Patent Application
20240059680
The present invention relates to medicinal chemistry, pharmacology, and veterinary and human medicine. More particularly, the present invention relates to compounds of formula (I) and their use in the control of endoparasites, for example heartworms, in warm-blooded animals.
Heartworm (Dirofilaria immitis) is a parasitic roundworm that is spread from host to host through the bites of mosquitoes. The lifecycle starts when a female mosquito takes a blood meal from an infected host. The mosquito ingests immature heartworms which then molt to the infective larvae stage and travel to the mosquitoes' mouth parts. The mosquito then feeds on a susceptible host, such as a dog or cat, depositing the infective larvae. The larvae then molt to the next larval stage in the new host and then migrate through the
body, eventually ending up in the blood vessels. As the larvae migrate through the tissues they molt into juvenile adults. The juvenile adults eventually move into the blood vessels of the lungs where they mature into sexually active adults. The adult heartworms then breed and release immature heartworms completing the cycle. Heartworm infection may result in serious disease for the host.
Adult heartworm infections may be treated with arsenic-based compounds; the treatment is time consuming, cumbersome, and often only partly successful. Accordingly, treatment is focused on the control of heartworm infection. Heartworm control is currently performed exclusively by year round periodical administration of drugs. Typical treatments include macrocyclic lactones such as ivermectin, moxidectin, and milbemycin oxime. Unfortunately, developing resistance of Dirofilaria immitis to macrocyclic lactones has been observed. Accordingly, there is a need for new compounds which effectively control heartworm infections either by way of prophylaxis or by directly killing heartworms. Certain treatments of endoparasites are described in WO/2017/178416, WO/2018/087036, WO/2018/197401, WO/2019/025341, WO/2019/002132, WO/2020/014068, WO/2020/131629, WO/2020/131631, and WO/2020/191091.
The present invention provides compounds of formula (I) which effectively treat and/or control endoparasites (e.g., heartworm) in warm-blooded animals.
In one embodiment, the present invention provides compounds of formula (I)
The present invention also provides pharmaceutical compositions, comprising: a compound of formula (I) or a salt thereof and at least one an acceptable carrier, the composition optionally further comprising at least one additional active compound.
In one embodiment, the present invention also provides a method for treating parasites, comprising: administering to a subject in need thereof an effective amount of a compound of formula (I) or a salt thereof, the method optionally further comprising an effective amount of at least one additional active compound.
In one embodiment, the present invention also provides a method for controlling parasites, comprising: administering to a subject in need thereof an effective amount of a compound of formula (I) or a salt thereof, the method optionally further comprising an effective amount of at least one additional active compound.
In one embodiment, the present invention also provides a method for treating or controlling parasites, comprising: contacting a subject's environment with an effective amount of a compound of formula (I) or a salt thereof, the method optionally further comprising an effective amount of at least one additional active compound.
Thus, the invention provides for a use of the compounds of the invention as a medicament, including for the manufacture of a medicament. In one embodiment, the invention provides a manufacture of a medicament comprising a compound of formula (I) or a salt thereof for treating parasites. In one embodiment, the invention provides a manufacture of a medicament comprising a compound of formula (I) or a salt thereof for controlling parasites.
The present invention also provides processes from making compounds of the invention and intermediates thereof.
In accordance with a first aspect, the present invention covers compounds of formula (I)
A preferred embodiment provides compounds of formula (I), wherein
A preferred embodiment provides compounds of formula (I), wherein
A preferred embodiment provides compounds of formula (I), wherein
A preferred embodiment provides compounds of formula (I), wherein
A preferred embodiment provides compounds of formula (I), wherein
A preferred embodiment provides compounds of formula (I), wherein
A preferred embodiment provides compounds of formula (I), wherein
A preferred embodiment provides compounds of formula (I) having formula (Ia-1), or a salt thereof,
A preferred embodiment provides compounds of formula (I) having formula (Ia-1) or a salt thereof, wherein A1 is CRA1; A2 is CRA2; A3 is CRA3; B1 is CRB1; B2 is N; and X1 is N.
A preferred embodiment provides compounds of formula (I) having formula (Ia-1) or a salt thereof, wherein A1 is N; A2 is CRA2; A3 is CRA3; B1 is CRB1; B2 is N; and X1 is N.
A preferred embodiment provides compounds of formula (I) having formula (Ia-2), or a salt thereof,
A preferred embodiment provides compounds of formula (I) having formula (Ia-2), or a salt thereof, wherein
A preferred embodiment provides compounds of formula (I) having formula (Ia-3), or a salt thereof
A preferred embodiment provides compounds of formula (I) having formula (Ia-3), or a salt thereof, wherein A1 is CRA1; A2 is CRA2; A3 is CRA3; B1 is CRB1; and B3 is S.
A preferred embodiment provides compounds of formula (I) having formula (Ia-3), or a salt thereof, wherein A1 is N; A2 is CRA2; A3 is CRA3; B1 is CRB1; and B3 is S.
A preferred embodiment provides compounds of formula (I) having formula (Ia-3), or a salt thereof, wherein A1 is CRA1; A2 is CRA2; A3 is N; B1 is CRB1; and B3 is S.
A preferred embodiment provides compounds of formula (I) having formula (Ia-3), or a salt thereof, wherein RA1 is halogen, preferably fluoro; RA2 is hydrogen; RB1 is isopropyl or 2-hydroxyisopropyl; and Q is 2,3,5-trifluorophenyl.
A preferred embodiment provides compounds of formula (I) having formula (Ia-4), or a salt thereof
A preferred embodiment provides compounds of formula (I) having formula (Ia-4), or a salt thereof, wherein A1 is CRA1; A2 is CRA2; A3 is CRA3; B2 is N; and B4 is NRB4.
A preferred embodiment provides compounds of formula (I) having formula (Ia-4), or a salt thereof, wherein A1 is N; A2 is CRA2; A3 is CRA3; B2 is N; and B4 is NRB4.
A preferred embodiment provides compounds of formula (I) having formula (Ia-5), or a salt thereof
A preferred embodiment provides compounds of formula (I) having formula (Ia-5), or a salt thereof, wherein A2 is CRA2; A3 is N; B1 is CRB1; B2 is N; B5 is CRB5; and X1 is N.
A preferred embodiment provides compounds of formula (I) having formula (Ja-5), or a salt thereof, wherein A2 is CRA2; A3 is N; B1 is CRB1; B2 is N; B5 is N; and X1 is N.
A preferred embodiment provides compounds of formula (I) having formula (Ja-5), or a salt thereof, wherein A2 is N; A3 is CRA3; B1 is CRB1; B2 is N; B5 is CRB5; and X1 is N.
A preferred embodiment provides compounds of formula (I) having formula (Ja-6), or a salt thereof
A preferred embodiment provides compounds of formula (I) having formula (Ja-6), or a salt thereof, wherein A2 is N; A3 is N; B1 is CRB1; B2 is CRB2; B5 is CRB5; and X2 is N.
A preferred embodiment provides compounds of formula (I) having formula (Ia-7), or a salt thereof
A preferred embodiment provides compounds of formula (I) having formula (Ja-8), or a salt thereof
A preferred embodiment provides compounds of formula (I) having formula (Ja-8), or a salt thereof, wherein A2 is N; A3 is N; A5 is N; B1 is CRB1; B2 is CRB2; and B5 is CRB5.
A preferred embodiment provides compounds of formula (I) having formula (Ia-8), or a salt thereof, wherein A2 is N; A3 is N; A5 is N; B1 is CRB1; B2 is N; and B5 is CRB5.
A preferred embodiment provides compounds of formula (I) having formula (Ia-8), or a salt thereof, wherein A2 is N; A3 is CRA3; A5 is N; B1 is CRB1; B2 is N; and B5 is CRB5.
A preferred embodiment provides compounds of formula (I) having formula (Ia-9), or a salt thereof
A preferred embodiment provides compounds of formula (I) having formula (Ia-9), or a salt thereof, wherein A2 is CRA2; A3 is N; B1 is CRB1; B3 is S; and X1 is N.
A preferred embodiment provides compounds of formula (I) having formula (Ia-10), or a salt thereof
A preferred embodiment provides compounds of formula (I) having formula (Ia-11), or a salt thereof
A preferred embodiment provides compounds of formula (I), wherein
and
A preferred embodiment provides compounds of formula (I), wherein
A preferred embodiment provides compounds of formula (I), wherein
and
A preferred embodiment provides compounds of formula (I), wherein
and
A preferred embodiment provides compounds of formula (I), wherein
A preferred embodiment provides compounds of formula (I), wherein
A preferred embodiment provides compounds of formula (I), wherein
A preferred embodiment provides compounds of formula (I), wherein
A preferred embodiment provides compounds of formula (I), wherein
A preferred embodiment provides compounds of formula (I), or a salt thereof, wherein Q is selected from:
A preferred embodiment provides compounds of formula (I), or a salt thereof, wherein Q is
A preferred embodiment provides compounds of formula (I), or a salt thereof, wherein n is 1;
A preferred embodiment provides compounds of formula (I), wherein Y1 is CR8R9 and Y2 is O; or a salt thereof.
A preferred embodiment provides compounds of formula (I), wherein n is 1, Y1 is CR8R9, Y2 is O, Z1 is CR11, Z2 is CRII, Z3 is CR11, Z4 is CR11, or a salt thereof.
A preferred embodiment provides compounds of formula (I), wherein
A preferred embodiment provides compounds of formula (I), wherein RB1, when present, is selected from the group consisting of C1-C4 alkyl, hydroxy-substituted C1-C4 alkyl, C3-C6 cycloalkyl, —N(C1-C4 alkyl)2, and 4- to 7-membered heterocycloalkyl; or a salt thereof.
A preferred embodiment provides compounds of formula (I), or a salt thereof, wherein RB1, when present, is 4-morpholino, isopropyl, or 2-hydroxyisopropyl.
A preferred embodiment provides compounds of formula (I), or a salt thereof, wherein RB1, when present, is selected from:
A preferred embodiment provides compounds of formula (I), wherein RB4, when present, is selected from the group consisting of C1-C4 alkyl, hydroxy-substituted C1-C4 alkyl, C3-C6 cycloalkyl, —N(C1-C4 alkyl)2, and 4- to 7-membered heterocycloalkyl; or a salt thereof.
A preferred embodiment provides compounds of formula (I), or a salt thereof, wherein RB4, when present, is 4-morpholino, isopropyl, or 2-hydroxyisopropyl.
A preferred embodiment provides compounds of formula (I), or a salt thereof, wherein RB4, when present, is isopropyl.
A preferred embodiment provides compounds of formula (I), wherein
A preferred embodiment provides compounds of formula (I), wherein the compound is selected from the group consisting of:
In accordance with a further aspect, the present invention covers a pharmaceutical composition comprising a compound of formula (I), as described supra, or a salt thereof, and at least one acceptable carrier.
In accordance with a further aspect, the present invention covers a compound of formula (I), as described supra, or a pharmaceutical composition, as described supra, for use in the control, treatment and/or prevention of a disease.
In a preferred embodiment, the disease is an infection caused by endoparasites.
In a preferred embodiment, the disease is a helminthic infection.
In a preferred embodiment, the disease is a heartworm infection.
In accordance with a further aspect, the present invention covers a use of a compound of formula (I), as described supra, or a pharmaceutical composition, as described supra, for the control, treatment and/or prevention of a disease.
In accordance with a further aspect, the present invention covers a use of a compound of formula (I), as described supra, or a pharmaceutical composition, as described supra, for the preparation of a medicament for the control, treatment and/or prevention of a disease.
In a preferred embodiment, the disease is an infection caused by endoparasites.
In a preferred embodiment, the disease is a helminthic infection.
In a preferred embodiment, the disease is a heartworm infection.
In accordance with a further aspect, the present invention covers a method for controlling endoparasitic infections in humans and/or animals by administering an effective amount of at least one compound of formula (I), as described supra, to a human or an animal in need thereof.
In a preferred embodiment, the endoparasitic disease is a helminthic infection.
In a preferred embodiment, the endoparasitic disease is a heartworm infection.
In a particular further embodiment, the present invention covers combinations of two or more of the above mentioned embodiments.
The present invention covers any sub-combination within any embodiment or aspect of the present invention of compounds of formula (I), supra.
The term “C1-C4 alkyl” refers to a straight or branched alkyl chain having from one to four carbon atoms and includes methyl, ethyl, propyl, isopropyl, butyl, and the like.
The term “C1-C4 halogenoalkyl” refers to a straight or branched alkyl chain having from one to four carbon atoms and 1 to 5 halogen and includes fluoromethyl, difluoromethyl, trifluoromethyl, 2,2,2-trifluoroethyl, 1,2,2-trifluoroethyl, 3,3,3-trifluoropropyl, and the like.
The term “C2-C4 alkenyl” refers to a straight or branched alkenyl chain having from two to four carbon atoms and one carbon-carbon double bond, and includes ethylene, propylene, iso-propylene, butylene, iso-butylene, sec-butylene, and the like.
The term “C2-C4 alkynyl” refers to a straight or branched alkynyl chain having from two to four carbon atoms and one carbon-carbon triple bond, and includes acetylene, propargyl, and the like.
The term “C1-C4 alkoxy” refers to a C1-C4 alkyl attached through an oxygen atom and includes methoxy, ethoxy, propoxy, isopropoxy, butoxy, and the like.
The term “C3-C6 cycloalkyl” refers to an alkyl ring of three to six carbon atoms, and includes cyclopropyl, cyclobutyl, cyclopentyl, and cyclohexyl.
The terms “halogen” and “halogeno” refers to a chloro, fluoro, bromo or iodo atom.
The term “C6- or C10-membered aryl” refers to phenyl or naphthyl.
The term “C6- or C10-membered aryloxy” refers to phenyl or naphthyl attached through an oxygen atom and includes phenoxy and naphtyloxy.
The term “C6- or C10-membered arylthio-oxy” refers to phenyl or naphthyl attached through an sulfur atom and includes phenthio-oxy and naphtylthio-oxy. Further it is understood that the term “C6- or C10-membered arylthio-oxy” also encompasses in which the sulfur is the —SO2— and —S(O)—.
The term “4- to 7-membered heterocycloalkyl” refers to a 4 to 7 membered monocyclic saturated or partially (but not fully) unsaturated ring having one or more heteroatoms, preferably one, two, or three heteroatoms, selected from the group consisting of nitrogen, oxygen, and sulfur and the ring optionally includes a carbonyl to form a lactam or lactone. It is understood that where sulfur is included that the sulfur may be either —S—, —SO—, or —SO2—. For example, but not limiting, the term includes azetidinyl, pyrrolidinyl, piperidinyl, piperazinyl, morpholinyl, thiomorpholinyl, oxetanyl, dioxolanyl, tetrahydropyranyl, tetrahydrothiopyranyl, tetrahydrofuryl, hexahydropyrimidinyl, tetrahydropyrimidinyl, dihydroimidazolyl, and the like.
The term “5-membered heteroaryl” refers to a five membered, monocyclic, fully unsaturated, ring with one to four carbon atoms and one to four heteroatoms selected from the group consisting of nitrogen, oxygen, and sulfur. For example, but not limiting, the term includes furyl, thienyl, pyrrolyl, imidazolyl, isothiazolyl, isoxazolyl, oxadiazolyl, oxazolyl, thiazolyl, thiadiazolyl, triazolyl, tetrazolyl, and the like. It is understood that a 5-membered heteroaryl can be attached as a substituent through a ring carbon or a ring nitrogen atom where such an attachment mode is available, for example for a pyrrolyl, imidazolyl, pyrazolyl, triazolyl, and the like.
The term “6-membered heteroaryl” refers to a six membered, monocyclic, fully unsaturated ring with one to five carbon atoms and one or more, typically one to four, heteroatoms selected from the group consisting of nitrogen, oxygen, and sulfur. For example, but not limiting, the term includes pyrazinyl, pyrazolyl, pyridazinyl, pyridyl, pyrimidyl, and the like. It is understood that a 6-membered heteroaryl can be attached as a substituent through a ring carbon or a ring nitrogen atom where such an attachment mode is available.
The term “5- to 10-membered heteroaryl” refers to a five to ten membered, monocyclic or polycyclic fully unsaturated, ring or ring system with one to nine carbon atoms and one or more heteroatoms, preferably one, two, or three heteroatoms, selected from the group consisting of nitrogen, oxygen, and sulfur. For example, but not limiting, the term includes furyl, thienyl, pyrrolyl, imidazolyl, isothiazolyl, isoxazolyl, oxadiazolyl, oxazolyl, thiazolyl, pyrazinyl, pyrazolyl, pyridazinyl, pyridyl, pyrimidyl, azepinyl, diazepinyl, benzofuryl, benzothienyl, indolyl, isoindolyl, benzimidazolyl, benzisothiazolyl, benzisoxazolyl, benzoxazolyl, benzopyrazinyl, benzopyrazolyl, quinazolyl, thienopyridyl, quinolyl, isoquinolyl, benzothiazolyl and the like. It is understood that a 5- to 10-membered heteroaryl having 1, 2, or 3 heteroatoms selected from the group O, S, and N can be attached as a substituent through a ring carbon or a ring nitrogen atom where such an attachment mode is available.
The term “5- to 10-membered heteroaryloxy” refers to a 5- to 10-membered heteroaryl having one or more heteroatoms, preferably 1, 2, or 3 heteroatoms, selected from the group O, S, and N, attached through an oxygen atom and includes imidazolyloxy, pyrazolyloxy, pyridyloxy, pyrimidyloxy, quinolyloxy, and the like.
The term “oxo” refers to an oxygen atom doubly bonded to the carbon to which it is attached to form the carbonyl of a ketone or aldehyde. For example, a pyridone radical is contemplated as an oxo substituted 6-membered heteroaryl.
The term “carboxyl” refers to the group below:
The term “carbamoyl” refers to the group below:
The term “C1-C4 alkoxy carbonyl” refers the group below:
The term “nil” as used herein with reference to a group, substituent, moiety, or the like, indicates that that group, substituent, or moiety is not present. Wherein a group, substituent, or moiety is ordinarily bonded to two or more other groups, substituents, or moieties, the others are bonded together in lieu of the group, substituent, or moiety which is nil. For example, with a compound having the structure A-B-C; wherein B is nil, then A is directly bonded to C and the compound is A-C. As another example, with a compound having the structure A-B-C; wherein C is nil, then the compound is A-B.
The term “salt” refers to salts of veterinary or pharmaceutically acceptable organic acids and bases or inorganic acids and bases. Such salts are well known in the art and include those described in Journal of Pharmaceutical Science, 66, 2-19 (1977). An example is the hydrochloride salt.
The term “substituted,” including when used in “optionally substituted” refers to one or more hydrogen radicals of a group being replaced with non-hydrogen radicals (substituent(s)). It is understood that the substituents may be either the same or different at every substituted position.
Combinations of groups and substituents envisioned by this invention are those that are stable or chemically feasible. For compounds described herein, groups and substituents thereof may be selected in accordance with permitted valence of the atoms and the substituents, such that the selections and substitutions result in a stable compound, e.g., which does not spontaneously undergo transformation such as by rearrangement, cyclization, elimination, etc.
It is understood that when a cycloalkyl or heterocycloalkyl ring is substituted with a spiro group, the spiro group can be attached, valency permitting, to any position of the cycloalkyl or heterocycloalkyl, forming an additional ring such that the spiro group is attached to the cycloalkyl or heterocycloalkyl ring through a common atom. Examples of such spiro substituted rings include 2-oxa-6-azaspiro[3.3]heptane, 2-azaspiro[3.3]heptane, 2-azaspiro[3.4]octane, 6-oxa-2-azaspiro[3.4]octane, and the like.
The term “stable” refers to compounds that are not substantially altered when subjected to conditions to allow for their production. In a non-limiting example, a stable compound or chemically feasible compound is one that is not substantially altered when kept at a temperature of 40° C. or less, in the absence of moisture or other chemically reactive conditions, for about a week.
It is understood that, where the terms defined herein mention a number of carbon atoms, that the mentioned number refers to the mentioned group and does not include any carbons that may be present in any optional substituent(s) thereon or any carbons that may be present as part of a fused ring, including a benzo-fused ring.
The skilled artisan will appreciate that certain of the compounds of the present invention exist as isomers. All stereoisomers of the compounds of the invention, including geometric isomers, enantiomers, and diastereomers, in any ratio, are contemplated to be within the scope of the present invention.
The skilled artisan will also appreciate that certain of the compounds of the present invention exist as tautomers. All tautomeric forms the compounds of the invention are contemplated to be within the scope of the present invention.
Compounds of the invention also include all isotopic variations, in which at least one atom of the predominant atom mass is replaced by an atom having the same atomic number, but an atomic mass different from the predominant atomic mass. Use of isotopic variations (e.g., deuterium, 2H) may afford greater metabolic stability. Additionally, certain isotopic variations of the compounds of the invention may incorporate a radioactive isotope (e.g., tritium, 3H, or 14C), which may be useful in drug and/or substrate tissue distribution studies. Substitution with positron emitting isotopes, such as 11C, 18F, 15O and 13N, may be useful in Positron Emission Topography (PET) studies.
The terms “compounds of the invention” and “a compound of the invention” and “compounds of the present invention” and a like include the embodiment of formula (I) and the other more particular embodiments encompassed by formula (I) described herein and the exemplified compounds described herein and a salt of each of these embodiments.
The compound of formula (I) with G as defined has the formulae:
Another embodiment provides compounds of formulae:
In another embodiment for formula (Ia-1) through (Ia-11a) [i.e., formulae (Ia-1), (Ia-1a), (Ia-1a-AA), (Ia-1a-A), (Ia-1a-A1), (Ia-1a-A2), (Ia-1a-BB), (Ia-1a-B), (Ia-1a-B1), (Ia-1a-B2), (Ia-2), (Ia-2a), (Ia-2a-AA), (Ia-2a-A), (Ia-2a-A1), (Ia-2a-A2), (Ia-3), (Ia-3a), (Ia-3a-AA), (Ia-3a-A), (Ia-3a-A1), (Ia-3a-A2), (Ia-3a-BB), (Ia-3a-B), (Ia-3a-B1), (Ia-3a-B2), (Ia-3a-CC), (Ia-3a-C), (Ia-3a-C1), (Ia-3a-C2), (Ia-4), (Ia-4a), (Ia-4a-AA), (Ia-4a-A), (Ia-4a-A1), (Ia-4a-BB), (Ia-4a-B), (Ia-4a-B1), (Ia-5), (Ia-5a), (Ia-5a-AA), (Ia-5a-A), (Ia-5a-A1), (Ia-5a-A2), (Ia-5a-B), (Ia-5a-B1), (Ia-5a-B2), (Ia-5a-CC), (Ia-5a-C), (Ia-5a-C1), (Ia-5a-C2), (Ia-6), (Ia-6a), (Ia-6a-AA), (Ia-6a-A), (Ia-6a-A1), (Ia-6a-A2), (Ia-7), (Ia-7a), (Ia-8), (Ia-8a), (Ia-8a-AA), (Ia-8a-A), (Ia-8a-A1), (Ia-8a-A2), (Ia-8a-BB), (Ia-8a-B), (Ia-8a-B1), (Ia-8a-B2), (Ia-8a-CC), (Ia-8a-C), (Ia-8a-C1), (Ia-8a-C2), (Ia-9), (Ia-9a), (Ja-9a-A), (Ja-9a-A1), (Ja-9a-A2), (Ia-10), (Ja-10a), (Ia-11), and (Ia-11a)], RA1, RA2, RA3, when present [i.e., when specifically depicted in the formula], are each independently selected from hydrogen, C1-C4 alkyl, C1-C4 halogenoalkyl, halogen, and cyano. In another embodiment for formula (Ia-1) through (Ia-11a), RA1, RA2, RA3, when present, are each independently selected from hydrogen and methyl.
In another embodiment for formula (Ia-1) through (Ia-11a), RB1 when present, is selected from
In another embodiment for formula (Ia-1) through (Ia-11a), RB1, when present, is selected from:
In another embodiment for formula (Ia-1) through (Ia-11a), RB4, when present, is selected from:
In another embodiment for formula (Ia-1) through (Ia-11a), R7, when present, is hydrogen.
In another embodiment for formula (Ia-1) through (Ia-11a), Q is selected from a 6-membered aryl and a 5- or 6-membered heteroaryl having 1, 2, or 3 heteroatoms independently selected from N, O, and S, wherein the aryl and heteroaryl are optionally substituted by 1, 2, 3, 4, or 5 substituents independently selected from halogen, C1-C4 halogenoalkyl, and C1-C4 alkoxy. In another embodiment for formula (Ia-1) through (Ia-11a), Q is selected from a 6-membered aryl optionally substituted by 1, 2, 3, 4, or 5 substituents independently selected from halogen.
In another embodiment for formula (Ia-1) through (Ia-11a), Q is selected from:
In another embodiment for formula (Ia-1) through (Ia-11a), Q is selected from:
In another embodiment for formula (Ia-1) through (Ia-11a),
The compounds of the invention can be prepared by a variety of procedures, some of which are described below. All substituents, unless otherwise indicated, are as previously defined.
The products of each step can be recovered by conventional methods including extraction, evaporation, precipitation, chromatography, filtration, trituration, crystallization, and the like. The procedures may require protection of certain groups, for example hydroxyl, thiol, amino, or carboxyl groups to minimize unwanted reactions. The selection, use, and removal of protecting groups are well known and appreciated as standard practice, for example T. W. Greene and P. G. M. Wuts in Protective Groups in Organic Chemistry (John Wiley and Sons, 1991).
As used herein: AcOH refers to acetic acid; aq. refers to aqueous, br refers to broad, CH3CN refers to acetonitrile, CH2Cl2 refers to methylene chloride, d refers to doublet, dd refers to doublet of doublet, DIPEA refers to N-diisopropylethylamine, DMA refers to N,N-dimethylacetamide, DMF refers to N,N-dimethylformamide, DMSO refers to dimethylsulfoxide, ee: refers to enantiomeric excess, eq. refers to equivalent, ES refers to electrospray ionization, EtOAc refers to ethyl acetate, EtOH refers to ethanol, h refers to hour(s), H2O refers to water, HATU refers to 1-[Bis(dimethylamino)methylene]-1H-1,2,3-triazolo[4,5-b]pyridinium 3-oxid hexafluorophosphate, HPLC refers to high performance liquid chromatography, iPrOH refers to isopropanol, J refers to coupling constant, KOAc refers to potassium acetate, K2CO3 refers to potassium carbonate, LCMS refers to liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry, m/z: refers to mass-to-charge ratio, M refers to molarity, m refers to multiplet, MeOH refers to methanol, min refers to minutes, NaHCO3 refers to sodium bicarbonate, Na2CO3 refers to sodium carbonate, NEt3 refers to triethylamine, NMR refers to nuclear magnetic resonance, NMP refers to N-methylpyrrolidone, PE refers to petroleum ether, PEG refers to polethyleneglycol, q refers to quartet, quint. refers to quintet, rt refers to room temperature, Rt refers to retention time, s refers to singlet, sat. refers to saturated, T refers to temperature, t refers to triplet, td refers to triplet of doublets, THF refers to tetrahydrofuran, wt refers to weight, and Q refers to chemical shift.
Scheme A depicts the reaction of a compound of formula (1) and a compound of formula (2) to give a compound of formula (Ia). The depicted compound of formula (1) is one in which the group Rx is a hydroxyl group, or an activating group as is discussed below, and J and M are as desired in the final compound of formula (Ia) or a group that gives rise to J and M as desired in the final compound of formula (Ia). The preparation of such compounds of formula (1) is readily appreciated in the art. A compound of formula (2) is one in which R7, n, Y1, Y2, Z1, Z2, Z3, and Z4 are as desired in the final product of formula (Ia) or a group that gives rise to R7, Y1, Y2, Z1, Z2, Z3, and Z4 as desired in the final product of formula (Ia). The preparation of such compounds of formula (2) is readily appreciated in the art.
As mentioned above, Scheme A depicts the reaction of a compound of formula (1) using a compound of formula (2) to give a compound of formula (Ia). Typical groups Rx are hydroxyl or a leaving group, such as chloro, bromo, or imidazolyl, an activating moiety, a mixed anhydride of another carboxylic acid, such as formic acid, acetic acid, or represents the other part of a symmetrical anhydride formed from two compounds of formula (1). For example, standard amide forming conditions can be used, such as those using coupling agents, including those used in peptide couplings, such as 2-(1H-7-azabenzotriazol-1-yl)-1,1,3,3-tetramethyl uronium hexafluorophosphate methanaminium (HATU), dicyclohexylcarbodiimide (DCC), and 1-(3-dimethylaminopropyl)-3-ethylcarbodiimide-HCl. If necessary or desired, an additive such as 4-(dimethylamino)pyridine, 1-hydroxybenzotriazole, and the like may be used to facilitate the reaction. Such reactions are generally carried out using a base, such as N-methylmorpholine or NEt3, in a wide variety of suitable solvents such as CH2Cl2, DMF, NMP, DMA, THF, and the like. Such reactions are well understood and appreciated in the art. As is well known, a compound of (Ia) in which M is O can be further elaborated to a compound in which M is S or in which M is NR13.
It will be recognized by one of ordinary skill in the art that a compound of formula (Ia) can be elaborated in a variety of ways to give other compounds of formula (Ia). Such reactions include hydrolysis, oxidation, reduction, alkylation, arylation (including heteroaryl groups) amidations, sulfonations, and the like.
Also, in an optional step, not shown, the compounds of formula (Ia) can be converted to salts by methods well known and appreciated in the art.
Scheme B depicts the reaction of a compound of formula (3) and a compound of formula (4) to give a compound of formula (Ib). In the depicted compound of formula (3), J and R7 are as desired in the final compound of formula (Ib) or a group that gives rise to J and R7 as desired in the final compound of formula (Ib). The preparation of such compounds of formula (3) is readily appreciated in the art. A compound of formula (4) is one in which the group Ry is a carboxy group, or an activating group as is discussed below, and n, Y1, Y2, Z1, Z2, Z3, and Z4 are as desired in the final product of formula (Tb) or a group that gives rise to Y1, Y2, Z1, Z2, Z3, and Z4 as desired in the final product of formula (Ib). The preparation of such compounds of formula (4) is readily appreciated in the art.
As mentioned above, Scheme B depicts the reaction of a compound of formula (3) in which using a compound of formula (4) to give a compound of formula (Ib). Typical groups Ry are carboxy or an acid chloride or acid bromide, or imidazide, an activating moiety, a mixed anhydride of another carboxylic acid, such as formic acid, acetic acid, or represents the other part of a symmetrical anhydride formed from two compounds of formula (4) in which Ry is carboxy derivative or another activated moiety. Such reactions are generally carried out using a base, such as N-methylmorpholine or triethylamine, in a wide variety of suitable solvents such as CH2Cl2, DMF, N-methylpyrrolidone (NMP), DMA, THF, and the like. As is well known, a compound of (Ib) in which M is O can be further elaborated to a compound in which M is S or in which M is NR13.
Scheme C depicts the reaction of a compound of formula (5) and a compound of formula (6) to give a compound of formula (Ib). The depicted compound of formula (5) is the same as the a compound of formula (3) described in Scheme B. A compound of formula (6) is one in which is one in which the depicted n, Y1, Y2, Z1, Z2, Z3, and Z4 are as desired in the final product of formula (Ib) or a group that gives rise to the depicted Y1, Y2, Z1, Z2, Z3, and Z4 as desired in the final product of formula (Ib). The preparation of such compounds of formula (6) is readily appreciated in the art. The formation of unsymmetrical ureas is well known using phosgene, carbonyldiimidazole, isopropenyl carbamates, and optionally substituted phenoxy carbonyl halides, such as p-nitrophenoxycarbonyl chloride.
Such reactions are generally carried out in a sequential manner by adding phosgene, carbonyldiimidazole, isopropenyl carbamates, and optionally substituted phenoxycarbonyl halides to either a compound of formula (5) or a compound of formula (6) using a base, such as N-methylmorpholine or triethylamine, in a wide variety of suitable solvents such as CH2Cl2, DMF, N-methylpyrrolidone (NMP), DMA, THF, and the like. Then the other of compound (5) or compound (6) is added.
It will be recognized by one of ordinary skill in the art that in Schemes B and C a compound of formula (Ib) can be elaborated in a variety of ways to give other compounds of formula (Ib). Such reactions include hydrolysis, oxidation, reduction, alkylation, arylation (including heteroaryl groups) amidations, sulfonations, and the like. As is well known, a compound of (Ib) in which M is O can be further elaborated to compound in M is S or in which M is NR13.
Also, in an optional step, not shown, the compounds of formula (Ib) can be converted to salts by methods well known and appreciated in the art.
The following examples are intended to be illustrative and non-limiting, and represent specific embodiments of the present invention.
Method A: Analyses were carried out on a Waters XBridge BEH C18 of 50 mm length, 2.1 mm internal diameter and 2.5 μm particle size. The mobile phase used was: A1=Water with 0.1% formic acid/B1=CH3CN with 0.1% formic acid. The run was performed at a temperature of 40° C. and a flow rate of 0.6 mL/min, with a gradient elution from 5% to 95% (B1) over 1.5 min followed by a 0.5 min hold at 95% (B1).
Method B1: Analyses were carried out on a SHIMADZU LCMS-UFLC 20-AD-LCMS 2020 MS detector; Column: CORTECS C18 2.7 μm, 50×2.1 mm; eluent A: H2O+0.1 vol % formic acid, eluent B: CH3CN+0.10 vol % formic acid; gradient: assigned for each compound; flow 1.2 mL/min; temperature: 40° C.; PDA scan: 190-400 nm.
Method B2: Analyses were carried out on a SHIMADZU LCMS-UFLC 20-AD-LCMS 2020 MS detector; Column: Ascentis Express C18 2.7 μm, 50×3.0 mm; eluent A: H2O+0.05 vol % trifluoroacetic acid, eluent B: CH3CN+0.05 vol % trifluoroacetic acid; gradient: assigned for each compound; flow 1.5 mL/min; temperature: 40° C.; PDA scan: 190-400 nm.
Method C: Analyses were carried out on a SHIMADZU LCMS-UFLC 20-AD-LCMS 2020 MS detector; Column: Infinity Lab Poroshell HPH-C18 2.7 μm, 50×3.0 mm; eluent A: H2O+0.05 vol % ammonium hydrogenocarbonate, eluent B: CH3CN; gradient: assigned for each compound; flow 1.2 mL/min; temperature: 40° C.; PDA scan: 190-400 nm.
Method D: Analyses were carried out on an Acquity UPLC BEH C18 column of 50 mm length, 2.1 mm internal diameter and 1.7 m particle size. The mobile phase used was: A1=Water with 10 mM Ammonium acetate/B1=CH3CN with 0.1% formic acid. The injection volume was 0.1 μL. The run was performed at a temperature of 45° C. and a flow rate of 0.5 mL/min, with a gradient elution. Method info (Time (min) and A %): 0-98; 0.3-98; 3.2-2; 4.4-2; 4.7-98.
Method E1: Analyses were carried out on an SHIMADZU LCMS-UFLC 20-AD-LCMS 2020 MS detector; Column: Kinetex EVO C18 2.6 μm, 50×3.0 mm; eluent A: H2O+0.05 vol % ammonium hydrogenocarbonate, eluent B: CH3CN; gradient: assigned for each compound; flow 1.5 mL/min; temperature: 40° C.; PDA scan: 190-400 nm.
Method E2: Analyses were carried out on an SHIMADZU LCMS-UFLC 20-AD-LCMS 2020 MS detector; Column: Luna Omega 3.0 μm, 50×3.0 mm; eluent A: H2O+0.1 vol % Formic acid, eluent B: CH3CN+0.1 vol % Formic acid; gradient: assigned for each compound; flow 1.2 mL/min; temperature: 40° C.; PDA scan: 190-400 nm.
Method F1: Analyses were carried out on an SHIMADZU LCMS-UFLC 20-AD-LCMS 2020 MS detector; Column: Cortecs-C18 2.7 μm, 50×2.1 mm; eluent A: H2O+0.09 vol % formic acid, eluent B: CH3CN+0.1 vol % formic acid; gradient: assigned for each compound; flow 1.0 mL/min; temperature: 40° C.; PDA scan: 190-400 nm.
Method F2: Analyses were carried out on an SHIMADZU LCMS-UFLC 20-AD-LCMS 2020 MS detector; Column: Ascentis Express C18 2.7 μm, 50×3.0 mm; eluent A: H2O+0.05 vol % trifluoroacetic acid, eluent B: CH3CN+0.05 vol % trifluoroacetic acid; gradient: assigned for each compound; flow 1.2 mL/min; temperature: 40° C.; PDA scan: 190-400 nm
Method G1: Analyses were carried out on an SHIMADZU LCMS-UFLC 20-AD-LCMS 2020 MS detector; Column: Kinetex EVO C18 2.6 μm, 50×3.0 mm; eluent A: H2O+0.05 vol % trifluoroacetic acid, eluent B: CH3CN+0.05 vol % trifluoroacetic acid; gradient: assigned for each compound; flow 1.2 mL/min; temperature: 40° C.; PDA scan: 190-400 nm.
Method G2: SHIMADZU LCMS-UFLC 20-AD-LCMS 2020 MS detector; Column: Shim-pack XR-ODS, 2.2 μm, 3.0×50 mm; eluent A: H2O+0.05 vol % trifluoroacetic acid, eluent B: CH3CN+0.05 vol % trifluoroacetic acid; gradient: assigned for each compound; flow 1.5 mL/min; temperature: 40° C.; PDA scan: 190-400 nm.
To a stirred solution of 1-bromo-2-fluoro-benzene (5 g, 28 mmol) in abs. THF (50 mL), LDA (21.4 mL, 2 M in abs. THF) was added dropwise at −78° C. and the reaction mixture was stirred for 3 h at same temperature. After adding N-methoxy-N,2-dimethyl-propanamide (3.7 g, 28.6 mmol), the resulting reaction mixture was stirred at −78° C. for 40 min. The reaction mixture was quenched by addition of saturated ammonium chloride solution (50 mL) and extracted with EtOAc (2×50 mL). The combined organic layers were washed with brine (50 mL), dried over anhydrous Na2SO4 and concentrated under reduced pressure. The crude compound was purified by silica gel column chromatography, eluting with 10% EtOAc in PE to obtain 1-(3-bromo-2-fluoro-phenyl)-2-methyl-propan-1-one.
To a stirred solution of 1-(3-bromo-2-fluoro-phenyl)-2-methyl-propan-1-one (3.5 g, 14.3 mmol) and ethyl 2-sulfanylacetate (1.5 g, 12.4 mmol) in DMF (25 mL), potassium carbonate (5.9 g, 42.8 mmol) was added and the resulting reaction mixture was stirred at 100° C. for 10 h. The reaction mixture was quenched by addition of water (30 mL) and extracted with EtOAc (2×50 mL). The combined organic layers were washed with brine (30 mL), dried over anhydrous Na2SO4 and concentrated under reduced pressure. The crude compound was purified by silica gel column chromatography eluting with 20% EtOAc in PE to obtain ethyl 7-bromo-3-isopropyl-benzothiophene-2-carboxylate.
To a stirred solution of ethyl 7-bromo-3-isopropyl-benzothiophene-2-carboxylate (2 g, 6.13 mmol) and (2,3,5-trifluorophenyl)boronic acid (4.32 g, 24.5 mmol) in dioxane (40 mL)-water (10 mL) mixture, Cs2CO3 (6 g, 18.4 mmol) was added and the reaction mixture was degassed using N2 for 10 min. Subsequently, PdCl2(dppf) (448 mg, 0.613 mmol) and tri tert butylphosphonium tetrafluoroborate (355 mg, 1.23 mmol) were added and the resulting reaction mixture was stirred at 90° C. for 16 h. The reaction mixture was quenched by adding water (20 mL) and extracted with EtOAc (3×20 mL). The combined organic layers were washed with brine (15 mL), dried over anhydrous Na2SO4 and concentrated under reduced pressure. The crude compound was purified by silica gel column chromatography eluting with 20% EtOAc in PE to obtain ethyl 3-isopropyl-7-(2,3,5-trifluorophenyl)benzothiophene-2-carboxylate.
To a stirred solution of ethyl 3-isopropyl-7-(2,3,5-trifluorophenyl)benzothiophene-2-carboxylate (0.5 g, 1.32 mmol) in water (10 mL) and dioxane (10 mL), LiOH (166 mg, 3.967 mmol) was added. The reaction mixture was stirred for 16 h at 90° C. The reaction mixture was quenched by adding HCl (5.0 mL, 2 N) and extracted with 5% methanol in CH2Cl2 solution (2×15 mL). The combined organic layers were washed with brine (15 mL), dried over anhydrous Na2SO4 and concentrated under reduced pressure. The product was purified by trituration with diethyl ether and pentane solution (1:1).
To a stirred solution of 3-isopropyl-7-(2,3,5-trifluorophenyl)benzothiophene-2-carboxylic acid (377 mg, 1.08 mmol) and 2,3-dihydro-1,4-benzoxazin-4-amine (242 mg, 1.62 mmol) in DMF (10.0 mL), HATU (613 mg, 1.615 mmol) was added and the reaction mixture was stirred at rt for 5 min. Subsequently, DIPEA (416 mg, 3.23 mmol) was added and the resulting reaction mixture was stirred for 3 h at rt. The reaction mixture was quenched by adding water (10 mL) and extracted with EtOAc (2×10 mL). The combined organic layers were washed with brine (15 mL), dried over anhydrous Na2SO4 and concentrated under reduced pressure. The crude compound was purified by reverse phase prep-HPLC to obtain title compound. 1H NMR (400 MHz, DMSO) δ [ppm]: 10.52 (s, 1H), 8.23 (d, J=8 Hz, 1H), 7.71-7.75 (m, 1H), 7.63 (t, J=7.6 Hz, 1H), 7.56 (m, 1H), 7.44 (br s, 1H), 6.69-6.82 (m, 4H), 4.33 (br s, 2H), 3.81-3.87 (m, 1H), 3.59 (br s, 2H), 1.47 (d, J=4 Hz, 6H). LCMS (method D): Rt=2.61 min, m/z=481.20 [M+H]−.
To a stirred solution of 3-chloropyridine-4-carboxylic acid (10 g, 63.5 mmol) in ethanol (100 mL) was added H2SO4 (10 mL) at 0° C. and the resulting reaction mixture was heated at 80° C. for 16 h. The reaction mixture was quenched by adding aq. sat. NaHCO3 (500 mL) and extracted with EtOAc (3×100 mL). The combined organic layers were washed with brine (100 mL), dried over anhydrous Na2SO4 and concentrated under reduced pressure to afford ethyl 3-chloropyridine-4-carboxylate
To a stirred solution of ethyl 3-chloropyridine-4-carboxylate (9.00 g, 48.5 mmol) and ethyl 2-sulfanylacetate (11.6 g, 97.0 mmol) in DMF (60 mL) was added NaH (2.87 g, 120 mmol) at 0° C. and the resulting reaction mixture was stirred at rt for 16 h. The reaction mixture was quenched by adding acetic acid (300 mL) and extracted with EtOAc (2×150 mL). The combined organic layers were washed with brine (50 mL), dried over anhydrous Na2SO4 and concentrated in vacuo to afford ethyl 3-hydroxythieno[2,3-c]pyridine-2-carboxylate.
To a stirred solution of ethyl 3-hydroxythieno[2,3-c]pyridine-2-carboxylate (6.2 g, 28 mmol) and 1,1,1-trifluoro-N-phenyl-N-(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)methanesulfonamide (10.0 g, 28 mmol) in CH2Cl2 (60 mL) was added NEt3 (6.83 g, 67.5 mmol) at rt. The reaction mixture was stirred at rt for 16 h. The reaction mixture was quenched by adding water (300 mL) and extracted with CH2Cl2 (2×50 mL). The combined organic layers were washed with brine (50 mL), dried over anhydrous Na2SO4 and concentrated under reduced pressure to afford the crude product. The crude compound was purified by silica gel column chromatography eluting with 0-5% EtOAc in PE to obtain ethyl 3-(trifluoromethylsulfonyloxy)thieno[2,3-c]pyridine-2-carboxylate.
To a stirred solution of ethyl 3-(trifluoromethylsulfonyloxy)thieno[2,3-c]pyridine-2-carboxylate (3.5 g, 9.9 mmol) and morpholine (0.98 g, 11.3 mmol) in DMF (20 mL) was added K2CO3 (4.05 g, 29.3 mmol) at rt. The reaction mixture was heated at 100° C. for 5 h. The reaction mixture was quenched by adding water (200 mL) and extracted with EtOAc (2×50 mL). The combined organic layers were washed with brine (40 mL), dried over anhydrous Na2SO4 and concentrated under reduced pressure. The crude compound was purified by silica gel column chromatography eluting with 0-26% EtOAc in PE to obtain ethyl 3-morpholinothieno[2,3-c]pyridine-2-carboxylate.
To a stirred solution of ethyl 3-morpholinothieno[2,3-c]pyridine-2-carboxylate (0.9 g, 3.08 mmol) in abs. THF (15 mL) under nitrogen atmosphere at −78° C., was added TMPMgCl·LiCl (1 M in abs. THF; 12.3 mL, 12.3 mmol) and the reaction mixture allowed to stir for 15 min while warming up to rt. The reaction mixture was again cooled to −78° C. and a solution of iodine (dissolved in 15 mL abs. THF, 3.9 g, 15.4 mmol) was added. The resulting solution was stirred at −78° C. for 30 min. The reaction mixture was quenched by adding aq. sat. Na2S2O3-solution (100 mL) and extracted with EtOAc (3×30 mL). The combined organic layers were washed with brine (35 mL), dried over anhydrous Na2SO4 and concentrated under reduced pressure to obtain the crude compound. The crude compound was purified by silica gel column chromatography eluting with 0-10% EtOAc in PE to obtain ethyl 7-iodo-3-morpholino-thieno[2,3-c]pyridine-2-carboxylate.
To a stirred solution of ethyl 7-iodo-3-morpholino-thieno[2,3-c]pyridine-2-carboxylate (0.7 g, 1.6 mmol) and (2,3,5-trifluorophenyl)boronic acid (589 mg, 3.34 mmol) in 1,4-dioxane (12 mL):water (3 mL) was added Na2CO3 (508 mg, 4.8 mmol). The reaction mixture was degassed with nitrogen gas for 10 min followed by the addition of PdCl2(dppf) (234 mg, 0.32 mmol); the reaction mixture was heated to 60° C. for 16 h. The reaction mixture was quenched by adding water (100 mL) and extracted with EtOAc (2×50 mL). The combined organic layers were washed with brine (40 mL), dried over anhydrous Na2SO4 and concentrated under reduced pressure. The crude compound was purified by silica gel column chromatography eluting with 12% EtOAc in PE to obtain ethyl 3-morpholino-7-(2,3,5-trifluorophenyl)thieno[2,3-c]pyridine-2-carboxylate.
To a stirred solution of ethyl 3-morpholino-7-(2,3,5-trifluorophenyl)thieno[2,3-c]pyridine-2-carboxylate (0.45 g, 1.1 mmol) in 1,4-dioxane (5 mL) was added LiOH solution in water (5 mL, 138 mg, 3.3 mmol) at rt. The reaction mixture was heated to 80° C. The reaction mixture was cooled to rt and concentrated to remove solvents. The pH of the reaction mixture was adjusted to 2-3 by addition of aq. HCl (1 M) solution, extracted with EtOAc (2×50 mL), washed with water (10 mL) and dried over anhydrous Na2SO4 and reduced to dryness under reduced pressure to afford 3-morpholino-7-(2,3,5-trifluorophenyl)thieno[2,3-c]pyridine-2-carboxylic acid.
A solution of 3-morpholino-7-(2,3,5-trifluorophenyl)thieno[2,3-c]pyridine-2-carboxylic acid (0.33 g. 0.83 mmol). 2,3-dihydro-1,4-benzoxazin-4-amine (188 mg. 1.25 mmol) and HATU (473 mg, 1.25 mmol) in DMF (5 mL) was stirred for 15 min. Subsequently, DIPEA (321 mg, 2.49 mmol) was added and the reaction mixture was stirred at rt for 5 h. The reaction mixture was quenched by adding water (100 mL) and extracted with EtOAc (3×25 mL). The combined organic layers were washed with brine (30 mL), dried over anhydrous Na2SO4 and concentrated under reduced pressure. The crude compound was purified by silica gel column chromatography eluting with 0-20% EtOAc in PE to obtain N-(2,3-dihydro-1,4-benzoxazin-4-yl)-3-morpholino-7-(2,3,5-trifluorophenyl)thieno[2,3-c]pyridine-2-carboxamide. 1H NMR (400 MHz, DMSO) δ [ppm]: 10.96 (s, 1H), 8.70 (d, J=5.6 Hz, 1H), 8.09 (d, J=5.6 Hz, 1H), 7.80-7.86 (m, 1H), 7.50 (br s, 1H), 6.71-6.84 (m, 4H), 4.38 (br s, 2H), 3.80 (br s, 4H), 3.62 (br s, 2H), 3.33 (br s, 2H). LCMS (method A): Rt=2.48 min, m/z=527.16 [M+H]+.
To a stirred solution of compound ethyl 3-(trifluoromethylsulfonyloxy)thieno[2,3-c]pyridine-2-carboxylate—see Example 2.1(c) (3.5 g, 9.85 mmol) and 2-methylprop-1-ene potassium trifluoroborane (1.74 g, 11.82 mmol) in THF (16 mL): water (4 mL) was added K3PO4 (4.18 g, 19.7 mmol). The reaction mixture was degassed for 10 min with nitrogen gas followed by the addition of PdCl2(dtbpf) (319 mg, 0.49 mmol). The reaction mixture was heated to 90° C. for 16 h. The reaction mixture was quenched by adding water (200 mL) and extracted with EtOAc (2×50 mL). The combined organic layers were washed with brine (40 mL), dried over anhydrous Na2SO4 and concentrated under reduced pressure to obtain crude compound. The crude compound was purified by silica gel column chromatography eluting with 15% EtOAc in PE to obtain ethyl 3-isopropenylthieno[2,3-c]pyridine-2-carboxylate.
To a solution of ethyl 3-isopropenylthieno[2,3-c]pyridine-2-carboxylate (1.5 g, 6.06 mmol) in EtOAc (15 mL) was added PtO2 (0.688 g, 3.03 mmol). The reaction mixture was stirred at rt for 36 h under hydrogen atmosphere. The mixture was then filtered through celite and washed with EtOAc (100 mL) and concentrated under reduced pressure to obtain the crude compound. The crude compound was purified by silica gel column chromatography eluting with 5% EtOAc in PE to obtain ethyl 3-isopropylthieno[2,3-c]pyridine-2-carboxylate.
To a stirred solution of ethyl 3-isopropylthieno[2,3-c]pyridine-2-carboxylate (130 mg, 0.52 mmol) in abs. THF (3 mL) under nitrogen atmosphere at −78° C., was added TMPMgCl·LiCl (1 M in abs. THF, 2.08 mL, 2.08 mmol)) and the reaction mixture was allowed to stir for 15 min while warming up to rt. The reaction mixture was again cooled to −78° C. and a solution of iodine (0.658 g, 2.6 mmol, dissolved in 3 mL abs. THF) was added. The resulting solution was stirred at −78° C. for 30 min. The reaction mixture was quenched by adding aq. sat. Na2S2O3 sodium thiosulfate (100 mL) and extracted with EtOAc (2×50 mL). The combined organic layers were washed with brine (40 mL), dried over anhydrous Na2SO4 and concentrated under reduced pressure. The crude compound was purified by silica gel column chromatography eluting with 0-4% EtOAc in petroleum ether to obtain ethyl 7-iodo-3-isopropyl-thieno[2,3-c]pyridine-2-carboxylate.
To a stirred solution of ethyl 7-iodo-3-isopropyl-thieno[2,3-c]pyridine-2-carboxylate (0.17 g, 0.45 mmol) and (2,3,5-trifluorophenyl)boronic acid (0.159 g, 0.9 mmol) in 1,4-dioxane (4 mL):water (1 mL) was added Na2CO3 (0.143 g, 1.35 mmol). The reaction mixture was degassed with nitrogen gas for 10 min before addition of PdCl2(dppf) (0.065 g, 0.9 mmol) and then heated to 60° C. for 16 h. The reaction mixture was then quenched by adding water (50 mL) and extracted with EtOAc (2×50 mL). The combined organic layers were washed with brine (40 mL), dried over anhydrous Na2SO4 and concentrated under reduced pressure to obtain crude compound. The crude compound was purified by silica gel column chromatography eluting with 10% EtOAc in PE to obtain ethyl 3-isopropyl-7-(2,3,5-trifluorophenyl)thieno[2,3-c]pyridine-2-carboxylate.
To a stirred solution of ethyl 3-isopropyl-7-(2,3,5-trifluorophenyl)thieno[2,3-c]pyridine-2-carboxylate (0.13 g, 0.34 mmol) in 1,4-dioxane (3 mL) was added a solution of LiOH·H2O solution (43 mg, 1.02 mmol) in water (3 mL) at rt and the resulting mixture was heated to 80° C. for 2 h. The reaction mixture was then allowed to cool down to rt and solvents were evaporated under reduced pressure. H2O was added, the pH was adjusted to 2-3 by addition of aq. HCl (1 M) and the aq. mixture was extracted with EtOAc (2×50 mL). The combined organic layers were washed with H2O (10 mL) and dried over anhydrous Na2SO4, filtered and evaporated to dryness to afford 3-isopropyl-7-(2,3,5-trifluorophenyl)thieno[2,3-c]pyridine-2-carboxylic acid.
A solution of 3-isopropyl-7-(2,3,5-trifluorophenyl)thieno[2,3-c]pyridine-2-carboxylic acid (0.13 g, 0.37 mmol), 2,3-dihydro-1,4-benzoxazin-4-amine (0.083 g, 0.55 mmol) and HATU (0.209 g, 0.55 mmol) in DMF (3 mL) was stirred for 15 min. Subsequently, DIPEA was added and the reaction mixture was stirred at rt. The reaction mixture was quenched by adding water (30 mL) and extracted with EtOAc (3×25 mL). The combined organic layers were washed with brine (30 mL), dried over anhydrous Na2SO4 and concentrated under reduced pressure. The crude compound was purified by silica gel column chromatography eluting with 0-17% EtOAc in PE to obtain N-(2,3-dihydro-1,4-benzoxazin-4-yl)-3-morpholino-7-(2,3,5-trifluorophenyl)thieno[2,3-c]pyridine-2-carboxamide. 1H NMR (400 MHz, DMSO) δ [ppm]: 10.8 (s, 1H), 8.71 (d, J=5.2 Hz, 1H), 8.20 (d, J=5.6 Hz, 1H), 7.78-7.85 (m, 1H), 7.51-7.53 (m, 1H), 6.69-6.87 (m, 4H), 4.34 (br s, 2H), 3.78 (quint, J=6.8 Hz, 1H), 3.60 (br s, 2H), 1.48 (d, J=7.2 Hz, 6H). LCMS (method D): Rt=2.93 min, m/z=484.16 [M+H]+.
3-(2,6-Difluorophenyl)-7-isopropyl-2-methyl-pyrazolo[1,5-a]pyrimidine-6-carboxylic acid was synthetized according to WO2017178416.
Example 3.1(b)
To a stirred solution of 3-(2,6-difluorophenyl)-7-isopropyl-2-methyl-pyrazolo[1,5-a]pyrimidine-6-carboxylic acid (0.12 g, 0.362 mmol), and 2,3-dihydro-1,4-benzoxazin-4-amine (0.065 g, 0.434 mmol), in DMF (5 mL) was added HATU (165 mg, 0.434 mmol) and the resulting mixture was stirred for 5 min, followed by addition of DIPEA (0.2 mL, 1.08 mmol). The reaction mixture was then stirred for 5 h at rt. The reaction was quenched by addition of H2O (10 mL) and resulting precipitate was collected by filtration, washed with H2O (20 mL) and dried in vacuo to get crude compound. The crude compound was purified by silica gel column chromatography eluting with 10-30% EtOAc in PE to obtain 3-(2,6-difluorophenyl)-N-(2,3-dihydro-1,4-benzoxazin-4-yl)-7-isopropyl-2-methyl-pyrazolo[1,5-a]pyrimidine-6-carboxamide. 1H NMR (400 MHz, DMSO) δ [ppm]: 10.71 (s, 1H), 8.63 (s, 1H), 7.52-7.60 (m, 1H), 7.27 (t, J=8 Hz, 1H), 7.02 (d, J=6.8 Hz, 1H), 6.76-6.93 (m, 3H), 4.37 (t, J=4 Hz, 2H), 3.90-3.97 (m, 1H), 3.66 (br s, 2H), 2.36 (s, 3H), 1.59 (d, J=7.2 Hz, 6H). LCMS (method D): R&=2.89 min, m/z=462.14 [M+H]−.
To an ice cooled stirred solution of sulfuryl chloride (2.55 g, 19.0 mmol) in toluene (10 mL) was added drop wise a solution of ethyl 4-methyl-3-oxo-pentanoate (3.00 g, 18.96 mmol) in toluene (10 mL) at 0° C. and the resulting mixture was then allowed to stir at rt for 16 h. The reaction mixture was quenched by adding aq. sat. NaHCO3 solution (100 mL) and the aq. layer was extracted with EtOAc (2×50 mL). The combined organic layers were washed with brine (30 mL), dried over anhydrous Na2SO4 and concentrated under reduced pressure to afford ethyl 2-chloro-4-methyl-3-oxo-pentanoate.
To a stirred solution of 3-methyl-1,4-dihydropyrazol-5-one (3 g, 30.58 mmol) in toluene (75 mL) was added Lawessons reagent (6.18 g, 15.29 mmol) at rt and the resulting mixture was stirred at 110° C. for 12 h. A white precipitate was obtained upon cooling the reaction mixture was cooled to rt. The precipitate was filtered off, washed with EtOAc (50 mL) and dried in vacuo to afford 3-methyl-1,4-dihydropyrazole-5-thione.
A mixture of ethyl 2-chloro-4-methyl-3-oxo-pentanoate (1.00 g, 5.19 mmol) and 3-methyl-1,4-dihydropyrazole-5-thione (594 mg, 5.19 mmol) in EtOH (10 mL) was heated at 80° C. for 16 h. The reaction mixture was quenched by adding H2O (100 mL) and extracted with EtOAc (2×50 mL). The combined organic layers were washed with brine (30 mL), dried over anhydrous Na2SO4 and concentrated under reduced pressure to afford crude compound. The crude compound was purified by silica gel column chromatography eluting with 0-1% EtOAc in PE to obtain ethyl 3-isopropyl-6-methyl-pyrazolo[5,1-b]thiazole-2-carboxylate.
To an ice-cold stirred solution of ethyl 3-isopropyl-6-methyl-pyrazolo[5,1-b]thiazole-2-carboxylate (0.16 g, 0.63 mmol) in CCl4 (5 mL) was added NBS (124 mg, 0.69 mmol), and the mixture was then stirred for 2 h and allowed to warm up to rt. The reaction mixture was quenched by adding H2O (100 mL) and extracted with CH2Cl2 (2×50 mL). The combined organic layers were washed with brine (30 mL), dried over anhydrous Na2SO4 and concentrated under reduced pressure to obtain ethyl 7-bromo-3-isopropyl-6-methyl-pyrazolo[5,1-b]thiazole-2-carboxylate.
To a stirred solution of 7-bromo-3-isopropyl-6-methyl-pyrazolo[5,1-b]thiazole-2-carboxylate (0.19 g, 0.57 mmol) in 1,4-dioxane (2 mL) was added and aq. solution of LiOH·H2O (2 ml) at rt and the resulting mixture was then heated at 80° C. for 2 h. The reaction mixture was allowed to cool down to rt and was concentrated to dryness under reduced pressure. The residue was diluted with cold H2O and the pH of the reaction mixture was adjusted to 2-3 by addition of aq.HCl (1 M). The aq. solution was extracted with EtOAc (2×30 mL), washed with H2O (10 mL), dried over anhydrous Na2SO4 and concentrated under reduced pressure to obtain 7-bromo-3-isopropyl-6-methyl-pyrazolo[5,1-b]thiazole-2-carboxylic acid.
A solution of 7-bromo-3-isopropyl-6-methyl-pyrazolo[5,1-b]thiazole-2-carboxylic acid (0.40 g, 1.31 mmol), 2,3-dihydro-1,4-benzoxazin-4-amine (0.256 g, 1.70 mmol) and HATU (0.745 g, 1.96 mmol) in DMF (5 mL) was stirred at rt for 15 min. Subsequently, DIPEA (0.507 g, 3.93 mmol) was added and the reaction mixture was stirred at rt for 5 h. The reaction mixture was quenched by adding H2O (30 mL) and extracted with EtOAc (3×25 mL). The combined organic layers were washed with brine (30 mL), dried over anhydrous Na2SO4 and concentrated under reduced pressure. The crude compound was purified by silica gel column chromatography eluting with 0-7% EtOAc in PE to obtain 7-bromo-N-(2,3-dihydro-1,4-benzoxazin-4-yl)-3-isopropyl-6-methyl-pyrazolo[5,1-b]thiazole-2-carboxamide.
To a stirred solution of 7-bromo-N-(2,3-dihydro-1,4-benzoxazin-4-yl)-3-isopropyl-6-methyl-pyrazolo[5,1-b]thiazole-2-carboxamide (0.13 g, 0.29 mmol) and (2,3,5-trifluorophenyl)boronic acid (105 mg, 0.58 mmol) in 1,4-Dioxane (3 mL):H2O (1 mL) was added Na2CO3 (0.092 g).The reaction mixture was degassed with nitrogen gas for 10 min before PdCl2(dppf)-CH2Cl2 complex (0.023 g, 0.029 mmol) was added. The reaction mixture was again degassed with nitrogen gas for 10 min and irradiated at 100° C. in the microwave for 40 min. The reaction mixture was quenched by adding H2O (100 mL) and extracted with EtOAc (2×50 mL). The combined organic layers were washed with brine (40 mL), dried over anhydrous Na2SO4 and concentrated under reduced pressure to obtain crude compound. The crude compound was purified by silica gel column chromatography eluting with 20% EtOAc in PE to obtain N-(2,3-dihydro-1,4-benzoxazin-4-yl)-3-isopropyl-6-methyl-7-(2,3,5-trifluorophenyl)pyrazolo[5,1-b]thiazole-2-carboxamide. 1H-NMR (400 MHz, DMSO) δ [ppm] 9.86-10.51 (m, 1H), 7.48-7.55 (m, 1H), 7.25-7.35 (m, 1H), 6.71-6.92 (m, 4H), 4.1-4.8 (m, 3H), 3.51-3.6 (m, 2H), 2.31-2.48 (m, 3H), 1.51 (d, J=6.8 Hz, 6H). LCMS (method A): Rt=2.54; m/z=487.12 [M+H]+.
Under inert nitrogen atmosphere was placed a solution of 3-methyl-5-pyrazolone (10.0 g, 102 mmol) and Lawesson Reagent (20.2 g, 50.0 mmol) in toluene (200 mL). The resulting solution was stirred at 110° C. for 24 h. After cooling down to rt, the resulting mixture was concentrated under reduced pressure. n-Hexane was added, and the precipitate was collected by filtration, washed with n-hexane, and then dried in vacuo to give 5-methyl-2,4-dihydropyrazole-3-thione.
Under inert nitrogen atmosphere was placed a solution of 5-methyl-2,4-dihydropyrazole-3-thione (26.20 g, 91.79 mmol, 40% purity) and ethyl 2-chloro-3-oxopropanoate (20.7 g, 138 mmol) in EtOH (250 mL). The resulting mixture was stirred at 90° C. overnight. After cooling down to rt, the resulting mixture was concentrated under reduced pressure. The residue was purified by silica gel column chromatography (PE:EtOAc=5:1) to give ethyl 6-methylpyrazolo[3,2-b][1,3]thiazole-2-carboxylate.
Under inert nitrogen atmosphere was placed a solution of ethyl 6-methylpyrazolo[3,2-b][1,3]thiazole-2-carboxylate (5.20 g, 24.73 mmol) in DMF (120 mL) at 0° C. Then, NBS (4.84 g, 27.19 mmol) was added at 0° C. The mixture was stirred for 2 h. The reaction mixture was poured into H2O and extracted with EtOAc. The organic layers were combined, dried over anhydrous Na2SO4, filtered, and concentrated under reduced pressure. The residue was purified by silica gel column chromatography (EtOAc:PE=0-10%) to obtain ethyl 7-bromo-6-methylpyrazolo[3,2-b][1,3]thiazole-2-carboxylate.
Under inert nitrogen atmosphere was placed a solution of ethyl 7-bromo-6-methylpyrazolo[3,2-b][1,3]thiazole-2-carboxylate (3.00 g, 10.38 mmol) in 1,4-dioxane/H2O (54 mL, v:v=5/1), 2,3,5-trifluorophenylboronic acid (2.74 g, 15.58 mmol), xphos (890 mg, 1.87 mmol), XPhos Pd G3 (878 mg, 1.04 mmol) and K2CO3 (2.87 g, 20.77 mmol). The resulting mixture was stirred at 100° C. with microwave irradiation for 1 h. After cooling down to rt, the reaction mixture was poured into H2O and extracted with EtOAc. The organic layers were combined, dried over anhydrous Na2SO4, filtered, and concentrated under reduced pressure. The residue was purified by silica gel column chromatography (PE:EtOAc=10:1) to give ethyl 6-methyl-7-(2,3,5-trifluorophenyl) pyrazolo[3,2-b][1,3]thiazole-2-carboxylate.
Under inert nitrogen atmosphere was placed (TMP)MgCl2—LiCl (1.0 M) in abs. THF (6 mL, 6.0 mmol) at 0° C. Then, a ZnCl2-solution (0.7 M) in abs. THF (4.3 mL, 3.0 mmol) was added slowly to the above solution. The resulting mixture was stirred at 0° C. for 2 h to give a solution of (TMP)2ZnCl2. Under inert atmosphere, a solution of ethyl 6-methyl-7-(2,3,5-trifluorophenyl)pyrazolo[3,2-b][1,3]thiazole-2-carboxylate (1.02 g, 3.00 mmol) in abs. THF (10.00 mL) at 0° C. was prepared. To this, the solution of (TMP)2ZnCl2 (3.00 mmol) was added slowly at 0° C. After 2 h, iodine (829 mg, 3.27 mmol) was added at 0° C. and the mixture was stirred for further 2 h. The reaction was quenched by the addition of aq. Na2SO3 solution at 0° C. The resulting mixture was extracted with EtOAc. The combined organic layers were washed with brine, dried over anhydrous Na2SO4, filtered, and concentrated under reduced pressure. The residue was purified by silica gel column chromatography (PE:EtOAc=5:1) to afford ethyl 3-iodo-6-methyl-7-(2,3,5-trifluorophenyl)pyrazolo[3,2-b][1,3]thiazole-2-carboxylate.
A solution of ethyl 3-chloro-6-methyl-7-(2,3,5-trifluorophenyl)pyrazolo[3,2-b][1,3] thiazole-2-carboxylate (534.00 mg, 1.00 mmol, 70%), morpholine (173.80 mg, 2.00 mmol), and K2CO3 (413.55 mg, 2.99 mmol) in DMF (4.0 mL) was stirred for 6 h at 80° C. After cooling down to rt, the solution was diluted with H2O and extracted with EtOAc. The organic layers were combined, dried over anhydrous Na2SO4, filtered, and concentrated under reduced pressure. The residue was purified by silica gel column chromatography (PE:EtOAc=5:1) to afford ethyl 6-methyl-3-(morpholin-4-yl)-7-(2,3,5-trifluorophenyl)pyrazolo[3,2-b][1,3]thiazole-2-carboxylate.
A solution of 3-acetyl-6-fluoro-7-(2,3,5-trifluorophenyl)thieno[3,2-b]pyridine-2-carboxylic acid (250 mg, 0.59 mmol, 68% purity), TMSOK (266 mg, 1.76 mmol) and abs. THF (8.0 mL) was stirred at rt overnight. Then the solution was concentrated in vacuo to afford potassium 6-methyl-3-morpholino-7-(2,3,5-trifluorophenyl)pyrazolo[5,1-b]thiazole-2-carboxylate (used directly in next step).
A solution of potassium 6-methyl-3-morpholino-7-(2,3,5-trifluorophenyl)pyrazolo[5,1-b]thiazole-2-carboxylate (180 mg, 0.41 mmol, 60% purity), HBTU (472 mg, 1.24 mmol), and DMF (5 mL) was stirred at rt for 1 h. Then, DIPEA (160 mg, 1.24 mmol), and 2,3-dihydro-4H-benzo[b][1,4]oxazin-4-amine (124 mg, 0.83 mmol) in abs. THF (3 mL) were added slowly at 0° C. The resulting solution was stirred overnight at rt. Then the solution was diluted with H2O and extracted with EtOAc. The organic layers were combined, dried over anhydrous Na2SO4, filtered, and concentrated under reduced pressure. The crude product was further purified by prep-HPLC [Mobile Phase A: H2O (10 mmol/L NH4HCO3), Mobile Phase B: CH3CN; Flow rate: 60 mL/min; Gradient: 53% B to 83% B in 7 min] to afford N-(2,3-dihydro-4H-benzo[b][1,4]oxazin-4-yl)-6-methyl-3-morpholino-7-(2,3,5-trifluorophenyl)pyrazolo[5,1-b]thiazole-2-carboxamide.
1H-NMR (400 MHz, 90° C., DMSO-d6) δ[ppm] 9.80 (s, 1H), 7.41-7.38 (m, 1H), 7.20-7.15 (m, 1H), 6.84-6.75 (m, 4H), 4.40-4.32 (m, 2H), 3.83-3.80 (m, 4H), 3.62-3.52 (m, 6H), 2.48 (s, 3H). LCMS (Method E1) Rt=1.06 min; m/z=530 (M+H)+.
Under inert nitrogen atmosphere was placed ethyl 3-iodo-6-methyl-7-(2,3,5-trifluorophenyl)pyrazolo [3,2-b][1,3]thiazole-2-carboxylate (Example 4.2 (e); 150 mg, 0.322 mmol), tributyl(1-ethoxyethenyl)stannane (232 mg, 0.644 mmol), Pd(PPh3)4(37 mg, 0.032 mmol) and 1,4-dioxane (2 mL). The mixture was stirred overnight at 90° C. After cooling down to rt, the solution was diluted with H2O and extracted with EtOAc. The organic layers were combined, dried over anhydrous Na2SO4, filtered and concentrated under reduced pressure. The residue was purified by prep-TLC (PE:EtOAc=1:1) to afford ethyl 3-(1-ethoxyethenyl)-6-methyl-7-(2,3,5-trifluorophenyl) pyrazolo[3,2-b][1,3]thiazole-2-carboxylate.
To a solution of ethyl 3-(1-ethoxyethenyl)-6-methyl-7-(2,3,5-trifluorophenyl)pyrazolo [3,2-b][1,3]thiazole-2-carboxylate (120 mg, 0.292 mmol) in THF/H2O (1 mL/1 mL) was added LiOH (21 mg, 0.876 mmol). The mixture was stirred for 2 h at rt. Upon completion of the reaction, THF was evaporated under reduced pressure, the pH value of the mixture was adjusted to 5 by addition of aq. HCl (1 M). The resulting mixture was extracted with EtOAc. The organic layers were combined, dried over anhydrous Na2SO4, filtered and concentrated in vacuo to afford 3-(1-ethoxyethenyl)-6-methyl-7-(2,3,5-trifluorophenyl) pyrazolo[3,2-b][1,3]thiazole-2-carboxylic acid.
To a solution of 3-(1-ethoxyethenyl)-6-methyl-7-(2,3,5-trifluorophenyl)pyrazolo [3,2-b][1,3]thiazole-2-carboxylic acid (95 mg, 0.248 mmol) in DMF (1 mL), was added 2,3-dihydro-1,4-benzoxazin-4-amine (45 mg, 0.298 mmol), HATU (113 mg, 0.298 mmol) and DIPEA (0.13 mL, 0.744 mmol). The mixture was stirred for 3 h at rt. Upon completion of the reaction, the resulting mixture was treated with H2O and extracted with EtOAc (3×). The organic layers were combined, dried over anhydrous Na2SO4, filtered and concentrated under reduced pressure. The residue was purified by prep-TLC (PE:EtOAc=1:1) to afford N-(2,3-dihydro-1,4-benzoxazin-4-yl)-3-(1-ethoxyethenyl)-6-methyl-7-(2,3,5-trifluorophenyl)pyrazolo [3,2-b] [1,3]thiazole-2-carboxamide.
Under inert nitrogen atmosphere was placed N-(2,3-dihydro-1,4-benzoxazin-4-yl)-3-(1-ethoxyethenyl)-6-methyl-7-(2,3,5-trifluorophenyl)pyrazolo[3,2-b][1,3]thiazole-2-carboxamide (60 mg, 0.117 mmol) and HCl (6 N, 1 mL) in CH3CN (1 mL). The mixture was stirred overnight at rt. Then the solution was concentrated under reduced pressure. The residue was purified by prep-HPLC (Mobile Phase A: H2O (0.1% FA), Mobile Phase B: CH3CN; Gradient: 55% B to 74% B in 8 min) to afford 3-acetyl-N-(2,3-dihydro-1,4-benzoxazin-4-yl)-6-methyl-7-(2,3,5-trifluorophenyl)pyrazolo [3,2-b][1,3]thiazole-2-carboxamide.
Under inert nitrogen atmosphere was placed a solution of 3-acetyl-N-(2,3-dihydro-1,4-benzoxazin-4-yl)-6-methyl-7-(2,3,5-trifluorophenyl)pyrazolo[3,2-b][1,3]thiazole-2-carboxamide (20 mg, 0.040 mmol) in abs. THF (1 mL). Then CH3MgBr (0.06 mL, 0.060 mmol) was added at 0° C. The resulting solution was stirred for 2 h at 0° C. Upon completion of the reaction, the resulting mixture was treated with aq. sat. NH4Cl-solution and extracted with EtOAc. The organic layers were combined, dried over anhydrous Na2SO4, filtered, and concentrated under reduced pressure. The residue was purified by prep-HPLC (Mobile Phase A: H2O (0.1% FA), Mobile Phase B: CH3CN; Gradient: 58% B to 86% B in 7 min) to afford of N-(2,3-dihydro-1,4-benzoxazin-4-yl)-3-(2-hydroxypropan-2-yl)-6-methyl-7-(2,3,5-trifluorophenyl) pyrazolo [3,2-b][1,3] thiazole-2-carboxamide. 1H-NMR (300 MHz, DMSO-d6) δ[ppm]: 10.84 (br s, 1H), 7.55-7.52 (m, 1H), 7.38-7.34 (m, 1H), 6.96-6.94 (m, 1H), 6.79-6.71 (m, 3H), 4.40-4.32 (m, 2H), 3.58-3.57 (m, 2H), 2.45 (s, 3H), 1.81 (s, 6H). LCMS (Method B1) R&=1.29 min; m/z=502.95 (M+H)+.
A solution of 3-amino-5-methylpyrazole (3.65 g, 37.55 mmol) in EtOH (40 mL) and H2O (21 mL) was cooled to 0° C. under nitrogen atmosphere, and a cooled solution (0° C.) of sodium nitrite (3.91 g, 56.7 mmol) in H2O (21 mL) was added. A solution of HCl (37% in H2O, 9.5 mL, 120 mmol) in H2O (7 mL) was added at 0° C. Then, ethyl isobutyryl acetate (6.80 mL, 42 mmol) in EtOH (7 mL) was added, followed by sodium acetate (9.25 g, 112.72 mmol). The resulting reaction mixture was stirred at 0° C. for 30 min and was then heated at 50° C. for 18 h. After this time, the mixture was concentrated in vacuo to half volume. The mixture was diluted with H2O (100 mL) and then extracted with EtOAc (100 mL), and 10% MeOH in CH2Cl2 (100 mL). The combined organic and aq. layers were filtered to remove the brown precipitate and then separated. The aq. layer was extracted with CH2Cl2 (2×100 mL), the combined organic layers were dried over anhydrous Na2SO4 and concentrated under reduced pressure. The crude mixture was purified by silica gel column chromatography eluting with 10-25% EtOAc in cyclohexane to afford ethyl 4-isopropyl-7-methyl-pyrazolo[5,1-c][1,2,4]triazine-3-carboxylate.
To a solution of ethyl 4-isopropyl-7-methyl-pyrazolo[5,1-c][1,2,4]triazine-3-carboxylate (3.29 g, 13.28 mmol) in CH3CN (66 mL) under nitrogen atmosphere was added N-bromosuccinimide (2.40 g, 13.51 mmol). Ice cold H2O (200 mL) was poured into the reaction mixture causing a yellow solid to precipitate. The solid was filtered off and dried in vacuo at 40° C. overnight. The compound was used in the next step without further purification.
To a stirred solution of ethyl 8-bromo-4-isopropyl-7-methyl-pyrazolo[5,1-c][1,2,4]triazine-3-carboxylate (0.05 g, 0.15 mmol) and (2,6-difluorophenyl)-boronic acid (0.072 g, 0.458 mmol) in THF (2 mL) was added K3PO4 (0.9 mL, 0.458 mmol, 0.5 M in H2O). The reaction mixture was degassed with nitrogen gas for 3 min, Xphos Pd G4 (0.013 g, 0.015 mmol) was added and the mixture was heated to 70° C. for 32 h. The reaction mixture was quenched with H2O (5 mL) and extracted with EtOAc (2×10 mL). The combined organic layers were washed with brine (10 mL), dried over anhydrous Na2SO4 and concentrated under reduced pressure. The crude compound was purified by silica gel column chromatography eluting with 0-20% EtOAc in PE to afford ethyl 8-bromo-4-isopropyl-7-methyl-pyrazolo[5,1-c][1,2,4]triazine-3-carboxylate.
To a stirred solution of ethyl 8-bromo-4-isopropyl-7-methyl-pyrazolo[5,1-c][1,2,4]triazine-3-carboxylate (0.03 g, 0.083 mmol) in 1,4-dioxane (0.5 mL), H2O (0.5 mL) and LiOH·H2O (0.01 g, 0.25 mmol) was added at rt and the mixture was heated at 90° C. for 5 h. The mixture was cooled to rt and the solvents were evaporated under reduced pressure. The residues were dissolved in H2O (1 mL), acidified to 2-3 pH by addition of aq. HCl (1 M) and extracted with EtOAc (2×5 mL). The combined organic layers were washed with brine (10 mL), dried over anhydrous Na2SO4 and concentrated under reduced pressure to afford 8-(2,6-difluorophenyl)-4-isopropyl-7-methyl-pyrazolo[5,1-c][1,2,4]triazine-3-carboxylic acid.
A solution of 8-(2,6-difluorophenyl)-4-isopropyl-7-methyl-pyrazolo[5,1-c][1,2,4]triazine-3-carboxylic acid (0.015 g, 0.045 mmol), 2,3-dihydro-1,4-benzoxazin-4-amine (0.020 g, 0.13 mmol) and HATU (0.03433 g, 0.09 mmol) in DMF (1 mL) was stirred for 15 min. Subsequently, DIPEA (0.023 g, 0.18 mmol) was added and the reaction mixture was stirred for 20 h at rt and then heated to 50° C. for 16 h. The reaction was quenched by adding H2O (2 mL) and extracted with EtOAc (2×10 mL). The combined organic layers were washed with brine (15 mL), dried over anhydrous Na2SO4 and concentrated under reduced pressure to obtain crude compound. The crude compound was purified by prep-HPLC. 1H NMR (400 MHz, DMSO) δ [ppm]: 10.97 (s, 1H), 7.63-7.66 (m, 1H), 7.36 (t, J=8 Hz, 1H), 6.93 (d, J=7.2 Hz, 1H), 6.72-6.82 (m, 3H), 4.39 (m, 2H), 4.20 (t, J=6.4 Hz, 1H), 3.68 (br s, 2H), 3.1 (s, 3H), 1.60 (d, J=7.2 Hz, 6H). LCMS (method A) Rt=2.34; m/z=465.46 [M+H]+.
Under nitrogen atmosphere was placed a solution of diisopropylamine (44 mL, 394 mmol) in abs. THF (500 mL). Then a solution of n-BuLi (120 mL, 290 mmol) was added slowly at −78° C. After stirring for 1 h, a solution of 3,5-difluoropyridine-2-carbonitrile (40 g, 286 mmol) in abs. THF (100 mL) was added at −78° C. After 2 h, iodine (100 g, 394 mmol) was added at −78° C. and the mixture was stirred for 2 h. The reaction was quenched by the addition of aq. Na2SO3-solution at 0° C. The resulting mixture was extracted with EtOAc. The combined organic layers were washed with brine, dried over anhydrous Na2SO4, filtered, and concentrated under reduced pressure. The residue was purified by silica gel column chromatography (eluting with PE:EtOAc=5:1) to afford 3,5-difluoro-4-iodopyridine-2-carbonitrile.
Under inert nitrogen atmosphere was placed a solution of 2-ethynyl-3,5-difluoro-4-iodopyridine (20 g, 75.47 mmol) in 1,4-dioxane: H2O (440 mL; 10:1), 2,3,5-trifluorophenylboronic acid (19.91 g, 113.21 mmol), Pd(DtBPF)Cl2 (4.92 g, 7.55 mmol) and K2CO3 (32.04 g, 150.94 mmol). The resulting mixture was stirred at 90° C. overnight. After cooling down to rt, the mixture was filtered and extracted with EtOAc. The organic layers were combined, dried over anhydrous Na2SO4, filtered, and concentrated under reduced pressure. The residue was purified by silica gel column chromatography (EtOAc:PE=0 to 5%) to afford 2-ethynyl-3,5-difluoro-4-(2,3,5-trifluorophenyl) pyridine.
Under inert nitrogen atmosphere 3,5-difluoro-4-(2,3,5-trifluorophenyl)pyridine-2-carbonitrile (910 mg, 2.86 mmol) was dissolved in abs. THF (35 mL). NaH (126 mg, 3.15 mmol) was added portionwise at 0° C. The resulting mixture was then cooled to −50° C. and a solution of methyl 2-mercaptoacetate (320 mg, 3.02 mmol) in abs. THF (5.00 mL) was added. The resulting mixture was stirred overnight at rt. The reaction was quenched with trace amount of cold H2O. The mixture was dried over anhydrous Na2SO4, filtered, and concentrated. The residue was dissolved in CH3CN (15.0 mL) and treated with K2CO3 (900 mg, 6.51 mmol). The resulting mixture was stirred for 2 h at 80° C. After cooling down to rt, the mixture was diluted with cold H2O. The precipitated solids were collected by filtration and dried in vacuo to afford methyl 3-amino-6-fluoro-7-(2,3,5-trifluorophenyl) thieno [3,2-b] pyridine-2-carboxylate.
Under inert nitrogen atmosphere, methyl 3-amino-6-fluoro-7-(2,3,5-trifluorophenyl)-thieno[3,2-b]pyridine-2-carboxylate (1.5 g, 3.58 mmol), CuBr (539 mg, 3.76 mmol) and HBr solution (26 mL, 33% HBr in AcOH) were mixed. Then a solution of NaNO2 (296 mg, 4.29 mmol) in H2O (1.5 mL) was added dropwise at −5° C. The resulting mixture was stirred overnight at rt and was then extracted with EtOAc. The organic layers were combined, dried over anhydrous Na2SO4, filtered, and concentrated under reduced pressure. The residue was purified by prep-TLC (PE:EtOAc=4:1) to afford methyl 3-bromo-6-fluoro-7-(2,3,5-trifluorophenyl)thieno[3,2-b]pyridine-2-carboxylate.
Under inert nitrogen atmosphere, methyl 3-bromo-6-fluoro-7-(2,3,5-trifluorophenyl)-thieno[3,2-b]pyridine-2-carboxylate (300 mg, 0.71 mmol), tributyl(1-ethoxyethenyl)-stannane (774 mg, 2.14 mmol) and Pd(PPh3)4(83 mg, 0.07 mmol) were mixed in 1,4-dioxane (3 mL). The resulting mixture was stirred overnight at 100° C. After cooling down to rt, HCl (2 mL, 2 M) was added and the resulting solution was stirred for 3 h. Then, the solution was extracted with EtOAc. The organic layers were combined, dried over anhydrous Na2SO4, filtered, and concentrated under reduced pressure. The residue was purified by prep-TLC (PE:EtOAc=2:1) to afford methyl 3-acetyl-6-fluoro-7-(2,3,5-trifluorophenyl)thieno[3,2-b]pyridine-2-carboxylate.
To a solution of methyl 3-(3-fluoroazetidin-1-yl)-7-(2,3,5-trifluorophenyl)thieno[3,2-b]pyridine-2-carboxylate (230 mg, 0.60 mmol) in THF (2.3 mL) and H2O (2.3 mL) was added LiOH (72 mg, 3.00 mmol). The reaction mixture was stirred for 1 h at rt. The pH of the solution was adjusted to 5 by addition of aq. HCl (1 M). The mixture was extracted with EtOAc. The organic layers were combined, dried over anhydrous Na2SO4, filtered, and concentrated in vacuo to afford 3-(3-fluoroazetidin-1-yl)-7-(2,3,5-trifluorophenyl)-thieno[3,2-b]pyridine-2-carboxylic acid.
To a solution of 3-acetyl-6-fluoro-7-(2,3,5-trifluorophenyl)thieno[3,2-b]pyridine-2-carboxylic acid (210 mg, 0.57 mmol) and DMF (2 mL), was added HATU (359 mg, 0.68 mmol), DIPEA (220 mg, 1.71 mmol) and 2,3-dihydro-1,4-benzoxazin-4-amine (111 mg, 0.74 mmol). The resulting solution was stirred overnight at rt. Then the solution was diluted with H2O and extracted with EtOAc. The organic layers were combined, dried over anhydrous Na2SO4, filtered, and concentrated under reduced pressure. The residue was purified by prep-TLC (PE:EtOAc=1:1) to afford 3-acetyl-N-(2,3-dihydro-1,4-benzoxazin-4-yl)-6-fluoro-7-(2,3,5-trifluorophenyl)thieno[3,2-b]pyridine-2-carboxamide
Under inert nitrogen atmosphere, 3-acetyl-N-(2,3-dihydro-1,4-benzoxazin-4-yl)-6-fluoro-7-(2,3,5-trifluorophenyl)thieno[3,2-b]pyridine-2-carboxamide (150 mg, 0.30 mmol) was dissolved in abs. THF (2 mL) and CH3MgBr (1.5 mL, 1.50 mmol, 1 M abs. THF) was added at 0° C. The resulting mixture was stirred for 2 h at 0° C. Then aq. sat. NH4Cl-solution was added and the mixture was extracted with EtOAc. The organic layers were combined, dried over anhydrous Na2SO4, filtered, and concentrated under reduced pressure. The residue was purified by prep-HPLC [Mobile Phase A: H2O (0.1% FA), Mobile Phase B: CH3CN; Gradient: 55% B to 64% B in 11 min] to afford of N-(2,3-dihydro-1,4-benzoxazin-4-yl)-6-fluoro-3-(2-hydroxypropan-2-yl)-7-(2,3,5-trifluorophenyl)thieno[3,2-b]pyridine-2-carboxamide. 1H-NMR (400 MHz, DMSO-d6) δ [ppm]=10.37 (s, 1H), 8.99 (s, 1H), 7.97-7.66 (m, 2H), 6.98 (dd, 4H), 5.69 (s, 1H), 4.34 (m, 2H), 3.59 (s, 2H), 1.80-1.67 (s, 6H). LCMS (method E1) Rt=1.42; m/z=518 [M+H]+.
Under inert nitrogen atmosphere, to a solution of methyl 3-bromo-6-fluoro-7-(2,3,5-trifluorophenyl)thieno[3,2-b]pyridine-2-carboxylate (Example 6.1 (d), 200 mg, 0.48 mmol) in 1,4-dioxane (4 mL), was added Pd(PPh3)4(55 mg, 0.05 mmol), K3PO4 (303 mg, 1.43 mmol), and 3-fluoroazetidine hydrochloride (85 mg, 0.76 mmol). The resulting mixture was stirred overnight at 100° C. After cooling down to rt, the reaction mixture was treated with H2O and extracted with EtOAc. The organic layers were combined, dried over anhydrous Na2SO4, filtered, and concentrated under reduced pressure. The residue was purified by prep-TLC (EtOAc:PE=1:4) to afford methyl 6-fluoro-3-(3-fluoroazetidin-1-yl)-7-(2,3,5-trifluorophenyl)thieno[3,2-b]pyridine-2-carboxylate.
To a solution of methyl 6-fluoro-3-(3-fluoroazetidin-1-yl)-7-(2,3,5-trifluorophenyl)-thieno[3,2-b]pyridine-2-carboxylate (180 mg, 0.43 mmol) in THF (5 mL) was added a solution of LiOH (125 mg, 5.21 mmol) in H2O (2 mL) at 0° C. The reaction mixture was stirred for 24 h at 65° C. The mixture was concentrated under reduced pressure and then diluted with H2O (5 mL), acidified to pH 3-5 by addition of aq. HCl (1M) and extracted with EtOAc. The organic layers were combined, dried over anhydrous Na2SO4, filtered and concentrated in vacuo at 0-10° C. to afford 6-fluoro-3-(3-fluoroazetidin-1-yl)-7-(2,3,5-trifluorophenyl) thieno [3,2-b]pyridine-2-carboxylic acid.
To a solution of 6-fluoro-3-(3-fluoroazetidin-1-yl)-7-(2,3,5-trifluorophenyl)thieno[3,2-b]pyridine-2-carboxylic acid (120 mg, 0.30 mmol) in DMF (4 mL) was added HATU (137 mg, 0.36 mmol), DIPEA (82 mg, 0.63 mmol) and 2,3-dihydro-1,4-benzoxazin-4-amine (59 mg, 0.39 mmol). The solution was stirred for 3 h at rt. H2O was added and the mixture was extracted with EtOAc. The organic layers were combined, dried over anhydrous Na2SO4, filtered, and concentrated under reduced pressure. The residue was purified by prep-TLC (EtOAc:PE=1:4), and further purified by prep-HPLC (Mobile Phase A: H2O (10 mmol/L NH4HCO3+0.1% NH3—H2O), Mobile Phase B: CH3CN; Gradient: 53% B to 78% B in 9 min) to afford N-(2,3-dihydro-1,4-benzoxazin-4-yl)-6-fluoro-3-(3-fluoroazetidin-1-yl)-7-(2,3,5-trifluorophenyl)thieno[3,2-b]pyridine-2-carboxamide. 1H-NMR (400 MHz, chloroform-d) 6 [ppm] 8.65 (s, 1H), 7.13 (d, 2H), 6.86 (s, 4H), 5.49 (d, 1H), 4.89 (s, 2H), 4.58-4.76 (m, 2H), 4.47 (s, 2H), 3.66 (s, 2H). LCMS (method G1) Rt=1.52; m/z=533.15 [M+H]+.
Under inert nitrogen atmosphere, methyl 3-bromo-6-fluoro-7-(2,3,5-trifluorophenyl)-thieno[3,2-b]pyridine-2-carboxylate (300 mg, 0.71 mmol), 4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-2-(prop-1-en-2-yl)-1,3,2-dioxaborolane (180 mg, 1.07 mmol), Pd(DtBPF)Cl2 (47 mg, 0.07 mmol), and K3PO4 (303 mg, 1.428 mmol) were mixed in THF (10 mL) and H2O (2 mL). The resulting mixture was stirred for 3 h at 90° C. After cooling down to rt, the reaction mixture was diluted with EtOAc, washed with H2O, dried over anhydrous Na2SO4, filtered and concentrated under reduced pressure. The residue was purified by silica gel column chromatography (PE:EtOAc=2:1) to give methyl 6-fluoro-3-(prop-1-en-2-yl)-7-(2,3,5-trifluorophenyl)thieno[3,2-b]pyridine-2-carboxylate.
To a solution of methyl 6-fluoro-3-(prop-1-en-2-yl)-7-(2,3,5-trifluorophenyl)thieno[3,2-b]pyridine-2-carboxylate (265 mg, 0.67 mmol) in EtOAc (20 mL), was added PtO2 (16 mg, 0.07 mmol). The reaction stirred for 2 h at rt under hydrogen gas (1 atm). The mixture was filtered and concentrated under reduced pressure. The residue was purified by silica gel column chromatography (PE:EtOAc=2:1) to give methyl 6-fluoro-3-isopropyl-7-(2,3,5-trifluorophenyl)thieno[3,2-b]pyridine-2-carboxylate.
To a solution of methyl 6-fluoro-3-isopropyl-7-(2,3,5-trifluorophenyl)thieno[3,2-b] pyridine-2-carboxylate (242 mg, 0.63 mmol) in THF (41 mL) was added a solution of LiOH (81 mg, 3.39 mmol) in H2O (10 mL). The resulting mixture was stirred overnight at rt. Upon completion of the reaction, THF was removed in vacuo and the pH value was adjusted to 4 by addition of aq. HCl (1 M). The mixture was extracted with EtOAc. The organic layers were combined, dried over anhydrous Na2SO4, filtered and concentrated in vacuo to give 6-fluoro-3-isopropyl-7-(2,3,5-trifluorophenyl) thieno [3,2-b] pyridine-2-carboxylic acid.
To a solution of 6-fluoro-3-isopropyl-7-(2,3,5-trifluorophenyl)thieno[3,2-b]pyridine-2-carboxylic acid (150 mg, 0.41 mmol) in DMF (5 mL), were added 2,3-dihydro-1,4-benzoxazin-4-amine (122 mg, 0.81 mmol), HATU (232 mg, 0.61 mmol) and DIPEA (157 mg, 1.22 mmol). The resulting mixture was stirred at rt for 30 min. After this time, the mixture was treated with H2O and extracted with EtOAc. The organic layers were combined, dried over anhydrous Na2SO4, filtered and concentrated under reduced pressure. The residue was purified by prep-HPLC [Mobile Phase A: H2O (0.1% FA), Mobile Phase B: CH3CN; Gradient: 58% B to 82% B in 8 min] to afford N-(2,3-dihydro-1,4-benzoxazin-4-yl)-6-fluoro-3-isopropyl-7-(2,3,5-trifluorophenyl)thieno[3,2-b]-pyridine-2-carboxamide. 1H-NMR (300 MHz, DMSO-d6) δ[ppm] 10.65 (s, 1H), 9.01 (s, 1H), 7.96-7.86 (m, 1H), 7.68-7.65 (m, 1H), 6.86-6.68 (m, 4H), 4.36-4.33 (m, 2H), 3.96-3.87 (m, 1H), 3.62-3.59 (m, 2H), 1.52 (m, 6H). LCMS (method F2) Rt=1.517; m/z=502.00 [M+H]+.
Under inert nitrogen atmosphere, K2CO3 (99 mg, 0.71 mmol) and morpholine (124 mg, 1.43 mmol) was added to a solution of methyl 3-bromo-6-fluoro-7-(2,3,5-trifluorophenyl) thieno[3,2-b]pyridine-2-carboxylate (150 mg, 0.36 mmol) in DMF (1.5 mL). The resulting mixture was stirred overnight at 80° C. Upon completion of the reaction, H2O was added and the resulting mixture was extracted with EtOAc. The combined organic layers were dried over anhydrous Na2SO4, filtered and concentrated under reduced pressure. The residue was purified by prep-TLC (PE:EtOAc=4:1) to give methyl 6-fluoro-3-(morpholin-4-yl)-7-(2,3,5-trifluorophenyl) thieno [3,2-b] pyridine-2-carboxylate.
To a solution of methyl 6-fluoro-3-(morpholin-4-yl)-7-(2,3,5-trifluorophenyl)thieno[3,2-b]pyridine-2-carboxylate (50 mg, 0.10 mmol) in THF (0.9 mL) was added LiOH (15 mg, 0.61 mmol) and H2O (0.9 mL). The resulting mixture was stirred overnight at rt. The reaction mixture was concentrated under reduced pressure and then diluted with H2O (5 mL). The mixture was acidified to pH 3-5 by addition of aq. HCl (1 M). The aq. solution was then extracted with EtOAc. The combined organic layers were dried over anhydrous Na2SO4, filtered and concentrated under reduced pressure to afford 6-fluoro-3-(morpholin-4-yl)-7-(2,3,5-trifluorophenyl) thieno [3,2-b] pyridine-2-carboxylic acid.
To a solution of 6-fluoro-3-(morpholin-4-yl)-7-(2,3,5-trifluorophenyl)thieno [3,2-b] pyridine-2-carboxylic acid (80 mg, 0.19 mmol) in DMF (3 mL) was added HATU (89 mg, 0.23 mmol), DIPEA (53 mg, 0.41 mmol) and 2,3-dihydro-1,4-benzoxazin-4-amine (38 mg, 0.25 mmol). The resulting mixture was stirred overnight at rt, then treated with H2O, and extracted with EtOAc. The combined organic layers were washed with brine, dried over anhydrous Na2SO4, filtered, and concentrated under reduced pressure. The residue was purified by prep-TLC (PE:EtOAc=4:1) to afford N-(2,3-dihydro-1,4-benzoxazin-4-yl)-6-fluoro-3-(morpholin-4-yl)-7-(2,3,5-trifluorophenyl) thieno [3,2-b] pyridine-2-carboxamide. 1H-NMR (400 MHz, chloroform-d) 6 [ppm] 11.57 (s, 1H), 8.75 (d, 1H), 7.22-7.08 (m, 2H), 6.92-6.82 (m, 4H), 4.56-4.48 (m, 2H), 3.84 (t, 4H), 3.75-3.57 (m, 6H). LCMS (method G2) Rt=1.60; m/z=545.2 [M+H]+.
A solution of diisopropylamine (18.2 g, 180.18 mmol) in abs. THF (400 mL) was placed under inert nitrogen atmosphere. Then n-BuLi (68.8 mL, 172 mmol, 2.5 M in hexane) was added dropwise at −78° C. The resulting solution was stirred at −78° C. for 30 min. Then 3-fluoropyridine-2-carbonitrile (20.0 g, 164 mmol) in abs. THF (20 mL) was added dropwise at −78° C. The resulting solution was stirred for 1 h at −78° C. Then, iodine (83.2 g, 328 mmol) was added. The resulting solution was stirred for 1 h at −78° C. The reaction was then quenched by the addition of H2O and extracted with EtOAc. The combined organic layers were dried over anhydrous Na2SO4 and concentrated in vacuo. The residue was purified by silica gel column chromatography (EtOAc:PE=0-1:4) to give 3-fluoro-4-iodopyridine-2-carbonitrile.
Under inert nitrogen atmosphere, Pd(dppf)Cl2 (3.80 g, 4.03 mmol) and K2CO3 (11.15 g, 80.64 mmol) was added to a solution of 3-fluoro-4-iodopyridine-2-carbonitrile (10.0 g, 40.3 mmol) and 2,3,5-trifluorophenylboronic acid (8.50 g, 48.4 mmol) in 1,4-dioxane (200 m) and H2O (50 mL). The resulting mixture was stirred overnight at 75° C. After cooling down to rt, EtOAc was added. The resulting mixture was washed with H2O and dried over anhydrous Na2SO4, filtered and concentrated under reduced pressure. The residue was purified by silica gel column chromatography (EtOAc:PE=0-1:2) to give 3-fluoro-4-(2,3,5-trifluorophenyl)pyridine-2-carbonitrile.
Under inert nitrogen atmosphere, methyl thioglycolate (6.15 g, 57.94 mmol) and K2CO3 (8.00 g, 57.89 mmol) was added to a solution of 3-fluoro-4-(2,3,5-trifluorophenyl) pyridine-2-carbonitrile (7.30 g, 28.95 mmol) in CH3CN (50 mL). The resulting mixture was stirred for 3 h at 80° C. After cooling down to rt, the reaction mixture was treated with H2O/ice. The solids were collected by filtration and dried in vacuo to give methyl 3-amino-7-(3,5-difluorophenyl)thieno[3,2-b]pyridine-2-carboxylate.
To methyl 3-amino-7-(3,5-difluorophenyl)thieno[3,2-b]pyridine-2-carboxylate (5.00 g, 15.61 mmol) was added HBr (50 mL, 30% HBr in AcOH) and CuBr (2.46 g, 17.17 mmol). Then a solution of NaNO2 (1.18 g, 17.17 mmol) in H2O (5 mL) was added dropwise at 0° C. The resulting solution was stirred overnight at rt. Upon completion of the reaction, H2O/ice was added. The solids were collected by filtration and dried in vacuo to give methyl 3-bromo-7-(3,5-difluorophenyl) thieno [3,2-b] pyridine-2-carboxylate.
Under inert nitrogen atmosphere, to a solution of methyl 3-bromo-7-(2,3,5-trifluorophenyl)thieno[3,2-b]pyridine-2-carboxylate (500 mg, 1.24 mmol) in 1,4-dioxane (5 mL) was added tributyl(1-ethoxyethenyl)stannane (1.35 g, 3.73 mmol), Pd(PPh3)4(144 mg, 0.12 mmol). The resulting mixture was stirred overnight at 100° C. After cooling down to rt, 1 M HCl (5 mL) was added and the resulting mixture was stirred for 2 h at rt. The mixture was extracted with EtOAc. The organic layers were combined, dried over anhydrous Na2SO4, filtered and concentrated under reduced pressure. The residue was purified by purified by prep-TLC (EtOAc:PE=1:2) to afford methyl 3-acetyl-7-(2,3,5-trifluorophenyl)thieno[3,2-b]pyridine-2-carboxylate.
To a solution of methyl 3-acetyl-7-(2,3,5-trifluorophenyl)thieno[3,2-b]pyridine-2-carboxylate (430 mg, 1.18 mmol) in THF (4 mL) was added LiOH (141 mg, 5.89 mmol) and H2O (4 mL). The resulting solution was stirred for 2 h at rt. The pH value of the solution was adjusted to 5 by addition of aq. HCl (1 M). The resulting solution was extracted with EtOAc. The organic layers were combined, dried over anhydrous Na2SO4, filtered and concentrated in vacuo to afford 3-acetyl-7-(2,3,5-trifluorophenyl) thieno [3,2-b] pyridine-2-carboxylic acid.
To a solution of 3-acetyl-7-(2,3,5-trifluorophenyl)thieno[3,2-b]pyridine-2-carboxylic acid (360 mg, 1.03 mmol) in DMF (4 mL) was added HATU (468 mg, 1.23 mmol), DIPEA (397 mg, 3.07 mmol), and 2,3-dihydro-1,4-benzoxazin-4-amine (200 mg, 1.33 mmol). The resulting solution was stirred overnight at rt. The mixture was then treated with H2O and extracted with EtOAc. The combined organic layers were dried over anhydrous Na2SO4, filtered and concentrated under reduced pressure. The residue was purified by prep-TLC (EtOAc:PE=1:4) to give 3-acetyl-N-(2,3-dihydro-1,4-benzoxazin-4-yl)-7-(2,3,5-trifluorophenyl)thieno[3,2-b]pyridine-2-carboxamide.
Under inert nitrogen atmosphere, CH3MgBr (1.5 mL, 1.55 mmol, 1M abs. THF) was added to a solution of 3-acetyl-N-(2,3-dihydro-1,4-benzoxazin-4-yl)-6-fluoro-7-(2,3,5-trifluorophenyl)thieno[3,2-b]pyridine-2-carboxamide (150 mg, 0.31 mmol) in abs. THF (2 mL) at 0° C. The resulting solution was stirred for 2 h at 0° C. After this time, the mixture was treated with aq. sat. NH4Cl-solution and extracted with EtOAc. The combined organic layers were dried over anhydrous Na2SO4, filtered and concentrated under reduced pressure. The residue was purified by prep-HPLC [Mobile Phase A: H2O (0.1% FA), Mobile Phase B: CH3CN; Gradient: 51% B to 68% B in 8 min] to afford N-(2,3-dihydro-1,4-benzoxazin-4-yl)-3-(2-hydroxypropan-2-yl)-7-(2,3,5-trifluorophenyl) thieno[3,2-b]pyridine-2-carboxamide. 1H-NMR (400 MHz, DMSO-d6) δ [ppm]10.37 (s, 1H), 8.99 (s, 1H), 7.97-7.66 (m, 3H), 6.98 (dd, 4H), 5.69 (s, 1H), 4.34 (m, 2H), 3.59 (s, 2H), 1.80-1.67 (s, 6H). LCMS (method F1) Rt=1.28; m/z=502.00 [M+H]+.
Under inert nitrogen atmosphere, 3-fluoroazetidine-HCl (70 mg, 0.93 mmol), K3PO4 (264 mg, 1.24 mmol) and tetrakis(triphenylphosphine)nickel(0) (69 mg, 0.06 mmol) was added to a solution of methyl 3-bromo-7-(2,3,5-trifluorophenyl)thieno[3,2-b]pyridine-2-carboxylate (250 mg, 0.62 mmol) in 1,4-dioxane (5.5 mL). The resulting mixture was stirred overnight at 100° C. After cooling down to rt, EtOAc was added. The resulting mixture was washed with H2O, dried over anhydrous Na2SO4, filtered and concentrated under reduced pressure. The residue was purified by silica gel column chromatography (EtOAc:PE=0-1:1) to give methyl 3-(3-fluoroazetidin-1-yl)-7-(2,3,5-trifluorophenyl)thieno[3,2-b]pyridine-2-carboxylate.
To a solution of methyl 3-(3-fluoroazetidin-1-yl)-7-(2,3,5-trifluorophenyl)thieno[3,2-b]pyridine-2-carboxylate (200 mg, 0.51 mmol) in THF (10 mL), LiOH (60 mg, 2.52 mmol) and H2O (10 mL) were added. The resulting solution was stirred for 3 days at 60° C. After this time, THF was evaporated under reduced pressure, H2O was added, and the pH value of the mixture was adjusted to 4 by addition of aq. HCl (1 M). The resulting solution was extracted with EtOAc. The combined organic layers were dried over anhydrous Na2SO4, filtered and concentrated in vacuo to give 3-(3-fluoroazetidin-1-yl)-7-(2,3,5-trifluorophenyl)thieno[3,2-b]pyridine-2-carboxylic acid.
To a solution of 3-(3-fluoroazetidin-1-yl)-7-(2,3,5-trifluorophenyl)thieno[3,2-b]pyridine-2-carboxylic acid (160 mg, 0.42 mmol) in DMF (5 mL), was added 2,3-dihydro-1,4-benzoxazin-4-amine (75 mg, 0.50 mmol), HATU (239 mg, 0.63 mmol), and DIPEA (162 mg, 1.26 mmol). The resulting solution was stirred overnight at rt. Upon completion of the reaction, H2O was added and the resulting solution was extracted with EtOAc. The combined organic layers were dried over anhydrous Na2SO4, filtered and concentrated under reduced pressure. The residue was purified by prep-HPLC [Mobile Phase A: H2O (10 mmol/L NH4HCO3+0.1% NH3·H2O), Mobile Phase B: CH3CN; Gradient: 48% B to 78% B in 7 min] to afford N-(2,3-dihydro-1,4-benzoxazin-4-yl)-3-(3-fluoroazetidin-1-yl)-7-(2,3,5-trifluorophenyl)thieno[3,2-b]pyridine-2-carboxamide. 1H-NMR (400 MHz, DMSO-d6) δ [ppm] 10.29 (s, 1H), 8.82 (s, 1H), 7.83 (s, 1H), 7.68-7.48 (m, 2H), 6.75-6.369 (m, 4H), 5.48 (d, 1H), 4.72-4.65 (m, 2H), 4.48-4.32 (m, 4H), 3.56-3.51 (m, 2H). LCMS (method E1) Rt=143; m/z=514.95 [M+H]+.
Under inert nitrogen atmosphere, to a solution of methyl 3-bromo-7-(2,3,5-trifluorophenyl)thieno[3,2-b]pyridine-2-carboxylate (500 mg, 1.24 mmol) in THF (4 mL) and H2O (2 mL) was added 4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-2-(prop-1-en-2-yl)-1,3,2-dioxaborolane (313 mg, 1.87 mmol), Pd(DtBPF)Cl2 (81 mg, 0.12 mmol) and K3PO4 (528 mg, 2.49 mmol). The mixture was stirred for 3 h at 90° C. After cooling down to rt, the reaction mixture was diluted with EtOAc, washed with H2O, dried over anhydrous Na2SO4, filtered and concentrated under reduced pressure. The residue was purified by silica gel column chromatography (EtOAc:PE=0-2:1) to give methyl 3-(prop-1-en-2-yl)-7-(2,3,5-trifluorophenyl)thieno[3,2-b]pyridine-2-carboxylate.
To a solution of methyl 3-(prop-1-en-2-yl)-7-(2,3,5-trifluorophenyl)thieno[3,2-b]-pyridine-2-carboxylate (342 mg, 0.94 mmol) in EtOAc (20 mL), was added PtO2 (21 mg, 0.09 mmol). The reaction was stirred for 2 h at rt under hydrogen atmosphere. The reaction mixture was filtered and concentrated under reduced pressure. The residue was purified by silica gel column chromatography (EtOAc:PE=0-2:1) to give methyl 3-isopropyl-7-(2,3,5-trifluorophenyl)thieno[3,2-b]pyridine-2-carboxylate.
To a solution of methyl 3-isopropyl-7-(2,3,5-trifluorophenyl)thieno[3,2-b]pyridine-2-carboxylate (260 mg, 0.71 mmol) in THF (10 mL) was added LiOH (85 mg, 3.56 mmol) and H2O (10 mL). The resulting mixture was stirred overnight at rt. Upon completion of the reaction, THF was evaporated under reduced pressure, H2O was added, and the pH was adjusted to 4 by addition of aq. HCl (1 M). The resulting mixture was extracted with EtOAc. The combined organic layers were dried over anhydrous Na2SO4, filtered and concentrated in vacuo to give 3-isopropyl-7-(2,3,5-trifluorophenyl)thieno[3,2-b]pyridine-2-carboxylic acid.
To a solution of 3-isopropyl-7-(2,3,5-trifluorophenyl)thieno[3,2-b]pyridine-2-carboxylic acid (150 mg, 0.43 mmol) in DMF (5 mL) was added 2,3-dihydro-1,4-benzoxazin-4-amine (128 mg, 0.85 mmol), HATU (243 mg, 0.64 mmol) and DIPEA (166 mg, 1.28 mmol). The resulting mixture was stirred at rt for 30 min. Upon completion of the reaction, H2O was added, and the resulting solution was extracted with EtOAc. The combined organic layers were dried over anhydrous Na2SO4, filtered and concentrated under reduced pressure. The residue was purified by prep-HPLC [Mobile Phase A: H2O (0.1% FA), Mobile Phase B: CH3CN; Gradient: 57% B to 73% B in 8 min] to afford N-(2,3-dihydro-1,4-benzoxazin-4-yl)-3-isopropyl-7-(2,3,5-trifluorophenyl)thieno[3,2-b]pyridine-2-carboxamide. 1H-NMR (300 MHz, DMSO-d6) δ [ppm] 10.65 (s, 1H), 8.92 (d, 1H), 7.88-7.79 (m, 1H), 7.64-7.63 (m, 1H), 7.58-7.53 (m, 1H), 6.87-6.68 (m, 4H), 4.36-4.34 (m, 2H), 3.97-3.88 (m, 1H), 3.63-3.59 (m, 2H), 1.53 (d, 6H). LCMS (method F2) Rt=1.32; m/z=484.00 [M+H]+.
Under inert nitrogen atmosphere, methyl 3-amino-7-(2,3,5-trifluorophenyl)thieno[3,2-b]-pyridine-2-carboxylate (200 mg, 0.59 mmol), 1-bromo-2-(2-bromoethoxy)ethane (165 mg, 0.71 mmol), and Cs2CO3 (385 mg, 1.18 mmol) were mixed in DMF (5 mL). The resulting mixture was stirred overnight at 100° C. After cooling down to rt, the resulting mixture was treated with H2O and extracted with EtOAc. The organic layers were combined, dried over anhydrous Na2SO4, filtered and concentrated under reduced pressure. The residue was purified by silica gel column chromatography (EtOAc:PE=0-2:1) to afford methyl 3-(morpholin-4-yl)-7-(2,3,5-trifluorophenyl)thieno[3,2-b]pyridine-2-carboxylate.
To a solution of methyl 3-(morpholin-4-yl)-7-(2,3,5-trifluorophenyl)thieno[3,2-b]-pyridine-2-carboxylate (140 mg, 0.34 mmol) in THF (10 mL) was added LiOH (41 mg, 1.71 mmol) and H2O (10 mL). The resulting solution was stirred overnight at rt. Upon completion of the reaction, THF was evaporated under reduced pressure, H2O was added, and the pH value of the mixture was adjusted to 4 by addition of aq. HCl (1 M). The resulting solution was extracted with EtOAc. The combined organic layers were dried over anhydrous Na2SO4 and concentrated in vacuo to give 3-(morpholin-4-yl)-7-(2,3,5-trifluorophenyl)thieno[3,2-b]pyridine-2-carboxylic acid.
To a solution of 3-(morpholin-4-yl)-7-(2,3,5-trifluorophenyl)thieno[3,2-b]pyridine-2-carboxylic acid (135 mg, 0.34 mmol) in DMF (10 mL) was added HATU (195 mg, 0.51 mmol), DIPEA (133 mg, 1.03 mmol) and 2,3-dihydro-1,4-benzoxazin-4-amine (56 mg, 0.38 mmol). The resulting solution was stirred overnight at rt. Upon completion of the reaction, H2O was added, and the resulting mixture was extracted with EtOAc. The combined organic layers were dried over anhydrous Na2SO4 and concentrated under reduced pressure. The residue was purified by prep-HPLC [Mobile Phase A: H2O (10 mmol/L NH4HCO3+0.1% NH3—H2O), Mobile Phase B: CH3CN; Gradient: 48% B to 78% B in 7 min] to afford N-(2,3-dihydro-1,4-benzoxazin-4-yl)-3-(morpholin-4-yl)-7-(2,3,5-trifluorophenyl)thieno[3,2-b]pyridine-2-carboxamide. 1H-NMR (400 MHz, DMSO-d6) δ [ppm] 10.16 (s, 1H), 8.68 (s, 1H), 8.35-8.39 (m, 1H), 7.70-7.77 (m, 2H), 7.47-7.51 (m, 1H), 7.40-7.42 (m, 1H), 7.29-7.31 (m, 1H), 7.13-7.15 (m, 1H), 6.90-6.92 (m, 1H), 6.80-6.82 (m, 1H), 4.38-4.40 (m, 1H), 4.17-4.20 (m, 1H), 4.05-4.08 (m, 1H), 3.11-3.15 (m, 2H), 2.22-2.32 (m, 2H), 1.20-1.23 (m, 3H). LCMS (method G2) Rt=1.83; m/z=527.30 [M+H]+.
Under inert nitrogen atmosphere, ethyl 8-bromoimidazo[1,2-a]pyridine-2-carboxylate (1.00 g, 3.72 mmol), 2,3,5-trifluorophenylboronic acid (784 mg, 4.46 mmol), K2CO3 (1.03 g, 7.43 mmol) and Pd(PPh3)4(315 mg, 0.27 mmol) were mixed in 1,4-dioxane (20 mL) and H2O (4 mL). The resulting solution was stirred overnight at 75° C. After cooling down to rt, the reaction mixture was diluted with EtOAc, washed with H2O, dried over anhydrous Na2SO4, filtered and concentrated under reduced pressure. The residue was purified by silica gel column chromatography (PE:EtOAc=3:1) to give ethyl 8-(2,3,5-trifluorophenyl) imidazo[1,2-a]pyridine-2-carboxylate.
A solution of ethyl 8-(2,3,5-trifluorophenyl)imidazo[1,2-a]pyridine-2-carboxylate (650 mg, 2.03 mmol), CH2Cl2 (20 mL), and NBS (542 mg, 3.04 mmol) was stirred for 1 h at rt. Upon completion of the reaction, the resulting solution was extracted with CH2Cl2. The organic layers were combined, dried over anhydrous Na2SO4, filtered and concentrated under reduced pressure. The residue was purified by silica gel column chromatography (PE:EtOAc=4:1) to give ethyl 3-bromo-8-(2,3,5-trifluorophenyl)imidazo[1,2-a] pyridine-2-carboxylate.
Under inert nitrogen atmosphere, ethyl 3-bromo-8-(2,3,5-trifluorophenyl)imidazo[1,2-a] pyridine-2-carboxylate (650.00 mg, 1.63 mmol), 4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-2-(prop-1-en-2-yl)-1,3,2-dioxaborolane (328 mg, 1.95 mmol), Pd(dppf)Cl2·CH2Cl2 (132 mg, 0.16 mmol), and K2CO3 (450 mg, 3.26 mmol) were mixed in 1,4-dioxane (20 mL) and H2O (4 mL). The resulting solution was stirred overnight at 80° C. After cooling down to rt, the mixture was diluted with EtOAc, washed with H2O, dried over anhydrous Na2SO4, filtered and concentrated under reduced pressure. The residue was purified by silica gel column chromatography (PE:EtOAc=3:1) to give ethyl 3-(prop-1-en-2-yl)-8-(2,3,5-trifluorophenyl)imidazo[1,2-a]pyridine-2-carboxylate.
A mixture of ethyl 3-(prop-1-en-2-yl)-8-(2,3,5-trifluorophenyl)imidazo[1,2-a]pyridine-2-carboxylate (500 mg, 1.44 mmol) and Pd/C (15 mg, 0.14 mmol) in EtOH (20 mL) was stirred under hydrogen gas (1 atm) at rt for 30 min. After this time, the mixture was filtered and concentrated in vacuo to give ethyl 3-isopropyl-8-(2,3,5-trifluorophenyl)imidazo[1,2-a]pyridine-2-carboxylate.
A solution of ethyl 3-isopropyl-8-(2,3,5-trifluorophenyl)imidazo[1,2-a]pyridine-2-carboxylate (150 mg, 0.41 mmol), THF (2 mL), MeOH (2 mL), H2O (2 mL) and LiOH (49.57 mg, 2.07 mmol) was stirred for 2 h at rt. Upon completion of the reaction, THF was evaporated under reduced pressure, the pH value of the mixture was adjusted to 5 by addition of aq. HCl (1 M). The resulting mixture was extracted with EtOAc. The organic layers were combined, dried over anhydrous Na2SO4, filtered and concentrated in vacuo to give 3-isopropyl-8-(2,3,5-trifluorophenyl)imidazo[1,2-a]pyridine-2-carboxylic acid.
A solution of 3-isopropyl-8-(2,3,5-trifluorophenyl)imidazo[1,2-a]pyridine-2-carboxylic acid (130 mg, 0.39 mmol), 2,3-dihydro-1,4-benzoxazin-4-amine (88 mg, 0.58 mmol), HATU (222 mg, 0.58 mmol) and DIPEA (151 mg, 1.17 mmol)) in DMF (5.00 mL) was stirred overnight at rt. After this time, the resulting mixture was treated with H2O and extracted with EtOAc. The organic layers were combined, dried over anhydrous Na2SO4, filtered and concentrated under reduced pressure. The residue was purified by silica gel column chromatography (PE:EtOAc=2:1) to give crude product. The crude product (90 mg) was further purified by prep-HPLC [Mobile Phase A: H2O (10 mmol/L NH4HCO3+0.1% NH3—H2O), Mobile Phase B: CH3CN; Gradient: 53% B to 73% B in 10 min] to give N-(2,3-dihydro-4H-benzo[b][1,4]oxazin-4-yl)-3-isopropyl-8-(2,3,5-trifluoro-phenyl)imidazo[1,2-a]pyridine-2-carboxamide. 1H-NMR (400 MHz, DMSO-d6) δ [ppm] 9.40 (s, 1H), 8.34 (d, 1H), 7.44 (d, 1H), 7.39-7.31 (m, 1H), 7.12-7.01 (m, 2H), 6.91 (d, 1H), 6.88-6.73 (m, 3H), 4.58-4.51 (m, 1H), 4.47-4.45 (m, 2H), 3.78-3.72 (m, 2H), 1.56 (d, 6H). LCMS (Method B1) Rt=1.33 min; m/z=467 (M+H)+.
A solution of 3-chloropyrazin-2-amine (3.00 g, 23.2 mmol), ethyl 3-bromo-2-oxo-propanoate (4.52 g, 23.16 mmol) and NaHCO3 (5.84 g, 69.52 mmol) in CH3CN (60 mL) was stirred overnight at 80° C. After cooling down to rt, the mixture was filtered and concentrated under reduced pressure. The residue was purified by silica gel column chromatography (PE:EtOAc=1:1) to give ethyl 8-chloroimidazo[1,2-a]pyrazine-2-carboxylate.
Under inert nitrogen atmosphere, a mixture of ethyl 8-chloroimidazo[1,2-a]pyrazine-2-carboxylate (1.00 g, 4.43 mmol), 2,3,5-trifluorophenylboronic acid (940 mg, 5.34 mmol), K2CO3 (1.2 g, 8.86 mmol) and Pd(PPh3)4(512 mg, 0.44 mmol) in dioxane (20 mL) and H2O (4 mL) was stirred overnight at 80° C. After cooling down to rt, the reaction mixture was diluted with EtOAc, washed with H2O, dried over anhydrous Na2SO4, filtered and concentrated under reduced pressure. The residue was purified by silica gel column chromatography (PE:EtOAc=3:1) to give ethyl 8-(2,3,5-trifluorophenyl)imidazo[1,2-a] pyrazine-2-carboxylate.
A solution of ethyl 8-(2,3,5-trifluorophenyl)imidazo[1,2-a]pyrazine-2-carboxylate (800 mg, 2.49 mmol), NBS (886 mg, 4.98 mmol) in CH2Cl2 (15 mL) was stirred overnight at 50° C. Upon completion of the reaction, the resulting mixture was extracted with CH2Cl2, washed with H2O, dried over anhydrous Na2SO4, filtered and concentrated under reduced pressure. The residue was purified by silica gel column chromatography (PE:EtOAc=3:1) to give ethyl 3-bromo-8-(2,3,5-trifluorophenyl)imidazo[1,2-a]pyrazine-2-carboxylate.
Under inert nitrogen atmosphere, a mixture of ethyl 3-bromo-8-(2,3,5-trifluorophenyl)-imidazo[1,2-a]pyrazine-2-carboxylate (500 mg, 1.25 mmol), 4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-2-(prop-1-en-2-yl)-1,2-oxaborolane (249 mg, 1.50 mmol), Pd(dppf)Cl2·CH2Cl2 (102 mg, 0.13 mmol) and K2CO3 (345 mg, 2.50 mmol) in 1,4-dioxane (10 mL) and H2O (2 mL) was stirred overnight at 80° C. After cooling down to rt, the reaction mixture was diluted with EtOAc, washed with H2O, dried over anhydrous Na2SO4, filtered and concentrated under reduced pressure. The residue was purified by silica gel column chromatography (PE:EtOAc=3:1) to give ethyl 3-(prop-1-en-2-yl)-8-(2,3,5-trifluorophenyl)imidazo[1,2-a]pyrazine-2-carboxylate.
A mixture of ethyl 3-(prop-1-en-2-yl)-8-(2,3,5-trifluorophenyl)imidazo[1,2-a]pyrazine-2-carboxylate (360 mg, 1.00 mmol) and Pd/C (11 mg, 0.10 mmol) in EtOH (5 mL) was stirred under hydrogen atmosphere at rt for 30 min. The mixture was filtered and concentrated in vacuo to give ethyl 3-isopropyl-8-(2,3,5-trifluorophenyl)imidazo[1,2-a]pyrazine-2-carboxylate.
A solution of ethyl 3-isopropyl-8-(2,3,5-trifluorophenyl)imidazo[1,2-a]pyrazine-2-carboxylate (250 mg, 0.69 mmol) and LiOH (82 mg, 3.44 mmol) in MeOH (2 mL), THF (2 mL) and H2O (2 mL) was stirred overnight at rt. Upon completion of the reaction, THF was evaporated under reduced pressure, the pH value of the mixture was adjusted to 5 by addition of aq. HCl (1 M). The resulting mixture was extracted with EtOAc. The organic layers were combined, dried over anhydrous Na2SO4, filtered and concentrated in vacuo to give 3-isopropyl-8-(2,3,5-trifluorophenyl)imidazo[1,2-a]pyrazine-2-carboxylic acid.
A solution of 3-isopropyl-8-(2,3,5-trifluorophenyl)imidazo[1,2-a]pyridine-2-carboxylic acid (200 mg, 0.60 mmol), 2,3-dihydro-1,4-benzoxazin-4-amine (135 mg, 0.90 mmol), HATU (341 mg, 0.90 mmol) and DIPEA (232 mg, 1.79 mmol) in DMF (5 mL) was stirred overnight at rt. Upon completion of the reaction, the resulting mixture was treated with H2O and extracted with EtOAc. The organic layers were combined, dried over anhydrous Na2SO4, filtered and concentrated under reduced pressure. The crude product was purified by prep-HPLC [Mobile Phase A: H2O (10 mmol/L NH4HCO3), Mobile Phase B: CH3CN; Gradient: 41% B to 71% B in 7 min] to give N-(2,3-dihydro-4H-benzo[b][1,4]oxazin-4-yl)-3-isopropyl-8-(2,3,5-trifluorophenyl)imidazo[1,2-a]pyrazine-2-carboxamide. 1H-NMR (400 MHz, DMSO-d6) δ [ppm] 9.01 (s, 1H), 8.21 (d, 1H), 8.07 (d, 1H), 7.41-7.35 (m, 1H), 7.22-7.07 (m, 1H), 6.94-6.74 (m, 4H), 4.56-4.40 (m, 3H), 3.79-3.70 (m, 2H), 1.57 (d, 6H). LCMS (Method B1) Rt=1.27 min; m/z=468 (M+H)+.
Under inert nitrogen atmosphere, isopropylmagnesium chloride (2.0 M solution in abs. THF, 36 mL, 71.1 mmol) was added to a solution of 1-bromo-2,3,5-trifluorobenzene (10 g, 47.4 mmol) in abs. THF (150 mL) at 0° C. and the resulting mixture was stirred at 0° C. for 30 min. Then, N-methoxy-N-methylpropanamide (5.55 g, 47.4 mmol) was added at 0° C. and the reaction mixture was further stirred for 1 h at rt. After this time, the reaction was quenched with aq. sat. NH4Cl-solution and extracted with EtOAc. The combined organic layers were dried over anhydrous Na2SO4, filtered and concentrated under reduced pressure. The residue was purified by silica gel column chromatography (PE:EtOAc=4:1) to afford 1-(2,3,5-trifluorophenyl)propan-1-one.
Under inert nitrogen atmosphere, a solution of 1-(2,3,5-trifluorophenyl)propan-1-one (6.9 g, 36.7 mmol) and DMF-DMA (17.48 g, 146.7 mmol) in DMF (110 mL) was stirred for 2 h at 120° C. After cooling down to rt, the reaction mixture was treated with H2O and extracted with EtOAc. The combined organic layers were washed with brine and dried over anhydrous Na2SO4. After filtration, the filtrate was concentrated under reduced pressure. The residue was purified by silica gel column chromatography (PE:EtOAc=4:1) to afford (2E)-3-(Dimethylamino)-2-methyl-1-(2,3,5-trifluorophenyl)prop-2-en-1-one.
Under inert nitrogen atmosphere, (2E)-3-(dimethylamino)-2-methyl-1-(2,3,5-trifluorophenyl)prop-2-en-1-one (3.6 g, 14.8 mmol), AcOH (50 mL), piperidine (2.52 g, 29.6 mmol) and ethyl 5-amino-1H-pyrazole-3-carboxylate (2.30 g, 14.801 mmol) were mixed and stirred for 16 h at 80° C. After cooling down to rt, the reaction mixture was quenched with H2O and extracted with EtOAc. The combined organic layers were washed with brine, dried over anhydrous Na2SO4, filtered and concentrated under reduced pressure. The residue was purified by silica gel column chromatography (PE:EtOAc=2:1) to afford ethyl 6-methyl-7-(2,3,5-trifluorophenyl)pyrazolo[1,5-a]pyrimidine-2-carboxylate.
To a solution of ethyl 6-methyl-7-(2,3,5-trifluorophenyl)pyrazolo[1,5-a]pyrimidine-2-carboxylate (3.9 g, 11.6 mmol) in DMF (60 mL) was added NBS (3.11 g, 17.5 mmol). The reaction mixture was stirred for 3 h at rt. Upon completion of the reaction, the resulting mixture was quenched with H2O and extracted with EtOAc. The combined organic layers were washed with brine, dried over anhydrous Na2SO4. After filtration, the filtrate was concentrated under reduced pressure and the residue was purified by silica gel column chromatography (PE:EtOAc=2:1) to afford ethyl 3-bromo-6-methyl-7-(2,3,5-trifluorophenyl)pyrazolo[1,5-a]pyrimidine-2-carboxylate.
Under inert nitrogen atmosphere, ethyl 3-bromo-6-methyl-7-(2,3,5-trifluorophenyl) pyrazolo[1,5-a]pyrimidine-2-carboxylate (2 g, 4.83 mmol), prop-1-en-2-ylboronic acid (0.62 g, 7.24 mmol), K2CO3 (2.00 g, 14.5 mmol) and Pd(dppf)Cl2 (353 mg, 0.483 mmol) were mixed in 1,4-dioxane (30 mL) and H2O (6 mL). The reaction mixture was stirred for 3 h at 80° C. under nitrogen atmosphere. After cooling down to rt, the resulting mixture was treated with H2O and extracted with EtOAc. The combined organic layers were dried over anhydrous Na2SO4. After filtration, the filtrate was concentrated under reduced pressure and the residue was purified by silica gel column chromatography (PE:EtOAc=2:1) to afford ethyl 6-methyl-3-(prop-1-en-2-yl)-7-(2,3,5-trifluorophenyl)pyrazolo[1,5-a] pyrimidine-2-carboxylate.
To a solution of ethyl 6-methyl-3-(prop-1-en-2-yl)-7-(2,3,5-trifluorophenyl)pyrazolo[1,5-a]pyrimidine-2-carboxylate (400 mg, 1.07 mmol) in MeOH (8 mL) was added Pd/C (40 mg, 10%).) The reaction mixture was stirred for 30 min under hydrogen gas (1 atm). The mixture was filtered and concentrated in vacuo to afford ethyl 3-isopropyl-6-methyl-7-(2,3,5-trifluorophenyl) pyrazolo[1,5-a]pyrimidine-2-caroxylate.
To a solution of ethyl 3-isopropyl-6-methyl-7-(2,3,5-trifluorophenyl)pyrazolo[1,5-a] pyrimidine-2-carboxylate (150 mg, 0.40 mmol) in THF (1.5 mL) and MeOH (1.5 mL) was added LiOH (4 7.60 mg, 1.99 mmol) and H2O (1.5 mL). The reaction mixture was stirred for 16 h at rt. Upon completion of the reaction, the mixture was concentrated under reduced pressure, the pH value of the mixture was adjusted to 5 by addition of aq. HCl (1 M). The resulting mixture was extracted with EtOAc. The organic layers were combined, dried over anhydrous Na2SO4, filtered and concentrated in vacuo to afford 3-isopropyl-6-methyl-7-(2,3,5-trifluorophenyl)pyrazolo[1,5-a]pyrimidine-2-carboxylic acid.
To a solution 3-isopropyl-6-methyl-7-(2,3,5-trifluorophenyl)pyrazolo[1,5-a]pyrimidine-2-carboxylic acid (150 mg, 0.43 mmol) in DMF (5 mL, 64.6 mmol), HATU (212 mg, 0.56 mmol), DIPEA (222 mg, 1.72 mmol) and 2,3-dihydro-1,4-benzoxazin-4-amine (64 mg, 0.43 mmol) were added. The reaction mixture was stirred for 1 h at rt. After this time, the mixture was treated with H2O and extracted with EtOAc. The organic layers were combined, dried over anhydrous Na2SO4, filtered and concentrated under reduced pressure. The residue was purified by silica gel column chromatography (PE:EtOAc=2:1) to give crude product. The crude product was re-purified by prep-HPLC [Mobile Phase A: H2O (10 mmol/L NH4HCO3), Mobile Phase B: CH3CN; Gradient: 49% B to 79% B in 7 min) to afford N-(2,3-dihydro-4H-benzo[b][1,4]oxazin-4-yl)-3-isopropyl-6-methyl-7-(2,3,5-tri-fluorophenyl)pyrazolo[1,5-a]pyrimidine-2-carboxamide. 1H NMR (300 MHz, DMSO-d6) δ ppm: 10.22 (s, 1H), 8.66 (s, 1H), 7.92-7.83 (m, 1H), 7.60-7.56 (m, 1H), 6.75-6.63 (m, 4H), 4.32-4.30 (m, 2H), 3.88-3.79 (m, 1H), 3.59-3.56 (m, 2H), 2.23 (s, 3H), 1.44-1.32 (m, 6H). LCMS (Method G2) Rt=1.27 min; m/z=482 (M+H)+.
To a solution of 2,3,5-trifluoroaniline (5.00 g, 33.99 mmol) and conc. HCl (90 mL) was added NaNO2 (2.81 g, 40.8 mmol) in H2O (10 mL, 555 mmol) dropwise at −10° C. The resulting mixture was stirred at −10° C. for 20 min. Then, SnCl2 (9.67 g, 51.0 mmol) in conc. HCl (10 mL) was added dropwise at −10° C. The resulting mixture was stirred for 1 h at rt. The precipitated solids were collected by filtration and washed with concentrated HCl and dried in vacuo to give (2,3,5-trifluorophenyl) hydrazine HCl salt.
Under inert nitrogen atmosphere, (2,3,5-trifluorophenyl)hydrazine (3.2 g, 19.74 mmol), (2E)-3-methoxyprop-2-enenitrile (1.64 g, 19.74 mmol) and TFA (30 mL) were mixed. The resulting mixture was stirred for 3 h at 100° C. After cooling down to rt, the resulting mixture was concentrated under reduced pressure and extracted with EtOAc. The organic layers were combined, dried over anhydrous Na2SO4, filtered and concentrated under reduced pressure. The residue was purified by silica gel column chromatography (PE:EtOAc=4:1) to afford 1-(2,3,5-trifluorophenyl) pyrazol-3-amine.
Under inert nitrogen atmosphere, a solution of 2-(2,3,5-trifluorophenyl)pyrazol-3-amine (1 g, 4.69 mmol) and diethyl(ethoxymethylene)malonate (1.22 g, 5.63 mmol) in toluene (10 mL) was stirred for 5 h at 100° C. After cooling down to rt, the resulting mixture was treated with H2O and extracted with EtOAc. The organic layers were combined, dried over anhydrous Na2SO4, filtered and concentrated under reduced pressure. The residue was purified by silica gel column chromatography (PE:EtOAc=4:1) to give diethyl 2-(((1-(2,3,5-trifluorophenyl)-1H-pyrazol-5-yl)amino)methylene)malonate.
1,3-Diethyl 2-(((1-(2,3,5-trifluorophenyl)-1H-pyrazol-5-yl)amino)methylene)malonate (640 mg, 1.67 mmol) was treated with POCl3 (6 mL). The resulting mixture was stirred overnight at 80° C. After cooling down to rt, the reaction mixture was concentrated and treated with ice H2O and extracted EtOAc. The combined organic extracts were washed with H2O, dried over anhydrous Na2SO4, filtered and concentrated under reduced pressure. The residue was purified by silica gel column chromatography (PE:EtOAc=3:1) to give ethyl 4-chloro-1-(2,3,5-trifluorophenyl)pyrazolo[3,4-b]pyridine-5-carboxylate.
Under inert nitrogen atmosphere, a mixture of ethyl 4-chloro-1-(2,3,5-trifluorophenyl) pyrazolo[3,4-b]pyridine-5-carboxylate (308 mg, 0.87 mmol), 4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-2-(prop-1-en-2-yl)-1,3,2-dioxaborolane (175 mg, 1.04 mmol), Pd(dppf)Cl2·CH2Cl2 (70.5 mg, 0.09 mmol) and K2CO3 (239 mg, 1.73 mmol) in dioxane (6 mL) and H2O (1.5 mL) was stirred for 3 h at 80° C. After cooling down to rt, the reaction mixture was diluted with EtOAc, washed with H2O, dried over anhydrous Na2SO4, filtered and concentrated under reduced pressure. The residue was purified by silica gel column chromatography (PE:EtOAc=3:1) to give ethyl 4-(prop-1-en-2-yl)-1-(2,3,5-trifluorophenyl)-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-b]pyridine-5-carboxylate.
A mixture of ethyl 4-(prop-1-en-2-yl)-1-(2,3,5-trifluorophenyl)pyrazolo[3,4-b]pyridine-5-carboxylate (160 mg, 0.44 mmol) and Pd/C (16 mg) in EtOH (3 mL) was stirred under hydrogen gas (1 atm) for 3 h at rt. After this time, the mixture was filtered and concentrated in vacuo to give ethyl 4-isopropyl-1-(2,3,5-trifluorophenyl)-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-b]pyridine-5-carboxylate.
Ethyl 4-isopropyl-1-(2,3,5-trifluorophenyl)pyrazolo[3,4-b]pyridine-5-carboxylate (140 mg, 0.38 mmol) was treated with LiOH (46.1 mg, 1.93 mmol) in MeOH (1 mL), THF (1 mL) and H2O (1 mL). The resulting solution was stirred for 3 h at rt. Upon completion of the reaction, the mixture was concentrated under reduced pressure, the pH value of the mixture was adjusted to 4 by addition of aq. HCl (1M). The resulting mixture was extracted with EtOAc. The organic layers were combined, dried over anhydrous Na2SO4, filtered and concentrated in vacuo to give 4-isopropyl-1-(2,3,5-trifluorophenyl)-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-b]-pyridine-5-carboxylic acid.
To a solution of 4-isopropyl-1-(2,3,5-trifluorophenyl)pyrazolo[3,4-b]pyridine-5-carboxylic acid (120 mg, 0.36 mmol) in DMF (3 mL) was added 2,3-dihydro-1,4-benzoxazin-4-amine (59 mg, 0.39 mmol), HATU (177 mg, 0.47 mmol) and DIPEA (139 mg, 1.07 mmol). The resulting solution was stirred for 2 h at rt. Upon completion of the reaction, the resulting mixture was treated with H2O and extracted with EtOAc. The organic layers were combined, dried over anhydrous Na2SO4, filtered and concentrated under reduced pressure. The residue was purified by prep-HPLC [Mobile Phase A: H2O (10 mmol/L NH4HCO3), Mobile Phase B: CH3CN; Gradient: 37% B to 79% B in 10 min] with the following conditions to afford N-(2,3-dihydro-4H-benzo[b][1,4]oxazin-4-yl)-4-isopropyl-1-(2,3,5-trifluorophenyl)-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-b]pyridine-5-carboxamide. 1H-NMR (300 MHz, 90° C., CD3OD) δ [ppm]: 8.73 (s, 1H), 8.63 (s, 1H), 7.46-7.36 (m, 2H), 6.97-6.94 (d, 1H), 6.88-6.83 (m, 1H), 6.81-6.77 (d, 2H), 4.45-4.42 (m, 2H), 3.72-3.62 (m, 3H), 1.62-1.57 (d, 6H). LCMS (Method E1) Rt=1.205 min; m/z=468 (M+H)+.
To a solution of 2,3,5-trifluoroaniline (6.00 g, 40.79 mmol) in conc. HCl (80 mL) was added NaNO2 (3.38 g, 49.0 mmol) in H2O (10 mL) dropwise at −10° C. The resulting mixture was stirred for 20 min at −10° C. To the above mixture was added SnCl2 (11.6 g, 61.2 mmol) in conc. HCl (10 mL) dropwise at −10° C. The resulting mixture was stirred for additional 1 h at rt. The precipitated solids were collected by filtration and washed with conc. HCl.
To a solution of (2,3,5-trifluorophenyl)hydrazine HCl salt (5.8 g, 35.8 mmol) in HCl (60 mL, 1 M), was added (2Z)-3-aminobut-2-enenitrile (2.94 g, 35.8 mmol). The resulting mixture was stirred overnight at 80° C. under nitrogen atmosphere. After cooling down to rt, the reaction mixture was diluted with EtOAc, dried over anhydrous Na2SO4, filtered and concentrated under vacuum. The residue was purified by silica gel column chromatography (PE:EtOAc=2:1) to afford 5-methyl-2-(2,3,5-trifluorophenyl)pyrazol-3-amine.
To a solution of 5-methyl-2-(2,3,5-trifluorophenyl)pyrazol-3-amine (1.00 g, 4.40 mmol) in diphenyl ether (6 mL), was added ethyl (2Z)-2-(ethoxymethylene)-4-methyl-3-oxo-pentanoate (1.89 g, 8.80 mmol). The resulting mixture was stirred for 1 h at 75° C. and then 2 h at 250° C. under nitrogen atmosphere. The reaction mixture was allowed to cool down to rt. To the resulting mixture was added H2O. The aq. layer was separated and extracted with EtOAc, dried over anhydrous Na2SO4, filtered and concentrated under vacuum. The residue was purified by silica gel column chromatography (CH3CN: H2O (0.05% NH4HCO3)=2:1) to afford 4-isopropyl-3-methyl-1-(2,3,5-trifluorophenyl) pyrazolo[3,4-b] pyridine-5-carboxylic acid.
To a solution of 4-isopropyl-3-methyl-1-(2,3,5-trifluorophenyl)pyrazolo[3,4-b]pyridine-5-carboxylic acid (500 mg, 1.43 mmol) in DMF (6 mL), were added 2,3-dihydro-1,4-benzoxazin-4-amine (215 mg, 1.43 mmol), DIPEA (922 mg, 7.15 mmol) and HATU (815 mg, 2.15 mmol). The reaction mixture was stirred for 16 h at rt. Upon completion of the reaction, the resulting mixture was treated with H2O and extracted with EtOAc. The organic layers were combined, dried over anhydrous Na2SO4, filtered and concentrated under vacuum. The residue purified by silica gel column chromatography (PE:EtOAc=3:1) and further purified by Prep-HPLC (Mobile Phase A: H2O (10 mmol/L NH4HCO3), Mobile Phase B: CH3CN; Gradient: 62% B to 92% B in 7 min) to afford N-(2,3-dihydro-1,4-benzoxazin-4-yl)-4-isopropyl-3-methyl-1-(2,3,5-trifluorophenyl)-pyrazolo[3,4-b]pyridine-5-carboxamide. 1H-NMR (400 MHz, DMSO-D6): 6 [ppm]=8.65 (br s, 1H), 7.53-7.45 (m, 1H), 7.37-7.35 (m, 1H), 6.90-6.72 (m, 4H), 4.33-4.20 (m, 2H), 3.60-3.30 (m, 3H), 2.52 (s, 3H), 0.99-0.94 (m, 6H). LCMS (Method B2) R&=1.374 min; m/z=482.15 (M+H)+.
Under inert nitrogen atmosphere, a solution of 4-bromo-5-nitro-1H-imidazole (1.6 g, 8.34 mmol), 2,3,5-trifluorophenylboronic acid (2.20 g, 12.50 mmol), XPhos Pd G3 (0.71 g, 0.83 mmol), XPhos (0.79 g, 1.67 mmol) and K3PO4 (5.31 g, 25.0 mmol) in 1,4-dioxane (25 mL) and H2O (25 mL) was stirred at 110° C. for 24 h. After cooling down to rt, the reaction mixture was filtered and extracted with EtOAc. The organic layers were combined, dried over anhydrous Na2SO4, filtered, and concentrated under reduced pressure. The residue was purified by silica gel column chromatography (PE:EtOAc=1:5) to give 4-nitro-5-(2,3,5-trifluorophenyl)-3H-imidazole.
A mixture of 4-nitro-5-(2,3,5-trifluorophenyl)-3H-imidazole (240 mg, 0.74 mmol) and Pd/C (15 mg, 0.14 mmol) in EtOH (10 mL) was stirred under hydrogen gas (1 atm) for 4 h at rt. The resulting mixture was filtered, and the filtrate was concentrated under reduced pressure to give the 5-(2,3,5-trifluorophenyl)-3H-imidazol-4-amine.
Under inert nitrogen atmosphere, a solution of ethyl 4-methyl-3-oxopentanoate (1.00 g, 6.32 mmol) and CH(OCH3)3(2.01 g, 18.94 mmol) in Ac2O (15 mL) was stirred overnight at 130° C. Then, the resulting mixture was concentrated under reduced pressure to give ethyl 2-(ethoxymethylidene)-4-methyl-3-oxopentanoate.
Under inert nitrogen atmosphere, a solution of 5-(2,3,5-trifluorophenyl)-4,5-dihydro-3H-imidazol-4-amine (210 mg, 60% purity, 0.59 mmol), ethyl 2-(ethoxymethylidene)-4-methyl-3-oxopentanoate (250 mg, 1.17 mmol) and Et3N (300 mg, 2.97 mmol) in EtOH (6 mL) was stirred overnight at 100° C. After this time, the resulting mixture was concentrated under reduced pressure. The residue was purified by prep-TLC (PE:EtOAc=5:1) to afford the ethyl 4-isopropyl-8-(2,3,5-trimethylphenyl)imidazo[1,5-a]pyrimidine-3-carboxylate.
To a solution of ethyl 4-isopropyl-8-(2,3,5-trifluorophenyl)imidazo[1,5-a]pyrimidine-3-carboxylate (72 mg, 0.15 mmol) in THF (1.5 mL) was added LiOH (18 mg, 0.75 mmol) in MeOH (1.5 mL) and H2O (1.5 mL). The resulting solution was stirred for 3 h at rt. Upon completion of the reaction, THF was evaporated under recued pressure and the pH value of the solution was adjusted to 5 by addition of aq. HCl (1 M). The mixture was extracted with EtOAc, the organic layers were combined, dried over anhydrous Na2SO4, filtered, and concentrated in vacuo to afford 4-isopropyl-8-(2,3,5-trifluorophenyl) imidazo[1,5-a]pyrimidine-3-carboxylic acid.
Under inert nitrogen atmosphere, a solution of 4-isopropyl-8-(2,3,5-trifluorophenyl) imidazo[1,5-a]pyrimidine-3-carboxylic acid (50 mg, 0.13 mmol), HATU (73 mg, 0.19 mmol), and 2,3-dihydro-1,4-benzoxazin-4-amine (25 mg, 0.17 mmol) in DMF (3.0 mL) was stirred for 4 h at rt. Then the solution was diluted with H2O and extracted with EtOAc. The organic layers were combined, dried over anhydrous Na2SO4, filtered, and concentrated under reduced pressure. The residue was purified by prep-TLC (PE:EtOAc=1:1). The product was further purified by prep-HPLC [Column: XBridge Prep C18 OBD Column, 30*100 mm, 5 μm; Mobile Phase A: H2O (10 mmol/L NH4HCO3), Mobile Phase B: CH3CN; Gradient: 35% B to 60% B in 9 min] to afford N-(2,3-dihydro-1,4-benzoxazin-4-yl)-4-isopropyl-8-(2,3,5-trifluorophenyl)imidazo[1,5-a]pyrimidine-3-carboxamide. 1H-NMR (400 MHz, 90° C., DMSO-d6) δ[ppm]: 10.49 (s, 1H), 8.82 (s, 1H), 8.43 (s, 1H), 7.74 (s, 1H), 7.35 (s, 1H), 6.91-6.72 (m, 4H), 4.36 (t, 2H), 3.68 (m, 1H), 3.67 (t, 2H), 1.55 (d, 6H). LCMS (Method E1) Rt=1.38 min; m/z=468 (M+H)+.
Under inert nitrogen atmosphere, isopropylamine (6.43 g, 108.82 mmol) was added slowly to a solution of 2,4-dichloro-3-nitropyridine (20 g, 103.64 mmol) and Et3N (33.13 mL, 327.43 mmol) in DMF (200 mL). The resulting mixture was stirred overnight at rt. After this time, the mixture was diluted with ice H2O and extracted with CH2Cl2. The organic layers were combined, dried over anhydrous Na2SO4, filtered and concentrated under reduced pressure. The residue was purified by silica gel column chromatography (PE:EtOAc=2:1) to afford 2-chloro-N-isopropyl-3-nitropyridin-4-amine.
A mixture of 2-chloro-N-isopropyl-3-nitropyridin-4-amine (20.00 g, 92.78 mmol) and PtO2 (211 mg, 0.93 mmol) in EtOH (200 mL) was stirred under hydrogen gas (1.5 atm) overnight at rt. After this time, the solution was filtered and concentrated under reduced pressure. The residue was purified by silica gel column chromatography (PE:EtOAc=1:1) to afford 2-chloro-N4-isopropylpyridine-3,4-diamine.
Under inert nitrogen atmosphere, 2-chloro-N4-isopropylpyridine-3,4-diamine (12.1 g, 65.2 mmol) was stirred in triethyl orthopropionate (120 mL) and conc. HCl (2.4 mL) overnight at rt. Then the solution was diluted with cooled sat. NaHCO3-solution and extracted with CH2Cl2. The organic layers were combined, dried over anhydrous Na2SO4, filtered and concentrated under reduced pressure. The residue was purified by silica gel column chromatography (PE:EtOAc=1:3) to afford 4-chloro-1-isopropylimidazo[4,5-c]pyridine.
Under inert nitrogen atmosphere, 4-chloro-1-isopropylimidazo[4,5-c]pyridine (2.00 g, 10.2 mmol) was dissolved in abs. THF (20 mL). Then n-BuLi (1.44 mL, 2.5 M in abs. THF, 15.3 mmol) was added slowly and the mixture was stirred for 0.5 h at −78° C. Then, CO2 gas (1.5 atm) was introduced, and the resulting mixture was allowed to warm to rt over 3 h. Then the solution was diluted with cooled sat. NH4Cl-solution and extracted with EtOAc. The organic layers were combined, dried over anhydrous Na2SO4, filtered and concentrated in vacuo to afford 4-chloro-1-isopropylimidazo[4,5-c] pyridine-2-carboxylic acid.
To a solution of 4-chloro-1-isopropylimidazo[4,5-c]pyridine-2-carboxylic acid (400 mg, 1.67 mmol) in CH2Cl2 (10 mL), oxalyl chloride (2.1 g, 16.7 mmol) was added at 0° C. The mixture was allowed to stir and warm up to rt over 2 h. After this time, the mixture was concentrated under reduced pressure. The residue was dissolved in CH2Cl2 (10 mL) and 2,3-dihydro-1,4-benzoxazin-4-amine (301 mg, 2.00 mmol) was added in portions at 0° C. The resulting mixture was stirred for 2 h at rt and was then concentrated under reduced pressure. The residue was purified by prep-TLC (PE:EtOAc=3:1) to afford 4-chloro-N-(2,3-dihydro-1,4-benzoxazin-4-yl)-1-isopropylimidazo[4,5-c]pyridine-2-carboxamide.
Under inert nitrogen atmosphere, 4-chloro-N-(2,3-dihydro-1,4-benzoxazin-4-yl)-1-isopropylimidazo[4,5-c]pyridine-2-carboxamide (50.0 mg, 0.13 mmol), 2,3,5-trifluoro-phenylboronic acid (28 mg, 0.16 mmol), K3PO4 (57 mg, 0.27 mmol), and XPhos Pd G3 (11.0 mg, 0.013 mmol) were mixed in 1,4-dioxane (1 mL) and H2O (0.2 mL) and the resulting mixture was stirred overnight at 75° C. After cooling down to rt, the mixture was diluted with H2O and extracted with EtOAc. The organic layers were combined, dried over anhydrous Na2SO4, filtered and concentrated under reduced pressure. The residue was purified by prep-TLC (PE:EtOAc=1:1) and further purified by prep-HPLC [Mobile Phase A: H2O (10 mmol/L NH4HCO3), Mobile Phase B: MeOH; Gradient: 67% B to 70% B in 11 min) to afford N-(2,3-dihydro-1,4-benzoxazin-4-yl)-1-isopropyl-4-(2,3,5-trifluoro-phenyl)imidazo[4,5-c]pyridine-2-carboxamide. 1H-NMR (400 MHz, DMSO-d6) δ[ppm]: 11.01 (s, 1H), 8.56 (d, 1H), 8.08 (d, 1H), 7.79-7.52 (m, 2H), 6.90-6.62 (m, 4H), 5.65-5.58 (m, 1H), 4.37 (m, 2H), 3.64 (t, 2H), 1.66 (d, 6H). LCMS (Method E1) Rt=1.58 min; m/z=466 (M−H)−.
Under an inert atmosphere of nitrogen, 2,6-dichloro-1-nitrobenzene (6.00 g, 31.3 mmol), DMF (50 mL), isopropylamine (1.85 g, 31.3 mmol), and Cs2CO3 (20.4 g, 62.5 mmol) were mixed. The resulting mixture was stirred overnight at 80° C. After cooling down to rt, the resulting mixture was diluted with H2O and extracted with EtOAc, dried over anhydrous Na2SO4, filtered, and concentrated under vacuum. The residue was purified by silica gel column chromatography (PE:EtOAc=12:1) to afford 3-chloro-N-isopropyl-2-nitroaniline.
3-Chloro-N-isopropyl-2-nitroaniline (2.1 g, 9.78 mmol), NH4Cl (20 mL, 97.8 mmol, 5 M) and iron powder (2.60 g, 46.6 mmol) were mixed in EtOH (20 mL). The resulting solution was stirred overnight at 60° C. After cooling down to rt, the resulting mixture was filtered. The filter cake was washed with EtOH. The filtrate was concentrated under reduced pressure and extracted with EtOAc, dried over anhydrous Na2SO4, filtered, and concentrated under vacuum. The crude product (1.8 g) was used in the next step directly without further purification.
Under an inert atmosphere of nitrogen, were mixed 3-chloro-N1-isopropylbenzene-1,2-diamine (1.8 g, 9.75 mmol), methyl 2-oxoacetate (0.84 g, 9.53 mmol), Na2S2O4 (8.49 g, 48.7 mmol), EtOH (15 mL) and DMSO (3 mL). The resulting solution was stirred overnight at 80° C. After cooling down to rt, the resulting mixture was diluted with H2O and extracted with EtOAc, dried over anhydrous Na2SO4, filtered, and concentrated under vacuum. The residue was purified by silica gel column chromatography (PE:EtOAc=3:1) to afford ethyl 4-chloro-1-isopropyl-1,3-benzodiazole-2-carboxylate.
Under an inert atmosphere of nitrogen, were mixed ethyl 4-chloro-1-isopropyl-1,3-benzodiazole-2-carboxylate (600 mg, 2.25 mmol), 2,3,5-trifluorophenylboronic acid (475 mg, 2.7 mmol), XPhos Pd G3 (190 mg, 0.225 mmol), XPhos (214 mg, 0.45 mmol), K3PO4 (955 mg, 4.5 mmol), 1,4-dioxane (6 mL) and H2O (1.2 mL). The resulting solution was stirred overnight at 80° C. After cooling down to rt, the solution was diluted with H2O and extracted with EtOAc. The organic layers were combined, dried over anhydrous Na2SO4, filtered and concentrated under vacuum. The residue was purified by silica gel chromatography (PE:EtOAc=3:1) to afford ethyl 1-isopropyl-4-(2,3,5-trifluorophenyl)-1,3-benzodiazole-2-carboxylate.
To a solution of ethyl 1-isopropyl-4-(2,3,5-trifluorophenyl)-1,3-benzodiazole-2-carboxylate (200 mg, 0.55 mmol) in THF (2 mL) was added LiOH (39.7 mg, 1.65 mmol), MeOH (2 mL) and H2O (2 mL). The mixture was stirred for 1 h at rt. Upon completion of the reaction, the solution was blown to dry by nitrogen gas to afford lithium 1-isopropyl-4-(2,3,5-trifluorophenyl)-1H-benzo[d]imidazole-2-carboxylate.
To a solution of lithium 1-isopropyl-4-(2,3,5-trifluorophenyl)-1H-benzo[d]imidazole-2-carboxylate (140 mg, 0.41 mmol) in DMF (2 mL), was added HATU (172 mg, 0.45 mmol), 2,3-dihydro-1,4-benzoxazin-4-amine (68.0 mg, 0.45 mmol) and DIPEA (53.18 mg, 0.41 mmol). The resulting solution was stirred for 30 min at rt. Upon completion of the reaction, the solution was diluted with H2O and extracted with EtOAc. The organic layers were combined, dried over anhydrous Na2SO4, filtered, and concentrated under vacuum. The residue was purified by prep-HPLC (Column: XSelect CSH C18 OBD Column 30*150 mm 5 μm, n; Mobile Phase A: H2O (0.1% FA), Mobile Phase B: CH3CN; Gradient: 63% B to 80% B in 8 min, 80% B) to afford N-(2,3-dihydro-1,4-benzoxazin-4-yl)-1-isopropyl-4-(2,3,5-trifluorophenyl)-1,3-benzodiazole-2-carboxamide. 1H-NMR (400 MHz, DMSO-d6) δ[ppm] 10.84 (s, 1H), 8.04-8.00 (m, 1H), 7.65-7.56 (m, 2H), 7.52-7.48 (m, 2H), 6.82-6.76 (m, 3H), 6.72-6.68 (m, 1H), 5.68-5.61 (m, 1H), 4.37-4.34 (m, 2H), 3.64-3.63 (m, 2H), 1.65 (d, 6H). LC-MS (Analytical Method E) Rt=1.501 min; MS (ESIpos); m/z=467 (M+H)+. LCMS (Method F2) Rt=1.50 min; m/z=467 (M−H)−.
To a solution of ethyl 4,6-dichloro-5-nitro-pyridine-3-carboxylate (5.00 g, 18.9 mmol) in 1,4-dioxane (40 mL) and H2O (10 mL) were added isopropenyl boronic acid (1.94 g, 22.6 mmol), cesium fluoride (5.73 g, 37.7 mmol, 1.39 mL) and palladium (0) tetrakis(triphenylphosphine) (2.18 g, 1.89 mmol). The mixture was stirred at 80° C. under nitrogen atmosphere for overnight. After cooling down to rt, the organic solvent was evaporated and H2O was added. The aq. layer was separated and extracted with EtOAc. The organic phase was washed with H2O, brine and dried over anhydrous Na2SO4. After filtration, the filtrate was concentrated under reduced pressure and the residue was purified by silica gel column chromatography to afford ethyl 6-chloro-4-isopropenyl-5-nitro-pyridine-3-carboxylate.
To a solution of ethyl 6-chloro-4-isopropenyl-5-nitro-pyridine-3-carboxylate (1.00 g, 3.69 mmol) in toluene (10 mL) were added 2,3,5-trifluoroaniline (1.09 g, 7.39 mmol), Cs2CO3 (2.41 g, 7.39 mmol), BINAP (460.10 mg, 738.91 μmol) and Pd(OAc)2 (83.7 mg, 369.5 μmol). The mixture was stirred at 100° C. under nitrogen atmosphere for 2 h. After cooling down to rt, H2O was added, and the resulting mixture was extracted with EtOAc. The organic layer was washed with brine and dried over anhydrous Na2SO4. After filtration, the filtrate was concentrated under reduced pressure and the residue was purified by silica gel column chromatography to afford ethyl 4-isopropenyl-5-nitro-6-(2,3,5-trifluoroanilino) pyridine-3-carboxylate.
To a solution of ethyl 4-isopropenyl-5-nitro-6-(2,3,5-trifluoroanilino)pyridine-3-carboxylate (650 mg, 1.70 mmol) in MeOH (10 mL) was added palladium, 10% on carbon (145 mg, 1.36 mmol). The mixture was stirred at rt under hydrogen atmosphere for 2 h. The catalyst was removed by filtration and the filtrate was concentrated under reduced pressure to afford ethyl 5-amino-4-isopropyl-6-(2,3,5-trifluoroanilino)pyridine-3-carboxylate.
To a solution of ethyl 5-amino-4-isopropyl-6-(2,3,5-trifluoroanilino)pyridine-3-carboxylate (635 mg, 1.80 mmol) in H2O (3 mL), EtOH (3 mL) and acetic acid (3 mL) was added sodium nitrite (161 mg, 2.34 mmol) at 0° C. The resulting mixture was stirred at rt for overnight and then, concentrated under reduced pressure. H2O was added, and the mixture was extracted with EtOAc. The organic layer was washed with brine and dried over anhydrous Na2SO4. After filtration, the filtrate was concentrated under reduced pressure and the residue was purified by silica gel column chromatography to afford ethyl 7-isopropyl-3-(2,3,5-trifluorophenyl)triazolo[4,5-b]pyridine-6-carboxylate.
To a solution of ethyl 7-isopropyl-3-(2,3,5-trifluorophenyl)triazolo[4,5-b]pyridine-6-carboxylate (320 mg, 878 μmol) in EtOH (2 mL) and THF (6 mL) was added LiOH (63 mg, 2.64 mmol, in 3 mL H2O). The reaction mixture was stirred at 50° C. for overnight. After this time, the mixture was concentrated under reduced pressure. The residue was diluted with H2O and the pH was adjusted to 5-6 by addition of aq. HCl (1 M). Then the resulting solution was extracted with EtOAc. The organic layer was washed with H2O, brine and dried over anhydrous Na2SO4. After filtration, the filtrate was concentrated under reduced pressure to afford 7-isopropyl-3-(2,3,5-trifluorophenyl)triazolo[4,5-b]pyridine-6-carboxylic acid.
To a solution of 7-isopropyl-3-(2,3,5-trifluorophenyl)triazolo[4,5-b]pyridine-6-carboxylic acid (331 mg, 984 μmol) in N,N-dimethylformamide (10 mL) was added HATU (562 mg, 1.48 mmol), N,N-diisopropylethylamine (382 mg, 2.95 mmol, 514 μL) and 2,3-dihydro-4H-benzo[b][1,4]oxazin-4-amine (296 mg, 1.97 mmol). Then the resulting mixture was stirred at rt for 2 h. H2O was added, and the resulting mixture was extracted with EtOAc. The organic layer was washed with H2O, brine and dried over anhydrous Na2SO4. After filtration, the filtrate was concentrated under reduced pressure. The crude product (200 mg) was purified by Prep-HPLC with the following conditions (Column: XBridge Prep C18 OBD Column, 30*100 mm, 5 μm; Mobile Phase A: H2O (10 mmol/L NH4HCO3), Mobile Phase B: CH3CN; Flow rate: 60 mL/min; Gradient: 44% B to 66% B in 9 min, 66% B) to afford N-(2,3-dihydro-1,4-benzoxazin-4-yl)-7-isopropyl-3-(2,3,5-trifluorophenyl)triazolo-[4,5-b]pyridine-6-carboxamide. 1H-NMR (400 MHz, DMSO-d6): δ [ppm] 10.96 (s, 1H), 9.00 (s, 1H), 7.96-7.75 (m, 2H), 6.72 (m, 4H), 4.32 (t, 2H), 4.09-3.98 (m, 1H), 3.51-3.45 (t, 2H), 1.50 (d, 6H). LCMS (Analytical Method B2): Rt=1.195 min; MS (ESIpos): m/z=469 (M+H)+.
To a solution of 2,3-dichloropyridine-4-carboxylic acid (10 g, 52.1 mmol) in anhydrous iPrOH (50 mL) was added hydrazine monohydrate (15.2 mL, 312 mmol). The resulting mixture was stirred overnight at 85° C. After cooling down to rt, the mixture was concentrated and then slurried with iPrOH/EtOAc (1:10) to give 3-chloro-2-hydrazino-pyridine-4-carboxylic acid.
To a solution of (2Z)-3-chloro-2-hydrazinylidene-1H-pyridine-4-carboxylic acid (7.00 g, 37.3 mmol) and 2,3,6-trifluorobenzaldehyde (5.03 mL, 44.8 mmol) in i-PrOH (194 mL) was added 1,3,5-trichloro-1,3,5-triazinane-2,4,6-trione (10.5 mL, 93.3 mmol). The mixture was stirred for 2 h at rt. The reaction mixture was concentrated and washed with EtOAc to afford 8-chloro-3-(2,3,6-trifluorophenyl)-[1,2,4]triazolo[4,3-a]pyridine-7-carboxylic acid.
To a mixture of 8-chloranyl-3-[2,3,6-tris(fluoranyl)phenyl]-[1,2,4]triazolo[4,3-a]pyridine-7-carboxylic acid (2.00 g, 6.10 mmol) in i-PrOH (20 mL) at 0° C. was added diazomethyl-tri(methyl)silane (2 M, 12.2 mL). The resulting mixture was allowed to warm to rt overnight. After this time, the reaction was quenched with AcOH, poured into H2O and extracted with EtOAc. The organic layers were combined, dried over anhydrous Na2SO4, filtered and concentrated under vacuum. The residue was purified by silica gel column choromatography (eluting with EtOAc/PE=50/50) to afford methyl 8-chloranyl-3-[2,3,6-tris(fluoranyl)phenyl]-[1,2,4]triazolo[4,3-a]pyridine-7-carboxylate.
A mixture of methyl 8-chloro-3-(2,3,6-trifluorophenyl)-[1,2,4]triazolo[4,3-a]pyridine-7-carboxylate (800 mg, 2.34 mmol), 2-isopropenyl-4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-1,3,2-dioxaborolane (590 mg, 3.51 mmol), CsF (938 mg, 4.68 mmol) and Pd(PPh3)4(271 mg, 234 mol) in 1,4-dioxane (15 mL), H2O (5 mL) was stirred at 80° C. overnight. The reaction mixture was concentrated and purified by silica gel column chromatography (EtOAc/PE) to afford methyl 8-isopropenyl-3-(2,3,6-trifluorophenyl)-[1,2,4]triazolo[4,3-a]pyridine-7-carboxylate.
To a solution of methyl 8-(1-methylvinyl)-3-[2,3,6-tris(fluoranyl)phenyl]-[1,2,4] triazolo[4,3-a]pyridine-7-carboxylate (800 mg, 2.30 mmol) in EtOAc (20 mL) was added PtO2 (40 mg, 176 μmol). The mixture was then stirred overnight at rt under H2 gas. The precipitated solids were collected by diatomite and washed with EtOAc. The reaction mixture was concentrated and purified by silica gel column chromatography (EtOAc/PE) to afford methyl 8-(1-methylethyl)-3-[2,3,6-tris(fluoranyl)phenyl]-[1,2,4]triazolo[4,3-a]pyridine-7-carboxylate.
A mixture of methyl 8-(1-methylethyl)-3-[2,3,6-tris(fluoranyl)phenyl]-[1,2,4] triazolo[4,3-a]pyridine-7-carboxylate (200 mg, 572.56 μmol) and LiOH (69 mg, 2.86 mmol) in THF (1 mL), H2O (1 mL) and MeOH (1 mL) was stirred for overnight at rt under nitrogen atmosphere. The reaction was quenched with aq. HCl (6M in H2O) at 0° C. The aq. layer was extracted with EtOAc (3×5 mL). The resulting mixture was concentrated under vacuum to afford 8-(1-methylethyl)-3-[2,3,6-tris(fluoranyl)phenyl]-[1,2,4]triazolo[4,3-a]pyridine-7-carboxylic acid.
A mixture of 8-isopropyl-3-(2,3,6-trifluorophenyl)-[1,2,4]triazolo[4,3-a]pyridine-7-carboxylic acid (165 mg, 492 μmol) and HATU (206 mg, 541 μmol) in DMF was stirred for 30 min at rt under nitrogen atmosphere. To the above mixture was added DIPEA (200 mg, 984 μmol) and 2,3-dihydro-1,4-benzoxazin-4-amine (111 mg, 738 μmol) dropwise at rt. The resulting mixture was further stirred overnight at rt and then, concentrated under vacuum to afford N-(2,3-dihydro-1,4-benzoxazin-4-yl)-8-isopropyl-3-(2,3,6-trifluorophenyl)-[1,2,4]triazolo[4,3-a]pyridine-7-carboxamide. The residue was purified by prep-HPLC [Mobile Phase A: H2O (10 mmol/L NH4HCO3+0.1% NH3—H2O), Mobile Phase B: CH3CN; Flow rate: 60 mL/min; Gradient: 29% B to 55% B in 8 min] to afford of N-(2,3-dihydro-1,4-benzoxazin-4-yl)-8-isopropyl-3-(2,3,6-trifluorophenyl)-[1,2,4]triazolo[4,3-a]pyridine-7-carboxamide. 1H-NMR (400 MHz, DMSO-d6): δ [ppm]=10.36 (y, 1H), 8.24 (d, 1H), 7.80 (t, 1H), 7.43 (t, 1H), 7.06 (d, 1H), 6.88-6.75 (m, 4H), 4.35 (t, 2H), 3.67-3.66 (m, 3H), 1.63-1.61 (m, 6H). LCMS (Analytical Method E1): Rt=1.045 min; MS (ESIpos): m/z=468.05 (M+H)+.
To a solution of methyl 4-fluoranyl-3-nitro-2-oxidanyl-benzoate (600 mg, 2.79 mmol) in iPrOH (10 mL) was added 2,3,5-tris(fluoranyl)aniline (615 mg, 4.18 mmol) and diisopropylethylamine (1.46 mL, 8.37 mmol) and the resulting mixture was stirred under nitrogen atmosphere for 16 h at 110° C. After this time, the mixture was concentrated under reduced pressure. To the residue was added H2O (10 mL) and the aq. layer was extracted with EtOAc. The combined organic layers were washed with brine, dried over anhydrous Na2SO4. After filtration, the filtrate was concentrated under reduced pressure. The residue was purified by silica gel column chromatography, eluting with PE/EtOAc (24:1) to afford methyl 2-hydroxy-3-nitro-4-(2,3,5-trifluoroanilino) benzoate.
To a solution of methyl 2-hydroxy-3-nitro-4-(2,3,5-trifluoroanilino)benzoate (246 mg, 719 μmol) in CH2Cl2 (1.84 mL) was added pyridine (719 μmol, 58.1 μL). At 0° C., was then added trifluoromethanesulfonic anhydride (719 μmol, 121 μL) and the resulting mixture was stirred under nitrogen atmosphere for 16 h at rt. After this time, H2O (10 mL) was added and the mixture extracted with CH2Cl2 (3×20 mL). The organic layers were combined, washed with brine, and dried over anhydrous Na2SO4. After filtration, the filtrate was concentrated under reduced pressure to afford propyl 3-nitro-4-(2,3,5-trifluoroanilino)-2-(trifluoromethylsulfonyloxy)benzoate.
To a solution of propyl 3-nitro-4-(2,3,5-trifluoroanilino)-2-(trifluoromethylsulfonyloxy) benzoate (298 mg, 593 μmol) in 1,4-dioxane (4 mL) and H2O (1 mL) was added Pd(dppf)Cl2 (48.4 mg, 59.3 μmol) and potassium carbonate (246 mg, 1.78 mmol, 107 μL).The mixture was kept stirring under nitrogen atmosphere for 16 h at 80° C. To the residue was added H2O (10 mL) and the mixture was extracted with EtOAc (3×). The combined organic layers were dried over anhydrous Na2SO4. After filtration, the filtrate was concentrated under reduced pressure. The residue was purified by silica gel column chromatography, eluting with PE/EtOAc (49:1) to afford methyl 2-isopropenyl-3-nitro-4-(2,3,5-trifluoroanilino).
To a solution of methyl 2-isopropenyl-3-nitro-4-(2,3,5-trifluoroanilino)benzoate (80.0 mg, 218 μmol) in MeOH (4 mL) was added palladium, 10% on carbon (23.2 mg, 218 μmol).The mixture was then stirred under hydrogen gas for 4 h at rt. The reaction was filtered with MeOH and the filtrate was concentrated under reduced pressure to afford propyl 3-azanyl-2-(1-methylethyl)-4-[2,3,5-tris(fluoranyl)anilino]benzoate.
To a solution of propyl 3-azanyl-2-(1-methylethyl)-4-[2,3,5-tris(fluoranyl)anilino]-benzoate (80 mg, 218 μmol) in H2O (2 mL):EtOH (2 mL):acetic acid (2 mL) was added sodium nitrite (19.6 mg, 284 μmol, 9.03 μL). The resulting mixture was stirred for 16 h at rt. The reaction was then concentrated under reduced pressure. To the residue was added H2O (10 mL) and the mixture was extracted with EtOAc (3×). The combined organic layers were dried over anhydrous Na2SO4. After filtration, the filtrate was concentrated under reduced pressure. The residue was purified by silica gel column chromatography, eluting with PE/EtOAc (24:1) to afford propyl 4-(1-methylethyl)-1-[2,3,5-tris(fluoranyl)phenyl] benzotriazole-5-carboxylate.
To a solution of ethyl 7-isopropyl-3-(2,3,5-trifluorophenyl)triazolo[4,5-b]pyridine-6-carboxylate (50 mg, 0.14 mmol) in EtOH (2 mL): THF (6 mL): H2O (3 mL) was added LiOH (30 mg, 0.71 mmol). The mixture was stirred for 16 h at 50° C. and was then concentrated under reduced pressure. The residue was diluted with H2O and the pH was adjusted to 5-6 by addition of aq. HCl (1 M). Then the resulting solution was extracted with EtOAc. The organic layer was washed with H2O, brine and dried over anhydrous Na2SO4. After filtration, the filtrate was concentrated under reduced pressure to afford 4-isopropyl-1-(2,3,5-trifluorophenyl)-1H-benzo[d][1,2,3]triazole-5-carboxylic acid.
To a solution of 4-(1-methylethyl)-1-[2,3,5-tris(fluoranyl)phenyl]benzotriazole-5-carboxylic acid (37 mg, 110 μmol) and 4-(1-methylethyl)-1-[2,3,5-tris(fluoranyl)phenyl] benzotriazole-5-carboxylic acid (37 mg, 110 μmol) in DMF (5 mL) was added HATU (62.9 mg, 165 μmol) and DIPEA (331 μmol, 57.7 μL) at 0° C. The reaction mixture was slowly warmed to rt and stirred for 4 h. After this time, the reaction mixture was concentrated under reduced pressure and the residue was purified by prep-HPLC with following conditions: Column XBridge Prep C18 OBD Column, 30*100 mm, 5 μm; Mobile Phase A: H2O (10 mmol/L NH4HCO3), Mobile Phase B: CH3CN; Flow rate: 60 mL/min; Gradient: 45% B to 64% B in 10 min, 64% B; Wave Length: 254/220 nm; Rt(min): 9.23; to get N-(2,3-dihydro-1,4-benzoxazin-4-yl)-4-(1-methylethyl)-1-[2,3,5-tris(fluoranyl)-phenyl] benzotriazole-5-carboxamide. 1H-NMR (400 MHz, DMSO-d6): δ [ppm]=10.48 (s, 1H), 8.023-7.93 (m, 1H), 7.88-7.82 (m, 1H), 7.76-7.67 (m, 2H), 6.92-6.66 (m, 4H), 4.37 (t, J=5.6 Hz, 2H), 3.68-3.57 (m, 3H), 1.66 (d, J=5.6 Hz, 6H). LCMS (Analytical Method E1): Rt=1.214 min; m/z=468 (M+H)+.
To a solution of ethyl 7-bromanyl-1H-indole-2-carboxylate (3.20 g, 11.9 mmol) in toluene (80 mL), was added [2,3,5-tris(fluoranyl)phenyl] boronic acid (2.10 g, 11.9 mmol), Pd(dppf)Cl2 (974 mg, 1.19 mmol) and Cs2CO3 (7.76 g, 23.9 mmol). The resulting reaction mixture was stirred overnight at 100° C. under nitrogen atmosphere. After cooling down to rt, the mixture was treated with H2O and extracted with EtOAc (3×). The combined organic layers were dried over anhydrous Na2SO4. After filtration, the filtrate was concentrated under reduced pressure and the residue was purified by silica gel column chromatography (EtOAc:PE=0-20%) to afford ethyl 7-[2,3,5-tris(fluoranyl)phenyl]-1H-indole-2-carboxylate.
To a solution of ethyl 7-[2,3,5-tris(fluoranyl)phenyl]-1H-indole-2-carboxylate (2.95 g, 1.85 mmol) in CH2Cl2 (50 mL) was added NIS (624 mg, 2.78 mmol) at rt. The reaction mixture was stirred overnight at rt under nitrogen atmosphere. Upon completion of the reaction, the resulting mixture was treated with H2O and extracted with EtOAc (3×). The combined organic layers were dried over anhydrous Na2SO4. After filtration, the filtrate was concentrated under reduced pressure and the residue was purified by silica gel column chromatography (EtOAc:PE=0-20%) to afford to ethyl 4-iodanyl-7-[2,3,5-tris(fluoranyl)phenyl]-1H-indole-2-carboxylate.
To a solution of ethyl 3-iodanyl-7-[2,3,5-tris(fluoranyl)phenyl]-1H-indole-2-carboxylate (1.00 g, 2.25 mmol) in 1,4-dioxane (16 mL), was added 4,4,5,5-tetra(methyl)-2-(1-methylvinyl)-1,3,2-dioxaborolane (567 mg, 3.37 mmol), Cs2CO3 (1.46 g, 4.50 mmol), Pd(dppf)Cl2 (184 mg, 225 mol) and H2O (4 mL). The mixture was stirred overnight at 100° C. under nitrogen atmosphere. After cooling down to rt, the mixture was treated with H2O and extracted with EtOAc (3×). The combined organic layers were dried over anhydrous Na2SO4, filtered, and concentrated under reduced pressure. The residue was purified by silica gel column chromatography (EtOAc:PE=0-20%) to give ethyl 3-(1-methylvinyl)-7-[2,3,5-tris(fluoranyl)phenyl]-1H-indole-2-carboxylate.
To a solution of ethyl 3-(1-methylvinyl)-7-[2,3,5-tris(fluoranyl)phenyl]-1H-indole-2-carboxylate (1.60 g, 3.70 mmol) in EtOAc (20 mL), was added Pd/C (180 mg, 1.69 mmol). To the above, hydrogen gas (1-2 atm) was introduced. The resulting mixture was stirred overnight at rt. The mixture was filtered and concentrated under vacuum. The residue was purified by silica gel chromatography (PE:EtOAc=0-20%) to afford ethyl 3-(1-methylethyl)-7-[2,3,5-tris(fluoranyl)phenyl]-1H-indole-2-carboxylate.
To a solution of ethyl 3-(1-methylethyl)-7-[2,3,5-tris(fluoranyl)phenyl]-1H-indole-2-carboxylate (400 mg, 1.11 mmol) in THF (3 mL), was added MeOH (3 mL) and LiOH (79.75 mg, 3.33 mmol) in H2O (3 mL). The resulting mixture was stirred for 6 h at rt. Upon completion of the reaction, the solvents were removed in vacuo and the pH value of the mixture was adjusted to 4 by addition of aq. HCl (1 N). The resulting mixture was extracted with EtOAc (3×). The organic layers were combined, dried over anhydrous Na2SO4, filtered and concentrated under vacuum to afford 3-(1-methylethyl)-7-[2,3,5-tris(fluoranyl)phenyl]-1H-indole-2-carboxylic acid.
To a solution of 3-(1-methylethyl)-7-[2,3,5-tris(fluoranyl)phenyl]-1H-indole-2-carboxylic acid (300 mg, 900 μmol) in DMF (8 mL) was added 2,3-dihydro-1,4-benzoxazin-4-amine (203 mg, 1.35 mmol), DIPEA (232 mg, 1.80 mmol) and HATU (376 mg, 990 μmol). The resulting mixture was stirred at rt for 2 h. Upon completion of the reaction, the mixture was diluted with H2O and extracted with EtOAc (3×). The organic layers were combined, dried over anhydrous Na2SO4, filtered and concentrated under vacuum. The residue was purified by TLC (EtOAc:PE=1:10). The oil was re-purified by Prep-HPLC (Mobile Phase A: H2O (10 mmol/L NH4HCO3), Mobile Phase B: CH3CN; Gradient: 57% B to 85% B in 7 min) to afford N-(2,3-dihydro-1,4-benzoxazin-4-yl)-3-(1-methylethyl)-7-[2,3,5-tris(fluoranyl)-phenyl]-1H-indole-2-carboxamide. 1H-NMR (400 MHz, DMSO-d6): δ [ppm]=7.92 (d, 1H), 7.68-7.65 (m, 1H), 7.36-7.15 (m, 3H), 6.84-6.65 (m, 4H), 4.35 (t, 2H), 3.96-3.93 (m, 1H), 3.63-3.68 (m, 2H), 1.64 (d, 6H). LCMS (Analytical Method E2): R, =2.327 min; m/z=466.2 (M+H)+.
To a solution of ethyl 3-(1-methylethyl)-7-[2,3,5-tris(fluoranyl)phenyl]-1H-indole-2-carboxylate (Example 17.1 (d), 400 mg, 1.11 mmol) in DMF (8 mL) was added NaH (32 mg, 1.33 mmol, 60%) at 0° C. After 10 min at this temperature, Mel (174 mg, 1.22 mmol) was added to the solution and the resulting mixture was further stirred for 2 h at rt. Upon completion of the reaction, the reaction mixture was quenched with H2O and extracted with EtOAc (3×). The organic layers were combined, dried over anhydrous Na2SO4, filtered, and concentrated under vacuum. The residue was purified by Prep-TLC (EtOAc:PE=1:1) to afford ethyl 3-isopropyl-1-methyl-7-(2,3,5-trifluorophenyl)-1H-indole-2-carboxylate.
To a solution of ethyl 1-methyl-3-(1-methylethyl)-7-[2,3,5-tris(fluoranyl)phenyl]indole-2-carboxylate (280 mg, 477 μmol) in MeOH (2 mL) was added THF (2 mL) and LiOH (34 mg, 1.43 mmol) in H2O (2 mL). The resulting mixture was stirred overnight at rt. Upon completion of the reaction, the solvents were removed in vacuo and H2O was added, the pH value of the mixture was adjusted to 4 by addition of aq. HCl (1 M). The resulting mixture was extracted with EtOAc. The organic layers were combined (3×), dried over anhydrous Na2SO4, filtered, and concentrated under vacuum to afford 1-methyl-3-(1-methylethyl)-7-[2,3,5-tris(fluoranyl)phenyl]indole-2-carboxylic acid.
To a solution of 1-methyl-3-(1-methylethyl)-7-[2,3,5-tris(fluoranyl)phenyl]indole-2-carboxylic acid (80 mg, 230 μmol) in DMF (2 mL), was added 2,3-dihydro-1,4-benzoxazin-4-amine (52 mg, 345 μmol), HATU (96.3 mg, 253 μmol) and DIEA (59.4 mg, 461 μmol). The resulting mixture was stirred at rt for 2 h. Upon completion of the reaction, the mixture was diluted with H2O and extracted with EtOAc (3×). The organic layers were combined, dried over anhydrous Na2SO4, filtered and concentrated under vacuum. The residue was purified by TLC (EtOAc:PE=1:2) to afford N-(2,3-dihydro-4H-benzo[b][1,4]oxazin-4-yl)-3-isopropyl-1-methyl-7-(2,3,5-trifluorophenyl)-1H-indole-2-carboxamide as a yellow oil. The oil was further-purified by Prep-HPLC [Mobile Phase A: H2O (10 mmol/L NH4HCO3+0.1% NH3—H2O), Mobile Phase B: MeOH; Gradient: 73% B to 85% B in 10 min] to afford N-(2,3-dihydro-1,4-benzoxazin-4-yl)-1-methyl-3-(1-methylethyl)-7-[2,3,5-tris(fluoranyl)phenyl]indole-2-carboxamide. 1H-NMR (400 MHz, DMSO-d6): δ [ppm]=10.53 (s, 1H), 7.91 (d, 1H), 7.61-7.78 (m, 1H), 7.23-7.35 (m, 1H), 7.08-7.23 (m, 2H), 6.76-6.82 (m, 4H), 4.36 (t, 2H), 3.65-3.60 (m, 2H), 3.30-3.37 (m, 4H), 1.46 (t, 6H). LCMS (Analytical Method E2): R, =1.35 min; m/z=502 (M+Na)+.
To a solution of methyl 4-chloranyl-1H-pyrrolo[2,3-b]pyridine-5-carboxylate (0.95 g, 4.51 mmol) in 1-butanol (20 mL) were added N-methylmethanamine (1.02 g, 22.6 mmol, 1.31 mL) and DIPEA (5.83 g, 45.1 mmol), then the resulting mixture was stirred at 130° C. for 3 h under nitrogen atmosphere. After cooling down to rt, the mixture was concentrated under reduced pressure and treated with H2O. The mixture was extracted with EtOAc, and the organic extracts were dried over anhydrous Na2SO4. After filtration, the filtrate was concentrated under reduced pressure. The residue was purified by silica gel column chromatography, eluting with PE/EtOAc (1:1) to afford methyl 4-[di(methyl)amino]-1H-pyrrolo[2,3-b] pyridine-5-carboxylate.
To a solution of methyl 4-[di(methyl)amino]-1H-pyrrolo[2,3-b]pyridine-5-carboxylate (1.00 g, 4.56 mmol) in 1,4-dioxane (20 mL) were added 1-bromanyl-2,3,5-tris(fluoranyl)benzene (1.92 g, 9.12 mmol, 1.09 mL), cuprous iodide (86.9 mg, 456 μmol, 15.46 μL), 1,2-diaminocyclohexane (104 mg, 912 μmol) and potassium phosphate tribasic (1.94 g, 9.12 mmol). The resulting mixture was stirred at 110° C. for 16 h under the nitrogen atmosphere. After cooling down to rt, H2O was added and the resulting mixture was extracted with EtOAc. The organic layer was dried over anhydrous Na2SO4. After filtration, the filtrate was concentrated under reduced pressure. The residue was purified by silica gel column chromatography, eluting with PE/EtOAc (49:1) to afford to methyl 4-[di(methyl)amino]-1-[2,3,5-tris(fluoranyl)phenyl]pyrrolo[2,3-b]pyridine-5-carboxylate.
To a solution of methyl 4-[di(methyl)amino]-1-[2,3,5-tris(fluoranyl)phenyl]pyrrolo[2,3-b]pyridine-5-carboxylate (1.74 g, 4.98 mmol) in THF: H2O: MeOH (15 mL, v:v:v=1:1:1) was added LiOH monohydrate (627 mg, 14.9 mmol, 415 μL).The mixture was stirred at 60° C. for 16 h. After cooling down to rt, the solvent were evaporated under reduced pressure. H2O was added, and the resulting mixture was extracted with EtOAc. The aq. layer was adjusted to pH=5 by addition of aq. HCl (1 M), and then extracted with EtOAc (3×). The combined organic layers were dried over anhydrous Na2SO4. After filtration, the filtrate was concentrated under reduced pressure to afford 4-[di(methyl)amino]-1-[2,3,5-tris(fluoranyl)phenyl]pyrrolo[2,3-b]pyridine-5-carboxylic acid.
To a solution of 4-[di(methyl)amino]-1-[2,3,5-tris(fluoranyl)phenyl]pyrrolo[2,3-b] pyridine-5-carboxylic acid (250 mg, 745.65 μmol) in DMF (5 mL) was added HATU (340 mg, 894 μmol), DIPEA (482 mg, 3.73 mmol, 649 μL) and 2,3-dihydro-1,4-benzoxazin-4-amine (168 mg, 1.12 mmol). Then the resulting mixture was stirred at 70° C. for 16 h. After cooling down to rt, H2O was added and the resulting mixture was extracted with EtOAc (3×). The combined organic layers were washed with H2O, brine, dried over anhydrous Na2SO4 and then concentrated under reduced pressure. The residue was purified by prep-HPLC: [Column: XSelect CSH Fluoro Phenyl, 30*150 mm, 5 m; Mobile Phase A: H2O (0.1% FA), Mobile Phase B: CH3CN; Flow rate: 60 mL/min; Gradient: 26% B to 56% B in 7 min] to afford N-(2,3-dihydro-1,4-benzoxazin-4-yl)-4-[di(methyl)amino]-1-[2,3,5-tris(fluoranyl)phenyl]pyrrolo[2,3-b]pyridine-5-carboxamide. 1H-NMR (400 MHz, DMSO-d6): δ [ppm]=10.38 (s, 1H), 8.17 (s, 1H), 7.77-7.70 (m, 1H), 7.69-7.53 (m, 2H), 7.04 (s, 1H), 6.89 (d, J=8.8 Hz, 1H), 6.81-6.65 (m, 3H), 4.35 (t, J=5.6 Hz, 2H), 3.64 (t, J=5.6 Hz, 2H), 3.20 (s, 6H). LCMS (Analytical Method E1): Rt=1.333 min; LCMS m/z=468 (M+H)+.
To a solution of methyl 3-bromanyl-2-oxidanyl-benzoate (5.00 g, 21.6 mmol) in acetone (50 mL), was added ethyl 2-bromanylacetate (3.61 g, 21.6 mmol) and K2CO3 (8.97 g, 64.9 mmol). The reaction mixture was stirred overnight at 60° C. under nitrogen atmosphere. After cooling down to rt, the resulting mixture was filtered and concentrated under vacuum. The residue was purified by silica gel column chromatography (EtOAc:PE=0-20%) to afford methyl 7-bromanylbenzofuran-2-carboxylate.
To a solution of methyl 3-bromanyl-2-(2-ethoxy-2-oxidanylidene-ethoxy) benzoate (7.00 g, 22.1 mmol) in MeOH (50 mL) was added sodium methanolate (2.38 g, 44.1 mmol) at rt. The reaction mixture was stirred overnight at rt under nitrogen atmosphere. After completion of the reaction, the reaction mixture was diluted with EtOAc, filtered, and then concentrated under reduced pressure. The residue was purified by silica gel column chromatography (EtOAc:PE=0-20%) to afford to methyl 7-bromanyl-3-oxidanyl-benzofuran-2-carboxylate.
To a solution of methyl 7-bromanyl-3-oxidanyl-benzofuran-2-carboxylate (6.00 g, 22.1 mmol) in toluene (70 mL) was added [2,3,5-tris(fluoranyl)phenyl] boronic acid (7.79 g, 44.2 mmol), K2CO3 (44.3 g, 44.3 mmol), X-Phos (1.06 g, 2.21 mmol) and XPhos Pd G3 (1.87 g, 2.21 mmol). The resulting mixture was stirred overnight at 100° C. under nitrogen atmosphere. After cooling down to rt, the mixture was treated with H2O and extracted with EtOAc (3×). The combined organic layers were dried over anhydrous Na2SO4. After filtration, the filtrate was concentrated under reduced pressure. The residue was purified by silica gel column chromatography (EtOAc:PE=0-20%) to given methyl 3-oxidanyl-7-[2,3,5-tris(fluoranyl)phenyl]benzofuran-2-carboxylate.
To a solution of methyl 3-oxidanyl-7-[2,3,5-tris(fluoranyl)phenyl]benzofuran-2-carboxylate (382 mg, 1.19 mmol) in CH2Cl2 (8 mL), was added NEt3 (240 mg, 2.37 mmol) and Tf2O (334 mg, 1.19 mmol) at 0° C. The resulting mixture was stirred overnight, where it was allowed to warm from 0° C. to rt. Then, the mixture was filtered and concentrated. The residue was purified by silica gel column chromatography (PE:EtOAc=0-20%) to afford methyl 3-[tris(fluoranyl)methylsulfonyloxy]-7-[2,3,5-tris(fluoranyl)phenyl] benzofuran-2-carboxylate.
To a solution of methyl 3-[tris(fluoranyl)methylsulfonyloxy]-7-[2,3,5-tris(fluoranyl)-phenyl]benzofuran-2-carboxylate (482 mg, 1.06 mmol) in THF (5 mL), was added 4,4,5,5-tetra(methyl)-2-(1-methylvinyl)-1,3,2-dioxaborolane (214 mg, 1.27 mmol), Pd(dtbpf)Cl2 (38.82 mg, 59.56 μmol) and K3PO4 (450 mg, 2.12 mmol) in H2O (1.25 mL). The resulting mixture was stirred overnight at 90° C. under nitrogen atmosphere. After cooling down to rt, the resulting mixture was treated with H2O and extracted with EtOAc (3×). The organic layers were combined, dried over anhydrous Na2SO4, filtered and concentrated under vacuum to afford methyl 3-(1-methylvinyl)-7-[2,3,5-tris(fluoranyl)phenyl]benzofuran-2-carboxylate.
To a solution of methyl 3-(1-methylvinyl)-7-[2,3,5-tris(fluoranyl)phenyl]benzofuran-2-carboxylate (247 mg, 713 μmol) in EtOAc (5 mL), was added Pd/C (33 mg, 310 μmol). To the above hydrogen gas (1-2 atm) was introduced. The resulting mixture was stirred overnight at rt. The mixture was filtered and concentrated under vacuum. The residue was purified by silica gel column chromatography (PE:EtOAc=0-20%) to afford methyl 3-(1-methylethyl)-7-[2,3,5-tris(fluoranyl)phenyl] benzofuran-2-carboxylate.
To a solution of methyl 3-(1-methylethyl)-7-[2,3,5-tris(fluoranyl)phenyl]benzofuran-2-carboxylate (150 mg, 431 μmol) in THF (1.5 mL), was added MeOH (1.5 mL) and LiOH (51.6 mg, 2.15 mmol) in H2O (1.5 mL). The resulting mixture was stirred for 2 h at rt. Upon completion of the reaction, the solvents were removed in vacuo and the pH value was adjusted to 4 by addition of aq. HCl (1 M). The resulting mixture was extracted with EtOAc (3×). The organic layers were combined, dried over anhydrous Na2SO4, filtered and concentrated under vacuum to afford 3-(1-methylethyl)-7-[2,3,5-tris(fluoranyl)phenyl] benzofuran-2-carboxylic acid. The product was used in the next step without further purification.
To a solution of 3-(1-methylethyl)-7-[2,3,5-tris(fluoranyl)phenyl]benzofuran-2-carboxylic acid (370 mg) in DMF (5 mL), was added 2,3-dihydro-1,4-benzoxazin-4-amine (249 mg, 1.66 mmol), DIPEA (286 mg, 2.21 mmol) and HATU (631 mg, 1.66 μmol). The resulting mixture was stirred at rt overnight. After this time, the reaction mixture was diluted with H2O and extracted with EtOAc (3×). The organic layers were combined, dried over anhydrous Na2SO4, filtered and concentrated under vacuum. The residue was purified by prep-TLC (EtOAc:PE=1:10) to afford as a yellow oil. The oil was further purified by Prep-HPLC (Mobile Phase A: H2O (10 mmol/L NH4HCO3+0.1% NH3—H2O), Mobile Phase B: CH3CN; Gradient: 60% B to 78% B in 10 min) to afford N-(2,3-dihydro-1,4-benzoxazin-4-yl)-3-(1-methylethyl)-7-[2,3,5-tris(fluoranyl)phenyl]benzofuran-2-carbox-amide. 1H-NMR (400 MHz, DMSO-d6): δ [ppm]=10.54 (s, 1H), 8.09 (d, 1H), 7.71-7.68 (m, 1H), 7.61 (d, 1H), 7.53-7.46 (m, 2H), 6.77-6.69 (m, 4H), 4.36-4.34 (m, 2H), 4.12-4.08 (m, 1H), 3.62-3.60 (m, 2H), 1.42 (d, 6H). LCMS (Analytical Method E1): R&=2.065 min; m/z=467 (M+H)+.
The compounds of formula (I) of the present invention are useful for the treatment and/or control, in particular helminths, in which the endoparasitic nematodes and trematodes may be the cause of serious diseases of mammals and poultry. Typical nematodes of this indication are: Filariidae, Setariidae, Haemonchus, Trichostrongylus, Ostertagia, Nematodirus, Cooperia, Ascaris, Bunostonum, Oesophagostonum, Charbertia, Trichuris, Strongylus, Trichonema, Dictyocaulus, Capillaria, Heterakis, Toxocara, Ascaridia, Oxyuris, Ancylostoma, Uncinaria, Toxascaris and Parascaris. The trematodes include, in particular, the family of Fasciolideae, especially Fasciola hepatica.
Certain parasites of the species Nematodirus, Cooperia and Oesophagostonum infest the intestinal tract of the host animal, while others of the species Haemonchus and Ostertagia are parasitic in the stomach and those of the species Dictyocaulus are parasitic in the lung tissue. Parasites of the families and may be found in the internal cell tissue and in the organs, e.g. the heart, the blood vessels, the lymph vessels and the subcutaneous tissue. A particularly notable parasite is the heartworm of the dog, Dirofilaria iminitis. The parasites which may be treated and/or controlled by the compounds of formula (I) also include those from the class of Cestoda (tapeworms), e.g. the families Mesocestoidae, especially of the genus Mesocestoides, in particular M. lineatus; Dipylidiidae, especially Dipylidium caninum, Joyeuxiella spp., in particular Joyeuxiella pasquali, and Diplopylidium spp., and Taeniidae, especially Taenia pisformis, Taenia cervi, Taenia ovis, Taeneia hydatigena, Taenia multiceps, Taenia taeniaeformis, Taenia serialis, and Echinococcus spp., most particularly Taneia hydatigena, Taenia ovis, Taenia multiceps, Taenia serialis; Echinococcus granulosus and Echinococcus multilocularis.
Furthermore, the compounds of formula (I) are suitable for the treatment and/or control of human pathogenic parasites. Of these, typical representatives that appear in the digestive tract are those of the genus Ancylostoma, Necator, Ascaris, Strongyloides, Trichinella, Capillaria, Trichuris and Enterobius. The compounds of the present invention are also against parasites of the genus Wuchereria, Brugia, Onchocerca and Loa from the family of Dracunculus and parasites of the genus Strongyloides and Trichinella, which infect the gastrointestinal tract in particular.
A particular parasite to be treated and/or and controlled by the compounds of the invention is the heartworm (Dirofilaria immitis). Particular subjects for such treatment are dogs and cats.
The compounds of the invention can be administered alone or in the form of a composition. In practice, the compounds of the invention are usually administered in the form of compositions, that is, in admixture with at least one acceptable excipient. The proportion and nature of any acceptable excipient(s) are determined by the properties of the selected compound of the invention, the chosen route of administration, and standard practice as in the veterinary and pharmaceutical fields.
In one embodiment, the present invention provides compositions comprising: a compound of invention and at least one acceptable excipient.
In effecting such treatment and/or control, a compound of the invention can be administered in any form and route which makes the compound bioavailable. The compounds of the invention can be administered by a variety of routes, including orally, in particularly by tablets and capsules. The compounds of the invention can be administered parenteral routes, more particularly by inhalation, subcutaneously, intramuscularly, intravenously, intraarterially, transdermally, intranasally, rectally, vaginally, occularly, topically, sublingually, and buccally, intraperitoneally, intraadiposally, intrathecally and via local delivery for example by catheter or stent.
One skilled in the art can readily select the proper form and route of administration depending upon the particular characteristics of the compound selected, the disorder or condition to be treated, the stage of the disorder or condition, and other relevant circumstances. The pharmaceutical compositions of the invention may be administered to the subject, for example, in the form of tablets, capsules, cachets, papers, lozenges, wafers, elixirs, ointments, transdermal patches, aerosols, inhalants, suppositories, drenches, solutions, and suspensions.
The term “acceptable excipient” refers to those typically used in preparing veterinary and pharmaceutical compositions and should be pure and non-toxic in the amounts used. They generally are a solid, semi-solid, or liquid material which in the aggregate can serve as a vehicle or medium for the active ingredient. Some examples of acceptable excipients are found in Remington's Pharmaceutical Sciences and the Handbook of Pharmaceutical Excipients and include diluents, vehicles, carriers, ointment bases, binders, disintegrates, lubricants, glidants, sweetening agents, flavoring agents, gel bases, sustained release matrices, stabilizing agents, preservatives, solvents, suspending agents, buffers, emulsifiers, dyes, propellants, coating agents, and others.
In one embodiment, the composition is adapted for oral administration, such as a tablet or a capsule or a liquid formulation, for example, a solution or suspension, adapted for oral administration. In one embodiment, the composition is adapted for oral administration, such as chewable formulation, adapted for oral administration. In still another embodiment, the composition is a liquid or semi-solid formulation, for example, a solution or suspension or a paste, adapted for parenteral administration.
Particular compositions for usage on subjects in the treatment and/or control of nematodes/helminths comprise solutions; emulsions including classical emulsions, microemulsions and self-emulsifying compositions, that are waterless organic, preferably oily, compositions which form emulsions, together with body fluids, upon addition to the subject's body; suspensions (drenches); pour-on formulations; food additives; powders; tablets including effervescent tablets; boli; capsules including micro-capsules; and chewable treats. Particularly composition forms are tablets, capsules, food additives or chewable treats.
The compositions of the present invention are prepared in a manner well known in the veterinary and pharmaceutical art and include at least one of the compounds of the invention as the active ingredient. The amount of a compound of the present invention may be varied depending upon its particular form and may conveniently be between 1% to about 50% of the weight of the unit dose form. The present pharmaceutical compositions are preferably formulated in a unit dose form, each dose typically containing from about 0.5 mg to about 100 mg of a compounds of the invention. One or more unit dose form(s) may be taken to affect the treatment dosage.
In one embodiment, the present invention also provides a method for treating parasites, comprising: administering to a subject in need thereof an effective amount of a compound of formula (I) or a salt thereof, the method optionally further comprising an effective amount of at least one additional active compound.
In one embodiment, the present invention also provides a method for controlling parasites, comprising: administering to a subject in need thereof an effective amount of a compound of formula (I) or a salt thereof, the method optionally further comprising an effective amount of at least one additional active compound.
In one embodiment, the present invention also provides a method for treating or controlling parasites, comprising: contacting a subject's environment with an effective amount of a compound of formula (I) or a salt thereof, the method optionally further comprising an effective amount of at least one additional active compound.
Thus, the invention provides for the use of the compounds of the invention as a medicament, including for the manufacture of a medicament. In one embodiment, the invention provides the manufacture of a medicament comprising a compound of formula (I) or a salt thereof for treating parasites. In one embodiment, the invention provides the manufacture of a medicament comprising a compound of the invention or a salt thereof for controlling parasites.
The terms “treating”, “to treat”, “treated”, or “treatment”, include without limitation restraining, slowing, stopping, reducing, ameliorating, reversing the progression or severity of an existing symptom, or preventing a disorder, condition, or disease. For example, an adult heartworm infection would be treated by administering a compound of the invention. A treatment may be applied or administered therapeutically.
The terms “control”, “controlling” or “controlled” refers to include without limitation decreasing, reducing, or ameliorating the risk of a symptom, disorder, condition, or disease, and protecting an animal from a symptom, disorder, condition, or disease. Controlling may refer to therapeutic, prophylactic, or preventative administration. It is well understood that a larvae or immature heartworm infection may be asymptomatic and infection by mature parasites is symptomatic and/or debilitating. Therefore, for example, a heartworm infection would be controlled by acting on the larvae or immature parasite preventing the infection from progressing to an infection by mature parasites.
Thus, the use of the compounds of the invention in the treatment and/or control of parasites, in particular helminths, in which the endoparasitic nematodes and trematodes refers to the use of the compounds of the invention to act on the various forms of the parasites throughout its life cycle, independent of whether a subject is manifesting a symptom, including morbidity or mortality, and independently of the phase(s) of the parasitic challenge.
As used herein, “administering to a subject” includes but is not limited to cutaneous, subcutaneous, intramuscular, mucosal, submucosal, transdermal, oral or intranasal administration. Administration could include injection or topical administration.
The terms “subject” and “patient” refers includes humans and non-human mammalian animals, such as dogs, cats, mice, rats, guinea pigs, rabbits, ferrets, cows, horses, sheep, goats, and pigs. It is understood that a more particular subject is a human. Also, a more particular subject are mammalian pets or companion animals, such as dogs and cats and also mice, guinea pigs, ferrets, and rabbits.
The term “effective amount” refers to an amount which gives the desired benefit to the subject and includes administration for both treatment and control. The amount will vary from one individual subject to another and will depend upon a number of factors, including the overall physical condition of the subject and the severity of the underlying cause of the condition to be treated, concomitant treatments, and the amount of compound of the invention used to maintain desired response at a beneficial level.
An effective amount can be readily determined by the attending diagnostician, as one skilled in the art, by the use of known techniques and by observing results obtained under analogous circumstances. In determining the effective amount, the dose, a number of factors are considered by the attending diagnostician, including, but not limited to: the species of patient; its size, age, and general health; the specific condition, disorder, infection, or disease involved; the degree of or involvement or the severity of the condition, disorder, or disease, the response of the individual patient; the particular compound administered; the mode of administration; the bioavailability characteristics of the preparation administered; the dose regimen selected; the use of concomitant medication; and other relevant circumstances. An effective amount of the present invention, the treatment dosage, is expected to range from 0.5 mg to 100 mg. Specific amounts can be determined by the skilled person. Although these dosages are based on a subject having a mass of about 1 kg to about 20 kg, the diagnostician will be able to determine the appropriate dose for a subject whose mass falls outside of this weight range. An effective amount of the present invention, the treatment dosage, is expected to range from 0.1 mg/kg to 10 mg/kg of the subject. The dosing regimen is expected to be daily, weekly, or monthly administration.
The compounds of the invention may be combined with one or more other active compounds or therapies for the treatment of one or more disorders, diseases or conditions, including the treatment of parasites, for which it is indicated. The compounds of the invention may be administered simultaneously, sequentially or separately in combination with one or more compounds or therapies for treating parasites and other disorders.
For example, when used to treat parasites, including heartworm, a compound of the invention may be combined with a macrocyclic lactone such as ivermectin, moxidectin, or milbemycin oxime, or with imidacloprid. Particular combinations for treating parasites include a compound of the invention and ivermectin. Another particular combination for treating parasites include a compound of the invention and milbemycin oxime.
Thus, it is understood that the compositions and methods of the present invention optionally include comprising an effective amount of at least one additional active compound.
The activity of compounds as parasiticides may be determined by a variety of methods, including in vitro and in vivo methods.
Examples were tested in selected biological assays one or more times. When tested more than once, data are reported as either average values or as median values, wherein
Examples were synthesized one or more times. When synthesized more than once, data from biological assays represent average values or median values calculated utilizing data sets obtained from testing of one or more synthetic batch.
Animal Parasitic Nematodes In Vitro
The in vitro activity of the compounds of the present invention can be demonstrated in the following assays:
In Vitro Assay 1: C. elegans Slo-1a—Action at a Recombinant C. elegans Cell Line
Generation of a Stable C. elegans CHO Cell Line
A CHO cell line was obtained from ATCC, code ATCC CRL-9096. For transfection with plasmid DNA to express C. elegans Slo-1a (accession number AAL28102) CHO cells were passaged to 40% confluence before adding the transfection solution to the cell culture. The transfection solution included 300 μL OptiMEM (Life Technologies, Nr.: 31985), 2 μL (=6 μg) of plasmid DNA containing the C. elegans Slo-1a gene and 9 μL FugeneHD (Promega, Nr.: E2311), and was added to the cells prior to incubation for 48 hours at 37° C., 5% CO2. The transfection medium was exchanged for the selection medium which contains additional G418 (2 mg/ml, Invitrogen, Nr.: 10131) and the cells were seeded into 384 well plates (300 cells/well). After a few weeks, the remaining surviving cells were tested with a voltage sensitive dye (Membrane Potential Assay Kit, Molecular Devices Nr.: R8034) for K+ channel expression. Positive cell clones were purified by the limited dilution technique. For this the clone with the highest and most robust signal in the voltage sensitive dye assay was further subcloned (incubated) in 384 well plates (0.7 cells/well) to obtain clonal purity. This generated a final stable CHO cell line expressing the C. elegans Slo-1a.
Cell culture conditions Cells were cultured at 37° C. and 5% CO2 in MEMalpha with Gutamax I (Invitrogen, Nr.: 32571), supplemented with 10% (v/v) heat inactivated fetal bovine serum (Invitrogen, Nr.: 10500), G418 (1 mg/ml, Invitrogen, Nr.: 10131). Cells were detached using Accutase (Sigma, Nr.: A6964).
Membrane Potential Measurements
Laboratory compound testing was performed on 384-well microtiter plates (MTPs, Greiner, Nr.: 781092). 8000 cells/well were plated onto 384-well MTPs and cultured for 20 to 24 hours at 37° C. and 5% CO2. After removal of the cell culture medium, the cells were washed once with tyrode (150 mM NaCl, 0.3 mM KCl, 2 mM CaCl2, 1 m M MgCl2, 0.8 mM NaH2PO4, 5 mM Glucose, 28 mM Hepes, pH 7.4) and then loaded with the voltage sensitive dye of the Membrane Potential Assay Kit diluted in tyrode for 1 h at room temperature. After starting the measurement of fluorescence using a FLIPR Tetra (Molecular Devices, Exc. 510-545 nm, Emm. 565-625 nm), test compounds were added followed by the addition of KCl tyrode (final assay concentration: 70 mM KCl, 2 mM CaCl2, 1 mM MgCl2, 0.8 mM NaH2PO4, 5 mM Glucose, 28 mM Hepes, pH 7.4, including the voltage sensitive dye). The measurement was completed after 7 minutes.
Statistics
EC50 values were calculated using a four-parameter plotting by the Scilligence ELN/Regmol Software Tool, Bioassay.
For the following examples, EC50 of <0.1 μM has been found for: 1.1, 2.2, 3.1, 4.1, 4.2, 4.3, 6.1, 6.3, 6.4, 6.5, 6.7, 6.8.
For the following examples, EC50>0.1 μM to <1 μM has been found for: 2.1, 5.1, 6.2, 6.6, 10.1, 11.1, 13.1, 18.1.
For the following examples, EC50>1 μM has been found for: 7.1, 8.1, 9.1, 10.2, 12.1, 14.1, 15.1, 16.1, 17.1, 17.2.
In Vitro Assay 2: D. immitis Slo-1—Action at a Recombinant D. immitis Cell Line
Generation of a Stable D. immitis Slo-1 CHO Cell Line
A CHO cell line was obtained from ATCC, code ATCC CRL-9096. For transfection with plasmid DNA to express D. immitis Slo-1 (based on Protein sequence JQ730003, codon optimized for hamster) CHO cells were passaged to 40% confluence before adding the transfection solution to the cell culture. The transfection solution included 300 μL OptiMEM (Life Technologies, Nr.: 31985), 2 μL (=6 μg) of plasmid DNA containing the D. immitis Slo-1 gene and 9 RL FugeneHD (Promega, Nr.: E2311), and was added to the cells prior to incubation for 48 hours at 37° C., 5% CO2. The transfection medium was exchanged for the selection medium which contains additional G418 (2 mg/ml, Invitrogen, Nr.: 10131) and the cells were seeded into 384 well plates (300 cells/well). After a few weeks, the remaining surviving cells were tested with a voltage sensitive dye (Membrane Potential Assay Kit, Molecular Devices Nr.: R8034) for K+ channel expression. Positive cell clones were purified by the limited dilution technique. For this the clone with the highest and most robust signal in the voltage sensitive dye assay was further subcloned (incubated) in 384 well plates (0.7 cells/well) to obtain clonal purity. This generated a final stable CHO cell line expressing the D. immitis Slo-1.
Cell Culture Conditions
Cells were cultured at 37° C. and 5% CO2 in MEMalpha with Gutamax I (Invitrogen, Nr.: 32571), supplemented with 10% (v/v) heat inactivated fetal bovine serum (Invitrogen, Nr.: 10500), G418 (1 mg/ml, Invitrogen, Nr.: 10131). Cells were detached using Accutase (Sigma, Nr.: A6964).
Membrane Potential Measurements
Laboratory compound testing was performed on 384-well microtiter plates (MTPs, Greiner, Nr.: 781092). 8000 cells/well were plated onto 384-well MTPs and cultured for 20 to 24 hours at 37° C. and 5% CO2. After removal of the cell culture medium, the cells were washed once with tyrode (150 mM NaCl, 0.3 mM KCl, 2 mM CaCl2, 1 mM MgCl2, 0.8 mM NaH2PO4, 5 mM Glucose, 28 mM Hepes, pH 7.4) and then loaded with the voltage sensitive dye of the Membrane Potential Assay Kit diluted in tyrode for 1 h at room temperature. After starting the measurement of fluorescence using a FLIPR Tetra (Molecular Devices, Exc. 510-545 nm, Emm. 565-625 nm), test compounds were added followed by the addition of KCl tyrode (final assay concentration: 70 mM KCl, 2 mM CaCl2, 1 mM MgCl2, 0.8 mM NaH2PO4, 5 mM Glucose, 28 mM Hepes, pH 7.4, including the voltage sensitive dye). The measurement was completed after 7 minutes.
Statistics
EC50 values were calculated using a four-parameter plotting by the Scilligence ELN/Regmol Software Tool, Bioassay.
For the following examples, EC50 of <0.1 μM has been found for: 6.1, 6.3, 6.5, 6.7.
For the following examples, EC50>0.1 μM to <1 μM has been found for: 2.1, 2.2, 3.1, 4.3, 6.4, 6.8.
For the following examples, EC50>1 μM has been found for: 1.1, 4.1, 4.2, 5.1, 6.2, 6.6, 7.1, 8.1, 9.1, 10.1, 10.2, 11.1, 12.1, 13.1, 14.1, 15.1, 16.1, 17.1, 17.2, 18.1.
In Vitro Assay 3: Dirofilaria immitis Microfilariae (DIROIM L1)
≥250 Dirofilaria immitis microfilariae, which were freshly purified from blood, were added to wells of a microtitre plate containing a nutrient medium and the test compound in DMSO. Compounds were tested in concentration-response assay in duplicate. Larvae exposed to DMSO and no test compounds were used as negative controls. Larvae were evaluated after 72 h of incubation with the compound. Efficacy was determined as the reduction of motility in comparison to the negative control. Based on the evaluation of a wide concentration range, concentration-response curves as well as EC50-values were calculated.
For the following examples, EC50 of <0.1 ppm has been found for: 1.1, 2.2, 3.1, 4.2, 4.3, 5.1, 6.1, 6.2, 6.3, 6.4, 6.5, 6.6, 6.7, 6.8, 9.1, 14.1, 17.1.
For the following examples, EC50>0.1 ppm to <1 ppm has been found for: 2.1, 4.1, 7.1, 8.1, 10.1, 10.2, 11.1, 12.1, 13.1, 15.1.
For the following examples, EC50>1 ppm has been found for: 16.1.
In Vitro Assay 4: Dirofilaria immitis (DIROIM L4)
10 Dirofilaria immitis third-stage larvae, which were freshly isolated from their vector (intermediate host), were added to wells of a microtitre plate containing a nutrient medium and the test compound in DMSO. Compounds were tested in concentration-response assay in duplicate. Larvae exposed to DMSO and no test compounds were used as negative controls. Larvae were evaluated after 72 h of incubation with the compound. Within these 72 h of incubation the majority of larvae in negative control moult to fourth-stage larvae. Efficacy was determined as the reduction of motility in comparison to the negative control. Based on the evaluation of a wide concentration range, concentration-response curves as well as EC50-values were calculated.
For the following examples, EC50 of <0.1 ppm has been found for: 1.1, 2.2, 3.1, 4.1, 4.2, 4.3, 6.1, 6.3, 6.4, 6.5, 6.7, 6.8, 10.1, 11.1, 12.1, 18.1, 19.1.
For the following examples, EC50>0.1 ppm to <1 ppm has been found for: 2.1, 5.1, 6.2, 6.6, 7.1, 8.1, 9.1, 13.1.
For the following examples, EC50>1 ppm has been found for: 10.2, 14.1, 15.1, 16.1, 17.1, 17.2.
In Vitro Assay 5: Nippostrongylus Brasiliensis (NIPOBR)
Adult Nippostrongylus brasiliensis were washed with saline buffer containing 100 U/ml penicillin, 0.1 mg/ml streptomycin and 2.5 μg/ml amphotericin B. Test compounds were dissolved in DMSO and worms were incubated in medium in a final concentration of 10 μg/ml (10 ppm), 1 μg/ml (1 ppm) and 0.1 μg/ml (0.1 ppm) respectively. An aliquot of the medium was used to determine the acetylcholine esterase activity in comparison to a negative control. The principle of measuring acetylcholine esterase as readout for anthelmintic activity was described in Rapson et al (1986) and Rapson et al (1987).
Based on the evaluation of a wide concentration range, concentration-response curves as well as EC50-values were calculated.
For the following examples, EC50 of <0.1 ppm has been found for: 6.1, 6.3, 6,7.
For the following examples, EC50>0.1 ppm to <1 ppm has been found for: 1.1, 2.2, 4.2, 4.3, 6.4, 6.5, 19.1.
For the following examples, EC50>1 ppm has been found for: 2.1, 3.1, 4.1, 5.1, 6.2, 6.6, 6.8, 7.1, 8.1, 9.1, 10.1, 10.2, 11.1, 12.1, 13.1, 14.1, 15.1, 16.1, 17.1, 17.2, 18.1.
Animal Parasitic Nematodes In Vivo
Haemonchus contortus I Trichostrongylus colubriformis in Gerbil
Gerbils, experimentally infected with Haemonchus and/or Trichostrongylus, were treated once during late prepatency. Test compounds were formulated as solutions or suspensions and applied orally or intraperitoneally. For both applications the same service formulation was used. The volume of the application amounted to normally 20 ml/kg at a maximum. By way of example, a gerbil with 40 g body weight was treated with 0.200 mL of the formulation of formulation example Fl. This corresponded to a treatment with 20 mg/kg body weight.
Efficacy was determined per group as reduction of worm count in stomach and small intestine, respectively, after necropsy compared to worm count in an infected and placebo-treated control group.
The following examples were tested and had an activity of >60% or higher at the given treatment: 6.1 and 18.1
Exemplary formulations consisted of the active substance in 10% Transcutol, 10% Cremophor EL and 80% isotonic saline solution. First the active substance was dissolved in Transcutol. After solution in Transcutol, Cremophor and isotonic saline solution were added. These formulations were used as service formulations in the following in vivo assay.
An example for a formulation according to the present invention is the following formulation Example Fl. Therein, the active substance was dissolved in Transcutol to form a stock solution A. Then 0.100 mL of this stock solution A were taken and 0.100 mL Cremophor EL and 0.800 mL isotonic saline solution were added. The resulting liquid formulation (formulation example Fl) had a volume of 1 mL.
| Filing Document | Filing Date | Country | Kind |
|---|---|---|---|
| PCT/EP2021/081991 | 11/17/2021 | WO |
| Number | Date | Country | |
|---|---|---|---|
| 63115478 | Nov 2020 | US | |
| 63121501 | Dec 2020 | US | |
| 63123268 | Dec 2020 | US |
