Patent Grant
7739716
1. Field of the Invention
The present invention relates to a network AV system, and more specifically, to a network AV system including a server and a client connected to the server through a network.
2. Description of the Related Art
A moving picture reproducing device such as a DVD (Digital Versatile Disc) player is capable of special reproducing such as fast-forward reproducing to reproduce a moving picture while fast-forwarding it, reverse-reproducing to reproduce a moving picture while reversing it. When moving picture data in a DVD is compressed by MPEG2, the moving picture data Vm consists of a plurality of frames as shown in
Recently, network AV systems using a client-server system have been provided. WO 03/102919 discloses a network AV system having a server including a database that stores a plurality of pieces of moving picture data and a client connected to the server through a LAN (Local Area Network). The client requests the server to provide desired moving picture data, and the server distributes the requested moving picture data to the client in response. The client reproduces the moving picture based on the moving picture data distributed from the server. In the network AV system, the moving picture data is all stored in the server, and therefore the client does not have a hard disk for storing moving picture data. The client simply needs a minimum necessary memory for temporarily storing moving picture data distributed from the server. The network AV system of this kind is desirably capable of fast-forward reproducing and reverse-reproducing.
Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2003-111048 discloses a method of allowing the network AV system to carry out special reproducing such as fast-forward reproducing and reverse-reproducing. According to the disclosure of Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2003-111048, the client stores information related to moving picture data (information such as the array positions of the plurality of frames constituting the moving picture data) stored in the server. The client specifies a frame to be reproduced based on the information related to the moving picture data and requests the server to distribute the specified frame. In this case, the client needs a memory to store information related to the moving picture data, and therefore the memory capacity of the client cannot be reduced.
It is an object of the invention to provide a network AV system that allows the memory capacity of a client to be reduced as much as possible and capable of special reproducing such as fast-forward reproducing and reverse-reproducing.
A network AV system according to the invention includes a server and a client capable of connecting to the server. The server includes a moving picture storage device. The moving picture storage device stores moving picture data including a plurality of frames arranged in sequence. The client includes a search requester. The search requester transmits a search request including the frame condition of a frame to be searched for. The server further includes a searcher and a transmitter. The searcher sequentially searches the moving picture storage device for frames in time-series according to the search request. The transmitter transmits the frame found by the searcher. The client further includes a receiver and a reproducer. The receiver sequentially receives the transmitted frames. The reproducer reproduces a moving picture based on the received frames. Herein, the frame includes information such as the picture type, the size, and the array number of the frame. The frame condition is for example related to the picture type to be searched for, the size of the frame, or the array number of the frame.
In the network AV system according to the invention, frames according to a search request transmitted from the client are sequentially searched for in time-series, and the frames found by the search are transmitted to the client. If the frame condition of the search request is “I picture,” the server sequentially searches for frames having I picture as a picture type and transmits the found frames to the client. If the frame condition of the search request transmitted from the client is “frame size not less than n,” the server searches for frames having a size not less than n and transmits the found frames to the client.
In this way, when the client transmits a search request, the server sequentially searches for frames according to the search request in time-series and sequentially transmits the found frames to the client. The client can carry out special reproducing such as fast-forward reproducing and reverse-reproducing simply by reproducing a moving picture based on the sequentially transmitted frames. Therefore, the client does not need a memory for storing information related moving picture data, and needs only a minimum necessary memory for reproducing a moving picture.
Preferably, the search request further includes a search starting position that indicates an array position of a frame that the server starts to search for.
In this case, the client can specify the search starting position to the server.
Preferably, the search request further includes a frame search direction. Herein, the search direction is information to specify in which direction the array of the plurality of frames is to be searched for between the fast-forwarding direction and the reversing direction.
In this case, the client can select between fast-forward reproducing and reverse-reproducing.
Preferably, the search requester transmits a search request including the array position of the already received frame as the search starting position to the server every time the receiver receives the transmitted frame.
In this case, the client transmits a new search request every time the client receives a frame transmitted from the server. At the time, the client sets the received frame as the searching starting position. Consequently, fast-forwarding reproducing and reverse-reproducing can sequentially be carried out.
Preferably, the server further includes a table storage device. The table storage device stores a search table in which the array positions of the plurality of frames correspond to frame information related to the plurality of frames. The searcher searches the moving picture storage device for a frame according to the search request based on the search table. Herein, the frame information includes information related to the kind of the picture type, the size, and the array number of the frame.
In the network AV system, the server includes a search table in which the array positions of a plurality of frames correspond to frame information. The server searches for a frame according to the search request transmitted from the client based on the search table and transmits the frame found by the search to the client. Consequently, the server can raise the search speed. The search table is provided in the server but not in the client, and therefore the client does not need a memory for storing the server table. The client needs only a minimum necessary memory for reproducing a moving picture.
Preferably, the client further includes a reproducing speed selector. The reproducing speed selector selects a reproducing speed of the moving picture. The search requester determines the frame condition to be included in the search request based on the reproducing speed selected by the reproducing speed selector.
A moving picture consists of a plurality of frames arranged in sequence. Therefore, in order to raise the reproducing speed, the search requester sets the frame condition so that the intervals between the array positions of the frames to be sequentially obtained are large. For example, for normal fast-forward reproducing, all the I picture data is obtained, and for fast-forward reproducing at a speed twice as fast as the normal fast-forward reproducing, only the I picture data the 2N-th (N: natural number) from the search starting position is set as the frame condition. Conversely, in order to slow down the reproducing speed, the intervals between the frames to be sequentially obtained are reduced. In order to slow down the speed for normal fast-forward reproducing, the frame condition for odd-number search requests is set as I picture, while the frame condition for the even-number search requests is set as P picture. In this way, the reproducing speed can be controlled by setting the frame condition according to the reproducing speed.
Preferably, the frame information includes the picture types of the plurality of frames. The frame condition includes the picture type of the frame to be searched for.
In this way, the frames to be transmitted to the client are determined according to the picture type such as I picture.
The foregoing and other objects, features, aspects and advantages of the present invention will become more apparent from the following detailed description of the present invention when taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.
Now, an embodiment of the invention will be described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in which the same or corresponding portions are denoted by the same reference characters and their description will not be repeated.
1. 1. General Structure
Referring to
The moving picture data Vm includes a plurality of frames arranged in sequence. The moving picture Vm is registered according to MPEG (Moving Picture Experts Group) 1 or MPEG2-PS (Program Stream). The server SV distributes moving picture data Vm based on a request from the client CL to the client CL. The client CL reproduces the moving picture data Vm distributed from the server SV.
Note that
1. 1. 1. Server Structure
Referring to
The database management portion 16 manages the HDD 14. More specifically, in response to a search request from the client CL, the database management portion 16 searches through the HDD 14 for the frames of the moving picture data Vm. The network protocol processing portion 18 protocol-processes input/output data.
The HDD 14 stores a moving picture list (Video List) VL given in Table 1.
Referring to Table 1, the moving picture list VL includes a plurality of pieces of moving picture information I1 to Im. The moving picture information pieces I1 to Im are related to the plurality of pieces of moving picture data V1 to Vm stored in the database DB in the HDD 14. details of the moving picture information Im are given in Table 2.
Referring to Table 2, a moving picture data ID that specifies the moving picture data Vm is stored in “videoID.” The full path name of HDD 14 where the moving picture data Vm is stored is recorded in “filename.” The title of the moving picture is recorded in “title.” The data size of the moving picture data Vm is recorded in “size.” The search table ID of a search table STm corresponding to the moving picture data Vm is recorded in “searchID.” The search table STm is given in Table 3.
The search table STm records a frame No. and frame information corresponding to the frame No. The frame No. corresponds to the array positions of the plurality of frames constituting the moving picture data Vm. For example, the frame No.=Fr1 represents the starting frame of the moving picture Vm, and the frame No.=Frn is a frame the n-th (n: natural number) from the start of the moving picture data Vm. The frame whose frame No.=Frn will be hereinafter referred to as “frame Frn.”
The frame information includes “time,” “offset,” “size,” and “picture type.” For the “time,” the time at which the frame is reproduced in the moving picture data Vm is recorded. For example, the “time” of the frame Fr1 is “0:00:00.000.” For the “offset,” the offset value of the starting data of the frame is recorded. For the “size,” the size of the frame is recorded. For the “picture type,” the picture type (I, B, P) of the frame is recorded.
The server SV stores client information CLI (Client Information) as shown in Table 4 in the HDD 14. The client information CLI is information related to the client CL.
Referring to Table 4, the term “flag” in the client information CLI indicates the presence/absence of connection with the server SV. The “flag” is set when there is connection and reset when there is no connection. The term “status” indicates the present status (operation state) such as reproducing, stop, fast-forward reproducing, and reverse-reproducing. The term “firmwareid” is a firmware ID indicating the version of firmware installed in the client. The term “hostname” indicates a client name provided to the client. When there are a plurality of clients CL connected to the server SV, the “hostname” differs among the clients CL. For the term “videoID,” the moving picture data ID of the moving picture data Vm in the process of reproducing is recorded. For the “searchID,” the search table ID of the search table STm corresponding to the moving picture data Vm being reproduced is recorded.
1. 1. 2. Client Structure
Referring to
The client CL does not include an HDD for storing moving picture data Vm unlike the server SV.
1. 2. Operation
The operation of the network AV system will briefly be described.
Referring to
The server SV receives the search request and searches for frames Fr of I picture in the fast-forwarding direction (i.e., in the reproducing direction) from the frame Fr5. For the search, the server SV uses the search table STm. As a result of the search, the server SV extracts a frame Fr9 that is of I picture and transmits the frame to the client CL (2).
The server SV then continues to search for frames Fr of I picture in the fast-forwarding direction, and upon finding frames Fr16 and Frn-1 following the frame Fr9, the server SV sequentially transmits these frames Fr to the client CL (3)(4). The client CL reproduces the frames Fr9, Fr16, and Frn-1 every time the client receives one of the frames (5). As a result, the user of the client CL can view the fast-forward reproducing.
Now, the operation of the network AV system will be described in detail.
1. 2. 1. General Operation
Referring to
At the time, the client CL transmits a moving picture distribution request to the server SV (S1). The moving picture distribution request includes the title of the moving picture selected by the user. Upon receiving the moving picture distribution request, the server SV selects moving picture information Im in the moving picture list having the same “title” as the title of the moving picture transmitted in step S1, and determines moving picture data Vm to be distributed with the moving picture data ID in the selected moving picture information Im. After the determination, the server SV distributes the determined moving picture data Vm to the client CL (S2). The client CL receives the moving picture data Vm distributed from the server SV and reproduces it (S4).
The server SV carries out search table producing processing in parallel with step S2 (S3). In the search table producing processing, the server SV produces a search table STm for the moving picture data Vm selected by the user if the search table does not exist in the HDD14 of the server SV. The server SV has search tables STm for moving picture data Vm already distributed to the client CL among the moving picture data V1 to Vm stored in the HDD 14, but not for moving picture data Vm yet to be distributed to the client CL. Therefore, the server SV produces a search table STm corresponding to moving picture Vm at the time of transmitting the moving picture data Vm to the client for the first time (S3).
When the user of the client CL selects special reproducing such as fast-forward reproducing and reverse-reproducing while the client CL reproduces the moving picture based on the moving picture data Vm, the client carries out special reproducing request processing (S5), and the server SV carries out special reproducing moving picture transmitting processing (S6). More specifically, the client CL transmits a search request for special reproducing. The server SV sequentially transmits frames corresponding to the search request from the client CL based on the search table STm. The client CL reproduces the moving picture based on the frames sequentially transmitted from the server. In this way, the client CL can carry out special reproducing.
After the client CL carries out special reproducing up to the frame desired by the user, the user again selects reproducing of the moving picture. At the time, the client CL transmits a moving picture distribution request similarly to step S1 (S1). The server SV receives the moving picture distribution request and again distributes the moving picture data Vm (S2). The client CL reproduces the moving picture based on the distributed moving picture data Vm (S4).
In this way, the network AV system can reproduce moving pictures and carry out special reproducing. Now, the search table producing processing in step S3, the special reproducing request processing in step S5, and the special reproducing moving picture transmitting processing in step S6 will be described in detail.
1. 2. 2. Search Table Producing Processing
Referring to
Meanwhile, if the search table ID is not recorded in the “searchID” (S302), the server SV registers a new search table ID in the “searchID” of the moving picture information Im of the moving picture data Vm and in the “searchID” of the client information CLI as a preparation for producing the search table STm of the moving picture data Vm to be transmitted to the client CL (S304).
After the registration, the server SV produces the search table STm (S305). Now, the data structure of the moving picture data Vm stored in the HDD 14 in the server SV will be described and then the producing processing in step S305 will be described.
Data Structure of Moving Picture Data in HDD
Referring to
Since data in one frame Fr is large and therefore divided into a plurality of PESs. In
The PESs each have a PES packet header (hereinafter as “header”) at the beginning followed by packet data. The header stores information related to the PES. More specifically, the header basically includes a stream ID and a PTS (Presentation Time Stamp). The stream ID indicates whether the packet data of the PES is frame data or audio data. The PTS is time information representing the reproducing time of the frame. Note that the frame Frn is made of a plurality of packets, and therefore the packets other than the starting packet of the frame Fr have no PTS at their headers. For example, the header of the PES 2, one of the packets of the frame Fr1 does not have PTS. When the header of the PES whose stream ID=frame data has a PTS, the packet data of the PES includes picture type data.
In view of the data structure of the moving picture Vm as described above, the producing processing in step S305 in
Producing Processing
With reference to
The server SV then determines whether a PTS exists in the header (S3055). At the time, the server SV determines that a PTS exists in the header of the PES 1.
If the stream ID indicates frame data and a PTS exists in the header, the server SV registers frame No.=Frn+1=Fr1 in the search table STm (S3056) as shown in Table 5 and registers the PTS corresponding to the frame Fr1 as the time. The PES 1 having the PTS includes picture type=I in the packet data, and therefore the picture type=I is registered as the picture type (S3057). The server SV registers the offset OF1 of the starting position of the header of the PES 1 (S3508).
After registering the offset OF1, if the count value n for the frame No.=0 (S3059), the count value n is incremented (n=1) in step S3062, the count value k is incremented (k=2) in step S3063, and the process returns to step S3052.
Then, the server SV reads out the header of the PES 2 (S3052, S3053). Here, the PES 2 is a packet that is part of the frame Fr1 like the PES 1 and therefore does not have a PTS. Therefore, the server SV determines that the stream ID indicates frame data in step S3054 but the server also determines in step S3055 that there is no PTS. Consequently, the server SV increments the count value k to 3 (k=3)(S3063), and the process returns to step S3052.
Then, the server SV reads out the header of the PES 3 (S3052, S3053). The server SV determines that the PES 3 is audio data based on the result of determination in step S3054. Consequently, the server SV sets the count value k to 4 (k=4)(S3063), and the process returns to the operation in step S3052.
When the header of the PES 4 is read out, the stream ID in the header of the PES 4 indicates frame data (S3054), and it is determined that there is a PTS (S3055). As given in Table 6, the server SV registers frame ID=Frn+1=Fr2 as the frame information (S3056), registers the PTS and the picture type (S3057), and registers the offset OF2 (S3058).
Since the count value n of the frame No. at the time is 1 (n=1) (S3059), the server SV carries out frame size calculating processing (S360). More specifically, using the offsets OF2 and OF1, the data size of the frame Fr1 is calculated according to the expression (1)(S3060).
The data size of frame Frn=OFn+1−OFn (1)
The data size of frame Fr1=OF2−OF1
The calculated data size is registered as the size of the frame Fr1 in the frame information as given in Table 7 (S3061).
After carrying out the frame size calculating processing (S360), the count value n is incremented to 2 (n=2)(S3062), the count value k is set to 5 (k=5)(S3063), and then the process returns to step S3052 to start the processing in the same manner.
As the result of the processing, after the server SV carries out the processing of producing the PES k that is the final PES packet in the moving picture Vm, if the process returns to step S3052 and attempts to read out a header, there is no PES after the PES k, and therefore the server SV fails to read out the header (S3053). In this case, if the count value is not 0 (S3069), all the PESs of the moving picture Vm have been read out, and therefore the server SV calculates the frame size of the final frame Frn according to the expression (2)(S3064).
The data size of frame Frn=the size of moving picture data Vm−OFn (2)
The calculated frame size is registered as the size of the frame Frn in the search table STm (S3065), and the search table STm is thus complete. Consequently, the server SV ends the producing processing.
By the above described operation, upon receiving a moving picture distribution request from a client, the server SV determines whether the search table STm of the moving picture data Vm desired by the client exists, and if there is no such search table, the search table STm is quickly produced.
1. 2. 3. Special Reproducing Operation
Referring to
The search request includes the search starting position, the frame condition, and the search direction. The search starting position is the offset OFn of the frame Frn from which the search is started. The frame condition is the picture type (I, B, P) of the frame Frn searched by the server SV. The search direction indicates fast-forwarding or reversing.
When the search request is produced, the client CL initially determines the search direction as the fast-forwarding direction in response to the operation of the user (S55). The client CL then selects a reproducing speed in response to the operation of the user and determines the frame condition based on the selected speed (S56).
The frame condition is determined based on a fast-forward reproducing speed table as given in Table 9. Note that the fast-forward reproducing speed table is stored in the memory 32 of the client CL.
The frame conditions corresponding to the fast-forward reproducing speeds are recorded in the fast-forward reproducing speed table. At a normal fast-forwarding speed, for example, the frame condition to be included in the j-th search request (j: natural number) is I picture. Meanwhile, for double speed, the frame condition to be included in the j-th search request is I picture the 2j-th from the frame Frn in the search starting position. For triple speed, the frame condition to be included in the j-th search request is I picture the 3j-th from the frame Frn in the search starting position.
The client CL selects a fast-forwarding speed in response to the operation of the user, and the frame condition is determined based on the fast-forwarding speed table. When the user selects the normal fast-forward reproducing speed, the client CL determines the frame condition as “I picture” in response to the operation of the user based on the fast-forward reproducing speed table.
Then, the client CL determines the search starting position in the search request (S57). More specifically, the client CL determines as the search starting position the offset OFn of the frame of the moving picture displayed at the display of the client CL (that is not shown) at the time of transmitting the search request. By these process steps S55 to S57, the search request is produced (S58).
After producing the search request, the client CL transmits the search request to the server SV and obtains the frame Frn necessary for fast-forward reproducing (search request processing: S51). Meanwhile, the server SV transmits the frame Frn corresponding to the search request (frame transmitting processing: S61).
While the user selects fast-forward reproducing, the client CL continues to carry out the search request processing (S51), and the server SV continues to carry out the frame transmitting processing (S61) corresponding to the search request processing. As a result, the client CL can carry out fast-forward reproducing. Now, the search request processing and the frame transmitting processing will be described.
Referring to
The server SV, upon receiving the search request, specifies the search table STm for the moving picture data Vm being distributed to the client CL (S611). More specifically, the server SV refers to the client information CLI of the client CL that has transmitted the search request, and specifies the search table STm from the registered search table ID (S611). Then, the server SV specifies the frame Frn to start searching based on the search starting position in the search request (S612). The search starting position in the search request is “0×00800000” and therefore the server SV determines the frame Fr50 as the search starting position.
Then, the server SV searches for frames Fr to be transmitted to the client CL (S613). More specifically, the server SV searches for the frames Fr whose picture type is I picture arranged after and the nearest to the frame Fr50 based on the frame condition (I picture) and the search direction (fast-forwarding) in the search request. As the result of the search, the server SV founds the frame Fr 52 (S614).
At the time, the server SV transmits the frame information of the frame Fr 52 to the client CL (S617). The client CL receives the frame information (S513), and requests for the data of a frame Fr52 (S514). The server SV responds to the request from the client CL to transmit the data of frame Fr52 (S618). The client CL receives the data of the frame Fr52 and reproduces a moving picture based on the frame Fr 52 (S515).
After receiving the moving picture based on the frame Fr52, the client CL again carries out search request processing (S51). At the time, the client CL transmits a search request in which the offset OF52 of the frame Fr52 is the search starting position and the frame condition and the search direction are the same as those of the previous search request (S511). In this way, the client CL continuously obtains frames Fr of I picture and can carry out fast-forward reproducing by reproducing a moving picture based on the frames Fr.
Note that in the frame transmitting processing (S61), if the frame information of the frame Frn corresponding to the search request does not exist based on the result of the search in step S613 (S614), it is determined whether the search table STm is being produced (S615). This is because the server SV could receive a search request from the client CL when the server is in the process of transmitting moving picture data Vm that has never been transmitted to the client while producing a search table STm in response to a moving picture distribution request from the client CL for the moving picture data Vm.
As the result of the determination in step S615, if the server SV is in the process of producing the search table STm, the process returns to step S613, and the search is repeated. While the search goes on, the frame information of the frame Frn is registered in the search table STm.
Meanwhile, as the result of the determination, if the server SV is not in the process of producing the search table STm, the server SV transmits an error notification to the client CL (S616). If for example the search starting position is Fr1 and the search direction is the reversing direction, no frame Fr (frame information) exists before the frame Fr1, and therefore the server SV transmits an error notification. In this case, the client CL ends the operation upon receiving the error notification (S512).
In the above description, the user selects fast-forward reproducing, while the above applies when the user selects reverse-reproducing. If for example the search starting position in the search request from the client CL is the offset OF73 of the frame 73, the picture type is I picture, and the search direction is the reversing direction, the server SV searches for the frame Fr72 in step S613.
According to the first embodiment, the server SV searches for moving picture data Vm to be distributed to the client CL using the search table STm, while the server SV may directly search for moving picture data Vm in the database DB in the HDD 14 without using the search table STm.
The server SV in the network AV system according to a second embodiment of the invention does not have the search table STm. The other structure is the same as that of the network AV system 1 shown in
2. 1. General Operation
Referring to
Now, the search request processing and the frame transmitting processing according to the embodiment will be described.
Referring to
The server SV, upon receiving the search request in Table 10, searches for moving picture data Vm in the database DB (S651). At the time, the server SV searches for the starting position of the frame Frn according to the search request. More specifically, the server SV starts to search for the search starting position “X1” in the search request and then searches for the offset OFn=X2 in the starting position of the PES k including the picture type=I in the packet data. After the search, the server SV transmits the offset OFn=X2 and the picture type=I of PES k found by the search as the result of the search (S652).
The client CL, upon receiving the search result, transmits a search request as given in Table 11 (S552).
Referring to Table 11, the search starting position is “X2.” The frame condition is any of the picture types I, B, and P. More specifically, the client CL requests the server SV to search for the starting position of a PES including any of the picture types I, B, and P starting from the offset OFn=X2.
The server SV, upon receiving the search request in Table 11, starts to search based on the request and searches for the offset OFn+1=X3 in the starting position of the PES k+3 including the picture type=B in the packet data (S653). After the search, the server SV transmits the result of the search including the offset OFn+1=X3 in the starting position of the PES k+3 and the picture type=B found by the search to the client CL (S654).
The client CL, upon receiving the search result, requests the server SV to provide the data of the frame Frn of I picture (S553). At the time, the client CL requests the server SV to transmit the data whose data obtaining start position is X2, and whose size is X3−X2.
The server SV, upon receiving the data request, transmits the data having X2 as the data obtaining start position and a size equal to X3−X2, in other words, the data of the frame Frn to the client CL (S655).
The client CL reproduces a moving picture based on the frame Frn, upon receiving the data of the frame Frn (S554).
By these operation steps, the server SV responds to the search request from the client CL to search for the starting position of the frame Frn and the starting position of the succeeding frame Frn+1. The client CL specifies the data size of the frame Frn to be transmitted based on the difference between the two starting positions found by the search, and the server SV transmits the frame Frn to the client CL. Therefore, the server SV can sequentially transmit frames Frn in response to the search request from the client CL without producing a search table STm. In this way, the client CL can carry out special reproducing.
According to the first and second embodiments, the moving picture data Vm is in the form of MPEG1 or MPEG2-PS, while the data may be in the form of MPEG2-TS (Transport Stream) or any other MPEG form.
Although the present invention has been described and illustrated in detail, it is clearly understood that the same is by way of illustration and example only and is not to be taken by way of limitation. The invention may be embodied in various modified forms without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention.
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