Patent Grant
8935046
This application claims the priority benefit of German Patent Application No. 10 2008 005 210.8 filed on Jan. 18, 2008, and German Patent Application No. 10 2008 025 053.8 filed on May 26, 2008, the contents of which are hereby incorporated by reference as if fully set forth herein in their entirety.
Not applicable.
The invention relates to a device for ascertaining and displaying a route course, in particular a navigation device, as well as a method for operating such a device.
When using navigation devices, it is typical to display roadmap information from road network databases and route course information or route information ascertained by the device with more or less detail depending on the route situation. In the framework of the routing the most clear and realistic representation in regard to the route situation lying before him and to be traveled is to be offered to the user of the navigation system by the device.
The user must turn his attention to both the real traffic situation and also the representation on the navigation device. If the representation deviates too strongly from the real situation, the user must turn a significant part of his attention to the interpretation of the information presented by the navigation device. However, this represents a safety problem in particular in the event of imminent difficult vehicle maneuvers, which require the full attention of the user, because the driver must continuously compare the current surroundings to the representation on the navigation device and must simultaneously keep his eyes on the traffic. The danger of accident therefore rises disproportionately in particular in the event of complex route course changes.
To improve the overview at complex transitions of roads, U.S. Pat. No. 6,999,075 B2 describes the concept and the function of a three-dimensional display in connection with a navigation device for a representation of greatly varying roadway conditions that is as realistic as possible using a corresponding display device. The device shown here comprises an information processing unit, which generates map information including information about a roadway to a destination and route information. In the display the device takes into consideration uphill roadway components and downhill or straight-ahead roadway components. In addition, this patent specification describes a plurality of possible roadway constellations which may be visualized for the user.
However, the recognition value for the user of the navigation system in regard to the actual route conditions, so that he may assign the information displayed by the navigation device clearly to the actual route conditions, is classified as low and entirely worthy of improvement, if actual practical relief of the user is to be achieved. These are more or less only schematic representations which are exclusively restricted to the visualization of the roadway network and the route to be traveled and differing elevations of the roadways.
Proceeding from this prior art, a need exists for a device that ascertains and displays a route course, as well as, a suitable operating method for such a device, the display of the device being configured to ensure the highest possible recognition value in regard to the real appearance of a complex route course for the user.
One embodiment of the present invention provides an automatic and especially simple and intuitive recognizability of the representation of complex intersection situations and turnoff situations for the user on the display screen of a navigation device. A high degree of the correspondence between the view offered to the user before a complex intersection, for example, and the representation of the corresponding navigation maneuver on the display screen is to be achieved. In this way, comfort and security in the use of navigation devices are to be decisively improved, in particular beforehand during the routing for complex road transitions.
A device incorporating the present invention is used in a way initially known per se for ascertaining and displaying a route course, included in a road network, for a transportation means and comprises a data processing device, which is also used for ascertaining the route course, and display means, which are also used to visualize the ascertained route course. The device acquires the road network information from a road network data base which is at least temporarily accessible by the device and which the device may comprise or which may be located outside the device and may be accessible using an online access, for example. A download or an occasional data update as needed would also be conceivable, so that road network data are available locally and off-line on the device using online access after a download, for example.
The device is set up in such a way that upon the existence of a direction change required for following the ascertained route course, which is characterized by a transition of the route course from a first road onto a second road and by leaving the first road, in particular based on a road intersection or based on a road turnoff, a change occurs between at least a first and a second operating mode, one of the at least two operating modes being used for dynamic and perspective visualization of the transition by superimposing at least two visualization layers.
At all transitions (e.g., a freeway exit), it is thus possible to show a view of the transition having very high recognition value for the user in consideration of the surroundings, which ensures a better overview during the imminent maneuver and reduces the risk of accident. The first operating mode represents the typical representation of the route course in the road network (e.g., a 2-D display). The independent and dynamic change from the first to the second operating mode as a function of an imminent transition results in relief of the user whenever he must turn his full attention to the imminent maneuver. After executing the maneuver by passing the transition, an automatic change from the second (e.g., 3-D display) operating mode back into the first operating mode or another operating mode may be performed again.
In the event of multiple complex transitions following one another closely (e.g., turnoffs or exits), an embodiment of the invention provides the ability to identify the relevant transition is increased still further, which represents an additional value to the user by measurably better destination guiding (time and cost saving). The rapid comprehension of the current situation (e.g., an exit situation), for example, by a large-area graphic and/or photorealistic representation of a freeway exit, makes it easier for the user to concentrate on the traffic and helps to avoid accidents or traffic obstructions. Through the realistic implementation of the surroundings on the navigation device incorporating the invention, for example, by high information density and photorealistic representation of all texts which are actually found on the surrounding traffic signs, the user will establish a high recognition value in regard to the real surroundings. In addition, because of the dynamic operating principle, it is not necessary to store static individual image data sets of concrete road transition situations, because the device generates the image information required for the visualization taking into consideration the currently ascertained road transition situation automatically beforehand or on demand and thus does not have to keep it in the memory. Critical storage space is thus saved on mobile devices, which in turn decreases the provision costs for the user, and even less frequently traveled transition situations, for which static predefined individual image data sets are typically not provided, may be visualized with extremely high flexibility and with a high recognition value.
Approaches known from the prior art have the disadvantage, for example, that upon the generation of the image (e.g., of a freeway intersection), static image source material must be used, which is especially and exclusively only kept in the memory for the currently concerned intersection. The generation of such so-called Reality Views or Junction Views for freeway intersections is technically conceivable for any intersection, however, due to the manual acquisition of the intersections to be performed beforehand and the storage of the acquired data, apart from the required effort, a restriction of the coverage is also to be mentioned, because all intersections may not be traveled and stored by the provider of the map material for reasons of cost. The feature Reality View is therefore currently not available especially for freeway exits because of a lack of data and would require an enormous local storage capacity, if one wanted to store these data locally in the device, for example, in addition to the significant quantity of map data already existing.
It is also typical to ascertain information about the lane situation (Lane Info) prevailing at a transition situation and to display it during the navigation on the display means.
To increase the recognition value for the user of the device, the device is preferably set up in such a way that information ascertainable from the road network data base and being relevant for the route course, in particular information in regard to the real signage on the road edge, is taken into consideration in the visualization. In addition, in particular for the visualization of traffic signs, information may be ascertained and taken into account in consideration of the country in which the device is operated, this information preferably being displayable mirror-reversed in consideration of left-hand traffic or right-hand traffic, whichever is typical in this country. A higher recognition value for the user of the device may also be achieved in that information relevant in regard to the ascertained route course (e.g., location name/symbols) may be marked on traffic signs shown on the display means.
The change between the operating modes may also be implemented in accordance with a least one operating mode control parameter and/or one operating mode policy, both of which may be based, for example, on information relevant for the transition from a road network data base. As a concrete example, an instruction in the form of a sign shortly before a route-relevant exit could be cited, by which the activation according to one embodiment of the invention of the corresponding operating mode for perspective and dynamic visualization of the imminent transition could be triggered, an immediate deactivation of the perspective visualization occurring as soon as the transition has been passed by the user of the device using the transportation means.
A visualization layer preferably comprises at least one image data set, by which the preparation of a visualization layer would be able to be implemented flexibly and dynamically using the various image materials, which further increases the modularity of the concept according to another embodiment of the invention.
The superposition of visualization layers and/or image data sets may be implemented according to a least one superposition control parameter and/or one superposition policy, so that it can then be established which visualization layers or image data sets are to be superimposed in which way. This increases the flexibility during the generation of a visualization which is as realistic and dynamic as possible using the device.
Several measures are listed hereafter, using which the recognition value of the visualized image may be additionally increased. This may preferably be achieved, for example, in that a visualization layer or an image data set having at least one photographic or videographic picture of the real transition is also provided for the superposition, or that also a visualization layer or an image data set having at least one three-dimensionally and/or photorealistically rendered picture of the real road transition is provided, or that also a visualization layer or an image data set is provided for the representation of at least one graphic curve and/or at least one continuous arrow to symbolize the ascertained route course, or that also a visualization layer or an image data set having a movable or changeable graphic element is provided, the graphic element symbolizing the current location of the device, or that also a visualization layer or an image data set having further graphic elements is provided, in particular having traffic signs, bridges, underpasses, points of interest, icons, tunnels, building silhouettes, or landscape features, based on the real surroundings of the road transition.
In regard to the memory management, it is advantageous if the contents of the visualization layers or the image data sets are stored at least partially independently of the finished perspective representation generated using superposition and are retrievable modularly.
Furthermore, the invention can be embodied in a method for operating a device for ascertaining and displaying a route course, comprised by a road network, for a transportation means. The device is particularly a navigation device, as already described in detail above.
The method according to the invention comprises the following method steps, the selected sequence not having to correspond to the sequence of the actual implementation or execution during the operation.
In the context of the method, the representation of the current movement direction of the transportation means within the road network is performed on the display means in the context of a first operating mode. The display means is continuously and automatically updated by the device in this regard and as a function of the current position.
Furthermore, in the context of the method, the ascertainment and/or representation of a required direction change are performed, which is necessary to follow the ascertained route course using the transportation means and which is caused by a transition from a first road of the road network onto a second road of the road network. This transition and/or direction change is understood as a change of the current road traveled using the transportation means to be performed actively by the user of the device, which is necessary to follow the ascertained route course to the destination. Such a change may also, for example, be characterized by an exit, in particular a freeway exit possibly accompanied by a lane change, or also by the required turn at an intersection or by a road transition at an imminent turnoff.
In the context of the operation according to an embodiment of the invention, an automatic change occurs between two operating modes for dynamic visualization of the transition on the display means. Dynamic visualization is understood with respect to the invention to mean that the device automatically generates and/or automatically superimposes the visualization layers necessary for visualizing the transition situation. The image information is thus not kept statically, using a memory, for example, for all conceivable transitions, but rather is provided in a route-specific manner by the device. However, this does not mean that the data for visualizing the transition situation must be provided precisely at the moment when the transition situation is directly imminent. The specific visualization layers for this route course may be prepared by the device (i.e., generated and/or superimposed) already during the initial ascertainment of the route course, as soon as the destination is known, or at times, during which the data processing means are not busy, for example, so that they are retrievable more rapidly in the course of the routing.
The advantages resulting therefrom have already been described in the context of the explanation of the device according to the invention, therefore, reference is made to these passages. Nonetheless, it is particularly emphasized once again that critical memory space may be saved using the method incorporating the invention, in particular on mobile devices, and the recognizability of the surroundings may be increased for the user.
To visualize the transition, information in regard to the at least one road network at least sectionally prevailing after the transition is also preferably ascertained and taken into consideration using the road network database. This allows an analysis of the route situation, in particular the curve situation for the following route after the transition, in particular in the event of an exit. Taking this analysis into consideration, the visualization of this exit situation on the display means may also be performed, for example, in the context of the selection or generation of a suitable image data set or a suitable visualization layer. For example, the following roadway situation may also be represented to prepare the driver, for example, in the case of a strong left or right curve, so that the driver may prepare for and/or be forewarned of the imminent maneuver.
Furthermore, elevation data in regard to the road network participating in the transition are preferably also ascertained and taken into consideration using the road network database. The search of the elevation data for a freeway exit, for example, is performed in the map material of the map producer (road network database). It may be derived from the result of this search, for example, which visualization layer(s) must be used for the representation on the display means. For example, if the road following the transition runs over the freeway in the further roadway course, this may be recognized on the basis of the elevation data model of the freeway exit and the relevant roadway sections in the map material of the data producer. In the implementation of such a view, a visualization layer or an image data set having a bridge symbol for the outgoing roadway after the exit may correspondingly be used (roadway runs above the freeway here). If the freeway itself lies higher and the outgoing roadway or the adjoining roadway lies lower, a visualization layer or an image data set having an underpass symbol may be shown. All of these measures increase the recognition value of the real situation in relation to the representation on the device.
It is especially advantageous if, in the context of the visualization, the characteristics of the roads from the road network database participating in the transition are also ascertained and taken into consideration, in particular the number of the lanes, left/right-hand traffic, geometric properties of the lanes, or also overpass situations and/or underpass situations here.
Preferably, further relevant information in regard to the road network participating in the transition is also ascertained and taken into consideration using the road network database accessible for the device, in particular information in regard to the real signage of the roads, the representation of signs being performed in particular taking into consideration the country in which the device is operated. Whenever possible, this information from the map material, which is provided in any case, is to be used and/or analyzed for the visualization to make the visualization realistic.
The current local time of day prevailing at the operating location of the device is especially preferably also ascertained and taken into consideration to consider day or night in the perspective visualization. Thus, for example, a day/night view of the transition to be visualized may be implemented.
Furthermore, it is advantageous, for a visualization which conforms to reality as much as possible, that the characteristics of the environmental conditions prevailing at the road transition are also ascertained and taken into consideration, in particular the presence of bridges, underpasses, points of interest, icons, tunnels, building silhouettes, or landscape features. All of these measures simplify the processing of the information shown on the display means for the user by comparing the actual environment to the representation on the display means.
The change between the operating modes may also be performed in accordance with at least one operating mode control parameter and/or one operating mode policy. The policy may be based, for example, on a logically linkable command sequence or the like, similar to a programming language, which is taken into consideration by the device when activating the display means (e.g., by interpreters), in that, for example, information relevant for the transition from a road network database is dealt with in the policy and converted into control instructions for the visualization procedure. Traffic signs before an exit are to be cited as a concrete example, which are queried and recognized by the policy in a targeted way as a function of the position, so that subsequently the automatic activation of the perspective visualization may be performed, an immediate deactivation of the perspective visualization occurring again as soon as the exit has been passed.
In addition, an at least partial superposition of a third visualization layer may be performed, which comprises visualization means for identifying the route course along the transition, in particular at least one arrow symbol to symbolize a direction change and/or lane change to be performed using the transportation means.
It is also conceivable that in addition an at least partial superposition of a fourth visualization layer is performed, which is used to represent route-specific and/or location-specific information ascertainable from the road network database or, in addition, an at least partial superposition of further visualization layers is used to represent further information ascertainable from the road network database and/or navigation-relevant information ascertained during operation or beforehand.
Moreover, of course, navigation-relevant information is also additionally overlaid by the display means, so that a perspective overall image of the transition arises, which increases the recognition value of the surroundings for the user.
The visualization layers preferably comprise image data sets or least partial areas of image data sets which may in turn be used to implement the visualization layer. The flexibility in the design of visualization layers is thus increased, because parts of multiple modular image data sets may also be used jointly for implementing a visualization layer.
The superposition of the image data sets is preferably performed in accordance with at least one visualization control parameter and/or one visualization policy, whereby the current transition to be visualized may be dealt with individually, for example, taking into consideration the information which may be output from the road network database, which in turn increases the realism of the situation shown on the display means.
Of course, devices incorporating to the invention may be used in arbitrary countries. It is to be taken into consideration, however, that in some countries, such as the UK and Australia, left-hand traffic is typical. For this purpose, visualization layers accessible for the device are at least partially processed for the least partial representation of the transition in the event of left-hand traffic so that the image information may be displayed on the display means mirror-reversed in regard to the starting image data set and/or the visualization layer provided before the processing. Using this measure, valuable storage space may be saved in turn in particular in mobile devices, because image data material that is provided anyway is used.
Country-specific special features may also be taken into consideration in regard to display parameters of the signage, which are taken into consideration when displaying adaptations of the signs individually by country, such as the color, font characters, symbols used, etc.
To further improve the destination guiding, means are provided for special identification of a location which may be overlaid within a visualization layer. The visualization of the destination location for example on a street sign shown using a visualization layer may additionally be used to particularly emphasize and/or identify the place name on the sign. Thus, for example, it is possible to specially mark the affected location on the exit sign as cursive, bold, semitransparent, in another type or color of font, or using another identification means.
Depending on the complexity of the transition situation to be shown, on the basis of the modular concept, more or less information may be provided flexibly and dynamically by the device for the user on the display means. For example, the following information may be included:
It is to be noted that in the achievement of the object according to one embodiment of the invention, the visualization layers may be superimposed in arbitrary sequence. Thus, the first visualization layer may be superimposed with the third and/or fourth visualization layers or the second visualization layer may be superimposed with the third and/or fourth or with further visualization layers. The fundamental condition, however, is always that at least one visualization layer is provided to represent the route.
The method incorporating to the invention is especially preferably used at freeway exits or forks, because the data supply of graphically prepared so-called Reality View images in the road network databases is not complete in this regard and transitions which are not provided in the data supply may also be covered using an embodiment of the invention on the basis of the dynamization.
Preferred embodiments of the invention are explained in greater detail hereafter on the basis of schematic drawings, which only show exemplary embodiments.
The following figures show on the basis of a concrete example how a device incorporating the invention prepares a visualization of the freeway exit having the number 72 on the freeway A3 in the direction Würzburg/Heidingsfeld. In the real signage on the roadway edge, various pieces of information are located on the signs in a type of list, which inform the driver about the coming exit. This information is, of course, also accessible by the navigation device using the road network database to which the navigation device has access. Based on this information, the lane number is requested, for example, using the Lane Info function (see description above). As a result, a pre-generated base view (two lanes on expressway straight ahead, one lane turns off on the right side) is provided by the device. Such a visualization layer is shown in
In addition, a background image is provided by the device as a further visualization layer matching the real surroundings, see
For lane courses, etc., the device provides symbols using a further visualization layer. For example,
Now, using a fourth visualization layer, further very important information for the user is fused with the three visualization layers provided up to this point, namely an information sign in regard to the possible destinations and roadway numbers. Using the road network database and the current position, the device recognizes the existence of such information and then automatically prepares a rectangle having a blue background and white font, for example, to represent a freeway information sign which is as realistic as possible (typical representation for Germany). Four lines having the texts Rottendorf, Würzburg-Ost, Dettelbach, and Biebelreid, each in a separate line, are generated. In addition, the exit number “72”, which is also introduced into the rectangle by the device, is generated. A further so-called tag (subset of the sign to be shown) inserted by the device in the sign symbolizes the Federal Highway “B8”. The position of the tag and the color of the frame, the font, and the background, as well as the size and position of the tag are taken into consideration by the device. Typically, this information may be read out from the data of the digital map and is filtered out by the device upon access to the map data. If this information is missing in the map material, the device may be implemented in such a way that, for example, using retrievable presets for the design of traffic signs, country-specific information are employed using the device in a preprocessing step or are introduced by the device itself at the runtime and are used for the display. In this example, the tag was also incorporated in the sign which is to be represented using the visualization layer. Furthermore, it would be conceivable (not shown) to mark the desired travel direction and/or the desired destination or the next location lying on the route course on the sign. For example, if the user wishes to drive to Dettelbach, it would be possible for the device to specially mark the line “Dettelbach” using suitable visualization, for example, by framing it or giving it a colored background.
The finished superposition of all four visualization layers is shown in
In summary, some of the method steps provided by the device will be listed once again, which may be used in arbitrary sequence and combination. The list is not to be viewed as exhaustive and method steps may be left out or provided optionally depending on the device version. The preparation of the perspective visualization using the device incorporating the invention may be implemented as follows, for example, the numbering not necessarily specifying the sequence according to which the steps are to be performed:
While there has been shown and described what are at present considered the preferred embodiment of the invention, it will be obvious to those skilled in the art that various changes and modifications can be made therein without departing from the scope of the invention defined by the appended claims. Therefore, various alternatives and embodiments are contemplated as being within the scope of the following claims particularly pointing out and distinctly claiming the subject matter regarded as the invention.
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