oxidation of a C.sub.3-6 alkane, alkanol, alkene or alkenal as in claim 1, wherein said alkene is propene.
- 18. A process for gas-phase catalytic oxidation of a C.sub.3-6 alkane, alkanol, alkene or alkenal as in claim 15, wherein said alkene is propene.
- 19. A process for gas-phase catalytic oxidation of a C.sub.3-6 alkane, alkanol, alkene or alkenal as in claim 1, wherein said alkene is 2-methylpropene.
- 20. A process for gas-phase catalytic oxidation of a alkane, alkanol, alkene or alkenal as in claim 15, wherein said alkene is 2-methylpropene.
- 21. A process for gas-phase catalytic oxidation of a C.sub.3-6 alkane, alkanol, alkene or alkenal, comprising the step of:
- contacting said alkane, alkanol, alkene or alkenal with a catalyst;
- wherein said catalyst has a composition of the formula I:
- (X.sup.1.sub.a X.sup.2.sub.b O.sub.x).sub.p (X.sup.3.sub.c X.sup.4.sub.d X.sup.5.sub.e X.sup.6.sub.f X.sup.7.sub.g X.sup.2.sub.h O.sub.y).sub.q
- where
- X.sup.1 is bismuth, tellurium, antimony, tin and/or copper;
- X.sup.2 is molybdenum and/or tungsten;
- X.sup.3 is an alkali metal, thallium and/or samarium;
- X.sup.4 is an alkaline earth metal, nickel, cobalt, copper, manganese, zinc, tin, cadmium, and/or mercury;
- X.sup.5 is iron, chromium, cerium and/or vanadium;
- X.sup.6 is phosphorus, arsenic, boron and/or antimony;
- X.sup.7 is a rare-earth metal, titanium, zirconium, niobium, tantalum, rhenium, ruthenium, rhodium, silver, gold, aluminum, gallium, indium, silicon, germanium, lead, thorium and/or uranium;
- a is from 0.01 to 8;
- b is from 0.1 to 30;
- c is from 0 to 4;
- d is from 0 to 20;
- e is from 0 to 20;
- f is from 0 to 6;
- g is from 0 to 15;
- h is from 8 to 16;
- x and y are numbers determined by the valency and frequency of the elements in formula I other than oxygen, and p and q are numbers whose ratio p/q is from 0.1 to 10, synthesized by
- preparing a first finely divided powder from a calcined mixed oxide X.sup.1.sub.a X.sup.2.sub.b O.sub.x, wherein said mixed oxide has a maximum particle diameter in the range from 1 to 25 .mu.m,
- preparing a second finely divided powder containing X.sup.3, X.sup.4, X.sup.5, X.sup.6, X.sup.7 and X.sup.2, wherein said second powder is in a form which is already oxidic and/or can be converted into oxidic form by calcination,
- mixing said first and said second powder to form a mixture, and
- calcining said mixture.
- 22. A process for gas-phase catalytic oxidation of a C.sub.3-6 alkane, alkanol, alkene or alkenal as in claim 21, wherein said alkene is propene.
- 23. A process for gas-phase catalytic oxidation of a alkane, alkanol, alkene or alkenal as in claim 21, wherein said alkene is 2-methylpropene.
Priority Claims (1)
Number |
Date |
Country |
Kind |
42 20 859.9 |
Jun 1992 |
DEX |
|
Parent Case Info
This is a division of application Ser. No. 08/064,428 , filed on May 21, 1993, now U.S. Pat. No. 5,364,825 on Nov. 15, 1994.
US Referenced Citations (2)
Number |
Name |
Date |
Kind |
5153162 |
Kurimoto et al. |
Oct 1992 |
|
5198581 |
Kawajiri et al. |
Mar 1993 |
|
Divisions (1)
|
Number |
Date |
Country |
Parent |
64428 |
May 1993 |
|