1. Field of the Invention
The present invention relates to systems that communicate data with mobile terminals, and more particularly, to a system that communicates employing a protocol called a mobile IP (Internet Protocol) standardized by IETF (Internet Engineering Task Force).
2. Description of the Background Art
Recently, mobile terminals including mobile phones and personal digital assistants (PDA) have been widespread, which perform data communication wirelessly. To enable such data communication over networks, each mobile terminal predetermines its primary assigned network. The mobile terminal performs the data communication via a wireless communication device (hereinafter, “communication device”) included in the predetermined network.
The mobile IP standardized by IETF is a communication protocol that is used when a mobile terminal is out of a communication range of the communication device included in its predetermined network. This mobile IP allows the mobile terminal to communicate even when it has moved to a network other than the predetermined network, without a need to change its IP address identifying itself.
A network system realizing communication of mobile terminals using this mobile IP will now be described. As shown in
Home network 100 includes: a home gateway 110 having a routing function that forwards packets between routers; a mobile node 160 as a mobile terminal that moves between the home network and the foreign network; and an access point (hereinafter, “AP”) 150 that is connected to home gateway 110 and transmits data received via home gateway 110 to mobile node 160 wirelessly. Home gateway 110 connects home network 100 with a network other than the home network 100. Home gateway 110 has an agent function. For mobile node 160, one home network having home gateway 110 as its home agent function will always be set. One network may be set for a plurality of mobile nodes 160 as their home networks.
ISP 200 connects public IP network 600 with a plurality of home networks 100 and foreign networks 400. Via ISP 200, mobile node 160 on home network (e.g., user home network) 100 is able to receive data from data communication terminal 500.
Foreign network 400 has a configuration identical to that of home network 100, except that foreign network 400 is provided with a foreign router 300 while home network 100 is provided with home gateway 110.
Public IP network 600 uses IP packets to realize communication, e.g., between mobile node 160 and data communication terminal 500.
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Assume that mobile node 160 moves to foreign network 400 in this state. Mobile node 160 then receives an agent advertisement message from agent advertisement transmission circuit 314 of foreign router 300. The agent advertisement messages are transmitted (multicasted or broadcasted) periodically by agent advertisement transmission circuit 314. Mobile node 160 detects that the address of foreign router 300 included in the received agent advertisement message is different from the home agent address in the location information data stored in storage circuit 168. Thus, mobile node 160 sends a location registration request to home gateway 110. Upon receipt of the location registration request message from mobile node 160, home gateway 110 stores the address of foreign router 300 included therein as a care-of address of the relevant mobile node 160.
Assume that data communication terminal 500 transmits data destined for mobile node 160 in this state. Specifically, data communication terminal 500 sends the data via ISP 200 to home gateway 110 included in the home network of mobile node 160. At this time, an IP header indicating the destination of the data includes the address of home gateway 110 and the address of mobile node 160. Home gateway 110, referring to location management table 132 in storage unit 130, adds the care-of address of mobile node 160 (i.e., address of foreign router 300) to the IP header, and forwards the data to foreign router 300. Upon receipt of the data, foreign router 300 removes the care-of address therefrom, and delivers the data to mobile node 160 via AP 150. In this manner, it is possible to send data to mobile node 160 that has moved from its home network to a foreign network.
A process performed by home gateway 110 will now be described with reference to a flow chart in FIG. 11.
In step (S) 100, control unit 120 determines whether a location registration request message as shown in
In S102, control unit 120 stores, in location management table 132, an address of foreign router 300 included in the received location registration request message as a care-of address of the mobile node 160 that originated the request. Note that home gateway 110 may receive, instead of the address of foreign router 300, an address of home gateway 110 of another home network other than its own home network. This happens when mobile node 160 has moved to a home network other than its own home network.
In S104, control unit 120 transmits a location registration completion message to mobile node 160. In S106, control unit 120 determines whether data destined for mobile node 160 has been received from ISP 200. This may be the data transmitted from data communication terminal 500 to mobile node 160. If such data has been received from ISP 200 (YES in S106), the process goes to S108. Otherwise (NO in S106), the process returns to S100.
In S108, control unit 120 determines whether a care-of address has been set in location management table 132 for mobile node 160 as the destination of the transmitted data. If the care-of address has been set (YES in S108), the process goes to S110. Otherwise (NO in S108), the process goes to S114.
In S110, control unit 120 acquires the care-of address from location management table 132, and adds to the data a new header including this care-of address as the destination address (encapsulation). In S112, control unit 120 forwards the data to the care-of address (by tunneling). Upon receipt of the data, foreign router 300 removes the header, and sends the data via AP 150 included in foreign network 400 to mobile node 160.
This routing function of home gateway 110 by which data is forwarded via a tunnel to foreign router 300 of a foreign network on which the mobile node 160 is now located is called a home agent function. The routing function of foreign router 300 by which the data forwarded by the home agent function is delivered to mobile node 160 is called a foreign agent function.
In S114, control unit 120 transmits the data to the designated address without taking a care-of address into consideration. In S116, control unit 120 determines whether to end the process in home gateway 110. This decision is made by checking whether a predetermined condition has been satisfied. If YES in S116, the process ends. Otherwise (NO in S116), the process returns to S100.
In the case where mobile node 160 transmits data while it is on, e.g., foreign network 400, the data is transmitted to a designated address using foreign router 300 of foreign network 400.
In the system as described above, home gateway 110 is provided for each home network 100, and the location management of mobile node 160 is done by each home gateway 110. If the number of home networks 100 increases, the situation occurs where the performance of location management of mobile node 160 depends on a large number of home gateways 110.
In such a system, when mobile node 160 is located on a foreign network, its care-of address set in the location management table in home gateway 110 should first be referred to such that a routing circuit of home gateway 110 can forward packets to the relevant foreign network. Regardless of the current location of mobile node 160, the packets are forwarded to home gateway 110 without exception, which makes the communication redundant. Likewise, for the location registration, it is necessary to send the location registration request message to home gateway 110, which again causes redundant communication. Such redundant communication increases traffic, thereby degrading communication response of the network.
An object of the present invention is to provide a network system capable of transmitting data to a mobile terminal via an appropriate route, a server for use in such a system, and a method for transmitting data to a mobile terminal for use in such a server.
Another object of the present invention is to provide a network system capable of transmitting data to a mobile terminal without increasing communication traffic, a server for use in such a system, and a method for transmitting data to a mobile terminal for use in such a server.
A further object of the present invention is to provide a network system capable of transmitting data to a mobile terminal via an appropriate route and applicable to the Internet, a server for use in such a system, and a method for transmitting data to a mobile terminal for use in such a server.
A still further object of the present invention is to provide a network system capable of transmitting data to a mobile terminal via an appropriate route even if a large number of networks exist for one mobile terminal, a server for use in such a system, and a method for transmitting data to a mobile terminal for use in such a server.
Yet another object of the present invention is to provide a network system preventing deterioration of quality in real time communication of audio data, image data and the like, a server for use in such a system, and a method for transmitting data to a mobile terminal for use in such a server.
The network system according to the present invention includes a server and a plurality of networks connected to the server. Each network includes: a mobile terminal that receives data and outputs the received data, a communication device that sends data received from the server to the mobile terminal wirelessly, and a detection device that detects any mobile terminal present within a range communicable with the communication device. The mobile terminal moves between the plurality of networks. The mobile terminal has a primary assigned network set as its home network. The server includes a communication circuit that communicates with the communication device and the detection device included in each network, a storage circuit connected to the communication circuit for storage of a location management table, and a control circuit connected to the communication circuit and the storage circuit for control of the communication circuit. The location management table includes, for each mobile terminal, information specifying the network in which the mobile terminal is currently located that is determined based on information received from the detection device, and information specifying the home network. The control circuit receives data and information indicating the mobile terminal as a destination of the data, and controls, based on the received information indicating the mobile terminal as the destination of the data and the information stored in the location management table, such that the communication circuit sends the received data to the mobile terminal as the destination thereof.
When the mobile terminal moves from its home network to another network, the server specifies the network in which the mobile terminal is currently located based on the information received from the detection device. The server stores, for each mobile terminal, information identifying the home network and information identifying the specified network, in a location management table. The server receives data with information indicating the mobile terminal as a destination of the data. The server determines in which network the mobile terminal as the destination is currently located based on the location management table, and sends the data to a communication device included in the relevant network. Thus, even if the mobile terminal has moved from its home network to another network, it is possible to determine the current location of the mobile terminal, not using the home network, but using the server that unitarily manages the home network. More specifically, the data forwarding address can be determined using a location management table stored, not in a home gateway of a lower layer in hierarchy, but in a server of its upper layer. As it is unnecessary to communicate with the home gateway of the lower layer to fetch the data forwarding address therefrom, the data can be sent via a shorter communication route. This decreases redundant communication, and hence communication traffic, thereby improving communication response of the network. With the improvement of communication response, data delay in real time communication of audio data, image data and the like is restricted, so that a network that can prevent deterioration of quality is realized.
Preferably, the server further includes a connect circuit that connects to another network. The server receives the data and the information indicating the mobile terminal as the destination of the data from a device connected to the another network.
The mobile terminal having moved from its home network to another network is able to receive the data transmitted via the Internet that is connected to the server through a public network, using a shorter communication route.
The server according to the present invention is a server used in a system including the server and a plurality of networks connected to the server. The server includes: a communication circuit that communicates with the communication device and the detection device included in each network; a storage circuit connected to the communication circuit for storage of a location management table, and a control circuit connected to the communication circuit and the storage circuit for control of the communication circuit. The location management table includes, for each mobile terminal, information specifying the network in which the mobile terminal is currently located that is determined based on information received from the detection device, and information specifying the home network. The control circuit receives data and information indicating the mobile terminal as a destination of the data, and controls, based on the received information indicating the mobile terminal as the destination of the data and the information stored in the location management table, such that the communication circuit sends the received data to the mobile terminal as the destination thereof.
The server stores, for each mobile terminal, the information identifying the home network and the information identifying the specified network in the location management table. The server receives the data with the information indicating the mobile terminal as the destination thereof. The server determines the network in which the mobile terminal as the destination is currently located based on the location management table, and sends the data to a communication device included in the relevant network. Thus, even if the mobile terminal has moved from its home network to another network, the current location of the mobile terminal can be determined, not using the home network, but using the server that unitarily manages the home network. Accordingly, a server is provided which is used in a network that can decrease redundant communication and hence communication traffic, thereby improving communication response.
The communication method according to another aspect of the present invention is a communication method of a server in a system including the server and a plurality of networks connected to the server. Each network includes a mobile terminal that receives data and outputs the received data, a communication device that sends data received from the server to the mobile terminal wirelessly, and a detection device that detects any mobile terminal present within a range communicable with the communication device. The mobile terminal moves between the plurality of networks. The mobile terminal has a primary assigned network set as its home network. The communication method includes the step of storing a location management table, and the step of receiving data and information indicating the mobile terminal as a destination of the data and, based on the received information indicating the mobile terminal as the destination and the information stored in the location management table, sending the received data to the mobile terminal as the destination thereof. The location management table includes, for each mobile terminal, information specifying the network in which the mobile terminal is currently located that is determined based on information received from the detection device, and information specifying the home network.
When the mobile terminal moves from its home network to another network, a network in which the mobile terminal is currently located is specified based on the information received from the detection device. In the step of storing the location management table, the information identifying the specified network and the information identifying the home network are stored for each mobile terminal. Upon receipt of data along with the information indicating the mobile terminal as the destination thereof, in the step of sending the data to the mobile terminal, the network in which the mobile terminal is currently located is determined based on the location management table, and the data is sent to a communication device included in the relevant network. Thus, even if the mobile terminal has moved from its home network to another network, the current location of the mobile terminal can be determined, not using the home network, but using the server unitarily managing the home network. Accordingly, a communication method is realized which decreases redundant communication and hence communication traffic, and improves communication response of the network.
A recording medium according to yet another aspect of the present invention is a computer readable recording medium storing a program for implementing a communication method of a server in a system including the server and a plurality of networks connected to the server. Each network includes a mobile terminal that receives data and outputs the received data, a communication device that sends data received from the server to the mobile terminal wirelessly, and a detection device that detects any mobile terminal present within a range communicable with the communication device. The mobile terminal moves between the plurality of networks. The mobile terminal has a primary assigned network set as its home network. The communication method includes the step of storing a location management table, and the step of receiving data and information indicating the mobile terminal as a destination of the data, and, based on the received information indicating the mobile terminal as the destination and the information stored in the location management table, sending the received data to the mobile terminal as the destination thereof. The location management table includes, for each mobile terminal, information specifying the network in which the mobile terminal is currently located that is determined based on information received from the detection device, and information specifying the home network.
When the mobile terminal moves from its home network to another network, a network in which the mobile terminal is currently located is specified based on the information received from the detection device. In the step of storing the location management table, the information identifying the specified network and the information identifying the home network are stored for each mobile terminal. Upon receipt of the data along with the information indicating the mobile terminal as the destination thereof, in the step of sending the data to the mobile terminal, the network in which the mobile terminal is currently located is determined based on the location management table, and the data is sent to a communication device included in the relevant network. Thus, even if the mobile terminal has moved from its home network to another network, the current location of the mobile terminal can be determined, not using the home network, but using the server that unitarily manages the home network. Accordingly, it is possible to provide a computer readable recording medium for use in recording a program for implementation of a communication method that can decrease redundant communication and communication traffic, thereby improving communication response of the network.
The foregoing and other objects, features, aspects and advantages of the present invention will become more apparent from the following detailed description of the present invention when taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.
Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. Throughout the following description and the drawings, the same components are denoted by the same reference characters and their names and functions are also the same. Thus, detailed description thereof will not be repeated where appropriate.
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The process being performed in ISP 1200 of the present invention is realized by hardware of a computer such as a personal computer or a workstation and software executed thereon.
As already described above, ISP 1200 is realized by computer hardware and software executed by CPU 1320. In general, such software is distributed in a form stored in a recording medium such as FD 1316, CD-ROM 1318 or the like, which is read from the recording medium by FD driving device 1306, CD-ROM driving device 1308 or the like, and temporarily stored in fixed disk 1324. The software is then read out from fixed disk 1324 to memory 1322 for execution by CPU 1320. Since the hardware itself of the computer shown in
The operation of the computer shown in
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Assume that mobile node 160 moves to foreign network 400 in this state. Mobile node 160 then receives an agent advertisement message from agent advertisement transmission circuit 314 in foreign router 300. Mobile node 160 detects that the address of foreign router 300 included in the received agent advertisement message is different from the home agent address in the location information data stored in storage circuit 168. Mobile node 160 thus sends a location registration request message to ISP 1200. ISP 1200 stores the address of foreign router 300 included in the location registration request message received from mobile node 160 as a care-of address of the relevant mobile node 160.
Assume that data communication terminal 500 transmits data destined for mobile node 160 in this state. At this time, data communication terminal 500 sends the data to ISP 1200. ISP 1200 refers to location management table 132 in storage unit 1220, and forwards the data to the care-of address of mobile node 160 (i.e., to foreign router 300). Foreign router 300 receives the data, and delivers the data via AP 150 of foreign network 400 to mobile node 160. Thus, it becomes possible to send data to mobile node 160 having moved from its home network to a foreign network, without a need to route it via home gateway 1110.
A process for location registration performed by ISP 1200 will be described with reference to the flow chart shown in FIG. 19.
In S1000, CPU 1320 determines whether it has received a location registration request message as shown in
In S1002, CPU 1320 stores, in location management table 132, the address of foreign router 300 included in the received location registration request message as a care-of address of the mobile node 160 that originated the request. Note that there is a case where ISP 1200 receives, instead of the address of foreign router 300, an address of home gateway 1110 of another home network other than its own home network.
In S1004, CPU 1320 sends a location registration completion message to mobile node 160. In S1006, CPU 1320 determines whether it has received any data destined for mobile node 160 from data communication terminal 500. If such data has been received (YES in S1006), the process goes to S1008. Otherwise (NO in S1006), the process returns to S1000.
In S1008, CPU 1320 determines whether a care-of address has been set in location management table 132 for the mobile node 160 as the destination of the data. If the care-of address exists (YES in S1008), the process goes to S1010. Otherwise (NO in S1008), the process goes to S1014.
In S1010, CPU 1320 acquires the care-of address from location management table 132, and adds to the data a new header including this care-of address as a destination address. In S1012, CPU 1320 forwards the data to the care-of address. Foreign router 300 receives the data and removes the header. The data with the header now removed therefrom is delivered via AP 150 to mobile node 160.
In S1014, CPU 1320 sends the data to the designated address without adding a care-of address. In S1016, CPU 1320 determines whether to end the process in ISP 1200. If so (YES in S 1016), the process ends. Otherwise (NO in S1016), the process returns to S1000.
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Assume that mobile node 160 returns to home network 1100 in this state. Mobile node 160 then receives an agent advertisement message from agent advertisement transmission circuit 124 of home gateway 1110. It detects that the address of home gateway 1110 included in the received agent advertisement message is the same as the home agent address in the location information data stored in storage circuit 168. Mobile node 160 thus sends a deregistration request to ISP 1200. In response, ISP 1200 deletes the care-of address having been stored corresponding to the relevant mobile node 160 in location management table 132.
Assume that data communication terminal 500 transmits data destined for mobile node 160 in this state. At this time, data communication terminal 500 sends the data to ISP 1200. ISP 1200 refers to location management table 132 in storage unit 1220. Since a care-of address is no longer set for mobile node 160, ISP 1200 forwards the data to home gateway 1110. Upon receipt of the data, home gateway 1110 delivers it via AP 150 of home network 1100 to mobile node 160. Thus, it becomes possible to send data to mobile node 160 that has returned to its home network.
A process for deregistration performed by ISP 1200 will be described with reference to the flow chart shown in FIG. 21.
In S1200, CPU 1320 determines whether it has received deregistration request data from mobile node 160. If the data has been received (YES in S1200), the process goes to S1202. Otherwise (NO in S1200), the process goes to S1206.
In S1202, CPU 1320 deletes the address having been registered in location management table 132 as the care-of address of mobile node 160 that originated the deregistration request data.
In S1204, CPU 1320 sends a location deregistration completion message to mobile node 160. In S1206, CPU 1320 determines whether to end the process at ISP 1200. This decision is made according to whether a prescribed condition has been satisfied. If so (YES in S1206), the process ends. Otherwise (NO in S1206), the process returns to S1200.
The operation of the network system according to the above-described configurations and flow charts will now be described.
Operation for Location Registration
The case where mobile node 160 moves from its home network 1100 to foreign network 300 will be described.
Mobile node 160 receives an agent advertisement message from agent advertisement transmission circuit 314 of foreign router 300. Mobile node 160 detects that it has moved to another network other than its home network as the address included in the received agent advertisement message differs from the home agent address in the location information data stored in storage circuit 168. Mobile node 160 thus sends a location registration request message to ISP 1200.
Upon receipt of the location registration request message from mobile node 160 (YES in S1000), ISP 1200 stores the received address as the care-of address of the relevant mobile node 160 in location management table 132 in storage unit 1220 (S1002). ISP 1200 then sends the location registration completion message to mobile node 160 (S1004).
Operation for Forwarding Data
When data communication terminal 500 transmits data destined for mobile node 160, ISP 1200 receives the data (YES in S1006). ISP 1200 refers to location management table 132 in storage unit 1220 to determine whether the care-of address has been set for the mobile node 160 as the destination of the data (S1008). If so (YES in S1008), ISP 1200 adds to the data a header including the care-of address as a destination address (S1000). ISP 1200 then forwards the data to foreign router 300 that is specified by the care-of address.
Upon receipt of the data, foreign router 300 removes the header. The data from which the header has now been removed is delivered to mobile node 160 via AP 150 included in foreign network 400.
Operation for Deregistration
The case where mobile node 160 having moved from home network 1100 to foreign network 400 now returns to home network 1100 will be described.
Mobile node 160 receives an agent advertisement message from agent advertisement transmission circuit 124 in home gateway 1110. Mobile node 160 detects that it has returned to its home network as the address included in the received agent advertisement message matches the home agent address in the location information data stored in storage circuit 168. Mobile node 160 thus sends deregistration request data to ISP 1200.
Upon receipt of the deregistration request data from mobile node 160 (YES in S1200), ISP 1200 deletes the address having been set as the care-of address for the relevant mobile node 160 in location management table 132 in storage unit 1220 (S1202). ISP 1200 then sends the location deregistration completion message to mobile node 160 (S1204).
As explained above, in the network system of the present invention, when mobile node 160 moves from home network 1100 to foreign network 400, ISP 1200 stores in its location management table a care-of address for the mobile node 160 that has moved. Upon receipt of data destined for the mobile node 160, ISP 1200 determines in which foreign network 400 the mobile node 160 as the destination is currently located, based on the location management table stored in itself. ISP 1200 then forwards the data to the relevant foreign network 400. Accordingly, it is possible to determine as to where data should be forwarded, according to the location management table stored, not in the home gateway 1110 of a lower layer in hierarchy, but in the ISP 1200 of its upper layer. This eliminates a need to communicate with the home gateway of the lower layer to fetch the data forwarding address therefrom. Therefore, data transmission is enabled with a shorter communication route.
Although the present invention has been described and illustrated in detail, it is clearly understood that the same is by way of illustration and example only and is not to be taken by way of limitation, the spirit and scope of the present invention being limited only by the terms of the appended claims.
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